| correlation between the growth inhibitory effects, partition coefficients and teratogenic effects of lipophilic acids. | the inhibition of cell duplication by many lipophilic acids was measured in bacillus subtilis and in the following mammalian cell lines, the human epithelial-type cell lines hela, strain r and strain l-132, the human fibroblast cell line va-13, and the rat glial cell line c. the results were correlated to the partition coefficient and the distribution coefficient (= apparent partition coefficient at ph 7.2) of the compounds, using octanol/water partition coefficients and pka values either from t ... | 1979 | 120615 |
| bacillus subtilis aminopeptidase: purification, characterization and some enzymatic properties. | | 1979 | 120703 |
| bacillus subtilis aminopeptidase: specificity toward amino acyl-beta-naphthylamides. | | 1979 | 120704 |
| changes in sporulation potential during the growth cycle of bacillus subtilis. | the sporulation potential of bacillus subtilis as a function of position in the cell cycle was determined by transferring cells from growth medium to sporulation medium at various times during growth. growth was induced by incubating heat-activated spores in rich medium or by diluting stationary phase vegetative cultures with fresh growth medium. the results supported earlier observations that sporulation potential is cell cycle dependent. the rise in sporulation potential was studied by exposin ... | 1979 | 120729 |
| periodic enzyme synthesis: reconsideration of the theory of oscillatory repression. | | 1979 | 120909 |
| re-examination of transformation within different species of rhizobium. | investigations of the phenomenon of transformation in rhizobium were carried out. streptomycin resistance (str) was the genetic marker used in all experiments, with the exception of auxotrophic strains. twenty-one experiments were performed on nine different rhizobium strains. some of these strains were previously reported to be transformed, while others had no prior history of transformation. different conditions which are thought to affect the development of competence were used. in these expe ... | 1979 | 121002 |
| subtilopeptidase a produced by bacillus subtilis pr-70. ii. kinetic behaviour of immobilized enzyme. | the kinetic behaviour of immobilized subtilopeptidase a was investigated. the enzyme was obtained from a local isolate of b. subtilis pr-70. using different inorganic supports, amberlite cg-50 was superior in this respect. it gave 97.8% adsorption, followed by silica gel gc. the values of k and k2 for the rate of enzyme catalyzed being 8.75 and 2.06, respectively. the behaviour of v against et is the same as v against st. michaelis' constant was determined using different methods. the average of ... | 1979 | 121003 |
| mutagenicity of skin tanning lotions. | two lotions that tan skin in the absence of sunlight and their active ingredient, dihydroxyacetone (dha), are mutagenic in salmonella typhimurium strain ta100 without metabolic activation. however, addition of s-9 mix that contains aroclor 1254-induced rat hepatic microsomes enhances significantly the mutagenic activity of all three agents. both lotions and dha also cause primary dna damage as determined by the rec-assay in bacillus subtilis. the potential human health hazard of these lotions is ... | 1979 | 121138 |
| evolutionary considerations of dna repair in relation to mutagenesis, teratogenesis and carcinogenesis. | living organisms have various mechanisms for repairing spontaneous and mutagen-induced damage in dna. mutagenesis, teratogenesis, and carcinogenesis are discussed in relation to dna misrepair. the existence of highly efficient genetic mechanisms for tolerating environmental threats is argued from evolutionary viewpoints. | 1979 | 121155 |
| oxytetracycline concentration of bile after systemic and regional administration. | oxytetracycline concentration of bile was determined after systemic and regional (intraportal) infusions. a single dose of 3.60 mg/kg of oxytetracycline was infused into the brachial vein of 8 dogs and into the portal vein of 9 dogs in 120 minutes. bile samples taken at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes showed that the liver excretes into the bile higher concentrations of oxytetracycline in the case of intraportal infusion. the results suggest that treatment of inflammatory diseases of bacterial origi ... | 1978 | 121188 |
| report prepared by the antibiotics in animal feddingstuffs sub-committee. microbiological assay of avoparcin in animal feeds and pre-mixes. | | 1979 | 121209 |
| [debridement of burns with proteolytic enzymes from bacillus subtilis]. | 50 patients with burns received an enzymatic debridement with bacillus subtilis (protease-ointment = travase. symmetrical control sites were treated without protease-ointment simultaneously. with the help of protease-ointment early eschar removal was achieved in deep dermal burns. in full thickness burns the success of the treatment was dependent on the depths of the tissue damage and the early application of protease-ointment, which allowed the removal of the dermal elements of the eschar where ... | 1979 | 121655 |
| bacterial transformation. | | 1979 | 121792 |
| studies on the ribosomal proteins of bacillus subtilis during sporulation. | | 1979 | 121909 |
| damage and restoration of the dna-membrane complex of the bacterium bacillus subtilis after the action of gamma radiation. | it was shown that the structural damages arising in dna-membrane complexes (dmc) of the bacterium bacillus subtilis under the action of gamma radiation are reversible in the postradiation period. the ability of the bacteria to repair radiation damage to dmc is correlated with their radiosensitivity. it is suggested that the process of restoration of the dmc depends on the products of the pol a and the rec a genes. | 1979 | 121915 |
| effects of varying o2 concentration on the x-ray sensitivity of transforming dna. | the x-ray-induced inactivation of the biological activity of bacillus subtilis transforming dna in dilute aqueous solution has been studied over a wide range of o2 concentrations in an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms involved in o2 action. when the dna is irradiated in the presence of 100 per cent o2 there is a protection of the transforming dna compared to the sensitivity in n2-saturated or in n2o-saturated solutions. when the equilibrating gas contains intermediate concentrations of o2 (1 ... | 1979 | 121992 |
| protection of transforming dna from x-irradiation-induced damage by .oh scavengers. | | 1979 | 121993 |
| [immunostimulating agents. some problems]. | | 1979 | 122075 |
| [effect of temperature on bacterial phagocytosis in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of sodium cefazoline]. | | 1979 | 122078 |
| [comparative study of microbial methods for the detection of genetic toxicity]. | it is important to have a rapid and accurate method to detect the toxic action of drugs and chemical compounds used by man. a comparative study with two microbial systems was carried out: one using salmonella typhimurium and the other using bacillus subtilis. the 1-8-dihydroxyantraquinone was the tested drug and the n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and the 2-aminofluorene were used as control substances. these compounds were used as such or after previous transformation by a microsomal syste ... | 1979 | 122387 |
| evolutionary implications of different types of microbial enzymology for l-tyrosine biosynthesis. | several patterns of enzymology for l-tyrosine biosynthesis exist in modern microorganisms, each differing in the apparent degree of regulatory efficiency. the extent of pathway evolution in a particular organism may reflect the relative selective pressure for regulation encountered in different ecological niches. | 1975 | 123637 |
| mechanism of dna degradation induced by neocarzinostatin in bacillus subtilis. | when logarithmically growing bacillus subtilis cells were exposed to the antitumor protein, neocarzinostatin (ncs), at a concentration of 50 mug/ml, cellular dna was gradually degraded into an acid-soluble form (up to 60 percent of total dna). the degradation appeared to initiate at the growing regions of dna and to proceed sequentially from the nascent regions to preexistent dna. concomitantly with, or perhaps as a consequence of, the degradation of growing regions, dna detached from the cell m ... | 1975 | 123897 |
| proteolytic enzymes as adjuncts to antimicrobial prophylaxis of contaminated wounds. | when a tissue is injured, its vessels exhibit a marked increase in vascular permeability. blood proteins, including fibrinogen, traverse the vessel walls and lead to the development of a surface coagulum. this inflammatory response continues until primary closure of the wound edges is accomplished. the thickness of the surface coagulum is roughly proportional to the time interval between wounding and closure. this coagulum encompasses the surface contaminants, preventing contact with either topi ... | 1975 | 124138 |
| estimates of the porosity of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis cell walls. | the maximum porosity of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis cell walls was estimated by two independent and relatively simple methods. peptidoglycan was isolated from bacillus subtilis cell wall preparations and used as an insoluble support for exclusion chromatography of dextrans of known average molecular size. in an alternative approach the leakage of radioactively labelled proteins from bacillus licheniformis cells incubated in butanol-saline mixtures was measured and their size est ... | 1975 | 126549 |
| immunochemical studies with synthetic immunogens chemically related to peptidoglycan. | rabbits were immunized with synthetic immunogens hsa-(gly-l-ala-l-ala-d-ala-d-ala)39 and hsa-(gly-gamma-d-glu-l-ala-d-ala-d-ala)40, respectively. antibodies against hsa-(gly-l-ala-l-ala-d-ala-d-ala)39 showed a strong precipitin reaction with the homologous antigen, with hsa-(gly-gamma-d-glu-l-ala-d-ala-d-ala)40 and with solubilized peptidoglycan containing peptide subunits with c-terminal d-alanyl-d-alanine. the albumin-peptide conjugates also cross-reacted with rabbit antisera to streptococcus ... | 1975 | 126550 |
| [sequence variation on an antibiotically active tripeptide (author's transl)]. | seven tripeptides with the sequence l-arg-d,l-x-l-phe were synthesised. three of these peptides showed antibiotical activity on fungi. the amino- and the carboxylic terminus of the peptide l-arg-d,l-phe-l-phe, which showed antibiotical activity, were changed to give the sequences l-x-d,l-phe-l-phe or l-arg-d,l-phe-l-x respectively. the resulting tripeptides showed no antibiotical activity. | 1975 | 126596 |
| antibiotic-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis conditional for sporulation. | among spontaneously occurring antibiotic-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis 168 we have identified a sub-class that is conditionally sporulative. mutants in this sub-class are resistant to antibiotic during vegetative growth but are sensitive during sporulation. mutants conditionally-resistant to erythromycin, kanamycin, spectinomycin, and streptomycin have been isolated and characterized by phase contrast microscopy and with respect to their ability to synthesize heat-resistant endospores o ... | 1975 | 127112 |
| [genetic bases for the selection of microorganisms using analogs]. | the main mechanisms are considered for biosynthesis processes regulation by means of repression and inhibition with final products. on the basis of these mechanisms the state and prospects of the directed alteration of various stages in regulating the synthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, using breeding selection of mutants resistant to analogues are discussed. the main regularities are presented for using analogues of primary metabolites in the breeding strains with overproduction of ... | 1975 | 128859 |
| amino acid replacement in the protein s5 from a spectinomycin resistant mutant of bacillus subtilis. | ribosomal protein s5 was isolated from wild type bacillus subtilis atcc 6633 and from a spectinomycin resistant mutant (bspc 111) derived from spectinomycin sensitive to resistance is accomtrypsin and all the tryptic peptides were isolated by column- and paper-chromatography. by comparative amino acid analyses of the peptides, it was demonstrated that the s5 from the mutant differs from the wild type s5 by a replacement of one amino acid, namely lysine by isoleucine in the peptide t9. the result ... | 1976 | 131241 |
| alkyl streptozotocin analogues with improved biological activities. | alkyl 16alpha- and -beta-glycosides of a series of n3-alkyl homologues of streptozotocin were synthesized from glucosamine hydrochloride. these compounds, when tested against ascites sarcoma 180, ehrlich ascites carcinoma, or leukemia l1210, exhibited potent antitumor activities, and antibacterial and diabetogenic activities were eliminated. furthermore, the acute toxicities of these compounds were lower than that of streptozotocin. the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl glycosides of streptoz ... | 1976 | 133244 |
| [chemiosmotic mechanism of transport of biological macromolecules through bacterial membranes]. | a general mechanism of the nucleic acids transport through bacterial membranes during genetic transformation, transfection, viral infection and bacterial conjugation, has been developed. the uptake of nucleic acid occurs due to the symport with h+ ions down to an electrochemical potential gradient ("minus" inside) generated by respiration or atp hydrolysis within recipient cells. the nucleic acid anions of non--lethal viruses are extruded from the negatively charged host cell cytoplasm by electr ... | 1976 | 135583 |
| [reversal of the depressive power of cyclophosphamide on the anti-infectious defense of the mouse by means of a somatic antigen from bacillus subtilis]. | in the experimental conditions reported the cyclophosphamide increases the pathogenic effect of escherichia coli in mice. treating the animals with a somatic antigen of bacillus subtilis, reverses the aggravating effect of cyclophosphamide on the experimental infection. similar results are obtained through the parenteral and the rectal routes. this antigen does not limit either the leucopenient effect of cyclophosphamide nor its blocking effect on the synthesis of sheep red blood cells antibody ... | 1976 | 137039 |
| [the effect of somatic antigen from bacillus subtilis on migration of mouse macrophages]. | the migration of mice peritoneal macrophages has been studied on agar plates. the migration of the macrophages from mice treated by the intra peritoneal route by a somatic antigen of bacillus subtilis, was 37% less than the migration of the macrophage from control mice. the presence of the antigen in the gel did not modify the migration of macrophages in either treated or control mice. this confirms the non specific character of the activity of this antigen. | 1976 | 137040 |
| the energization of d-gluconate transport in bacillus subtilis. | | 1976 | 137155 |
| sp-10 bacteriophage-specific nucleic acid and enzyme synthesis in bacillus subtilis w23. | bacillus subtilis w23 was infected with a clear-plaque variant of sp-10 phage, namely, sp-10c. exogenous thymidine was not incorporated into phage dna (even in the presence of deoxyadenosine), nor was there any transfer of thymidine nucleotides from bacterial to viral dna. the lytic program was unaffected by concentrations of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine sufficient to reduce bacterial dna synthesis by greater than 95%. although these data are consistent with the interpretation that thymidine nucleotides ... | 1977 | 137989 |
| the mechanism of action of inhibitors of dna synthesis. | | 1977 | 143235 |
| biosynthesis of 5-(4'5'-dihydroxypentyl) uracil as a nucleoside triphosphate in bacteriophage sp15-infected bacillus subtilis. | the nucleoside triphosphate of 5-(4',5'-dihydroxypentyl)uracil (dhpu) was detected in the acid-soluble extract from bacteriophage sp15-infected bacillus subtilis w23. no uracil was found in the dna of either replicating or mature phage. labeled thymidine added during phage dna synthesis was incorporated into phage dna. the presence of dhpu as a nucleoside triphosphate in the acid-soluble pool and the incorporation of thymidine into phage dna suggest that both dhpu and thymine are incorporated in ... | 1978 | 146749 |
| [microorganism biosynthesis of enzyme inhibitors of a protein nature (a review)]. | | 1978 | 147455 |
| membrane atpase of bacillus subtilis. i. purification and properties. | the membrane atpase (ec 3.6.1.3) of bacillus subtilis can be solubilized by a shock-wash process. two procedures for purifying the solubilized enzyme are reported. a protease inhibitor, phenylmethane sulfonylfluoride, was introduced in the solubilization and purification step. the resultant atpase purified by density gradient centrifugation has a molecular weight of 315 000, an s20,w of 13,4 and an amino acid composition very similar to bacterial atpases already studied. after exposure to polyac ... | 1978 | 148910 |
| biochemical and genetic study of d-glucitol transport and catabolism in bacillus subtilis. | the catabolic pathway of d-glucitol (sorbitol) in bacillus subtilis marburg 168m is characterized. it includes (i) a transport step catalyzed by a d-glucitol permease which is affected by the guta mutations, (ii) an oxidation step of the intracellular d-glucitol catalyzed by a d-glucitol dehydrogenase, generating intracellular fructose, affected by gutb mutations, and (iii) phosphorylation of the intracellular fructose either at the c1 site or at the c6 site as described previously (a. delobbe e ... | 1978 | 149113 |
| improved radioenzymatic assay for spectinomycin. | the sensitivity and reproducibility of the radioenzymatic adenylylating assay for spectinomycin were improved by modifications of the assay procedure and by partial purification of the enzyme. the presence of bacillus subtilis ribosomes or s-150 fraction in the enzymatic reaction mixture interfered with the ability to measure spectinomycin by this method. | 1978 | 151529 |
| production and expression of dtmp-enriched dna of bacteriophage sp15. | normal dna of bacillus subtilis phage sp15 contains approximately equimolar quantities of dtmp and a hypermodified nucleotide, 5-dihydroxypentyl-dump (dhpdump). deoxythymidine (dthd) rescue of phage dna synthesis in 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (fudr)-inhibited cultures resulted in the synthesis of sp15 dna containing enhanced levels of dtmp and correspondingly reduced levels of dhpdump. this rescued system was used to probe possible roles of dhpdump in phage development. the results suggested that norm ... | 1978 | 153409 |
| spectinomycin dependence in bacillus subtilis. | spectinomycin dependence in bacillus subtilis involves two mutations, one conferring drug resistance and the other producing a requirement for spectinomycin for growth. | 1979 | 155690 |
| antimicrobial activity of quaternary ammonium salts of some saturated heterocycloalkyl amines [1]. | antimicrobial activity of n-alkyl-n-dodecylpiperidinium bromides and n-ethyl-n-dodecylheterocycloalkyl ammonium bromides (pyrrolidine, morpholine, perhydroazepine) determined on grampositive and gramnegative bacteria, yeasts and moulds, presented as minimum inhibition concentration (mic). comparison of the effect of change of structure: lengthening of alkyl chain, change of heterocyclic ring. change in the length of alkyl chain markedly affects the antimicrobial activity, change of heterocyclic ... | 1979 | 157009 |
| [role of the systems of dna dark repair in determining bacterial and phage sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation in an ecological long-wave range]. | a comparison has been made of sensitivity to far (254 nm), middle (300--315 nm) and near (315--400 nm) uv radiation of 12 strains of e. coli and 2 strains of b. subtilis differing in dna dark repair (dr) capability. the mechanisms controlled by uvra, uvrb, pola, reca, lon, and lexa genes are very effective in cells, irradiated by far and middle uv, but by 15--70% less effective in those irradiated by near uv. as the unirradiated bacteria poorly repair the near uv damaged phages (t7, lambda, sppi ... | 1979 | 158244 |
| the mode of action of primycin. | | 1979 | 158351 |
| spectinomycin-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis with altered sporulation properties. | spectinomycin-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis show three different types of alterations in sporulation ability. class 1 mutants can both grow and sporulate in the presence of spectinomycin. class 2 mutants can grow in the presence of spectinomycin, but are unable to sporulate in either the presence or absence of spectinomycin. class 3 mutants have a conditional phenotype, and are able to sporulate in the absence of spectinomycin, but not in its presence. the ability of these strains to pr ... | 1979 | 158699 |
| changes in the nih guidelines for recombinant dna research (appendix 1: january to may, 1979). | | 1979 | 159208 |
| short-term tests for carcinogens and mutagens. | | 1979 | 159413 |
| synthesis and antitumor properties of 7-deoxy-7-[(cis- and trans-3-aminocyclohexane)thio]carminomycinone. | the synthesis of analogues of carminomycin in which the daunosamine group has been replaced by (cis- and trans-3-aminocyclohexane)thio moieties is described. the new compounds were found to exhibit none of the antitumor or antibiotic activity associated with carminomycin. | 1979 | 160462 |
| phosphorylation of streptozotocin during uptake via the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system in escherichia coli. | mutants of escherichia coli k-12, staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus subtilis defective in the general components (enzyme i, or hpr, or both) of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system are shown to be resistant to the antibiotic streptozotocin. it is shown here, employing 32p-labeled phosphoenolpyruvate, that wild-type cells of e. coli phosphorylate streptozotocin, whereas with a phosphotransferase system-defective mutant of e. coli the drug is recovered in an unaltered, free fo ... | 1979 | 161156 |
| changes in the nih guidelines for recombinant dna research (appendix 2: june-august, 1979). | | 1979 | 161243 |
| [effect of the detergent metaupon on replication of various phages]. | as several other surfactants do, the detergent metaupon acts on the multiplication of bacteriophages. we investigated the influence of metaupon on the phages phi and lambda, the cyanophage lpp-1, and the rna-phages f 2, m 12, and q beta by means of the agar diffusion test, pour plate test, adsorption test, and one-step growth test. the action of metaupon on the free phages was also tested. metaupon inhibits the formation of plaques by the phages with exception of lambda. with the phages f 2 and ... | 1979 | 161679 |
| protamine and polyarginine bacteriolysis. similarities in its mechanism with chromatin dna picnosis. | protamine and polyarginine had bacteriolytic effects indicating their primary sites of action as being wall components and showing bacterial diversity genetically determined. shake-incubation was required in producing cell-lysis. studies on bacillus subtilis revealed a high polycation multiplicity per cell in lytic event displaying multihit lysing kinetics; bacteriolysis was inhibited by trypsin, pronase, purified polyanionic wall polysaccharide, and by dissociative actions of salt hypermolariti ... | 1979 | 161838 |
| inhibition of bacteriophage pbs2 replication in bacillus subtilis by phleomycin. | phleomycin is an effective inhibitor of the replication of bacillus subtilis bacteriophage pbs2, whose dna contains uracil instead of thymine. phleomycin does not affect the induction of the known phage enzymes involved in deoxyribonucleotide metabolism. but phage dna synthesis is severely inhibited by phleomycin, and late virion protein synthesis is eliminated. these effects appear to result from a phleomycin-induced degradation of the parental phage dna. similar inhibitory and degradative effe ... | 1975 | 163361 |
| regulation of dihydrodipicolinate synthase and aspartate kinase in bacillus subtilis. | the regulation of dihydrodipicolinate synthase (ec 4.2.1.52) and aspartate kinase (ec 2.7.2.4) was studied in bacillus subtilis 168. starvation for lysine gave depression of one aspartate kinase isoenzyme but not of dihydrodipicolinate synthase. strains resistant to growth inhibition by the lysine analogue thiosine exhibited constitutively derepressed synthesis of one aspartate kinase isoenzyme but had normal levels of dihydrodipicolinate synthase. the data provide strong evidence that lysine is ... | 1975 | 163819 |
| competent bacillus subtilis cultures synthesize a denatured dna binding activity. | a protein activity has been detected in soluble extracts of competent cultures of bacillus subtilis which protects denatured dna from nuclease solubilization. both binding activity and competence development occur simultaneously but not coordinately, since the peak of binding activity appears 3 hr after the peak of competence. the binding activivity is not detected in physiologically noncompetent cultures, in an isogenic noncompetent cultures, in an isogenic noncompetent mutant grown through the ... | 1975 | 164019 |
| occurrence and biosynthesis of ribothymidine in trnas of b. subtilis. | | 1975 | 164388 |
| depression by nad of x-ray-induced repair-type dna synthesis in toluene-treated bacillus subtilis. | nad prevents a dna repair-type synthesis that is dependent on polymerase i in toluene-treated, x-irradiated bacillus subtilis. in unirradiated preparations, nad had little effect on an atp-dependent, semiconservative synthesis but partially inhibited a repair-type synthesis. in a mutant lacking polymerase i (pola1-), the presence of nad did not affect dttp utilization in dna synthesis. nicotinamide mononucleotide (nmn) partially reverses the nad inhibition of repair-type dna synthesis. nadp and ... | 1975 | 164915 |
| relationship between the dna content and mesosome number in cells of bacillus. | in cells of bacillus there is evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid forms an association with some membranous structure within the cell, possibly mesosomes. cells of varieties of bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis were examined to see if any quantitative relationship existed between the numbers of mesosomes and dna content. no direct relationship could be domonstrated. however, cells of bacillus cereus var. alesti a(-) maintained a characteristic and constant dna content and number of mesosomes ... | 1975 | 164998 |
| effects of dna-polymerase-defective and recombination-deficient mutations on the ultraviolet sensitivity of bacillus subtilis spores. | the dna of uv-irradiated bacillus subtilis spores, which contains 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine (tdht) as the major thymine photoproduct, is known to be repaired during germination by two complementary mechanisms: (i) the well-known excision repair, and (2) a special process, "spore repair", which destroys tdht in situ without rendering it acid-soluble. in the absence of both mechanisms tdht is not removed, and spores are highly uv-sensitive. when either of two mutations (pol-59 and pol-151) giv ... | 1975 | 165401 |
| typist: effect of glucose and cyclic nucleotides on the transcription of alpha-amylase mrha in bacillus subtilis. | | 1975 | 165810 |
| [isolation and characterization of mutants of bacillus subtilis resistant to polymyxin]. | | 1975 | 167795 |
| stereochemistry of the hydrogen transfer to nad catalyzed by (s)alanine dehydrogenase from bacillus subtilis. | the stereochemistry of the hydrogen transfer to nad catalyzed by (s)alanine dehydrogenase [ (s)alanine: nad oxidoreductase (ec 1.4.1.1) ] from b. subtilis was investigated. the label at c-2 of (s) [2,3--3h] alanine was enzymatically transferred to nad, and the [4--3h]nadh produced isolated and the stereochemistry at c-4 investigated. it was found that the label was exclusively located at the (r) position which indicates that (s)alanine dehydrogenase is an a-type enzyme. this result was confirmed ... | 1975 | 167853 |
| regulatory properties of purified 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase from bacillus subtilis. | 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-phosphoglycerate:nad oxidoreductase, ec. 1.1.1.95) was purified from bacillus subtilis by conventional methods. the final preparation was homogeneous by electrophoretic analysis and had a sedimentation constant of 6.3 s. on the basis of gel filtration data the enzyme had a molecular weight of about 166000. the plot of velocity versus phosphoglycerate concentration was biphasic while similar plots for hydroxypyruvate phosphate and nadh were the conventional hyp ... | 1975 | 168067 |
| existence of two alternative pathways for fructose and sorbitol metabolism in bacillus subtilis marburg. | strains of bacillus subtilis mutated for fructose phosphotransferase system (frua), fructose-1-phosphate kinase (frub), fructokinase (frucc) have been tested for their catabolism of sorbitol and fructose. it is shown that the previously known pathways of sorbitol and fructose degradation in b. subtilis, e.g.: (see article) may metabolize intracellular fructose produced either by sorbitol oxidation or by fructose-1-phosphate dephosphorylation. the intracellular fructore degradation via fructose-1 ... | 1975 | 168069 |
| interactions of heteroaromatic compounds with nucleic acids. 2. influence of substituents on the base and sequence specificity of intercalating ligands. | this paper presents the results of a systematic study on the effects of substituents on the base and sequence specificity of tricyclic heteroaromatic compounds interacting with dna by intercalation. all the compounds tested are derived from proflavine and acridine orange analogs with different heteroatoms in the middle ring. their base and sequence specificities were determined by differential dialysis of the ligand against dna samples of differing g-c content. the main results indicate that (a) ... | 1975 | 168079 |
| on the effect of n-methyl-bis (3-mesyloxypropyl) amine hydroxychloride on bacillus subtilis cells. | n-methyl-bis (3-mesyloxypropyl)amine hydrochloride is now in use as an antitumer drug. in view of its activity against some bacteria the present work was conducted to study its mode of action of bacillus subtilis. the compound was found to induce irreversible damage to bacterial dna whereas its effect on rna was temporary and depending on maintenance of effective concentrations of the compound. | 1975 | 168172 |
| pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway of baccillus subtilis. | biochemical and genetic data were obtained from a series of 51 pyr- strains of bacillus subtilis. the observed enzymatic deficiencies allowed the mutants to be placed into 12 clases, some of which represent defects in more than one of the six known pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes. mapping analysis by transformation has shown that all the pyr- mutations are located in a single small area of the b. subtilis genome. a correlation of the biochemical defects and the genetic data has been made. those ... | 1975 | 169225 |
| the sterilization of gutta-percha points. | the traditional methods employed for the sterilization of gutta-percha points are unsatisfactory. the use of propylene oxide for this purpose is described and experimental evidence is advanced to support this use. | 1975 | 169776 |
| synthesis of coenzymically active soluble and insoluble macromolecularized nad+ derivatives. | alkylation at n-1 of the nad+ adenine ring with 3,4-epoxybutanoic acid, followed by chemical reduction to the alkali-stable nadh form and alkaline dimroth rearrangement, gave the nadh derivative alkylated at the exocyclic adenine amino group. enzymic reoxidation of the latter derivative gave nicotinamide-6-(2-hydroxy-3-carboxypropylamino)purine dinucleotide, a functionalized nad+ analogue carrying an omega-carboxyalkyl side-chain at the exocyclic adenine amino group. carbodiimide coupling of the ... | 1975 | 170091 |
| purification and characterization of shikimate kinase enzyme activity in bacillus subtilis. | in bacillus subtilis shikimate kinase enzyme activity can be demonstrated when a small polypeptide forms a trifunctional complex with the bifunctional enzyme 3-deoxy-d-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate synthetase-chorismate mutase. the shikimate kinase polypeptide whoch carries the catalytic site has been purified to homogeneity by a five-step procedure. the skikimate kinase was determined to have a molecular weight of 10,000 by superfine sephadex g-75 thin layer chromatography and by calculation ... | 1975 | 170268 |
| mode of action of polymyxin b: physiological studies with bacillus subtilis-resistant mutant. | polymyxin b resistance in bacillus subtilis can be suppressed by the synergistic action of lysozyme or of an analogous cell wall lytic activity released by b. subtilis spores during germination. such a synergistic effect is probably due to partial cell-wall digestion by lysozyme that allows polymyxin to reach its site of action and is therefore distinct from the analogous synergistic effect described by other authors in escherichia coli. in the latter case polymyxin b probably damaged the outer ... | 1975 | 170857 |
| the pyridine nucleosidases from bacillus subtilis and neurospora crassa. isolation and structural properties. | | 1975 | 170869 |
| dicarboxylic acid transport in membrane vesicles from bacillus subtilis. | membrane vesicles isolated from bacillus subtilis w23 catalyze active transport of the c4 dicarboxylic acids l-malate, fumarate, and succinate under aerobic conditions in the presence of the electron donor reduced beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or the non-physiological electron donor system ascorbate-phenazine methosulfate. the dicarboxylic acids are accumulated in unmodified form. inhibitors of the respiratory chain, sulfhydryl reagents, and uncoupling agents inhibit the accumulation of ... | 1975 | 171251 |
| competitive inhibition of transformation in group h streptococcus strain challis by heterologous deoxyribonucleic acid. | glucosylated deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) from phages t4 and t6 competes poorly with homologous dna causing only a slight decrease of transformation in group h streptococcus strain challis. other types of heterologous dnas (micrococcus luteus, clostridium perfringens, escherichia coli, calf thymus and non-glucosylated phage t6 dna), in contrast to glucosylated t4 and t6 dnas, compete with transforming dna to the normal, high extent. these results indicate that as in transformation of bacillus sub ... | 1975 | 172490 |
| bacterial food-poisoning. | | 1975 | 173111 |
| base composition studies on mitochondrial 4 s rna from rat liver and morris hepatomas 5123d and 7777. | the major and modified base composition of mitochondrial 4 s rna from rat liver and from morris hepatomas 5123d and 7777 has been determined for 16 constituents using a chemical tritium-derivative method. the base composition of these mitochondrial 4 s rna preparations was compared with the base composition of cytoplasmic and bacterial (escherichia coli b and bacillus subtilis) 4-s rnas. the results of these studies are: 1. when compared with cytoplasmic 4 s rna, the liver and hepatoma mitochond ... | 1976 | 174749 |
| antibacterial activity of 15-azasteroids alone and in combination with antibiotics. | a new class of 15-azasteroid analogues has been synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. the compounds 1, 10, 11, 11a-tetrahydro-7-methoxy-11a-methyl-2h-naphth (1,2-g) indol (methoxyimine) and 1,10,11,11a-tetrahydro-11a-methyl-2h-naphth (1,2-g) indol-7-ol (hydroxyimine) inhibit the growth of bacillus subtillis and escherichia coli at concentrations as low as 10-5 m. addition of either compound to the growth medium casued a rapid inhibition in the transport of radioactive glucose, uraci ... | 1976 | 179169 |
| influence of several nucleotides on the competence development of bacillus subtilis. | the influence of adenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp) and other nucleotides on the competence development of bacillus subtilis was studied. the stimulation of competence which can be achieved by exposing physiologically low-competent cells to supernatants from highly competent cultures can be inhibited with different camp doses. when the same cells were suspended in a minimal medium with camp, varying degrees of stimulatin- of competence were observed depending on the time of addition of ... | 1976 | 179487 |
| respiratory chain linked ferricy anide reduction drives active transport in membrane vesicles from bacillus subtilis. | | 1975 | 179862 |
| nucleotide sequence of 5 s ribosomal rna precursor from bacillus subtilis. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a 179-nucleotide precursor (p5a) of 5 s ribosomal rna from bacillus subtilis is presented. in addition to the 116-nucleotide mature segment, the p5a molecule contains 21 additional nucleotides at its 5' end and 42 at its 3' terminus. structural features within the p5a molecule which possibly interact with a specific maturation endonuclease (rnase m5) are identifiable. these include 2-fold rotational symmetry about the cleavage sites, which may approximately p ... | 1976 | 179998 |
| evolution of the digestive microflora in a unit of specified-pathogen-free mice: efficiency of the barrier. | rhoico strain], barrier-maintained since 1970, is described. some "contaminants" appeared spontaneously during the period 1971-1973, but microorganisms belonging to the genera lactobacillus streptococcus, enterobacteria, escherichia and bacillus remained stable. the methods of investigation used were not suitable for the assessment of strictly anaerobic strains. the stability of the digestive microflora durine the last 2 years of this study is believed to be related to the skill and conscientiou ... | 1976 | 180327 |
| evaluation of "instant" preparation of the colon with povidone-iodine. | the antimicrobial effect of 20 minutes exposure to 10% povidone-iodine solution and to 5% neomycin-erythromycin solution was evaluated in vitro in 6 suspensions of dog feces. povidone-iodine eliminated aerobic growth (p less than 0.001) and reduced anaerobes 4.01 +/- 1.06 (p less than 0.02); c. perfringens was the only anaerobic organism grown. forty unprepared dogs underwent resection of the sigmoid colon and primary anastomosis. twenty received normal saline and 20 povidone-iodine injected int ... | 1976 | 180916 |
| biochemical characterization and visualization of plasma membrane-dna-protein complexes from bacillus subtilis. | subcellular fractions containing plasma membranes with bound dna and associated proteins were isolated from two different cultures of bacillus subtilis 168 growing exponentially at different rates. differences in the contents of individual between the dissociated complexes, established electrophoretically, can be explained by dynamic binding of the proteins to dna, resulting in a control of dna, resulting in a control of dna replication. electron microphotographs of isolated complexes display, i ... | 1976 | 181299 |
| the restriction endonucleases in bacillus amyloliquefaciens n strain. substrate specificities. | two species of restriction endonuclease were isolated by gel filtration and deae-cellulose chromatography from a cell-free extract of bacillus amyloliquefaciens (b. subtilits) n strain; a lower molecular weight endonuclease (endonuclease r.bamni) and a higher molecular-weight one (endonuclease r.bamnx). both of them required only mg2+ for their activities. endonuclease r.bamnx introduced a larger number of site-specific scissions in excherchia coli phage lambda dna that endonuclease r.bamni did. ... | 1976 | 182257 |
| isolation and properties of a cyclic guanosine-monophosphate sensitive intracellular ribonuclease from bacillus subtilis. | a ribonuclease was isolated and completely purified from sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis. this rnase has a m.w. of about 150,000 daltons. it hydrolyzes single stranded rna and single stranded synthetic polynucleotides yielding nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. the enzyme is an exonuclease which degrades polynucleotides from the 3'-end in the direction of the 5'-terminal. the rnase activity is strikingly inhibited by cgmp and to a lesser extent by camp. this inhibition (ki = 0.1 mm) is of a no ... | 1976 | 182287 |
| manganese requirement of phosphoglycerate phosphomutase and its consequences for growth and sporulation of bacillus subtilis. | in the absence of manganese, rapidly metabolizable carbohydrates such as glucose or glycerol are not completely metabolized by bacillus subtilis growing in a nutrient sporulation medium: 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3pga) accumulates inside the cells, growth stops at a low cell titer, and normal sporulation remains suppressed (no prespore septa). upon the addition of manganese, 3pga disappears, growth resumes, and normal sporulation takes place. these effects results from a specific manganese require ... | 1976 | 182667 |
| genetic control of the glp system in bacillus subtilis. | in pleiotropic negative glycerol utilization mutants (glppi mutants) of bacillus subitilis, glycerol kinase and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (g3p) dehydrogenase are noninducible. glppi mutants also fail to take up exogenous [14c]g3p. to study the regulation of the glp system in b. subtilis phenotypically, glp+ revertants were isolated from glppi mutants. four classes of revertants were identified: phenotypically, wild type; r1 type, which contains an informational suppressor, r2 type, which produced ... | 1976 | 182672 |
| steroid receptors: elements for modulation of eukaryotic transcription. | | 1976 | 183602 |
| biochemical effects in bacillus subtilis after treatment with the mycotoxin patulin. | | 1976 | 184606 |
| effect of nisin on heat resistance and gas production of some spore-formers. | | 1976 | 185844 |
| stereomicroscopic observations on crystalline inclusions in sporulating bacillus subtillis cells. | | 1976 | 186552 |
| preparation of artifical vesicles having an l-alanine uptake activity which requires nadh as energy source. | | 1976 | 187187 |
| chromatin receptors for thyroid hormones. interactions of the solubilized proteins with dna. | thyroid hormone-responsive tissues contain chromatin "receptor" proteins that are concentrated in chromatin subfractions enriched in dna. these receptors appear to be dna-binding proteins. in the present study, we utilized a dna-cellulose binding assay to further examine the interactions of solubilized receptors with dna. [125i]triiodothyronine associates with receptors bound to dna-cellulose, whereas free [i]triiodothyronine and [125i]triiodothyronine associated with other proteins does not. th ... | 1976 | 187584 |
| isolation and characterization of hydrophobic proteins (h proteins) in the membrane fraction of bacillus subtilis. involvement in membrane biosynthesis and the formation of biochemically active membrane vesicles by combining h proteins with lipid. | cytoplasmic membranes of bacillus subtilis, grown in complex medium containing glucose, were fractionated into three membrane subfractions [light band (1.155 - 1.158 g/cm3); medium band (1.181 - 1.183 g/cm3); heavy band (1.21 - 1.25 g/cm3)] by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. among these subfractions, the light and medium bands consisted mainly of membranes but the heavy band consisted of an irregular arrangement or aggregate of small globular protein components of 5 - 8 nm in diameter. ... | 1976 | 188652 |
| pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphokinase and the mode of rna turnover in bacillus subtilis. | a protein catalyzing the phosphorylation of cmp to cdp was purified and characterized. kinase activity for ump copurified during ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose and hydroxylapatite chromatography, and gel filtration on sephadex g-75, the ratios of activities for the two substrates remaining constant. the purified product, possessing both activities was homogeneous as judged by the single band following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the protein showed no kinase activity again ... | 1976 | 189719 |
| [microbial resistance to formaldehyde. i. comparative quantitative studies in some selected species of vegetative bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, bacteriophages and viruses]. | the resistence of different microorganisms to formaldehyde was determined. as test objects served gram-negative and gram-positive vegetative germs (klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella paratyphi-b, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis), bacterial spores (bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus subtilis), fungi (aspergillus niger, candida albicans), bacteriophages (escherichia coli phages, t1, t2, t3), and viruses (adenovirus, poliomy ... | 1976 | 190825 |
| development and applications of bacillus subtilis test systems for mutagens, involving dna-repair deficiency and suppressible auxotrophic mutations. | a mutagen-tester of bacillus subtilis was constructed and tested with known carcinogens. the parental strain ha101 of okubo and yanagida carrying suppressible nonsense mutations in his and met genes was transformed to carry an excision-repair deficiency mutation. the constructed strain tkj5211 showed a 20--30-fold higher sensitivity for his+ reversion than the parental strain when treated with uv and uv-mimetic chemicals but unchanged mutation frequency with x-rays and methyl methanesulfonate. t ... | 1977 | 191747 |
| inhibition of escherichia coli growth and respiration by polymyxin b covalently attached to agarose beads. | polymyxin b was attached to agarose beads by stable covalent bonds and the antimicrobial activity of the immobilized peptide was examined. polymyxin-agarose inhibited the growth of escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not bacillus subtilis. in addition, the respiration of e. coli, e. coli spheroplasts, and b. subtilis protoplasts was inhibited by immobilized polymyxin, whereas the respiration of b. subtilis was unaffected by polymyxin-agarose. the activity of polymyxin-agarose was no ... | 1977 | 192271 |