| genome-wide characterization of toll-like receptor gene family in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and their involvement in host immune response to aeromonas hydrophila infection. | the toll-like receptor (tlr) gene family is a class of conserved pattern recognition receptors, which play an essential role in innate immunity providing efficient defense against invading microbial pathogens. although tlrs have been extensively characterized in both invertebrates and vertebrates, a comprehensive analysis of tlrs in common carp is lacking. in the present study, we have conducted the first genome-wide systematic analysis of common carp (cyprinus carpio) tlr genes. a set of 27 com ... | 2017 | 28888727 |
| in vitro immunostimulatory potential of fungal β-glucans in pacific red snapper (lutjanus peru) cells. | this study attempts to describe the immunostimulatory effects of three fungal glucans on innate immunity responses in an in vitro assays using pacific red snapper leukocytes. first, the yield glucans obtained was higher in aspergillus niger, follow by aspergillus ochraceus and alternaria botrytis (40, 20 and 10%, respectively). structural characterization of these fungal glucans by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) indicated structures containing (1-6)-branched (1-3)-β-d-glucan. the immuno ... | 2017 | 28888536 |
| involvement of the macrobrachium nipponense rhodanese homologue 2, mnrdh2 in innate immunity and antioxidant defense. | in macrobrachium nipponense, the rhodanese homologue 2 (mnrdh2) gene codes for a single rhodanese domain protein. considering the lack of information on the biological role of the ubiquitous rhodaneses in invertebrate, we examined the functions of mnrdh2 using both in silico and in vitro approaches. quantitative pcr analysis of different tissues indicated that expression of mnrdh2 was enriched in hepatopancreas, in which bacterial challenge by aeromonas hydrophila induced mnrdh2 expression. knoc ... | 2017 | 28882803 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and expression of immunoglobulin d on pathogen challenge and pathogen associated molecular patterns stimulation in freshwater carp, catla catla. | the primordial immunoglobulin class, igd, was the first non-igm isotype discovered in teleosts. the crucial roles of igm and igz in imparting systemic and mucosal immunity, respectively, in various fish species have been widely established. however, the putative function of a unique igd isotype during pathogenic invasions has not been well explored. the present study reports the existence of an igd ortholog in freshwater carp, catla catla, and further evaluates its differential expression profil ... | 2017 | 28877365 |
| biological parameters, immune enzymes, and histological alterations in the livers of grass carp infected with aeromonas hydrophila. | aeromonas hydrophila is the causative agent of bacterial septicemia that is frequently observed in grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus. in this study, we evaluated the biological parameters and immune enzymes in the liver of grass carp following a. hydrophila infection and quantified the alterations in liver histology using a semi-quantitative system. for the biological parameters, we found that the liver somatic index (lsi) was more sensitive than fulton's condition factor (cf) and was signifi ... | 2017 | 28866274 |
| structural and functional analyses of periplasmic 5'-methylthioadenosine/s-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase from aeromonas hydrophila. | the gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium aeromonas hydrophila has two multifunctional 5'-methylthioadenosine/s-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (mtan) enzymes, mtan-1 and mtan-2, that differ from those in other bacteria. these proteins are essential for several metabolic pathways, including biological methylation, polyamine biosynthesis, methionine recycling, and bacterial quorum sensing. to gain insight into how these two proteins function, we determined four high-resolution crystal structures ... | 2017 | 28862845 |
| characterization of histopathological and ultrastructural changes in channel catfish experimentally infected with virulent aeromonas hydrophila. | a highly virulent clonal population of aeromonas hydrophila (vah) has been the cause of recent motile aeromonas septicemia epizootic in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) farms in the southeastern united states. the pathology of the disease caused by vah has not been studied well yet. thus, our aim was to determine histopathological and ultrastructural changes in channel catfish following vah challenge. to accomplish this, catfish fingerlings were challenged with vah (strain ml09-119) by bath ... | 2017 | 28861049 |
| oxa-427, a new plasmid-borne carbapenem-hydrolysing class d β-lactamase in enterobacteriaceae. | to describe a novel plasmid-borne class d carbapenemase (chdl) named oxa-427 identified in several enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates from nine patients in one belgian hospital. | 2017 | 28859446 |
| derivatives (halogen, nitro and amino) of 8-hydroxyquinoline with highly potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. | 8-hydroxyquinoline (8hq) compounds have been reported to possess diverse bioactivities. in recent years, drug repositioning has gained considerable attention in drug discovery and development. herein, 8hq (1) and its derivatives (2-9) bearing various substituents (amino, nitro, cyano and halogen) were investigated for their antimicrobial against 27 microorganisms (agar dilution method) and antioxidant (dpph method) activities. the parent 8hq (1) exerted a highly potent antimicrobial activity aga ... | 2016 | 29214226 |
| nonspecific bacterial flora isolated from the body surface and inside ixodes ricinus ticks. | ixodes ricinus and other representatives of the order ixodida are vectors of typical pathogens: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilium, babesia spp., a tick-borne encephalitis virus, and other microorganisms which are important from a medical and veterinary point of view. the presented study focuses on the verification of nonspecific bacterial flora of i. ricinus. we analyzed ticks collected in a forest region in silesia, an industrial district in poland. methods of classica ... | 2012 | 29334060 |
| antimicrobial activities of some plants from the eastern anatolia region of turkey. | crude extracts obtained from the roots and aerial parts of rumex crispus.l. and acinos rotundifolius.pers. and the whole plants of ajuga chamaepitys. l. and of lycopus europaeus. l. were evaluated for in vitro. antimicrobial activity against five gram-positive bacteria including staphylococcus aureus., micrococcus luteus, mycobacterium smegmatis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus subtilis. var. niger., and three gram-negative bacteria including aeromonas hydrophila, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas ... | 2005 | 28925834 |
| infections of edwardsiella tarda among brook trout in quebec. | acute bacterial septicemia is commonly diagnosed in brook trout salvelinus fontinalis of quebec, canada. the agents most commonly isolated include aeromonas salmonicida (furunculosis), aeromonas hydrophila (motile aeromonad septicemia), and pseudomonas species. septicemia in brook trout caused by the gram-negative bacterium edwardsiella tarda was diagnosed for the first time in the province of quebec from two different fish farms producing stock for fee fishing establishments. affected fish disp ... | 2000 | 28880779 |