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[biological activity of extracts isolated from a virulent strain of sh. flexneri grown in the presence of calcium ions].the authors carried out a comparative study of the genetically connected sh. flexneri cultures (3 virulent strains, 3 clones of an avirulent mutant selected in the flux of an oblique light from the virulent strain, and lac+ kcp a-hybrids obtained by crossing the initial virulent cultures with the e. coli k12 hfr strains). the absence of any correlation between the virulence of the strains under study and the lipopolysaccharide (by rhamnose) content in the extracts from them in growing the cultur ...1977325961
[immunochemistry of shigellae (review of important results). 1. o-antigens of flexner shigellae (characteristics and isolation)]. 1977325963
[study of a "rfa" locus coding for cell wall lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis in "shigella flexneri" f6s (author's transl)].the rfa-7 lipopolysaccharide core mutation carried by the r mutant f680, derived from shigella flexneri f6s serotype 5b, has been mapped by conjugation and transduction experiments. the results show a chromosomal distance of about 1 min between rfa-7 and mtl. such a position would be similar to those of rfa genes in escherichia coli k12 and salmonella typhi-murium lt2. conjugational transfer of e. coli k12 rfa+ genes to mutant f680 restored s. flexneri o-specificity. chemical analyses performed ...1977326120
spectrophotometry as a tool for assaying endotoxins.a spectrophotometric method is reported for assaying endotoxins over a wide concentration range, including low parts per billion levels. five solution of endotoxins. escherichia coli 0127:b8, escherichia coli 055:b5, salmonella abortus-equi, salmonella enteritidis, and shigella flexneri, were examined. each exhibited an absorption maximum at 259 nm, but the absorptivities differed in each case. thus, rigorous quantification requires that the identity of the endotoxin be known. the uv absorbance ...1977327056
[sensitivity of shigella to antibiotics]. 1977327917
rough mutant of shigella flexneri 2a that penetrates tissue culture cells but does not evoke keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs.a rough mutant, designated 5503-01, has been isolated from a virulent strain of shigella flexneri 2a 5503. strain 5503-01 produced smooth opaque colonies, whereas its parent strain produced characteristic green-gold translucent ones. characterization of 5503-01 by agglutination tests, rhamnose content, and sensitivity spectra to "rough-specific" phages revealed that it had lost the specific somatic antigens. when 5503-01 was used to infect hela or l cells, it penetrated the cells and multiplied ...1977328396
incompatibility and bacteriophage inhibition properties of n-1, a plasmid belonging to the h2 incompatibility group.n-1, a plasmid isolated from a strain of shigella flexneri in japan more than 10 years ago, mediates the phage inhibition phenotype which has recently been found to be characteristic of plasmids of the h2 incompatibility group. using the criteria of phage inhibition, surface exclusion and incompatibility, the n-1 plasmid is shown to be closely related to h2 plasmids isolated from non-typhoid salmonella and distantly related to h1 plasmids isolated from salmonella typhi. plasmids of other incompa ...1977329103
[dysentery]. 1977329360
[electron microscopic study of the interaction of shigellae with cell cultures. iii. functional-structural changes in transplanted amniotic cells exposed to extracellular flexner shigellae].a quantitative changes of rna and proteins and structural peculiarities of compensative-regenerative character were discovered in amnion cells subjected to the action of extracellular virulent shigellas by means of successive cytophotometry and electron microscopy. the long contact with the bacteria lead to increased degenerative changes in the cell cytoplasm. the arising changes seem to involve toxicity caused by the action of exometabolites of shigella flexneri.1977329505
structural studies of the shigella flexneri variant x, type 5 a and type 5 b o-antigens.previous studies of different shigella flexneri o-antigens indicate that their o-specific region is composed of oligosaccharide repeating units containing a basic tetrasaccharide structure, to which alpha-d-glucopyranosyl groups and o-acetyl groups may be attached to different positions. structural studies of o-antigens from variant x, type 5a and type 5b lend further support to this assumption. these antigens contain terminal alpha-d-glucopyranosyl groups, one each per repeating unit in x and 5 ...1977330159
antagonistic effect of extremely oxygen-sensitive clostridia from the microflora of conventional mice and of escherichia coli against shigella flexneri in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice.two extremely oxygen-sensitive strains of clostridium sp., designated clostridium e and p, were obtained from digestive microflora of conventional mice and found to constitute a barrier against shigella flexneri sf-2 when associated in vivo with escherichia coli k-12. these and other simplified fractions of the conventional microflora were demonstrated to have an effect comparable to that of the total flora. when k-12 and clostridium e were established in gnotobiotic mice before the introduction ...1977330410
use of omega-aminohexyl-sepharose in the fractionation of escherichia coli b aminoacyl-trna synthetases.the usefulness of aminohexyl-sepharose in purification of e. coli b aminoacyl-trna synthetases is presented. the purification factors for 14 synthetases lie in the range 3- to 94-fold and the recoveries of the enzymatic activity were 30-80%, depending on the enzyme.1977330554
[the survival time of shigellas on plastic materials]. 1977331701
[epidemiology of dysentery in dagestan].analysis of material on bacterial dysentery and other acute intestinal infections morbidity in the dagestan assr for a period of 15 years showed high morbidity level and its variations, with reduction and elevation in individual years, and the leading role played by shigella flexneri among the causative agents of dysentery. the greatest incidence of dysentery was revealed among children aged under one year and between 1 and 2 years. a high bacterial dysentery incidence was recorded in dagestan t ...1977331761
[comparative characteristics of cell-free filtrates of shigella flexneri of different virulence].it was shown for the first time that the virulent sh. flexneri strain grown on luria broth differed from the avirulent one by the yield of readily released surface-located complexes--lipopolysaccharide (determined by rhamnose) and protein into the filtrate. there was no distinct correlation between the strain virulence and the content of rhamnose-determined lipopolysaccharide in the filtrate; growing bacteria in the presence of ca and mg ions had no significant influence on the lipopolysaccharid ...1977331764
[intraspecies antagonism of sh. flexneri in an hep-2 cell line model].the authors describe an effect of suppression of invasion of the guinea pig eye conjunctiva and the hep-2 epithelial cells by virulent sh. flexneri bacilli, with a simultaneous administration of the same dose of avirulent shigella mutants, genetically connected with them. the data of morphological study and experiments with 3h-glucose labeled shigellae carried out on the cell species model indicated that the bacterial competition for the specific sites for absorption on the epithelial cells unde ...1977331774
[r-factor transmission during interspecies crossing of shigella and salmonella]. 1977331777
[physico-chemical parameters of the surface of flexner shigella cells and the structure of lipopolysaccharide o-antigen]. 1977331779
[experimental salmonellosis conjunctivitis and keratitis in guinea pigs].the authors present the results of morphological study of experimentally-induced conjunctivitis and keratitis induced in guinea pigs by salmonellae. it was revealed that injuries of the conjunctiva and cornea in salmonellae infection were different by development and morphological manifestations from keratoconjunctivitis caused by shigellae. this difference was due to specific peculiarities of the pathogenic properties of salmonellae and shigellae clearly expressed on the given experimental mode ...1977331788
[interspecies antagonism of dysentery bacteria]. 1977331789
[immunochemistry of shigellae. ii. o-antigen of flexner shigellae (chemical structure and relationship to serological properties)]. 1977331790
[phage conversion of escherichia and shigella antigens. i. phage conversion of type i antigen of sh. flexneri in entrophatogenic e. coli o129].the authors realized conversion of type i sh. flexneri in enteropathogenic e. coli o129 with converting moderate phage phi i sh. flexneri. phage phi i lysogenized 7.3--42.7% of the cells of antigenic e. coli variant o129 which lost type v antigen; conversion of the type i antigen of sh. flexneri was revealed in the agglutination and adsorption of agglutinins tests. as a result, e. coli strain was obtained with the o-antigen identical to the o-antigen of sh. flexneri ia.1977331793
basic structure of the oligosaccharide repeating-unit of the shigella flexneri o-antigens. 1977332361
quantitative in vitro phagocytic rate measurements.a model for the calculation of phagocytic rate constants based on the assumption that the process of phagocytosis can be treated in a manner analogous to chemical reactions of the first order is suggested. by employing such an approach, accurate rate constants of ingestion of in vitro cultivated macrophages can be obtained following minimal time intervals from the onset of phagocytosis.1977333027
shigella surveillance in the united states, 1975. 1977333038
algorithms in the diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. xxvii. shigellosis. 1977333040
studies with a new generation of oral attenuated shigella vaccine: escherichia coli bearing surface antigens of shigella flexneri.in an attempt to develop a safe, proliferating, oral, attenuated vaccine against shigellosis, genes that control the synthesis of group- and type-specific somatic antigens of shigella flexneri 2a were transferred via conjugation to a recipient strain of escherichia coli. the resultant hybrid (e. coli expressing shigella surface antigens) vaccine strain, pgai 42-1-15, believed to have a complete (smooth) lipopolysaccharide, was given to volunteers in two vaccination-challenge studies. the vaccine ...1977333041
a possible role of glycolipids in epithelial cell penetration by virulent shigella flexneri 2a. 1977333234
[clinical aspects and treatment of dysentery]. 1977333732
[immunologic properties of soluble shigella antigens].of the live sh. flexner 2a and sonne soluble antigens containing glucide-lipoid-protein complex, characterized by low toxicity, a high yield of dry substances, and the capacity to induce immunity production in mice after subcutaneous and oral immunization, were obtained by salt extraction and physical disintegration. local antigen application into eye mucosa of guinea pigs produced local resistance against homologous causative agents and also stimulated production of the highest level of specifi ...1977335736
venereal transmission of shigellosis in seattle-king county.in the past, shigellosis in seattle-king county has been primarily a disease of children, their parients, and foreign travelers. during the 18 months beginning in july 1975, an outbreak of shigellosis in seattle's community of gay men involved both shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei. they accounted for nearly 30% of all cases of shigellosis reported to the health department. fellatio and/or oral-anal contact was reported by 90% of the infected homosexual men; this was probably the mechanism o ...1977337539
[structure of shigella antigens. heterogeneity of specific polysaccharides of 2 shigella flexneri strains and 2 sh. flexneri/escherichia coli hybrids].the s-specific polysaccharide from 2 sh. flexneri wild strains (with serological var. x- and var. y-specificity, respectively) and 2 sh. flexneri e. coli hybrids (with the same specificities) can be separated by means of gel chromatography on sephadex g-200 and g-50 into altogether 6 fractions per strain. fraction g-200/1 (molecular weight greater than 10(6)d) represents a polymer consisting nearly exclusively of glucose and is present mainly in the two y-type strains, much less in the two x-typ ...1977337687
[assessment of the diagnostic effectiveness of antigenic preparations from sonne shigellae].the authors studied the diagnostic possibilities of 4 diagnistic agents from sh. sonnei. a total of 1500 from 1122 persons were investigated. specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic agents from sh. sonnei were determined. methodical priciples of the objective assessment of the diagnostic efficacy of the antigenic preparations in the controlled epidemiological trial were elaborated. a possibility of establishment of the etiological diagnosis of sonne dysentery in the passive hemagglutinati ...1977339617
[results of treatment of dysentery patients with streptomycin-dependent vaccine in comparison with other methods of treatment].comparative study of various methods of treatment was carried out on 777 patients suffering from acute dysentery with a bacteriologically confirmed diagnosis. to assess the therapeutic efficacy, along with consideration of clinical signs of the disease, immunoglobulin level was examined in the blood and coprofiltrates; also the state of reparative processes in the mucosa was appreciated by the histological examination of the biopsy material. results of the work carried out indicated the inexpedi ...1977339618
[study of the mechanism of reduction of the virulence in the shigella flexneri strains resistant to streptomycin].streptomycin-resistant mutations in donor strains of e. coli k12 hfr ab 313 and at-13 are not associated with the action of the stra-gene limiting the suppression. shigella mutations str-r obtained by the method described in this paper also failed to limit the suppression. changes in the virulence observed in transmission stra region from the str-r strains of e. coli and shigellae used in this work were not connected with mutations limiting the suppression (with competent mutations).1977339620
[clinico-immunological characteristics of dysentery in persons with different blood groups].the authors studied the frequency of distribution of the abo system blood groups in 392 adults and 322 children suffering from acute dysentery. x2 criterion and double-factor dispersion analysis were used for statistical analysis. deficiency of persons with b iii and ab iv blood group. phagocytosis indices were decreased in them with the elevated neutrophil damage index.1977339628
[phage conversion of the antigens in escherichiae and shigellae. 2. conversion of the somatic antigen in shigella flexneri with the moderate e. coli 0129 phage].the authors studied the converting activity of the moderate ef5 phage isolated from the lysogenic e. coli 0129 strain. it was shown that this phage converted the o-antigen with the detection of the type antigen v in the strains of sh. flexneri of the serological type la and y-variant. the converted cultures contained the type antigen v and were identical by the antigenic properties to one another and the sh. flexneri of the serological type 5 and e. coli 0129. a conclusion was drawn that phages ...1977339629
[histamine metabolism in acute dysentery and nonspecific ulcerative colitis]. 1977341350
on the metabolic characteristics of shigella flexneri x escherichia coli, devoid of ability for intracellular multiplication in epithelial cells. iii. oxygen uptake and dehydrogenase activity.the oxygen uptake and dehydrogenase activity of avirulent xyl+ and xyl- str hybrids (kcp-), obtained from virulent strains sh. flexneri (sh. flexneri 222 5 a and sh. flexneri m42-432a) and donor strain e. coli ab 313, devoid of ability for intracellular multiplication in epithelial cells are studied. some tricarboxylic acid intermediates, hexoses and pentoses were used as substrates. a definite tendency has been established, indicating a decreased rate of oxygen consumption and dehydrogenase act ...1977341601
[experimental study, using a pulmonary model, of the pathogenic properties of genetically related strains of sh. flexneri, differing in their ability to cause keratoconjunctivitis].complex microbiological and morphological study of the genetically connected sh. flexneri strains, avirulent by keratoconjunctival test showed that the greatest extent of the virulent loss was revealed in shigellae with mutation in the area glpk-gene: they lost the capacity to penetrate into the cells of the bronchial epithelium, to resist local leukocytic reaction and to produce an injurious action on the pulmonary vessels. shigellae with the replaced kcpa- gene area mostly lost the capacity to ...1977341614
phenotypic correction of nonsense mutation carrying non-converting pe5 phages in shigella flexneri with suppressor gene.(i) phenotypic suppression by aminoglycoside antibiotics of a polyauxotrophic shigella flexneri var. y strain on partially completed minimal medium has shown that its thr dependence is associated with nonsense mutation. induced thr+ revertants selected from the culture yielded clones correcting the lytic cycle of nonsense t4 mutant phages. transfer of r1am plasmid to these clones carrying a nonsense mutation of ampicillin resistance was performed. in this manner a s. flexneri var. y derivative w ...1977341654
phage typing and bacteriocin typing of shigella strains isolated in romania from sporadic and epidemic dysentery cases. 1977341847
[acute intestinal diseases in northern africa].analysis of morbidity of dysentery and the rest diarrheal affections according to the books for primary recording of patients at one of the large administrative territories of the northern africa showed that official statistics reflected only 1/13 of dysentery patients who applied for medical aid (18.2 and 236.3 per 100 000 residents, respectively). morbidity index of the rest of diarrheal affections constituted 2424.5 per 100 000. the mean lethality in diarrhea affections (including dysentery) ...1978343450
[eosinophil lysis reaction in acute dysentery]. 1978343454
rifampicin therapy in shigellosis in infancy.eleven infants aged 1-2 years suffering from shigellosis associated with shigella flexneri type 6 were treated with rifampicin. all were initially treated with antimicrobial drugs to which sh. flexneri was shown to be sensitive, but without effect. rifampicin was effective in curing gastrointestinal symptoms and eradicating the bacilli in all infants in 5 days. the drug was given in a dose of 10-12 mg/kg per day divided into two equal parts, for 7 days. no untoward side effects were observed. ou ...1977343724
quantitative toxicology: interlaboratory and intermethod evaluation in new york state.the new york state department of health has conducted a proficiency evaluation program in quantitative toxicology since 1974. serum samples containing a barbiturate and phenytoin, together with either glutethimide, procainamide, or theophylline, are sent to participating laboratories quarterly. within the first two years of the program the percentage of laboratories able to quantitate 75% of the test samples to within 25% of the gravimetric values increased from 25 (1974-1975) to 40% (1975-1976) ...1978343948
eosinophils chemotactic factor (ecf). iv. inhibitory activity in human peripheral leukocytes.a low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ecf) can be released from human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes by phagocytosis, by reverse anaphylaxis or by the calcium ionophore a 23187. during later phases of ecf-release, a leukocyte-derived ecf inhibitor (ldi) is concomitantly released. inhibitory activity is also present in sonicates of unstimulated cells, suggesting that the factor is preformed. on chromatographic analysis of neutrophil (pmn) sonicates, two peaks of inhibitor ...1978344231
[clinical and rectoscopic characteristics of dysentery with accompanying helminthic invasion]. 1978344988
monocyte function in familial mediterranean fever.monocytes derived from the peripheral blood of patients with familial mediterranean fever (fmf) demonstrated a consistently lower phagocytic capacity (38-44%) for 125i-labelled shigella flexneri when compared to monocytes from healthy subjects. phagocytosis of both viable and killed staphylococcus albus was similar in patients and controls. however, fmf monocytes had a two- to eight-fold depressed bactericidal capacity against s. albus in comparison to normal monocytes. acid phosphatase and beta ...1977345807
the insensitivity of the chicken eye to the inflammatory effects of x-rays in contrast to its sensitivity to other inflammatory agents.the effects of x-rays and three chemical agents, known to cause intraocular inflammation in mammalian eyes, were studied on the chicken eye because this species was reported to be insensitive to the cataractogenic effects of x-rays. intravitreal injection of shigella endotoxin and topical and/or intravitreal administration of pge2, pgf2alpha, or arachidonic acid caused a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier, as indicated by flare and increased protein concentration in the aqueous humor. follow ...1978346520
the aetiology of dysentery-like diseases and the biology of their causative agents. 1977346997
[reiter's disease in dysentery]. 1978347714
fluoride-induced mineralization within vacuoles in maturative ameloblasts of the rat.dense crystalline deposits appeared within vacuoles in rat maturative ameloblasts as a result of repeated injections of sodium fluoride. the crystals assumed varied arrangements but were always observed within intracellular vacuoles. the crystals resemble those of normal enamel and resist microincineration. they are readily dissolved by decalcification and leave behind an organic framework which matches the outline of the crystals. an experimental model is presented which may be useful in furthe ...1978347979
plating procedure for the enumeration of coliforms from dairy products.a "repair-detection" procedure consisting of pour plating of food samples with trypticase soy agar, followed by 1-h repair incubation at room temperature and subsequent overlay with violet red bile agar, was found to be an effective method for the detection of injuried and uninjuried coliforms from dairy products. this method was relatively less effective for the detection of coliforms in many semipreserved foods as compared with dairy products, but more effective than the most-probable-number m ...1978348110
the role of peyer's patches in the local immune response of rabbit ileum to live bacteria. 1978351061
invasive escherichia coli.the present evidence indicates that shigella-like pathogenicity is determined by a multiplacity of genes. although deliberate attempts have been made to confer invasive virulence on e. coli strain k12 by employing classical procedures of recombination with virulent s. flexneri donor strains, they have not yet been successful. while we should, theoretically, be able to achieve this, the practical problem of testing for pathogenicity precludes screening larger numbers of hybrid clones for the acqu ...1978351079
effects of dexamethasone on the responses of luteinizing hormone and testosterone to two injections of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in young postpubertal bulls.six young postpubertal bulls were studied in two experiments, 3 months apart. in experiment 1, three bulls received i.m. injections of dexamethasone (20 mg) and 5 h later these animals plus three control bulls received i.m. injections of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lh-rh, 250 microgram). in experiment 2, the controls from experiment 1 received dexamethasone and the treated animals from experiment 1 acted as controls for experiment 2. all bulls also received an i.m. injection of 250 mi ...1978351125
[conditions and factors determining the etiological structure of dysentery and its changes. report 1. epidemiological theory of etiological selectivity of the main (primary) pathways of infection and their differences in various nosological forms of dysentery].the authors present the elaborated and formed epidemiological theory ("conformity theory") according to which the etiological structure of dysentery is determined by the etiological selectivity of the main (primary) waves of transmission of the infection differing in various nosological forms of dysentery. in grigoriev-shiga dysentery the domestic way of the spread of infection plays the main role, in flexner and newcastle dysentery--the water way, and in sonne dysentery--the food way (particula ...1978352042
[evaluation of hospitalization as an antiepidemic measure in dysentery]. 1978352046
[nature of inhibition of the activity of macromolecular antibodies].the presence in the organism of an inhibitory factor expressing its activity under conditions of increased macromolecular globulins production (of m-immunoglobulins in particular) was established experimentally. the inhibitory factor depressed the avidity of the macromolecular antibodies; its appearance preceded reduction of the macromolecular protein level in the blood serum. the inhibitory effect of the blood serum in blood letting and vaccination with bacterial antigen is connected with the b ...1978352048
[the etiologic structure of dysentery in dagestan assr]. 1978352051
[experience with the diagnosis of dysentery in adults by determining antibodies to shigella in the saliva].concentration of immunoglobulins and titres of antibodies to sh. sonnei, sh. flexneri and enteropathogenic e. coli 0111 was determined in mixed saliva and the blood serum of patients suffering from sonne dysentery, acute intestinal diseases of unknown etiology, and healthy individuals. the sum total immunoglobulin concentration in mixed saliva proved to be 53--81 times less than in the blood serum, but in the first substrate there was 53--75, and in the second--15% of immunoglobulin a. there pro ...1978352063
[effect of the transmission of a different type of mutation in the stra locus on the virulence of sh. flexneri].the authors noted a different influence upon the virulence of sh. flexneri (determined by keratoconjunctival test) of transmission of different alleles of the stra-gene (a1, a2, a40, a60). there was revealed no correlation between the extent of the changes in virulence and the extent of capacity ot the limiting of suppression in donor strains.1978352064
[comparative study of the virulence of the shigella isolated from bacterial carriers and from acute dysentery patients].the authors present the results of study of the virulence of shigellae isolated from carriers and patients suffering from acute dysentery, on a continuous culture of e1 and hep-2 cells. the virulence of shigellae isolated from carriers displayed no significant difference from the virulence of shigellae isolated from patients with a mild and moderately severe forms of dysentery. in the patient's organism shigellae were capable of retaining the initial virulence for a long time, despite the treatm ...1978352066
[characteristics of the changes in the intestines in acute dysentery depending on the type of the causative agent]. 1978354015
[current problems of dysentery]. 1978354019
[action of na-rna on infection in mice infected with shigella flexneri].experiments were conducted on albino mice. experimentally induced dysentery infection proved to become aggravated under the effect of yeast na-rna expressed in the increase of the number of animals which fell ill and perished. this phenomenon proved to be based on the acceleration of reproduction of the causative agent, with a simultaneous selection of its virulent clones seen both in vitro and in vivo.1978354281
cervicofacial abcesses of unknown origin. a survey of eighty-one cases.a survey of eighty-one patients with cervicofacial abscesses of unknown origin is presented. the salient clinical features and the treatment of the abscesses are described. mainly affected were children under 4 years of age, and the submandibular and submental regions were the most common sites of involvement. staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogenic organism, and epidemic strains were implicated in some cases. a high incidence of resistance to penicillin was noted. the nasal vestibu ...1978355964
the importance of the high spin/low spin equilibrium existing in cytochrome p-450 for the enzymatic mechanism. 1978356064
epidemiology of common-source outbreaks of shigellosis in the united states, 1961-1975.in 1961-1975, there were 72 foodborne and 38 waterborne outbreaks of shigellosis reported in the united states. foodborne outbreaks were most often caused by salads with contamination attributed to poor hygiene of a food handler. waterborne outbreaks most often involved semipublic water systems, and were usually the result of inadequate chlorination of water contaminated by human feces. in 110 common-source outbreaks, 16,541 persons were ill. the attack rate for both food- and waterborne shigell ...1978356596
aminoacyl-trna synthetases from yeast: generality of chemical proofreading in the prevention of misaminoacylation of trna.the specificity of valyl-, phenylalanyl-, and tyrosyl-trna synthetases from yeast has been examined by a series of stringent tests designed to eliminate the possibility of artefactual interference. valyl-trna synthetase, as well as activating a number of amino acid analogues, will accept alanine, cysteine, isoleucine, and serine in addition to threonine as substrates for both atp-ppi exchange and transfer to some trnaval species. the transfer is not observed if atempts are made to isolate the ap ...1978356880
increase in the population of duodenal immunoglobulin a plasmocytes in axenic mice associated with different living or dead bacterial strains of intestinal origin.various bacterial strains were tested for their ability to stimulate immunoglobulin a (iga) plasmocytes to populate the duodenal lamina propria in axenic mice. the mice were associated with the strains for at least 4 weeks. the strains inhabiting the conventional mouse intestine and belonging to the genera lactobacillus, streptococcus, eubacterium, actinobacillus, micrococcus, corynebacterium, and clostridium (including the extremely oxygen-sensitive ones) are only slightly or nonimmunogenic, wh ...1978357289
interaction between bacteriophage sf6 and shigella flexner.the shigella flexneri phage sf6 has an isometric head with hexagonal symmetry 53nm in diameter. the noncontractile tails in 16 nm long and terminates with a base plate containing six spikes. sf6 is typical of the c phages in the morphological classification of bradley. phage sf6 processes alpha-1,3-endorhamnosidase activity as demonstrated by methylation and reducing end group sugar analyses of the products obtained on interaction with the o-polysaccharide chain of s.flexneri strains which have ...1978357756
[various aspects of competitive relationship between shigella and escherichia coli].one of the aspects of antagonistic relations could be the competence of microorganisms for specific sites of attachement to the epithelium common for shigellae and some e. coli serological types; this was demonstrated on a model of shigella-induced keratoconjunctivitis and in experiments with the hep-2 cells infected with h3-glucose-labeled sh. flexneri 5a, with combined administration of the latter with e. coli 08 and 028. the data obtained emphasized the importance for the development of the i ...1978358685
heat-stable enterotoxin produced by shigella flexneri.filtrates and ultrasonics extracts of shigella flexneri showed rapid permeability factor (pf) test and proved positive in suckling mice and ligated rabbit loop tests within 4 hr. delayed pf was not detected and the rabbit loop dilatation test read after 18 to 24 hr, the mouse pad oedema reaction, the test for elongation effect of cho cells were also negative. in the delayed pf test a strong "blanching" effect was observed. a filtrate of an ent-escherichia coli strain was positive only in the rap ...1978358769
unique features of heat-stable enterotoxin of shigella flexneri.sephadex g-100 fractions of ultrasonic lysate of shigella felxneri were compared to the fractions of escherichia coli lysates of ent- , lt+ st+, lt+ and st+ strains. the range of molecular weight of s. flexneri st fractions was the same as that of e. coli lt fractions. rapid pf activity was associated with the st peak in the case of s. flexneri, and followed the lt activity in the e. coli (lt+ st+) fractions, and appeared in the same molecular weight range in the case of ent- e. coli lysate. cro ...1978358771
[effectiveness of biseptol in the overall treatment of acute sonne and flexner dysenteries]. 1978360614
[use of the fluorescent antibody method for establishing the etiology of discrete outbreaks of dysentery]. 1978362355
[sanitary conditions of water in public and private swimming pools, in the city of araraquara, sp, brazil]. 1978362510
structural studies of shigella flexneri o-antigens.the structures of the o-antigens of all known serotypes and subserotypes of shigella flexneri have been reinvestigated. the results support the assumption that these antigens are composed of a basic tetrasaccharide repeating unit (1), to which alpha-d-glucopyranosyl and/or o-acetyl groups are attached at different positions. leads to 3)-beta-d-glcnacp-(1 leads to 2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1 leads to 2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1 leads to 3)-alpha-l-rhap-(1 leads to the immunological determinants responsible for o-f ...1978363425
on the metabolic characteristics of hybrids shigella flexneri x escherichia coli, devoid of their ability for intracellular multiplication in the epithelial cells. iv. growth characteristics in the presence of some tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.the dynamics of avirulent xyl-str and xyl + hybrids sh. flexneri was investigated in minimal medium in the presence of some tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (succinate, malate, fumarate) and pyruvate. it was established that the hybrids with a replaced xyl-str or xyl-region show a considerably lower rate of multiplication in artificial media than the virulent recipient strains.1978364886
[quality of nutrient media according to indices of the cultivation process]. 1978364893
[immunoglobulins in acute dysentery]. 1978366890
[oral immunization with non-viable microorganisms or their antigens. 19. field trials with polyvalent enteritis-oralvaccines (author's transl)]. 1978367002
[the serotypes of shigella in catania (italy) during 1974--1976 (author's transl)]. 1978367296
[study of the mechanism of formation of protracted forms of dysentery]. 1978369138
[biological characteristics of transductants of shigella flexneri which have acquired different str-a-locus alleles]. 1978369250
mitomycin c stimulates production of a toxin in shigella species that causes morphological changes in chinese hamster ovary cells.shigella dysenteriae produced a toxin that caused morphological changes in chinese hamster ovary cells which was different from the neurotoxin (y. takeda, k. okamoto, and t. miwatani, infect. immun. 18:546--548, 1977). it was found that the toxin was produced not only by s. dysenteriae but also by s. flexneri, s. boydii, and s. sonnei. the production of the toxin was stimulated by the addition of 1 microgram of mitomycin c per ml to the culture in the early logarithmic growth phase.1979370009
thermosensitive h1 plasmids determining citrate utilization.twelve thermosensitive h1 plasmids from strains of salmonella typhi that had caused outbreaks of chloramphenicol-resistant typhoid fever in vietnam, thailand and india mediated citrate utilization (cit+) in a prototrophic escherichia coli k12 strain but not in the s. typhi strains from which they were derived. four h1 plasmids from a similar outbreak in mexico differed from the far eastern plasmids in not mediating citrate utlization but in mediating mercury resistance. h1 plasmids resembling th ...1978370344
the transfer of antibiotic resistance by r plasmids in shigellae.forty-five strains of shigella species isolated at auckland hospital from 1972--1974 were investigated for antibiotic resistance. forty-two strains were resistant to one or more antibiotics and 11 strains transferred antibiotic resistance by conjugation to e. coli.1978370696
[role of histamine in the development of inflammation of the large intestine mucosa in acute dysentery]. 1979370753
[effectiveness of using a lyophilized erythocyte antibody diagnosticum and other methods in sonne dysentery]. 1978371282
[characteristics of the action of the biologically active factor from virulent shigella flexneri strains in a study on mice and a cell culture].the authors subjected to further study the biologically active factor revealed by them earlier in the virulent sh. flexneri cultures by using the genetically bound triad of sh. flexneri 5a-222 cultures and the corresponding couple of sh. flexneri 2a-516. there was shown correlation of the strains virulence determined by the keratoconjunctival test, with the presence of genetically-determined production of the biologically active factor detectable in the culture filtrate, which produced toxic act ...1978371290
[media with yeast rna for isolating shigella flexneri from feces].the authors demonstrated a considerable, in comparison with the control, increase of the biomass of sh. flexneri causative agent, when growing in meat-peptone broth with 1-4 mg of narna, and of the number of colonies in the feces of the patients and of healthy persons artificially contaminated with sh. flexneri when inoculated in ploskirev's agar or endo medium with 4 mg/ml of narna. using media with narna for laboratory diagnosis of dysentery is recommended.1978371291
[evaluation of the diagnostic effectiveness shigella sonnei and shigells flexneri antigenic preparations by serological examination data on patients with clinical dysentery]. 1978371292
[indices of peripheral blood lymphocyte blast and macrophagal transformation in typhoid and dysentery in the presence of a bacteriophage homologous to the type of causative agent]. 1978371298
[nomenclature of the bacteria of the genus shigella and their systematic position in the family of enterobacteriaceae]. 1978371309
structural studies on the hexose region of the enterobacteriaceae type r3 core polysaccharide.the structure of the hexose region of the enterobacteriaceae type r3 core polysaccharide, which is the common core in shigella flexneri and some escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (lps), has been investigated. the principal method used in these studies involved methylation analysis of the original and modified materials. the polysaccharide was modified by n-deacetylation-deamination and by smith degradation. as a result of these studies, the following structure is proposed: alpha-d-glcp-(1 lea ...1979371805
the effect of endotoxin-induced intraocular inflammation on the rat lens epithelium.intraocular inflammation induced by an intravitreal injection of shigella endotoxin into the rat eye produces early changes in the number of dividing cells of the lens epithelium and affects the organization of the meridional rows. a depression in mitotic activity in the germinative zone is observed during the first 24 hr after injection. at 48 hr, despite the continued mitotic inhibition in the germinative zone, an increase in cell division occurs in the central zone. by 72 hr, the germinative ...1979372124
[shigellosis]. 1979372830
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