| physiology and ecology of the vagina. | the human vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium which has no glands. major components of the vaginal secretions are transudate through the vaginal walls, desquamating epithelial cells, cervical mucus, fluids from the upper genital tract, and leukocytes. estrogens and sexual stimulation are examples of factors which increase vaginal fluid. major organic constituents of the vaginal fluid are proteins, carbohydrates, and fatty acids. organic acids arise as metabolic byproducts of vagina ... | 1983 | 6582587 |
| fecal steroid 21-dehydroxylase, a potential marker for colorectal cancer. | eubacterium lentum and phenotypically similar organisms synthesize a steroid 21-dehydroxylase which converts biliary tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone to pregnanolone. tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, in contrast to pregnanolone, is carcinogenic for hamster embryonic cells (hect test). in patients with recently diagnosed, untreated sigmoidal or rectal cancer the fecal concentration of 21-dehydroxylating organisms is reduced by more than 99% as compared with age-matched controls. the lack of fecal 21-d ... | 1983 | 6603789 |
| an international study of agglutinins to eubacterium, peptostreptococcus and coprococcus species in crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and control subjects. | the world-wide occurrence of agglutinating antibodies to four coccoid anaerobes belonging to eubacterium, peptostreptococcus and coprococcus spp. was investigated in 937 coded sera from patients suffering from crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, various other diseases and from healthy controls. positive results were found in 59% of patients with crohn's disease, 29% of patients with ulcerative colitis, and 8% of both diseased and healthy control subjects. patients with crohn's disease of the co ... | 1983 | 6628839 |
| the effect of lincomycin-neomycin treatment on experimental anaerobic bacterial bovine mastitis. | three healthy lactating quarters of a friesland cow were each experimentally infected with a pure culture of a strain of either bacteroides fragilis, eubacterium lentum or a peptostreptococcus sp. respectively. the onset and progression to clinical mastitis was monitored 12 hourly by examination for clinical signs of inflammation, bacterial culture, somatic cell counts and with a strip cup. all infected quarters developed clinical mastitis within 24 hours. the 2 quarters infected with b. fragili ... | 1983 | 6668573 |
| [anaerobic effect of tinidazol compared with metronidazol, ornidazol, cefoxitin and lamoxactam]. | the in vitro inhibitory activity of tinidazole, metronidazole, ornidazole, cefoxitin and moxalactam was determined against 150 isolates of clinically important anaerobes including bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides bivius and clostridium perfringens by means of agar dilution tests. the members of 18 gramnegative and 14 grampositive species were inhibited by tinidazole at less than or equal to 0,01-8 micrograms/ml thus being without exception susceptible to the drug. a similar in vitro activity wa ... | 1983 | 6676177 |
| [efficacy of tinidazole against anaerobes in comparison with metronidazole, ornidazole, cefoxitin and lamoxactam]. | the in vitro inhibitory activity of tinidazole, metronidazole, ornidazole, cefoxitin and moxalactam was determined against 150 isolates of clinically important anaerobes including bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides bivius and clostridium perfringens by means of agar dilution tests. the members of 18 gramnegative and 14 grampositive species were inhibited by tinidazole at less than or equal to 0,01-8 micrograms/ml thus being without exception susceptible to the drug. a similar in vitro activity wa ... | 1983 | 6681175 |
| controlled evaluation of the effect of atmosphere of incubation on detection of bacteremia and fungemia in supplemented peptone broth. | to evaluate the role of atmosphere of incubation in the detection of clinically important bacteremia and fungemia in adults, we compared the yield of microorganisms from 10,541 paired 5-ml samples of blood incubated aerobically and anaerobically. the medium, supplemented peptone broth (spb) with 0.03% sodium polyanetholesulfonate, and the ratio of blood to broth (1:10) were the same for all cultures. only cultures with adequate blood samples (greater than or equal to 80% of stated volume) were c ... | 1982 | 6752184 |
| formation of ursodeoxycholic acid from chenodeoxycholic acid by a 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-elaborating eubacterium aerofaciens strain cocultured with 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-elaborating organisms. | a gram-positive, anaerobic, chain-forming, rod-shaped anaerobe (isolate g20-7) was isolated from normal human feces. this organism was identified by cellular morphology as well as fermentative and biochemical data as eubacterium aerofaciens. when isolate g20-7 was grown in the presence of bacteroides fragilis or escherichia coli (or another 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase producer) and chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid produced. time course curves revealed that 3 alpha-hydroxy-7-k ... | 1982 | 6758698 |
| loss of tritium from coprostanone derived from [1,2(n)-3h]cholesterol or [7(n)-3h]cholesterol. | after oral administration of a mixture of [1,2(n)-3h]cholesterol and [4-14c]cholesterol to a baboon, fecal coprostanone had a 46% lower 3h/14c ratio than the dose administered. loss of 3h by enolization of the 3-ketone could account for the decrease in 3h/14c. if [7(n)-3h]cholesterol was administered instead of [1,2(n)-3h]cholesterol a 23% loss of 3h from coprostanone was found. procedures requiring measurement of 3h-coprostanone derived from [1,2(n)-3h]- or [7(n)-3h]cholesterol could be serious ... | 1980 | 6770018 |
| biochemical characterization of cholesterol-reducing eubacterium. | we characterized two isolates of cholesterol-reducing eubacterium by conducting conventional biochemical tests and by testing various sterols and glycerolipids as potential growth factors. in media containing cholesterol and plasmenylethanolamine, the tests for nitrate reduction, indole production, and gelatin and starch hydrolyses were negative, and no acid was produced from any of 22 carbohydrates. both isolates hydrolyzed esculin to esculetin, indicating beta-glycosidase activity. in addition ... | 1980 | 6779702 |
| serum antibodies to anaerobic coccoid rods in patients with crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and in medical and nursing staff. | | 1981 | 6779893 |
| inhibitory effect of some intestinal bacteria on liver tumorigenesis in gnotobiotic c3h/he male mice. | liver tumorigenesis in gnotobiotic c3h/he male mice was markedly promoted by association with a bacterial combination of escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, and clostridium paraputrificum. this study demonstrated that this promoting effect was suppressed by addition of certain intestinal bacteria, such as bifidobacterium longum, lactobacillus acidophilus, and eubacterium rectale. | 1980 | 6780184 |
| structural studies of the antigenic polysaccharide of eubacterium saburreum, strain s29. | | 1981 | 6797728 |
| [effect of atrazine, linuron and 2, 4-d amine on various biological properties of a soil sample. ii - laboratory trial]. | | 1981 | 6810409 |
| biosynthesis of vitamin b12. different pathways in some aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. | radioactivity from [1'-14c]riboflavin was incorporated into the 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole moiety of vitamin b12 in the aerobes bacillus megaterium, nocardia rugosa and streptomyces sp. as well as in the aerotolerant anaerobe propionibacterium freudenreichii, but not in the anaerobe eubacterium limosum. as recently published for e. limosum, also in the anaerobe clostridium barkeri radioactivity from [1-14c]glycine and [2-14c]glycine was found in the 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole moiety, but not in th ... | 1982 | 6812527 |
| the significance of eubacterium bacteremia. | eubacterium is a commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract. in rare instances this organism can become blood-borne. nine cases of bacteremia were described and eight cases were found in the medical literature. thirteen of the 17 cases (76%) had active gastrointestinal disease leading to the eubacterium bacteremia. it is suggested that recovery of eubacterium in blood culture should alert the clinician to the possibility of active gastrointestinal disease including occult neoplasms. | 1983 | 6823943 |
| enhancement of the 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity of a gram-positive intestinal anaerobe by flavins. | the addition of flavins to the growth medium specifically enhanced the 7alpha-dehydroxylation of bile acids by anaerobically growing cultures of a eubacterium lentum-like intestinal anaerobe, strain c-25, without an increase in cell growth. the order of the enhancement of the reaction was flavin adenine dinucleotide > flavin mononucleotide >> riboflavin. | 1983 | 6824319 |
| pathology of liver granulomas in turkeys. | liver granulomas from five- and seven-week-old turkeys were studied by light and electron microscopy and by bacterial culture. granulomas of five-week-old poults were composed of a caseous, necrotic center surrounded by consecutive zones of heterophils, giant cells, macrophages, and finally by lymphocytes. tissue gram and modified dieterle stains demonstrated numerous gram-positive, filamentous bacteria in necrotic centers with radial extension of the bacteria to the zone of giant cells. electro ... | 1983 | 6849221 |
| aspiration and lung abscess in cystic fibrosis. | large abscess cavities are not commonly encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). one such patient is reported in whom an abscess developed secondary to aspiration of sand and salt water. material obtained at bronchoscopy revealed anaerobes as well as the aerobic organisms previously cultured from her sputum. rapid improvement occurred after institution of antibiotic therapy specifically directed against the anaerobic organisms. | 1983 | 6859663 |
| penicillin failure in the treatment of bacteroides fragilis lung abscess. experimental study in rabbits. | carbenicillin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, and clindamycin were compared with penicillin for the treatment of lung abscess in an animal model produced by transtracheal inoculation of a mixture of anaerobes: bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus morbillorum, eubacterium lentum and fusobacterium nucleatum. both chloramphenicol and doxycycline eliminated the bacteria but failed to close the abscess cavity. carbenicillin, although it eradicated b. fragilis, failed to close the abscess cavity in 3 of 6 ... | 1983 | 6872619 |
| [serodiagnosis of crohn's disease]. | three serological tests, recommended as being of diagnostic value for crohn's disease, were evaluated in 39 patients with crohn's disease and--as controls--in 27 patients with ulcerative colitis, 45 healthy persons and 65 patients with inflammatory diseases other than crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. the tests were the determination of (1) serum antibodies to pseudomonas-like organisms (plo) by means of indirect immunofluorescence; (2) agglutinating serum antibodies to 4 strains of anaerob ... | 1983 | 6872878 |
| [studies of mixed anaerobic infections involving bacteroides gingivalis]. | the infectiousness of several combinations of bacteria containing bacteroides gingivalis and other bacteria associated with periodontal diseases was evaluated by subcutaneous injection to guinea pigs. among the seven mixtures studied, only one permitted the development of an infection easily transmissible to a second guinea pig; this bacterial mixture was composed of b. gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, eubacterium saburreum, and capnocytophaga ochracea (formerly bacteroides ochraceus). owing ... | 1983 | 6883221 |
| structural studies of the antigenic polysaccharide of eubacterium saburreum, strain t27. | the antigenic polysaccharide produced by eubacterium saburreum, strain t27, is a homoglycan composed of d-glycero-d-galacto-heptose (hep) residues having a nonasaccharide repeating-unit with the structure (leads to 6)-[alpha-hepf-(1 leads to 4)]-beta-hepp-(1) leads to (3)6)-[alpha-hepf-(1 leads to 2), alpha-hepf-(1 leads to 4)]-beta-hepp-(1 leads to. the polysaccharide contains acetyl groups linked to o-2 (except to the 2,4,6-linked heptopyranosyl residue), o-3 and o-7 of part of both heptopyran ... | 1983 | 6883367 |
| heparin degradation by eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species from bovine endometritis. | | 1982 | 6890997 |
| anaerobic prostatic abscess. | | 1980 | 6928548 |
| eubacterium saburreum and veillonella parvula: a symbiotic association or oral strains. | a cocci-filament association was discovered in bacterial cultural studies of a subgingival plaque sample. components were isolated and identified as veillonella parvula and eubacterium saburreum. a e. saburreum cell-associated material consisting of approximately 25% glucose and 70% protein was found which may play a role in the adherence of v. parvula to this filament. acid end product analysis via gas liquid chromatography showed an uptake of lactic and succinic acids by v. parvula resulting i ... | 1981 | 6942153 |
| bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy. | the presence of bacteria in 17 single-rooted teeth, with periapical lesions, was studied throughout a whole period of treatment. the root canals were irrigated with physiologic saline solution during instrumentation. no antibacterial solutions or dressings were used. bacteria were found in all initial specimens from the teeth (median number of bacterial cells 4 x 10(5), range 10(2) - 10(7)) and the number of strains in the specimens ranged from 1 to 10.88% of the strains were anaerobic. the most ... | 1981 | 6947391 |
| transformation of bile acids by eubacterium lentum. | a group of fecal isolates identified as eubacterium lentum elaborated 3 alpha-, 7 alpha-, and 12 alpha-dehydrogenases and also an epimerizing enzyme(s) for the 3 alpha-hydroxy group. the activities of the enzymes, however, were variably manifested according to the kind of bile acid substrate and the oxygen tension under which the reaction occurred. | 1981 | 6947718 |
| characterization of nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases from peptostreptococcus productus and eubacterium aerofaciens. | peptostreptococcus productus strain b-52 (a human fecal isolate) and eubacterium aerofaciens atcc 25986 were found to contain nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteriod dehydrogenase activity. the enzyme was synthesized constitutively by both organisms, and the enzyme yields were suppressed by the addition of 0.5 mm 7 beta-hydroxy bile acid to the growth medium. purification of the enzyme by chromatography resulted in preparations with 3.5 (p. productus b-52, on sephadex g-200) and 1.8 (e. aerofaciens ... | 1982 | 6954878 |
| enhancement of the 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity of a gram-positive intestinal anaerobe by bacteroides and its significance in the 7-dehydroxylation of ursodeoxycholic acid. | the 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of chenodeoxycholic acid (cdca) and cholic acid (ca) by a eubacterium lentum-like intestinal anaerobe was specifically enhanced by the bacteroides present in mixed cultures and also by the addition to the growth medium of cell extracts from the bacteroides. the 7 alpha-dehydroxylating organism also possessed 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, and, in collaboration with a 7 beta-dehydrogenating organism, converted ursodeoxycholic acid (udca) into cdca. larg ... | 1982 | 6960114 |
| the stereospecificity of 3 alpha- and 12 alpha-bile salt hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase systems from four microbial sources. | 5 beta-cholanoates, having a hydroxyl group in the 3 alpha and 3 beta and/or 12 alpha and 12 beta configurations, were tested as substrates for two preparation of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hsdh) and two preparations of 12 alpha-hsdh. when the 3-oh group was in the alpha configuration, both 3 alpha-hsdh preparations reacted, but when it was in the beta configuration, neither 3 alpha-hsdh preparations reacted. this also held true for the 12 alpha-hsdh preparations. | 1982 | 6961034 |
| metabolism of mercapturic acid-pathway metabolites of 2-chloro-n-isopropylacetanilide (propachlor) by gastrointestinal bacteria. | 1. mercapturic acid pathway metabolites of propachlor, labelled with 14c, were incubated with pig caecal contents, small and large intestinal contents, and pure cultures of gastrointestinal bacteria. 2. the glutathione, cysteine, n-acetylcysteine, and the s-oxide of the n-acetylcysteine conjugates of propachlor (2-chloro-n-isopropylacetanilide) were each metabolized by mixed pig caecal micro-organisms to 2-mercapto-n-isopropylacetanilide. 3. the extent of formation of 2-mercapto-n-isopropylaceta ... | 1983 | 6880239 |
| rapid gas-chromatographic method for identification of metabolic products of anaerobic bacteria. | the volatile fatty acids, alcohols, nonvolatile fatty acids, and ketones produced by anaerobes can be separated and identified by using a single type of gas-chromatographic column. a rapid and simple procedure is described. | 1980 | 6989858 |
| microorganisms associated with abscesses of sheep and goats in the south of iran. | a total of 86 abscesses (45 and 41) abscesses of sheep and goats, respectively) were examined for their causal agents; 44 of these abscesses were located subcutaneously, and the remaining 42 were in lungs, livers, intestines, and udders. a total of 23 different types of microorganisms were isolated from 78 abscesses; bacteria were not detected in the remaining eight abscesses. microorganisms isolated were: species of the genera corynebacterium, staphylococcus, and streptococcus and pasteurella, ... | 1980 | 6996545 |
| spurious hydrogen sulfide production by providencia and escherichia coli species. | hydrogen sulfide production was noted in two escherichia coli strands and one provaidenica alcalifaciens (proteus inconstans a) strain isolated from clinical stool specimens durin the summer of 1979. an investigation into this phenomenon revealed the predence of eubacterium lentum, an anaerobe, growing in synergism with the enterobacteriaceae and producing h2s. the implications of this association are discssed with reference to clinical microbiology laboratory practice. | 1980 | 7000823 |
| [saprophytic and opportunistic non spore-forming anaerobic microflora of the vagina (author's transl)]. | a microbiological survey has been carried out on 179 healthy, child-bearing aged, non-pregnant women, with the aim to evaluate the incidence of anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria in the normal vaginal flora. this group of bacteria has been isolated in 50.3% of women, with a clear prevalence of "anaerobic streptococci " and bacteroides, followed by fusobacterium and veillonella. no propionibacterium, eubacterium or bifidobacterium have been isolated. according to many authors the non-spore form ... | 1980 | 7018415 |
| the faecal flora of patients with crohn's disease. | the faecal flora of patients with crohn's disease was compared with that of healthy subjects. in patients with terminal ileitis, numbers of anaerobic gram-negative and coccoid rods (species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus) were higher than in the controls whereas anaerobic gram-positive rods and cocci and aerobes occurred in normal numbers. the composition of the flora was neither influenced by duration of the disease nor by ileocaecal resection. in healthy subjects and patients, a chemica ... | 1981 | 7019315 |
| infectious necrotic hepatitis caused by an unclassified anaerobic bacillus in the water snake. | necrotic hepatitis resembling black disease of ruminants is described in a group of five water snakes (natrix sipedon pictiventirs). lesions varied from multifocal granulomas to massive coagulation necrosis. a bacterium recovered from the livers could not be classified, but closely resembled eubacterium tarantellus. the bacterium was isolated from all snake livers and from snake mites (ophionyssus natricis) which were probably implicated in the transmission of the disease and it is possible that ... | 1983 | 6863610 |
| severe facial and cervical infections associated with gas-producing bacteria: report of two cases. | | 1981 | 7021782 |
| digoxin-inactivating bacteria: identification in human gut flora. | digoxin, the most widely used cardiac glycoside, undergoes significant metabolic conversion in many patients to cardioinactive metabolites in which the lactone ring is reduced. this appears to occur within the gastrointestinal tract. an attempt was made to isolate and identify the organisms capable of reducing digoxin from stool cultures obtained from human volunteers. of hundreds of isolates studied, only eubacterium lentum, a common anaerobe of the human colonic flora, converted digoxin to red ... | 1983 | 6836275 |
| rapid tests for esculin hydrolysis by anaerobic bacteria. | esculin hydrolysis is one of the biochemical tests used in the identification of anaerobic microorganisms. the conventional method by use of growing microbial cells requires 24-48 hours of incubation. on the other hand, growth independent methods like the buffered esculin test, the spot test, and the pathotec strip test utilize the presence of constitutive enzymes and, therefore, yield results in 1-4 hours. a total of 817 anaerobic organisms were used in this study to determine the sensitivity a ... | 1981 | 7044307 |
| regulation of bile acid 7-dehydroxylase activity by nad+ and nadh in cell extracts of eubacterium species v.p.i. 12708. | the 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of primary bile acids by eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708 required a cell extract prepared from a cholic acid-induced culture and nad+. nadh (0.5 mm) inhibited bile acid 7-dehydroxylase activity more than 50% when added to reaction mixtures containing nad+ (0.5 mm). saturation kinetics and double reciprocal plots of nadh inhibition were consistent with negative cooperativity. 7-dehydroxylase activity was modulated by the molar ratio of nad+-nadh with maximal activity at a ... | 1983 | 6833878 |
| cooperative formation of omega-muricholic acid by intestinal microorganisms. | three anaerobic bacteria, isolated from the ceca of rats and mice, converted, through a concerted mechanism, beta-muricholic acid, the predominant bile acid in germfree rats, into omega-muricholic acid. one isolate was a eubacterium lentum strain; the second and third isolates were tentatively identified as atypical fusobacterium sp. strains. the conversion of beta-muricholic acid into omega-muricholic acid proceeded in two steps: e. lentum oxidized the 6 beta-hydroxyl group of beta-muricholic a ... | 1983 | 6824314 |
| chemoprophylaxis of anaerobic pulmonary infections. an experimental study in rabbits. | chemoprophylaxis of anaerobic pulmonary infection due to aspiration was studied in a rabbit model with the view of comparing the efficacy of procaine penicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline and cefoxitin. the antibiotic treatment was commenced immediately following transtracheal inoculation of a mixture of bacteroides fragilis, streptococcus morbillorum, fusobacterium nucleatum and eubacterium lentum. treatment was stopped after 48 h and lungs were examined for evidence of infectio ... | 1982 | 7075325 |
| eubacterium saburreum l13 antigen containing a ketohexose as a main sugar constituent. | a periodate-resistant antigen (ps l13) which contained ketohexose and glucose was isolated from the oral microorganism eubacterium saburreum l13 by trypsin digestion and subsequent gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. the ketohexose reacted as fructose would in colorimetric and chromatographic analyses, but not in gas-liquid chromatography. rabbit antiserum to e. saburreum l13 agglutinated the bacteria and contained precipitins of the immunoglobulin g class specific for ps l13. | 1983 | 6822412 |
| influence of diets low in protein or lysine on the intestinal flora of chicks with reference to cecal contents. | to determine the effect of a certain diet on the intestinal flora of chicks, the cecal flora of chicks fed on a low protein or low lysine diet was examined. the cecal flora of chicks fed on the low protein diet was similar to that of chicks fed on a normal protein diet, but the total count of bacteria, eubacterium and enterobacteriaceae in the cecal content of chicks fed on the low lysine diet containing a formulated amino acid mixture minus lysine was significantly lower than that of chicks fed ... | 1982 | 6819346 |
| factors determining the occurrence of serum agglutinins to eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species in patients with crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | recently, the demonstration of serum agglutinins to eubacterium and peptostreptococcus strains has been found to be useful as a diagnostic test for crohn's disease. therefore, conditions determining the occurrence of these antibodies were studied in patients with crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. localization of crohn's disease in the colon, the presence of fistulae and serum levels of immunoglobulins were found to be contributory determinants for the occurrence of the agglutinins. | 1982 | 7095311 |
| anaerobic bacterial populations on normal and diseased human biopsy tissue obtained at colonoscopy. | human epithelium was cultured to characterize differences in microbial populations between regions of normal colon and between polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer and their respective adjacent normal mucosa. twenty-one patients (12 polyps, 5 inflammatory bowel disease, 4 cancer) underwent colonoscopy with anaerobic culture of mucosal biopsies from normal and diseased ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon. no differences for total number of organisms and recovery of spec ... | 1982 | 7103479 |
| inhibitors of neisseria gonorrhoeae produced in liquid medium by bacteroides fragilis and eubacterium limosum. | indigenous micro-organisms of the urogenital flora including anaerobes can inhibit the in vitro growth of neisseria gonorrhoeae. bacteroides fragilis and eubacterium limosum strains known to inhibit the gonococcal growth on solid medium have been shown to produce their antigonococcal activities in liquid medium. concentrations of individual short-chain fatty acids produced by e. limosum strains were lower than the inhibitory concentrations reported for n. gonorrhoeae. b. fragilis strains produce ... | 1982 | 6815429 |
| fecal bacterial flora of four nordic population groups with diverse incidence of large bowel cancer. | fecal samples were collected and biologically examined from 4 population groups, exhibiting a 3-fold range in colon cancer incidence, in denmark and finland. carrier rates and counts per gram feces of several aerobic as well as anaerobic genera, including nuclear dehydrogenase-producing clostridia, were calculated. the results obtained with the described method did not confirm a relationship between colon cancer incidence and carrier rates of intestinal bacteria. | 1982 | 7155920 |
| biotransformation of 1-nitropyrene in intestinal anaerobic bacteria. | mutagenic nitroaromatic compounds have recently been found in photocopies, urban atmosphere, automobile exhaust and wastewater. 1-nitropyrene (1-np) is readily formed when pyrene, ubiquitous in the environment, is exposed to nitrogen dioxide in the urban atmosphere or in automobile exhaust, and is highly mutagenic, inducing 449 his+ revertants/plate/nmol from salmonella typhimurium strain ta98 in the absence of s9 fraction in the salmonella-microsome test. it is possible to swallow sputum or som ... | 1982 | 7167066 |
| pathology of the bovine udder parenchyma caused by asporogenous obligate anaerobic bacteria isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. | | 1982 | 7175900 |
| nutritional and metabolic features of eubacterium suis. | we studied the nutritional and metabolic features of eubacterium suis, an anaerobic animal pathogen that causes cystitis and pyelonephritis in pigs. peptone-yeast extract-starch (pys) medium, which contained trypticase (bbl microbiology systems), yeast extract, starch, minerals, cysteine, and sodium carbonate, was shown to support excellent growth of this organism (absorbance at 600 nm = 1.8). growth was considerably less (absorbance at 600 nm = 0.6) when the starch in the medium was replaced by ... | 1982 | 6808018 |
| inactivation of digoxin by eubacterium lentum, an anaerobe of the human gut flora. | digoxin is converted to cardioinactive reduced metabolites (drp) in vivo and in vitro by the human gut flora. digoxin inactivation is mediated by eubacterium lentum, a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal flora. e. lentum appears to be the sole organism performing this reaction. fecal bacteria that convert digoxin to drp in vitro have been found to be present in some subjects who fail to make drp in vivo. drp-forming e. lentum have been isolated from the stools of two such subjects. when in ... | 1982 | 7182977 |
| features of rumen and sewage sludge strains of eubacterium limosum, a methanol- and h2-co2-utilizing species. | eubacterium limosum was isolated as the most numerous methanol-utilizing bacterium in the rumen fluid of sheep fed a diet in which molasses was a major component (mean most probable number of 6.3 x 10(8) viable cells per ml). it was also isolated from sewage sludge at 9.5 x 10(4) cells per ml. it was not detected in the rumen fluid of a steer on a normal hay-grain diet, although methanosarcina, as expected, was found at 9.5 x 10(5) cells per ml. the doubling time of e. limosum in basal medium (5 ... | 1981 | 6791591 |
| the assay on a defined medium of the effects of beta-2-thienylalanine on the growth of anaerobic bacterial isolates from phenylketonuric patients. | faecal samples were taken from three diet-managed phenylketonuric children to determine effects of beta-2-thienylalanine (beta-2-t) on indigenous bacteria. from sample swabs, 127 anaerobes were identified and tested for beta-2-t inhibition on a phenylalanine (phe)-free medium, anaerobe inhibition test (ait) agar. of the isolates, 77.9% grew sufficiently to assay reactions on at least 25% of ait plates. using phe-containing columbia agar, 86.5% of the strains could be assayed. none of 28 bacteroi ... | 1980 | 7189815 |
| isolation and presumptive identification of adherent epithelial bacteria ("epimural" bacteria) from the ovine rumen wall. | one hundred sixty-one strains of adherent bacteria were isolated under anaerobic conditions from four sites on the rumen epithelial surface of sheep fed hay or a hay-grain ration. before isolation of bacteria, rumen tissue was washed six times in an anaerobic dilution solution, and viable bacteria suspended in the washings were counted. calculation indicated that unattached bacteria would have been removed from the tissue by this procedure, but a slow and progressive release of attached bacteria ... | 1981 | 7195191 |
| animal model for anaerobic lung abscess. | there are no satisfactory animal models for the study of anaerobic lung abscess. aspiration of food, gastric mucin, or hydrochloric acid, or any combination of these, along with oropharyngeal bacteria, is commonly believed to cause aspiration pneumonia and lung abscess. in the animal model described, none of the adjuvants was effective in producing anaerobic lung abscesses. anaerobic bacteria derived from dental scrapings of a healthy adult (peptococcus morbillorum, fusobacterium nucleatum, euba ... | 1981 | 7216463 |
| a possible role of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species in the aetiology of crohn's disease. | the faecal flora of patients with crohn's disease has been found to contain higher numbers of anaerobic gram-negative rods and gram-positive coccoid rods than the flora of healthy subjects. in a considerable percentage of sera from patients with crohn's disease, agglutinating antibodies were found against four strains of the coccoid rods, in contrast to sera from patients with ulcerative colitis, other diseases and healthy subjects. in the present study, coccoid strains c18, me46 and me47 were f ... | 1980 | 7235691 |
| biotransformation of 16-dehydroprogesterone by the intestinal anaerobic bacterium, eubacterium sp. 144. | eubacterium sp. 144 biotransformed 16-dehydroprogesterone by initially hydrating approx 50% to 16 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. the detection of this reaction was dependent, in part, on the solubility state of 16-dehydroprogesterone and was less extensive when the concentration of methanol was insufficient to solubilize the steroid. cultures containing a mixture of 16-dehydroprogesterone and 16 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone formed isoprogesterone as a final steroid end product. however, the extent of t ... | 1984 | 6748657 |
| 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of bile acids by resting cells of a eubacterium lentum-like intestinal anaerobe, strain c-25. | 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid by whole cells of strain c-25, a eubacterium lentum-like intestinal anaerobe, was studied. 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity was observed only in whole cells grown in the presence of the primary bile acid (cholic acid or chenodeoxycholic acid). chenodeoxycholic acid was twice as effective as cholic acid as an inducer. although cells grown in the presence of chenodeoxycholic acid had no significant substrate specificity for the two pri ... | 1984 | 6721490 |
| agglutinins to anaerobic bacteria in crohn's disease and in indian patients with diarrhoea. | agglutinins to certain species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus have been reported in sera from a high proportion of patients with crohn's disease. because this might be a non-specific finding common to patients with diarrhoea associated with damaged intestinal mucosa, we have compared the incidence of such agglutinins in patients with crohn's disease with that seen in patients in north-east india with acute or chronic diarrhoea. the incidence of agglutinins in crohn's disease was 44%, comp ... | 1984 | 6708086 |
| metabolism of bile acid oxazoline derivatives by hepatocyte monolayer cultures and intestinal anaerobic bacteria. | certain bile acid oxazoline derivatives (100 microm), but not corresponding unconjugated bile acids (100 microm), were found to inhibit the growth of eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708. the growth inhibition was correlated with the polarity of the steroid portion of the bile acid oxazoline. primary cultures of adult rat hepatocyte monolayer cultures converted [7 epsilon-14c]methylchenooxazoline3 into meoh-h2o soluble derivatives. certain intestinal bacteria were capable of metabolizing [17 epsilon-14c ... | 1983 | 6673175 |
| selected bacterial antibodies in crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | agglutinins to four strains of anaerobic gram-positive coccoid rods (species of eubacterium, peptostreptococcus and coprococcus) were found in significantly higher frequency in crohn's disease (cd) than in ulcerative colitis (uc) and in other diseased control subjects and were virtually absent in apparently healthy subjects. when the posterior probability of having cd was calculated on the basis of these agglutination reactions, 64% of patients with cd and 34% of patients with uc but only 10% of ... | 1983 | 6673050 |
| effects of lasalocid or monensin on lactate-producing or -using rumen bacteria. | lasalocid or monensin inhibited most of the lactate-producing rumen bacteria (butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, eubacterium cellulosolvens, e. ruminantium, lachnospira multiparus, lactobacillus ruminis, l. vitulinus, ruminococcus albus, r. flavefaciens, streptococcus bovis). minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from .38 to 3.0 micrograms/ml. among the lactate producers, those that produce succinate as a major end product (bacteroides, selenomonas, succinimonas, succinivibrio) were not inhibited by ... | 1981 | 7275867 |
| pleuropulmonary infection associated with eubacterium brachy, a new species of eubacterium. | a new species of eubacterium was isolated from a case of pleural effusion. a case history and description of the organism are given. | 1980 | 7276145 |
| evolving ribosome structure: domains in archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eucaryotes. | | 1983 | 6407755 |
| single-carbon catabolism in acetogens: analysis of carbon flow in acetobacterium woodii and butyribacterium methylotrophicum by fermentation and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance measurement. | the catabolism of methanol, formate, or carbon monoxide to acetate or butyrate or both was examined in two acetogenic bacteria. butyribacterium methylotrophicum simultaneously transformed methanol and formate mainly to butyrate with concomitant h2 and co2 production and consumption. in contrast, methanol plus co was primarily converted to acetate, and only slight amounts of co2 were produced. in vivo 13c nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of [13c]methanol transformation by b. methylotrophicum i ... | 1983 | 6411684 |
| purification, properties, and n-terminal amino acid sequence of certain 50s ribosomal subunit proteins from the archaebacterium halobacterium cutirubrum. | sixteen ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) from the 50s ribosomal subunit of the archaebacterium halobacterium cutirubrum have been purified and their amino acid composition and partial n-terminal amino acid sequence have been determined. these proteins as a group are much more acidic than the large subunit r-proteins from eubacteria or eukaryotes. little sequence homology is evident between the 50s subunit archaebacterial r-proteins and the equivalent proteins from the eubacterium escherichia coli ... | 1984 | 6467081 |
| effect of bile acid analogs on 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity in eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708. | 7 beta-methyl-chenodeoxycholic acid (7-mecdc, 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-7 beta-methyl-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid), 7 alpha-methyl-ursodeoxycholic acid (7-meudc, 3 alpha, 7 beta-dihydroxy-7 alpha-methyl-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid), 7 xi-methyl-lithocholic acid (7-melc, 3 alpha-hydroxy-7 xi-methyl-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid) and ursodeoxycholylsarcosine (udcs) were tested as inhibitors of bacterial bile acid 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity. at a concentration of 50 microm, 7-mecdc and 7-meudc inhibit ... | 1984 | 6545070 |
| a new proposal for the primary and secondary structure of the glycan moiety of pseudomurein. conformational energy calculations on the glycan strands with talosaminuronic acid in 1c conformation and comparison with murein. | using the method of conformational energy calculations, favoured conformations of a pseudomurein sugar strand built up from beta 1,3-linked n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and n-acetyl-l-talosaminuronic acid were obtained. such a completely beta 1,3-linked polysaccharide primary structure, although contrasting with the originally proposed alternating beta 1,3-alpha 1,3-linked structure [könig, h., kandler, o., jensen, m. and rietschel, e. th. (1983) hoppe-seyler's z. physiol. chem. 364, 627-636] would be ... | 1984 | 6548447 |
| biotransformation of linoleic acid and bile acids by eubacterium lentum. | eubacterium lentum is a gram-positive, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, asaccharolytic anaerobe. in the present investigations, 3 e. lentum strains (group e) isolated from rat feces were compared with 30 e. lentum strains (groups a, b, c, and d) previously studied by macdonald et al. (i. a. macdonald, j. f. jellet, d. e. mahony, and l. v. holdeman, appl. environ. microbiol. 37:992-1000, 1979). all strains alkalized (ph 8 to 8.5) arginine-containing (2 to 15 mg/ml) culture media, and growth of the maj ... | 1984 | 6582800 |
| gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobic bacteria in the etiology of bacterial (nonspecific) vaginosis. | g. vaginalis was originally described as the etiologic agent of bacterial vaginosis (nonspecific vaginitis) because it was recovered only from women with signs and symptoms of "bacterial vaginitis" and not from normal controls. recent data have shown that g. vaginalis is present in normal women but at concentrations lower than the limit of sensitivity of the media formerly used. detection of low concentrations of g. vaginalis in normal controls has been made possible by development of a selectiv ... | 1983 | 6607521 |
| [relationship between the development of the intestinal iga immune system and the establishment of microbial flora in the digestive tract of young holoxenic mice]. | the intestinal villi of axenic mice contain ten-fold less iga plasmocytes than that of conventional ones. the major stimulus for proliferation of plasma cells synthetizing iga in the gut of axenic mice is the total microbial flora from adult conventional mice. in young mice, the intestinal iga immune system (intestinal iga is) is fully developed at the age of six weeks. the purpose of this work was to determine the role of intestinal flora on the development of the intestinal iga is. to that end ... | 1982 | 6891574 |
| epimerization versus dehydroxylation of the 7 alpha-hydroxyl- group of primary bile acids: competitive studies with clostridium absonum and 7 alpha-dehydroxylating bacteria (eubacterium sp.). | primary bile acids, chenodeoxycholic (3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic) and cholic (3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic) were included in cultures of (a) clostridium absonum alone (b) a mixture of c. absonum and a 7-dehydroxylating organism, eubacterium sp. (c) a mixture of c. absonum and fecal bacteria, and (d) fecal bacteria alone. c. absonum, when added to eubacterium sp. cultures totally prevented lithocholic acid formation when the substrate was chenodeoxy ... | 1982 | 6957693 |
| characterization of a corticosteroid 21-dehydroxylase from the intestinal anaerobic bacterium, eubacterium lentum. | an oxygen-sensitive corticosteroid 21-dehydroxylase has been characterized in cell extracts of eubacterium lentum. the enzyme was highly specific for corticosteroids containing and alpha-ketol structure and required fmnh2 or reduced benzyl viologen for activity. the enzyme used deoxycorticosterone, deoxycortisol, dehydrocorticosterone, and corticosterone as substrates. substrate saturation kinetics using [3h]corticosterone yielded an apparent km of 7.35 microm and a vmax of 15.4 nmol (11 beta-[3 ... | 1980 | 6967506 |
| serum agglutinins to eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species in crohn's and other diseases. | sera from patients suffering from crohn's and other diseases and from healthy subjects were tested for agglutinins to anaerobic, gram-positive coccoid rods belonging to species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus. four strains labelled eubacterium contortum (two strains), eubacterium rectale and peptostreptococcus productus were agglutinated by a higher percentage of sera from patients with crohn's disease than from healthy subjects and from patients with liver and intestinal diseases (includi ... | 1981 | 7019318 |
| carbon monoxide metabolism of the methylotrophic acidogen butyribacterium methylotrophicum. | the marburg strain of butyribacterium methylotrophicum did not grow on co alone but did consume co during growth on a variety of substrates in the presence of a 100% co gas phase. we selected a strain (the co strain) that grew vigorously on co alone. the ability of the co strain to grow on co was stable through multiple transfers in the absence of co. co dehydrogenase activity was lower in the co strain grown on co (13.3 micromol/min per mg of protein) than in the marburg strain grown on methano ... | 1982 | 7033210 |
| 7 beta-dehydroxylation of ursodeoxycholic acid by whole cells and cell extracts of the intestinal anaerobic bacterium, eubacterium species v.p.i. 12708. | whole cells and cell extracts of eubacterium species v. p. i. 12708 7-dehydroxylated [3h]ursodeoxycholic acid or [14c]chenodeoxycholic forming lithocholic acid. 7 beta-dehydroxylation specific activity was 146 and 386 nmol hr-1 mg protein-1 for cell extracts and whole cells, respectively. 7 alpha- or 7 beta-dehydroxylation activity was detected only in whole cells or cell extracts prepared from cultures grown in the presence of cholic acid. the addition of nad+ (0.5 mm) to anaerobically dialyzed ... | 1982 | 7057103 |
| biosynthesis of vitamin b12 in anaerobic bacteria. mode of incorporation of glycine into the 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole moiety in eubacterium limosum. | [1-13c]glycine, [2-13c]glycine, and [15n]glycine were added to fermentations with the strictly anaerobic vitamin b12 producer eubacterium limosum. the vitamin b12 isolated was almost exclusively labeled in its 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole moiety. it was methylated and degraded to 1,5,6-trimethylbenzimidazole. the position of the 13c label was determined from the 13 c nmr spectrum using the natural-abundance 13c nmr spectrum of 1,5,6-trimethylbenzimidazole as reference. thus it was found that c-1 of ... | 1982 | 7060591 |
| biotransformation of 16 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by eubacterium sp. 144: non-enzymatic addition of l-cysteine to delta 16-progesterone. | eubacterium sp. 144 dehydroxylated 16 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone; however, the expected intermediate, delta 16-progesterone, did not accumulate to significant concentrations in the culture medium. moreover, the final end product of this biotransformation, 17 alpha-progesterone, was produced at a very slow rate. it was discovered that, under our culture conditions, delta 16-progesterone reacted chemically with l-cysteine to form a highly water-soluble derivative. the ability of delta 16-progester ... | 1982 | 7077150 |
| 16 alpha-dehydration of corticoids by bacteria isolated from rat fecal flora. | two strains (no. 144 and no. 146) of rat intestinal anaerobic bacteria, phenotypically similar to eubacterium lentum, were isolated and found capable of 16 alpha-dehydrating corticoids. the initial step in the 16 alpha-dehydration of 16 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone was dehydration at the c-16 and c-17 position with the accumulation of 16-dehydroprogesterone. this step required the side chain at c-17. in bacterial cultures the 16-dehydroprogesterone was then slowly reduced to iso-progesterone. 16 al ... | 1982 | 7078162 |
| a reassessment of the microbial flora of the female genital tract, with special reference to the occurrence of bacteroides species. | two hundred and twelve randomly selected vaginal or uterine cervical specimens were investigated for the presence of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria and yeasts. anaerobes of possible clinical significance, including bacteroidaceae, peptococcaceae and clostridia were isolated from 34% of the specimens and were identified to specific or generic level. among the bacteroidaceae isolated, b. bivius was the most common, followed by other propionate-negative species. members of the bacteroides fragilis ... | 1982 | 7120354 |
| formation of 20 beta-dihydrosteroids by anaerobic bacteria. | cortisol was metabolized to a variety of products, among them small amounts of cortol by fecal flora of humans and rats. a microorganism, bifidobacterium adolescentis, isolated from both sources, synthesized a 20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase which reduced cortisol to 20 beta-dihydrocortisol. the metabolite was reduced to cortol by clostridium paraputrificum. the 20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase showed a wide substrate specificity; it was independent of the 4-ene and the configuration at c3, c-11, ... | 1982 | 7176656 |
| antibacterial properties of bile acid oxazoline compounds. | chenooxazoline (50-100 microm) inhibited (greater than 50%) both 7 alpha and 7 beta-dehydroxylase activities in whole cells and cell extracts of eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708. chenooxazoline (greater than or equal to 50 microm) and methylchenooxazoline (greater than 25 microm) but not lithooxazoline (less than or equal to 100 microm) inhibited growing cultures of eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708. chenooxazoline (100 microm) also inhibited the growth of certain members of the genera eubacterium, clost ... | 1982 | 7184207 |
| characterization of the cecal bacteria of normal pigs. | one hundred ninety-two isolates from cecal contents of three normal weaned pigs were obtained by means of anaerobic roll tube methods and were characterized. seventy-eight percent of the isolates were gram-negative. the most numerous species isolated from each of the pigs was bacteroides ruminicola. this species accounted for 35% of the isolates that were characterized, and selenomonas ruminantium accounted for 21% of the isolates. other gram-negative bacteria isolated from all three pigs were b ... | 1981 | 7235711 |
| bacteria and gallstones. etiological significance. | two hundred consecutive gallstone cases have been subjected to bacteriological study employing improved anaerobic culture techniques. in addition to clostridia species, species of anaerobes such as bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus, veillonella, and eubacterium are found to be present, some of which possessed beta-glucuronidase activity. this finding has a certain bearing on the etiology of bile pigment calcium stones. in addition to escherichia coli, bacteroides and clostridium often found in t ... | 1981 | 7238247 |
| agglutination of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species as a diagnostic test for crohn's disease. | the anaerobic fecal flora of patients with crohn's disease has been found to differ from the flora of healthy subjects by higher numbers of anaerobic gram-negative rods and gram-positive coccoid rods. agglutinating antibodies against strains of coccoid rods, belonging to species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus were detected in much higher percentages of sera from patients with crohn's disease than in those from patients with ulcerative colitis, and healthy subjects. on the basis of the res ... | 1981 | 7250896 |
| antibodies to eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species and the estimated probability of crohn's disease. | anaerobic coccoid rods belonging to species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus agglutinate more frequently with sera from patients with crohn's disease than with sera from patients suffering from other diseases and from healthy subjects. results of agglutination test with four strains of coccoid anaerobes were used to estimate the probability that a patient suffers from crohn's disease. the data on healthy subjects and patients with crohn's disease were subjected to logistic discriminant anal ... | 1981 | 7252136 |
| transformation of bile acids by mixed microbial cultures from human feces and bile acid transforming activities of isolated bacterial strains. | microbiol transformation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid by anaerobic mixed cultures of human fecal microorganisms was investigated, and the results were examined in relation to the bile acid transforming activities of 75 bacterial strains isolated from the same fecal cultures. the reactions involved in the mixed cultures were dehydrogenation and dehydroxylation of the 7 alpha-hydroxy group in both primary bile acids and epimerization of the 3 alpha-hydroxy group in all metabolic bile a ... | 1981 | 7253965 |
| cofactor requiremets for 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid in cell extracts of the intestinal anaerobic bacterium, eubacterium species v.p.i. 13708. | the characteristics of 7 alpha-dehydroxylase, a bile acid-biotransforming enzyme, were determined using dialyzed cell extracts of eubacterium sp. v.p.i. 12708. 7 alpha-dehydroxylase was induced by cholic acid in this organism. induction by cholic acid resulted in the differential synthesis of at least five new polypeptides with molecular weights of 77,000, two at 56,000, 27,000 and 23,500, as determined by both one and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. th ... | 1981 | 7276750 |
| isolation and significance of anaerobic bacteria isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. | the role of obligate anaerobic bacteria in the aetiology of mastitis of lactating dairy cows was investigated. anaerobes were isolated from 12% of lactating mastitic cows, which were representative of 50% of the 10 dairy herds examined. bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently isolated organism of (50%), followed by peptococcus indolicus (33%), eubacterium lentum (33%), e. aerofaciens (17%), propionibacterium granulosum (17%) and an anaerobic streptococcus sp. (17%). these obligate anaerobes ... | 1981 | 7312305 |
| infectious complications of cervical cerclage. | a study of 115 gravid patients who required cervical cerclage indicated that the optimum time to perform the surgical procedure was between the fourteenth and eighteenth weeks. if the operation is delayed until later in the second trimester, the incidence of chorioamnionitis is increased 2.6-fold, and premature rupture of the membranes prior to the thirty-second week of gestation is trebled. amniocentesis performed in nine patients with chorioamnionitis and intact membranes after cerclage demons ... | 1981 | 7315918 |
| comparative in vitro activity of new beta-lactam antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria. | several new beta-lactam antimicrobial agents have been introduced in the last few years. in this investigation, the in vitro activities of several recently introduced cephalosporins (cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime), moxalactam, and n-formimidoyl thienamycin were compared with those of cefoxitin, clindamycin, and metronidazole against 203 strains of anaerobic bacteria. at achievable serum levels, all of the antimicrobial agents were active against essentially 100% of the s ... | 1981 | 7325628 |
| fatal aspiration pneumonia in an african elephant. | | 1981 | 7328011 |
| [effect of atrazine, linuron and 2, 4-d amine on various biological properties of a soil sample. i - field trial]. | herbicides have a considerable influence on soil microorganisms and soil biochemistry. these influences are likely to be reflected in soil fertility and plant growth. the effects of atrazine, linuron and 2,4-d amine were studied on soil microflora in a field trial with sorghum in río cuarto, argentina. atrazine and linuron were applied before sowing and before emergency, and 2-4,-d amine as post-emergence herbicide. dehydrogenase activity with ttc (tri-cl-phenyl-tetrazolium) as electron acceptor ... | 1981 | 7346888 |
| utilization of ammonia nitrogen by intestinal bacteria isolated from pigs. | in a medium containing ammonia, proteose peptone, and cysteine as nitrogen sources, 17 of 24 bacteroidaceae strains, 3 of selenomonas strains, 1 of 7 curved rods, 3 of 7 spirochaetaceae strains, 8 of 20 eubacterium strains, 8 of 13 peptococcaceae strains, 3 of 4 clostridium strains, 19 of 20 enterobacteriaceae strains, and 1 of 8 streptococcus strains utilized ammonia nitrogen preferentially to proteose peptone nitrogen. to determine the ability of intestinal microbes to synthesize amino acids f ... | 1980 | 7356320 |
| characterization of a nadh:flavin oxidoreductase induced by cholic acid in a 7 alpha-dehydroxylating intestinal eubacterium species. | a nadh:flavin oxidoreductase was partially purified (seven-fold) from an intestinal eubacterium species v.p.i. 12708 using bio-gel a 0.5-m and deae-cellulose column chromatography. enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically at 340 nm under anaerobic conditions. a molecular weight of 260 000 was estimated by gel filtration chromatography. the partially purified enzyme preparation exhibited single displacement kinetics with respect to the substrates nadh and fad. the ph optimum under thes ... | 1980 | 7370273 |
| bile acid induction specificity of 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity in an intestinal eubacterium species. | the addition of cholic acid to growing cultures of eubacterium species v.p.i. 12708 caused a 25 and 46-fold increase in 7 alpha-dehydroxylation activity using cell extracts or whole cell suspensions, respectively. bile acid conversion rates using either [14c]-cholic acid or [14c]-chenodeoxycholic acid as substrates increased at approximately the same rate when either cholic or chenodeoxycholic acid was added to growing cultures as inducer. the induction of 7 alpha-dehydroxylase activity was high ... | 1980 | 7376208 |
| effect of titanium (iii) citrate as reducing agent on growth of rumen bacteria. | we compared the growth of 10 strains of rumen bacteria in an anaerobic medium reduced with cysteine hydrochloride, dithiothreitol, or titanium (iii) citrate. the redox potential of medium reduced with cysteine hydrochloride was -167.8 mv; with dithiothreitol it was -175.8 mv; and with titanium(iii) citrate it was -302.4 mv at a concentration of 5 x 10(-4) m titanium and -403.9 mv at 2 x 10(-3) m titanium. maximum growth of the strains was generally lower with dithiothreitol or titanium(iii) citr ... | 1980 | 7406484 |