| prevalence of ehrlichia canis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) in dogs and rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks from brazil. | the current study evaluated the prevalence of ehrlichia canis donatien and lestoquard in domestic dogs, canis familiaris l., and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (acari: ixodidae) ticks from different areas of brazil. in monte negro county (state of rondônia, brazilian western amazon), the indirect immunofluorescence assay detected e. canis-reactive antibodies (titer > or = 40) in 58/153 (37.9%) and 40/161 (24.8%) dogs from the urban and rural areas, respectively. these values were significa ... | 2007 | 17294930 |
| detection of rickettsia rickettsii and bartonella henselae in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from california. | sixty-two questing adult rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) ticks were collected by direct removal from blades of turfgrass and adjacent concrete walkways at a suburban home in riverside county, ca, and tested for the presence of rickettsia, bartonella, and ehrlichia dna. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify fragments of the 17-kda antigen gene and the rompa gene of the spotted fever group rickettsiae. one male tick contained r. rickettsii dna; its genotype differed from r. rick ... | 2007 | 17294935 |
| immunogenicity of anaplasma marginale type iv secretion system proteins in a protective outer membrane vaccine. | rickettsial pathogens in the genera anaplasma and ehrlichia cause acute infection in immunologically naive hosts and are major causes of tick-borne disease in animals and humans. immunization with purified outer membranes induces protection against acute anaplasma marginale infection and disease, and a proteomic and genomic approach recently identified 21 proteins within the outer membrane immunogen in addition to the well-characterized major surface proteins msp1 to msp5. among the newly descri ... | 2007 | 17339347 |
| detection of ehrlichia canis by pcr in different tissues obtained during necropsy from dogs surveyed for naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. | a molecular study for the detection of ehrlichia canis was carried out on tissues obtained at necropsy from randomly selected dogs with the intention of investigating naturally-occurring canine ehrlichiosis. the tissues evaluated for the presence of e. canis included lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and blood. eight of the 18 dogs included were found to be positive for e. canis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. two dogs were positive for anaplasma pl ... | 2008 | 17368942 |
| immune-mediated erythroid and megakaryocytic aplasia in a cat. | a 6-month-old domestic shorthair cat was evaluated because of acute lethargy. | 2007 | 17397342 |
| comparison of serological assays for the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in animals presenting different clinical manifestations. | three serological methods, indirect fluorescent immunoassay (ifi), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and direct agglutination test (dat) that are commonly employed in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl), have been assessed. a total of 234 domestic dogs, drawn from an area in the municipality of belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil, endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, were submitted to clinical and parasitological examinations and serological assay. sera collected from co ... | 2007 | 17403582 |
| b-cell lymphoma in a dog with ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis) and systemic histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum). | a mixed breed dog treated for ehrlichiosis and systemic histoplasmosis developed a refractory thrombocytopenia. when an abdominal mass was detected, exploratory laparotomy and biopsies confirmed lymphoma, which on immunohistochemical stains was determined to be of b-cell origin. conceivably, the b-cell lymphoma in this dog was associated with chronic inflammation from ehrlichiosis, histoplasmosis, or both. | 2007 | 17436907 |
| ocular manifestations of natural canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis): a retrospective study of 90 cases. | to investigate the spectrum, prevalence and treatment response rate of ocular manifestations associated with natural canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) due to ehrlichia canis. | 2007 | 17445073 |
| seroprevalence of selected infectious agents in a free-ranging, low-density lion population in the central kalahari game reserves in botswana. | twenty-one free-ranging central kalahari lions (panthera leo) exhibited a high prevalence rate of feline herpesvirus (100%) and feline immunodeficiency virus (71.4%). canine distemper virus and feline calicivirus occurred with a low prevalence. all individuals tested negative for feline coronavirus, feline parvovirus, feline leukemia virus, ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum. | 2007 | 17460117 |
| spirochetemia caused by borrelia turicatae infection in 3 dogs in texas. | spirochetemia was diagnosed in 2 siberian huskies and a rottweiler from the northwestern region of texas between june 1999 and october 2001. clinical findings were nonspecific; tick exposure was documented in 2 of the dogs. hematologic abnormalities included anemia (n=2), neutrophilia (n=2, including 1 with a left shift), lymphopenia (n=3), eosinopenia (n=3), and thrombocytopenia (n=2). one anemic dog had a positive coombs' test. in 1 dog, western blot analysis of serum yielded multiple positive ... | 2007 | 17523100 |
| molecular evidence of a new strain of ehrlichia canis from south america. | blood samples from dogs with clinical signs compatible with ehrlichiosis were examined for infection of ehrlichia canis using pcr, multiplex real-time pcr, and dna sequencing analysis. eleven of 25 samples were positive for a new strain of e. canis. this is the first molecular identification of e. canis infection in dogs from peru. | 2007 | 17596368 |
| tick acquisition of ehrlichia canis from dogs treated with doxycycline hyclate. | doxycycline generally alleviates clinical monocytic ehrlichiosis, but its efficacy in the control of monocytotropic ehrlichial pathogens requires further investigation. in this study, ehrlichia canis was detected in dogs treated with doxycycline for 14 days and in ticks fed on these dogs, suggesting that treated dogs can remain reservoirs for e. canis. | 2007 | 17606682 |
| endocrine predictors of mortality in canine babesiosis caused by babesia canis rossi. | this prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was designed to determine the association between the hormones of the pituitary-adrenal and pituitary-thyroid axes and outcome in dogs with naturally occurring babesia canis rossi babesiosis. ninety-five dogs with canine babesiosis were studied and blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein in each dog prior to treatment at admission to hospital. serum cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth), thyroxine, free thyroxine and thyrot ... | 2007 | 17614201 |
| coinfection with multiple tick-borne and intestinal parasites in a 6-week-old dog. | coinfection with ehrlichia canis, babesia canis, hepatozoon canis, isospora spp., giardia spp., and dipylidium caninum were detected in a 6-week-old dog. the effect of multi-pathogen infection was a fatal combination of gastrointestinal and hematologic abnormalities, including diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, distended painful abdomen, intussusception, severe thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hypoproteinemia. | 2007 | 17616060 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene of ehrlichia canis strains in dogs with clinical monocytic ehrlichiosis. | the purpose of this study was to characterize, at the molecular level, the ehrlichia canis strains involved in naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) in greece, and to investigate if any sequence diversity exists between the 16s rrna genes of those involved in the mild non-myelosuppressive or the severe myelosuppressive form of cme. to this end, amplification of the ehrlichial 16s rrna gene was attempted by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays in bone marrow (bm) aspira ... | 2007 | 17624694 |
| molecular characterization of thai ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys strains detected in dogs. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis is of veterinary importance worldwide. in thailand, there has been little information available on e. canis and its phylogeny. the objective of this study was to characterize and establish molecular structure and phylogeny of thai ehrlichia and anaplasma strains. genus-specific primers for ehrlichia and anaplasma were used to amplify the 16s rrna gene from naturally infected canine blood samples, and these amplicon sequences were compared w ... | 2008 | 17643354 |
| ehrlichia canis gp200 contains dominant species-specific antibody epitopes in terminal acidic domains. | species-specific antibody epitopes within several major immunoreactive protein orthologs of ehrlichia species have recently been identified and molecularly characterized. in this study, dominant b-cell epitopes within the acidic (pi 5.35) ankyrin repeat-containing 200-kda major immunoreactive protein (gp200) of ehrlichia canis were defined. the e. canis gp200 gene (4,263 bp; 1,421 amino acids) was cloned and expressed as four (n-terminal, 1,107 bp; n-internal, 910 bp; c-internal, 1,000 bp; and c ... | 2007 | 17682040 |
| screening dogs in ontario for borrelia burgdorferi and ehrlichia canis should be selective rather than routine. | | 2007 | 17824154 |
| molecular evaluation of the incidence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys and babesia spp. in dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichiacanis is endemic in many regions of brazil. since thrombocytopenia is a common finding in infected dogs, many clinicians tend to use it as an indication for antibiotic treatment. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nested pcr were used to study the presence of e. canis, anaplasma platys and babesia spp. in thrombocytopenic and non-thrombocytopenic dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil. despite the high prevalence of e. canis infection among thrombocyto ... | 2009 | 17920967 |
| development of a sensitive and specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a baculovirus recombinant antigen for detection of specific antibodies against ehrlichia canis. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on baculovirus recombinant p30 protein of ehrlichia canis and the 1bh4 anticanine igg monoclonal antibody was developed and evaluated by examining a panel of 98 positive and 157 negative sera using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test as the reference technique. the p30-based elisa appeared to be sensitive and specific (77.55% and 95.54%, respectively) when qualitative results (positive/negative) were compared with those of the ... | 2007 | 17998551 |
| surveillance for zoonotic vector-borne infections using sick dogs from southeastern brazil. | for many vector-borne organisms, dogs can be used as sentinels to estimate the risk of human infection. the objective of this study was to use dogs as sentinels for multiple vector-borne organisms in order to evaluate the potential for human infection with these agents in southeastern brazil. blood from 198 sick dogs with clinicopathological abnormalities consistent with tick-borne infections were selected at the são paulo state university veterinary teaching hospital in botucatu and tested for ... | 2007 | 18021025 |
| outbreak of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in saudi arabia. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) is a widespread tickborne infection of canids caused by ehrlichia canis, a gram-negative obligatory intracellular bacteria belonging to the family anaplasmataceae. cme is reported to have worldwide distribution, but its presence in a region requires the presence of the vector, the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. | 2007 | 18041697 |
| [frequency of antibodies anti-ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi and dirofilaria immitis antigens in dogs from microrregion ilhéus-itabuna, state of bahia, brazil]. | in order to detect the positivity to antigens of dirofilaria immitis, antibodies anti-borrelia burgdorferi and anti-ehrlichia canis, 200 canine blood samples were collected as followed: 100 from the municipality of ilhéus and 100 from itabuna, state of bahia. the kit snap 3dx (idexx laboratories) was used to performe serology. none of the tested animalswere positive for antigens of d. immitis. only two dogs of them were positive for antibodies anti-b. burgdorferi. from all the samples analyzed, ... | 2007 | 18078596 |
| prevalence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and rickettsia spp. in dogs from grenada. | to identify the tick-borne pathogens in dogs from grenada, we conducted a serologic survey for ehrlichia canis in 2004 (104 dogs) and a comprehensive serologic and molecular survey for a variety of tick-borne pathogens in 2006 (73 dogs). in 2004 and 2006, 44 and 32 dogs (42.3% and 43.8%) were seropositive for e. canis, respectively. in 2006, several tick-borne pathogens were identified by serology and pcr. dna of e. canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, and bartonella ... | 2008 | 18160223 |
| doxycycline clearance of experimentally induced chronic ehrlichia canis infection in dogs. | ineffective clearance of ehrlichia canis after doxycycline administration has been reported despite the fact that the recommended treatment for canine ehrlichiosis is doxycycline. the effectiveness of doxycycline in clearing e canis infection from the blood and tissues of dogs requires additional evaluation. | 2007 | 18196732 |
| the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) (acari: ixodidae): from taxonomy to control. | rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly known as the brown dog tick, is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dogs and occasionally on other hosts, including humans. r. sanguineus ticks are widely distributed around the world and they are known vectors of pathogens, such as babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, and rickettsia conorii. the increasing number of cases of human parasitism by r. sanguineus ticks reported in the literature indicates that the interaction between humans and r. sanguineus ticks ... | 2008 | 18280045 |
| serological and molecular prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and ehrlichia species in dogs from minnesota. | a population of 731 naturally exposed pet dogs examined at a private practice in baxter, minnesota, an area endemic for lyme disease and anaplasmosis, was tested by serological and molecular methods for evidence of exposure to or infection with selected vector-borne pathogens. serum samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi, and ehrlichia canis antibodies and for dirofilaria immitis antigen. blood samples from 273 dogs we ... | 2008 | 18302532 |
| application of 10% imidacloprid/50% permethrin to prevent ehrlichia canis exposure in dogs under natural conditions. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) caused by ehrlichia canis is the most known canine tick-borne disease (tbd) spread throughout the world. preventing tick bites is a priority to reduce the risk of tbds and it was the aim of the present study to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10% and permethrin 50% (imper) (advantix; bayer ag, germany) in a spot-on formulation to control cme under field conditions. on january-march 2005, 845 dogs from two kennels in southern italy (kenne ... | 2008 | 18359166 |
| succinate dehydrogenase gene arrangement and expression in anaplasma phagocytophilum. | dna sequencing of the region directly downstream of the anaplasma phagocytophilum (strain mrk) 16s rrna gene identified homologues of sdhc and sdhd; however, further sequencing by gene walking failed to identify additional sdh gene homologues. the sequence downstream of sdhd identified a partial gene, pep1, predicted to encode a protein >35.3 kda with 26.3% identity to a hypothetical ehrlichia canis protein with no known function. the recently completed sequence of the a. phagocytophilum genome ... | 2008 | 18378408 |
| experimental and field studies on the suitability of raccoons (procyon lotor) as hosts for tick-borne pathogens. | we investigated the experimental susceptibility and natural exposure of raccoons (procyon lotor) to five tick-borne pathogens of human and veterinary importance, ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, anaplasma phagocytophilum (apvariant 1 and ap-ha hge-1 strains), and borrelia lonestari. infections were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) testing, and/or culture isolation methods for at least 30 days postinoculation (dpi). two e. chaffeensis-in ... | 2008 | 18429696 |
| serosurvey of pathogens in domestic dogs on the border of noël kempff mercado national park, bolivia. | the threat of disease transmission from domestic animals to wildlife has become recognized as an increasing concern within the wildlife community in recent years. domestic dogs pose a significant risk as reservoirs for infectious diseases, especially for wild canids. as part of a multifaceted ecologic study of maned wolves and other canids in the large, remote noël kempff mercado national park (nkmnp) in northeastern bolivia, 40 domestic dogs in two villages and at two smaller settlements border ... | 2008 | 18432094 |
| validation of an in-clinic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses. | confirmation of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses has required enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) or western blot tests performed by reference laboratories. an in-clinic c6 elisa snap kit has been marketed for dogs. this canine kit was evaluated for horses using serum from experimentally infected ponies. serum samples originated from 2 previous studies. in the first study, 7 ponies were exposed to b. burgdorferi-infected ticks; 4 ponies served as uninfected controls. serum samples ... | 2008 | 18460618 |
| genetic and antigenic diversities of major immunoreactive proteins in globally distributed ehrlichia canis strains. | the extent of knowledge regarding the diversity of globally distributed ehrlichia canis strains has been limited to information gained from a few evolutionarily conserved genes. in this study, e. canis strains from the united states (strain jake [us]), brazil (strain são paulo [br]), and israel (strain 611 [is] and ranana [is-r]) were used to examine the antigenic and genetic diversities of four well-characterized major immunoreactive protein genes/proteins. gp36 and gp200 were the most divergen ... | 2008 | 18480237 |
| molecular detection of tick-borne protozoal and ehrlichial infections in domestic dogs in south africa. | a total of 1,138 blood specimens were collected over a 6-year period (2000-2006) from domestic dogs in south africa. specimens from domestic dogs were obtained from the onderstepoort veterinary academic hospital (ovah) in pretoria, the society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (johannesburg, durban, east london and bloemfontein) and private practices from four provinces (gauteng, mpumalanga, kwazulu-natal and western cape). all specimens were screened for babesia, theileria, hepatozoon an ... | 2008 | 18502588 |
| a quantitative real-time pcr assay for ehrlichia ruminantium using pcs20. | heartwater is a tick borne disease that affects ruminants and wild animals in africa south of the sahara. it is caused by ehrlichia ruminantium and transmitted by the tick amblyomma hebraeum. the protocols currently used to detect heartwater take several days to complete. here, we describe the development of a pcs20 quantitative real-time pcr taqman probe assay to detect e. ruminantium in livestock blood and ticks from the field. the assay is based on the conserved pcs20 gene region of e. rumina ... | 2008 | 18511221 |
| a study of cross-reactivity in serum samples from dogs positive for leishmania sp., babesia canis and ehrlichia canis in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fluorescent antibody test. | to verify the presence of cross-reaction among leishmaniosis, ehrlichiosis and babesiosis in serological diagnostics used in human visceral leishmaniasis control programs, serum samples from leishmaniasis endemic and non-endemic areas were collected and tested by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifat) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). all serum samples from endemic areas were positive for leishmania sp., by elisa and ifat, 51% positive for babesia canis and 43% for ehrlichia canis by ... | 2008 | 18554433 |
| factors associated with the occurrence of epistaxis in natural canine leishmaniasis (leishmania infantum). | canine leishmaniasis (canl) is a common cause of epistaxis in dogs residing in endemic areas. the pathogenesis of canl-associated epistaxis has not been fully explored because of the limited number of cases reported so far. | 2008 | 18564224 |
| serological reactivity to ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, neorickettsia risticii, borrelia burgdorferi and rickettsia conorii in dogs from northwestern spain. | the aim of the present work was to investigate the seroprevalence against ehrlichia canis (ec), anaplasma phagocytophilum (ap), neorickettsia risticii (nr), rickettsia conorii (rc), and borrelia burgdorferi (bb) in two different clusters of canine samples from northwestern spain. cluster 1 included 479 dogs presented at veterinary clinics located in ourense and pontevedra. cluster ii included 170 dogs from the public kennel of ourense. all 649 canine serum samples were analyzed by immunofluoresc ... | 2008 | 18597660 |
| canine infection by rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in southern brazil. | this study evaluated the infection caused by rickettsia and ehrlichia agents among dogs in southern brazil. a total of 389 dogs were tested by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) for rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, rickettsia amblyommii, rickettsia rhipicephali, rickettsia bellii, and ehrlichia canis. overall, 42.4% (165/389) of the dogs were seroreactive to at least one rickettsia species, but only 11 canine sera reacted with another rickettsia species without reacting with r ... | 2008 | 18606772 |
| a survey for infection with dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi, and babesia canis in feral and client-owned dogs in the turks and caicos islands, british west indies. | the frequency of infection with dirofilaria immitis and babesia canis and seropositivity to ehrlichia canis and borrelia burgdorferi in feral and client-owned dogs was determined. feral dogs were 14.8 and 11.2 times more likely to be seropositive to d. immitis and e. canis, respectively, than were client-owned dogs. none of the dogs tested positive for b. burgdorferi or b. canis. | 2008 | 18624070 |
| serum cardiac troponin i concentration in dogs with ehrlichiosis. | ehrlichiosis is a multisystemic disease with the potential to cause cardiomyocyte injury in naturally infected dogs. | 2008 | 18638021 |
| detection of ehrlichia canis by polymerase chain reaction in dogs from portugal. | antibodies against ehrlichia canis, the cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, have been reported previously in clinically ill and stray dogs from portugal. in this study, the 16s rrna gene of e. canis was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 12/55 (22%) of dogs with suspected tick-borne disease in the algarve region in portugal. | 2009 | 18682335 |
| detection of a theileria species in dogs in south africa. | a theileria species was detected by pcr in blood samples collected from dogs in the pietermaritzburg area and was also found in dogs presented at the outpatients clinic of the onderstepoort veterinary academic hospital (ovah), in the pretoria area, south africa. in the pietermaritzburg area, 79 of the 192 samples were positive, while 3 out of 1137 of the onderstepoort samples were positive. three positive samples from pietermaritzburg were co-infected with ehrlichia canis. pcr positive samples w ... | 2008 | 18687528 |
| canine vector-borne diseases in brazil. | abstract: canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) are highly prevalent in brazil and represent a challenge to veterinarians and public health workers, since some diseases are of great zoonotic potential. dogs are affected by many protozoa (e.g., babesia vogeli, leishmania infantum, and trypanosoma cruzi), bacteria (e.g., anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis), and helminths (e.g., dirofilaria immitis and dipylidium caninum) that are transmitted by a diverse range of arthropod vectors, including tick ... | 2008 | 18691408 |
| epidemiological and molecular study of ehrlichia canis in dogs in bahia, brazil. | the objective of the present article was an epidemiological and molecular study of ehrlichia canis in dogs of ilhéus and itabuna in bahia, as well as an evaluation of associated risk factors. blood samples were collected from 153 dogs and dna was extracted and analyzed by the nested-polymerase chain reaction, using one pair of primers to detect ehrlichia bacteria and another pair to detect the presence of e. canis. of the 153 animals, 12 (7.8%) were polymerase chain reaction-positive for e. cani ... | 2008 | 18752193 |
| results from an indirect fluorescent antibody test using three different strains of ehrlichia canis. | an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test is usually performed to detect antibodies in dogs naturally infected by ehrlichia canis. in this work, results obtained using three different e. canis strains as antigen (a commercial antigen, the e. canis oklahoma strain and the e. canis madrid strain) were compared. one hundred and forty-nine serum samples obtained from dogs living in the centre of spain were analysed. when qualitative results were evaluated, identical results were detected in 87.2% ... | 2009 | 18760641 |
| cultivation and molecular identification of ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia chaffeensis from a naturally co-infected dog in venezuela. | diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis in venezuela is normally performed by examination of buffy coat smears (bcs). characteristic inclusion bodies are frequently observed in leukocytes and platelets from dogs with clinical signs of the disease. | 2008 | 18761516 |
| laboratory maintenance of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis and recovery of organisms for molecular biology and proteomics studies. | tick-borne illnesses are emerging as a major concern for human health in recent years. these include the human monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by the amblyomma americanum tick-transmitted bacterium, ehrlichia chaffeensis; human ewingii ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia ewingii (also transmitted by a. americanum ticks); and human granulocytic anaplasmosis caused by the ixodes scapularis tick-transmitted pathogen, anaplasma phagocytophilum. likewise, tick-borne rickettsial pathogens are also a major ... | 2008 | 18770537 |
| serological survey of ehrlichia canis in stray dogs from yucatan, mexico, using two different diagnostic tests. | canine ehrlichiosis is a disease produced by the rickettsial organism ehrlichia canis. reported prevalence may vary greatly depending on the test and sampling method used. for the serological detection of antibodies against e. canis, the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (ifa) is considered the gold standard. however, other available serological techniques such as the indirect immunoperoxidase technique (ipt) have not yet been tested and may be efficient in detecting specific antibodies. ... | 2009 | 18945189 |
| retrospective clinical and molecular analysis of conditioned laboratory dogs (canis familiaris) with serologic reactions to ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi, and rickettsia rickettsii. | dogs are susceptible to different tickborne infections, including members of the anaplasmataceae (ehrlichia canis, e. ewingii, e. chaffeensis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, a. platys), borrelia burgdorferi, and rickettsia rickettsii. these diseases can manifest with clinical signs including fever, anorexia, malaise, lameness, rash, and bleeding episodes; however, these signs are nonpathognomonic, and infections can occur in the absence of clinical signs. hematologic abnormalities can include leukop ... | 2008 | 18947166 |
| [seroepidemiological evidence of human exposure to anaplasma sp in santiago, chile]. | to find more evidence of human exposure to anaplasma sp in chile, we studied 108 contacts of dogs with canine ehrlichiosis (ce) (risk group) and 61 persons without tick or ce cases contact (control group). a survey including risk factors and history of diseases compatible with ehrlichiosis/ anaplasmosis was applied to the risk group. serum igg anti-anaplasma sp antibodies were determined in both groups. | 2008 | 18949148 |
| host surveys, ixodid tick biology and transmission scenarios as related to the tick-borne pathogen, ehrlichia canis. | the ehrlichioses have been subject to increasing interest from veterinary and public health perspectives, but experimental studies of these diseases and their etiologic agents can be challenging. ehrlichia canis, the primary etiologic agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, is relatively well characterized and offers unique advantages and opportunities to study interactions between a monocytotropic pathogen and both its vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. historically, advances in tick-borne dise ... | 2008 | 18963493 |
| clinical, serological, and molecular evidence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs in tunisia. | a seroepidemiological survey was conducted in five bioclimatic areas of tunisia to determine the prevalence of antibodies to ehrlichia canis and anaplasma phagocytophilum antigens, surrogate markers of the agents of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) and canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis, respectively. among 286 collected sera, 54.2% and 25.2% were seropositive for e. canis and a. phagocytophilum, respectively, by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. clinical and hematological te ... | 2009 | 19018569 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis in dogs from the north of portugal. | tick-transmitted rickettsial pathogens belonging to the ehrlichia and anaplasma genera can infect dogs and humans. in this study, four dogs from the north of portugal, in which an ehrlichial disease was suspected clinically, were tested by molecular methods. after dna extraction from blood on filter paper, a 345 bp fragment of the ehrlichia/anaplasma 16s rrna gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). sequence analysis of pcr products revealed one dog infected with ehrlichia cani ... | 2010 | 19056304 |
| characterization of 'candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris' (family anaplasmataceae) from raccoons (procyon lotor). | recently, a novel ehrlichial organism was isolated from a raccoon (procyon lotor) and the isolate (rac413) was infectious to two naïve raccoons but not laboratory mice, rats or rabbits. in this study, amplification and sequencing of four gene targets (16s rrna gene, groesl, glta and rpob) confirmed that the novel ehrlichial organism was a member of the family anaplasmataceae and was most closely related to, but distinct from, 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' tk4456(r) and is58. rac413 shared ... | 2008 | 19060060 |
| [vector-borne parasites of dogs on the islands of cabo verde]. | during an animal welfare campaign on the islands of cape verde (in the capital praia on the island of santiago) a total of 57 dogs were examined for ectoparasites and blood parasites. 84% of the animals were infested with arthropods, mostly ticks. haemotropic parasites were examined via blood smear, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and/or serology. 23 dogs had single infections, five multiple infections with haemoparasites. in eight dogs ehrlichia canis and in one amaplasma phagocytophilum were d ... | 2008 | 19066773 |
| canine inflammatory myopathy associated with leishmania infantum infection. | inflammatory myopathy associated with several infectious diseases occurs in dogs including those caused by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis. however, muscle disease due to leishmania infection has been poorly documented. the aim of this study was to examine the distribution and types of cellular infiltrates and expression of mhc class i and ii in muscle biopsies obtained from 15 male beagle dogs from a breeder group with an established diagnosis of leishm ... | 2009 | 19084398 |
| comparison between different polymerase chain reaction methods for the diagnosis of ehrlichia canis infection. | the aim of this study was to compare different polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods for the detection of ehrlichia canis in blood samples and to relate these results to clinical findings and serology to e. canis using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test. nine seropositive and nine seronegative dogs were included in this study. dna was extracted once and used in one simple pcr and five nested pcr protocols previously described. in selected dogs (three seropositive and one seronegative ... | 2008 | 19120188 |
| the application of pcr and reverse line blot hybridization to detect arthropod-borne hemopathogens of dogs and cats in trinidad. | arthropod-borne diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality of companion animals in trinidad. as clinical signs are vague, more sensitive methods to diagnose these diseases based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by reverse line blot hybridization (rlb) of amplified products are being developed. an rlb of 14 oligonucleotide probes coupled with polymerase chain-amplified regions of 16s rrna or 18s rrna genes of hemoparasites from cats and dogs detected ehrlichia canis, ... | 2008 | 19120209 |
| antibiotic clearance of ehrlichia canis from dogs infected by intravenous inoculation of carrier blood. | ehrlichia canis is the etiologic agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) and is a useful model for zoonotic tick-borne pathogens, many of which infect dogs. the purpose of this study was to evaluate rifampin and doxycycline regimens for clearance of e. canis infections in addition to alleviation of cme. beagles were infected with e. canis by intravenous inoculation with carrier blood and treated with either rifampin or doxycycline after the acute phase of cme. improved hematological values ... | 2008 | 19120226 |
| atypical clinical presentation of coinfection with ehrlichia, babesia and hepatozoon species in a dog. | | 2009 | 19122221 |
| longitudinal quantification of ehrlichia canis in experimental infection with comparison to natural infection. | ehrlichia canis is a major tick-borne bacterial pathogen of dogs. quantitative real-time pcr was evaluated for the detection of e. canis in naturally (ni) and experimentally infected (ei) dogs. dna was extracted from blood, spleen and conjunctival swabs of experimentally infected dogs pre- and post-infection (pi), and during doxycycline therapy, and from blood and conjunctivas of naturally infected dogs. the primers and probe were designed to amplify a 93bp fragment of the single copy e. canis 1 ... | 2009 | 19128893 |
| toward diagnosing leishmania infantum infection in asymptomatic dogs in an area where leishmaniasis is endemic. | the most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. in february and march 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat), a dipstick assay (ds), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for l. infantum and by ifat for ehrlichia canis. dogs seronegative for l. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by mic ... | 2009 | 19129471 |
| prevalence and geographic distribution of dirofilaria immitis, borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs in the united states: results of a national clinic-based serologic survey. | we evaluated a comprehensive national database that documents canine infection with, or exposure to, four vector-borne disease agents, dirofilaria immitis, borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in order to assess geographic trends in rates of positive tests. while the percent positive test results varied by agent in different regions of the united states, with d. immitis antigen and antibodies to e. canis more commonly identified in dogs from the south (3.9% and 1. ... | 2009 | 19150176 |
| indices of urine n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in clinically normal adult dogs. | to establish reference ranges for indices of urine n-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase (nag) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) activities in clinically normal adult dogs. | 2009 | 19231965 |
| a suspected case of lyme borreliosis in a hunting dog in korea. | a two-year-old male pointer had been presented with anorexia, cachexia, and weight loss of 10-day duration. upon physical examination, fever, lethargy, superficial lymph node enlargement, and tick infestation were noted. the only abnormality in cbc and serum chemistry analyses was mild hyperglobulinemia. spleen was enlarged by radiography, and the lymph nodes showed neutrophilic lymphadenitis by cytological examination. a polymerase chain reaction test for babesiosis and commercial elisa tests f ... | 2009 | 19255531 |
| development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of ehrlichia canis, babesia spp and hepatozoon canis in canine blood. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been developed for simultaneous detection of canine blood parasites, ehrlichia canis, babesia spp and hepatozoon canis, from blood samples in a single reaction. the multiplex pcr primers were specific to e. canis virb9, babesia spp 16s rrna and h. canis 16s rrna genes. specificity of the amplicons was confirmed by dna sequencing. the assay was evaluated using normal canine and infected blood samples, which were detected by microscopic examination. ... | 2009 | 19323031 |
| effects of therapy on haemostasis in dogs infected with leishmania infantum, ehrlichia canis, or both combined. | | 2009 | 19346544 |
| molecular detection of ehrlichia canis in cats in brazil. | | 2009 | 19374643 |
| ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum co-infection: a 3-year longitudinal study in naturally exposed dogs. | | 2009 | 19416288 |
| evaluation of a serum-based pcr assay for the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. | the aim of this study was to estimate the relative diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay in the serum of dogs with naturally occurring non-myelosuppressive canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), and to investigate the association between pcr positivity and immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) titres for ehrlichia canis. serum samples obtained from 38 dogs with non-myelosuppressive cme and 12 healthy dogs were analyzed retrospectively. each serum sample was ... | 2009 | 19419823 |
| major species-specific antibody epitopes of the ehrlichia chaffeensis p120 and e. canis p140 orthologs in surface-exposed tandem repeat regions. | ehrlichia chaffeensis and e. canis have a small subset of tandem repeat (tr)-containing protein orthologs, including p120/p140, which elicit strong antibody responses. the tr regions of these protein orthologs are immunoreactive, but the molecular characteristics of the p120/p140 epitopes have not been determined. in this study, the immunodeterminants of the e. chaffeensis p120 and e. canis p140 were identified and molecularly defined. major antibody epitope-containing regions of both p120 and p ... | 2009 | 19420187 |
| a confusing case of canine vector-borne disease: clinical signs and progression in a dog co-infected with ehrlichia canis and bartonella vinsonii ssp. berkhoffii. | abstract : bartonella spp. are important pathogens in human and veterinary medicine, and bartonellosis is considered as an emerging zoonosis that is being reported with increasing frequency. of 22 known species and subspecies of bartonella, seven have been isolated from dogs, causing disease manifestations similar to those seen in human beings. the wide variety of clinical signs and the possible chronic progression of disease manifestations are illustrated in the case of an infected labrador ret ... | 2009 | 19426442 |
| attenuation of ehrlichia canis by multiple passages in two different cultures. | | 2009 | 19438628 |
| rapid screening and cultivation of ehrlichia canis from refrigerated carrier blood. | | 2009 | 19438630 |
| a molecular and serological study of exposure to tick-borne pathogens in sick dogs from italy. | | 2009 | 19456799 |
| ehrlichia canis phylogenetic analysis of the borgo (corsica) strain. | | 2009 | 19456800 |
| gammaifn ehrlichia canis-specific cell responses. | | 2009 | 19456819 |
| high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an indian reservation in northeastern arizona. | we evaluated the serological and molecular prevalence of selected organisms in 145 dogs during late spring (may/june) of 2005 and in 88 dogs during winter (february) of 2007 from the hopi indian reservation. additionally, in 2005, 442 ticks attached to dogs were collected and identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus. infection with or exposure to at least one organism was detected in 69% and 66% of the dogs in may/june 2005 and february 2007, respectively. exposure to spotted fever group (sfg) ric ... | 2010 | 19469667 |
| an acute severe ehrlichiosis in a dog experimentally infected with a new virulent strain of ehrlichia canis. | | 2009 | 19548986 |
| occurrence of dirofilaria immitis and tick-borne infections caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and ehrlichia canis in domestic dogs in france: results of a countrywide serologic survey. | the occurrence of dirofilaria immitis antigen and antibodies against tick-borne pathogens in french dogs has been analysed based on 1,050 blood samples. serum samples of 919 dogs (group a) were sent for a variety of diagnostic investigations, further 131 dogs (group b) were tested for a tentative diagnosis of heartworm disease. all samples were tested for d. immitis antigen. samples in group a were also tested for specific antibodies against three tick-borne pathogens (anaplasma phagocytophilum, ... | 2009 | 19575231 |
| comparison of two clinic-based immunoassays with the immunofluorescence antibody test for the field diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. | the aim of this study was to compare a clinic-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (immunocomb-eliza, biogal, israel) and a field-based dot-blot enzyme-linked immunoassay (dbelia) with the indirect immunofluoresence antibody test (ifat) used for the field diagnostics of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme). the total test samples was 60; out of them 52 serum samples came from naturally exposed police german shepherd dogs and 8 from adult mongrels infected with viable ehrlichia canis propagated ... | 2009 | 19621766 |
| use of chimeric dna-rna primers in quantitative pcr for detection of ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. | to overcome the problem of nonspecific by-products in quantitative pcr (qpcr) assays, we constructed dna-rna chimeric primers and evaluated their use in the detection and quantification of the ehrlichia canis 16s rrna, babesia canis hsp70, and canine beta-actin genes. several rna bases were incorporated into specific positions in the dna primers, while no rna stretches were allowed. qpcr reactions were carried out without preamplification steps. this resulted in decreased formation of undesirabl ... | 2009 | 19633128 |
| predominance of ehrlichia chaffeensis in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from kennel-confined dogs in limbe, cameroon. | rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks (n = 63) collected from five dogs (two adults and three puppies) housed in a kennel were screened for ehrlichial agents (ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, and e. ewingii) using a species-specific multicolor real-time taqman pcr amplification of the disulphide bond formation protein (dsb) gene. ehrlichia chaffeensis dna was detected in 33 (56%) ticks, e. canis dna was detected in four (6%) ticks, and one tick was coinfected. the e. chaffeensis and e. canis nucleotide ... | 2010 | 19693681 |
| ticks and haemoparasites of dogs from praia, cape verde. | in february 2008 an epidemiological field study on arthropod-borne infections in dogs was carried out in praia, the capital city of cape verde. for this purpose 130 dogs were included in the study. of these, 94.6% were infested with ticks. altogether, 1293 ticks of the genus rhipicephalus (in all evaluated cases r. sanguineus) were collected. examination for haemotropic parasites was performed via polymerase chain reaction (pcr). lymph node fine-needle aspirates were screened by pcr for leishman ... | 2009 | 19729247 |
| [ehrlichia canis in dogs attended in a veterinary hospital from botucatu, são paulo state, brazil]. | this study investigated the etiology of canine ehrlichiosis and possible clinical and epidemiological data associated with the infection in 70 dogs suspect of ehrlichiosis attended at the veterinary hospital of the são paulo state university in botucatu city during 2001 and 2002. dogs were evaluated by clinical-epidemiological and hematological data and molecular analysis by partial amplification and dna sequencing of the ehrlichial dsb gene. e. canis dna was amplified and sequenced in 28 (40.0% ... | 2009 | 19772777 |
| canine ehrlichiosis in the ivory coast and gabon: alteration of biochemical blood parameters based on ehrlichia canis serology. | | 2009 | 19793128 |
| babesia canis and other tick-borne infections in dogs in central poland. | vector-borne infections constitute increasing health problem in dogs worldwide, including sled dogs, dramatically decreasing the fitness of working dogs and even leading to death. in the period 2006-2008 eighty-two blood samples were collected from eight sled dog kennels in central poland. the prevalence of four vector-borne infections (babesia canis, bartonella sp., anaplasma/ehrlichia and borrelia burgdorferi) was estimated in 82 sled dogs using pcr and nested pcr for diagnosis and the same me ... | 2009 | 19837515 |
| absence of myelofibrosis in dogs with myelosuppression induced by ehrlichia canis infection. | bone marrow (bm) pathology was assessed in 10 dogs with ehrlichia canis-induced aplastic pancytopenia. bm core biopsy sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and with haematoxylin/van gieson and gordon and sweets' reticulin stain for the detection of collagen and reticulin fibres, respectively. iron stores were assessed by perls' prussian blue staining. there was no significant deposition of collagen or reticulin in any sample, but in seven dogs the bm was depleted of haemosiderin. the ... | 2010 | 19906384 |
| detection of babesia canis subspecies and other arthropod-borne diseases in dogs from tirana, albania. | summary. the importance of arthropod-borne diseases increased in the recent past in particular due to frequent travel with dogs in or by importing of dogs from regions with endemic occurrence of these diseases. while the epidemiological situation is well known for the western parts of the mediterranean, only limited data is available for eastern europe and the balkans. thirty clinically healthy dogs from suburban areas of tirana, albania, were tested for babesia canis, hepatozoon spp., leishmani ... | 2009 | 19915816 |
| [comparison of nested-pcr with blood smear examination in detection of ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys in dogs]. | the clinical signs of ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys infection are similar, and the diagnosis of these pathogens made by stained blood smears is poor due sensibility and specificity. on the other hand, the molecular diagnosis is highly sensitive and specific and nested-pcr have been optimized for accurate diagnosis these pathogens in dogs. at the veterinary teaching hospital, whole-blood samples with edta were obtained from 100 dogs and smears were made from blood samples for evaluation fo ... | 2009 | 20040193 |
| [cross-reaction evaluation of pcr-anaplasma platys positive dogs tested to anaplasma phagocytophilum antibodies by commercial elisa]. | anaplasma platys, agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia parasites exclusively dogs platelets. its probable vector is the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. among the existent diagnostic methods, the most used include: morulae identification in blood smears; antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence; or dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). recently a new commercial elisa (idexx®), capable of detecting a. phagocytophilum antibodies, has been developed. according to the manuf ... | 2008 | 20059806 |
| the increasing recognition of rickettsial pathogens in dogs and people. | dogs and people are exposed to and susceptible to infection by many of the same tick-borne bacterial pathogens in the order rickettsiales, including anaplasma phagocytophilum, ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, and other spotted fever group rickettsiae. recent findings include descriptions of novel ehrlichia and rickettsia species, recognition of the occurrence and clinical significance of co-infection, and increasing awareness of rhipicephalus sangui ... | 2010 | 20207197 |
| diagnosis of canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis): an overview. | canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (cme), caused by the rickettsia ehrlichia canis, an important canine disease with a worldwide distribution. diagnosis of the disease can be challenging due to its different phases and multiple clinical manifestations. cme should be suspected when a compatible history (living in or traveling to an endemic region, previous tick exposure), typical clinical signs and characteristic hematological and biochemical abnormalities are present. traditional diagnostic tech ... | 2011 | 20226700 |
| canine babesiosis in northern portugal and molecular characterization of vector-borne co-infections. | abstract: | 2010 | 20377861 |
| comparison of selected canine vector-borne diseases between urban animal shelter and rural hunting dogs in korea. | abstract: a serological survey for dirofilaria immitis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, ehrlichia canis, and borrelia burgdorferi infections in rural hunting and urban shelter dogs mainly from southwestern regions of the republic of korea (south korea) was conducted. from a total of 229 wild boar or pheasant hunting dogs, the number of serologically positive dogs for any of the four pathogens was 93 (40.6%). the highest prevalence observed was d. immitis (22.3%), followed by a. phagocytophilum (18.8% ... | 2010 | 20377869 |
| experimental infection and co-infection of dogs with anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis: hematologic, serologic and molecular findings. | abstract: | 2010 | 20377870 |
| imported and travelling dogs as carriers of canine vector-borne pathogens in germany. | abstract: | 2010 | 20377872 |
| severe hepatitis associated with acute ehrlichia canis infection in a dog. | | 2010 | 20384948 |
| prevalence of dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, and borrelia burgdorferi in pet dogs, racing greyhounds, and shelter dogs in florida. | arthropod vectors of canine infectious diseases are present throughout florida. since crowded housing has the potential to bring vectors and infected dogs into close proximity, it is possible that prevalence of infection is higher in intensely housed dogs. in this study, the seroprevalence of dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, and borrelia burgdorferi in dogs residing in two types of intensive housing, greyhound kennels and animal shelters, was compared to dogs residing in low-intensity housi ... | 2010 | 20399018 |