| induction of karyopherin α1 expression by indole-3-acetic acid in auxin-treated or overproducing tobacco plants. | macromolecules may transfer between the cytoplasm and the nucleus only through specific gates - the nuclear pore complexes (npcs). translocation of nucleic acids and large proteins requires the presence of a nuclear localization signal (nls) within the transported molecule. this nls is recognized by a class of soluble transport receptors termed karyopherins α and beta. we previously characterized the expression pattern of the tomato karyopherin α 1 (lekapα1) promoter in transformed tobacco plant ... | 2011 | 21646869 |
| cloning and characterization of r3b; members of the r3 superfamily of late blight resistance genes show sequence and functional divergence. | massive resistance (r) gene stacking is considered as one of the most promising approaches to provide durable resistance to potato late blight, both for conventional and gm breeding strategies. the r3 complex locus on chromosome xi in potato is an example of natural r gene stacking, as it contains two closely linked r genes (r3a and r3b) with distinct resistance specificities to phytophthora infestans. we here report about the positional cloning of r3b. both transient and stable transformations ... | 2011 | 21649512 |
| a nac domain protein family contributing to the regulation of wood formation in poplar. | wood harvested from trees is one of the most widely utilized natural materials on our planet. recent environmental issues have prompted an increase in the demand for wood, especially as a cost-effective and renewable resource for industry and energy, so it is important to understand the process of wood formation. in the present study, we focused on poplar (populus trichocarpa) nac domain protein genes which are homologous to well-known arabidopsis transcription factors regulating the differentia ... | 2011 | 21649762 |
| a mobile signal transported over a long distance induces systemic transcriptional gene silencing in a grafted partner. | transcriptional gene silencing (tgs) can be induced by promoter-targeted small interfering rna (sirna). long-distance transmission of tgs by viral infection in plants has been reported. however, systemic tgs has not been observed in the case of using an inverted repeat transgene as the silencing trigger. here it is reported that a mobile signal, presumably the sirna, produced from a hairpin structure transgene controlled by a companion cell-specific promoter can also induce transmissible tgs in ... | 2011 | 21652532 |
| a comparative study of biodegradation of vinyl acetate by environmental strains. | four gram-negative strains, e3_2001, ec1_2004, ec3_3502 and ec2_3502, previously isolated from soil samples, were subjected to comparative studies in order to select the best vinyl acetate degrader for waste gas treatment. comparison of biochemical and physiological tests as well as the results of fatty acids analyses were comparable with the results of 16s rrna gene sequence analyses. the isolated strains were identified as pseudomonas putida ec3_2001, pseudomonas putida ec1_2004, achromobacter ... | 2011 | 21654921 |
| the role of microtubule association in plasmodesmal targeting of potato mop-top virus movement protein tgbp1. | cell-to-cell movement of potato mop-top virus (pmtv) is mediated by three virus-encoded 'triple gene block' (tgb) proteins termed tgbp1, tgbp2 and tgbp3. tgbp1 binds virus rnas to form viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vrnps), the transport form of viral genome. tgbp2 and tgbp3 are necessary for intracellular delivery of tgbp1-containing vrnps to plasmodesmata. to analyze subcellular localization and transport of tgbp1 we used a single binary vector for agrobacterium-mediated co-expression of p ... | 2011 | 21660184 |
| the development of a cisgenic apple plant. | cisgenesis represents a step toward a new generation of gm crops. the lack of selectable genes (e.g. antibiotic or herbicide resistance) in the final product and the fact that the inserted gene(s) derive from organisms sexually compatible with the target crop should rise less environmental concerns and increase consumer's acceptance. here we report the generation of a cisgenic apple plant by inserting the endogenous apple scab resistance gene hcrvf2 under the control of its own regulatory sequen ... | 2011 | 21663775 |
| development of a green fluorescent tagged strain of aspergillus carbonarius to monitor fungal colonization in grapes. | an enhanced green fluorescent protein has been used to tag an ota-producing strain of aspergillus carbonarius (w04-40) isolated from naturally infected grape berries. transformation of the fungus was mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. the most efficient transformation occurred when the co-cultivation was done with 10(4) conidia due to higher frequency of resistance colonies (894 per 10(4) conidia) and lower background obtained. to confirm the presence of the hph gene in hygromycin resistant ... | 2011 | 21663991 |
| an affinity-based genome walking method to find transgene integration loci in transgenic genome. | identifying a good transgenic event from the pool of putative transgenics is crucial for further characterization. in transgenic plants, the transgene can integrate in either single or multiple locations by disrupting the endogenes and/or in heterochromatin regions causing the positional effect. apart from this, to protect the unauthorized use of transgenic plants, the signature of transgene integration for every commercial transgenic event needs to be characterized. here we show an affinity-bas ... | 2011 | 21669178 |
| suitability of non-lethal marker and marker-free systems for development of transgenic crop plants: present status and future prospects. | genetically modified crops are one of the prudent options for enhancing the production and productivity of crop plants by safeguarding from the losses due to biotic and abiotic stresses. agrobacterium-mediated and biolistic transformation methods are used to develop transgenic crop plants in which selectable marker genes (smg) are generally deployed to identify 'true' transformants. the commonly used smg obtained from prokaryotic sources when employed in transgenic plants pose risks due to their ... | 2011 | 21672619 |
| the promoter of a plant defensin gene directs specific expression in nematode-induced syncytia in arabidopsis roots. | the beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii induces a feeding site, called syncytium, in roots of host plants. in arabidopsis, one of the genes whose expression is strongly induced in these structures is pdf2.1 which codes for an antimicrobial plant defensin. arabidopsis has 13 plant defensin genes. besides pdf2.1, the pdf2.2 and pdf2.3 genes were strongly expressed in syncytia and therefore the expression of all three pdf genes was studied in detail. the promoter of the pdf2.1 gene turned out t ... | 2011 | 21813283 |
| most mutant occr proteins that are defective in positive control hold operator dna in a locked high angle bend. | occr is a lysr-type transcriptional regulator of agrobacterium tumefaciens that positively regulates the octopine catabolism operon of the ti plasmid. positive control of the occ genes occurs in response to octopine, a nutrient released from crown gall tumors. occr also functions as an autorepressor in the presence or absence of octopine. occr binds to a site between occq and occr in the presence or absence of octopine, although octopine triggers a conformational change that shortens the dna foo ... | 2011 | 21804007 |
| choline uptake in agrobacterium tumefaciens by the high-affinity choxwv transporter. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a facultative phytopathogen that causes crown gall disease. for successful plant transformation a. tumefaciens requires the membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (pc), which is produced via the methylation and the pc synthase (pcs) pathways. the latter route is dependent on choline. although choline uptake has been demonstrated in a. tumefaciens, the responsible transporter(s) remained elusive. in this study, we identified the first choline-transport system in a. tumefa ... | 2011 | 21803998 |
| characterization of a chalcone synthase (chs) flower-specific promoter from lilium orential 'sorbonne' | the first enzyme in the flavonoid pathway, chalcone synthase, is encoded by a gene (chs) whose expression is normally under developmental control. in our previous studies, an 896-bp promoter region of a flower-specific chs gene was isolated from lilium orential 'sorbonne', and designated as plochs. here, the plochs promoter was fused to the ß-glucuronidase (gus) gene to characterize its spatial and temporal expression in petunia hybrida 'dreams midnight' using an agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc ... | 2011 | 21800100 |
| thiolactone modulators of quorum sensing revealed through library design and screening. | quorum sensing (qs) is a process by which bacteria use small molecules or peptidic signals to assess their local population densities. at sufficiently high density, bacteria can alter gene expression levels to regulate group behaviors involved in a range of important and diverse phenotypes, including virulence factor production, biofilm formation, root nodulation, and bioluminescence. gram-negative bacteria most commonly use n-acylated l-homoserine lactones (ahls) as their qs signals. the ahl la ... | 2011 | 21798746 |
| rna2 of trv sym breaks the rules for tobravirus genome structure. | currently, all of the rna2 molecules described for all of the more than thirty sequenced isolates of the three tobraviruses, tobacco rattle virus (trv), pea early-browning virus (pebv) and pepper ringspot virus (peprsv), have the virus coat protein (cp) gene located in the 5' proximal position. however, sequencing of the rna2 of the sym isolate of trv revealed that this isolate has a unique genome structure in which the virus cp gene is located in the central region of rna2 downstream of three c ... | 2011 | 21798296 |
| genomic species are ecological species as revealed by comparative genomics in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the definition of bacterial species is based on genomic similarities, giving rise to the operational concept of genomic species, but the reasons of the occurrence of differentiated genomic species remains largely unknown. we used the agrobacterium tumefaciens species complex, and particularly the genomic species presently called genomovar g8, which includes the sequenced strain c58, to test the hypothesis of genomic species having specific ecological adaptations possibly involved in the speciati ... | 2011 | 21795751 |
| a choline monooxygenase gene promoter from salicornia europaea increases expression of the beta-glucuronidase gene under abiotic stresses in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.). | a 1312 bp 5' flanking region of salicornia europaea choline monooxygenase (secmo) gene was isolated using the anchored pcr. to investigate the mechanism of regulation for this stress-induced gene, the secmo promoter-beta-glucuronidase (gus) chimeric gene constructs containing five deletions f1, f2, f3, f4 and f5 were introduced into tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. the functional properties of each promoter fragment were examined by assaying gus activity i ... | 2011 | 21793308 |
| [bioengineering of symbiotic systems: creation of new associative symbiosis with the use of lectins on the example of tobacco and colza]. | "barbate roots" in tobacco and colza transgenic on lectin gene were obtained with the use of a wild strain of agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 transformed with pcambia1305.1 plasmid containing the full-size lectin gene (psl) from the pisum sativum. influence of expression oflectin gene on colonization oftransgenic roots with symbiont of pea (rhizobium leguminosarum) was investigated. the number of adhered bacteria onto the roots transformed with lectin gene was 14-fold and 37-fold higher in compar ... | 2011 | 21790035 |
| cdna cloning and functional characterization of ethylene insensitive 3 orthologs from oncidium gower ramsey involved in flower cutting and pollinia cap dislodgement. | the cdnas encoding ethylene insensitive3 (ein3) transcription factor, ogeil1 and ogeil2 of oncidium were cloned, sequenced and characterized. the deduced amino acid sequences of ogeil1 and ogeil2 of identified cdna clones contain all structural features found in the arabidopsis ein3, such as an amino terminal acidic domain, a proline-rich region, and five basic conserved domains. complementation test for ogeil1 in arabidopsis ein3 mutant indicate that function of ogeil1 is the same as arabidopsi ... | 2011 | 21775159 |
| transgenic sugar beet tolerant to imidazolinone obtained by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | sugar beet is highly sensitive to imidazolinone herbicides thus rotational restrictions exist. in order to develop imidazolinone tolerant sugar beets als gene from arabidopsis thaliana encoding acetolactate synthase with s653n mutation was used for genetic transformation. transgenic sugar beet plants were obtained by agrobacterium-mediated transformation of aseptic seedlings using vacuum-infiltration. the efficiency of genetic transformation was 5.8%. rt-pcr analysis of obtained plants revealed ... | 2011 | 21774399 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf base derived callus tissues of popular indica rice (oryza sativa l. sub sp. indica cv. adt 43). | a simple and efficient protocol for the agrobacterium-mediated transformation of an agronomically useful abiotic sensitive popular indica rice cv. adt 43 has been developed. initiation of calli were best achieved from the leaf bases of 4 days old rice seedlings on ls medium supplemented with 2.5mg/l 2,4-d and 1.0mg/l thiamine-hcl. rice calli immersed in agrobacterium suspension (strain eha 105, od(600)=0.8) were co-cultured on ls30-aspc medium for 2 days at 25±2°c in the dark. based on gus expre ... | 2011 | 21763536 |
| agrobacterium-mediated infection of whole plants by yellow dwarf viruses. | barley yellow dwarf virus-pav (bydv-pav) and cereal yellow dwarf virus-rpv (cydv-rpv) are only transmitted between host plants by aphid vectors and not by mechanical transmission. this presents a severe limitation for the use of a reverse genetics approach to analyze the effects of mutations in these viruses on plant infection and aphid transmission. here we describe the use of agroinfection to infect plants with bydv-pav and cydv-rpv. the cdnas corresponding to the complete rna genomes of bydv- ... | 2011 | 21763366 |
| a single amino acid change in the transmembrane domain of the virb8 protein affects dimerization, interaction with virb10 and brucella suis virulence. | virb8 is a critical component of the brucella suis type iv secretion system (t4ss). we previously showed that the transmembrane (tm) domain plays an essential role in interactions of this protein with itself and the other proteins of the t4ss. we report that a point mutation in this tm domain stabilizes homodimers of virb8 and heterodimers with virb10. a similar variant of agrobacterium tumefaciens virb8 showed the same phenotype. the b. suis virb8 variant was unable to complement a virb8 mutant ... | 2011 | 21763312 |
| physical association of arabidopsis hypersensitive induced reaction proteins (hirs) with the immune receptor rps2. | arabidopsis rps2 is a typical nb-lrr resistance (r) protein, which indirectly recognizes the bacterial effector protein avrrpt2 and thereby activates effector-triggered immunity (eti). previously, we identified two hypersensitive induced reaction (athir) proteins, athir1 (at1g09840) and athir2 (at3g01290) as potential rps2 complex components. athir proteins contain the stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/hflk/c (spfh) domain (also known as the prohibitin (phb) domain or band 7 domain). in this study, ... | 2011 | 21757708 |
| suppressors of rna silencing encoded by the components of the cotton leaf curl begomovirus-betasatellite complex. | begomoviruses (family geminiviridae) are single-stranded dna viruses transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci. many economically important diseases in crops are caused by begomoviruses, particularly in tropical and subtropical environments. these include the betasatellite-associated begomoviruses causing cotton leaf curl disease (clcud) that causes significant losses to a mainstay of the economy of pakistan, cotton. rna interference (rnai) or gene silencing is a natural defense response of pla ... | 2011 | 21751853 |
| goldenbraid: an iterative cloning system for standardized assembly of reusable genetic modules. | synthetic biology requires efficient and versatile dna assembly systems to facilitate the building of new genetic modules/pathways from basic dna parts in a standardized way. here we present goldenbraid (gb), a standardized assembly system based on type iis restriction enzymes that allows the indefinite growth of reusable gene modules made of standardized dna pieces. the gb system consists of a set of four destination plasmids (pdgbs) designed to incorporate multipartite assemblies made of stand ... | 2011 | 21750718 |
| induction of telomere-mediated chromosomal truncation and stability of truncated chromosomes in arabidopsis thaliana. | minichromosomes possess functional centromeres and telomeres and thus should be stably inherited. they offer an enormous opportunity to plant biotechnology as they have the potential to simultaneously transfer and stably express multiple genes. segregating independently of host chromosomes, they provide a platform for accelerating plant breeding. following a top-down approach, we truncated endogenous chromosomes in arabidopsis thaliana by agrobacterium-mediated transfer of t-dna constructs conta ... | 2011 | 21745249 |
| biodegradation of methyl parathion and p-nitrophenol by a newly isolated agrobacterium sp. strain yw12. | strain yw12, isolated from activated sludge, could completely degrade and utilize methyl parathion as the sole carbon, phosphorus and energy sources for growth in the basic salt media. it could also completely degrade and utilize p-nitrophenol as the sole carbon and energy sources for growth in the minimal salt media. phenotypic features, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna sequence showed that this strain belongs to the genus of agrobacterium sp. ... | 2011 | 21744158 |
| type ivb secretion systems of legionella and other gram-negative bacteria. | type iv secretion systems (t4sss) play a central role in the pathogenicity of many important pathogens, including agrobacterium tumefaciens, helicobacter pylori, and legionella pneumophila. the t4sss are related to bacterial conjugation systems, and are classified into two subgroups, type iva (t4ass) and type ivb (t4bss). the t4bss, which is closely related to conjugation systems of inci plasmids, was originally found in human pathogen l. pneumophila; pathogenesis by l. pneumophila infection req ... | 2011 | 21743810 |
| influence of earli1-like genes on flowering time and lignin synthesis of arabidopsis thaliana. | earli1 encodes a 14.7ôçâkda protein in the cell wall, is a member of the prp (proline-rich protein) family and has multiple functions, including resistance to low temperature and fungal infection. rna gel blot analyses in the present work indicated that expression of earli1-like genes, earli1, at4g12470 and at4g12490, was down-regulated in col-fri-sf2 rnai plants derived from transformation with agrobacterium strain abi, which contains a construct encoding a double-strand rna targeting 8cm of ea ... | 2011 | 21815977 |
| alk, the key gene for gelatinization temperature, is a modifier gene for gel consistency in rice(f). | gelatinization temperature (gt) is an important parameter in evaluating the cooking and eating quality of rice. indeed, the phenotype, biochemistry and inheritance of gt have been widely studied in recent times. previous map-based cloning revealed that gt was controlled by alk gene, which encodes a putative soluble starch synthase ii-3. complementation vector and rnai vector were constructed and transformed into nipponbare mediated by agrobacterium. phenotypic and molecular analyses of transgeni ... | 2011 | 21711449 |
| hairy root cultures for secondary metabolites production. | hairy roots (hrs) are differentiated cultures of transformed roots generated by the infection of wounded higher plants with agrobacterium rhizogenes. this pathogen causes the hr disease leading to the neoplastic growth of roots that are characterized by high growth rate in hormone free media and genetic stability. hrs produce the same phytochemicals pattern of the corresponding wild type organ. high stability and productivity features allow the exploitation of hrs as valuable biotechnological to ... | 2011 | 21706434 |
| identification of a host 14-3-3 protein that interacts with xanthomonas effector avrrxv. | avrrxv is a member of a family of pathogen effectors present in pathogens of both plant and mammalian species. xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria strains carrying avrrxv induce a hypersensitive response (hr) in the tomato cultivar hawaii 7998. using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a 14-3-3 protein from tomato that interacts with avrrxv called avrrxv interactor 1 (ari1). the interaction was confirmed in vitro with affinity chromatography. using mutagenesis, we identified a 14-3-3-bin ... | 2008 | 21796232 |
| heterologous expression of aspen ptm3, a mads box gene in cotton. | the ptm3 gene of aspen was ectopically expressed in cotton to explore the opportunity to introduce desirable agronomic traits with the potential to improve yield and modify the duration of the parent cotton variety. sixty-seven transgenic cotton lines expressing aspen ptm3 (mads box) gene were developed. the transgenic cotton lines expressing ptm3 gene showed earliness of 4-15 days variations in flowering and maturity. the transgenic lines were confirmed by kanamycin leaf paint assay, gus assay ... | 2011 | 21723337 |
| detection of transgene in early developmental stage by gfp monitoring enhances the efficiency of genetic transformation of pepper. | in order to establish a reliable and highly efficient method for genetic transformation of pepper, a monitoring system featuring gfp (green fluorescent protein) as a report marker was applied to agrobacterium-mediated transformation. a callus-induced transformation (cit) system was used to transform the gfp gene. gfp expression was observed in all tissues of t(0), t(1) and t(2) peppers, constituting the first instance in which the whole pepper plant has exhibited gfp fluorescence. a total of 38 ... | 2011 | 21837254 |
| optimization of brassica napus (canola) explant regeneration for genetic transformation. | brassica napus (canola) is the second largest oilseed crop in the world. it is among the first crops to be genetically transformed, and genetically modified cultivars are in commercial production at very significant levels. despite the early lead with respect to transgenesis, there remain cultivars that are recalcitrant to transformation. to address this, we have conducted an elaborate investigation of the conditions for regenerating shoots from hypocotyl explants from four genetic lines: invigo ... | 2011 | 21722759 |
| development of a simple and effective protocol for agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated leaf disc transformation of commercial tomato cultivars. | the transformation of tomato (solanum lycopersicum) through agrobacterium tumefaciens is still far from being routine, particularly when it comes to commercial varieties. in the present paper, we present an efficient and simple protocol for leaf disc transformation of three vietnamese tomato cultivars (dm8, mts, fm372c) by comparing shoot regeneration media for expanding leaves and examining different parameters of inoculation, co-culture and selection conditions. the present transformation meth ... | 2010 | 21844688 |
| co-expression of pennisetum glaucum vacuolar na+/h+ antiporter and arabidopsis h+-pyrophosphatase enhances salt tolerance in transgenic tomato. | salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plant productivity. tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.), an important and widespread crop in the world, is sensitive to moderate levels of salt in the soil. to generate tomato plants that can adapt to saline soil, avp1, a vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase gene from arabidopsis thaliana, and pgnhx1, a vacuolar na(+)/h(+) antiporter gene from pennisetum glaucum, were co-expressed by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. a sample of tran ... | 2011 | 21841179 |
| quorum sensing: regulating the regulators. | many bacteria use 'quorum sensing' (qs) as a mechanism to regulate gene induction in a population-dependent manner. in its simplest sense this involves the accumulation of a signaling metabolite during growth; the binding of this metabolite to a regulator or multiple regulators activates induction or repression of gene expression. however qs regulation is seldom this simple, because other inputs are usually involved. in this review we have focussed on how those other inputs influence qs regulati ... | 2011 | 21722791 |
| histological study of organogenesis in cucumis melo l. after genetic transformation: why is it difficult to obtain transgenic plants? | melon (cucumis melo l.) is widely considered as a recalcitrant species for genetic transformation. in this study, we developed different regeneration and transformation protocols and we examined the regeneration process at different steps by histological studies. the highest regeneration rate (1.13-á-¦-á0.02 plants per explant) was obtained using cotyledon explants of the 'v+®drantais' genotype on murashige and skoog (ms) medium supplemented with 0.2-ámg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (bap) and 0.2-ámg/l ... | 2011 | 21706229 |
| over-expression of a grape stilbene synthase gene in tomato induces parthenocarpy and causes abnormal pollen development. | a novel strategy to induce parthenocarpy in tomato fruits by the induction of resveratrol biosynthesis in flower tissues was exploited. two transgenic tomato lines were considered: a higher resveratrol-producing (35ss) line, constitutively expressing a grape stilbene synthase cdna, and a lower resveratrol-producing (loxs) line, expressing stilbene synthase under a fruit-specific promoter. the expression of the stilbene synthase gene affected flavonoid metabolism in a different manner in the tran ... | 2011 | 21843947 |
| genetic diversity and phylogeny of antagonistic bacteria against phytophthora nicotianae isolated from tobacco rhizosphere. | the genetic diversity of antagonistic bacteria from the tobacco rhizosphere was examined by boxair-pcr, 16s-rflp, 16s rrna sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis methods. these studies revealed that 4.01% of the 6652 tested had some inhibitory activity against phytophthora nicotianae. boxair-pcr analysis revealed 35 distinct amplimers aligning at a 91% similarity level, reflecting a high degree of genotypic diversity among the antagonistic bacteria. a total of 25 16s-rflp patterns were iden ... | 2011 | 21686169 |
| exploitation of host polyubiquitination machinery through molecular mimicry by eukaryotic-like bacterial f-box effectors. | microbial pathogens have evolved exquisite mechanisms to interfere and intercept host biological processes, often through molecular mimicry of specific host proteins. ubiquitination is a highly conserved eukaryotic post-translational modification essential in determining protein fate, and is often hijacked by pathogenic bacteria. the conserved skp1/cul1/f-box (scf) e3 ubiquitin ligase complex plays a key role in ubiquitination of proteins in eukaryotic cells. the f-box protein component of the s ... | 2010 | 21687758 |
| improved curdlan fermentation process based on optimization of dissolved oxygen combined with ph control and metabolic characterization of agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749. | a significant problem in scale-down cultures, rarely studied for metabolic characterization and curdlan-producing agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749, is the presence of dissolved oxygen (do) gradients combined with ph control. constant do, between 5% and 75%, was maintained during batch fermentations by manipulating the agitation with pid system. fermentation, metabolic and kinetic characterization studies were conducted in a scale-down system. the curdlan yield, intracellular nucleotide levels and gl ... | 2011 | 21739265 |
| conjugative dna transfer into human cells by the virb/vird4 type iv secretion system of the bacterial pathogen bartonella henselae. | bacterial type iv secretion systems (t4ss) mediate interbacterial conjugative dna transfer and transkingdom protein transfer into eukaryotic host cells in bacterial pathogenesis. the sole bacterium known to naturally transfer dna into eukaryotic host cells via a t4ss is the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. here we demonstrate t4ss-mediated dna transfer from a human bacterial pathogen into human cells. we show that the zoonotic pathogen bartonella henselae can transfer a cryptic plasmid ... | 2011 | 21844337 |
| in vitro dual culture of polymyxa betae in agrobacterium rhizogenes transformed sugar beet hairy roots in liquid media. | abstract. polymyxa betae is a soil-borne protist and an obligate parasite of sugar beet that transmits the beet necrotic yellow vein virus. sugar beet hairy roots, transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes, were inoculated with surface-sterilized root fragments infected by p. betae. after 10ôçâwk in a liquid medium, typical structures of p. betae were observed in this in vitro system. this first in vitro culture of p. betae in liquid medium will contribute to a better understanding of this protist ... | 2011 | 21699623 |
| inhibition of microbial arsenate reduction by phosphate. | the ratio of arsenite (as(iii)) to arsenate (as(v)) in soils and natural waters is often controlled by the activity of as-transforming microorganisms. phosphate is a chemical analog to as(v) and, consequently, may competitively inhibit microbial uptake and enzymatic binding of as(v), thus preventing its reduction to the more toxic, mobile, and bioavailable form - as(iii). five as-transforming bacteria isolated either from as-treated soil columns or from as-impacted soils were used to evaluate th ... | 2011 | 21741807 |
| cloning and characterization of a verticillium wilt resistance gene from gossypium barbadense and functional analysis in arabidopsis thaliana. | verticillium wilt causes enormous loss to yield or quality in many crops. in an effort to help controlling this disease through genetic engineering, we first cloned and characterized a verticillium wilt resistance gene (gbve) from cotton (gossypium barbadense) and analyzed its function in arabidopsis thaliana. its nucleotide sequence is 3,819-ábp long, with an open reading frame of 3,387-ábp, and encoding an 1,128-aa protein precursor. sequence analysis shows that gbve produces a leucine-rich re ... | 2011 | 21739145 |
| engineering broad-spectrum resistance against rna viruses in potato. | rna silencing technology has become the tool of choice for inducing resistance against viruses in plants. a significant discovery of this technology is that double-stranded rna (dsrna), which is diced into small interfering rnas (sirnas), is a potent trigger for rna silencing. by exploiting this phenomenon in transgenic plants, it is possible to confer high level of virus resistance by specific targeting of cognate viral rna. in order to maximize the efficiency and versatility of the vector-base ... | 2011 | 21701953 |
| the replication origin of a repabc plasmid. | abstract: | 2011 | 21718544 |
| genome sequence of the curdlan-producing agrobacterium sp. strain atcc 31749. | agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749 is an industrial strain for the commercial production of curdlan, an important exopolysaccharide with food and medical applications. here we report the genome sequence of the curdlan-producing strain atcc 31749. genome sequencing is the first step toward the understanding of regulation of curdlan biosynthesis. | 2011 | 21685288 |
| over expression of rice chitinase gene in transgenic peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) improves resistance against leaf spot. | a rice chitinase-3 under enhance version of camv 35s was introduced into peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) through agrobacterium mediation. agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lb4404 was used harboring the binary vector (pb1333-en4-rcg3) containing the chitinase (chit) and hygromycin resistance (hpt) gene as selectable marker. putative transgenic shoots were regenerated and grown on ms medium supplemented with 5-ámg/l bap, 1-ámg/l kinetin, and 30-ámg/l hygromycin. elongated shoots were examined for the ... | 2011 | 21688039 |
| fve, an arabidopsis homologue of the retinoblastoma-associated protein that regulates flowering time and cold response, binds to chromatin as a large multiprotein complex. | some genetic studies indicate that plant homologues of proteins involved in chromatin modification and remodeling in other organisms may regulate plant development. previously, we described an arabidopsis mutant with altered cold-responsive gene expression (acg1) displaying a late flowering phenotype, a null allele of fve. fve is a homologue of the mammalian retinoblastoma-associated protein (rbap), one component of a histone deacetylase (hdac) complex involved in transcriptional repression, and ... | 2011 | 21710206 |
| satellite rna reduces expression of the 2b suppressor protein resulting in the attenuation of symptoms caused by cucumber mosaic virus infection. | satellite rnas (satrnas) depend on cognate helper viruses for replication, encapsidation, movement and transmission. many satrnas with different symptom modulation effects have been reported. the pathogenicity of satrnas is thought to be the result of a direct interaction among the satrna, helper viruses and host factors by unknown mechanisms. to understand the effect of satrna of cucumber mosaic virus (a severe field shandong strain, sd-cmv) on pathogenicity, and the possible involvement of hos ... | 2011 | 21722297 |
| constructions of expression vectors of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (phbv) and transient expression of transgenes in immature oil palm embryos. | polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (phbv) is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) bioplastic group with thermoplastic properties is thus high in quality and can be degradable. phbv can be produced by bacteria, but the process is not economically competitive with polymers produced from petrochemicals. to overcome this problem, research on transgenic plants has been carried out as one of the solutions to produce phbv in economically sound alternative manner. four different genes encoded with the enzym ... | 2011 | 21827784 |
| proteomics of a plant pathogen: agrobacterium tumefaciens. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is an important plant pathogen which belongs to the +¦-proteobacteria. in addition, it has served as the main tool for plant molecular genetics. here we focus on three major aspects: (i) proteomic mapping, (ii) the use of proteomics for the understanding of the response of a. tumefaciens to changes in environmental conditions and (iii) the analysis of the changes in genome expression following interaction with the host. these studies convey a global outlook on the funct ... | 2011 | 21726047 |
| expression analysis and functional characterization of apple mdvhp1 gene reveals its involvement in na(+), malate and soluble sugar accumulation. | the vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase (vhp) is a proton pump, which energizes transport across the tonoplast. the contributions of vhp to ion, organic acid and sugar storage are unclear in fruit. here we characterized the role of an apple vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase gene (mdvhp1) in na(+), malate and soluble sugar accumulation. mdvhp1 expression was consistent with vhp activities in apple fruits at most developmental stages, and highly significantly correlated with na(+) concentration during fruit ... | 2011 | 21696976 |
| functional characterization of class ii 5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from halothermothrix orenii h168 in escherichia coli and transgenic arabidopsis. | although a large number of aroa enzymes (5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase [epsps]) have been identified, cloned and tested for glyphosate resistance, only aroa variants derived from agrobacterium tumefaciens strain cp4 have been successfully used commercially. we have now used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based two-step dna synthesis (ptds) method to synthesize an aroa gene (aroa ( h. orenii )) from halothermothrix orenii h168 encoding a new epsps similar to aroa( a. tumefaciens c ... | 2011 | 21720820 |
| crystal structure of uronate dehydrogenase from agrobacterium tumefaciens. | uronate dehydrogenase from agrobacterium tumefaciens (atudh) belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and catalyzes the oxidation of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucuronic acid with nad(+) as a cofactor. we have determined the crystal structures of an apo-form of atudh, a ternary form in complex with nadh and product (substrate-soaked structure), and an inactive y136a mutant in complex with nad(+). the crystal structures suggest atudh to be a homohexamer, which has also been ... | 2011 | 21676870 |
| bimolecular-fluorescence complementation assay to monitor kinase-substrate interactions in vivo. | enzyme-substrate interactions are weak and occur only transiently and thus, a faithful analysis of these interactions typically requires elaborated biochemical methodology. the bimolecular-fluorescence complementation (bifc) assay, also referred to as split yfp assay, is a powerful and straightforward tool to test protein-protein interactions. this system is commonly used due to many advantages and especially due to its simple ease of use. bifc relies on the reconstitution of an n-terminal and c ... | 2011 | 21837571 |
| antibegomoviral activity of the agrobacterial virulence protein vire2. | mungbean yellow mosaic geminivirus (mymv) causes severe yellow mosaic disease in blackgram, mungbean, frenchbean, pigeonpea, soybean and mothbean. we attempted to induce resistance against this virus using the transcriptional activator protein gene deleted in the c-terminal activation domain (trap-ôêåad) and agrobacterium tumefaciens vire2. mymv is known to replicate in agroinoculated tobacco leaf discs. three transgenic tobacco plants which harboured a truncated mymv transcriptional activator p ... | 2011 | 21842234 |
| the tomato uv-damaged dna-binding protein-1 (ddb1) is implicated in pathogenesis-related (pr) gene expression and resistance to agrobacterium tumefaciens. | plants defend themselves against potential pathogens via the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this pamp-triggered immunity (pti) are largely unknown. in this study, we show that tomato hp1/ddb1, coding for a key component of the cul4-based ubiquitin e3 ligase complex, is required for resistance to agrobacterium tumefaciens. we found that the ddb1-deficient mutant (high pigment-1, hp1) is susceptible to nontumorigenic a. t ... | 2011 | 21726402 |
| detection of genomic changes in transgenic bt rice populations through genetic fingerprinting using amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp). | -á a highly precise molecular marker technique, amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) was used to characterize the changes in genomic structure occurred due to introduction of foreign gene and/ or due to the induced tissue culture stress during the development of various transgenic bt rice populations. the transgenic rice plants having complex to simple bt gene and selectable marker gene organizations were selected from the six insect resistant bt rice lines. our results clearly demonstr ... | 2010 | 21844690 |
| results of a 90-day safety assessment study in mice fed a glucan produced by agrobacterium sp. zx09. | salecan is a novel water-soluble glucan produced by agrobacterium sp. zx09. it has potential application as a food additive with a unique chemical composition and excellent physicochemical properties. the objective of this study was to investigate the acute and subchronic toxicity of salecan. the oral ld50 of salecan in icr mice was greater than 3000mg/kg body weight. in the subchronic study, icr mice (10/sex/group) were fed diets containing 0%, 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% of salecan (weight/weight) for ... | 2011 | 21723362 |
| micropropagation and hairy root culture of ophiorrhiza alata craib for camptothecin production. | an efficient system was developed for the in vitro micropropagation and hairy root culture of ophiorrhiza alata craib for camptothecin (cpt) production. shoot multiplication on leaf and node explants from germinated seeds of o. alata was successful on half-strength murashige and skoog medium supplemented with varying amounts of kinetin and +¦-naphthaleneacetic acid. node explants grown in vitro were successfully infected by agrobacterium rhizogenes tistr 1450 for the establishment of hairy root ... | 2011 | 21826402 |
| assessment of simple marker-free genetic transformation techniques in alfalfa. | methods to avoid the presence of selectable marker genes (smg) in transgenic plants are available but not implemented in many crop species. we assessed the efficiency of simple marker-free agrobacterium-mediated transformation techniques in alfalfa: regeneration without selection, or marker-less, and co-transformation with two vectors, one containing the smg and one containing a non-selected gene. to easily estimate the efficiency of marker-less transformation, the nptii and the gus markers were ... | 2011 | 21691741 |
| t-dna as a gene tag. | the characteristics of agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation are such that the t-dna can be used as an insertional mutagen and, by extension, a gene tag. an increasing number of mutants have been obtained as a result of t-dna insertion and the versatility of this experimental system can be exploited further to tag sequences of dna which control gene expression. while the isolation of specific mutations by t-dna tagging in the past has been fortuitous, t-dna-based vectors have the potential ... | 1991 | 21736647 |
| development and comparison of whole-cell assay systems for quorum-sensing inhibitors based on trar, lasr, and qscr. | quorum sensing (qs) is a cell density-dependent signaling system that is used by bacteria to coordinate gene expression within their population. in this study, the authors describe the development and characterization of various cell-based bioassay systems for detecting qs inhibitors based on three luxr family proteins, trar, lasr, and the recently identified qscr. three different gram-negative bacteria, escherichia coli, agrobacterium tumefaciens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, were employed as re ... | 2011 | 21841142 |
| An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration system for leaf explants of two elite aspen hybrid clones Populus alba-á+ù-áP. berolinensis and Populus davidiana-á+ù-áP. bolleana. | Transgenic technology has been successfully used for gene function analyses and trait improvement in cereal plants. However, its usage is limited in woody plants, especially in the difficult-to-transform but commercially viable hybrid poplar. In this work, an efficient regeneration and transformation system was established for the production of two hybrid aspen clones: Populus alba-á+ù-áP. berolinensis and Populus davidiana-á+ù-áP. bolleana. A plant transformation vector designed to express the ... | 2011 | 21717184 |
| moduo1, a duo1-like gene, is required for full virulence of the rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae. | duo1, a major component of the dam1 complex which has been found in two species of yeast (the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisae and the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe), is involved in mitosis-related chromosome segregation, while its relevance to pathogenicity in filamentous fungi remains unclear. this report elucidated this very fact in the case of the rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae. a gene designated moduo1 that encodes a duo1-like homolog (moduo1) was discovered in the m. o ... | 2011 | 21901484 |
| Transformation and regeneration of the holoparasitic plant Phelipanche aegyptiaca. | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Transformation and subsequent regeneration of holoparasitic plants has never been reported, in part due to challenges in developing transformation protocols, but also because regeneration of obligate parasites is difficult since their survival depends completely on successful haustorium penetration of a host and the formation of vascular connections. The recent completion of a massive transcriptome sequencing project (the Parasitic Plant Genome Project) will fuel the use o ... | 2011 | 22067615 |
| enhanced arsenic tolerance of transgenic eastern cottonwood plants expressing gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. | arsenic is a metalloid that occurs naturally at parts per million (ppm) levels in the earth's crust. natural and human activities have contributed to arsenic mobilization and increased concentration in the environment, such that world health organization guidelines for arsenic levels in drinking water are exceeded at many locations, worldwide. this translates into an increased risk of arsenic-related illnesses for millions of people. recent studies demonstrate that increasing thiol-sinks in tran ... | 2011 | 21972493 |
| [detection of the quorum sensing signals in methanogenic archaea]. | methanosaeta harundinacea 6ac displayed a cell-density dependent cell morphology transition between short rods (3 microm - 5 microm) and filaments ( >200 microm), implying a quorum sensing system in this archaeon. | 2011 | 22126075 |
| Antibacterial Activities of Ginkgo biloba L. Leaf Extracts. | The antibacterial activity of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and hexane extracts of the leaves of Himalayan gymnospermous plant Ginkgo biloba L. was assessed against five animal and plant pathogenic strains (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Erwinia chrysanthemi, and Xanthomonas phaseoli) employing disc-diffusion and broth-dilution assays. The methanol extract showed the highest activity (zone of inhibition of 15-21?mm) followed by ethanol (14-19?mm), chloroform (15 ... | 2011 | 22125471 |
| efficient embryogenic suspension culturing and rapid transformation of a range of elite genotypes of sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam.). | efficient agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was developed using embryogenic suspension cell cultures of elite sweet potato (ipomoea batatas [l.] lam.) cultivars, including ayamurasaki, sushu2, sushu9, sushu11, wanshu1, xushu18 and xushu22. embryogenic suspension cultures were established in lcp medium using embryogenic calli induced from apical or axillary buds on an induction medium containing 2 mg l(-1) 2,4-d. suspension cultures were co-cultivated with a. tumefaciens strain lb ... | 2011 | 21958713 |
| Improvement in the thermostability of D-psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens by random and site-directed mutagenesis. | The S213C, I33L, and I33L S213C variants of D-psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which were obtained by random and site-directed mutagenesis, displayed increases of 2.5, 5, and 7.5°C in the temperature for maximal enzyme activity, increases of 3.3-, 7.2-, and 29.9-fold in the half-life at 50°C, and increases of 3.1, 4.3, and 7.6°C in apparent melting temperature, respectively, compared with the wild-type enzyme. Molecular modeling suggests that the improvement in thermostability ... | 2011 | 21873475 |
| increasing the energy density of vegetative tissues by diverting carbon from starch to oil biosynthesis in transgenic arabidopsis. | increasing the energy density of biomass by engineering the accumulation of triacylglycerols (tags) in vegetative tissues is synergistic with efforts to produce biofuels by conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. typically, tag accumulates in developing seeds, and little is known about the regulatory mechanisms and control factors preventing oil biosynthesis in vegetative tissues in most plants. here, we engineered arabidopsis thaliana to ectopically overproduce the transcription factor wrinkled1 ... | 2011 | 22003502 |
| a cooperative virulence plasmid imposes a high fitness cost under conditions that induce pathogenesis. | harbouring a plasmid often imposes a fitness cost on the bacterial host. motivated by implications for public health, the majority of studies on plasmid cost are focused on elements that impart antibiotic resistance. plasmids, however, can provide a wide range of ecologically important phenotypes to their bacterial hosts-such as virulence, specialized catabolism and metal resistance. the agrobacterium tumefaciens tumour-inducing (ti) plasmid confers both the ability to infect dicotyledonous plan ... | 2011 | 22113028 |
| expression of the nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in soybean seed yields an immunogenic antigenic protein. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs), caused by the prrs virus (prrsv), is a serious disease of swine and contributes to severe worldwide economic losses in swine production. current vaccines against prrs rely on the use of an attenuated-live virus; however, these are unreliable. thus, alternative effective vaccines against prrs are needed. plant-based subunit vaccines offer viable, safe, and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional vaccines. in this study, efforts h ... | 2011 | 21971995 |
| Enhancement of rutin in Fagopyrum esculentum hairy root cultures by the Arabidopsis transcription factor AtMYB12. | Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is rich in phenolic compounds and may be useful for the treatment of metabolic syndrome in humans. To improve the production of rutin in buckwheat, we overexpressed the flavonol-specific transcription factor, AtMYB12 using Agrobacterium rhizogenes into hairy root culture systems. This induced the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase, chalcone synthase, chalco ... | 2011 | 22113884 |
| production of phytophthora infestans-resistant potato (solanum tuberosum) utilising ensifer adhaerens ov14. | based on the use of agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation commodity crop improvement through genetic engineering is the fastest adopted crop technology in the world (james 2010). however, the complexity of the agrobacterium patent landscape remains a challenge for non-patent holders who wish to generate novel varieties for a commercial purpose. the potential of non-agrobacterium strains (transbacter(™)) to modify a plant genome has previously been described. however, they are unlikel ... | 2011 | 21912851 |
| [high efficient gene knockout in verticillium dahliae]. | we developed an efficient method of gene knockout in verticillium dahliae, an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes cotton vascular wilt diseases. | 2011 | 22043791 |
| surface contact stimulates the just-in-time deployment of bacterial adhesins. | the attachment of bacteria to surfaces provides advantages such as increasing nutrient access and resistance to environmental stress. attachment begins with a reversible phase, often mediated by surface structures such as flagella and pili, followed by a transition to irreversible attachment, typically mediated by polysaccharides. here we show that the interplay between pili and flagellum rotation stimulates the rapid transition between reversible and polysaccharide-mediated irreversible attachm ... | 2012 | 22053824 |
| Overexpression of SsCHLAPXs confers protection against oxidative stress induced by high light in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. | To evaluate the physiological importance of chloroplastic ascorbate peroxidase (CHLAPX) in the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system of a euhalophyte, we cloned the CHLAPX of Suaeda salsa (SsCHLAPX) encoding stromal APX (sAPX) and thylakoid-bound APX. The stromal APX of S. salsa (Ss.sAPX) cDNA consists of 1726 nucleotides including an 1137-bp open reading frame (ORF) and encodes 378 amino acids. The thylakoid-bound APX of S. salsa (Ss.tAPX) cDNA consists of 1561 nucleotides, including ... | 2011 | 21895668 |
| Detection of protein interactions in plant using a gateway compatible bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system. | We have developed a BiFC technique to test the interaction between two proteins in vivo. This is accomplished by splitting a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) into two non-overlapping fragments. Each fragment is cloned in-frame to a gene of interest. These constructs can then be co-transformed into Nicotiana benthamiana via Agrobacterium mediated transformation, allowing the transit expression of fusion proteins. The reconstitution of YFP signal only occurs when the inquest proteins interact (1-7 ... | 2011 | 21947026 |
| Engineered tobacco and microalgae secreting the fungal laccase POXA1b reduce phenol content in olive oil mill wastewater. | Olive oil mill wastewaters (OMWs) are characterised by low pH and a high content of mono- and polyaromatic compounds that exert microbial and phytotoxic activity. The laccase cDNA of the poxA1b gene from Pleurotus ostreatus, carrying a signal peptide sequence for enzyme secretion and driven by the CaMV 35S promoter, was cloned into a plant expression vector. Nuclear genetic transformation was carried out by co-cultivation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cv Samsun NN leaves and cells of ... | 2011 | 22142729 |
| Targeted Gene Replacement in Fungal Pathogens via Agrobacterium tumefaciens- Mediated Transformation. | Genome sequence data on fungal pathogens provide the opportunity to carry out a reverse genetics approach to uncover gene function. Efficient methods for targeted genome modifications such as knockout and in locus over-expression are in high demand. Here we describe two efficient single-step cloning strategies for construction of vectors for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT). Targeted genome modifications require integration by a homologous double crossover event, which is ... | 2012 | 22183645 |
| the evolution of the gp-rbp-1 gene in globodera pallida includes multiple selective replacements. | the globodera pallida sprysec gp-rbp-1 gene encodes a secreted protein which induces effector-triggered immunity (eti) mediated by the solanum tuberosum disease resistance gene gpa2. nonetheless, it is not known how the andes orogeny, the richness in solanum species found along the cordillera or the introduction of the nematode into europe have affected the diversity of gp-rbp-1 and its recognition by gpa2. we generated a dataset of 157 highly polymorphic gp-rbp-1 sequences and identified three ... | 2011 | 22192092 |
| A guide to binary vectors and strategies for targeted genome modification in fungi using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) of fungi has become a common technique for the study of a wide variety of different fungal species over the past 12 years. The discovery that the host range of A. tumefaciens could be extended to include fungi provided an efficient transformation tool for species in which it was previously impossible to conduct molecular genetics experiments. ATMT experiments can be divided into three groups: i) Forward genetics (i.e., random mutagenesis), ... | 2011 | 21951772 |
| Production of mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by gateway technology and transgenic rice cell culture. | To establish a production platform for recombinant proteins in rice suspension cells, we first constructed a Gateway-compatible binary T-DNA destination vector. It provided a reliable and effective method for the rapid directional cloning of target genes into plant cells through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We used the approach to produce mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) in a rice suspension cell system. The promoter for the aAmy3 amylase gene, which is ... | 2011 | 22125231 |
| Evidence of Methylobacterium spp. and Hyphomicrobium sp. in azaspiracid toxin contaminated mussel tissues and assessment of the effect of azaspiracid on their growth. | A flagellar protein belonging to the genus Methylobacterium or Agrobacterium was previously observed by proteomics in azaspiracids (AZA) toxic mussels. Here, we report the isolation of two different Methylobacterium spp. (NTx1 and Tx1) from non-toxic and AZA toxic mussels, respectively, which when co-cultured with AZA exhibited significantly different growth responses - isolate Tx1 growth rate was enhanced, whereas growth of isolate NTx1 was adversely affected, compared to non-AZA supplemented c ... | 2011 | 21982824 |
| The Citrus leaf blotch virus movement protein acts as silencing suppressor. | To counteract plant antiviral defense based on RNA silencing, many viruses express proteins that inhibit this mechanism at different levels. The genome of Citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV) encodes a 227-kDa protein involved in replication, a 40-kDa movement protein (MP), and a 41-kDa coat protein (CP). To determine if any of these proteins might have RNA silencing suppressor activities, we have used Agrobacterium-mediated transient assays in the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Nicotiana ... | 2011 | 21948005 |
| Agroinoculation of Citrus tristeza virus causes systemic infection and symptoms in the presumed nonhost Nicotiana benthamiana. | Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) naturally infects only some citrus species and relatives and within these it only invades phloem tissues. Failure to agroinfect citrus plants and the lack of an experimental herbaceous host hindered development of a workable genetic system. A full-genome cDNA of CTV isolate T36 was cloned in binary plasmids and was used to agroinfiltrate Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, with or without coinfiltration with plasmids expressing different silencing-suppressor proteins. A tim ... | 2011 | 21899435 |
| Gene overexpression and gene silencing in Birch using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system. | As transient expression systems are effective methods for the functional characterization of genes, a transient gene expression and silencing system was developed for Betula platyphylla Suk (Chinese Birch). Firstly, the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) gene and its promoter were isolated from Chinese Birch. The vectors for overexpression of CCR and RNAi-based silence of CCR were constructed and transformed into Agrobacterium, respectively. Overexpression and silence of the CCR gene were respectivel ... | 2011 | 22203479 |
| Plant expressed EtMIC2 is an effective immunogen in conferring protection against chicken coccidiosis. | Coccidiosis is an economically important disease affecting poultry industry and remains one of the major problems globally. Developing a cost effective sub-unit vaccine may help mitigate loss in the industry. Here, we report expressing one of the microneme proteins, EtMIC2 from Eimeria tenella in tobacco using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. The ability of plant expressed recombinant EtMIC2 in eliciting both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were measured in the immunized b ... | 2011 | 21986219 |
| asymmetric leaves2 gene, a member of lob/as2 family of arabidopsis thaliana, causes an abaxializing leaves in transgenic cockscomb. | the leaf primordium derives from the peripheral zone of shoot apical meristem. during the formation of leaf primordia, they need to establish the proximodistal, mediolateral, and ab/adaxial axes. among these axes, the ab/adaxial axis might be the most important. asymmetric leaves2 (as2) gene is a member of as2/lateral organ boundary (lob) family of arabidopsis thaliana. in this work, we transformed 35s:as2 transgene constructs to cockscomb (celosia cristata) via agrobacterium ... | 2011 | 22143880 |
| a pair of new bac and bibac vectors that facilitate bac/bibac library construction and intact large genomic dna insert exchange. | abstract: | 2011 | 21985432 |
| Immobilization of organophosphohydrolase OpdA from Agrobacterium radiobacter by overproduction at the surface of polyester inclusions inside engineered Escherichia coli. | Organophosphorus pesticides (OP) are highly toxic and are widely used as insecticides. Bacterial organophosphohydrolases which hydrolyse a variety of OPs have been considered for the clean-up of polluted environments. This study describes the engineering of Escherichia coli towards the overproduction of the organophosphohydrolase (OpdA) from A. radiobacter at the surface of polyester inclusions. The OpdA was N-terminally fused via a designed linker region to the C-terminus of polyester inclusion ... | 2011 | 22170266 |
| temperature effects on agrobacterium phytochrome agp1. | phytochromes are widely distributed biliprotein photoreceptors with a conserved n-terminal chromophore-binding domain. most phytochromes bear a light-regulated c-terminal his kinase or his kinase-like region. we investigated the effects of light and temperature on the his kinase activity of the phytochrome agp1 from agrobacterium tumefaciens. as in earlier studies, the phosphorylation activity of the holoprotein after far-red irradiation (where the red-light absorbing pr form dominates) was stro ... | 2011 | 22043299 |