| loss of mesothelial electronegative fixed charges during murine septic peritonitis. | previous studies showed that murine septic peritonitis induced a substantial reduction of the anionic site density distribution in mesenteric and diaphragmatic microvessels. the present study shows that acute experimental septic peritonitis induces a severe reduction of the anionic site density distribution along the submesothelial basement membrane. five days after induction of peritonitis, there was a partial recovery of anionic sites which even at 13 days was not completed. this observation s ... | 1989 | 2644568 |
| impaired clearance of escherichia coli bacteremia in early biliary obstruction. | adult male rats underwent common bile duct ligation or sham celiotomy. at intervals of 7 and 14 days postoperatively, bacteremia was induced by intravenous injection of 10(9) escherichia coli or intraperitoneal injection of 10(6) e. coli. serial quantitative blood cultures and quantitative whole organ cultures were obtained. one week after surgery, clearance of bacteremia was impaired in all of the animals. clearance of intraperitoneally injected e. coli was less efficient in the duct ligation r ... | 1989 | 2644860 |
| hypertension alters microvascular responses in skeletal muscle to hyperdynamic bacteremia and hypodynamic escherichia coli sepsis. | altered vascular reactivity to numerous vasoactive substances in hypertension formed the basis for studying the in vivo microcirculation of skeletal muscle tissue during high cardiac output bacteremia and low cardiac output sepsis. large and small arteriole and venule diameters of the cremaster muscle were measured via videomicroscopy in normotensive and 1k-1c-renovascular hypertensive rats before and after the infusion of live escherichia coli bacteria. during hyperdynamic bacteremia and during ... | 1989 | 2645461 |
| simultaneous production of interleukin 6, interferon-beta and colony-stimulating activity by fibroblasts after viral and bacterial infection. | different viruses were compared with the double-stranded rna poly(ri).poly(rc) and interleukin (il) 1 for their il 6-inducing potential in several human and animal cell types. the laboratory viruses sendai, mengo and newcastle disease virus were found to dose dependently stimulate il 6 production in diploid fibroblasts. a similar effect was obtained with the human pathogens, measles and rubella virus. concomitantly with il 6, two other cytokine activities, i.e., interferon-beta and colony-stimul ... | 1989 | 2646135 |
| continuous intravenous infusion of deferoxamine reduces mortality by paraquat in vitamin e-deficient rats. | paraquat, an oxygen radical-generating agent, is a widely used agrochemical that is also toxic for humans, in whom it may cause respiratory failure. in the present study, we investigated the effect of deferoxamine (df), an iron chelator with antioxidant capacity, on paraquat toxicity in vitamin e-deficient rats. after the administration of paraquat at a dose of 20 mg/kg the animals were treated with a continuous intravenous infusion of df for 14 days. in a dose-response study, four of six animal ... | 1989 | 2647008 |
| inner ear disturbances following inoculation of endotoxin into the middle ear. | inner ear function was assessed by a frequency-specific (+/-100 hz) auditory brainstem response (abr) technique after a single instillation of a suspension of purified e. coli lipopolysaccharide in sterile water into the round window (rw) niche in rats. instillation of endotoxin caused a transient concentration and tonotopically dependent dysfunction of the inner ear. the largest threshold impairment occurred in the high-frequency region anatomically located close to the rw. at 31.5 khz the thre ... | 1989 | 2648747 |
| splanchnic blood flows in a rat model of antibiotic-controlled intra-abdominal abscess during normoxia and hyperoxia. | we have characterized splanchnic blood flows in a rat model of antibiotic-controlled, intra-abdominal abscess (acia) in normoxic and hyperoxic environments. abscesses (1.5 ml average volume) were established by implanting a fecal-agar pellet containing known numbers and strains of live escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis into the peritoneal cavity of rats via a midline incision. sham-operated rats (sr) served as controls. cannulas (pe-50) were placed into the left ventricle of both sr and ... | 1989 | 2650917 |
| micropreparative separation of transfer ribonucleic acids by high-performance liquid chromatography. | a method was developed for the micropreparative separation of individual species of trna using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on large pore spherical silica bonded with c3 alkyl chains. columns were eluted with linear gradients of decreasing sodium chloride and increasing methanol concentrations. the decreasing salt gradient gradually abolished hydrophobic interactions and a significantly higher selectivity was thus obtained when compared with increasing gradients of salts ... | 1989 | 2651468 |
| the role of prostaglandins in endotoxin stimulated glycogenolysis in the liver. | | 1989 | 2653002 |
| an enzyme immunoassay for human lymphotoxin. | a highly sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay (eia) for human lymphotoxin (hlt) has been developed. the assay is based upon a sandwich system employing two kinds of anti-hlt antibodies with neutralizing activity. one of them was mouse monoclonal antibody raised against escherichia coli-derived recombinant hlt with a deletion of 20 amino-terminal amino acids and used as labelled antibody. the other was rabbit antibody raised against the carboxyl-terminal portion of hlt and used as solid-phas ... | 1989 | 2654187 |
| roles of spleen and liver in the clearance of escherichia coli k1 bacteraemia in infant rats. | the age-dependent increase in resistance of infant rats to k1 e. coli infection was studied by analysing the clearance of intravenously injected radiolabelled o18:k1 e. coli bacteria. in susceptible 7-day-old rats, the rate of reticuloendothelial clearance could not compete with bacterial multiplication, while the resistance of 18-day-old rats was attributed to the increased sequestration of bacteria in the spleen. after passive immunization with rat monoclonal anti-o18 igg2b, the o18:k1 e. coli ... | 1989 | 2654535 |
| the structure of the escherichia coli hemb gene. | the escherichia coli hemb gene, which encodes 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, and was cloned into ptz18u, a multicopy plasmid, was sequenced. the hemb insert was double-digested with restriction enzymes and recloned back into ptz18u and ptz19u to allow for sequencing in two directions. in a second procedure, used to fill in gaps and to confirm the sequence derived from the first procedure, the whole insert was cloned into m13 phages. a nested set of deletions was constructed and recloned into ... | 1989 | 2656410 |
| the effect of endotoxin on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle requires the presence of plasma. | the administration of endotoxin in vivo results in an increase in glucose utilization through an as yet undetermined mechanism. this study evaluated (1) the contribution of blood to the increased glucose utilization noted following endotoxemia, (2) the direct action of endotoxin on skeletal muscle glucose uptake in an isolated hindlimb perfusion system and in incubated muscle, and (3) the possibility that the increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle mediated by endotoxin requires the presence ... | 1989 | 2658919 |
| lipopolysaccharide-induced insulin resistance in monolayers of cultured hepatocytes. | in order to clarify the endotoxin effect on the hepatic removal of insulin, the influence of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from e. coli 0111:b4 on the insulin binding and endocytosis in cultured hepatocytes from adult male rats has been investigated. lps decreases both processes in a time and temperature-dependent manner, showing a major effect at short time and low temperature, according to the characteristics of lps binding and uptake. | 1989 | 2659062 |
| progress in reye syndrome: epidemiology, biochemical mechanisms and animal models. | | 1989 | 2659225 |
| energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during chronic endotoxemia in rats. | the effects of continuously administered endotoxin on 7-day energy balance were investigated in male rats. three groups of rats were implanted with osmotic pumps; two groups received saline-filled pumps, whereas the third received endotoxin. one of the saline groups was pair fed to match the food intake of the endotoxemic rats. after 7 days, body energy and protein and fat contents of rats were determined together with the energy content of food and feces. endotoxin infusion not only induced fev ... | 1989 | 2659577 |
| the peptide sequences near the bound pyridoxal phosphate are conserved in serine dehydratase from rat liver, and threonine dehydratases from yeast and escherichia coli. | the blocked amino-terminal residue of rat liver serine dehydratase was shown to be acetylalanine by analysis of an isolated amino-terminal peptide after digestion with acylamino acid-releasing enzyme. digestion of the borohydride-reduced, carboxymethylated enzyme with lysyl endopeptidase yielded a single epsilon-n-pyridoxyllysine-containing peptide, whose sequence is met-asp-ser-ser-gln-pro-ser-gly-ser-phe-lys(pxy)-ile-arg-gly- his-leu-cys(cm)-lys. this peptide comprises residues 30-49 of the cd ... | 1989 | 2660911 |
| development of a vector system for the expression of bioengineered proteins. | the low natural abundance of many proteins is a major factor in preventing their development as therapeutic or diagnostic tools. to circumvent this barrier, we have used synthetic oligonucleotide technology to construct a gene based on the sequence of a cdna for human interleukin 6 (il-6). the synthetic gene encodes a cysteine-free, bioengineered ril-6 protein, which is expressed at high concentrations in escherichia coli as a tripartite fusion protein. cleavage of the fusion protein with collag ... | 1989 | 2663236 |
| role of anaerobic bacteria in intra-abdominal septic abscesses in mediating septic control of skeletal muscle glucose oxidation and lactic acidemia. | altered glucose metabolism and lactic acidemia are features of gram-negative polymicrobial abscesses, but the relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and the aerobic or anaerobic organisms is unclear. since reductions in the % active pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdha) limits glucose oxidation in sepsis, the effect of a 7-day monoclonal (e. coli or b. fragilis) vs. biclonal (e. coli + b. fragilis) intra-abdominal abscess (ia) on pdha and lactate concentrations in skeletal muscle (sm) and ... | 1989 | 2664200 |
| [immunohistochemical, immunocytochemical and electron microscope studies in experimental e. coli pyelonephritis]. | authors have studied in apostematous pyelonephritis induced by the ligation of the ureter and the intravenous injection of e coli bacteria the localization and elimination with time of the pathogen. the pathogen was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy, its parietel antigen was localized with the light microscopic peroxidase antiperoxidase and post-embedding electron microscopic immunogold techniques. two days after inoculation the suppurative inflammation of tubulo-interstitial foci wa ... | 1989 | 2664479 |
| ethanol administration diminishes the endotoxin-induced increase in glucose metabolism. | the metabolism of ethanol (etoh) is known to increase the cytosolic nadh/nad ratio and consequently impairs hepatic glucose output in the fasted state. in contrast, one of the characteristic alterations in glucose metabolism produced by the administration of endotoxin is an increase in the de novo synthesis of glucose. therefore, the present study tests the hypothesis that the acute administration of etoh will prevent the endotoxin-induced increase in glucose production. in vivo glucose kinetics ... | 1989 | 2665557 |
| fusion proteins containing androgen receptor sequences and their use in the production of poly- and monoclonal anti-androgen receptor antibodies. | complementary dna segments that encode different domains of human and rat androgen receptors were fused to the escherichia coli trpe gene using path expression vectors. fusion proteins expressed by the bacteria were used to immunize rats and rabbits to obtain polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptors. spleen cells of immunized rats were fused with myeloma cells to obtain stable hybridomas that produced monoclonal antibodies. gradient centrifugation and immuno-precipitation assays indicated tha ... | 1989 | 2666105 |
| purification of rabbit platelet secretory phospholipase a2 and its characteristics. | it was reported previously that rat platelets release phospholipase a2 upon in vitro stimulation by thrombin, adp, or a23187 (horigome, k., hayakawa, m., inoue, k., & nojima, s. (1987) j. biochem. 101, 53-61). secretion of phospholipase a2 was also observed with rabbit platelets. rabbit platelets seem to release phospholipase a2 upon stimulation in vivo, because the rabbit plasma taken immediately after intravenous injection of paf contained an appreciable level of phospholipase a2 activity and ... | 1989 | 2668261 |
| muscle glutamine concentration and protein turnover in vivo in malnutrition and in endotoxemia. | a comparison of the changes in the concentration of glutamine [gln] in skeletal muscle in a variety of catabolic states with the attendant changes in rates of protein synthesis and degradation indicates a number of substantial correlations which provide insight into both the way in which [gln] is regulated in muscle and possible regulatory influences of [gln] on protein balance. there is a striking direct correlation between [gln] and the rate of protein synthesis in the whole data set. further ... | 1989 | 2668704 |
| alterations in host defense associated with inhalation anesthesia and blood transfusion. | anesthesia and blood transfusions have been demonstrated to impair immune function. the present study evaluated whether these impairments led to increased susceptibility to infectious complications in two animal models. both transfusions and anesthesia (methoxyflurane) were found to increase susceptibility to peritoneal escherichia coli infections. this susceptibility increased with time after the transfusions but decreased with time after anesthesia. neither transfusions nor anesthesia altered ... | 1989 | 2669557 |
| [ultrastructural changes in alveolar macrophages in rats under the effect of escherichia coli endotoxin]. | electron-microscopic investigation has shown that alveolar macrophages phagocyte surfactant in the initial period of the endotoxin shock, necrotized cells--in the intermediate period, fibrin--at the stage of late endotoxemia. | 1989 | 2672477 |
| effect of dichloroacetate on plasma and hepatic amino acids in sterile inflammation and sepsis. | the effect of sterile inflammation and chronic sepsis on the plasma and hepatic free amino acid concentrations was determined. relative to control animals, only minor alterations in the plasma amino acid concentrations were observed in sterile inflammation and sepsis. in liver, concentrations of alanine, serine, threonine, asparagine, proline, and glycine were significantly increased to the same extent in sterile inflammation and sepsis, while hepatic glutamine concentrations were significantly ... | 1989 | 2673141 |
| infrared data indicate u.u mispairs in rat liver 5s rna. | the infrared spectra of ribosomal 5s rnas of escherichia coli and rat liver were measured under conditions where the structure of 5s rna is preserved. the comparison of the spectra shows significant spectral differences for the u residues which resemble in their characteristics the infrared spectra of polyuridylic acid in its base paired state. this strongly indicates the presence of u.u mispairs in rat liver 5s rna. juxtaposed u residues at positions u80-u96 and u73-u102 are potential candidate ... | 1989 | 2673227 |
| temporal response of lipoprotein lipase-suppressing mediator and tumor necrosis factor in lipopolysaccharide -injected and -infused rats. | this study was initiated to compare the temporal response of serum lipoprotein lipase-suppressing mediator (lsm) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) in lipopolysaccharide (lps) -infused or -injected rats. serial blood samples were obtained over a 5-day period from rats implanted with vascular catheters. control rats infused with saline exhibited no detectable lsm activity during the 5-day observation period. lps administered either by injection or infusion (6 h or 5 d) resulted in detection of serum ... | 1989 | 2673573 |
| expression of bovine cytochrome p450c17 cdna in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we constructed expression plasmids for bovine adrenal cytochrome p450c17 (p450c17) by inserting the corresponding cdna between the yeast alcohol dehydrogenase i promoter and terminator of the expression vector paah5. plasmids pa alpha 1 and pa alpha 2 contained the entire coding region for bovine p450c17, whereas pac alpha 1 included the cdna coding for chimeric p450c alpha consisting of the amino-terminal 45 amino acid residues of rat p450c and the carboxy-terminal 482 amino acid residues of bo ... | 1989 | 2673705 |
| human liver serine dehydratase. cdna cloning and sequence homology with hydroxyamino acid dehydratases from other sources. | rat liver serine dehydratase cdna was used to screen a human liver cdna library in lambda gt11. one positive clone occurred in every 5,000 clones. fifteen positive clones were plaque purified. the largest cdna obtained contained an open reading frame of 987 base pairs, and 5' and 3' noncoding regions of 89 and 317 base pairs, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequence, with a calculated mr of 34,615, was similar to that of rat liver serine dehydratase except for the absence of a segment consi ... | 1989 | 2674117 |
| protection by recombinant human superoxide dismutase in lethal rat endotoxemia. | in summary as mechanism of the overall protective effect of r-hsod in lethal rat endotoxemia, inhibition of hemoconcentration, a tendency of a decreased leukocyte activation and attenuation of consumption coagulopathy could be established. | 1989 | 2675076 |
| endotoxin shock in the rat: reduction of arterial blood pressure fall by the bradykinin antagonist b4148. | the selective competitive bradykinin (bk) antagonist (b4148) produced significant inhibition of the hypotensive effect of bk in rats. using a rat model of endotoxin shock, the fall in mean arterial blood pressure to an intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide from e. coli was significantly attenuated by the b4148 as compared to controls. these findings suggest that kinins are involved in the hypotensive response to endotoxin shock in rats. the development of potent bk antagonists offers a new ... | 1989 | 2675079 |
| [an experimental study on the severe type of alcoholic liver disease--a pathogenetic role of potentiated activation of complement system by endotoxin after chronic ethanol consumption]. | endotoxemia frequently appears in severe type of alcoholic liver disease. however, we have little knowledge how endotoxin influences the progression of alcoholic liver injury. thus, to study the causal mechanism for the progression to the severe type of alcoholic liver diseases, endotoxin (0.2 mg/100 g bw, e. coli o26:b6) was intravenously injected in chronic ethanol-fed rats and controls, and then, rats were sacrificed after 16 hours of endotoxin treatment. the elevation of serum got and gpt ac ... | 1989 | 2677443 |
| acyl carrier protein is present in the mitochondria of plants and eucaryotic micro-organisms. | proteins antigenically similar to the acyl carrier protein (acp) found in the mitochondria of neurospora crassa were detected by immunoblotting and radioimmunoassay techniques in mitochondria isolated from yeast, potatoes, and pea leaves. these mitochondrial proteins were similar to neurospora acp both in their electrophoretic mobility and in their unusual decrease in mobility upon reduction. authentic acp(s) show this type of change upon conversion of the acylated to the unacylated form. purifi ... | 1989 | 2680483 |
| bacteremia-induced suppression of alveolar surfactant production. | sepsis is characterized by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards)-like pulmonary dysfunction largely attributed to alveolar capillary endothelial cell injury which causes increased microvascular permeability and interstitial edema formation. in addition, quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of the pulmonary surfactant system may be important features of some clinical and experimental lung injuries. this study was designed to investigate the relationship of bacteremia and endotoxemia to ... | 1989 | 2682003 |
| structure and activity of artificial mutant variants of human growth hormone. | four artificial mutant variants of human growth hormone (hgh) with the following characteristics were prepared in escherichia coli by in vitro mutagenesis: (i) replacement of trp86 with tyr (w86y hgh); (ii) deletion of trp86 (delta w86 hgh); (iii) deletion of residues 32-46 (20-kd-hgh); and (iv) deletion of residues 32-71 (17.5-kd-hgh). both w86y hgh and delta w86 hgh have a point mutation at trp86 which is the only trp residue in hgh and is conserved among members of the growth hormone family. ... | 1989 | 2682610 |
| prostaglandin-dependent muscle wasting during infection in the broiler chick (gallus domesticus) and the laboratory rat (rattus norvegicus). | systemic infection with escherichia coli significantly decreased feed intake, slowed growth of the whole body and skeletal muscles, and severely inhibited muscle protein accumulation in both chicks and rats. treatment with naproxen (6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid), an inhibitor of prostaglandin production, decreased weight losses of body and muscle, and significantly inhibited muscle protein wasting in infected chicks and rats. e. coli infection increased net protein degradation ... | 1989 | 2688631 |
| molecular cloning and expression of cdna for rat pancreatic cholesterol esterase. | a full-length cdna complementary to the rat pancreatic cholesterol esterase mrna was isolated by screening a rat pancreatic cdna expression library in lambda gt11 vector with antibodies against the porcine pancreatic cholesterol esterase. the isolated cholesterol esterase cdna is 2050 bp in length and contains an open reading frame coding for a protein of 612 amino acids. a 20-amino acid hydrophobic leader sequence is predicted, based on the position of the first atg initiation codon upstream fr ... | 1989 | 2688744 |
| [the mutagenicity of organic microcontamination in the environment. iii. the mutagenicity of selected herbicides and insecticides in the sos chromotest]. | to determine the mutagenicity of selected herbicides and insecticides we examined 26 pure pesticide substances (polychlorinated alicyclic hydrocarbons, phenoxy fatty acids, triazines) with the help of sos-chromotest. we used escherichia coli strain pq37 in these tests without and with metabolic activation with aroclor 1254 induced rat liver microsome fraction. none of the substances showed a provable induction of the e. coli-sos-system, because a great number of the pesticides showed toxic effec ... | 1989 | 2690845 |
| modulation of immunosuppression in obstructive jaundice by tinospora cordifolia. | a clinical study was undertaken to determine the immune status of patients with obstructive jaundice. screening of 16 patients for phagocytic and microbicidal activity of polymorphonuclear cells (pmn) revealed a significant depression (21.2 +/- 3.7% phagocytosis and 20.85 +/- 4.5% intracellular killing) of these functions, as compared to normal values (30.37 +/- 5.1% and 26.41 +/- 4.3% respectively). an animal model of cholestasis was also established, using rats, in which a significant depressi ... | 1989 | 2697692 |
| vitamin e stimulates endotoxin-inhibited monocyte migration and phagocytosis in vivo. | intravenous administration of e. coli endotoxin (lps, 30 micrograms/kg, iv) inhibited thioglycollate-stimulated accumulation of monocytes into the rat peritoneal cavity, measured 48 and 72 h later, by about 40%. pretreatment of animals with vitamin e (50 mg/kg, im) restored thioglycollate-induced monocyte migration in lps-challenged rats to control levels. vitamin e also partially reversed lps-induced inhibition of monocyte phagocytosis in vivo. the results suggest that vitamin e could be benefi ... | 1989 | 2700669 |
| the effects of an occlusive zinc medicated dressing on the bacterial flora in excised wounds in the rat. | the effects of three different dressings - two occlusive and one non-occlusive - on the bacterial flora of excised wounds in rats were studied. the number of colony forming units per gram of granulation tissue were significantly lower 4, 8 and 12 days postoperatively in wounds treated with a zinc medicated occlusive dressing compared with wounds treated with non-zinc medicated occlusive hydrocolloid dressing or wet-to-dry non-occlusive gauze dressing. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) o ... | 1989 | 2714861 |
| structure and activity dependence of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor ii on disulfide bond pairing. | the complete peptide map of purified folded recombinant human insulin-like growth factor ii (rhigf-ii) was determined to verify its sequence and disulfide bonding scheme. each peptide generated by digestion with pepsin was purified and characterized by amino acid analysis, amino acid sequence analysis, and fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry. some peptides were also sequenced using tandem mass spectrometry. the rhigf-ii peptide map was compared to that of rat insulin-like growth factor ii an ... | 1989 | 2722836 |
| physical location of the site for n-acetyl-l-glutamate, the allosteric activator of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, in the 20-kilodalton cooh-terminal domain. | mammalian liver mitochondrial carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, a polypeptide of 160 kda, is activated allosterically by n-acetyl-l-glutamate. the analogue of this activator n-(chloroacetyl)-l-[14c]glutamate has been found to serve as a photoaffinity label for this enzyme. the specificity was demonstrated by the drastic reduction in the radioactivity bound to the protein when (a) an excess of unlabeled acetylglutamate was present during the irradiation and (b) the enzyme was replaced by pyruvate k ... | 1989 | 2742825 |
| generation of polyclonal antibodies against purified rat whey acidic proteins and the synthesis of a tracer fusion protein suitable for use in radioimmunoassays. | rodent milk consists mainly of caseins and whey proteins. a major component of the latter group is the whey acidic proteins (wap) the gene for which has been cloned recently and shown to contain several potential glucocorticoid receptor binding sites. studies on the regulation of this gene by glucocorticoids would be greatly enhanced by the availability of a radioimmunoassay for wap. rat milk was obtained from lactating sprague-dawley rats and the wap purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate ... | 1989 | 2753223 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluations of a new broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin, bmy-28232, and its prodrug esters. | the in vitro activity of a new cephalosporin, bmy-28232 (7-[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido]-3-[ (z)-1- propenyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid), was compared with those of cefuroxime and bmy-28488, the 3-vinyl congener of bmy-28232, against 899 bacteria including strains resistant to newer cephalosporins. bmy-28232 displayed potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with high stability to various types of beta-lactamase. its acetoxyethyl ester (bmy-28271) and pivaloyloxymet ... | 1989 | 2786371 |
| nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of two distinct cdnas for rat phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase. | the rat yoshida sarcoma (ys) cdna library was screened using oligonucleotide probes designed from peptide sequences of rat phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase, and two distinct clones were obtained. nucleotide sequencing revealed that both clones encode 317 amino acids containing the peptide sequences. the deduced amino acid sequences of the two differ only by 13 residues (96%) identity), whereas the nucleotide sequences are relatively divergent (81% identity in the coding regions). these res ... | 1987 | 2822704 |
| enzyme binding-inhibiting assay for iodothyronine 5'-monodeiodinase (5'-md) and its application to isolation of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid clones for the 5'-md in rat liver. | to identify and/or quantify type i t4 5'-monodeiodinase (5'-md) immunologically, polyclonal antibodies were produced by immunization of rabbits with solubilized microsomal proteins (smp) from rat liver. pilot studies showed that the antibody binds to, but does not neutralize, rat liver enzyme. we have employed the polyclonal antibody to develop a 5'-md enzyme binding-inhibiting assay (mbia). for this purpose, active, inactive, or synthetic 5'-md was preincubated with rabbit antibody and removed ... | 1988 | 2841089 |
| the structure of the regulatory region of the rat l1 (l1rn, long interspersed repeated) dna family of transposable elements. | here we report the dna structure of the left 1.5 kb of two newly isolated full length members of the rat l1 dna family (l1rn, long interspersed repeated dna). in contrast to earlier isolated rat l1 members, both of these contain promoter-like regions that are most likely full length. in addition, the promoter-like region of both members has undergone a partial tandem duplication. a second internal region of the left end of one of the reported members is also tandemly duplicated. the propensity o ... | 1988 | 2845369 |
| the catalytic subunit of camp-dependent protein kinase induces expression of genes containing camp-responsive enhancer elements. | transcriptional regulation of eukaryotic genes by cyclic amp requires a camp-dependent protein kinase (a kinase). two hypotheses have been proposed to explain how the holoenzyme of the a kinase induces transcription. the regulatory subunits of the a kinase, which bind camp and dna, and have amino-acid homology with the escherichia coli catabolite activator protein could directly stimulate gene expression. alternatively, phosphorylation by the catalytic subunits could induce transcription by acti ... | 1988 | 2847055 |
| diphosphonates are potent inhibitors of mammalian inorganic pyrophosphatase. | methanediphosphonate and 12 analogs thereof with different substituents at the carbon atom are potent competitive inhibitors of highly purified rat liver and bovine heart inorganic pyrophosphatases. the inhibition constants for the most effective diphosphonates, which contain an nh2 or oh group at the bridge carbon atom, are in the micromolar range. yeast and escherichia coli pyrophosphatases are markedly less sensitive to the diphosphonates. pyrophosphatase inhibition may be related to the nume ... | 1988 | 2848451 |
| a model of acute infectious neonatal diarrhoea. | oral inoculation of neonatal mfi mice with enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli that possessed the k99 or f41 antigen or both resulted in severe diarrhoea with high mortality. the diarrhoea was associated with increased fluid in the gut, greatly increased numbers of e. coli in gut homogenates and reduced weight gain compared to control animals. further studies with strain b44 demonstrated greatly increased numbers of e. coli on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and haemo-concentration. ... | 1987 | 2856846 |
| preferential degradation of the oxidatively modified form of glutamine synthetase by intracellular mammalian proteases. | four intracellular proteases partially purified from liver preferentially degraded the oxidatively modified (catalytically inactive) form of glutamine synthetase. one of the proteases was cathepsin d which is of lysosomal origin; the other three proteases were present in the cytosol. two of these were calcium-dependent proteases with different calcium requirements. the low-calcium-requiring type (calpain i) accounted for most of the calcium-dependent activity of both mouse and rat liver. the cal ... | 1985 | 2856920 |
| purification of f1-atpase from cuckoo-pint (arum maculatum) mitochondria. a comparison of subunit composition with that of rat liver f1-atpase. | plant mitochondrial atpase has been chloroform-solubilized and purified by gel filtration from spadices of cuckoo-pint (arum maculatum). the subunit composition of purified plant and rat liver atpase were compared by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. the delta- and epsilon-subunits of the plant enzyme are larger than their supposed rat liver counterparts and, as such, a. maculatum mitochondrial atpase shows structural homologies with the enzyme from escherichia coli [fu ... | 1985 | 2858202 |
| import and processing of hybrid proteins by mammalian mitochondria in vitro. | normal and hybrid proteins were synthesized following transcription of psp64 recombinant plasmids with sp6 polymerase and translation of resultant mrnas in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. the precursor to the rat liver mitochondrial matrix enzyme, ornithine carbamyltransferase (mr = approximately 40,000), was efficiently imported by rat heart mitochondria in vitro and processed to mature protein. import of the precursor to a second matrix enzyme, carbamyl-phosphate synthetase i (mr = approximately ... | 1986 | 2867093 |
| propyldazine is mutagenic in salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli: distinct specificity for strains ta1537 and ta97. | the antihypertensive drug propyldazine (atensil) was demonstrated to be mutagenic with auxotrophic mutants of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. addition of liver s9 mix (postmitochondrial supernatant fraction supplemented with an nadph-generating system) had little, if any, effect on the mutagenicity. the mutagenicity showed an unusual pattern of strain specificity. increased frequencies of reversion were observed with all strains whose auxotrophy was caused by frame-shift mutations: ... | 1985 | 2867616 |
| in vitro and in vivo adherence of uropathogenic escherichia coli strains. | twenty-eight escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections were assayed for fimbrial type, in vitro capacity to agglutinate guinea pig red blood cells, and in vivo adherence to rat bladder uroepithelium. a direct correlation was found between hemagglutinating capacity and in vivo adherence. strains with both type 1 and p fimbriae showed the greatest adherence in vivo. of the 28 strains, seven did not manifest either type 1 or p fimbriae but agglutinat ... | 1986 | 2872339 |
| activation of guanylate cyclase by e. coli heat-stable enterotoxin (sta). modulation by nad and pertussis toxin. | the heat-stable enterotoxin (sta) of e. coli activates intestinal guanylate cyclase and leads to increased cgmp levels by an as yet undetermined mechanism. in comparing this cgmp system to other known toxin-mediated alterations in camp metabolism, we observed that pertussis toxin caused lower levels of intestinal cgmp synthesis in response to purified sta. another participant in adp-ribosylation reactions, nad, enhanced the ability of sta to activate guanylate cyclase, yet had no effect on basal ... | 1986 | 2873059 |
| the net fluid secretion caused by cyclic 3'5'-guanosine monophosphate in the rat jejunum in vivo is mediated by a local nervous reflex. | the tissue concentration of cyclic 3'5'-guanosine monophosphate (cgmp) has been shown to increase in the small intestine when net fluid secretion is evoked by the heat-stable enterotoxine of escherichia coli. lipophilic cgmp analogues are also known to elicit intestinal fluid secretion. it is therefore believed that an increase in intracellular cgmp concentration in enterocytes mediates this secretion. the present study reports that the fluid secretion, elicited by placing two different cgmp ana ... | 1986 | 2876584 |
| the localization of the antibody response in milk or bile depends on the nature of the antigen. | immunization in the peyer's patches of rats with horse spleen ferritin or escherichia coli 06 carrying type 1 pili resulted in an iga antibody response detected in milk and bile and an igg and igm antibody response in serum, milk, and bile. the iga antibody response to type 1 pili was as a mean 5.0-fold higher in milk than in bile. in contrast iga antibody activity to 06 lps was as a mean 6.3-fold higher in bile than in milk. the iga antibodies to ferritin were randomly distributed between milk ... | 1987 | 2879867 |
| bacterial lectins, cell-cell recognition and infectious disease. | numerous bacterial strains produce surface lectins, commonly in the form of fimbriae that are filamentous assemblies of protein subunits. among the best characterized of these are the type 1 (mannose specific) fimbrial lectins of escherichia coli that consist almost exclusively of one class of subunit with a molecular mass of 17 kda. they possess an extended combining site corresponding to a trisaccharide and preferentially bind carbohydrate units of oligomannose or hybrid type. type 1 fimbriae ... | 1987 | 2885220 |
| t84 cell receptor binding and guanyl cyclase activation by escherichia coli heat-stable toxin. | escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (sta) induces intestinal secretion by binding to enterocyte receptors and activating the guanylate cyclase-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cgmp) system. the intermediate steps between binding of sta and secretion are poorly understood, due in part to the lack of a convenient system to study the effects of sta at the cellular level. to establish such a model, we investigated the binding of 125i-sta, sta activation of guanylate cyclase, and sta-induce ... | 1987 | 2892417 |
| bacterial synthesis of active rat stearyl-coa desaturase lacking the 26-residue amino-terminal amino acid sequence. | two clones containing inserts in pbr322 that together include the entire 1074-base open reading frame coding for the 358 amino acids of rat liver stearyl-coa desaturase have been used to construct expression vectors for residues 3-358 and 27-358 fused to the first 6 residues of beta-galactosidase and several amino acids of the multiple cloning site of puc8. growth of transformed escherichia coli under conditions for suppression of the lac promoter, followed by subsequent induction of these cultu ... | 1988 | 2892838 |
| binding sites in the rat brain for escherichia coli s fimbriae associated with neonatal meningitis. | escherichia coli strains that cause sepsis and meningitis in neonatal infants carry s fimbriae that bind to sialyl galactoside units of cell surface glycoproteins. to investigate the possible role of s fimbriae in determining the tissue tropism of neonatal meningitis, we have studied the presence of binding sites for s fimbriae in different tissues of the neonatal rat which is susceptible to meningitis caused by s-fimbriated e. coli. purified s fimbriae were incubated on cryostat sections of dif ... | 1988 | 2893810 |
| mitochondrial atp synthase. overexpression in escherichia coli of a rat liver beta subunit peptide and its interaction with adenine nucleotides. | the c-terminal two-thirds of the rat liver atp synthase beta subunit has been overexpressed and exported to the escherichia coli periplasm under the direction of the alkaline phosphatase (phoa) promoter and leader peptide. the processed soluble protein contains the 358 amino acids from glutamate 122 to the rat liver beta c-terminal serine 479, including all the regions that have been predicted by chemical and genetic modification studies to be involved in nucleotide, pi, and mg2+ binding. throug ... | 1988 | 2902092 |
| adrenergic blockade prevents endotoxin-induced increases in glucose metabolism. | combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade was used to investigate the role of catecholamines in endotoxin-induced elevations in glucose kinetics. glucose kinetics were measured before and for 4 h after the injection of endotoxin [100 micrograms/100 g body wt iv, 30% lethal dose (ld30) at 24 h]. adrenergic blockade was achieved by the bolus injection of phentolamine and propranolol followed by their continuous infusion. endotoxin-treated rats exhibited a transient hyperglycemia and sustained ( ... | 1988 | 2903674 |
| skeletal muscle calcium uptake in bacteremic rats. | to determine whether cellular ca2+ regulation is altered in bacteremic rat skeletal muscle, 45ca2+ uptake was measured in soleus muscles 12 h after an intraperitoneal bacterial (escherichia coli) injection. some rats received diltiazem (2.4 mg/kg iv) 10 h after bacterial injection to determine whether calcium blockers could inhibit changes in ca2+ regulation. cellular exchangeable ca2+ was measured in soleus muscles incubated for 5 min to 4 h in krebs-ringer bicarbonate (krb) media (ph 7.4) cont ... | 1989 | 2912213 |
| protective action of calcium entry blockers in endotoxin shock. | calcium entry blockers (cebs) have been reported to protect against cellular necrosis caused by experimental ischemia and the beneficial effect has been related to prevention of ischemia-induced calcium overload by the cebs. since circulatory shock can be expected to produce generalized tissue hypoxia, the possibility that cebs might be beneficial in shock produced by endotoxin was investigated. in control male wistar rats, a 10-mg/kg dose of e. coli endotoxin (difco 0127:b8) produced a fall in ... | 1986 | 2938842 |
| lipoprotein: a gram-negative cell wall component that stimulates bone resorption. | | 1986 | 2941558 |
| the biological activity of single-stranded phi x174 dna, modified by n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene, is inhibited by guanine imidazole ring-opening of the major, non-lethal aminofluorene-dna adduct. | the major aminofluorene-dna derivative, found in the liver of rats after administration of the hepatocarcinogen n-acetyl-2-aminofluorene and identified as n-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dguo-c8-af), was introduced in different amounts in single-stranded phi x174 dna by reacting the dna with tritium labeled n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene. the modified dna was subsequently incubated in 0.1 m naoh at 37 degrees c for increasing periods of time to convert the dguo-c8-af residues into their guani ... | 1986 | 2942308 |
| multiple sequences in the drosophila melanogaster u3 rna gene are homologous to vertebrate u3 rna. | we have cloned and sequenced a dna fragment from the genome of drosophila melanogaster which is homologous to novikoff hepatoma (rat) small nucleolar u3 rna. dna sequence analysis shows that the regions of homology between the cloned dna and rat u3 rna are distributed over the entire length of the molecule and the total homology of linear sequence is 53%. the present finding supports the generalization that u3 rna has been evolutionally conserved but diverges between mammals and invertebrates. t ... | 1986 | 2943278 |
| [preliminary report on the application of thromboxane b2 radioimmunoassay]. | | 1986 | 2953485 |
| endotoxin-induced atp depletion in thyrotoxic rats. | effect of endotoxin from e. coli on the atp content in heart muscle, the liver and the kidney of thyrotoxic rats was studied. when endotoxin (200-400 micrograms) was intravenously injected to rats taking drinking water containing 2-7.5 micrograms t3 per ml, body temperature rose and the heart rate increased. at the same time, a marked decrease in the atp content in heart muscle and the kidney was observed together with an increase in na+-k+-atpase activity. such changes were not observed or seen ... | 1986 | 2953588 |
| lipocortin inhibition of extracellular and intracellular phospholipases a2 is substrate concentration dependent. | hydrolysis of escherichia coli membrane phospholipids by pancreatic phospholipase a2 was inhibited by lipocortin from human monocytes in a substrate dependent manner. inhibition was completely overcome at substrate concentrations above 250 microm. lipocortin also inhibited partially purified preparations of two intracellular phospholipases a2 isolated from rat liver mitochondria and rat platelets when these enzymes were assayed at low micromolar concentrations of phosphatidylethanolamine. inhibi ... | 1987 | 2954856 |
| induction of prophage lambda by chlorinated pesticides. | chlorinated organics represent an important class of environmental carcinogens. however, only a small percentage of the carcinogens of this chemical class are genotoxic in prokaryotic bioassays such as the salmonella assay. in an effort to identify a short-term assay sensitive to chlorinated carcinogens, we have tested a group of chlorinated pesticides, most of which are carcinogenic in rodents, in a prophage-induction assay developed by rossman et al. (1984). the microscreen phage-induction ass ... | 1987 | 2956515 |
| enhanced myocardial depression in diabetic rats during e. coli sepsis. | the aim of this study was to determine whether diabetes enhanced the sensitivity of the myocardium to the deleterious effects of in vivo-administered escherichia coli. diabetes was induced in two groups of animals. one group received 70 mg/kg streptozotocin (iv) and exhibited a severe diabetes with elevated fasting and fed blood glucose concentrations and a markedly abnormal response to an oral glucose load. the second group received 45 mg/kg streptozotocin, was mildly diabetic (termed "latent" ... | 1987 | 2956896 |
| increased intrapulmonary retention of radiolabeled neutrophils in early oxygen toxicity. | sequential lung injuries, such as oxygen toxicity followed by septicemia, are common during the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards). as these forms of vascular injury may be mediated in part by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn), aberrant interactions between pmn and previously injured pulmonary endothelium are of both theoretical interest and clinical importance. the present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that early oxygen toxicity at a dose that injuries pulmonary endotheli ... | 1988 | 2963567 |
| [gene expression of d-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. iii. molecular cloning of a dnac]. | in order to continue the molecular studies of d-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (bdh) undertaken in our laboratory for several years, we have initiated a genetic approach which consists in the bdh cdna cloning from a rat liver cdna library. the immunoscreening method allowed to isolate a clone which exhibits a dna insert shorter than the expected full length bdh cdna. | 1987 | 2966654 |
| molecular cloning and expression in escherichia coli of the cdna coding for rat lipocortin i (calpactin ii). | lipocortins (lc) are a family of proteins that were initially described to be induced by glucocorticosteroids and to inhibit phospholipase a2 (pla2). using oligodeoxynucleotide probes corresponding to partial amino acid (aa) sequences of rat lipocortin i (lci), we have isolated a cdna clone for rat lci from a cdna library prepared from poly(a)+rna of peritoneal cells of dexamethasone-treated rat. the cdna insert (1355 bp) had an open reading frame of 1038 bp that encoded a 346-aa polypeptide (mr ... | 1988 | 2969352 |
| selenocysteine, a highly specific component of certain enzymes, is incorporated by a uga-directed co-translational mechanism. | the opal termination codon uga is used in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic species to direct the specific insertion of selenocysteine into certain selenium-dependent enzymes. so far a formate dehydrogenase (hydrogenase-linked) of escherichia coli and glutathione peroxidases of murine, human and rat origin have been identified as enzymes containing selenocysteine residues encoded by uga. a novel seryl-trna, anticodon uca, that specifically recognizes the uga codon is required for selenocysteine in ... | 1988 | 2978458 |
| characterization of a retrovirus shuttle vector capable of either proviral integration or extrachromosomal replication in mouse cells. | a retrovirus shuttle vector is described that contains the dominant selectable neo gene which confers resistance to kanamycin in bacteria and to the drug g418 in animal cells. the bacterial supf gene and the origins of dna replication from polyomavirus and the cole1 replicon also have been included in this vector. infection of normal rodent cells results in single-copy proviral integration, whereas infection of mouse (mop) cells expressing polyoma large t antigen results in extrachromosomal repl ... | 1985 | 2983188 |
| platelet activating factor (paf) involvement in endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats. studies with paf-receptor antagonist kadsurenone. | evidence from three types of experiments indicates that platelet activating factor (paf)1 is an important mediator of endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats. a) endotoxin infusion stimulates the time-dependent appearance of paf in the blood. b) paf infusion results immediately (less than 30 sec) in hypotension while endotoxin-induced hypotension takes 3-5 min to occur, allowing time for paf production. c) infusion of the specific paf-receptor antagonist kadsurenone (2.2 mumole/kg bolus, 0.9 mumol ... | 1985 | 2985058 |
| influence of e. coli endotoxin on acth induced adrenal cell steroidogenesis. | the effect of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide from e. coli) on isolated adrenocortical cells was examined. lipopolysaccharide decreased the acth-induced steroidogenesis. this effect was shown by all corticotropin concentrations studied, and the longer the incubation time, the higher the effect produced. the rate of decrease of acth-induced steroidogenesis was dependent on the concentration of lipopolysaccharide in the medium. binding of [125i]acth to adrenocortical cells was modified by lipopolysa ... | 1985 | 2985873 |
| 5'-flanking dna of the rat growth hormone gene mediates regulated expression by thyroid hormone. | thyroid hormone has been shown to rapidly stimulate the rate of rat growth hormone gene transcription which parallels the kinetics of binding of 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (l-t3) to its nuclear receptor (yaffe, b. m., and samuels, h. h. (1984) j. biol. chem. 259, 6284-6291). we have constructed a chimeric gene to explore whether the 5'-flanking region of the rat growth hormone gene contains a dna element which could mediate thyroid hormone control of growth hormone gene expression. the construct ... | 1985 | 2995348 |
| molecular cloning of cdnas cognate to genes sensitive to hormonal control in rat liver. | poly(a)-rnas were prepared from livers of rats treated with hydrocortisone and cycloheximide, then enriched for large mrnas by successive sucrose gradients and gel electrophoresis. the size-selected rnas were used as templates for synthesis of double-stranded cdnas that were cloned in escherichia coli using the pbr322 plasmid vector. recombinant plasmids characterized as carrying inserts of potential interest were further analyzed by differential hybridization to mrnas from untreated and hydroco ... | 1985 | 2999155 |
| local changes in fractional saturation of cgmp- and camp-receptors in intestinal microvilli in response to cholera toxin and heat-stable escherichia coli toxin. | cyclic nucleotide modulation of electrolyte transport across intestinal brushborder membranes is initiated by binding of cgmp and camp to high-affinity receptors at the interior of the microvilli. previously these receptors have been identified by photoaffinity-labelling techniques as regulatory domains of cgmp- and camp-dependent protein kinases. in the present study, the receptor concentration in isolated brushborder membrane vesicles and their fractional saturation in absorptive and secretory ... | 1986 | 3006789 |
| isolation and characterization of cdna clones from mouse skeletal muscle actin mrna. | the sequence corresponding to approximately 98% of mouse skeletal muscle actin mrna was determined from cdna clones isolated from a library of recombinants in pbr322. one of these clones contains dna corresponding to the complete amino acid coding region and a large part of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the mrna. comparison of the mouse coding region (conserved at the amino acid level) and noncoding regions with the corresponding regions of the rat skeletal muscle actin gene indicates th ... | 1986 | 3013550 |
| 3'-o-(4-benzoyl)benzoylcytidine 5'-triphosphate. a substrate and photoaffinity label for cmp-n-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase. | a photoreactive, radiolabeled pyrimidine nucleotide, 3'-o-(4-benzoyl)benzoylcytidine 5'-triphosphate was synthesized from benzoylbenzoic acid and radiolabeled ctp. benzoylbenzoyl-[5-3h]ctp could substitute for ctp, in an enzymatic reaction with n-acetylneuraminic acid catalyzed by escherichia coli or rat liver cmp-neuac synthetase, to yield radiolabeled benzoyl-benzoyl-cmp-neuac. e. coli cmp-neuac synthetase could be specifically radiolabeled using benzoylbenzoyl-[alpha-32p]ctp as a photoaffinit ... | 1986 | 3015969 |
| activity of sulbactam/ampicillin in screening and discriminative animal models of infection. | the efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of mice with fatal systemic infections produced by ampicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, or proteus vulgaris strains is well established. in this paper the demonstrations of efficacy for sulbactam/ampicillin have been extended to a number of clinically relevant models, including bacteremia and meningitis produced by h. influenzae in infant rats, experimental staphylococcal endocarditis in r ... | 1986 | 3026002 |
| neutrophil function in a rat model of endotoxin-induced lung injury. | polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (pmns) are known to cross the alveolar-capillary barrier and enter the alveolus in acute adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards). the pathogenic role of pmns in both the acute lung injury and subsequent infectious susceptibility in ards is not clear. in the present study we investigated the functional status of various neutrophil populations using a chronic, endotoxemia-induced ards model. rats infused with escherichia coli endotoxin for three days deve ... | 1987 | 3028317 |
| mechanism of escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin-induced injury to isolated renal tubular cells. | alpha-hemolysin (ah) is a 110,000-dalton protein secreted extracellularly by certain escherichia coli. this protein is an acknowledged virulence factor for e coli and recently has been implicated as an important determinant in the pathogenesis of e coli pyelonephritis. recombinant engineered strains of e coli were used that varied only in their ability to secrete ah extracellularly. the effect of ah on vital dye exclusion, oxygen consumption rate (qo2) adenosine triphosphate (atp) levels, supero ... | 1987 | 3030115 |
| pathophysiology of acute renal failure following living escherichia coli injection in rats: high-energy metabolism and renal functions. | the energy metabolism of kidney and renal function were studied in rats following an iv injection of living escherichia coli. energy charge (atp + 0.5 adp/atp + adp + amp) decreased throughout the period studied. total and ouabain-sensitive na-k atpase activity of renal cortex homogenate decreased markedly at 3 hr followed by gradual recovery. polyulia was seen at 3 and 6 hr followed by oliguria at 12 hr after e. coli injection. psp excretion test showed a marked decrease throughout the time cou ... | 1987 | 3032471 |
| impairments in hepatocyte phosphoinositide metabolism in endotoxemia. | the status of phospholipid metabolism and inositol lipids-mediated transmembrane signaling in rat hepatocytes was analyzed during chronic, nonlethal endotoxemia. rats were infused intravenously (iv) with escherichia coli endotoxin (et) via subcutaneously implanted osmotic pumps at a rate of 0.1 mg/100 g bw/day. the experiments were performed after 30 hours of et or sterile saline (nacl) infusion, in hepatocytes prelabelled "in vitro" with 32p (15 microci/ml) and further stimulated with vasopress ... | 1987 | 3037237 |
| the highly conserved u small nuclear rna 3'-end formation signal is quite tolerant to mutation. | formation of the 3' end of u1 and u2 small nuclear rna (snrna) precursors is directed by a conserved sequence called the 3' box located 9 to 28 nucleotides downstream of all metazoan u1 to u4 snrna genes sequenced so far. deletion of part or all of the 3' box from human u1 and u2 genes drastically reduces 3'-end formation. to define the essential nucleotides within this box that direct 3'-end formation, we constructed a set of point mutations in the conserved residues of the human u1 3' box. the ... | 1987 | 3037343 |
| nucleotide sequence of the arg3 gene of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding ornithine carbamoyltransferase. comparison with other carbamoyltransferases. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the arg3 structural gene encoding the monomer of the trimeric ornithine carbamoyltransferase (otcase) (ec 2.1.3.3) has been determined. it consists of 338 codons with a corresponding molecular mass of 37842 da. comparing otcases from escherichia coli, yeast, aspergillus, rat and man emphasizes peculiarities of the yeast enzyme but also brings to light an important degree of conservation between these proteins. comparing the various otcases with e. coli asparta ... | 1987 | 3038540 |
| hydrolysis and synthesis of thiamin triphosphate in bacteria. | thiamin triphosphate (thtp) in early stationary phase cells of escherichia coli grown in nutrient broth with 0.1% yeast extract was found to constitute approximately 5-7% of cellular thiamin diphosphate (thdp) or around 5 nmol/g cell. nearly the same level of thtp was obtained in a bacillus strain. when e. coli was loaded with an excess of thtp or thdp, cellular thtp was found to be controlled in the course of the long term to maintain its ratio to the amount of cellular thdp. the thtp vs. thdp ... | 1987 | 3039089 |
| identification of a cdna encoding the tumor-associated aldehyde dehydrogenase of rat liver. | | 1987 | 3039521 |
| perturbation of transmembrane signaling mechanisms in acute and chronic endotoxemia. | our results reviewed here may be summarized as follows: 1. continuous endotoxemia significantly interferes with ca2+-dependent information flow in the liver. 2. the subcellular sites where these molecular lesions can be localized include: a.) the plasma membrane-there are effects at the level of alpha 1-adrenergic and vasopressin binding, and also in the coupling of receptor activation to inositol lipid metabolism in terms of pip2 degradation and resynthesis b.) the endoplasmic reticulum in term ... | 1987 | 3039527 |
| the spectrum of escherichia coli--bacteroides fragilis pathogenic synergy in an intraabdominal infection model. | pathogenic synergy between escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis was investigated in an intraabdominal infection model. defined inocula of e. coli and b. fragilis, alone or in combination, were enmeshed within a fibrin clot and surgically implanted into the peritoneal cavity of rats. a spectrum of bacterial synergy ranging from synergistic abscess formation to synergistic lethality was demonstrated using this model. the type of synergy exhibited was dependent upon the initial e. coli inoculu ... | 1988 | 3046726 |