| human neutrophil oxidative response and phagocytic killing of clinical and laboratory strains of enterococcus faecalis. | many clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis produce a hemolysin/bacteriocin that is plasmid mediated. recent human epidemiologic studies and animal research suggest that this hemolysin/bacteriocin may enhance the pathogenicity of hemolysin-producing enterococci compared with non-hemolysin-producing strains. these studies determined that clinical strains that produce hemolysin/bacteriocin differed from non-hemolysin-producing clinical and laboratory strains in their ability to induce the prod ... | 1993 | 8395373 |
| purification and preliminary characterization of the extracellular lipase of bacillus subtilis 168, an extremely basic ph-tolerant enzyme. | the extracellular lipase of bacillus subtilis 168 was purified from the growth medium of an overproducing strain by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by phenyl-sepharose and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. the purified lipase had a strong tendency to aggregate. it exhibited a molecular mass of 19,000 da by sds-page and a pi of 9.9 by chromatofocusing. the enzyme showed maximum stability at ph 12 and maximum activity at ph 10. the lipase was active toward p-nitrophenyl esters and tria ... | 1993 | 8396026 |
| evidence that surface fibrils expressed by haemophilus influenzae type b promote attachment to human epithelial cells. | haemophilus influenzae type b is a gram-negative bacillus that initiates infection by colonizing the upper respiratory tract. previous studies have established that h. influenzae haemagglutinating pili possess adhesive properties and influence the process of colonization. additional studies suggest the presence of a second h. influenzae adhesin distinct from haemagglutinating pili. in the present study, we examined a non-piliated h. influenzae type b strain by transmission electron microscopy an ... | 1995 | 7752898 |
| an essential virulence protein of agrobacterium tumefaciens, virb4, requires an intact mononucleotide binding domain to function in transfer of t-dna. | the 11 gene products of the agrobacterium tumefaciens virb operon, together with the vird4 protein, are proposed to form a membrane complex which mediates the transfer of t-dna to plant cells. this study examined one putative component of that complex, virb4. a deletion of the virb4 gene on the ti plasmid ptia6nc was constructed by replacing the virb4 gene with the kanamycin resistance-conferring nptii gene. the virb4 gene was found to be necessary for virulence on plants and for the transfer of ... | 1994 | 7830718 |
| localization of cathepsin d in rat ocular tissues. an immunohistochemical study. | numerous studies have demonstrated that cathepsin d as a major lysosomal acid protease plays an important role in the degradation of protein in several tissues. an important function of the retinal pigment epithelium is to interact with the photoreceptor cells in the renewal process. during the renewal process, the rpe cell phagocytosis discarded photoreceptor discs which are then degraded in the rpe phagolysosomes. it is believed that cathepsin d plays a main role in the degradation of rod oute ... | 1995 | 7872492 |
| replication and tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 as predictors of disease outcome in infants with vertically acquired infection. | in a series of 97 infants born to mothers who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), 18 were identified as infected within the first 60 days of life on the basis of viral culture and polymerase chain reaction findings. we studied viral burden in vivo by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the in vitro replication pattern of the hiv-1 infecting strain by culturing patient cells with normal phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. accordi ... | 1993 | 7901357 |
| immunochemistry of capsular type polysaccharide and virulence properties of type vi streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococci). | the immunochemistry of capsular type polysaccharide and virulence characteristics of group b streptococci (gbs), type vi, were studied. by high-pressure anion-exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection, as well as by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, both extracellular and cell-bound polysaccharides were found to contain glucose, galactose, and n-acetylneuraminic acid in the molar ratio of 2:2:1, respectively. at variance with all other gbs serotypes described to date (ia, ... | 1993 | 8454331 |
| haemonchus contortus: the role of two beta-tubulin gene subfamilies in the resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics. | the role of beta-tubulin genes in benzimidazole (bz) resistance was investigated using one susceptible (s) and two resistant (rt and rc) strains of haemonchus contortus. the rt strain was isolated from the field on the basis of thiabendazole resistance. the rc strain was derived from the s strain by treatment with cambendazole. cdnas, derived from the s strain, encoding two isoforms of beta-tubulin (beta 12-16 and beta 8-9), alpha-tubulin and phosphofructokinase (pfk) were used as probes for sou ... | 1994 | 7910461 |
| efficient adsorption of lysostaphin on bacterial cells of lysostaphin-resistant staphylococcus aureus mutant. | a simple and efficient method for the purification of staphylolytic endopeptidase (lysostaphin) contained in culture supernatant of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus strain by adsorption of the enzyme on bacterial cells of lysostaphin-resistant s. aureus mutant was successfully devised. lysostaphin was sufficiently absorbed on the heat-killed mutant cells derived from s. aureus cowan i and efficiently eluted by 3 m kscn. enzyme preparation obtained by a single procedure of the affin ... | 1993 | 8474355 |
| genetic transformation in helicobacter pylori. | genetic transformation in helicobacter pylori was investigated by using its chromosomal and plasmid dnas. six out of the eight strains exhibited the natural competence for incorporation of h. pylori chromosomal dna, and all the strains incorporated the donor dna efficiently by washing and concentrating the cells with a glycerol solution. the much higher frequency of transformation was obtained in each strain by means of electroporation. electroporation experiments were also conducted by use of t ... | 1993 | 8474363 |
| immunological and molecular polymorphisms of ospc, an immunodominant major outer surface protein of borrelia burgdorferi. | the gene of the immunodominant major protein pc of borrelia burgdorferi was previously cloned and sequenced (r. fuchs, s. jauris, f. lottspeich, v. preac-mursic, b. wilske, and e. soutschek, mol. microbiol. 6:503-509, 1992). pc is abundantly expressed on the outer surface of b. burgdorferi, as demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy with monoclonal antibody l22 1f8. accordingly, pc is renamed ospc, by analogy to the outer surface proteins ospa and ospb. western immunoblot analysis of 45 b. bur ... | 1993 | 8478108 |
| a random mutagenesis procedure: application to the pol3 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | to obtain a broad spectrum of mutations in the pol3 gene, we have developed an efficient random mutagenesis procedure. partially extended, primed, single-stranded templates were used for forced misincorporation of non-complementary nucleotides, extended to completion and ligated. linear fragments of the resulting amplified mutagenized library were then used to transform a saccharomyces cerevisiae strain by the marker replacement technique. this procedure has proven to be very efficient when appl ... | 1993 | 8486280 |
| semliki forest virus infects mouse brain endothelial cells and causes blood-brain barrier damage. | induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is facilitated in a genetically resistant balb/c mouse strain by a nonpathogenic strain of a neurotropic alphavirus, semliki forest virus (sfv-a7). one possible explanation for this enhancement is virus infection of endothelial cells (ec), causing increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. we have now sought evidence for virus infection of ec in vivo by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. sfv-a7 antigens and rna were detecte ... | 1994 | 7916058 |
| role of influenza vaccination in the elderly during an epidemic of a/h1n1 virus in 1988-1989: clinical and serological data. | during a winter epidemic of a/h1n1 influenza virus, we evaluated the protection conferred by vaccination of 285 residents of a nursing home. fifteen of 204 members of the nursing staff were also vaccinated. serological determinations were performed before and after vaccination using radial hemolysis (rh) and neuraminidase inhibition (ni) tests. in the outbreak period, only one influenza case was noted in the vaccinated elderly and none among the vaccinated nursing staff. on the other hand, 38 ca ... | 1993 | 8514200 |
| xanthoquinodins, new anticoccidial agents produced by humicola sp. production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. | humicola sp. fo-888, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. five active compounds, designated xanthoquinodins a1, a2, a3, b1 and b2 were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction and hplc. xanthoquinodins inhibited the growth of eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay system using bhk-21 cells as a host. no schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations of 0.02-0.2 micrograms/ml for xanthoquinodins a1, a3, b1 and ... | 1993 | 8514629 |
| diolmycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by streptomyces sp. i. production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. | streptomyces sp. wk-2955, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. four active compounds, designated diolmycins a1, a2, b1 and b2, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration on sephadex lh-20, and preparative hplc. diolmycins inhibited the growth of eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay system using bhk-21 cells as a host. no schizont in the cells was observed at con ... | 1993 | 8514630 |
| the structure of the large subunit rrna expressed in blood stages of plasmodium falciparum. | here we present the sequence of the large subunit (lsu) rrna expressed in blood-stage forms (and therefore a-type) of the malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum, from two different isolates. we determined the genomic sequence of a rrna unit of the camp parasite strain from within the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) through the 5.8s rrna gene, the its2 and the entire large subunit rrna gene. we have also determined the corresponding sequence of the gene of the fvo strain by sequencing cdna ... | 1995 | 8538692 |
| immune responses to south african babesia canis and the development of a preliminary vaccine. | the immune responses of 2 beagles to live parasites of an isolated b. canis strain were tested. the dogs were infected with live parasites and were carefully treated to allow the parasites to remain in the dogs' bodies for long enough to evoke an immune response. once recovered from the initial infections, both dogs received 2 separate homologous challenges with live parasites. during the second challenge, neither dog showed clinical signs of disease. an experimental vaccine was developed agains ... | 1995 | 8544162 |
| identification of a region of genetic variability among bacillus anthracis strains and related species. | the identification of a region of sequence variability among individual isolates of bacillus anthracis as well as the two closely related species, bacillus cereus and bacillus mycoides, has made a sequence-based approach for the rapid differentiation among members of this group possible. we have identified this region of sequence divergence by comparison of arbitrarily primed (ap)-pcr "fingerprints" generated by an m13 bacteriophage-derived primer and sequencing the respective forms of the only ... | 1996 | 8550456 |
| schizosaccharomyces pombe mop1-mcs2 is related to mammalian cak. | the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-activating kinase, cak, from mammals and amphibians consists of mo15/cdk7 and cyclin h, a complex which has been identified also as a rna polymerase ii c-terminal domain (ctd) kinase. while the schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc2 gene product also requires an activating phosphorylation, the enzyme responsible has not been identified. we have isolated an essential s.pombe gene, mop1, whose product is closely related to mo15 and to saccharomyces cerevisiae kin28. the f ... | 1995 | 8557036 |
| [use of a plasmid with integrative function of phage phic31 for transfer of cloned genes into streptomyces strains]. | opportunities for application of integrative vectors carrying the attp site and the int gene of the temperate actinophage phi c31 for cloning genes in streptomyces strains were demonstrated. the behavior of the integrative vectors pzat22 and pto1 in the model strain s. lividans tk64 and in the bialaphos-producing strain s. hygroscopicus, respectively, was characterized. restriction maps of the s. lividans and s. hygroscopicus chromosomal regions containing attb sites were constructed. the bar ge ... | 1994 | 7958803 |
| licochalcone a, a new antimalarial agent, inhibits in vitro growth of the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum and protects mice from p. yoelii infection. | licochalcone a, isolated from chinese licorice roots, inhibited the in vitro growth of both chloroquine-susceptible (3d7) and chloroquine-resistant (dd2) plasmodium falciparum strains in a [3h]hypoxanthine uptake assay. the growth inhibition of the chloroquine-resistant strain by licochalcone a was similar to that of the chloroquine-susceptible strain. to examine the activity of licochalcone a on the different asexual blood stages of the parasite, licochalcone a was added to highly synchronized ... | 1994 | 7979274 |
| a new genetic assay for rifampicin susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a new method for testing rifampicin (rfp) susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. this method is based on detection of the internal sequence derived from 71-kda heat shock protein mrna in tubercle bacilli heat-treated in the presence of rfp. the target sequence was amplified by reverse transcription and pcr, followed by agarose gel electrophoretic analysis. no amplification occurred in one rfp-susceptible strain by exposure to 45 degrees c for 45 min in middlebrook 7h9 broth ... | 1995 | 8586885 |
| cytogenetic analysis of malignant skin tumors induced in chemically treated tg-ac transgenic mice. | tg.ac mice (which carry a v-ha-ras transgene) rapidly develop papillomas in response to 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa). approximately 30% of the papillomas are associated with subsequent development of malignancies. early-passage spindle-shaped tumor cells arising from explant cultures of tpa-induced tumors in tg.ac mice were tumorigenic when transplanted to syngeneic recipients. the v-ha-ras transgene in the transplanted tumors was expressed at a high level. to identify possible gen ... | 1994 | 7999263 |
| characterization of a rhizobium meliloti proline dehydrogenase mutant altered in nodulation efficiency and competitiveness on alfalfa roots. | rhizobium meliloti strain grm8 is able to transform ornithine into proline by means of an ornithine cyclodeaminase and, therefore, has the ability to use either of these amino acids as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. by tn5 insertion mutagenesis we obtained a grm8 mutant derivative strain (lm1) unable to catabolize either ornithine or proline. dna hybridization studies showed that the lm1 mutant carries a single tn5 insertion within a chromosomally located gene that, as deduced from a parti ... | 1995 | 8589406 |
| rearrangements of mitochondrial dna and the mitochondrial fusion-promoting plasmid (mf) are associated with defective mitochondrial fusion in physarum polycephalum. | a specific linear mitochondrial plasmid (mf) is genetically associated with the fusion of mitochondria in the true slime mould, physarum polycephalum. in matings between mf+ and mf- strains, which respectively carry and do not carry the mf plasmid, mitochondrial fusion occurs in the zygote. mitochondrial fusion induces recombination between specific sites in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and in the mf plasmid. to detect a region which is associated with the mitochondrial fusion in the mf plasmid ... | 1996 | 8595672 |
| synthesis of a laci gene analogue with reduced cpg content. | a laci gene analogue with reduced cpg content has been synthesized. codon usage in the laci gene was manipulated to remove most cpg sites (82/95; 86%) while maintaining wild-type amino acid sequence. the double-stranded gene sequence was synthesized using standard beta-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite chemistry and subsequently cloned into pbr322. bacterial promoter sequences with different levels of activity were attached upstream of the modified coding region to study its expression in e. coli. prod ... | 1996 | 8600347 |
| aerosol exposure of pigs to viable or inactivated actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 induces antibodies in bronchoalveolar lining fluids and serum, and protects against homologous challenge. | a dose-defined nose-only inhalation system for pigs was used to study the immunogenic and protective potentials of a single aerosol application of viable or killed actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 9. respiratory volumes were measured for each pig to calculate inhaled individual doses. eight pigs inhaled 107 cfu a. pleuropneumoniae cvi 13261 reference strain for serotype 9. another eight pigs received an identical dose of killed actinobacilli. after three weeks the pigs and nonexposed con ... | 1995 | 8604553 |
| the pacl gene of synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942 encodes a ca(2+)-transporting atpase. | an atp-dependent ca2+ uptake activity was identified in plasma membrane vesicles prepared from synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942. this activity was insensitive to agents which collapse ph gradients and membrane potentials but sensitive to vanadate, indicating that the activity is catalyzed by a p-type ca(2+)-atpase. a gene was cloned from synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942 by using a degenerate oligonucleotide based on a sequence conserved among p-type atpases. this gene (pacl) encodes a product ... | 1994 | 8021228 |
| role of mutations in dna gyrase genes in ciprofloxacin resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible or resistant to imipenem. | in pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistance to imipenem is mainly related to a lack of protein oprd and resistance to fluoroquinolones is mainly related to alterations in dna gyrase. however, strains cross resistant to fluoroquinolones and imipenem have been selected in vitro and in vivo with fluoroquinolones. we investigated the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in 30 clinical strains of p. aeruginosa resistant to ciprofloxacin (mean mic, >8 micrograms/ml), 20 of which were also resistant ... | 1995 | 8619577 |
| epidemic cholera in guatemala, 1993: transmission of a newly introduced epidemic strain by street vendors. | epidemic cholera reached guatemala in july 1991. by mid-1993, guatemala ranked third in the hemisphere in reported cases of cholera. we conducted a case-control study with two age-, sex-, and neighbourhood-matched controls per patient in periurban guatemala city. twenty-six patients hospitalized for cholera and 52 controls were enrolled. seven (47%) of 15 stool cultures obtained after admission yielded toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1. all seven were resistant to furazolidone, sulfisoxazole, and str ... | 1996 | 8620902 |
| angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and atherosclerosis. | this study was designed to evaluate possible antiatherosclerotic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in mini-pigs. experimental hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis were produced in mini-pigs of the göttingen strain by adding 11% egg yolk and 1% cholesterol to the diet for 52 weeks. the animals were divided into three groups. one group was fed the atherogenic diet alone and served as control. the second group was treated with captopril in a dose of 80 mg/kg/day added to the a ... | 1994 | 8043902 |
| construction and characterization of two lexa mutants of salmonella typhimurium with different uv sensitivities and uv mutabilities. | salmonella typhimurium has a sos regulon which resembles that of escherichia coli. reca mutants of s. typhimurium have already been isolated, but no mutations in lexa have been described yet. in this work, two different lexa mutants of s. typhimurium lt2 have been constructed on a sula background to prevent cell death and further characterized. the lexa552 and lexa11 alleles contain an insertion of the kanamycin resistance fragment into the carboxy- and amino-terminal regions of the lexa gene, r ... | 1996 | 8631678 |
| true identity of control staphylococcus aureus strains and their performance in the tube coagulase test. | one hundred laboratories were asked to submit their control staphylococcus aureus strains to determine the true identity of strains presumed to be s. aureus nctc 6571, and also to evaluate the performance of those strains being used as controls in the tube coagulase test (tct). of the 60 who replied, 55 laboratories sent at least one strain labelled as s. aureus nctc 6571 (total of 64 strains). of these, 84% were identified as s. aureus, and were indistinguishable from a fresh type strain by a c ... | 1996 | 8636968 |
| characterization of mutant strains of candida albicans deficient in expression of a surface determinant. | monoclonal antibody (mab) 17e4 reacts with a surface carbohydrate determinant and agglutinates cells of candida albicans. using this mab, we have isolated n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine-induced nonagglutinating mutants. eleven of these were characterized for the presence and expression of the surface antigen recognized by mab 17e4 by immunoblot analysis of whole cells and by fluorescence flow cytometry. soluble cell wall extracts from five mutant strains were negative by immunoblot analysi ... | 1993 | 8335375 |
| [changes in biological and physico-chemical properties of avian influenza virus a hemagglutinin h2 during adaptation to a new host]. | avian influenza a virus with h2 hemagglutinin has been adapted to mice for the first time. alterations in the hemagglutinin of adapted variants of the virus as a result of adaptation to a new host are described. hemagglutinin of a highly virulent adapted variant differed from the parental avirulent strain by antigenic structure, electrophoretic mobility, and receptor activity during interactions with murine red cells. | 1995 | 8659174 |
| assessment of the cardiostimulant action of propionyl-l-carnitine on chronically volume-overloaded rat hearts. | chronic volume overload was induced in young rats of wistar strain by surgical opening of the aorto-caval fistula. three months later, during in vitro perfusion with exogenous palmitate, left ventricular function and energy turnover (qo2) of hypertrophied hearts were severely depressed. this seemed to be related to impaired long-chain fatty acid utilization, as reflected by decreased 14co2 production from u-14c-palmitate and decreased tissue levels of l-carnitine. another group of rats exposed t ... | 1993 | 8364005 |
| a simple and inexpensive method for the identification of staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus hominis. | eight hundred and ninety-two strains of staphylococcus species were identified by means of desferrioxamine susceptibility and fermentation results of three carbohydrates, with the api staph system (biomérieux, france) as reference method. no identification could be obtained for 34 strains with api staph. of the remaining 858 strains, identical identification was obtained with 842 (98.1%). all 707 strains identified as staphylococcus epidermidis or staphylococcus hominis by the api staph system w ... | 1995 | 8681979 |
| [a comparative study of the stabilized secondary structure and hydrodynamic properties of dna from healthy and leukemic tissue]. | stability of secondary structure was studied in dna preparations obtained from healthy and leukemic rats and mice of balb/c strain by means of estimation of molecular melting point temperature, of the temperature-dependent transition interval and specific viscosity. the secondary structure stability and values of the dna specific viscosity were decreased in the dna preparations obtained from liver, spleen tissues and tumors of rats with shvetz leukemia and from spleen of mice infected by rausher ... | 1993 | 8379115 |
| [antiviral properties of recombinant human lymphotoxin]. | study of the antiviral properties of recombinant human lymphotoxin obtained from escherichia coli sg20050/plt21 strain by microbiological synthesis showed this lymphotoxin to inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus on m-19 cells and exert a synergistic effect with recombinant human gamma-interferon. the drug exhibited no anti-hiv1 activity in experiments with mt4 cells pretreated with the virus or the drug itself; on the contrary, hiv1 reproduction in these cells was enhanced at low concentrations of ... | 1995 | 8686267 |
| seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in parts of tamil nadu, india. | sera samples of 400 apparently healthy broiler poultry from 23 commercial farms and 120 sera samples from commercial layer poultry [with specific lesions of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in the internal organs] were screened for the presence of ibd serotypes i, ii and the variant strain by the agar gel immuno diffusion (agid) test, employing standard antigens. likewise the bursae, spleen and kidney specimen from 96 layer poultry with lesions suggestive of ibd were screened for the presence of ... | 1993 | 8403839 |
| evidence that the t cell repertoire of normal rats contains cells with the potential to cause diabetes. characterization of the cd4+ t cell subset that inhibits this autoimmune potential. | diabetes was induced in a normal nonautoimmune rat strain by rendering the animals relatively t cell deficient using a protocol of adult thymectomy and sublethal gamma irradiation. all male rats and 70% of females developed an acute syndrome with severe loss of weight and hyperglycemia. diabetes in these lymphopoenic rats was associated with extensive insulitis involving cd4+ and cd8+ t cells and macrophages. the cd8+ t cells were essential for the development of diabetes but not insulitis. the ... | 1993 | 8094734 |
| purification of nadh: hypothiocyanite oxidoreductase in streptococcus sanguis. | nadh: hypothiocyanite oxidoreductase (nhor) activity, found in some oral streptococci, is postulated to protect these microorganisms against salivary peroxidase-produced hypothiocyanite. nhor, however, has not been purified so far. the purification of nhor from crude extracts of streptococcus sanguis nctc 7863 strain (by ultrafiltration and anion-exchange chromatography) revealed one fraction of 125 +/- kda. however, sds-page electrophoresis provided a single protein of 21.1 +/- 1.2 kda. this la ... | 1996 | 8733891 |
| site-specific and compensatory mutations imply unexpected pathways for proton delivery to the qb binding site of the photosynthetic reaction center. | in photosynthetic reaction centers, a quinone molecule, qb, is the terminal acceptor in light-induced electron transfer. the protonatable residues glu-l212 and asp-l213 have been implicated in the binding of qb and in proton transfer to qb anions generated by electron transfer from the primary quinone qa. here we report the details of the construction of the ala-l212/ala-l213 double mutant strain by site-specific mutagenesis and show that its photosynthetic incompetence is due to an inability to ... | 1993 | 8105468 |
| cloning and characterization of an actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae outer membrane protein belonging to the family of pal lipoproteins. | a 14-kda outer membrane protein (omp) was purified from actinobacillus pleuro-pneumoniae serotype 2. the protein strongly reacts with sera from pigs experimentally or naturally infected with any of the 12 serotypes of a. pleuropneumoniae. the gene encoding this protein was isolated from a gene library of a. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 reference strain by immunoscreening. expression of the cloned gene in escherichia coli revealed that the protein is also located in the outer membrane fraction of ... | 1996 | 8763621 |
| strain and housing affect cocaine self-selection and open-field locomotor activity in mice. | we recently conducted an experiment to investigate the possible cooperation between genetic makeup and differential housing on cocaine self-administration in male and female c57bl/6j and dba/2j mice. cocaine self-selection was measured in a two-choice test with one choice being cocaine-hcl solution of 40 mg% in tap water and the other choice being plain tap water. housing conditions began at weaning (21-23 days of age) and consisted of group housed (gh) with 2-3 mice per cage, and isolated house ... | 1993 | 8415829 |
| genetic organization and functional analysis of the otn dna essential for cell-wall polysaccharide synthesis in vibrio cholerae o139. | in 1992 a new vibrio cholerae strain, designated v. cholerae o139 bengal, emerged which has been responsible for large outbreaks of cholera in india and bangladesh. previously, we have shown that this strain arose from a v. cholerae o1 strain by the acquisition of novel dna. sequence analysis revealed that the novel dna is flanked by two genes, rfad and rfbqrs, which are also found in o1 strains. the mosaic structure of rfadvco139 indicated that it was one of the regions involved in recombinatio ... | 1996 | 8793876 |
| bone marrow cell response following induction of acute inflammation in different strains of mice. | the magnitude of the macrophage inflammatory response differs among inbred mouse strains. mice of the a/j strain respond poorly to sterile inflammatory stimuli while those of the c57bl/6 strain show a strong response. inflammatory macrophages found at the site of inflammation are the product of bone marrow (bm) myeloid stem cells. mice of the a/j strain were found to have half the number of bm nucleated cells per femur than those of the c57bl/6 strain. the lower bm cellularity may be one reason ... | 1993 | 8112827 |
| the contribution of the arginine dihydrolase pathway to energy metabolism by trichomonas vaginalis. | the enzymes of the arginine dihydrolase pathway were measured in trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosome-deficient lines mr-5 and mr-100, and the parent strain tv 10-02. the activities and substrate affinities of arginine deiminase, carbamate kinase and ornithine decarboxylase were similar for the hydrogenosome-deficient lines and the parent tv 10-02. the activity of catabolic ornithine carbamyltransferase, however, was found to be 5-7-fold elevated in the hydrogenosome-deficient lines; the apparent ... | 1996 | 8813682 |
| altered age-dependent modulation of tissue renin messenger rna levels in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. | to evaluate the possible role of tissue renin overproduction in the pathogenesis and time course of hypertension development in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (shr) of the okamoto strain by measuring tissue renin gene expression at different stages of hypertension development. | 1996 | 8818926 |
| the orf encoding a putative ferredoxin-like protein downstream of the vnfh gene in azotobacter vinelandii is involved in the vanadium-dependent alternative pathway of nitrogen fixation. | an open reading frame (orf) in the same operon as, but downstream of, vnfh in azotobacter vinelandii can code for a ferredoxin-like protein. the role this orf may play in the vnf (vanadium-dependent alternative) pathway of nitrogen fixation was investigated. site-directed mutagenesis was used to alter one base in each of the codons specifying amino acids 18 and 19 generating a unique bg/ii site. a kanamycin resistance cartridge was cloned into the bg/ii site. this construct was mobilized into a. ... | 1993 | 8437593 |
| arohynapenes a and b, new anticoccidial agents produced by penicillium sp. taxonomy, fermentation, and structure elucidation. | penicillium sp. fo-2295, a water isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. two active compounds, designated arohynapenes a and b, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extration and preparative hplc. arohynapene a was deduced to be (2e,4e)-5-(5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphtale ne)-2,4- pentadienoic acid, and arohynapene b was (2e,4e)-5-(2-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronapht alene)-2,4- pentadieno ... | 1994 | 8119861 |
| two approaches for assessing human safety of disperse blue 1. | disperse blue 1 is an anthraquinone dye used at low levels in semipermanent hair color formulations. dietary administration of disperse blue 1 in a national toxicology program (ntp) carcinogenesis bioassay produced transitional- and squamous-cell tumors, leiomyomas, and leiomyosarcomas of the urinary bladders of male and female f344/n rats. the occurrence of tumors in the urinary bladder of rats was associated with urothelial hyperplasia and the presence of urinary calculi. despite the occurrenc ... | 1994 | 8159817 |
| experimental induction of uterine adenocarcinoma in rats by estrogen and n-methyl-n-nitrosourea. | to induce uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma, donryu rats were given subcutaneous injections of 100 micrograms/kg estradiol dipropionate (ed) four times once a week from 3 months old, followed by weekly intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg n-methyl-n-nitrosourea (mnu) four times. in the ed+mnu group, the incidences of marked hyperplasias and adenocarcinomas were higher than those in the control and ed or mnu alone groups, when the incidences were compared in survival cases only up to the age o ... | 1993 | 8193271 |
| membrane association of leucyl-trna synthetase during leucine starvation in escherichia coli. | the influence of leucine starvation on the subcellular location of leucyl-trna synthetase in escherichia coli was examined in a leucine auxotrophic strain by sucrose density sedimentation analysis. analysis of the subcellular distribution of leucyl-trna synthetase activity revealed that during unrestricted growth, the leucine synthetase enzyme activity was found to be localized in the soluble protein fraction of the gradient. however, during restricted growth on low levels of leucine, leucyl-trn ... | 1993 | 8439330 |
| techniques for investigation of an apparent outbreak of infections with candida glabrata. | a cluster of candida glabrata isolates recovered from seven patients in an intensive care unit over a 10-week period were compared with a collection of isolates from six epidemiologically distinct outpatients and a reference strain by several dna typing methods. restriction enzyme analysis with hinii distinguished 13 strains from the 14 sources and was the method of choice. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and random amplification of polymorphic dna both detected nine types from the 14 sources; ... | 1996 | 8862586 |
| study of the torque of the bacterial flagellar motor using a rotating electric field. | bacterial flagella are driven by a rotary motor that is energized by an electrochemical ion gradient across the cell membrane. in this study the torque generated by the flagellar motor was measured in tethered cells of a smooth-swimming escherichia coli strain by using rotating electric fields to determine the relationship between the torque and speed over a wide range. by measuring the electric current applied to the sample cell and combining the data obtained at different viscosities, the torq ... | 1993 | 8471735 |
| lysophospholipase l2 of vibrio cholerae o1 affects cholera toxin production. | the implication in cholera toxin (ct) production of the newly identified gene, lypa, that encodes the lysophospholipase l2 of vibrio cholerae, was investigated. introduction of lypa into the v. cholerae o1 mutant (nf404), which has a tn5-insertion in lypa and has lost ct as well as haemolysin production, restored the lysophospholipase activity and ct production but not the haemolytic activity. inactivation of the lypa gene of the wild-type strain by chromosomal integration of a plasmid containin ... | 1996 | 8871110 |
| new immunodeficient mouse strains bred by introducing beige and xid mutations into the ksn nude strain. | we introduced two mutant genes (beige or bg, which induces a deficiency of natural killer activity, and xid, which decreases the production of immunoglobulins) into ksn nude mice with high reproductive performance. at first we produced the ksn-bg/bg(nu/nu) (ksn-bg) and ksn-xid/xid(nu/nu) (ksn-xid) congenic strain by backcross (cross-intercross method). after we identified homozygosity at the biochemical locus and polymorphic microsatellite loci, we mated ksn-bg and ksn-xid mice, and selected the ... | 1996 | 8872993 |
| mobilization of antibiotic resistance for transfer in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we describe a phenomenon of mobilization of antibiotic resistance from non-transferring strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa by cultivation with strains of p.aeruginosa capable of transferring determinants of antibiotic resistance to a susceptible recipient strain by triparental cross. in this report we described two strains of p.aeruginosa capable to mobilize for transfer the resistance determinants in strains of p.aeruginosa with multiply antibiotic resistance which were not themselves transferab ... | 1996 | 8873830 |
| coupling between trans/cis proline isomerization and protein stability in staphylococcal nuclease. | the nucleases a produced by two strains of staphylococcus aureus, which have different stabilities, differ only in the identity of the single amino acid at residue 124. the nuclease from the foggi strain of s. aureus (by convention nuclease wt), which contains his124, is 1.9 kcal.mol-1 less stable (at ph 5.5 and 20 degrees c) than the nuclease from the v8 strain (by convention nuclease h124l), which contains leu124. in addition, the population of the trans conformer at the lys116-pro117 peptide ... | 1996 | 8880915 |
| the glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase reaction is essential for normal glucose repression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | wild-type saccharomyces cerevisiae and a strain carrying a deletion in the glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase gene (pgi1) were grown in carbon-limited continuous cultures on a mixture of fructose and galactose. pulses of glucose, fructose and galactose were given to these cultures to investigate whether the pgi1 strain was capable of normal glucose repression. glucose and galactose pulses inhibited fructose consumption and thus glycolysis in the pgi1 strain by a combination of competition between glu ... | 1993 | 8508783 |
| outer membrane protein a of escherichia coli contributes to invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells. | escherichia coli is the most common gram-negative bacteria causing meningitis during the neonatal period, but is unclear what microbial factors mediate traversal of e. coli across the blood-brain barrier. outer membrane protein a (ompa), a highly conserved 35-kda protein, was examined for its role in e. coli k1 invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells (bmec). the invasive capability of the ompa+ strains was 25- to 50-fold greater than that of ompa- strains, and the invasive capability o ... | 1996 | 8557332 |
| spontaneous tandem sequence duplications reverse the thermal stability of carboxyl-terminal modified 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase. | a mutant strain of thermus thermophilus which contains deletions in the 3'-terminal region of its leub gene showed a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype in the absence of leucine. three phenotypically thermostable mutants were isolated from the temperature-sensitive strain by spontaneous evolution. each pseudorevertant carried a tandem sequence duplication in the 3' region of its leub gene. the mutated 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenases encoded by the leub genes from the pseudorevertants were m ... | 1996 | 8892833 |
| human glutathione s-transferase t1-1 enhances mutagenicity of 1,2-dibromoethane, dibromomethane and 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane in salmonella typhimurium. | the rat theta class glutathione s-transferase (gst) 5-5 has been shown to affect the mutagenicity of halogenated alkanes and epoxides. in salmonella typhimurium ta1535 expressing the rat gst5-5 the number of revertants was increased compared to the control strain by ch2br2, ethylene dibromide (edb) and 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (bde); in contrast, mutagenicity of 1,2-epoxy-3-(4'-nitro-phenoxy)propane (epnp) was reduced. s.typhimurium ta1535 cells were transformed with an expression plasmid carrying ... | 1996 | 8565128 |
| the design of strain-specific polymerase chain reactions for discrimination of the racoon rabies virus strain from indigenous rabies viruses of ontario. | since its recognition as a discrete epizootic in florida in the early 1950s, the raccoon strain of rabies virus (rv) has spread over almost the entire eastern seaboard of the us and now threatens to enter the southernmost regions of canada. to characterise this rv strain in more detail, nucleotide sequencing of the n and g genes, encoding the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein, respectively, of representative isolates has been undertaken. this sequence information generated a conserved restriction m ... | 1996 | 8919819 |
| inducibility of various cytochrome p450 isozymes by phenobarbital and some other xenobiotics in drosophila melanogaster. | the inducibility of cytochrome p450 isozymes has been investigated in the drosophila melanogaster insecticide susceptible (oregon r) and insecticide resistant (91r) strains. both the level and induction kinetics of 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase activity were stimulated by phenobarbital (pb) to a lower extent than that of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in the oregon r strain. the basal level of the cytochrome p450-linked activities in insecticide resistant flies was higher than that noted in suscep ... | 1994 | 8204104 |
| [ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, rifampin: in vitro bactericidal activity of double and triple drug combinations against strains of atypical mycobacteria]. | bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin (cip), clarithromycin (cla), rifampin (rif) alone and in combinations was studied against five atypical mycobacteria (4 isolates from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 1 collection strain) by time killing curves method. drugs were used at their attainable serum levels: cip (1 microgram/ml), cla (2 micrograms/ml), rif (16 micrograms/ml). the decrease in cfu in comparison to inoculum (10(6)-10(7) cfu/ml) was evaluated by viable counts after ... | 1993 | 8233629 |
| a new method for the investigation of endocrine-regulated autophagy and protein degradation in rat liver. | the effect of the antilipolytic agent 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (dmp) on liver autophagy and protein degradation was studied on male young adult rats (200 g body wt) of the sprague-dawley strain by electron microscopy and short-term single-pass liver perfusion and hplc amino acid assay in the perfusate. treatment with dmp (12 mg/kg body wt) enlarged the lysosomal-autophagic compartment in liver cells in 30 min and increased significantly the concentrations of valine and total amino acid in blood plas ... | 1993 | 8262162 |
| hynapenes a, b and c, new anticoccidial agents produced by penicillium sp. i. production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties. | penicillium sp. fo-1611, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. three active compounds, designated hynapenes a, b and c, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration on sephadex lh-20 and preparative hplc. hynapenes inhibited the growth of eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay using bhk-21 cells as a host. no schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations rangi ... | 1993 | 8294243 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium during its emergence in a city in southern texas. | during a 19-month period from april 1993 to october 1994, 41 isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (vref) were detected in seven different hospitals in a city in southern texas. a case-control study to determine the risk factors for acquisition was done in the hospital in which the majority of isolates were detected. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of whole-cell dna was used to determine strain identity. thirty-five (85%) of the 41 vref isolates were of the vanb phenotype ... | 1995 | 8589148 |
| characterization of the genes coding for the putative sigma factor algu and its regulators muca, mucb, mucc, and mucd in azotobacter vinelandii and evaluation of their roles in alginate biosynthesis. | the study of the biosynthesis of alginate, the exopolysaccharide produced by azotobacter vinelandii and pseudomonas aeruginosa, has biotechnological and medical significance. we report here the identification of the a. vinelandii genes coding for the putative sigma factor algu and its negative regulators muca and mucb through the suppression of the highly mucoid phenotype of an a. vinelandii strain by a plasmid encoding muca and mucb. the sequences of the a. vinelandii algu, muca, and mucb genes ... | 1996 | 8606151 |
| night and day differences in the food-intake of laboratory rats wistar and koletsky strains. | rats have an extraordinary expressive circadian organization and prefer the dark as the optimal condition of its life environment. during darkness, the rhythm of its several parameters reaches the acrophase. | 1995 | 8624748 |
| t lymphocytes play a critical role in the development of cyclosporin a-induced osteopenia. | the t lymphocyte suppressor, cyclosporin a, has been shown to cause high turnover osteoporosis. we postulated that cyclosporin a may exert its effects via the t cell rather than direct activity on bone. in this study we administered cyclosporin a (15 mg/kg.day by gavage) to 11 10-week-old rowett athymic nude rats and to 12 age-matched immunocompetent sprague-dawley rats. placebo was administered to control groups (n = 12 for both). after 28 days of treatment, the sprague-dawley rats displayed hi ... | 1996 | 8641176 |
| pathogenicity of the diffusely adhering strain escherichia coli c1845: f1845 adhesin-decay accelerating factor interaction, brush border microvillus injury, and actin disassembly in cultured human intestinal epithelial cells. | the diffusely adhering escherichia coli strain c1845 harboring the fimbrial f1845 adhesin can infect cultured human intestinal epithelial cells. the mechanism by which e. coli c1845 induces diarrheal illness remains unknown. this study investigated the injuries of cultured human intestinal cells promoted by e. coli c1845. membrane-associated decay accelerating factor was identified as the intestinal receptor for the f1845 fimbrial adhesin of the e. coli c1845 strain by using purified f1845 adhes ... | 1996 | 8675288 |
| active efflux of fluoroquinolones in mycobacterium smegmatis mediated by lfra, a multidrug efflux pump. | the lfra gene cloned from chromosomal dna of quinolone-resistant mycobacterium smegmatis mc2-552 conferred low-level resistance to fluoroquinolones when present on multicopy plasmids. sequence analysis suggested that lfra encodes a membrane efflux pump of the major facilitator family (h. e. takiff, m. cimino, m. c. musso, t. weisbrod, r. martinez, m. b. delgado, l salazar, b. r. bloom, and w. r. jacbos, jr., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 93:362-366, 1996). in this work, we studied the role of lfra ... | 1996 | 8682782 |
| genotypic identification of rickettsia tsutsugamushi by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of dna amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. | we combined the nested polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) for genotypic identification of rickettsia tsutsugamushi. four primers were selected from the dna sequence of the gene encoding a 56-kd serotype-specific antigen of the karp strain. nested pcr produced rickettsia-specific products of approximately 0.6 kb in the amplification of dna prepared from three reference strains (gilliam, karp, and kato) and two prototype strains (irie and hirano) prev ... | 1996 | 8686786 |
| [selection in vivo in cell populations of rat ra-23 rhabdomyosarcoma at the trait "frequency of cells with bridges"]. | selection in vivo of cell clones of rat transplantable organospecific rhabdomyosarcoma ra-23 for increased and decreased frequencies of cells with chromosomal bridges (fcb) was performed. the initial average fcb in clones was 0.8% at a range of variation of from 0 to 3.0%. selection for an increase, as well as for a decrease, in the fcb in ra-23 clones was effective. after one step of selection for an increase in the fcb, the average fcb increased to 3.0%. thereafter, selection for an increase i ... | 1996 | 8723631 |
| [molecular genetic study of the strain streptomyces virginiae-- the producer of virginiamycin]. | the level and the character of the streptomyces virginiae virginiamycin-producing strain's resistance to self-produced antibiotic and a number of antibiotics from different groups were determined. s. virginiae was shown to display constitutive and inducible resistance to self-produced antibiotic. the phenomenon of cross-inducible resistance of the strain to virginiamycin and the antibiotics erythromycin, oleandomycin, and thiostrepton was demonstrated. the pto1 and pvgtb24 plasmids were introduc ... | 1996 | 8754065 |
| a pollen-, ovule-, and early embryo-specific poly(a) binding protein from arabidopsis complements essential functions in yeast. | poly(a) tails of eukaryotic mrnas serve as targets for regulatory proteins affecting mrna stability and translation. differential mrna polyadenylation and deadenylation during gametogenesis and early development are now widely recognized as mechanisms of translational regulation in animals, but they have not been observed in plants. here, we report that the expression of the pab5 gene encoding one of the poly(a) binding proteins (pabps) in arabidopsis is restricted to pollen and ovule developmen ... | 1996 | 8776896 |
| the effect of altering feed and water location and of activity on growth, performance, behavior, and walking ability of hens from two strains of commercial turkeys. | an experiment was designed to determine the influence of changing feed and water location and of increased activity on growth, performance, and behavior of turkey hens from commercial strains. the three treatment regimens consisted of locating feed and water at opposite ends of the pen with additional exercise (birds were walked around the pen approximately 10 min 5 d/wk); locating feed and water at opposite ends of the pen with no additional exercise imposed; and locating feed and water in clos ... | 1996 | 8805198 |
| cell cycle studies on the mode of action of yeast k28 killer toxin. | the virally encoded k28 killer toxin of saccharomyces cerevisiae kills sensitive cells by a receptor-mediated process. dna synthesis is rapidly inhibited, cell viability is lost more slowly and cells eventually arrest, apparently in the s phase of the cell cycle with a medium-sized bud, a single nucleus in the mother cell and a pre-replicated (1n) dna content. cytoplasmic microtubules appear normal, and no spindle is detectable. arrest of a sensitive haploid yeast strain by alpha-factor at start ... | 1996 | 8828235 |
| biological and molecular differentiation between coronaviruses associated with neonatal calf diarrhoea and winter dysentery in adult cattle. | cytopathic coronaviruses were isolated in hrt-18 cells from bloody faecal samples collected from cows in québec dairy herds with classical winter dysentery (wd). the formation of polykaryons in the infected cell cultures was found to be dependent on the presence of trypsin in the medium. virus identification was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and indirect protein a-gold immunoelectron microscopy using rabbit hyperimmune serum, as well as monoclonal antibodies directed against the spike ... | 1995 | 8830495 |
| luciferase in vivo expression technology: use of recombinant mycobacterial reporter strains to evaluate antimycobacterial activity in mice. | the development of new drugs and vaccines directed against mycobacterium tuberculosis is severely impeded by the slow growth of this organism and the need to work under stringent biosafety conditions. these difficulties pose considerable obstacles when animal studies with m. tuberculosis are performed. we investigated whether a novel approach termed luciferase in vivo expression, using an enhanced luciferase-expressing mycobacterial strain, could be used to evaluate antimycobacterial activity in ... | 1996 | 8834887 |
| estimation of the abundance of an uncultured soil bacterial strain by a competitive quantitative pcr method. | strain ea25 was identified in a clone library of bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences that had been amplified from dna extracted from soil collected in eastern washington state. ea25 was subsequently shown to be related to members of the genera planctomyces and chlamydia and most closely related (93% similarity) to strain mc18, a strain identified in an australian soil sample (w. liesack and e. stackebrandt, j. bacteriol. 174:5072-5078, 1992). a competitive quantitative pcr method developed by zach ... | 1996 | 8837435 |
| induction of siv capsid-specific ctl and mucosal siga in mice immunized with a recombinant s. typhimurium aroa mutant. | we have developed a new expression system based on the e. coli groel promoter. the suicide vector constructed (called apc vector) allows simultaneous attenuation of a salmonella strain by disruption of the coding sequence for aroa and stable integration of a gene into the bacterial chromosome. high-level expression of antigen is achieved after salmonella is taken up by macrophages, a major antigen processing cell of the host. the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) and the simian immunodefic ... | 1996 | 8852411 |
| airway interleukin-8 in elderly patients with bacterial lower respiratory tract infections. | we investigated the interleukin-8 (il-8) levels and neutrophil numbers in the sputum of 9 elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infections, including pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, before and after treatment with various antimicrobial agents. the il-8 levels in sputum supernatants and the neutrophil numbers in sputum smears from 9 patients decreased significantly after the elimination of the causative respiratory pathogens. we also demonstrated that human recombinant il-8 at a range o ... | 1996 | 8867615 |
| partial antigenic characterization of potato virus s (andean strain) by monoclonal antibodies. | four mouse monoclonal antibodies (moabs)) against potato virus s andean strain (pvsa) were tested. while moabs 2 and 3 reacted only with complete virions and were apparently specific for epitopes dependent on quaternary structure, moabs 1 and 4 appared to be conformation independent and reacted with exposed regions on native virions as well as on the surface of dissociated coat protein subunits. this seems to be an evidence of metatope existence. the results of competitive binding tests together ... | 1996 | 8886094 |
| lack of expression of the global regulator oxyr in haemophilus influenzae has a profound effect on growth phenotype. | a pbr322-based library of chromosomal dna from the nontypeable haemophilus influenzae tn106 was screened for the expression of transferrin-binding activity in escherichia coli. a recombinant clone expressing transferrin-binding activity contained a 3.7-kb fragment of nontypeable h. influenzae dna. nucleotide sequence analysis of this insert revealed the presence of two complete open reading frames encoding proteins of approximately 26 and 34 kda. mini-tn10kan transposon mutagenesis at different ... | 1996 | 8890216 |
| purification, characterization and biological evaluation of recombinant leech-derived tryptase inhibitor (rldti) expressed at high level in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | an efficient expression/purification procedure has been developed which allows the production of pure, biologically active recombinant leech-derived tryptase inhibitor (rldti), originally found in the leech hirudo medicinalis. the gene for ldti was generated synthetically from three overlapping oligonucleotides by pcr synthesis. ldti was expressed in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the copper-inducible cup1 promoter and fused to the invertase signal sequence (suc2). the e ... | 1996 | 8917464 |
| reinforcement of bone cement around the femoral prosthesis tip by pre-coated wire coil: a human cadaver bone study. | in order to alleviate fixation-related problems of cemented total hip arthroplasty (tha), a wire coil was incorporated within the cement mantle at the distal end of femoral prosthesis in a sectioned human cadaver specimen. mechanical push-out test results showed that the wire reinforcement reduces the hoop strain by 50% at the exterior surface of the bone. the reinforced specimen also showed less axial stem displacement. the use of wire coil within the cement mantle could reduce hoop strain and ... | 1996 | 8922261 |
| a protective surface protein from type v group b streptococci shares n-terminal sequence homology with the alpha c protein. | infection by group b streptococci (gbs) is an important cause of bacterial disease in neonates, pregnant women, and nonpregnant adults. historically, serotypes ia, ib, ii, and iii have been most prevalent among disease cases; recently, type v strains have emerged as important strains in the united states and elsewhere. in addition to type-specific capsular polysaccharides, many gbs strains possess surface proteins which demonstrate a laddering pattern on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ... | 1996 | 8926097 |
| luminal bacteria and proteases together decrease adherence of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to chinese hamster ovary epithelial cells: a novel host defence against an enteric pathogen. | factors that prevent colonic mucosal invasion by pathogenic entamoeba histolytica are not understood. a key initial step in pathogenesis of injury induced by amoeba is adherence to target cells mediated by a surface glycoprotein lectin on e histolytica. mucin degrading bacteria normally present in the colon lumen produce glycosidases that degrade soluble or cell surface glycoconjugates. | 1996 | 8944559 |
| antisense inhibition of the brain kallikrein-kinin system. | we used antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (odn) strategy, based on interference of information flow from gene to protein, to determine the role of kininogen and bradykinin b2 receptor genes in the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension in rats. mean blood pressure of 9-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) increased 4 hours after acute intracerebroventricular injection of synthetic 18-mer antisense odns targeting the translation initiation codon of kininogen mrna (from 164 +/- 5 to 181 +/- 4 ... | 1996 | 8952586 |
| development of an arabinose-fermenting zymomonas mobilis strain by metabolic pathway engineering. | the substrate fermentation range of the ethanologenic bacterium zymomonas mobilis was expanded to include the pentose sugar, l-arabinose, which is commonly found in agricultural residues and other lignocellulosic biomass. five genes, encoding l-arabinose isomerase (araa), l-ribulokinase (arab), l-ribulose-5-phosphate-4-epimerase (arad), transaldolase (talb), and transketolase (tkta), were isolated from escherichia coli and introduced into z. mobilis under the control of constitutive promoters th ... | 1996 | 8953718 |
| an oxaloacetate decarboxylase homologue protein influences the intracellular survival of legionella pneumophila. | legionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular parasite which is able to survive in various eukaryotic cells. we characterised a tn5-mutant of the l. pneumophila corby strain and were able to identify the insertion site of the transposon. it is localised within an open reading frame which shows high homology to the alpha-subunit of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase (oada) of klebsiella pneumoniae. the oada homologous protein of l. pneumophila was detected in the wild-type strain by western b ... | 1996 | 8961567 |
| [similarities and differences between western equine encephalomyelitis viruses with respect to genes for nonstructural protein nsp2 and structural proteins c and e2]. | genetic relationships of geographical isolates of the members of wee virus serocomplex (mcmillan, fort morgan, highlands j, and y62-33) were assessed by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction analysis of the pcr products. oligonucleotide primers (21 nucleotides in length) were chosen for nsp2, nucleocapsid c, and e2-e1 protein genes based on the known primary structure of the mcmillan 16310-5614 genome (l. uryvayev et al., 1994, 1995). these primers were shown to differentiate well ... | 1996 | 8967065 |
| genesis and variability of [psi] prion factors in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have previously shown that multicopy plasmids containing the complete sup35 gene are able to induce the appearance of the non-mendelian factor [psi]. this result was later interpreted by others as a crucial piece of evidence for a model postulating that [psi] is a self-modified, prion-like conformational derivative of the sup35 protein. here we support this interpretation by proving that it is the overproduction of sup35 protein, and not the excess of sup35 dna or mrna that causes the appeara ... | 1996 | 8978027 |
| deletion of the schizophyllum commune a alpha locus: the roles of a alpha y and z mating-type genes. | the a alpha locus is one of four master regulatory loci that determine mating type and regulate sexual development in schizophyllum commune. we have made a plasmid containing a ura1 gene disruption of the a alpha y1 gene. y1 is the sole a alpha gene in a alpha 1 strains. we used the plasmid construction to produce an a alpha null (i.e., a alpha delta) strain by replacing the genomic y1 gene with ura1 in an a alpha 1 strain. to characterize the role of the a alpha genes in the regulation of sexua ... | 1996 | 8978032 |
| defining the active site of yeast seryl-trna synthetase. mutations in motif 2 loop residues affect trna-dependent amino acid recognition. | the active site of class ii aminoacyl-trna synthetases contains the motif 2 loop, which is involved in binding of atp, amino acid, and the acceptor end of trna. in order to characterize the active site of saccharomyces cerevisiae seryl-trna synthetase (serrs), we performed in vitro mutagenesis of the portion of the ses1 gene encoding the motif 2 loop. substitutions of amino acids conserved in the motif 2 loop of seryl-trna synthetases from other sources led to loss of complementation of a yeast ... | 1997 | 8995413 |