| Expression and characterization of UL16 gene from duck enteritis virus. | Previous studies have indicated that the UL16 protein and its homologs from herpesvirus were conserved and played similar roles in viral DNA packaging, virion assembly, budding, and egress. However, there was no report on the UL16 gene product of duck enteritis virus (DEV). In this study, we analyzed the amino acid sequence of UL16 using bioinformatics tools and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) induced by isopropy1-ß-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The recombinant protein was produced ... | 2011 | 21861926 |
| protein x of hepatitis b virus: origin and structure similarity with the central domain of dna glycosylase. | orthohepadnavirus (mammalian hosts) and avihepadnavirus (avian hosts) constitute the family of hepadnaviridae and differ by their capability and inability for expression of protein x, respectively. origin and functions of x are unclear. the evolutionary analysis at issue of x indicates that present strains of orthohepadnavirus started to diverge about 25,000 years ago, simultaneously with the onset of avihepadnavirus diversification. these evolutionary events were preceded by a much longer perio ... | 2011 | 21850270 |
| evolution and connectivity in the world-wide migration system of the mallard: inferences from mitochondrial dna. | abstract: | 2011 | 22093799 |
| an h9n2 influenza virus vaccine prepared from a non-pathogenic isolate from a migratory duck confers protective immunity in mice against challenge with an h9n2 virus isolated from a girl in hong kong. | h9n2 influenza viruses circulate in wild birds and poultry in eurasian countries, and have been isolated from pigs and humans in china. h9n2 viruses isolated from birds, pigs and humans have been classified into three sublineages based on antigenic and genetic features. chicken antisera to h9n2 viruses of the korean sublineage reacted with viruses of different sublineages by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. a test vaccine prepared from a non-pathogenic a/duck/hokkaido/49/1998 (h9n2) strain ... | 2011 | 22123308 |
| atrophy of the brachialis muscle after a displaced clavicle fracture in an ironman triathlete: case report. | abstract: clavicle fractures are frequent injuries in athletes and midshaft clavicle fractures in particular are well-known injuries in ironman triathletes. in 2000, auzou et al. described the mechanism leading to an isolated truncular paralysis of the musculocutaneous nerve after a shoulder trauma. it is well-known that nerve palsies can lead to an atrophy of the associated muscle if they persist for months or even longer. in this case report we describe a new case of an ironman triathlete suff ... | 2011 | 21961883 |
| production and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific to cooked poultry meat. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to cooked poultry muscle proteins have been developed for the detection of poultry adulterants in cooked mammalian meat. saline (0.85% nacl) extract of heat-treated (100 °c, 15min) chicken muscle proteins was used to immunize mice for mab development. the specificity of mabs was tested against chicken antigen and protein extracts from seven other meat species (pork, beef, lamb, deer, horse, turkey and duck) by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent immunoassay ... | 1998 | 22061150 |
| in vitro inhibition of influenza virus infection by a crude extract from isatis indigotica root resulting in the prevention of viral attachment. | isatis indigotica root (iir) has been widely used as a chinese medicinal herb to treat regular seasonal influenza over the long history of traditional chinese medicinal practice. however, its inhibitory activities against influenza virus infections along with the associated mechanisms have not been investigated comprehensively. in this study, the chemical nature, mode of action and in vitro anti-influenza activities of a crude extract ( ... | 2011 | 22179315 |
| potential risk of zoonotic transmission from young swine to human: seroepidemiological and genetic characterization of hepatitis e virus in human and various animals in beijing, china. | the aim of this study was to further investigate the prevalence of infection and genotype of hepatitis e virus (hev) among different species of animals, people whose works are related to pigs and the general population in the suburb of beijing, china. serum and faecal samples were collected from 10 animal species and humans. anti-hev was detected by enzyme immunoassays (eia); hev rna was amplified by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (rt-npcr) method. pcr products were clone ... | 2011 | 21914080 |
| mitochondrial markers for the detection of four duck species and the specific identification of muscovy duck in meat mixtures using the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the qualitative detection of four duck species in meat mixtures, and a second pcr assay for the specific identification of muscovy duck, have been developed based on oligonucleotide primers targeting the 12s rrna mitochondrial gene. the specificity of both assays was tested against a wide range of animal species. the technique was applied to raw and sterilized muscular binary mixtures, with a detection limit that ranged from 0.1% to 1.0% (w/w). the sho ... | 2007 | 22061250 |
| development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) targeting the groel gene for rapid detection of riemerella anatipestifer. | riemerella anatipestifer (ra) infections cause major economic losses in the duck industry. detection of ra using conventional assays is time-consuming and laborious. in this study, a simple and rapid assay for the detection of ra was established based on the groel gene sequence of ra using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) with a set of six primers (two outer primers, two inner primers, and two loop primers). this assay was able to detect all the tested ra strains with different sero ... | 2011 | 22017034 |
| gene flow and hybridization between numerically imbalanced populations of two duck species in the falkland islands. | interspecific hybridization is common in plants and animals, particularly in waterfowl (anatidae). one factor shown to contribute to hybridization is restricted mate choice, which can occur when two species occur in sympatry but one is rare. the hubbs principle, or "desperation hypothesis," states that under such circumstances the rarer species is more likely to mate with heterospecifics. here we report interspecific hybridization between two waterfowl species that coexist in broad sympatry and ... | 2011 | 21887236 |
| metformin in equine metabolic syndrome: an enigma or a dead duck? | | 2011 | 21885304 |
| phenotypic and genetic diversity among intestinal spirochaetes (genus brachyspira) in free-living wild mallards (anas platyrhynchos) sampled in southern sweden. | brachyspira spp. are anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes that colonize vertebrates. some species cause enteric diseases in pigs, chickens and possibly in humans, whereas others display a commensual relationship with their hosts. the aims were to investigate the prevalence among colonized free-living wild mallards (anas platyrhynchos) of three enteropathogenic brachyspira spp., and to describe the biodiversity of brachyspira spp. isolates. isolates from 150 birds were screened by pcr for 3 pathogen ... | 2011 | 22036527 |
| effect of three cations on the stability and microstructure of protein aggregate from duck egg white under alkaline condition. | pidan (alkaline egg) has been consumed widely in oriental countries and lead, a toxic element, has been used traditionally to yield the desirable characteristics. for safety concerns, alternative cations can be used for the production of pidan with comparable properties to traditionally prepared pidan. turbidity measured as absorbance at 400 nm and microstructure of duck egg white proteins at ph 12 as influenced by three cations at various levels were investigated. turbidity and particle size of ... | 2011 | 21917641 |
| a molecular and antigenic survey of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolates from smallholder duck farms in central java, indonesia during 2007-2008. | indonesia is one of the countries most severely affected by h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus in terms of poultry and human health. however, there is little information on the diversity of h5n1 viruses circulating in backyard farms, where chickens and ducks often intermingle. in this study, h5n1 virus infection occurring in 96 smallholder duck farms in central java, indonesia from 2007-2008 was investigated and the molecular and antigenic characteristics of h5n1 viruses isolate ... | 2011 | 21896207 |
| eurasian tree sparrows, risk for h5n1 virus spread and human contamination through buddhist ritual: an experimental approach. | the highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus has dramatically spread throughout southeast asia since its first detection in 1997. merit release birds, such as the eurasian tree sparrow, are believed to increase one's positive karma when kissed and released during buddhist rituals. since these birds are often in close contact with both poultry and humans, we investigated their potential role in the spread of h5n1 virus. | 2011 | 22164310 |
| surveillance of marek's disease virus in migratory and sedentary birds in hokkaido, japan. | marek's disease virus serotype 1 (mdv-1) strains cause malignant lymphoma in chickens. mdv-1 has been previously reported to be widespread in white-fronted geese (anser albifrons); however, the prevalence of mdv-1 in other wild birds has not been determined. in this study, we investigated the prevalence of mdv-1 in various wild birds in hokkaido, japan. the mdv-1 genome was widespread in geese and ducks, but was not detected in other birds. mdv-1 was detected in both sedentary and migratory spec ... | 2011 | 21908212 |
| identification and complete genome sequencing of paramyxoviruses in mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos) using random access amplification and next generation sequencing technologies. | during a wildlife screening program for avian influenza a viruses (aiv) and avian paramyxoviruses (apmv) in belgium, we isolated two hemagglutinating agents from pools of cloacal swabs of wild mallards (anas platyrhynchos) caught in a single sampling site at two different times. aiv and apmv1 were excluded using hemagglutination inhibition (hi) testing and specific real-time rt-pcr tests. | 2011 | 21978491 |
| characterisation of a highly pathogenic h5n1 clade 2.3.2 influenza virus isolated from swans in shanghai, china. | in spring 2009, one strain of h5n1 clade 2.3.2 virus was isolated from wild swans in shanghai, indicating the importance of the wild swan in the ecology of this highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) in eastern china. pathogenicity experiments conducted in this study indicated that the virus was highly pathogenic for chickens but lowly pathogenic for mammalian hosts, as evidenced by reduced infection of mice. the analysis of complete genome sequences and genetic evolution showed that a/ ... | 2011 | 21904849 |
| avian influenza: public health and food safety concerns. | avian influenza (ai) is a disease or asymptomatic infection caused by influenzavirus a. ai viruses are species specific and rarely cross the species barrier. however, subtypes h5, h7, and h9 have caused sporadic infections in humans, mostly as a result of direct contact with infected birds. h5n1 high pathogenicity avian influenza (hpai) virus causes a rapid onset of severe viral pneumonia and is highly fatal (60% mortality). outbreaks of ai could have a severe economic and social impact on the p ... | 2011 | 22129374 |
| effects of hen production cycle and egg weight on egg quality and composition, hatchability, duckling quality, and first-week body weight in pekin ducks. | this study was conducted to determine the effect of hen production cycle (hpc) and the effect of egg weight (ew) at the same egg production level on egg quality, egg composition, hatchability, duckling quality, and first-week bw in pekin ducks. for hpc, hatching eggs were obtained from different pekin-duck breeder flocks, aged 31 wk for the first production cycle (hpc1) and 78 wk for the second production cycle (hpc2). for ew, there were 3 categories: heavy (h), medium (m), and light (l). ten eg ... | 2011 | 22010253 |
| does your model weigh the same as a duck? | computer-aided drug design is a mature field by some measures, and it has produced notable successes that underpin the study of interactions between small molecules and living systems. however, unlike a truly mature field, fallacies of logic lie at the heart of the arguments in support of major lines of research on methodology and validation thereof. two particularly pernicious ones are cum hoc ergo propter hoc (with this, therefore because of this) and confirmation bias (seeking evidence that i ... | 2011 | 22187141 |
| identification and immunological characteristics of chaperonin groel in riemerella anatipestifer. | riemerella anatipestifer (ra) infections cause major economic losses in the duck industry. in this study, an immunogenic protein, chaperonin groel (groel), was identified from the outer membrane of ra strain wj4 by immunoproteomic assay based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. the complete sequence of the encoding gene, chaperonin groel (groel) was amplified and determined to be 1,629 base pairs in length. groel was then cloned into expression vector ... | 2011 | 22038245 |
| proteomic profile evolution during steatosis development in ducks. | we investigated a protein profile evolution during steatosis in ducks using 2-dimensional electrophoresis gels to better understand the mechanisms underlying liver steatosis at the level of hepatic proteins in waterfowl. two-dimensional electrophoresis gels were performed in the liver at different stages of steatosis in the duck. mule ducks were slaughtered after 0, 14, or 23 meals of overfeeding, according to commercial conditions. thirty-one proteic spots were differentially expressed between ... | 2012 | 22184436 |
| multilocus coalescent analysis of haemoglobin differentiation between low- and high-altitude populations of crested ducks (lophonetta specularioides). | hypoxia is a key factor determining survival, and haemoglobins are targets of selection in species native to high-altitude regions. we studied population genetic structure and evaluated evidence for local adaptation in the crested duck (lophonetta specularioides). differentiation, gene flow and time since divergence between highland and lowland populations were assessed for three haemoglobin genes (α(a) , α(d) , β(a) ) and compared to seven reference loci (six autosomal introns and mtdna). four ... | 2011 | 22151704 |
| surveillance and isolation of hpai h5n1 from wild mandarin ducks (aix galericulata). | highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 virus circulates among a variety of free-ranging wild birds and continually poses a threat to animal and human health. during the winter of 2010-2011, we surveyed korean wild bird habitats. from 728 fresh fecal samples, 14 hpai h5n1 viruses were identified. the isolates phylogenetically clustered with other recently isolated clade 2.3.2 hpai h5n1 viruses isolated from wild birds in mongolia. all hpai-positive fecal samples were analyzed by dna barcod ... | 2011 | 22102673 |
| influenza-a viruses in ducks in northwestern minnesota: fine scale spatial and temporal variation in prevalence and subtype diversity. | waterfowl from northwestern minnesota were sampled by cloacal swabbing for avian influenza virus (aiv) from july-october in 2007 and 2008. aiv was detected in 222 (9.1%) of 2,441 ducks in 2007 and in 438 (17.9%) of 2,452 ducks in 2008. prevalence of aiv peaked in late summer. we detected 27 aiv subtypes during 2007 and 31 during 2008. ten hemagglutinin (ha) subtypes were detected each year (i.e., h1, 3-8, and 10-12 during 2007; h1-8, 10 and 11 during 2008). all neuraminidase (na) subtypes were d ... | 2011 | 21931636 |
| contribution of blastoderm cells to japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-peking duck (anas platyrhynchos) chimeras. | the purpose of this study was to produce quail-duck chimeras by transferring stage x blastoderm cells and to detect the distribution of donor cells in heterogeneous embryos using pcr. four experimental groups were made by transferring different amounts of quail blastoderm cells into duck recipients. in early embryonic stages, donor cells labeled with pkh26 fluorescent dye were observed in the head, neural tube and gonads by fluorescent microscopy. a total of 194 duck recipient embryos were injec ... | 2011 | 22111627 |
| development and characterization of microsatellite markers for the lizardfish known as the bombay duck, harpadon nehereus (synodontidae). | the bombay duck, or bummalo (harpadon nehereus), is a lizardfish native to the arabian sea, but also common in the china sea. it is normally dried and salted before consumption and export. to provide molecular information on this economically important fish species, we developed and characterized microsatellite markers. ninety positive clones from the (ca)(15)-enriched genomic library were sequenced; 62 sequences contained sufficient repeat motifs (di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide). twenty-eight p ... | 2011 | 21863564 |
| interspecies transmission and limited persistence of low pathogenic avian influenza genomes among alaska dabbling ducks. | the reassortment and geographic distribution of low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) virus genes are well documented, but little is known about the persistence of intact lpai genomes among species and locations. to examine persistence of entire lpai genome constellations in alaska, we calculated the genetic identities among 161 full-genome lpai viruses isolated across 4 years from five species of duck: northern pintail (anas acuta), mallard (anas platyrhynchos), american green-winged teal (anas ... | 2011 | 21964597 |
| exchange of newcastle disease viruses in korea: the relatedness of isolates between wild birds, live bird markets, poultry farms and neighboring countries. | newcastle disease virus (ndv) has a worldwide distribution and is often carried by wild ducks, which may represent one of the natural reservoirs. however, the epidemiological relatedness of ndv between wild ducks and domestic poultry is unclear. a total of 14 isolates were obtained from 8439 samples from live bird markets (lbms) and wild bird populations in korea during from 2007 to 2010. these isolates were characterized genetically and phylogenetic analysis was conducted to investigate the rel ... | 2011 | 22197764 |
| comparison of two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of influenza a virus antibodies. | serologic tools for influenza a virus (fluav) antibody testing of wild birds are currently limited. in the present study, 2 commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of fluav antibodies, the idexx ai multis-screen ab test and the id vet id screen influenza a antibody competition, were compared. sera obtained from mallards (anas platyrhynchos), experimentally infected with 8 fluav subtypes (n = 48), and field serum samples, collected from 11 wild bird species (n = 247), ... | 2011 | 21908267 |
| genetic relationship of h3 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from domestic ducks and wild birds in korea and their pathogenic potential in chickens and ducks. | the h3 subtype avian influenza virus (aiv) is one of the most frequently isolated subtypes in domestic ducks, live poultry markets, and wild birds in korea. in 2002-2009, a total of 45 h3 subtype aivs were isolated from the feces of clinically normal domestic ducks (n=28) and wild birds (n=17). the most prevalent subtypes in domestic ducks were h3n2 (35.7%), h3n6 (35.7%), h3n8 (25.0%), and h3n1 (3.6%, novel subtype in domestic duck in korea). in contrast, h3n8 (70.6%) is the most prevalent subty ... | 2011 | 21955449 |
| morphological features of the nasal blood fluke trichobilharzia regenti (schistosomatidae, digenea) from naturally infected hosts. | the first author detected the nasal bird schistosome trichobilharzia regenti in iceland in anas platyrhynchos in landmannalaugar in autumn of 2003. since then, measurements and morphological studies have been performed on fresh worms (fragments) obtained in the area from naturally infected ducks, a. platyrhynchos and aythya marila. in the present study, we compare our findings to the original description of t. regenti by horák et al. (parasite 5:349-357, 1998) that relies upon worms obtained by ... | 2011 | 22146993 |
| Chicken interferon alpha pretreatment reduces virus replication of pandemic H1N1 and H5N9 avian influenza viruses in lung cell cultures from different avian species. | Type I interferons, including interferon alpha (IFN-a), represent one of the first lines of innate immune defense against influenza virus infection. Following natural infection of chickens with avian influenza virus (AIV), transcription of IFN-a is quickly up regulated along with multiple other immune-related genes. Chicken IFN-a up regulates a number of important anti-viral response genes and has been demonstrated to be an important cytokine to establish anti-viral immunity. However, the mechan ... | 2011 | 21939525 |
| Waterfowl abundance does not predict the dominant avian source of beach Escherichia coli. | The horizontal, fluorophore enhanced, rep-PCR (HFERP) DNA fingerprinting technique was used to identify potential sources of in water, nearshore sand, and sediment at two beaches in the Duluth-Superior Harbor, near Duluth, MN, and Superior, WI, during May, July, and September 2006. An animal or environmental source could be identified for 35, 29, and 30% of strains in water, sand, and sediments, respectively. Waterfowl, including Canada geese, ring-billed gulls, and mallard ducks, were the lar ... | 2011 | 22031576 |
| Molecular detection of novel picornaviruses in chickens and turkeys. | Fecal specimens, including swabs and litter extracts, collected from chickens, domestic ducks, turkeys, and Canadian geese were tested using degenerate primers targeting regions encoding for conserved amino acid motifs (YGDD and DY(T/S)(R/K/G)WDST) in calicivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Similar motifs are also present in other RNA viruses. Two fecal specimens and 18 litter extracts collected from chickens and turkeys yielded RT-PCR products. BLAST search and phylogenetic analysis revealed ... | 2011 | 22160827 |
| Rapid detection of newly isolated Tembusu-related Flavivirus by reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: From April 2010 to January 2011, a severe new viral disease had devastated most duck-farming regions in China. This disease affected not only laying ducks but also meat ducks, causing huge economic losses for the poultry industry. The objective of this study is to develop a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the detection of the new virus related to Tembusu-related Flavivirus. RESULTS: The RT-LAMP assay is very simple ... | 2011 | 22185513 |
| Community composition of aquatic birds in lakes of Bangalore, India. | Observations were made on the occurrence, abundance, richness, and diversity of waterbirds in 15 major lakes in Bangalore city during 2008 - 2009. During the study period 35 species of aquatic birds were recorded. The number of aquatic bird species recorded at various lakes ranged from 23 to 35. The percent abundance of waterbirds recorded in the study lakes ranged from 2.46 to 21.49 and itwas significantly different (p < 0.05). The diversity and species evenness of waterbirds in the lakes range ... | 2011 | 21888236 |
| The SNP Genotypes of Growth Hormone Gene Associated with Reproductive Traits in Tsaiya Ducks. | Our previous cDNA microarray study showed that the growth hormone (GH) gene may involve in the duck egg formation process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between GH genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and reproductive traits of Tsaiya ducks. Primer pairs for the coding region in the GH were designed based on the duck genomic sequence. Polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand polymorphism (SSCP) and were verified b ... | 2011 | 22023026 |
| Genetic characterization of low pathogenic H5N1 and co-circulating avian influenza viruses in wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in Belgium, 2008. | As part of a long-term wild bird monitoring programme, five different low pathogenic (LP) avian influenza viruses (AIVs) were isolated from wild mallards (subtypes H1N1, H4N6, H5N1, H5N3, and H10N7). A LP H5N1 and two co-circulating (same location, same time period) viruses were selected for full genome sequencing. An H1N1 (A/Anas platyrhynchos/Belgium/09-762/2008) and an H5N1 virus (A/Anas platyrhynchos/Belgium/09-762-P1/2008) were isolated on the same day in November 2008, then an H5N3 virus ( ... | 2011 | 22107096 |
| Variation in sequence and expression of the avian FTO, and association with glucose metabolism, body weight, fatness and body composition in chickens. | Objective:The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), a crucial gene that affects human obesity and metabolism, has been widely studied in mammals but remains poorly characterized in birds. We aimed to identify variant FTO transcripts in domestic avian species, and to characterize the expression and biological functions of FTO in chickens.Methods:Variant FTO transcripts and their expression in birds were investigated using RACE and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR technology. ... | 2011 | 22105519 |
| Controlling toxic cyanobacteria: Effects of dredging and phosphorus-binding clay on cyanobacteria and microcystins. | Sediment dredging and Phoslock(®) addition were applied individually and in combination in an enclosure experiment in a Dutch hypertrophic urban pond. These measures were applied to control eutrophication and reduce the risk of exposure to cyanobacterial toxins. Over the 58 days course of the experiment, cyanobacteria (predominantly Microcystis aeruginosa) gradually decreased until they dropped below the level of detection in the combined treated enclosures, they were reduced in dredged enclosur ... | 2011 | 22137447 |
| roles of the envelope proteins in the amplification of covalently closed circular dna and completion of synthesis of the plus-strand dna in hepatitis b virus. | covalently closed circular dna (cccdna), the nuclear form of hepatitis b virus (hbv), is synthesized by repair of the relaxed circular (rc) dna genome. initially, cccdna is derived from rc dna from the infecting virion, but additional copies of cccdna are derived from newly synthesized rc dna molecules in a process termed intracellular amplification. it has been shown that the large viral envelope protein limits the intracellular amplification of cccdna for duck hepatitis b virus. the role of th ... | 2011 | 21900164 |
| an actin gene-related polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test for identification of chicken in meat mixtures. | using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna extracted from muscle, a single pair of oligonucleotide primers can yield amplification products from several members of the actin multigene family simultaneously. these multiple pcr products form species-specific "fingerprints" on gel electrophoresis which may be useful for meat authentication. however, for analysis of meat mixtures, the presence of a single band unique to a species would have many advantages over a multi-component fingerprint. ... | 1999 | 22063464 |
| rapid method for determining water-holding capacity in meat using video image analysis and simple formulae. | to accelerate measurement of the water-holding capacity (whc) of meat by the press method, video image analysis (via) and formulae were investigated. the areas of meat and meat liquid on filter paper were little affected by changes in the operating conditions of the via system. via is associated with greater repeatability, less variation due to operators and was less time consuming than planimetry. when via was applied to a variety of fresh meats (beef, pork, chicken and duck meat), it was possi ... | 1996 | 22060304 |
| [community composition, seasonal dynamics and interspecific correlation of waterbirds in the qiantangjiang river estuary and hangzhou bay]. | waterbird surveys were conducted regularly in the qiantangjiang river estuary and hangzhou bay from july 2007 to november 2011. a total of 128 species (nine orders and 18 families) were recorded, including 119 migrants which accounted for 93% of the total species; eleven species were listed as national protected species. inter-specific correlation analysis for 13 shorebird populations and nine duck populations recorded over time found that 21 pairs of shorebirds and 23 pairs of ducks were correl ... | 2011 | 22184022 |
| avian influenza surveillance with fta cards: field methods, biosafety, and transportation issues solved. | avian influenza viruses (aivs) infect many mammals, including humans(1). these aivs are diverse in their natural hosts, harboring almost all possible viral subtypes(2). human pandemics of flu originally stem from aivs(3). many fatal human cases during the h5n1 outbreaks in recent years were reported. lately, a new aiv related strain swept through the human population, causing the 'swine flu epidemic'(4). although human trading and transportation activity seems to be responsible for the spread of ... | 2011 | 21847074 |
| detection and characterization of a distinct bornavirus lineage from healthy canada geese (branta canadensis). | avian bornaviruses (abv), identified in 2008, infect captive parrots and macaws worldwide. the natural reservoirs of these viruses are unknown. reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) was used to screen oropharyngeal/cloacal swab and brain samples from wild canada geese (branta canadensis) for abv. approximately 2.9% of swab samples were positive for bornavirus sequences. fifty-two percent of brain samples from 2 urban flocks also tested positive, and brain isolates were cultured in duck embryo fibro ... | 2011 | 21900161 |
| Identification by Proteomic Analysis of Early Post-mortem Markers Involved in the Variability in Fat Loss during Cooking of Mule Duck "Foie Gras". | Fat loss during cooking of duck "foie gras" is the main quality issue for both processors and consumers. Despite the efforts of the processing industry to control fat loss, the variability of fatty liver cooking yield remains high and uncontrolled. To better understand the biological basis of this phenomenon, a proteomic study was conducted. To analyze the protein fraction soluble at low ionic strength (LIS), we used bidimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry for the identification of s ... | 2011 | 21999348 |
| Isolation and characterization of H6N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses from Ducks in Hanoi, Vietnam. | We report the genetic characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses isolated from domestic ducks in northern Vietnam in 2009. In total, 22 influenza A viruses consisting of 21 H6N1 subtypes and one H9N2 subtype were isolated from 1488 ducks collected in February, March, and April 2009, accounting the overall virus isolation rate for 1.5%. No H5N1 strain was isolated in this study. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the eight genes of the H6N1 and H9N2 subtypes analyzed ... | 2011 | 22108585 |
| Newcastle disease: a review of field recognition and current methods of laboratory detection. | Newcastle disease (ND) remains a constant threat to the poultry industry and is a limiting disease for poultry producers worldwide. The variety of clinical presentations and the emergence and spread of new genetic variants make recognition and diagnosis challenging. The current review details the pertinent features of the clinicopathologic disease in the main susceptible species, including chicken, turkey, duck, goose, pigeon, and other birds such as cormorants, psittacines, and canaries. Furthe ... | 2011 | 21908305 |
| analysis of the complete genome of tembusu virus, a flavivirus isolated from ducks in china. | during investigations into the outbreak of duck viral infection in 2010 in china, with a severe drop in egg production, a flavivirus was isolated from the affected ducks. it was characterized as a tembusu virus (tmuv). in this study, we obtained a complete genome sequence of tembusu virus using rt-pcr and race techniques. tmuv genome is a singled-stranded rna, with 10 990 nucleotides in length, and contains a single open reading frame (3410 amino acids) encoding 11 viral proteins with 5'and 3'no ... | 2011 | 22103739 |
| listening to "flying ducks": individual differences in sentence-picture verification investigated with erps. | the present erp study investigated individual differences in the integration of verbal descriptions and visual object representations. participants saw pictures of objects (e.g., a swimming duck) after listening to noun phrases describing the same object in the identical state, a shape-mismatching state ("flying duck"), or an incongruent object (e.g., "sliced bread"). individual differences in the vividness of mental imagery and preference for mental imagery were assessed after the experiment. e ... | 2011 | 22176030 |
| influence of body condition on influenza a virus infection in mallard ducks: experimental infection data. | migrating waterfowl are implicated in the global spread of influenza a viruses (iavs), and mallards (anas platyrhynchos) are considered a particularly important iav reservoir. prevalence of iav infection in waterfowl peaks during autumn pre-migration staging and then declines as birds reach wintering areas. migration is energetically costly and birds often experience declines in body condition that may suppress immune function. we assessed how body condition affects susceptibility to infection, ... | 2011 | 21857940 |
| Production of Chicken Progeny (Gallus gallus domesticus) from Interspecies Germline Chimeric Duck (Anas domesticus) by Primordial Germ Cell Transfer. | The present study aimed to investigate the differentiation of chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) primordial germ cells (PGCs) in duck (Anas domesticus) gonads. Chimeric ducks were produced by transferring chicken PGCs into duck embryos. Transfer of 200 and 400 PGCs resulted in the detection of a total number of 63.0 ± 54.3 and 116.8 ± 47.1 chicken PGCs in the gonads of 7-day old duck embryos, respectively. The chimeric rate of ducks prior to hatching was 52.9% and 90.9%, respectively. Chicken ge ... | 2011 | 22190706 |
| [Peculiarities of secondary structure of serum albumin of some representatives of the animal kingdom]. | Methods of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) are suitable techniques for detection of proteins structural changes. These methods were used for determinating peculiarities of the secondary structure of serum albumins in some representatives of two classes of reptiles: Horsfield's tortoise (Testudo horsfieldi), water snake (Natrix tessellata) and grass snake (Natrix natrix) and birds: domestic goose (Anser anser), domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus), domestic duck (Anas platy ... | 2011 | 21888056 |
| postmortem role of calpains in pekin duck skeletal muscles. | backgroud: it is generally agreed that calpains are involved in postmortem proteolysis of skeletal muscle and improve meat tenderness. however, little information regarding the postmortem role of calpains in duck skeletal muscle is known. therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of calpains in pekin duck postmortem breast muscles (bm) and leg and thigh muscles (lm) muscles at 5 °c. results: the postmortem ph was lower (p < 0.05) in bm than in lm. western blots indicated that ... | 2011 | 22161503 |
| Wave energy technology in China. | This paper traces the research stages of China's study of wave energy technology, summarizing the findings and deficiencies of each stage from oscillating water column, through onshore oscillating buoy to floating Duck. It also highlights the major innovations in China's new floating Duck device. | 2012 | 22184672 |
| experimental infection with low and high pathogenicity h7n3 chilean avian influenza viruses in chiloe wigeon (anas sibilatrix) and cinnamon teal (anas cyanoptera). | two different wild duck species common in chile and neighboring countries, chiloe wigeon (anas sibilatrix) and cinnamon teal (anas cyanoptera), were intranasally inoculated with 10(6) mean embryo infective dose (eid50) of the h7n3 low pathogenicity (lp) avian influenza virus (aiv) (a/chicken/chile/176822/02) or high pathogenicity (hp) aiv (a/chicken/chile/ 184240-1/02), in order to study the infectivity and pathobiology of these viruses. none of the virus-inoculated ducks had clinical signs or d ... | 2011 | 22017047 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction assay for species identification of goose and mule duck in foie gras products. | polymerase chain reaction amplification of a conserved region of the a-actin gene has been used for the specific identification of goose (anser anser) and mule duck (anas platyrhynchos×cairina moschata) foie gras. universal primers were used for the amplification of a dna fragment containing three introns and four exons of the a-actin gene in goose and mule duck. sequence analysis of the amplified fragments was necessary for the design of forward species-specific primers in the goose and mule du ... | 2003 | 22063768 |
| Monitoring of wild birds for Newcastle disease virus in north Queensland, Australia. | Wild aquatic birds (WABs) are considered as reservoir hosts for Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) and may act as vectors for transferring these viruses to poultry, causing outbreaks of disease. A 3-year epidemiological study was conducted on WABs of north Queensland from April 2007 to March 2010. Swab and fresh moist faecal samples of WABs were screened to detect Newcastle disease viral (NDV) RNA by one-step real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) in multiplex primers, ... | 2012 | 21945812 |
| Avian coronavirus in wild aquatic birds. | We detected a high prevalence (12.5%) of novel avian coronaviruses in aquatic wild birds. Phylogenetic analyses of these coronaviruses suggest that there is a diversity of gammacoronaviruses and deltacoronaviruses circulating in birds. Gammacoronaviruses were found predominantly in Anseriformes birds, whereas deltacoronaviruses could be detected in Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes, and Anseriformes birds in this study. We observed that there are frequent interspecies transmissions of gammacoronavir ... | 2011 | 21957308 |
| Genetic Markers for Rapid PCR-Based Identification of Gull, Canada Goose, Duck, and Chicken Fecal Contamination in Water. | Avian feces contaminate waterways but contribute fewer human pathogens than human sources. Rapid identification and quantification of avian contamination would therefore be useful to prevent overestimation of human health risk. We used subtractive hybridization of PCR-amplified gull fecal 16S RNA genes to identify avian-specific fecal rRNA gene sequences. The subtracters were rRNA genes amplified from human, dog, cat, cow, and pig feces. Recovered sequences were related to Enterobacteriaceae (47 ... | 2012 | 22081573 |
| Antigenic analysis monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of sB protein of Muscovy duck reovirus. | sB is one of the major structural proteins of Muscovy duck reovirus (DRV), which is able to induce protective immune response in target birds. Four anti-DRV sB MAbs were identified belong to two distinct epitopes, designated A (1E5, 4E3, and 5D8) and B (2F7) (Liu et al., 2010). To understand antigenic determinants of the sB protein, a set of 20 (P1-P20), partially overlapping and consecutive peptides spanning sB were expressed and then screened by MAbs. With Western blot and enzyme-linked immuno ... | 2011 | 22197425 |
| comparing the content of lipids derived from the eye lenses of various species. | the lipid content in the eye lens was analyzed and compared among various species in this study. the eye lens lipids of the following species were investigated: cow, horse, duck, and freshwater trout. additionally, the lipids derived from cataractous bovine lens and from cataractous human eye lens lipoprotein complexes were analyzed. the following lipid classes were detected in clear lenses: cholesterol, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyletanolamine, and phosphatidylserine. in cata ... | 2011 | 22038221 |
| adaptation of a duck influenza a virus in quail. | quail are thought to serve as intermediate hosts of influenza a viruses between aquatic birds and terrestrial birds, such as chickens, due to their high susceptibility to aquatic-bird viruses, which then adapt to replicate efficiently in their new hosts. however, does replication of aquatic-bird influenza viruses in quail similarly result in their efficient replication in humans? using sialic acid-galactose linkage-specific lectins, we found both avian (sialic acid-α2-3-galactose [siaα2-3gal] li ... | 2011 | 22090115 |
| molecular characterization and tissue-specific expression of invariant chain in the muscovy duck (cairina moschata). | the invariant chain (ii) plays an important role as a chaperone for mhc ii maturation and facilitates antigen presentation in vertebrates. we cloned, characterized and made a homology analysis of healthy adult muscovy duck ii (mdii), from a poultry farm in the suburban district of hefei city in china, by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race)-pcr and by measuring expression of the mdii gene in various tissues by real-time quantitative pcr. a full-length cdna sequence of mdii was obtained, ... | 2011 | 22179959 |
| egg drop syndrome, 1976 (eds'76). | summary a description is given of the new clinical condition in fowl now known as eds 76. this is characterised by the production of thin shelled, soft shelled and shell less eggs by apparently healthy birds. the effects on egg production are seen around 30 weeks of age and are seen either as an apparent fall in production or as a failure to obtain predicted production targets. haemagglutinating viruses have been isolated from these flocks and evidence from experimental and field investigati ... | 1979 | 22039825 |
| [Waterbird habitat-selection during winter and spring in reclaimed coastal wetlands in Nanhui Dongtan, Shanghai]. | From December 2009 to May 2010 goose and duck (Anatidae) community censuses in winter and shorebird (Charadriiforms) community censuses in spring were conducted across three types artificial wetlands (urban lake wetland, restorative wetland, abandoned wetland) along the coast of Nanhui, Shanghai. Correlation analyses were undertaken between community indices and habitat factors. The results showed there were significant differences in the density of geese and ducks among the wetlands, but no dif ... | 2011 | 22184021 |
| Interactions between methylmercury and selenomethionine injected into mallard eggs. | Methylmercury chloride and seleno-L-methionine were injected separately or in combinations into the eggs of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and embryo mortality and teratogenic effects (deformities) were modeled using a logistic regression model. Methylmercury was injected at doses that resulted in concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 µg/g mercury in the egg on a wet weight basis and selenomethionine at doses that resulted in concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 µg/g selenium in the ... | 2011 | 22139676 |
| Epidemiological investigation and genome analysis of duck circovirus in Southern China. | Duck circovirus (DuCV), a potential immunosuppressive virus, was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method. In this study, a total of 138 sick or dead duck samples from 18 different farms were examined with an average DuCV infection rate of ~35%. It was found that ducks between the ages of 40~60 days were more susceptible to DuCV. There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission. F ... | 2011 | 21979568 |
| Characterization of an H4N2 avian influenza virus isolated from domestic duck in Dongting Lake wetland in 2009. | In January 2009, an H4N2 subtype of avian influenza virus [A/duck/Hunan/8-19/2009 (H4N2)] was isolated from domestic ducks in Dongting Lake wetland. The whole genome of the virus was sequenced and the results indicated that multiple gene segments of the virus had a high homology with viruses isolated from wild waterfowl, which indicated that the virus was probably transmitted from wild waterfowl to domestic ducks. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the each gene belonged to the Eurasian lineage ... | 2011 | 21853331 |
| Serosurveillance for Japanese encephalitis virus in wild birds captured in Korea. | Climate change induced by recent global warming may have a significant impact on vector-borne and zoonotic diseases. For example, the distribution of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) has expanded into new regions. We surveyed the levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies against JEV (Family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus) in wild birds captured in Korea. Blood samples were collected from 1,316 wild birds including the following migratory birds: Oceanodroma castro (n = 4), Anas formo ... | 2011 | 22122903 |
| effects of sex and inclusion of dried distillers grains with solubles on slaughter yield and meat characteristics of pekin ducks. | 1. the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (ddgs) dietary inclusion concentration, and sex, on body weight, slaughter efficiency and meat characteristics of pekin ducks (anas platyrhynchos f. domestica, strain p55) were studied. 2. sexed ducklings (n = 160) were divided randomly into 4 groups (each with 4 replicates). from d 1 to d 21, all the birds received the same commercial feed, then from 22 to 49 d of age the ducks were fed in the following groups: control (commercial feed) ... | 2011 | 22221240 |
| ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of the domestic duck (anas platyrhynchos sp.). | the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of the domestic duck (anas platyrhynchos sp.) was analysed by transmission and scanning electron microscopies and compared with the results obtained in preliminary studies involving other non-passerine birds. the spermatozoa were characterised by the presence of a short head, short midpiece and long principal piece. the head consisted of a reduced acrosome that contained moderately electron-dense homogenous material. the implantation fossa was observed betwe ... | 2012 | 22211771 |
| phosphorylation state-dependent interactions of hepadnavirus core protein with host factors. | dynamic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the hepadnavirus core protein c-terminal domain (ctd) are required for multiple steps of the viral life cycle. it remains unknown how the ctd phosphorylation state may modulate core protein functions but phosphorylation state-dependent viral or host interactions may play a role. in an attempt to identify host factors that may interact differentially with the core protein depending on its ctd phosphorylation state, pulldown assays were performed us ... | 2011 | 22216318 |
| highly pathogenic avian influenza virus h5n1 controls type i ifn induction in chicken macrophage hd-11 cells: a polygenic trait that involves ns1 and the polymerase complex. | abstract: background: influenza a viruses are well characterized to antagonize type i ifn induction in infected mammalian cells. however, limited information is available for avian cells. it was hypothesised that avian influenza viruses (aiv) with distinct virulence may interact differently with the avian innate immune system. therefore, the type i ifn responses induced by highly virulent and low virulent h5n1 aiv and reassortants thereof were analysed in chicken cells. results: the highly pat ... | 2012 | 22230322 |
| elucidating the role of select cytoplasmic proteins in altering diffusion of integrin receptors. | cytoplasmic proteins that affect integrin diffusion in the cell membrane are identified using a combination of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (frap) and rna interference. integrin receptors are essential for many cellular events, and alterations in lateral diffusion are one mechanism for modulating their function. in cells expressing native cytoplasmic protein concentrations and spread on a slide containing integrin extracellular ligand, 45 ± 2% of the integrin is mobile with a time- ... | 2012 | 22234402 |
| compulsive use of dopamine replacement therapy among parkinson's disease patients: if it looks like a duck, swims like a duck and quacks like a duck . . . | | 2012 | 22248134 |
| evaluation of analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by quechers and gc-ms and their formation in poultry meat as affected by marinating and frying. | the objectives of this research were to develop a method for determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in poultry meat by combining quechers with gc-ms and study their formation during marinating and frying. the recoveries of 16 pahs were ranged from 94.5-104% in blank samples and 71.2-104% in poultry meat samples. the quantitation limits of 16 pahs were from 0.02-1 ng/ml, with the intra-day variability being from 2.4-6.6% (rsd%) and inter-day variability from 3.3-7.1% (rsd%). ... | 2012 | 22233505 |
| proventricular dilatation disease in cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus) after infection with a genotype 2 avian bornavirus. | an isolate of genotype 2 avian bornavirus (abv) was recovered from a cockatiel (nymphicus hollandicus) that was euthanatized for an unrelated lesion and showing no clinical evidence of proventricular dilatation disease (pdd). on histopathologic examination, mild inflammatory lesions were present in the heart and brain, but gastrointestinal lesions characteristic of classic pdd were not observed. to investigate if this abv2 isolate had reduced virulence, the virus was propagated in duck embryo fi ... | 2011 | 22216720 |
| neurogenic inflammation in the upper digestive tract of the mule duck: effect of a chemical algogen and force-feeding. | 1. the objectives were to quantify the presence of neurogenic inflammation in 4 regions of the upper digestive tract of anaesthetised ducks (post-pharynx, pseudo-crop, transition between the pseudo-crop and the proventriculus, and proventriculus) after application of hcl stimulation of up to 4 m in the pseudo-crop. 2. the second objective was to quantify the presence of neurogenic inflammation in the same digestive tract regions as mentioned above during 4 feeding periods of foie gras producti ... | 2011 | 22221246 |
| genetic structure of eurasian and north american mallard ducks based on mtdna data. | to elucidate the origin and genetic structure of the domesticated duck in eurasia and north america, we sequenced 114 duck d-loop sequences and retrieved 489 d-loop sequences from genbank. in total, 603 ducks including 50 duck breeds/populations from eight countries (china, france, russia, india, kazakhstan, mongolia, thailand and usa) were used in this study. one hundred and thirty-four haplotypes and 81 variable sites were detected. h49 was the predominant haplotype, which was considered to be ... | 2011 | 22486512 |
| evaluation of nobuto filter paper strips for the detection of avian influenza virus antibody in waterfowl. | the utility of using nobuto paper strips for the detection of avian influenza antibodies was examined in mallards (anas platyrhynchos) experimentally infected with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. blood was collected 2 wk after infection and was preserved either as serum or whole blood absorbed onto nobuto strips. analysis of samples using a commercially available blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed comparable results (> or = 96% sensitivity for all methods) between sera s ... | 2011 | 22312989 |
| the modes of evolutionary emergence of primal and late pandemic influenza virus strains from viral reservoir in animals: an interdisciplinary analysis. | based on a wealth of recent findings, in conjunction with earliest chronologies pertaining to evolutionary emergences of ancestral rna viruses, ducks, influenzavirus a (assumingly within ducks), and hominids, as well as to the initial domestication of mallard duck (anas platyrhynchos), jungle fowl (gallus gallus), wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo), wild boar (sus scrofa), and wild horse (equus ferus), presumed genesis modes of primordial pandemic influenza strains have multidisciplinarily been c ... | 2011 | 23074663 |
| characterization of a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (h6n1) isolated from turkeys. | an avian influenza virus (aiv), a/turkey/israel/09 subtype h6n1, was isolated from turkey poults exhibiting typical pathology associated with aiv infection. the virus was characterized by rt-pcr using aiv subtype-specific primers and by the haemagglutination inhibition test using aiv subtype-specific antisera. the virus has an intravenous pathogenicity index of 0 and possessed a nucleotide sequence at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin gene, pqietr*glf, associated with avian influenza viruse ... | 2011 | 23074655 |
| avian influenza and animal health risk: conservation of endemic threatened wild birds in sardinia island. | sardinia is a mediterranean island with a long geological history, leading to a separation process from continental europe during the miocene. as a consequence, in this insular habitat some wild bird species developed endemic forms, some of which are currently threatened. the aim of this study is to evaluate the possible animal health risk associated with a potential avian influenza virus (aiv) circulation in sardinian wild bird populations. overall, 147 cloacal swabs were sampled in the sardini ... | 2012 | 23402132 |
| avian influenza virus wild bird surveillance in the azov and black sea regions of ukraine (2010-2011). | the azov and black sea basins are part of the transcontinental wild bird migration routes from northern asia and europe to the mediterranean, africa, and southwest asia. these regions constitute an area of transit, stops during migration, and nesting for many different bird species. from september 2010 to september 2011, a wild bird surveillance study was conducted in these regions to identify avian influenza viruses. biological samples consisting of cloacal and tracheal swabs and fecal samples ... | 2012 | 23402128 |
| effect of different routes of inoculation on infectivity and viral shedding of lpai viruses in mallards. | we studied the effect of different routes of inoculation on the infectivity and duration of viral shedding in mallards (anas platyrhynchos) infected with wild bird-origin low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (lpaivs). one-month-old mallards were inoculated with 10(6) median embryo infectious doses of either a/mallard/mn/199106/99 (h3n8) or a/mallard/mn/355779/00 (h5n2) via 1 of 5 different routes: intranasal (in), intratracheal (it), intraocular (io), intracloacal (ic), or intra-ingluvial (ii) ... | 2012 | 23402123 |
| susceptibility of avian species to north american h13 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. | gulls are widely recognized reservoirs for low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) viruses; however, the subtypes maintained in these populations and/or the transmission mechanisms involved are poorly understood. although, a wide diversity of influenza viruses have been isolated from gulls, two hemagglutinin subtypes (h13 and h16) are rarely detected in other avian groups, and existing surveillance data suggests they are maintained almost exclusively within gull populations. in order to evaluate t ... | 2012 | 23402121 |
| immune responses and protection against h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus induced by the newcastle disease virus h5 vaccine in ducks. | ducks play an important role in the epidemiology of avian influenza, and there is a need for new avian influenza vaccines that are suitable for mass vaccination in ducks. the immune responses as well as highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 protection induced by a newcastle disease virus (ndv) vector expressing an h5n1 hemagglutinin (rndv-h5) were investigated in mule ducks, a hybrid between muscovy (cairina moschata domesticus) males and pekin (anas platyrhynchos domesticus) females. im ... | 2012 | 23402116 |
| chlamydia psittaci in swedish wetland birds: a risk to zoonotic infection? | chlamydia psittaci in birds may be transmitted to humans and cause respiratory infections, sometimes as severe disease. our study investigated the c. psittaci prevalence in migratory birds in sweden by real-time pcr. fecal specimens or cloacal swabs were collected from 497 birds from 22 different species, mainly mallards (anas platyrhynchos), at two bird observatories in sweden. dna from c psittaci was found in six (1.2%) birds from three different species. five of the positive specimens were in ... | 2012 | 23397847 |
| inflammatory markers following acute fuel oil exposure or bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos). | adult mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos) were orally dosed with bunker c fuel oil for 5 days, and five different inflammatory markers (haptoglobin, mannan-binding lectin, ceruloplasmin, unsaturated iron-binding capacity, and plasma iron) were measured in blood plasma prior to and 8, 24, 48, and 72 hr following exposure. in order to contrast the response to fuel oil with that of a systemic inflammatory response, an additional five ducks were injected intramuscularly with bacterial lipopolysacchar ... | 2012 | 23397842 |
| a robust tool highlights the influence of bird migration on influenza a virus evolution. | one of the fundamental unknowns in the field of influenza biology is a panoramic understanding of the role wild birds play in the global maintenance and spread of influenza a viruses. wild aquatic birds are considered a reservoir host for all lowly pathogenic avian influenza a viruses (aiv) and thus serve as a potential source of zoonotic aiv, such as australasian-origin h5n1 responsible for morbidity and mortality in both poultry and humans, as well as genes that may contribute to the emergence ... | 2012 | 23355978 |
| development of a blocking elisa for detection of serum neutralizing antibodies against newly emerged duck tembusu virus. | since april 2010, domesticated ducks in china have been suffering from an emerging infectious disease characterized by retarded growth, high fever, loss of appetite, decline in egg production, and death. the causative agent was identified as a duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), a member of the ntaya virus (ntav) group within the genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae. dtmuv is highly contagious and spreads rapidly in many species of ducks. more than 10 million shelducks have been infected and approximat ... | 2012 | 23300851 |
| a commercial trial evaluating three open water sources for farmed ducks: effects on health and production. | 1. the present study investigated the effects on pekin duck health and production of three open water resources in a commercial setting. the three resources were: narrow troughs (15 cm wide and 8 cm deep), intermediate troughs (20 cm wide and 12 cm deep) and wide troughs (50 cm wide and 8 cm deep). a total of 23 flocks of ducks were investigated, with an average size of 4540 ± 680 individuals and a final stocking density always under 17 kg/m(2). 2. the health of the birds was considered to be of ... | 2012 | 23281750 |
| survey of migratory birds (anatidae: anas platyrhynchos) for schistosome parasites from mazandaran province, northern iran. | the aim of the present study was to survey birds' schistosomes in migratory birds (anatidae: anas platyrhynchos) which are the source of the disease in mazandaran province, northern iran. | 2013 | 23914249 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and molecular typing of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from ducks in south korea. | campylobacter is a food-borne zoonotic pathogen that causes human gastroenteritis worldwide. campylobacter bacteria are commensal in the intestines of many food production animals, including ducks and chickens. the objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of campylobacter species in domestic ducks, and the agar dilution method was used to determine resistance of the isolates to eight antibiotics. in addition, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) was performed to determine the sequence ... | 2014 | 25261524 |
| campylobacter jejuni colonization and population structure in urban populations of ducks and starlings in new zealand. | a repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of campylobacter spp. and the population structure of c. jejuni in european starlings and ducks cohabiting multiple public access sites in an urban area of new zealand. the country's geographical isolation and relatively recent history of introduction of wild bird species, including the european starling and mallard duck, create an ideal setting to explore the impact of geographical separation on the population biology of ... | 2013 | 23873654 |