| [incidence of human herpes virus 1-4 type in saliva of 245 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients]. | to determine the incidence of human herpes virus (hhv) 1-4 type including herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), epstein-barr virus(ebv) in the saliva of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) -infected patients. | 2012 | 23173318 |
| seroepidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in northern iran. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and 2 are common infectious agents worldwide. data on prevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection are limited in asia, especially in iran. the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hsv type 1 and 2 based on age, gender, marital status, education, living area, job, symptoms and history of disease variables. | 2012 | 23113228 |
| epidemiology, clinical presentation, and antibody response to primary infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in young women. | herpes simplex virus infections type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are common, but the epidemiology of hsv disease is changing. | 2013 | 23087395 |
| incidence of alpha-herpes virus induced ocular disease in suriname. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection of the corneal stroma is the most prominent cause of scar formation impairing visual acuity and hsv keratitis is the leading cause of corneal opacity throughout the world. suriname lacked test systems for microbial causes of ocular disease, therefore a polymerase chain reaction-based herpes virus assay was introduced, enabling prompt recognition, and timely treatment, preventing progressive eye damage. the incidence and epidemiology of herpes simplex virus ty ... | 2012 | 23080500 |
| relationship between cervical disease and infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2. | persistent infection with high-risk hpv, particularly type hpv 16 and 18, is necessary in the development of cervical cancer, but apart from hpv infection, other causative factors of most cervical cancers remain unknown. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hpv 16 and hpv 18 and hsv 1 and hsv 2 in cervical samples, and to assess the role of hsvs in cervical carcinogenesis. two hundred thirty-three healthy controls and 567 cases (333 of cervicitis, 210 of cervical intraepithel ... | 2012 | 23080497 |
| epidemiological impact of a genital herpes type 2 vaccine for young females. | genital herpes, which is caused by herpes simplex virus-1 or -2 (hsv-1, -2, predominantly hsv-2) is a sexually transmitted infection (sti) that causes a chronic latent infection with outbreak episodes linked to transmission. antiviral therapies are effective in reducing viral shedding during these episodes, but are ineffective as a whole since many outbreaks are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. thus, the development of a vaccine for genital herpes is needed to control this disease. the questi ... | 2012 | 23071536 |
| serum hsv-1 and 2 igm in sexually transmitted diseases - more for screening less for diagnosis: an evaluation of clinical manifestation. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the cause of most genital herpes. now, hsv-1 has become an important cause and represents even about 30% of genital herpes in some countries. so, study related to genital herpes should consider both hsv-1 and hsv-2. | 2012 | 23055654 |
| impact of novel mutations of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 thymidine kinases on acyclovir phosphorylation activity. | the acyclic analogue of guanosine acyclovir (acv) constitutes the first-line drug for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. acv activation requires primophosphorylation by virus-encoded hsv thymidine kinase (tk). in 95% of cases, hsv resistance to acv is associated with mutations located in tk. the aim of this work was to address the question of the potential involvement of novel hsv-1 and hsv-2 tk mutations in reduced susceptibility to acv using a novel nonradioactive method, ... | 2012 | 23041200 |
| adjunctive hpv in-situ hybridization (ish) assay as an aid in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in cervical tissue specimens: an analytical and functional characterization. | the purpose of this study was to develop and analytically and functionally validate a new human papillomavirus (hpv) in-situ hybridization (ish) assay and to determine whether the use of this assay combined with hemotoxylin and eosin (h&e) staining could potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy of interpreting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) in human cervical tissue specimens. an automated hpv ish assay was developed using probes that targeted the broad spectrum of hpv genotypes most ... | 2012 | 23018222 |
| herpes genitalis without frontiers: from clinical aspects to viral identification. | genital herpes simplex virus infection is a recurrent, lifelong disease with no cure. the strongest predictor for infection is a person's number of lifetime sex partners. hsv-2 is the commonest responsible, although infections caused by hsv-1 are rapidly increasing, particularly in adolescents, women and men who have sex with men. the natural history includes first-episode of mucocutaneous infection, establishment of latency in the dorsal root ganglion, and subsequent reactivation. most infectio ... | 2012 | 23007253 |
| poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) is an entry inhibitor against both hiv-1 and hsv infections - potential as a dual functional microbicide. | genital herpes is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases (std) caused by herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2). hsv is considered as a major risk factor in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) infection and rapid progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). here, we reported the finding of a polymer of styrenesulfonic acid and maleic acid (psm) which exhibited antiviral activity with low cytotoxicity. psm exhibited in vitro inhibitory activity ag ... | 2012 | 22940611 |
| detection of human herpes viruses in patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis and relationship between viruses and clinical parameters. | recent microbiological researches have revealed the possible role of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), epstein barr virus (ebv), and herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 and hsv-2) in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases. the present pilot study has been undertaken to detect the presence of these viruses in chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, and healthy individuals and to determine the relationship between these viruses and the clinical parameters. | 2012 | 22923891 |
| structure based molecular design, synthesis and biological evaluation of α-pyrone analogs as anti-hsv agent. | several options for treating herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 are available. however, non-specific inhibition and drug resistance warrants the discovery of new anti-herpetic compounds with better therapeutic profile or different mode of action. the non-nucleoside inhibitors of hsv dna polymerase target the site that is less important for the binding of a natural nucleoside or nucleoside inhibitors. in the present study, we have explored the possibility to find a new lead molecule based on ... | 2012 | 22921079 |
| geldanamycin, a ligand of heat shock protein 90, inhibits herpes simplex virus type 2 replication both in vitro and in vivo. | previously, we discovered geldanamycin, a ligand of heat shock protein 90, effectively inhibited herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in vitro and in vivo (mouse encephalitis model). in this study, we demonstrate that geldanamycin has very strong activities against herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro and in vivo (mouse vagina model). in mouse vagina model, administration of geldanamycin suspension to vagina after virus infection protected the infected mice from death and increased the averag ... | 2012 | 22909975 |
| 2-[4,5-difluoro-2-(2-fluorobenzoylamino)-benzoylamino]benzoic acid, an antiviral compound with activity against acyclovir-resistant isolates of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) are responsible for lifelong latent infections in humans, with periods of viral reactivation associated with recurring ulcerations in the orofacial and genital tracts. in immunosuppressed patients and neonates, hsv infections are associated with severe morbidity and, in some cases, even mortality. today, acyclovir is the standard therapy for the management of hsv infections. however, the need for novel antiviral agents is apparent, since hsv isola ... | 2012 | 22908173 |
| [the blocking effects of small interfering rnas on rs-1 gene functions of herpes simplex virus type 2: new perspectives for targeted antiviral exposure]. | a new target has been revealed for therapy for herpes simplex type 2. the target is rs1 mrna whose activation is a key stage in regulating the expression of the early genes of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the targeted knockdown of the function of this gene by small interfering rnas (sirnas) has been found to result in the complete suppression of hsv-2 infection. the designed interfering rnas are able to interact with both hsv-1 and hsv-2. the findings suggest that sirnas have protective ... | 2016 | 22905421 |
| idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and persistent viral infection: lack of association in a controlled study using a quantitative assay. | it remains unclear whether idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) might ensue as the consequence of viral myocarditis, due to viral persistence in cardiomyocytes. to address this issue, we quantified the levels of enterovirus, epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2), adenovirus and parvovirus b19 genomes in endomyocardial biopsies (embs) from patients with dcm, active myocarditis and controls. | 2012 | 22901461 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 in children: reactivation of an undiagnosed latent neonatal herpes infection. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is known to cause acute retinal necrosis (arn). the availability of hsv-2-specific polymerase chain reaction tests for diagnostic analysis has greatly increased our ability to discriminate arn caused by hsv-2 from arn caused by either herpes simplex virus type 1 or varicella zoster virus (vzv). of great interest, hsv-2 appears to be the most common cause of viral arn in children and adolescents. although a few children with arn are known to have had neonatally ... | 2012 | 22889540 |
| dermal hypersensitivity reaction: a pcr-confirmed pattern of herpetic dermatitis. | herpetic dermatitis due to herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) can present with similar clinical and histopathologic features. further confounding matters, viral cytopathic changes are not always observed in biopsy specimens. therefore, use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis can play an integral role in the definitive diagnosis of herpetic dermatitis and in the distinction of hsv-1/hsv-2 from vzv. | 2012 | 22882129 |
| type-specific identification of anogenital herpes simplex virus infections by use of a commercially available nucleic acid amplification test. | herpes infections are among the most common sexually transmitted infections (sti), but diagnostic methods for genital herpes have not kept pace with the movement toward molecular testing. here, we describe an fda-approved molecular assay that identifies and types herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections for use in routine clinical settings. paired samples from anogenital lesions were tested using the bd probetec hsv q(x) (hsvq(x)) system, hsv culture and, a laboratory-developed pcr assay. family pl ... | 2012 | 22875892 |
| hsv igg antibody inhibits virus detection in csf. | before pcr testing of cerebrospinal fluid (csf), laboratory diagnosis of herpes encephalitis (hse) was based on virus isolation from brain biopsy. viral isolation from csf has limited clinical value due to low virus recovery; the cause for which has not been demonstrated. | 2012 | 22841844 |
| herpes simplex virus is equipped with rna- and protein-based mechanisms to repress expression of atrx, an effector of intrinsic immunity. | intrinsic immunity is a first-line intracellular defense against virus infection, and viruses have evolved mechanisms to counteract it. during herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, nuclear domain 10 (nd10) components localize adjacent to incoming viral genomes and generate a repressive environment for viral gene expression. here, we found that the nd10 component, alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome x-linked (atrx) protein, is predicted to be a target of hsv-1 mir-h1 and hsv-2 mir-h6. t ... | 2012 | 22787211 |
| intranasal immunization in mice with non-ionic surfactants vesicles containing hsv immunogens: a preliminary study as possible vaccine against genital herpes. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of intranasal immunization with non-ionic surfactant vesicles (nisv) containing either the secretory recombinant form of glycoprotein b (gbs) of herpes simplex virus type 1 or a related polylysine reach peptides (dtk) for induction of protective immunity against genital herpes infection in mice. nisv were prepared by lipid film hydration method. the mean diameter of vesicles was around 390 nm for dtk-containing nisv (dtk-nisv) and 320 nm ... | 2013 | 22743007 |
| anti-herpes simplex virus efficacies of 2-aminobenzamide derivatives as novel hsp90 inhibitors. | after the widespread use of the acyclic purine nucleoside analogues for therapy of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection since the 1980s, new antiviral strategies are urgently needed to counter the emergence of drug-resistant clinical isolates. in this report, we define the anti-hsv efficacies of three optimized 2-aminobenzamide derivatives in vitro and in vivo. the synthetic analogues snx-25a, snx-2112 and snx-7081, which selectively bind to the n-terminal atp pocket of heat shock protein 90 (hs ... | 2012 | 22704890 |
| future of an "asymptomatic" t-cell epitope-based therapeutic herpes simplex vaccine. | considering the limited success of the recent herpes clinical vaccine trial [1], new vaccine strategies are needed. infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 & hsv-2) in the majority of men and women are usually asymptomatic and results in lifelong viral latency in neurons of sensory ganglia (sg). however, in a minority of men and women hsv spontaneous reactivation can cause recurrent disease (i.e., symptomatic individuals). our recent findings show that t cells from symptoma ... | 2012 | 22701511 |
| evaluation of antibodies against glycoprotein d (gd) and glycoprotein g (gg) in hsv-1 infected individuals' serum samples. | glycoproteins d (gd) and g (gg) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) are virus envelope glycoproteins that are able to induce hsv-1 antibody production in infected persons. therefore, those proteins could be in interest to develop the serodiagnostic test(s) for hsv antibody detection. the aim of present study was the comparison of anti-gd and anti-gg antibodies in hsv-1 infected individuals' serum samples. | 2012 | 22696877 |
| a prospective cohort study of partner testing for herpes simplex virus and sexual behavior during pregnancy. | we investigated whether serotesting sexual partners of pregnant women for herpes simplex virus (hsv) improves adherence to safer-sex practices. | 2012 | 22693233 |
| herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus, the house guests who never leave. | human alphaherpesviruses including herpes simplex viruses (hsv-1, hsv-2) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) establish persistent latent infection in sensory neurons for the life of the host. all three viruses have the potential to reactivate causing recurrent disease. regardless of the homology between the different virus strains, the three viruses are characterized by varying pathologies. this review will highlight the differences in infection pattern, immune response, and pathogenesis associated ... | 2012 | 22691604 |
| characterization of virus strains resistant to the herpes virus helicase-primase inhibitor asp2151 (amenamevir). | asp2151 is an antiherpes agent targeting the helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1, hsv-2, and varicella-zoster virus (vzv). we characterized the asp2151-resistant hsv-1 and hsv-2 variants or mutants based on findings from sequencing analysis, growth, pathogenicity, and susceptibility testing, identifying several single base-pair substitutions resulting in amino acid changes in the helicase and primase subunit of asp2151-resistant mutants. amino acid alterations in the helicas ... | 2012 | 22687623 |
| neonatal herpes simplex virus infection following jewish ritual circumcisions that included direct orogenital suction - new york city, 2000-2011. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection commonly causes "cold sores" (hsv type 1 [hsv-1]) and genital herpes (hsv-1 or hsv type 2 [hsv-2]); hsv infection in newborns can result in death or permanent disability. during november 2000-december 2011, a total of 11 newborn males had laboratory-confirmed hsv infection in the weeks following out-of-hospital jewish ritual circumcision, investigators from the new york city department of health and mental hygiene (dohmh) learned. ten of the 11 newborns were ... | 2012 | 22672975 |
| anti-herpes virus activities of bioactive fraction and isolated pure constituent of mallotus peltatus: an ethnomedicine from andaman islands. | viral infections, particularly the infections caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv), represent one of the most serious public health concerns globally because of their devastating impact. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiviral potential of methanolic crude extract of an ethnomedicine mallotus peltatus, its active fraction and pure compound, against hsv-1 f and hsv-2 g. | 2012 | 22624581 |
| entry of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) into the distal axons of trigeminal neurons favors the onset of nonproductive, silent infection. | following productive, lytic infection in epithelia, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) establishes a lifelong latent infection in sensory neurons that is interrupted by episodes of reactivation. in order to better understand what triggers this lytic/latent decision in neurons, we set up an organotypic model based on chicken embryonic trigeminal ganglia explants (tges) in a double chamber system. adding hsv-1 to the ganglion compartment (gc) resulted in a productive infection in the explants. by ... | 2012 | 22589716 |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus infection by oligomeric stilbenoids through ros generation. | stilbenoids including resveratrol contain the basic structural unit of 1,2-diphenylethylene. naturally occurring stilbenoids have broad structural features due to oligomerization and modifications and some have demonstrated potent biological activities. in an effort to identify bioactive stilbenoids, we screened a group of dimeric and oligomeric stilbenoids against hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection. several trimeric and tetrameric derivatives showed anti-herpetic activity at single digit micromolar conc ... | 2012 | 22584350 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel antiherpetic flavonoid, 4'-phenylflavone, and its synergistic actions with acyclovir. | the development of therapeutic agents for preventing herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections has become urgently necessary because of the increasing incidence of this virus and its role as a cofactor in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection. we have evaluated the antiviral activities of a series of natural and synthetic flavonoids and found that a synthetic flavonoid, 4'-phenylflavone, showed the highest activity against acyclovir (acv)-sensitive and acv-resistant strains of h ... | 2012 | 22580497 |
| [anti alpha-herpesvirus drugs]. | therapy for infectious diseases resulting from alpha-herpesvirus infections has been dramatically improved by the development of acyclovir (acv). acv is highly specific against herpes simplex virus type 1(hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) as acv is specifically phosphorylated by the thymidine kinases (tks) of these viruses. these viral tks are important enzymes for viral replication in vivo; therefore, the growth of tk-deficient mutants is impaired. acv ... | 2012 | 22568134 |
| immunization with a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant, hf10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. | genital herpes is an intractable disease caused mainly by herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 (hsv-2), and is a major concern in public health. a previous infection with hsv type 1 (hsv-1) enhances protection against primary hsv-2 infection to some extent. in this study, we evaluated the ability of hf10, a naturally occurring replication-competent hsv-1 mutant, to protect against genital infection in mice caused by hsv-2. subcutaneous inoculation of hf10-immunized mice against lethal infection by ... | 2012 | 22557998 |
| glycoprotein g of herpes simplex virus 2 as a novel vaccine antigen for immunity to genital and neurological disease. | the envelope glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2, with the exception of glycoprotein g, elicit cross-reactive b- and t-cell responses. human vaccine trials, using the cross-reactive glycoproteins b and d, have shown no protection against genital hsv-2 infection or disease. in this study, the mature form of glycoprotein g (mgg-2) of hsv-2 was used for immunization of mice, either alone or in combination with adjuvant cpg, followed by an intravaginal challenge with a lethal d ... | 2012 | 22553328 |
| polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 3 confer natural resistance to human herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | lack of toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3) functional activity predisposes children to human herpesvirus 1 (hsv-1) encephalitis. in this study, we have investigated whether there is any link between tlr3 and adult hsv-2 infection by studying genetic variations in tlr3. the frequency of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the tlr3 gene in 239 patients with genital hsv-2 infection and 162 healthy controls, as well as the impact of these variants on tlr3 gene-expression levels, were compared. t ... | 2012 | 22552940 |
| clinical impact of hsv-1 detection in the lower respiratory tract from hospitalized adult patients. | the occurrence and clinical impact of herpes simplex virus (hsv) were evaluated in 342 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from 237 patients. hsv-1 and hsv-2 were detected in 32.1% and <1% of patients, respectively. a significant difference of hsv-1 prevalence and load was found in relation to admission to intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and mortality within 28 days; in particular, a viral load ≥10(5) copies/ml bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was significantly associated with critical feat ... | 2012 | 22548647 |
| towards a rational design of an asymptomatic clinical herpes vaccine: the old, the new, and the unknown. | the best hope of controlling the herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) pandemic is the development of an effective vaccine. however, in spite of several clinical trials, starting as early as 1920s, no vaccine has been proven sufficiently safe and efficient to warrant commercial development. in recent years, great strides in cellular and molecular immunology have stimulated creative efforts in controlling herpes infection and disease. however, before moving towards new vaccine ... | 2012 | 22548113 |
| detection of type-specific antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2: comparative analysis of a chemiluminescence immunoassay with a conventional elisa. | type-specific serologic tests for human herpes simplex virus (hsv) are critically important for sexually transmitted disease evaluation. we compared the liaison® hsv-1 and hsv-2 type specific assays relative to an established commercial elisa. the overall agreement of the chemiluminescence immunoassay versus the elisa assay was 99.6% (hsv-1) and 100% (hsv-2). the liaison® methodology has several advantages. | 2012 | 22534561 |
| comparison of the host immune response to herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 at two different mucosal sites. | a study was undertaken to compare the host immune responses to herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 infection by the ocular or genital route in mice. titers of hsv-2 from tissue samples were elevated regardless of the route of infection. the elevation in titers of hsv-2, including cell infiltration and cytokine/chemokine levels in the central nervous system relative to those found following hsv-1 infection, was correlative with inflammation. these results underscore a dichotomy between the h ... | 2012 | 22532684 |
| susceptibility of herpes simplex virus isolated from genital herpes lesions to asp2151, a novel helicase-primase inhibitor. | asp2151 (amenamevir) is a helicase-primase inhibitor against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, and varicella-zoster virus. to evaluate the anti-hsv activity of asp2151, susceptibility testing was performed on viruses isolated from patients participating in a placebo- and valacyclovir-controlled proof-of-concept phase ii study for recurrent genital herpes. a total of 156 hsv strains were isolated prior to the dosing of patients, and no preexisting variants with less susceptibility to as ... | 2012 | 22526302 |
| aptamer that binds to the gd protein of herpes simplex virus 1 and efficiently inhibits viral entry. | the ectodomain of the gd protein of herpes simplex viruses (hsvs) plays an important role in viral entry by binding to specific cellular coreceptors and mediating viral entry to the host cells. in the present study, we isolated rna aptamers (aptamer-1 and aptamer-5) that specifically bind to the gd protein of hsv-1 with high affinity and are able to discriminate the gd protein of a different virus, hsv-2. aptamer-1 efficiently interfered with the interaction between the gd protein and the hsv-1 ... | 2012 | 22514343 |
| clinical burden of herpes simplex virus disease in people with human immunodeficiency virus. | serologic studies indicate that herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 and hsv-2 infections are highly prevalent among people infected with hiv. as an ulcerative genital disease, hsv may be important to hiv transmission and hiv-comorbidity. routine clinical care of hsv in this population has not been described. | 2012 | 22504602 |
| characterization of the viral o-glycopeptidome: a novel tool of relevance for vaccine design and serodiagnosis. | viral envelope proteins mediate interactions with host cells, leading to internalization and intracellular propagation. envelope proteins are glycosylated and are known to serve important functions in masking host immunity to viral glycoproteins. however, the viral infectious cycle in cells may also lead to aberrant glycosylation that may elicit immunity. our knowledge of immunity to aberrant viral glycans and glycoproteins is limited, potentially due to technical limitations in identifying immu ... | 2012 | 22491453 |
| exposure to herpes simplex virus type 1 and cognitive impairments in individuals with schizophrenia. | latent infection with neurotropic herpes viruses, such as herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv1), has been generally considered benign in most immunocompetent individuals except for rare cases of encephalitis. however, several recent studies have shown impaired cognitive functions among individuals with schizophrenia exposed to hsv1 compared with schizophrenia patients not exposed to hsv1. such impairments are robust and are prominently observed in working memory, verbal memory, and executive funct ... | 2012 | 22490995 |
| efficacy of bidens pilosa extract against herpes simplex virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | the development of strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv) resistant to drugs has been reported among the immunocompromised patients. thus, there is a need to develop new therapeutic agents for hsv infections. we evaluated the anti-hsv activity of bidens pilosa (b. pilosa), a tropical weed, in tissue culture cells and a mouse model. b. pilosa extract showed potent virucidal activity. it inhibited plaque formation and suppressed virus yield in vero and raw 264.7 cells infected with hsv-1 and hsv-2. ... | 2012 | 22474501 |
| herpes simplex virus antigens directly activate nk cells via tlr2, thus facilitating their presentation to cd4 t lymphocytes. | nk cells infiltrate human herpetic lesions, but their role has been underexplored. hsv can stimulate innate immune responses via surface tlr2, which is expressed on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (dcs) and nk cells. in this study, uv-inactivated hsv1/2 and immunodominant hsv2 glycoprotein d peptides conjugated to the tlr2 agonist dipalmitoyl-s-glyceryl cysteine stimulated cd4 t lymphocyte ifn-γ responses within pbmcs or in coculture with monocyte-derived dcs. nk cells contributed markedly to t ... | 2012 | 22467654 |
| neonatal herpes simplex fulminant hepatitis successfully treated with acyclovir. | disseminated neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is characterized by progressive multiple organ failure and high mortality rates up to 85% for untreated neonates. it can result from infection with either hsv-1 or hsv-2. we report the first known case of disseminated neonatal herpes associated with fulminant liver failure caused by hsv-2 who survived without liver transplant. | 2012 | 24027697 |
| a miniaturized and integrated gel post platform for multiparameter pcr detection of herpes simplex viruses from raw genital swabs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is one of the most prevalent viruses, with acute and recurrent infections in humans. the current gold standard for the diagnosis of hsv is viral culture which takes 2-14 days and has low sensitivity. in contrast, dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) can be performed within 1-2 h. we here describe a multiparameter pcr assay to simultaneously detect hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna templates, together with integrated positive and negative controls, with product detect ... | 2012 | 22426784 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 is the main cause of genital herpes in women of natal, brazil. | the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in sexually active women who participated in the cervical cancer screening program in natal, brazil. | 2012 | 22424592 |
| apple pomace, a by-product from the asturian cider industry, inhibits herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in vitro replication: study of its mechanisms of action. | the anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 and anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 effects of apple pomace, a by-product from the cider-processing industry, were investigated. the mechanisms of antiviral action were assessed using a battery of experiments targeting sequential steps in the viral replication cycle. the anti-herpetic mechanisms of apple pomaces included the inhibition of virus attachment to the cell surface and the arrest of virus entry and uncoating. quercitrin and procyanidin b2 were foun ... | 2012 | 22424460 |
| national estimates of seroincidence and seroprevalence for herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among us military adults aged 18 to 29 years. | while population-based seroprevalence studies of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are widespread, seroincidence studies are largely limited to select or high-risk populations. the us military offers a potential population to derive national seroincidence rate estimates for young adults (ages 18-29). | 2012 | 22421688 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 triggers reactivation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus from latency and collaborates with hiv-1 tat. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) infection was necessary but not sufficient for kaposi's sarcoma (ks) development without other cofactors. previously, we identified that both human immunodeficiency type 1 (hiv-1) tat and herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) were important cofactors reactivating kshv from latency. here, we further investigated the potential of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) to influence kshv replication and examined the role of tat in this procedure. we demonstrated that ... | 2012 | 22347501 |
| enhancement of chemokine function as an immunomodulatory strategy employed by human herpesviruses. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 are highly prevalent human neurotropic pathogens that cause a variety of diseases, including lethal encephalitis. the relationship between hsv and the host immune system is one of the main determinants of the infection outcome. chemokines play relevant roles in antiviral response and immunopathology, but the modulation of chemokine function by hsv is not well understood. we have addressed the modulation of chemokine function mediated by hsv. by using surf ... | 2012 | 22319442 |
| immunodominant "asymptomatic" herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 protein antigens identified by probing whole-orfome microarrays with serum antibodies from seropositive asymptomatic versus symptomatic individuals. | herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 are medically significant pathogens. the development of an effective hsv vaccine remains a global public health priority. hsv-1 and hsv-2 immunodominant "asymptomatic" antigens (id-a-ags), which are strongly recognized by b and t cells from seropositive healthy asymptomatic individuals, may be critical to be included in an effective immunotherapeutic hsv vaccine. in contrast, immunodominant "symptomatic" antigens (id-s-ags) may exacerbate herpetic disease ... | 2012 | 22318137 |
| a novel multiplex real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantification of hpv16/18 and hsv1/2 in cervical cancer screening. | infection with human papillomavirus (hpv), particularly hpv16 and hpv18, is the main cause of invasive cervical cancer, although other factors such as herpes simplex virus (hsv) may act in conjunction with hpv in this context. to explore the possibility of developing a system for rapid diagnosis and clinical screening of cervical cancer, we developed a multiplex real-time pcr assay that can simultaneously detect and quantify hpv16/18 and hsv1/2. to evaluate its possibilities and practical uses, ... | 2012 | 22293505 |
| resistance to hsv-1 infection in the epithelium resides with the novel innate sensor, ifi-16. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are innate sentinels required for clearance of bacterial and fungal infections of the cornea, but their role in viral immunity is currently unknown. we report that tlr signaling is expendable in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 containment as depicted by plaque assays of knockout mice (myd88(-/-), trif(-/-) and myd88(-/-) trif(-/-) double knockout) resembling wild-type controls. to identify the key sentinel in viral recognition of the cornea, in vivo knockdown of the dna s ... | 2012 | 22236996 |
| efficacy results of a trial of a herpes simplex vaccine. | two previous studies of a herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) subunit vaccine containing glycoprotein d in hsv-discordant couples revealed 73% and 74% efficacy against genital disease in women who were negative for both hsv type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 antibodies. efficacy was not observed in men or hsv-1 seropositive women. | 2012 | 22216840 |
| recrudescent herpes labialis mimicking primary herpes labialis in pregnancy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is prevalent worldwide. herpes labialis is caused predominantly by hsv-1, and herpes vulvo-vaginitis is caused predominantly by hsv-2. hsv-2 may result in significant morbidity and mortality for infected neonates exposed during delivery. due to this fact, a large amount of literature exists for hsv-2 but data for hsv -1 is scanty. | 2010 | 22558555 |
| antiviral activity of ancient system of ayurvedic medicinal plant cissus quadrangularis l. (vitaceae). | partially purified methanolic extract of cissus quadrangularis (belonging to vitaceae member, south indian medicinal plant) have been explored for antiviral activity and their phytochemical characterisation. in vitro antiviral activity against hsv type1 and 2, and vero cells at non-cytotoxic concentration were determined. hsv1 and hsv2 showed more sensitivity against the partially purified compound. phytochemical analysis showed the presence of the steroids and terpenoids. | 2009 | 25206252 |
| prevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and associated sociodemographic variables in pregnant women attending king fahd hospital of the university. | the risk factors associated with herpes simplex virus (hsv) seropositivity in pregnant women in saudi arabia are not known. this study was aimed at identifying the sociodemographic variables associated with seroprevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in pregnant women in a saudi hospital. | 2007 | 23012136 |
| evaluation of recombinant adenovirus vaccines based on glycoprotein d and truncated ul25 against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | the high prevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infections in humans necessitates the development of a safe and effective vaccine that will need to induce vigorous t-cell responses to control the viral infection and transmission. we designed rad-gd2rad-gd2▵ul25rad-▵ul25 to investigate whether recombinant replication-defective adenoviruses vaccine could induce specific t cell responses and protect mice against intravaginal hsv-2 challenge compared with fi-hsv-2. the recombinant adenovirus-b ... | 2017 | 28378925 |
| genital herpes: insights into sexually transmitted infectious disease. | etiology, transmission and protection: herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) is a leading cause of sexually transmitted infections with recurring manifestations throughout the lifetime of infected hosts. currently no effective vaccines or prophylactics exist that provide complete protection or immunity from the virus, which is endemic throughout the world. pathology/symptomatology: primary and recurrent infections result in lesions and inflammation around the genital area and the latter accounts for ma ... | 2016 | 28357380 |
| therapeutic vaccine for genital herpes simplex virus-2 infection: findings from a randomized trial. | genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection causes recurrent lesions and frequent viral shedding. gen-003 is a candidate therapeutic vaccine containing hsv-2 gd2δtmr and icp4.2, and matrix-m2 adjuvant. | 2017 | 28329211 |
| inflammatory monocytes require type i interferon receptor signaling to activate nk cells via il-18 during a mucosal viral infection. | the requirement of type i interferon (ifn) for natural killer (nk) cell activation in response to viral infection is known, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. here, we demonstrate that type i ifn signaling in inflammatory monocytes, but not in dendritic cells (dcs) or nk cells, is essential for nk cell function in response to a mucosal herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection. mice deficient in type i ifn signaling, ifnar(-/-) and irf9(-/-) mice, had significantly lower levels of ... | 2017 | 28264883 |
| recalcitrant hypertrophic herpes genitalis in hiv-infected patient successfully treated with topical imiquimod. | herpes simplex virus type 2 is the primary cause of genital ulceration worldwide. the presence of atypical features like deep ulcerations, hypertrophic, or pseudotumoural lesions or unusual location can be a marker for co-infection with hiv. these immunocompromised patients are usually resistant to the conventional antiviral treatment. we present a case of an hiv-infected patient with hypertrophic herpes genitalis, refractory to conventional oral antiviral therapy, who was successfully treated w ... | 2017 | 28261899 |
| lambda-interferons inhibit herpes simplex virus type 2 replication in human cervical epithelial cells through activation of jak/stat pathway. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is associated with a variety of diseases, resulting in world-wide health problems. our early study showed that lambda-interferons (ifn-λs) induced by activation of the toll-like receptors 3/ retinoic acid-inducible protein i (tlr3/rig-i) signaling pathways contribute to inhibition of hsv-2 replication in the human cervical epithelial cells. however, anti-hsv-2 mechanisms and specific differences in signaling transduction by different ifn-λs in human cervical e ... | 2017 | 28250263 |
| prophylactic herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) vaccines adjuvanted with stable emulsion and toll-like receptor 9 agonist induce a robust hsv-2-specific cell-mediated immune response, protect against symptomatic disease, and reduce the latent viral reservoir. | several prophylactic vaccines targeting hsv-2 have failed in the clinic to demonstrate a sustained depression in viral shedding or protection from recurrences. although these vaccines have generated high titers of neutralizing antibodies, their induction of robust cd8 t cells has largely been unreported, even though evidence for the importance of hsv-2 antigen-specific cd8 t cells is mounting in animal models and in translational studies involving subjects with active hsv-2-specific immune respo ... | 2017 | 28228587 |
| antitumor effects of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 against colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. | the incidence of colorectal cancer (crc) is on the rise. furthermore, late-stage diagnoses and limited efficacious treatment options make crc a complex clinical challenge. therefore, a new therapeutic regimen with a completely novel therapeutic mechanism is necessary for crc. in the present study, the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 (ohsv2) in crc was assessed in vitro and in vivo. ohsv2 is an oncolytic agent derived from herpes simplex virus type 2 that encodes gra ... | 2017 | 28223815 |
| in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus-2 activity of salvia desoleana atzei & v. picci essential oil. | salvia desoleana atzei & v. picci is an indigenous species in sardinia island used in folk medicine to treat menstrual, digestive and central nervous system diseases. nowadays, it is widely cultivated for the pleasant smell of its essential oil (eo), whose antimicrobial and antifungal activities have already been screened. this study evaluated the in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) activity of s. desoleana eo, fractions and main components: linalyl acetate, alpha terpinyl acetate, and ... | 2017 | 28207861 |
| anti-hsv-2 activity of terminalia chebula retz extract and its constituents, chebulagic and chebulinic acids. | development of new and effective therapeutics for sexually transmitted herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection is important from public health perspective. with an aim to identify natural products from medicinal plants, in the present study, the potential of terminalia chebula retz was investigated for its activity against hsv-2. | 2017 | 28196487 |
| delayed temporal lobe hemorrhage after initiation of acyclovir in an immunocompetent patient with herpes simplex virus-2 encephalitis: a case report. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is the most common cause of non-epidemic, sporadic, acute focal encephalitis in the united states. inflammation of the vasculature makes them friable and susceptible to hemorrhage. massive hemorrhage, though rare, can present in a delayed fashion after initiation of acyclovir and often requires surgical intervention. we report a unique case of delayed temporal lobe hemorrhage after initiation of acyclovir in an immunocompetent patient, specifically for its presentation ... | 2017 | 28191384 |
| ex vivo 2d and 3d hsv-2 infection model using human normal vaginal epithelial cells. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infects human genital mucosa and establishes life-long latent infection. it is unmet need to establish a human cell-based microphysiological system for virus biology and anti-viral drug discovery. one of barriers is lacking of culture system of normal epithelial cells in vitro over decades. in this study, we established human normal vaginal epithelial cell (hnvec) culture using co-culture system. hnvec cells were then propagated rapidly and stably in a defined ... | 2017 | 28146426 |
| an hsv-2 trivalent vaccine is immunogenic in rhesus macaques and highly efficacious in guinea pigs. | a genital herpes vaccine is urgently needed to prevent pain and suffering, reduce the incidence of neonatal herpes, and decrease the risk of hiv acquisition and transmission that accompanies genital infection. we evaluated a trivalent hsv-2 subunit antigen vaccine administered with cpg and alum in rhesus macaques and guinea pigs. the vaccine contains glycoproteins c, d and e (gc2, gd2, ge2) to block virus entry by gd2 and immune evasion by gc2 and ge2. in rhesus macaques, the trivalent vaccine i ... | 2017 | 28103319 |
| treatment-seeking behaviour and barriers to service access for sexually transmitted diseases among men who have sex with men in china: a multicentre cross-sectional survey. | delayed or inappropriate treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (stds) increases the risk of hiv acquisition and may cause other harmful outcomes. however, studies on std treatment-seeking behaviour and correlated factors in men who have sex with men (msm) are scarce. this information is crucial for the promotion of std treatment-seeking behaviour and reduction of hiv transmission among chinese msm. | 2017 | 28095879 |
| a direct quantitative pcr-based measurement of herpes simplex virus susceptibility to antiviral drugs and neutralizing antibodies. | herpes simplex viruses (hsv) are common human pathogens that can cause painful but benign manifestations and recurrent complaints, but can also cause significant morbidity and mortality on infection of the eye or brain and with disseminated infection of an immunosuppressed patient or a neonate. hsv growth inhibition measurement by plaque or yield reduction is a key task in the development of novel antiviral compounds but the manual methods are very labour intensive. the sensitive and specific pc ... | 2017 | 28093274 |
| an interleukin 12 adjuvanted herpes simplex virus 2 dna vaccine is more protective than a glycoprotein d subunit vaccine in a high-dose murine challenge model. | vaccination is a proven intervention against human viral diseases; however, success against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) remains elusive. most hsv-2 vaccines tested in humans to date contained just one or two immunogens, such as the virion attachment receptor glycoprotein d (gd) and/or the envelope fusion protein, glycoprotein b (gb). at least three factors may have contributed to the failures of subunit-based hsv-2 vaccines. first, immune responses directed against one or two viral antigens m ... | 2017 | 28085634 |
| evaluation of herpes simplex virus type 2 serological tests for use with dried blood spots in kenya. | we evaluated 2 assays to detect antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 in dried blood spots prepared from blood specimens submitted to a reference laboratory in kenya. dried blood spots did not perform well with the kalon herpes simplex virus type 2 assay. focus herpeselect 2 was 98.8% sensitive and 98.9% specific with dried blood spots. | 2017 | 28081046 |
| reciprocal physical intimate partner violence is associated with prevalent sti/hiv among male tanzanian migrant workers: a cross-sectional study. | physical intimate partner violence (ipv) and stis, including hiv, are highly prevalent in east africa. while we have some evidence about women's experience with physical ipv, little is known about men's experience with physical ipv, particularly in sub-saharan africa. our objective was to examine, in tanzanian male migrant plantation residents, the prevalence of, and associations among, experience and enactment of physical ipv and prevalent sti/hiv. | 2017 | 28052976 |
| enrichment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) reactive mucosal t cells in the human female genital tract. | local mucosal cellular immunity is critical in providing protection from hsv-2. to characterize and quantify hsv-2-reactive mucosal t cells, lymphocytes were isolated from endocervical cytobrush and biopsy specimens from 17 hsv-2-infected women and examined ex vivo for the expression of markers associated with maturation and tissue residency and for functional t-cell responses to hsv-2. compared with their circulating counterparts, cervix-derived cd4+ and cd8+ t cells were predominantly effector ... | 2017 | 28051084 |
| evaluation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and poly(dl-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) electrospun fibers for the treatment of hsv-2 infection. | more diverse multipurpose prevention technologies are urgently needed to provide localized, topical pre-exposure prophylaxis against sexually transmitted infections (stis). in this work, we established the foundation for a multipurpose platform, in the form of polymeric electrospun fibers (efs), to physicochemically treat herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection. to initiate this study, we fabricated different formulations of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) and poly(dl-lactide-co-ε-caprolac ... | 2017 | 28024582 |
| antiviral potential and mode of action of indigofera heterantha against hsv-2 by targeting the early stages of infection. | the development of antivirals against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) has a major public health importance because of the wide spectrum of associated clinical disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations. even with the extensive use of acyclovir, issues such as emergence of drug resistant strains, poor oral bioavailability, and low effectiveness in recurrent infections have highlighted the requirement for alternate therapies. plants, which are rich in metabolites and active a ... | 2016 | 28008866 |
| role of il-32 in hiv reactivation and its link to hiv-hsv coinfection. | hsv-2 exacerbates hiv by unclear mechanisms. these studies tested the impact of hsv-2 on systemic t cell populations and hiv reservoirs. | 2016 | 28007920 |
| performance of kalon herpes simplex virus 2 assay using dried blood spots among young women in uganda. | the study evaluated the performance of the kalon hsv-2 assay on dried blood spots (dbs) of various dilutions compared with plasma from young women aged 18-24 years in uganda. we estimated the sensitivity and specificity of three dbs dilutions using plasma as the reference. all three evaluated dbs dilutions yielded low sensitivities and specificities with dbs 1:2 yielding the highest concurrence. other hsv-2 assays should be examined with regard to their utility for testing dbs. | 2016 | 28003966 |
| serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force. | genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection. vertical transmission of hsv can lead to fetal morbidity and mortality. | 2016 | 27997660 |
| effect of pritelivir compared with valacyclovir on genital hsv-2 shedding in patients with frequent recurrences: a randomized clinical trial. | current therapy of herpes infections relies on nucleoside analogues. pritelivir is a well-tolerated novel herpes simplex virus (hsv) helicase-primase inhibitor that reduced genital shedding and lesions. | 2016 | 27997653 |
| combining different types of multifunctional liposomes loaded with ammonium bicarbonate to fabricate microneedle arrays as a vaginal mucosal vaccine adjuvant-dual delivery system (vadds). | to develop effective mucosal vaccines, two types of multifunctional liposomes, the mannosylated lipid a-liposomes (mlls) with a size of 200nm and the stealth lipid a-liposomes (slls) of 50nm, both loaded with a model antigen and nh4hco3, were fabricated together into microneedles, forming the prosll/mll-constituted microneedle array (prosmma), which upon rehydration dissolved rapidly recovering the initial mlls and slls. mice vaccinated with prosmmas by vaginal mucosa patching other than convent ... | 2017 | 27986552 |
| prevalence and predictors of human immunodeficiency virus and selected sexually transmitted infections among people who inject drugs in dar es salaam, tanzania: a new focus to get to zero. | previous studies in tanzania indicated that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence among people who inject drugs (pwids) could be as high as 40%. we aim to provide data on the prevalence of hiv and sexually transmitted infection among pwids to inform national plans to get to zero. | 2017 | 27984553 |
| nk cells require antigen-specific memory cd4(+) t cells to mediate superior effector functions during hsv-2 recall responses in vitro. | natural killer (nk) cells have an important role in mounting protective innate responses against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections. however their role as effectors in adaptive immune responses against hsv-2 is unclear. here, we demonstrate that nk cells from c57bl/6 mice in an ex vivo splenocyte culture produce significantly more interferon γ (ifn-γ) upon re-exposure to hsv-2 antigens in a mouse model of genital hsv-2 immunization. we find that naïve nk cells do not require ... | 2017 | 27974365 |
| correction: tenofovir and emtricitabine-tenofovir preexposure prophylaxis for herpes simplex virus type 2. | | 2016 | 27919092 |
| decline in herpes simplex virus type 2 among non-injecting heroin and cocaine users in new york city, 2005 to 2014: prospects for avoiding a resurgence of human immunodeficiency virus. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection increases both susceptibility to and transmissibility of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and hsv-2 and hiv are often strongly associated in hiv epidemics. we assessed trends in hsv-2 prevalence among non-injecting drug users (nidus) when hiv prevalence declined from 16% to 8% among nidus in new york city. | 2017 | 27898577 |
| herpes simplex virus hepatitis in an immunocompetent host resembling hepatic pyogenic abscesses. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) hepatitis represents a rare complication of hsv infection, which can progress to acute liver failure and, in some cases, death. we describe an immunocompetent 67-year-old male who presented with one week of fever and abdominal pain. computed tomography (ct) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the abdomen showed multiple bilobar hepatic lesions, some with rim enhancement, compatible with liver abscesses. subsequent liver biopsy, however, revealed hepatocellular ... | 2016 | 27872770 |
| zika virus, hsv-2 and placenta. | | 2017 | 27868270 |
| efficient production of recombinant glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 2 in pichia pastoris and its protective efficacy against viral challenge in mice. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease and a significant public health concern. however, there are no approved vaccines available to prevent hsv-2 infection. the glycoprotein d (gd) of hsv-2 is the most important candidate antigen for vaccine development. in this study, a truncated form of gd (codons 1-340, gd1-340) was produced as a secretory protein in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the recombinant gd1-340 with a his6 tag was puri ... | 2017 | 27868164 |
| hla class i and ii alleles, heterozygosity and hla-kir interactions are associated with rates of genital hsv shedding and lesions. | variation at hla and kir loci is associated with the severity of viral infections. to assess associations of genital hsv-2 infection with human hla and kir genetic loci, we measured the frequencies of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna detection and of genital lesions in hsv-2 seropositive persons. we followed 267 hsv-2 seropositive persons who collected daily genital swabs and recorded lesions for ⩾30 days. all persons were laboratory-documented as hiv-seronegative, and all were caucasian b ... | 2016 | 27853144 |
| intravaginal practices and prevalence of sexual and reproductive tract infections among women in rural malawi. | many women engage in intravaginal practices (ivp) with a goal of improving genital hygiene and increasing sexual pleasure. intravaginal practices can disrupt the genital mucosa, and some studies have found that ivp increases risk of acquisition of hiv and bacterial vaginosis (bv). limited prior research also suggests significant associations between ivp, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hpv). | 2016 | 27835627 |
| herpes simplex virus suppressive therapy in herpes simplex virus-2/human immunodeficiency virus-1 coinfected women is associated with reduced systemic cxcl10 but not genital cytokines. | herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) may heighten immune activation and increase human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) replication, resulting in greater infectivity and faster hiv-1 disease progression. an 18-week randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 500 mg valacyclovir twice daily in 20 antiretroviral-naive women coinfected with hsv-2 and hiv-1 was conducted and hsv-2 suppression was found to significantly reduce both hsv-2 and hiv-1 viral loads both systemically and the endocervic ... | 2016 | 27832025 |
| use of injectable hormonal contraception and hsv-2 acquisition in a cohort of female sex workers in vancouver, canada. | increased risk of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) has been proposed as a possible indirect pathway through which hormonal contraceptives (specifically depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa)) may increase the risk of hiv acquisition among women. we investigated the effects of dmpa on hsv-2 acquisition among female sex workers. | 2016 | 27821613 |