| tillage impact on herbicide loss by surface runoff and lateral subsurface flow. | there is worldwide interest in conservation tillage practices because they can reduce surface runoff, and agrichemical and sediment losses from farm fields. since these practices typically increase infiltration, their use may increase subsurface transport of water-soluble contaminants. thus, to assess long-term environmental benefits of conservation tillage data may be needed that quantify both surface and subsurface contaminant fluxes. this study focused on the herbicide fluometuron (n,n-dimeth ... | 2015 | 26057540 |
| spatial and temporal dynamics of stink bugs in southeastern farmscapes. | a 3-yr study (2009-2011) was conducted to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of stink bugs in three commercial farmscapes. study locations were replicated in south carolina and georgia, in an agriculturally diverse region known as the southeastern coastal plain. crops included wheat, triticum aestivum (l.), corn, zea mays (l.), soybean, glycine max (l.), cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), and peanut, arachis hypogaea (l.). farmscapes were sampled weekly using whole-plant examinations for co ... | 2015 | 25843577 |
| determining the major bt refuge crops for cotton bollworm in north china. | evaluation of the effectiveness of refuge strategies involved in cotton bollworm bt resistance management would be aided by technologies that allow monitoring and quantification of key factors that affect the process under field conditions. we hypothesized that characterization of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in adult bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) moths may aid in determining the larval host that they developed upon. we found moths reared from larvae fed ... | 2015 | 25196072 |
| likelihood of stink bugs colonizing crops: a case study in southeastern farmscapes. | stink bugs, including nezara viridula (l.), euschistus servus (say), and chinavia hilaris (say), are economic pests across agricultural farmscapes where they can colonize closely associated crops. this 4-yr on-farm study was conducted to examine the likelihood of these three stink bug species colonizing crops in corn-cotton, corn-peanut-cotton, and peanut-cotton farmscapes by using odds ratios. corn (zea mays l.), peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) served as host pl ... | 2013 | 23726052 |
| enzyme activities and arylsulfatase protein content of dust and the soil source: biochemical fingerprints? | little is known about the potential of enzyme activities, which are sensitive to soil properties and management, for the characterization of dust properties. enzyme activities may be among the dust properties key to identifying the soil source of dust. we generated dust (27 and 7 microm) under controlled laboratory conditions from agricultural soils (0-5 cm) with history of continuous cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) or cotton rotated with peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l. ... | 2006 | 15356225 |
| lipids, proteins, and structure of seed oil bodies from diverse species. | oil bodies isolated from the mature seeds of rape (brassica napus l.), mustard (brassica juncea l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), flax (linus usitatis simum), maize (zea mays l.), peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), and sesame (sesamum indicum l.) had average diameters that were different but within a narrow range (0.6-2.0 [mu]m), as measured from electron micrographs of serial sections. their contents of triacylglycerols (tag), phospholipids, and proteins (oleosins) were correlated with their size ... | 1993 | 12231682 |
| isoosmotic regulation of cotton and peanut at saline concentrations of k and na. | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum) plants were grown for 4 weeks in saline, isoosmotic rooting substrates with different proportions of k and na. isoosmotic media did not affect growth (except at the highest external k concentrations) or estimates of intracellular osmotic pressure in expanding leaves (i.e. osmotic pressure of leaf sap and intracellular osmotic pressure as calculated from pressure-volume curves). in expanded leaves, an increase in the proportion of exter ... | 1988 | 16666244 |
| the response of foliar gas exchange to exogenously applied ethylene. | the responsiveness to ethylene of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to water vapor in intact plants was investigated in 13 herbaceous species representing seven plant families. exposures were conducted in an open, whole-plant exposure system providing controlled levels of irradiance, air temperature, co(2), relative humidity, and ethylene concentration. net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to water vapor in units of moles per square meter per second were measured on recently exp ... | 1986 | 16665086 |
| concentration dependencies of some effects of ethylene on etiolated pea, peanut, bean, and cotton seedlings. | the effects of a series of concentrations of ethylene (10, 20, 40, to 10,240 nl/l) on elongation, diameter, and geotropism of the stems and roots of etiolated seedlings of pisum sativum l., arachis hypogea l., phaseolus vulgaris l., and gossypium hirsutum l. were measured or observed. of the 24 possible responses, 4 were unaffected at the concentrations used, 5 were affected slightly, and the remaining responses exhibited a 14-fold range of apparent half-maximum concentration dependencies (i.e. ... | 1975 | 16659145 |
| the responses of stomata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficits and soil water content : i. species comparisons at high soil water contents. | the responses of photosynthesis, transpiration and leaf conductance to changes in vapour pressure deficit were followed in well-watered plants of the herbaceous species, helianthus annuus, helianthus nuttallii, pisum sativum and vigna unguiculata, and in the woody species having either sclerophyllous leaves, arbutus unedo, nerium oleander and pistacia vera, or mesomorphic leaves, corylus avellana, gossypium hirsutum and prunus dulcis. when the vapour pressure deficit of the air around a single l ... | 1984 | 28311208 |
| transposable elements play an important role during cotton genome evolution and fiber cell development. | transposable elements (tes) usually occupy largest fractions of plant genome and are also the most variable part of the structure. although traditionally it is hallmarked as "junk and selfish dna", today more and more evidence points out te's participation in gene regulations including gene mutation, duplication, movement and novel gene creation via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. the recently sequenced genomes of diploid cottons gossypium arboreum (aa) and gossypium raimondii (dd) together w ... | 2016 | 26687725 |
| hemigossypol, a constituent in developing glanded cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum). | gossypol is a dimeric sesquiterpenoid first identified in cottonseed, but found in various tissues in the cotton plant including the seed. from its first discovery, it was assumed that hemigossypol was the biosynthetic precursor of gossypol. previous studies established that peroxidase (either from horseradish or from cottonseed) converts hemigossypol to gossypol. however, hemigossypol has never been identified in healthy cottonseed. in a temporal study using hplc and lc-ms, hemigossypol was ide ... | 2012 | 22369216 |
| ethnobotanical study of kani tribes in thoduhills of kerala, south india. | india is having a rich vegetation with a wide variety of plants, because of the extreme variations in geographical and climatic conditions prevailing in the country. plants have been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments. especially, kani tribal communities in thodu hills of kerala meet their healthcare needs by using non-timber minor forest products and preparations based on traditional knowledge. they still depend on medicinal plants and most of them have a basic knowl ... | 2014 | 24393788 |
| effect of abscisic acid on the gain of the feedback loop involving carbon dioxide and stomata. | gains of the feedback loops involving intercellular co(2) concentration on one hand, and co(2) assimilation and stomata on the other (= assimilation loop with gain [g(a)] and conductance loop with gain [g(g)]) were determined in detached leaves of amaranthus powelli s. wats., avena sativa l., gossypium hirsutum l., xanthium strumarium l., and zea mays in the absence and presence of 10(-5)m (+/-) abscisic acid (aba) in the transpiration stream. determinations were made for an ambient co(2) concen ... | 1978 | 16660528 |
| ethnopharmacological assessment of medicinal plants used against livestock infections by the people living around indus river. | the present study was aimed to document detailed ethnopharmacological knowledge of medicinal plants against livestock infections of an unexplored remote region of pakistan. semistructured questionnaires were used for data collection. total 43 plants belonging to 26 families were found to be used in ethnoveterinary practices. seeds (29%) were found to be the most frequent plant part used followed by leaves (22%). ethnoveterinary recipes were mostly prepared in the form of decoction and powdering. ... | 2014 | 25544941 |
| inhibition of oviposition by volatiles of certain plants and chemicals in the leafhopperamrasca devastons (distant). | oviposition by the leafhopperamrasca devastans (distant) on its susceptible host plant, cotton (gossypium hirsutum var. ps-10), was inhibited by the volatiles of certain plants and by the vapors of some chemicals occurring in various plants when these were presented at a distance from the ovipositional substrate. the effectiveness of the volatiles of the plants for inhibiting the oviposition decreased in the order: eucalyptus > coriander=castor=tomato > lime,ocimum being without effect. among th ... | 1982 | 24414944 |
| in silico prediction of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) encoded micrornas targets in the genome of cotton leaf curl allahabad virus. | cotton leaf curl allahabad virus (clcuav) belongs to genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae. it has single stranded monopartite dna genome transmitted by whitefly (bemisia tabaci). micrornas (mirnas) belong to class of endogeneous small rnas which suppress expression of genes following cleavage or translational inhibition of target messenger rnas. they are demonstrated to be involved in a number of plant processes such as, development, biotic and abiotic stresses. employing in silico approach, ... | 2014 | 24966530 |
| lack of fitness costs associated with acetamiprid resistance in bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), is a devastating pest that can cause severe damage to a range of crops by direct feeding and by plant virus transmission. because of indiscriminate use of insecticides, this whitefly has developed resistance to several insecticides, including neonicotinoids. our objectives were to determine fitness components affected by acetamiprid resistance in b. tabaci. assay results showed that selection with acetamiprid had removed ... | 2012 | 22928322 |
| comparative study of the five biological parameters of cotton whitefly bemisia tabaci and silverleaf whitefly b. argentifolii bellows and perring reared on cotton under laboratory condition. | the five biological parameters of sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (genn.) and silverleaf whitefly bemisia argentifolii bellows and perring (hom: aleyrodidae) as an important pest of cotton were compared on cotton in laboratory condition. the infested leaves containing nymphs and pupae were collected from cotton fields in iran. experiments were conducted in a growth chamber under 24+/-2 degrees c, 55+/-3% rh and 16:8 (l:d) photoperiod on cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. the newly emerged popula ... | 2006 | 17385531 |
| bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b colonization on okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton strains and cultivars. | we compared smooth-leaf okra- and normal-leaf upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) strains and cultivars for susceptibility to colonization by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b. experiments were conducted at seven field sites, five at holtville, ca, and two at maricopa, az, during 1996-2000. okra-leaf strains and cultivars, as a group, had lower numbers of adults, eggs, and nymphs compared with normal-leaf strains and cultivars indicating the potential of okra-leaf genetic traits for reducin ... | 2002 | 12216814 |
| protease inhibitors of manduca sexta expressed in transgenic cotton. | to explore the effectiveness of insect derived protease inhibitors in protecting plants against insect feeding, anti-trypsin, anti-chymotrypsin and anti-elastase protease inhibitor (pi) genes from manduca sexta l. were expressed in transgenic cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). from 198 independent transformants, 35 elite lines were further analyzed. under the control of the 35s promoter of camv, pi accumulated to approximately 0.1% of total protein, depending on the tissue analyzed. using cell-flow ... | 1995 | 24186707 |
| high performance liquid chromatography analysis of carbohydrates of cotton-phloem sap and of honeydew produced by bemisia tabaci feeding on cotton. | phloem sap from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was collected from young and mature leaves by the aphid-stylet technique. exudate was analyzed for carbohydrates by hplc using sensitive pulsed amperometric detection. the predominant carbohydrate present (>90%) was identified as sucrose. a second, unidentified compound that was not one of the more commonly translocated sugars was detected in mature leaves. carbohydrates in honeydew produced by the sweet-potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci [genn.]) feed ... | 1992 | 16668706 |
| analyzing blends of herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds with factor analysis: revisiting "cotton plant, gossypium hirsutum l., defense in response to nitrogen fertilization". | many herbivorous, predaceous, and parasitic insects use constitutive and herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds (vocs) to locate their respective host plant, prey, and hosts. multivariate statistical tools (e.g., factor analysis) are recognized increasingly as an appropriate approach for analyzing intercorrelated data such as presence/absence or quantities of vocs. one challenge of implementing factor analysis is determining how many new variables (factors) to retain in the final analysis. ... | 2013 | 23786100 |
| cotton plant, gossypium hirsutum l., defense in response to nitrogen fertilization. | plants respond to insect herbivory by producing dynamic changes in an array of defense-related volatile and nonvolatile secondary metabolites. a scaled response relative to herbivory levels and nutrient availability would be adaptive, particularly under nutrient-limited conditions, in minimizing the costs of expressed defensive pathways and synthesis. in this study, we investigated effects of varying nitrogen (n) fertilization (42, 112, 196, and 280 ppm n) on levels of cotton plant (gossypium hi ... | 2008 | 19020938 |
| effects of drought stressed cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., on beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), oviposition, and larval feeding preferences and growth. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), has been anecdotally reported to oviposit more on drought stressed than on nonstressed cotton plants. using potted cotton plants in cages, this study demonstrated that beet armyworms deposited 3.3, 4.6, and 2.3 times more (p < or = 0.05) eggs on cotton plants that were grown on 1500, 1000, and 750 ml water/wk, respectively, than on cotton plants grown in well watered (4000 ml water/wk) soil. third instars, however, showed no preference for stressed ... | 2003 | 14584672 |
| spodoptera exigua oviposition and larval feeding preferences for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus, over squaring cotton, gossypium hirsutum, and a comparison of free amino acids in each host plant. | the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), can utilize a number of different host plants for oviposition and larval development, but some host plants are preferred over others. this study, using cage choice tests and olfactometer assays, demonstrates the beet armyworm's preference for pigweed, amaranthus hybridus l., over cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. cage and olfactometer choice assays indicated that olfaction plays an important role in host selection by ovipositing females. first instars e ... | 2001 | 11710608 |
| de novo biosynthesis of volatiles induced by insect herbivory in cotton plants. | in response to insect feeding on the leaves, cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants release elevated levels of volatiles, which can serve as a chemical signal that attracts natural enemies of the herbivore to the damaged plant. pulse-labeling experiments with [13c]co2 demonstrated that many of the volatiles released, including the acyclic terpenes (e,e)-[alpha]-farnesene, (e)-[beta]-farnesene, (e)-[beta]-ocimene, linalool, (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and (e/e)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tri ... | 1997 | 12223763 |
| ethylene-induced fine structure alterations in cotton and sugarbeet radicle cells. | electron microscopic examination of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) radicles subjected to ethylene at 1, 10, 100 microliters per liter and a saturated ethylene atmosphere showed distinct ultrastructural differences compared to aerobic, control tissue and to anaerobic, nitrogen-treated radicles. short term ethylene treatments of 1 hour induced the formation of cisternal stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum in undifferentiated radicle cells. similar profiles of rou ... | 1977 | 16660025 |
| effects of corn processing method and dietary inclusion of wet distillers grains with solubles on energy metabolism, carbon-nitrogen balance, and methane emissions of cattle. | the growing ethanol industry in the southern great plains has increased the use of wet distillers grains with solubles (wdgs) in beef cattle (bos taurus) finishing diets. few studies have used steam-flaked corn (zea mays l.; sfc)-based diets to evaluate the effects of wdgs in finishing cattle diets, and a reliable estimate of the net energy value of wdgs has yet to be determined. effects of corn processing method and wdgs on energy metabolism, c and n balance, and enteric methane (ch(4)) product ... | 2012 | 22585790 |
| myb80 homologues in arabidopsis, cotton and brassica: regulation and functional conservation in tapetal and pollen development. | the arabidopsis atmyb80 transcription factor regulates genes involved in pollen development and controls the timing of tapetal programmed cell death (pcd). downregulation of atmyb80 expression precedes tapetal degradation. inhibition of atmyb80 expression results in complete male sterility. full-length atmyb80 homologs have been isolated in wheat, rice, barley and canola (c genome). | 2014 | 25311582 |
| feeding and oviposition preference of phyllophaga cuyabana (moser) (coleoptera: melolonthidae) on several crops. | laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out to study food and oviposition preference by phyllophaga cuyabana (moser) on different plant species as cajanus cajan l. (pigeon pea), crotalaria juncea l. (sun hemp), crotalaria spectabilis roth (showy crotalaria), crotalaria ochroleuca g. don (slenderleaf rattlebox), glycine max [l.] merrill (soybean), gossypium hirsutum l. (cotton), helianthus annuus l. (sunflower), stizolobium aterrimum [mucuna aterrima] piper tracey (velvetbean) and zea ... | 2007 | 18060303 |
| molecular cloning of a dehydration-responsive protein gene (mrd22) from mulberry, and determination of abiotic stress patterns of mrd22 gene expression. | a full-length cdna sequence coding for dehydration-responsive protein gene of mulberry tree, which we designated was mrd22 (genbank accession number: jq804833) was cloned based on mulberry expressed sequence tags (ests). mrd22 is 1503 bp long, contains a 334 bp 5'-utr (untranslated region) and a 563 bp 3'-utr, encodes 201 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 54.28 kda and an isoelectric point of 9.35. phylogenetic analysis based on mrd22 sequences from different species showed that m ... | 2015 | 25895340 |
| urease from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seeds: isolation, physicochemical characterization, and antifungal properties of the protein. | ureases (ec 3.5.1.5) are metalloenzymes that hydrolyze urea to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide these enzymes, which are found in fungi, bacteria, and plants, show very similar structures. despite an abundance of urease in vegetal tissues, the physiological role of this enzyme in plants is still poorly understood. it has been previously described that ureases from the legumes jackbean ( canavalia ensiformis) and soybean ( glycine max) have insecticidal activity and antifungal properties. this ... | 2008 | 18494485 |
| low salt petroleum produced water reuse: a farming alternative outside the food chain. | oil and gas production gives rise to water production depending on the state of maturation of the field. this means large volumes of water available. today, this water is partly re-injected into the reservoir. totalfinaelf's sustainable contribution to preserve water resources is to propose an alternative utilization: the reuse of produced waters from petroleum activities, outside the food chain. the aim of the first part of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing low-salt wate ... | 2004 | 15344784 |
| carcass merit and meat quality in suffolk lambs, katahdin lambs, and meat-goat kids finished on a grass-legume pasture with and without supplementation. | the experiment evaluated traditional u.s. sheep (suffolk), hair sheep (katahdin), and meat goat (boer crossbred; goat) carcass and meat quality parameters when finished on pasture with and without supplemental whole cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum l.). supplemented animals had greater ribeye area (p<0.01), body wall thickness (p<0.001), and lean quality score (p<0.05) than unsupplemented animals. whole cottonseed increased fatty acids (fa) 18:1 trans-10, 18:1 trans-12, 18:2, and omega6:omega3 rat ... | 2014 | 24971809 |
| phytosanitary irradiation of liriomyza trifolii (diptera: agromyzidae). | agromyzid leafminers are economic and quarantine pests of a variety of vegetables, flowers, and ornamental foliage. methyl bromide fumigation is often used as a phytosanitary treatment when quarantined agromyzids are found in shipped commodities; alternative treatments are sought. ionizing radiation is a viable alternative that is increasing in use worldwide. a dose of 400 gy is accepted by usda-aphis for all insects (except lepidoptera pupae and adults) on all commodities. efforts to lower this ... | 2011 | 22299344 |
| structural determinants for plant annexin-membrane interactions. | the interactions of two plant annexins, annexin 24(ca32) from capsicum annuum and annexin gh1 from gossypium hirsutum, with phospholipid membranes have been characterized using liposome-based assays and adsorption to monolayers. these two plant annexins show a preference for phosphatidylserine-containing membranes and display a membrane binding behavior with a half-maximum calcium concentration in the sub-millimolar range. surprisingly, the two plant annexins also display calcium-independent mem ... | 2005 | 16331990 |
| variation among species in the temperature dependence of the reappearance of variable fluorescence following illumination. | the relationship between the thermal dependence of the reappearance of chlorophyll variable fluorescence following illumination and temperature dependence of the apparent michaelis constant (k(m)) of nadh hydroxypyruvate reductase for nadh was investigated in cool and warm season plant species. brancker sf-20 and sf-30 fluorometers were used to evaluate induced fluorescence transients from detached leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv tam-101), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv paymaster 145) ... | 1990 | 16667518 |
| effect of altered sink: source ratio on photosynthetic metabolism of source leaves. | when seven crop species were grown under identical environmental conditions, decreased sink:source ratio led to a decreased photosynthetic rate within 1 to 3 days in cucumis sativus l., gossypium hirsutum l., and raphanus sativus l., but not in capsicum annuum l., solanum melongena l., phaseolus vulgaris l., or ricinus communis l. the decrease was not associated with stomatal closure. in cotton and cucumber, sink removal led to an increase in starch and sugar content, in glucose 6-phosphate and ... | 1987 | 16665777 |
| ethylene: response of fruit dehiscence to co(2) and reduced pressure. | these studies were conducted to determine whether ethylene serves as a natural regulator of fruit wall dehiscence, a major visible feature of ripening in some fruits. we employed treatments to inhibit ethylene action or remove ethylene and observed their effect on fruit dehiscence. co(2) (13%), a competitive inhibitor of ethylene action in many systems, readily delayed dehiscence of detached fruits of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), pecan (carya illinoensis [wang.] k. koch), and okra (hibiscus e ... | 1972 | 16658260 |
| ethylene: role in fruit abscission and dehiscence processes. | two peaks of ethylene production occur during the development of cotton fruitz (gossypium hirsutum l.). these periods precede the occurrence of young fruit shedding and mature fruit dehiscence, both of which are abscission phenomena and the latter is generally assumed to be part of the total ripening process. detailed study of the dehiscence process revealed that ethylene production of individual, attached cotton fruits goes through a rising, cyclic pattern which reaches a maximum prior to dehis ... | 1972 | 16658259 |
| formation of tetrahydrocurcumin by reduction of curcumin with cultured plant cells of marchantia polymorpha. | cultured plant cells of marchantia polymorpha, nicotiana tabacum, phytolacca americana, catharanthus roseus, and gossypium hirsutum were examined for their ability to reduce curcumin. only m. polymorpha cells converted curcumin into tetrahydrocurcumin in 90% yield in one day. time-course experiment revealed a two-step formation of tetrahydrocurcumin via dihydrocurcumin. | 2012 | 22574459 |
| is nectar reabsorption restricted by the stalk cells of floral and extrafloral nectary trichomes? | reabsorption is a phase of nectar dynamics that occurs concurrently with secretion; it has been described in floral nectaries that exude nectar through stomata or unicellular trichomes, but has not yet been recorded in extrafloral glands. apparently, nectar reabsorption does not occur in multicellular secretory trichomes (mst) due to the presence of lipophilic impregnations - which resemble casparian strips - in the anticlinal walls of the stalk cells. it has been assumed that these impregnation ... | 2015 | 24987788 |
| preference of a polyphagous mirid bug, apolygus lucorum (meyer-dür) for flowering host plants. | apolygus lucorum (meyer-dür) (hemiptera: miridae) is one of the most important herbivores in a broad range of cultivated plants, including cotton, cereals, vegetables, and fruit crops in china. in this manuscript, we report on a 6-year long study in which (adult) a. lucorum abundance was recorded on 174 plant species from 39 families from early july to mid-september. through the study period per year, the proportion of flowering plants exploited by adult a. lucorum was significantly greater than ... | 2013 | 23874835 |
| relative fitness of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on seven host plants: a perspective for ipm in brazil. | the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is a widespread pest of many cultivated and wild plants in europe, africa, asia, and australia. in 2013, this species was reported in brazil, attacking various host crops in the midwestern and northeastern regions of the country and is now found countrywide. aiming to understand the effects of different host plants on the life cycle of h. armigera, we selected seven species of host plants that mature in different seasons ... | 2016 | 26798139 |
| light-dependent emission of hydrogen sulfide from plants. | with the aid of a sulfur-specific flame photometric detector, an emission of volatile sulfur was detected from leaves of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), squash and pumpkin (cucurbita pepo l.), cantaloupe (cucumis melo l.), corn (zea mays l.), soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the emission was studied in detail in squash and pumpkin. it occurred following treatment of the roots of plants with sulfate and was markedly higher from either detached leaves treated via ... | 1978 | 16660257 |
| opening of the hypocotyl hook in seedlings as influenced by light and adjacent tissues. | the influence of the cotyledons and apical bud and the root system on the light-induced opening of the hypocotyl hook of etiolated seedlings of gossypium hirsutum l., phaseolus vulgaris l., helianthus annuus l., ipomoea alla l., ipomoea sp., cucumis sativus l., linum usitatissimum l., hibiscus esculentus l., and raphanus sativus l. was studied. light stimulated the opening of hypocotyl hook in all cases, but the cotyledons and roots had different effects in different plants. generally, the prese ... | 1980 | 24309708 |
| performance of the striped mealybug ferrisia virgata cockerell (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) under variable conditions of temperature and mating. | mealybugs have strong associations with their host plants due to their limitations for dispersal. thus, environmental conditions and host quality may impact the biological traits of mealybugs. to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report on the biology of a brazilian population of the striped mealybug ferrisia virgata cockerell (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), which has recently been reported to infest cotton in brazil. we evaluated the development and reproductive performance of f. virg ... | 2014 | 27193398 |
| cysteine protease enhances plant-mediated bollworm rna interference. | oral ingestion of plant-expressed double stranded rna (dsrna) triggers target gene suppression in insect. an important step of this process is the transmission of dsrna from plant to midgut cells. insect peritrophic matrix (pm) presents a barrier that prevents large molecules from entering midgut cells. here, we show that uptake of plant cysteine proteases, such as ghcp1 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and atcp2 from arabidopsis, by cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) larvae resulted in atte ... | 2013 | 23460027 |
| ovipositional response of threeheliothis species (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to allelochemicals from cultivated and wild host plants. | the role of plant allelochemicals on the oviposition behavior ofheliothis virescens (f.),h. subflexa (guenee), andh. zea (boddie) was investigated in the laboratory using a "choice" bioassay system. fresh young leaves of tobacco,desmodium tortuosum (swartz) de candolle, groundcherry (physalis angulata l.), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) squares (flower buds) were washed in methylene chloride or methanol, concentrated to 1 g equivalent of washed material, and applied to a cloth oviposition su ... | 1990 | 24263986 |
| selectivity of pesticides used on cotton (gossypium hirsutum) to trichogramma pretiosum reared on two laboratory-reared hosts. | the side-effects of pesticides (insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators) used on cotton were tested on adults and pupae of trichogramma pretiosum riley reared in the laboratory on two different hosts, the angoumois grain moth (sitotroga cerealella olivier) and the mediterranean flour moth (ephestia kuehniella (zeller)). the eggs of the host enclosing the parasitoid pupae received direct pesticide sprays, while the adults of the parasitoid were exposed to the pesticides t ... | 2006 | 16308868 |
| gradients of intercellular co(2) levels across the leaf mesophyll. | most current photosynthesis models, and interpretations of many wholeleaf co(2) gas exchange measurements, are based on the often unstated assumption that the partial pressure of co(2) is nearly uniform throughout the airspaces of the leaf mesophyll. here we present measurements of co(2) gradients across amphistomatous leaves allowed to assimilate co(2) through only one surface, thus simulating hypostomatous leaves. we studied five species: eucalyptus pauciflora sieb. ex spreng., brassica chinen ... | 1988 | 16666027 |
| simultaneous growth and emission measurements demonstrate an interactive control of methanol release by leaf expansion and stomata. | emission from plants is a major source of atmospheric methanol. growing tissues contribute most to plant-generated methanol in the atmosphere, but there is still controversy over biological and physico-chemical controls of methanol emission. methanol as a water-soluble compound is thought to be strongly controlled by gas-phase diffusion (stomatal conductance), but growth rate can follow a different diurnal rhythm from that of stomatal conductance, and the extent to which the emission control is ... | 2007 | 17374874 |
| responses of neonicotinoid-resistant and susceptible frankliniella fusca life stages to multiple insecticide groups in cotton. | detection of neonicotinoid resistance in populations of tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca hinds, throughout the southeastern us has motivated an examination of alternative insecticides to control problematic infestations on seedling cotton. the objective of this study was to refine understanding of stage-specific mortality and reduced oviposition of several common insecticides (acephate, abamectin, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, imidacloprid, imidacloprid + thiodicarb, thiamethoxam) on neonicot ... | 2017 | 28401732 |
| frankliniella fusca resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides: an emerging challenge for cotton pest management in the eastern united states. | over the past two decades, neonicotinoid seed treatments have become the primary method to manage tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca hinds, on seedling cotton. because this insect is highly polyphagous and the window of insecticide exposure is short, neonicotinoid resistance was expected to pose a minimal risk. however, reports of higher than expected f. fusca seedling damage in seed-treated cotton fields throughout the mid-south and southeast us production regions suggested neonicotinoid resis ... | 2016 | 26775623 |
| sequential sampling plan of anthonomus grandis (coleoptera: curculionidae) in cotton plants. | the boll weevil, anthonomus grandis grandis boheman (coleoptera: curculionidae), is one of the most important pests of cotton production worldwide. the objective of this work was to develop a sequential sampling plan for the boll weevil. the studies were conducted in maracaju, ms, brazil, in two seasons with cotton cultivar fm 993. a 10,000-m2 area of cotton was subdivided into 100 of 10- by 10-m plots, and five plants per plot were evaluated weekly, recording the number of squares with feeding ... | 2017 | 28334212 |
| cotton defense induction patterns under spatially, temporally and quantitatively varying herbivory levels. | in its defense against herbivores, cotton (gossypium sp.) relies in part on the production of a set of inducible, non-volatile terpenoids. under uniform damage levels, in planta allocation of induced cotton terpenoids has been found to be highest in youngest leaves, supporting assumptions of the optimal defense theory (odt) which predicts that plants allocate defense compounds to tissues depending on their value and the likelihood of herbivore attack. however, our knowledge is limited on how var ... | 2017 | 28270830 |
| lightweight males of podisus nigrispinus (heteroptera: pentatomidae) neglect lightweight females due low reproductive fitness. | sexual choice by male stink bugs is important because females that experience food shortages lay fewer eggs with lower viability compared with well-fed females. in this study, we investigated whether podisus nigrispinus (dallas) (heteroptera: pentatomidae) males fed with a low-quality diet during its nymphal stage show selectivity for sexual partners resulting in high-quality progeny. lightweight males and females were obtained from nymphs fed weekly with tenebrio molitor l. (coleoptera: tenebri ... | 2016 | 27599098 |
| monopodial and sympodial branching architecture in cotton is differentially regulated by the gossypium hirsutum single flower truss and self-pruning orthologs. | domestication of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) converted it from a lanky photoperiodic perennial to a day-neutral annual row-crop. residual perennial traits, however, complicate irrigation and crop management, and more determinate architectures are desired. cotton simultaneously maintains robust monopodial indeterminate shoots and sympodial determinate shoots. we questioned if and how the flowering locus t/single flower truss (sft)-like and terminal flower1/self-pruning (sp)-like genes cont ... | 2016 | 27292411 |
| resistance to glufosinate is proportional to phosphinothricin acetyltransferase expression and activity in libertylink(®) and widestrike(®) cotton. | insertion of the gene encoding phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (pat) has resulted in cotton plants resistant to the herbicide glufosinate. however, the lower expression and commensurate reduction in pat activity is a key factor in the low level of injury observed in the widestrike(®) cotton and relatively high level of resistance observed in libertylink(®) cotton. libertylink(®) cotton cultivars are engineered for glufosinate resistance by overexpressing the bar gene that encodes phosphinothr ... | 2016 | 26733464 |
| dirigent proteins from cotton (gossypium sp.) for the atropselective synthesis of gossypol. | gossypol is a defense compound in cotton plants for protection against pests and pathogens. gossypol biosynthesis involves the oxidative coupling of hemigossypol and results in two atropisomers owing to hindered rotation around the central binaphthyl bond. (+)-gossypol predominates in vivo, thus suggesting stereochemically controlled biosynthesis. the aim was to identify the factors mediating (+)-gossypol formation in cotton and to investigate their potential for asymmetric biaryl synthesis. a d ... | 2015 | 26460165 |
| novosphingobium gossypii sp. nov., isolated from gossypium hirsutum. | a gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (strain jm-1396(t)) producing a yellow pigment, was isolated from the healthy internal stem tissue of post-harvest cotton (gossypium hirsutum, cultivar 'des-119') grown at the plant breeding unit at the e.v. smith research center in tallassee (macon county), al, usa. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis of strain jm-1396(t) showed high sequence similarity values to the type strains of novosphingobium mathurense, novosphingobium panipatens ... | 2015 | 25985829 |
| frequency and geographical distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes on cotton in georgia. | a survey was conducted to examine the geographical distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in georgia cotton fields. a total of 778 fields in 11 georgia counties were sampled from 1 september through 15 december 1995. four nematode genera parasitic on cotton were found in this survey: meloidogyne spp., rotylenchulus sp., hoplolaimus sp., and belonolaimus sp. meloidogyne spp. was present in 9% to 56% of the fields in individual counties. rotylenchulus sp. was found in 10 counties, hoplolaimus s ... | 1996 | 19277192 |
| response of leaf ontogeny and photosynthetic activity to reproductive growth in cotton. | this study was conducted to determine if reproductive growth in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) affects concurrent leaf development. apparent photosynthesis (ap), stomatal conductance (cs), soluble protein (sp), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), and chlorophyll (chl) were monitored in four main-stem cotton leaves which emerged at approximately 2 week intervals. the leaf which emerged during vegetative growth (48 days after planting) had higher ap, sp, and rubisco levels than that prese ... | 1988 | 16666118 |
| abscisic acid accumulation in cotton leaves in response to dehydration at high pressure. | pressure-volume techniques were utilized to examine the control of abscisic acid (aba) accumulation in dehydrated cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv tamcot sp 37) leaves. leaves were rapidly dehydrated in a pressure chamber to a balance pressure coincident with the loss of cellular turgor, and then the pressure was either maintained at that level or released. rapid accumulation of aba began within two hours after the balance pressure was achieved, whether or not the high pressure potential of the ... | 1983 | 16662842 |
| partial life history of chrysodeixis includens (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on summer hosts. | the soybean looper, chrysodeixis includens (walker) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is a major defoliating pest of soybeans, glycine max (l.) merrill, in louisiana. however, other alternate host crops in the agroecosystem have the potential to impact c. includens populations. life table statistics of c. includens on four host plants were evaluated. c. includens larvae were fed leaves of three cotton gossypium hirsutum l. cultivars 'dp 143 b2rf,' 'dp 174 rf,' and 'phy 485 wrf'; cowpea vigna unguiculata ... | 2016 | 27375294 |
| evolution of gene duplication in plants. | ancient duplication events and a high rate of retention of extant pairs of duplicate genes have contributed to an abundance of duplicate genes in plant genomes. these duplicates have contributed to the evolution of novel functions, such as the production of floral structures, induction of disease resistance, and adaptation to stress. additionally, recent whole-genome duplications that have occurred in the lineages of several domesticated crop species, including wheat (triticum aestivum), cotton ... | 2016 | 27288366 |
| synthesis of resveratrol glycosides by cultured plant cells. | incubation of cultured cells of glycine max with trans-resveratrol gave its 3-o-beta-d- and 4'-o-beta-d-glucosides. cultured gossypium hirsutum cells glycosylated trans-resveratrol to its 3-o-beta-d-, 4'-o-beta-d-, and 3,4'-o-beta-d-diglucosides. on the other hand, trans-resveratrol was converted into cis-resveratrol 4'-o-beta-d-glucoside, together with trans-resveratrol 3-o-beta-d-glucoside and trans-resveratrol 4'-o-beta-d-glucoside, by eucalyptus perriniana. | 2013 | 23980421 |
| fate and efficacy of metolachlor granular and emulsifiable concentrate formulations in a conservation tillage system. | use of genetically modified cultivars resistant to the herbicide glyphosate (n-phosphonomethylglycine) is strongly associated with conservation-tillage (cst) management for maize ( zea mays l.), soybean ( glycine max l.), and cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivation. due to the emergence of glyphosate-resistant weed biotypes, alternate weed management practices are needed to sustain cst use. this work focused on metolachlor use (2-chloro-n-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-n-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)a ... | 2010 | 20836497 |
| soybean looper (lepidoptera: noctuidae) oviposition on cotton and soybean of different growth stages: influence of olfactory stimuli. | soybean looper, pseudoplusia includens (walker), oviposition in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., and soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., of various stages of plant phenological development was evaluated in field cages in 1994, 1995, and 1996. overall, females preferred to oviposit on soybean over cotton when both crops were compared in vegetative or prebloom stages, when both crops were blooming, and when soybean was blooming or in early pod stage compared with prebloom cotton. females preferred to d ... | 2002 | 12020002 |
| characterization and expression of chitinase and 1,3-beta-glucanase genes in cotton. | we have isolated cdna clones representing mrnas encoding chitinase and 1,3-beta-glucanase in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves. the chitinase clones were sequenced and found to encode a 28,806 da protein with 71% amino acid sequence similarity to the sk2 chitinase from potato (solanum tuberosum). the 1,3-beta-glucanase clones encoded a 37,645 da protein with 57.6% identity to a 1,3-beta-glucanase from soybean (glycine max). northern blot analyses showed that chitinase mrna is induced in plan ... | 1996 | 8806421 |
| site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean and susceptible-cotton photomixotrophic cell suspension cultures. | studies were conducted to determine the herbicidal site of clomazone action in tolerant-soybean (glycine max [l.] merr. cv corsoy) (sb-m) and susceptible-cotton (gossypium hirsutum [l.] cv stoneville 825) (cot-m) photomixotrophic cell suspension cultures. although a 10 micromolar clomazone treatment did not significantly reduce the terpene or mixed terpenoid content (microgram per gram fresh weight) of the sb-m cell line, there was over a 70% reduction in the chlorophyll (chl), carotenoid (car), ... | 1990 | 16667768 |
| a novel metabolic form of the 32 kda-d1 protein in the grana-localized reaction center of photosystem ii. | two forms of the 32 kda-d1 reaction center protein of photosystem ii (psii), having slightly different mobilities on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, have been resolved in spirodela oligorrhiza, glycine max l., gossypium hirsutum l., triticum aestivum l., and zea mays l. the protein band with faster mobility is identified as the 32 kda-d1 protein, and the less mobile band as a novel form, designated 32*. the two forms are structurally similar based on immunological and partial proteolytic tests. ... | 1990 | 2203777 |
| a vapor pressure deficit effect on crop canopy photosynthesis. | canopy co2-exchange rates (cer), air temperatures, and dew points were measured throughout ten days during the 1987 growing season for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), grain sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l) moench], and five soybean [glycine max (l) merr.] cultivars, and throughout seven days in 1988, on maize (zea maize l.). the objective was to determine if the decline in cer per unit light during the afternoon is associated with a vapor pressure deficit (vpd) increase. some of the soybean and maiz ... | 1990 | 24419762 |
| photosynthetic carbon metabolism in photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures grown at low and high co(2). | photosynthetic carbon metabolism was characterized in four photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures. there was no apparent difference between two soybean (glycine max) and one cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cell line which required 5% co(2) for growth, and a unique cotton cell line that grows at ambient co(2) (660 microliters per liter). photosynthetic characteristics in all four lines were more like c(3) mesophyll leaf cells than the cell suspension cultures previously studied. the pattern of (14 ... | 1989 | 16667210 |
| temporal and spatial variation in palatability of soybean and cotton leaves following wounding. | leaves of soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) were mechanically damaged with a single hole and offered to spodoptera littoralis boisd (lep., noctuidae) larvae in laboratory bioassays at intervals of between 0 and 7 days from damage. the subsequent within-leaf grazing patterns of damaged and undamaged areas were compared using an image-analysing computer, and estimations were made by eye of percentage, areas grazed at three spatial scales. reduction in palatability ... | 1989 | 28313487 |
| modeling the impact of ozone x drought interactions on regional crop yields. | the influence of soil moisture stress on crop sensitivity to o3 was evaluated for corn (zea mays l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), soybean (glycine max l. merr.), and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the united states. this assessment was accomplished by using yield forecasting models to estimate the influence of soil moisture deficits on regional yield and a previously developed model to predict moisture stress x o3 interactions. reduced crop sensitivity to o3 was predicted for those re ... | 1988 | 15092561 |
| plant cell suspension cultures as model systems for investigating growth regulating compounds. | several plant growth regulators were investigated for their activity in cell suspension cultures of glycine max, gossypium hirsutum and zea mays. the effect on the growth of the cell cultures was traced by means of cell counting and determining packed cell volume and turbidity of the suspensions. the growth retardant 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,4,5,9,10-pentaaza-tetracyclo-5,4,10(2,6) ,0(8,11)-dodeca-3,9-diene (nda) and, to a slightly lesser extent, ancymidol proved to be the compounds with the greates ... | 1982 | 24257776 |
| distribution and development of nitrate reductase activity in germinating cotton seedlings. | activity of nitrate reductase in roots and cotyledons of cotton seedings (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. deltapine 16) increased rapidly on germination, reaching a maximum after 1 day of imbibition. thereafter, activity declined until emergence and greening of the cotyledons, when it again began to increase steadily. germinating soybean (glycine max (l.) merrill cv. merit) and sunflower (helianthus annuus l. cv. peredovic) seedlings did not show the early peak of activity. the early peak depended on ... | 1974 | 16658724 |
| genomic insights into divergence and dual domestication of cultivated allotetraploid cottons. | cotton has been cultivated and used to make fabrics for at least 7000 years. two allotetraploid species of great commercial importance, gossypium hirsutum and gossypium barbadense, were domesticated after polyploidization and are cultivated worldwide. although the overall genetic diversity between these two cultivated species has been studied with limited accessions, their population structure and genetic variations remain largely unknown. | 2017 | 28219438 |
| genome-wide identification of the tify gene family in three cultivated gossypium species and the expression of jaz genes. | tify proteins are plant-specific proteins containing tify, jaz, ppd and zml subfamilies. a total of 50, 54 and 28 members of the tify gene family in three cultivated cotton species-gossypium hirsutum, gossypium barbadense and gossypium arboretum-were identified, respectively. the results of phylogenetic analysis showed that these tify genes were divided into eight clusters. the different clusters of gene family members often have similar gene structures, including the number of exons. the result ... | 2017 | 28186193 |
| genome-wide divergence, haplotype distribution and population demographic histories for gossypium hirsutum and gossypium barbadense as revealed by genome-anchored snps. | use of 10,129 singleton snps of known genomic location in tetraploid cotton provided unique opportunities to characterize genome-wide diversity among 440 gossypium hirsutum and 219 g. barbadense cultivars and landrace accessions of widespread origin. using the snps distributed genome-wide, we examined genetic diversity, haplotype distribution and linkage disequilibrium patterns in the g. hirsutum and g. barbadense genomes to clarify population demographic history. diversity and identity-by-state ... | 2017 | 28128280 |
| quantitative trait loci analysis of verticillium wilt resistance in interspecific backcross populations of gossypium hirsutum × gossypium barbadense. | verticillium wilt (vw) caused by verticillium dahliae (kleb) is one of the most destructive diseases of cotton. the identification of highly resistant qtls or genes in the whole cotton genome is quite important for developing a vw-resistant variety and for further molecular design breeding. | 2016 | 27814678 |
| spatio-temporal, genotypic, and environmental effects on plant soluble protein and digestible carbohydrate content: implications for insect herbivores with cotton as an exemplar. | plant soluble protein and digestible carbohydrate content significantly affect insect herbivore fitness, but studies reporting plant protein and carbohydrate content are rare. instead, the elements nitrogen and carbon often are used as surrogates for plant protein and digestible carbohydrate content, respectively. however, this is problematic for two reasons. first, carbon is found in all organic molecules, which precludes strong correlations with ecologically important dietary macronutrients (e ... | 2016 | 27738861 |
| identification of chromosome segment substitution lines of gossypium barbadense introgressed in g. hirsutum and quantitative trait locus mapping for fiber quality and yield traits. | chromosome segment substitution lines mbi9804, mbi9855, mbi9752, and mbi9134, which were obtained by advanced backcrossing and continuously inbreeding from an interspecific cross between ccri36, a cultivar of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) as the recurrent parent, and hai1, a cultivar of sea island cotton (g. barbadense) as the donor parent, were used to construct a multiple parent population of (mbi9804×mbi9855)×(mbi9752×mbi9134). the segregating generations of double-crossed f1 and f2 and ... | 2016 | 27603312 |
| genetic effects and heterosis of yield and yield component traits based on gossypium barbadense chromosome segment substitution lines in two gossypium hirsutum backgrounds. | we hybridized 10 chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls) each from two cssl populations and produced 50 f1 hybrids according to north carolina design ii. we analyzed the genetic effects and heterosis of yield and yield components in the f1 hybrids and parents in four environments via the additive-dominance genetic model. yield and yield components of the cssls were controlled by combined additive and dominance effects, and lint percentage was mainly controlled by additive effects, but boll ... | 2016 | 27348815 |
| independent domestication of two old world cotton species. | domesticated cotton species provide raw material for the majority of the world's textile industry. two independent domestication events have been identified in allopolyploid cotton, one in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and the other to egyptian cotton (gossypium barbadense l.). however, two diploid cotton species, gossypium arboreum l. and gossypium herbaceum l., have been cultivated for several millennia, but their status as independent domesticates has long been in question. using geno ... | 2016 | 27289095 |
| a comparative transcriptome analysis of two sets of backcross inbred lines differing in lint-yield derived from a gossypium hirsutum × gossypium barbadense population. | upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is the most important fiber crop, and its lint-yield improvement is impeded due to its narrow genetic base and the lack of understanding of the genetic basis of yield. backcross inbred lines (bils) or near-isogenic lines (nils) in the same genetic background differing in lint yield, developed through advanced backcrossing, provide an important genomic resource to study the molecular genetic basis of lint yield. in the present study, a high-yield (hy) group a ... | 2016 | 27256327 |
| to be a flower or fruiting branch: insights revealed by mrna and small rna transcriptomes from different cotton developmental stages. | the architecture of the cotton plant, including fruit branch formation and flowering pattern, is the most important characteristic that directly influences light exploitation, yield and cost of planting. nulliplex branch is a useful phenotype to study cotton architecture. we used rna sequencing to obtain mrna and mirna profiles from nulliplex- and normal-branch cotton at three developmental stages. the differentially expressed genes (degs) and mirnas were identified that preferentially/specifica ... | 2016 | 26983497 |
| genetic diversity of the two commercial tetraploid cotton species in the gossypium diversity reference set. | a diversity reference set has been constructed for the gossypium accessions in the us national cotton germplasm collection to facilitate more extensive evaluation and utilization of accessions held in the collection. a set of 105 mapped simple sequence repeat markers was used to study the allelic diversity of 1933 tetraploid gossypium accessions representative of the range of diversity of the improved and wild accessions of g. hirsutum and g. barbadense. the reference set contained 410 g. barbad ... | 2016 | 26774060 |
| breeding potential of introgression lines developed from interspecific crossing between upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and gossypium barbadense: heterosis, combining ability and genetic effects. | upland cotton (gossypium hirstum l.), which produces more than 95% of the world natural cotton fibers, has a narrow genetic base which hinders progress in cotton breeding. introducing germplasm from exotic sources especially from another cultivated tetraploid g. barbadense l. can broaden the genetic base of upland cotton. however, the breeding potential of introgression lines (ils) in upland cotton with g. barbadense germplasm integration has not been well addressed. this study involved six ils ... | 2016 | 26730964 |
| the genome sequence of sea-island cotton (gossypium barbadense) provides insights into the allopolyploidization and development of superior spinnable fibres. | gossypium hirsutum contributes the most production of cotton fibre, but g. barbadense is valued for its better comprehensive resistance and superior fibre properties. however, the allotetraploid genome of g. barbadense has not been comprehensively analysed. here we present a high-quality assembly of the 2.57 gigabase genome of g. barbadense, including 80,876 protein-coding genes. the double-sized genome of the a (or at) (1.50 gb) against d (or dt) (853 mb) primarily resulted from the expansion o ... | 2015 | 26634818 |
| gbexpatr, a species-specific expansin, enhances cotton fibre elongation through cell wall restructuring. | cotton provides us the most important natural fibre. high fibre quality is the major goal of cotton breeding, and introducing genes conferring longer, finer and stronger fibre from gossypium barbadense to gossypium hirsutum is an important breeding strategy. we previously analysed the g. barbadense fibre development mechanism by gene expression profiling and found two homoeologous fibre-specific α-expansins from g. barbadense, gbexpa2 and gbexpatr. gbexpa2 (from the dt genome) is a classical α-e ... | 2016 | 26269378 |
| constructing a high-density linkage map for gossypium hirsutum × gossypium barbadense and identifying qtls for lint percentage. | to introgress the good fiber quality and yield from gossypium barbadense into a commercial upland cotton variety, a high-density simple sequence repeat (ssr) genetic linkage map was developed from a bc1 f1 population of gossypium hirsutum × gossypium barbadense. the map comprised 2,292 loci and covered 5115.16 centimorgan (cm) of the cotton ad genome, with an average marker interval of 2.23 cm. of the marker order for 1,577 common loci on this new map, 90.36% agrees well with the marker order on ... | 2015 | 25263268 |
| characterization of the global transcriptome for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) anther and development of ssr marker. | cotton is an important fiber plant, and it's attractive to elucidate the molecular mechanism of anther development due to the close relationship between the anther fertility and boll-setting, and also fiber yield. in the present paper, 47.2 million paired-end reads with average length of 82.87 bp from the anthers of tm-1 (gossypium hirsutum l.), a genetic standard line, were generated through transcriptome sequencing, and 210,965 unigenes of more than 100 bp were obtained. blast, kegg, cog, and ... | 2014 | 25178523 |
| direct visualization of horizontal gene transfer in cotton plants. | plant mitochondrial and chloroplast genes that underwent horizontal transfer have been identified by parasite and grafting systems, respectively. here, we directly observed 3 horizontal gene transfer (hgt) events in the 45 second axillary shoots of grafted cotton plants (gossypium barbadense and gossypium hirsutum) after extirpating the first axillary bud. the second axillary shoots showed phenotypic variations in cotton flowers and seeds that were evidence of spontaneous development from cells ... | 2014 | 25160847 |
| modulation of reproductive behaviors by non-host volatiles in the polyphagous egyptian cotton leafworm, spodoptera littoralis. | in order to locate mates, food, and oviposition sites, insects mainly rely on volatile cues released by their sexual partners, food sources, and host and non-host plants. calling, mating, and oviposition behaviors, as well as fecundity and longevity, of newly emerged spodoptera littoralis (bois.) moths were recorded in the presence of volatiles from leaves of a host plant, gossypium hirsutum (cotton) and two non-host plants, adhatoda vasica (av) or picea abies (spruce), either alone or in host/n ... | 2013 | 24105603 |
| functional analysis of the seed coat-specific gene gbmyb2 from cotton. | myb transcription factors are essential for cotton fiber development. we isolated the r2r3-myb gene gbmyb2 from gossypium barbadense. rna in situ hybridization analysis showed that gbmyb2 is mainly expressed in the outer integuments of cotton ovules and in elongating fibers. gbmyb2 expression increased throughout fiber initiation and during the elongation stage. the expression level of gbmyb2 was higher in the gossypium hirsutum cultivar xu142 than in the xu142 (fl) mutant. overexpression of gbm ... | 2013 | 24036393 |
| specific response to herbivore-induced de novo synthesized plant volatiles provides reliable information for host plant selection in a moth. | animals depend on reliable sensory information for accurate behavioural decisions. for herbivorous insects it is crucial to find host plants for feeding and reproduction, and these insects must be able to differentiate suitable from unsuitable plants. volatiles are important cues for insect herbivores to assess host plant quality. it has previously been shown that female moths of the egyptian cotton leafworm, spodoptera littoralis (lepidoptera: noctuidae), avoid oviposition on damaged cotton gos ... | 2013 | 23737555 |
| a genetic and metabolic analysis revealed that cotton fiber cell development was retarded by flavonoid naringenin. | the cotton (gossypium spp.) fiber is a unique elongated cell that is useful for investigating cell differentiation. previous studies have demonstrated the importance of factors such as sugar metabolism, the cytoskeleton, and hormones, which are commonly known to be involved in plant cell development, while the secondary metabolites have been less regarded. by mining public data and comparing analyses of fiber from two cotton species (gossypium hirsutum and gossypium barbadense), we found that th ... | 2013 | 23535943 |