| determination of periodontopathogens in patients with cri du chat syndrome. | cri du chat syndrome is a genetic alteration associated with some oral pathologies. however, it has not been described previously any clinical relationship between the periodontal disease and the syndrome. the purpose of this comparative study was to compare periodontopathogenic flora in a group with cri du chat syndrome and another without the síndrome, to assess a potential microbiological predisposition to suffer a periodontitis. | 2013 | 24121919 |
| effect of controlled-release periochip™ on clinical and microbiological parameters in patients of chronic periodontitis. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and microbiological effectiveness of periochip™ as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) with srp alone in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2013 | 24174754 |
| a consortium of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, streptococcus parasanguinis, and filifactor alocis is present in sites prior to bone loss in a longitudinal study of localized aggressive periodontitis. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) in african-american adolescents has been documented but is poorly understood. two thousand fifty-eight adolescents aged 11 to 17 years were screened for their periodontal status and the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans in their oral cavity. seventy-one a. actinomycetemcomitans-negative and 63 a. actinomycetemcomitans-positive periodontally healthy subjects were enrolled, sampled, examined, and radiographed ... | 2013 | 23784124 |
| quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens present in the saliva of geriatric subjects. | at present, information regarding periodontal disease in geriatric patients is scarce. the purpose of this study was to quantify the periodontal pathogens present in the saliva of korean geriatric patients and assess the relationship between the bacterial levels and the periodontal condition. | 2013 | 24040571 |
| association between periodontal disease and plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. | untreated periodontal disease seems to cause low grade systemic inflammation and blood lipid alteration leading to increased cardiovascular disease risk. to start testing this hypothesis in colombian patients, a multicentre study was conducted including the three main state capitals: bogota, medellin and cali. | 2013 | 24892452 |
| periodontopathogen profile of healthy and oral lichen planus patients with gingivitis or periodontitis. | oral lichen planus (olp) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is frequently detected in oral tissues. the aim of our study was to identify the prevalence of the detection of periodontopathogenic microorganisms (aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola in olp patients and to compare with this prevalence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms in healthy non-olp patients. our study included 27 (18 chronic ... | 2013 | 23743616 |
| short-term microbiological effects of scaling and root planing and essential-oils mouthwash in chinese adults. | to assess the short-term effect of scaling and root planing (srp) and essential-oils mouthwash on the levels of specific bacteria in chinese adults. | 2013 | 23645178 |
| role of the nk cell-activating receptor cracc in periodontitis. | periodontitis is a highly prevalent, biofilm-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that results in the loss of the tooth-supporting tissues. it features two major clinical entities: chronic periodontitis, which is more common, and aggressive periodontitis, which usually has an early onset and a rapid progression. natural killer (nk) cells are a distinct subgroup of lymphocytes that play a major role in the ability of the innate immune system to steer immune responses. nk cells are abundant in pe ... | 2013 | 23250953 |
| association between selected oral pathogens and gastric precancerous lesions. | we examined whether colonization of selected oral pathogens is associated with gastric precancerous lesions in a cross-sectional study. a total of 119 participants were included, of which 37 were cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, or dysplasia. an oral examination was performed to measure periodontal indices. plaque and saliva samples were tested with real-time quantitative pcr for dna levels of pathogens related to periodontal disease (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerel ... | 2013 | 23308100 |
| effects of adjunctive daily phototherapy on chronic periodontitis: a randomized single-blind controlled trial. | the purpose of this randomized single-blind controlled trial was to elucidate the clinical and antimicrobial effects of daily phototherapy (pt) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 25568808 |
| serum igg antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident alzheimer disease. | periodontitis and alzheimer disease (ad) are associated with systemic inflammation. this research studied serum igg to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident ad. | 2014 | 25522313 |
| subgingival microbial profiles of sudanese patients with aggressive periodontitis. | aggressive periodontitis (agp) is prevalent and shows a rapid course in african individuals. although a strong focus has been placed on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, new methods support the existence of a complex subgingival microflora in agp. the purpose of the present study was to map the subgingival microbiota as well as explore the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans and the jp2 clone in a group of sudanese individuals with agp, using different analytical methods. | 2014 | 25487558 |
| oral bacterial dna findings in pericardial fluid. | we recently reported that large amounts of oral bacterial dna can be found in thrombus aspirates of myocardial infarction patients. some case reports describe bacterial findings in pericardial fluid, mostly done with conventional culturing and a few with pcr; in purulent pericarditis, nevertheless, bacterial pcr has not been used as a diagnostic method before. | 2014 | 25412607 |
| association between periodontal condition and subgingival microbiota in women during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. | in this study, the gingival conditions and the quantitative detection for aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia in pregnant women were determined. | 2014 | 25591021 |
| relationship of clinical and microbiological variables in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. | the aim of the study was to analyze how metabolic control of type 1 diabetes is related to clinical and microbiological periodontal parameters. | 2014 | 25294115 |
| lack of cathelicidin processing in papillon-lefèvre syndrome patients reveals essential role of ll-37 in periodontal homeostasis. | loss-of-function point mutations in the cathepsin c gene are the underlying genetic event in patients with papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls). pls neutrophils lack serine protease activity essential for cathelicidin ll-37 generation from hcap18 precursor. | 2014 | 25260376 |
| microbial signature profiles of periodontally healthy and diseased patients. | to determine microbial profiles that discriminate periodontal health from different forms of periodontal diseases. | 2014 | 25139407 |
| association between polycystic ovary syndrome, oral microbiota and systemic antibody responses. | polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a hormonal disorder of women that not only is the leading cause of infertility but also shows a reciprocal link with oral health. this study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the levels of putative periodontal pathogens in saliva and their antibody response in serum are elevated in pcos, compared to systemic health. a total of 125 women were included in four groups; 45 women with pcos and healthy periodontium, 35 women with pcos and gingivitis, 25 syste ... | 2014 | 25232962 |
| the presence of cariogenic and periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity of one-year-old infants delivered pre-term with very low birthweights: a case control study. | recently, the dental literature has focused mainly on the microbial colonization of healthy full-term infants and their mothers or caretakers. however, oral microbial acquisition by premature infants has not been adequately investigated, and the correlation between pre-term birth and the presence of cariogenic and periodontal pathogens has not been determined. the aim of this study was to identify the presence and quantities of representative cariogenic and periodontal pathogens in the oral cavi ... | 2014 | 25178742 |
| subgingival air-polishing with erythritol during periodontal maintenance: randomized clinical trial of twelve months. | to evaluate repeated subgingival air-polishing in residual pockets with a new erythritol powder containing 0.3% chlorhexidine. | 2014 | 25041441 |
| subgingival bacteria in ghanaian adolescents with or without progression of attachment loss. | this study describes subgingival bacterial profiles associated with clinical periodontal status in ghanaian adolescents with or without progression of attachment loss. | 2014 | 24834145 |
| a periodontitis-associated multispecies model of an oral biofilm. | while single-species biofilms have been studied extensively, we know notably little regarding multispecies biofilms and their interactions. the purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an in vitro multispecies dental biofilm model that aimed to mimic the environment of chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 24778902 |
| in vitro-activity of oily calcium hydroxide suspension on microorganisms as well as on human alveolar osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. | findings from animal and human studies have indicated that an oily calcium hydroxide suspension (ochs) may improve early wound healing in the treatment of periodontitis. calcium hydroxide as the main component is well known for its antimicrobial activity, however at present the effect of ochs on the influence of periodontal wound healing/regeneration is still very limited. the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of ochs on periodontopathogenic bacteria as well as on the ... | 2014 | 24475753 |
| clinical evaluation of salivary periodontal pathogen levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in patients before dental implant treatment. | periodontal pathogens in dental plaque are the main causative agents of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. detection of the presence of such periodontal pathogens early would serve as a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the periodontal pathogen levels in saliva were correlated with the periodontal status of patients receiving implant treatment. | 2014 | 23745964 |
| acquisition of oral microbes and associated systemic responses of newborn nonhuman primates. | the acquisition and development of the complex oral microbiome remain ill defined. while selected species of oral bacteria have been examined in relation to their initial colonization in neonates, a more detailed understanding of the dynamics of the microbiome has been developed only in adults. the current investigation used a nonhuman primate model to document the kinetics of colonization of the oral cavities of newborns and infants by a range of oral commensals and pathogens. differences in co ... | 2014 | 24173024 |
| total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in saliva of periodontitis patients in relation to bacterial load. | the detection of salivary biomarkers has a potential application in early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal inflammation. however, searching sensitive salivary biomarkers for periodontitis is still ongoing. oxidative stress is supposed to play an important role in periodontitis progression and tissue destruction. in this cross-sectional study, we investigated total antioxidant capacity (tac) and total oxidant status (tos) in saliva of periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls and ... | 2015 | 26779448 |
| humoral immune responses to periodontal pathogens in the elderly. | elderly people are thought to be more susceptible to periodontal disease due to reduced immune function associated with aging. however, little information is available on the nature of immune responses against putative periodontal pathogens in geriatric patients. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum igg antibody responses to six periodontal pathogens in geriatric subjects. | 2015 | 26550526 |
| malva sylvestris inhibits inflammatory response in oral human cells. an in vitro infection model. | the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of malva sylvestris extract (mse) and fractions in a co-culture model of cells infected by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. in addition, we evaluated the phytochemical content in the extract and fractions of m. sylvestris and demonstrated that polyphenols were the most frequent group in all samples studied. an in vitro dual-chamber model to mimic the periodontal structure was developed using a monolayer of epi ... | 2015 | 26479870 |
| differentiation of oral bacteria in in vitro cultures and human saliva by secondary electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry. | the detection of bacterial-specific volatile metabolites may be a valuable tool to predict infection. here we applied a real-time mass spectrometric technique to investigate differences in volatile metabolic profiles of oral bacteria that cause periodontitis. we coupled a secondary electrospray ionization (sesi) source to a commercial high-resolution mass spectrometer to interrogate the headspace from bacterial cultures and human saliva. we identified 120 potential markers characteristic for per ... | 2015 | 26477831 |
| oxidative stress parameters in saliva and its association with periodontal disease and types of bacteria. | to determine the association between oxidative stress parameters with periodontal disease, bleeding, and the presence of different periodontal bacteria. | 2015 | 26494938 |
| quantitative pcr analysis of salivary pathogen burden in periodontitis. | our aim was to investigate the value of salivary concentrations of four major periodontal pathogens and their combination in diagnostics of periodontitis. the parogene study included 462 dentate subjects (mean age 62.9 ± 9.2 years) with coronary artery disease (cad) diagnosis who underwent an extensive clinical and radiographic oral examination. salivary levels of four major periodontal bacteria were measured by quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr). median salivary concentrations of porphyromonas g ... | 2015 | 26484315 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis fim-a genotype distribution among colombians. | porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with periodontitis and exhibit a wide array of virulence factors, including fimbriae which is encoded by the fima gene representing six known genotypes. | 2015 | 26600627 |
| periodontal bacteria and prediabetes prevalence in origins: the oral infections, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance study. | periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus are known to be associated. the relationship between periodontal microbiota and early diabetes risk has not been studied. we investigated the association between periodontal bacteria and prediabetes prevalence among diabetes-free adults. origins (the oral infections, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance study) cross sectionally enrolled 300 diabetes-free adults aged 20 to 55 y (mean ± sd, 34 ± 10 y; 77% female). prediabetes was defined as follows: ... | 2015 | 26082387 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and treponema denticola / prevotella intermedia co-infection are associated with severe periodontitis in a thai population. | periodontitis is a polymicrobial infection of tooth-supporting tissues. this cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between five target species and severe periodontitis in a thai population. using the cdc/aap case definition, individuals diagnosed with no/mild and severe periodontitis were included. quantitative analyses of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa), porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), tannerella forsythia (tf), treponema denticola (td), and prevotella intermedia (pi ... | 2015 | 26313005 |
| periodontal pathogens and tetracycline resistance genes in subgingival biofilm of periodontally healthy and diseased dominican adults. | the objective of this study was to compare the periodontopathogen prevalence and tetracycline resistance genes in dominican patients with different periodontal conditions. | 2015 | 26121972 |
| coaggregation and biofilm growth of granulicatella spp. with fusobacterium nucleatum and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | members of fastidious granulicatella and aggregatibacter genera belong to normal oral flora bacteria that can cause serious infections, such as infective endocarditis. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has long been implicated in aggressive periodontitis, whereas dna-based methods only recently showed an association between granulicatella spp. and dental diseases. as bacterial coaggregation is a key phenomenon in the development of oral and nonoral multispecies bacterial communities it would ... | 2015 | 26025449 |
| periodontitis associated with plasminogen deficiency: a case report. | plasminogen deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease, which is associated with aggressive periodontitis and gingival enlargement. previously described treatments of plasminogen deficiency associated periodontitis have shown limited success. this is the first case report indicating a successful therapy approach consisting of a non-surgical supra- and subgingival debridement in combination with an adjunctive systemic antibiotic therapy and a strict supportive periodontal regimen over an ob ... | 2015 | 25971786 |
| host response mechanisms in periodontal diseases. | periodontal diseases usually refer to common inflammatory disorders known as gingivitis and periodontitis, which are caused by a pathogenic microbiota in the subgingival biofilm, including porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola that trigger innate, inflammatory, and adaptive immune responses. these processes result in the destruction of the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, and eventually in tissue, bone and final ... | 2015 | 26221929 |
| laser supported reduction of specific microorganisms in the periodontal pocket with the aid of an er,cr:ysgg laser: a pilot study. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a radial firing tip of an er,cr:ysgg laser as an adjunct to a nonsurgical periodontal treatment. | 2015 | 25879057 |
| quantitative proteomics reveal distinct protein regulations caused by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans within subgingival biofilms. | periodontitis is an infectious disease that causes the inflammatory destruction of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues, caused by polymicrobial biofilm communities growing on the tooth surface. aggressive periodontitis is strongly associated with the presence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival biofilms. nevertheless, whether and how a. actinomycetemcomitans orchestrates molecular changes within the biofilm is unclear. the aim of this work was to decipher the inter ... | 2015 | 25756960 |
| bacterial profile of aggressive periodontitis in morocco: a cross-sectional study. | aggressive periodontitis (agp) is one of the most severe forms of periodontal diseases. in morocco, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been strongly associated with agp, however limited knowledge is available about the implication of other periodontal pathogens in this entity. therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the subgingival microbiota in moroccan patients with agp. | 2015 | 25888404 |
| photoinactivation using visible light plus water-filtered infrared-a (vis+wira) and chlorine e6 (ce6) eradicates planktonic periodontal pathogens and subgingival biofilms. | alternative treatment methods for pathogens and microbial biofilms are required due to the widespread rise in antibiotic resistance. antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) has recently gained attention as a novel method to eradicate pathogens. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of a novel apdt method using visible light (vis) and water infiltrated infrared a (wira) in combination with chlorine e6 (ce6) against different periodontal pathogens in planktonic form and ... | 2016 | 27965635 |
| antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms associated with peri-implantitis. | background. this study aimed to assessthe antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine (chx) on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms isolated from subgingival plaque of peri-implantitis lesions. methods. thirteen patients requiring peri-implantitis treatment were consecutively selected and their subgingival biofilm was collected by inserting fine sterile paper points into peri-implant pockets for 15 seconds. a. actinomycetemcomitans was isolated from the subgingival biofilm and cultured. in t ... | 2016 | 27651884 |
| quantitative molecular detection of 19 major pathogens in the interdental biofilm of periodontally healthy young adults. | in oral health, the interdental spaces are a real ecological niche for which the body has few or no alternative defenses and where the traditional daily methods for control by disrupting biofilm are not adequate. the interdental spaces are the source of many hypotheses regarding their potential associations with and/or causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative disease, and depression. this pcr study is the first to describe the interdental microbiota in hea ... | 2016 | 27313576 |
| frequency of periodontal pathogens and helicobacter pylori in the mouths and stomachs of obese individuals submitted to bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study. | this cross-sectional study compared the frequency of oral periodontopathogens and h. pylori in the mouths and stomachs of obese individuals with or without periodontitis submitted to bariatric surgery. | 2016 | 27383704 |
| nonsyndromic localized aggressive periodontitis of primary dentition: a rare case report. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gingiva and tissues of the periodontium. it is characterized by pocket formation and destruction of supporting alveolar bone. periodontal diseases of aggressive nature are not very common in children. they are usually associated with systemic conditions. the present case report is of a 5-year-old male child who reported with rapid attachment loss and bony defects of the gingiva and supporting structures. his family and medical history gave no contr ... | 2016 | 27307682 |
| accuracy of commercial kits and published primer pairs for the detection of periodontopathogens. | despite the input of microbiome research, a group of 20 bacteria continues to be the focus of periodontal diagnostics and therapy. the aim of this study was to compare three commercial kits and laboratory-developed primer pairs for effectiveness in detecting such periodontopathogens. | 2016 | 27020914 |
| microbiological efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a clinical trial. | the efficiency of routine scaling and root planning is negatively influenced by the tooth anatomy and residual bacteria all possibly affecting the treatment outcomes in future. the present study compared the microbiologic effectiveness of the photodynamic therapy (pdt) as an adjunctive treatment modality for nonsurgical treatment in chronic periodontitis. | 2016 | 27330709 |
| genome-wide association study of biologically informed periodontal complex traits offers novel insights into the genetic basis of periodontal disease. | genome-wide association studies (gwas) of chronic periodontitis (cp) defined by clinical criteria alone have had modest success to-date. here, we refine the cp phenotype by supplementing clinical data with biological intermediates of microbial burden (levels of eight periodontal pathogens) and local inflammatory response (gingival crevicular fluid il-1β) and derive periodontal complex traits (pcts) via principal component analysis. pcts were carried forward to gwas (∼2.5 million markers) to iden ... | 2016 | 26962152 |
| localization of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin subunits during intoxication of live cells. | the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), produced by some clinically important gram-negative bacterial species, is related to the family of ab-type toxins. three heterologous proteins (cdta, cdtb, and cdtc) and a genotoxin mode of action distinguish the cdt from others in this toxin class. crystal structures of several species-specific cdts have provided a basis for predicting subunit interactions and functions. in addition, empirical studies have yielded significant insights into the in vivo inte ... | 2012 | 22645284 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin utilizes a cholesterol recognition/amino acid consensus site for membrane association. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans produces a repeats-in-toxin (rtx) leukotoxin (ltxa) that selectively kills human immune cells. binding of ltxa to its β2 integrin receptor (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1)) results in the clustering of the toxin·receptor complex in lipid rafts. clustering occurs only in the presence of lfa-1 and cholesterol, and ltxa is unable to kill cells lacking either lfa-1 or cholesterol. here, the interaction of ltxa with cholesterol was measured using ... | 2013 | 23792963 |
| ai-2 of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans inhibits candida albicans biofilm formation. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a gram-negative bacterium, and candida albicans, a polymorphic fungus, are both commensals of the oral cavity but both are opportunistic pathogens that can cause oral diseases. a. actinomycetemcomitans produces a quorum-sensing molecule called autoinducer-2 (ai-2), synthesized by luxs, that plays an important role in expression of virulence factors, in intra- but also in interspecies communication. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of ai-2 b ... | 2014 | 25101248 |
| blockade of the pi-3k signalling pathway by the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin induces macrophages to synthesize and secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. | the aggregatibactor actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) induces g2 arrest and apoptosis in lymphocytes; these toxic effects are due to the active subunit, cdtb, which functions as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (pip3) phosphatase. we now extend our investigation and demonstrate that cdt is able to perturb human macrophage function. thp-1- and monocyte-derived macrophages were found not to be susceptible to cdt-induced apoptosis. nonetheless, the toxin was capable o ... | 2014 | 24697951 |
| inflammatory and bone remodeling responses to the cytolethal distending toxins. | the cytolethal distending toxins (cdts) are a family of exotoxins produced by a wide range of gram-negative bacteria. they are known for causing genotoxic stress to the cell, resulting in growth arrest and eventually apoptotic cell death. nevertheless, there is evidence that cdts can also perturb the innate immune responses, by regulating inflammatory cytokine production and molecular mediators of bone remodeling in various cell types. these cellular and molecular events may in turn have an effe ... | 2014 | 24709959 |
| proteomics of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane vesicles. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral and systemic pathogen associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis and with endocarditis. outer membrane vesicles (omvs) released by this species have been demonstrated to deliver effector proteins such as cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) and leukotoxin (ltxa) into human host cells and to act as triggers of innate immunity upon carriage of nod1- and nod2-active pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). to improve our understanding of t ... | 2015 | 26381655 |
| the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin active subunit cdtb contains a cholesterol recognition sequence required for toxin binding and subunit internalization. | induction of cell cycle arrest in lymphocytes following exposure to the aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is dependent upon the integrity of lipid membrane microdomains. moreover, we have previously demonstrated that the association of cdt with target cells involves the cdtc subunit which binds to cholesterol via a cholesterol recognition amino acid consensus sequence (crac site). in this study, we demonstrate that the active cdt subunit, cdtb, also is capab ... | 2015 | 26216427 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin activates the nlrp3 inflammasome in human macrophages, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines. | the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is produced from a number of bacteria capable of causing infection and inflammatory disease. our previous studies with actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cdt demonstrate not only that the active toxin subunit functions as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (pip3) phosphatase but also that macrophages exposed to the toxin were stimulated to produce proinflammatory cytokines. we now demonstrate that the cdt-induced proinflammatory response involves th ... | 2015 | 25644004 |
| a journey of cytolethal distending toxins through cell membranes. | the multifunctional role of lipids as structural components of membranes, signaling molecules, and metabolic substrates makes them an ideal partner for pathogens to hijack host cell processes for their own survival. the properties and composition of unique membrane micro-domains such as membrane rafts make these regions a natural target for pathogens as it affords them an opportunity to hijack cell signaling and intracellular trafficking pathways. cytolethal distending toxins (cdts), members of ... | 2016 | 27559534 |
| impact of cdt toxin on human diseases. | cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is found in gram-negative bacteria, especially in certain proteobacteria such as the pasteurellaceae family, including haemophilus ducreyi and aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, in the enterobacteriaceae family and the campylobacterales order, including the campylobacter and helicobacter species. in vitro and in vivo studies have clearly shown that this toxin has a strong effect on cellular physiology (inflammation, immune response modulatio ... | 2016 | 27429000 |
| microbiological characterization in children with aggressive periodontitis. | the objective of this study was to characterize the subgingival microbiota of african-american children with localized aggressive periodontitis (lap). fifty-one children were included. subgingival plaque samples were taken from diseased (dd) and healthy sites (dh) in lap and from healthy sites in hs and hc and analyzed by 16s rrna-based microarrays. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa) was the only species found to be both more prevalent (or = 8.3, p = 0.0025) and abundant (p < 0.01) in dd ... | 2012 | 22863892 |
| proteomics of protein secretion by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | the extracellular proteome (secretome) of periodontitis-associated bacteria may constitute a major link between periodontitis and systemic diseases. to obtain an overview of the virulence potential of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, an oral and systemic human pathogen implicated in aggressive periodontitis, we used a combined lc-ms/ms and bioinformatics approach to characterize the secretome and protein secretion pathways of the rough-colony serotype a strain d7s. lc-ms/ms revealed 179 pr ... | 2012 | 22848560 |
| anaerobic culture to detect periodontal and caries pathogens. | anaerobic culture has been critical in our understanding of the oral microbiotas. | 2014 | 25678835 |
| antibacterial activity of myristica fragrans against oral pathogens. | myristica fragrans houtt is mostly cultivated for spices in penang island, malaysia. the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of flesh, mace and seed of myristica fragrans was evaluated the bactericidal potential against three gram-positive cariogenic bacteria (streptococcus mutans atcc 25175, streptococcus mitis atcc 6249, and streptococcus salivarius atcc 13419) and three gram-negative periodontopathic bacteria (aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans atcc 29522, porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 3327 ... | 2012 | 23049613 |
| evaluation of efficacy of tetracycline fibers in conjunction with scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis. | the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of scaling and root planing (srp) alone versus tetracycline fiber therapy used adjunctively with srp in the treatment of chronic periodontitis sites in maintenance patients. | 2012 | 23162335 |
| evaluation of the effect of probiotic (inersan®) alone, combination of probiotic with doxycycline and doxycycline alone on aggressive periodontitis - a clinical and microbiological study. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a probiotic (inersan®) alone, a combination of the probiotic with doxycycline and doxycycline alone on aggressive periodontitis patients. | 2013 | 23634432 |
| evaluation of moxifloxacin-hydroxyapatite composite graft in the regeneration of intrabony defects: a clinical, radiographic, and microbiological study. | the formation of new connective periodontal attachment is contingent upon the elimination or marked reduction of pathogens at the treated periodontal site. an anti-microbial agent, i.e. moxifloxacin has been incorporated into the bone graft to control infection and facilitate healing during and after periodontal therapy. | 2016 | 27630501 |
| comparison of the detection of periodontal pathogens in bacteraemia after tooth brushing by culture and molecular techniques. | the prevalence and amounts of periodontal pathogens detected in bacteraemia samples after tooth brushing-induced by means of four diagnostic technique, three based on culture and one in a molecular-based technique, have been compared in this study. | 2016 | 26946197 |
| the product of tadz, a new member of the para/mind superfamily, localizes to a pole in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans establishes a tenacious biofilm that is important for periodontal disease. the tad locus encodes the components for the secretion and biogenesis of flp pili, which are necessary for the biofilm to form. tadz is required, but its function has been elusive. we show that tadz genes belong to the para/mind superfamily of genes and that tadz from a. actinomycetemcomitans (aatadz) forms a polar focus in the cell independent of any other tad locus protein. mutation ... | 2012 | 22239271 |
| in vitro effect of porphyromonas gingivalis methionine gamma lyase on biofilm composition and oral inflammatory response. | methanethiol (methyl mercaptan) is an important contributor to oral malodour and periodontal tissue destruction. porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum are key oral microbial species that produce methanethiol via methionine gamma lyase (mgl) activity. the aim of this study was to compare an mgl knockout strain of p. gingivalis with its wild type using a 10-species biofilm co-culture model with oral keratinocytes and its effect on biofilm composition and infla ... | 2016 | 28033374 |
| assessing the progression of chronic periodontitis using subgingival pathogen levels: a 24-month prospective multicenter cohort study. | the diagnosis of the progression of periodontitis presently depends on the use of clinical symptoms (such as attachment loss) and radiographic imaging. the aim of the multicenter study described here was to evaluate the diagnostic use of the bacterial content of subgingival plaque recovered from the deepest pockets in assessing disease progression in chronic periodontitis patients. | 2017 | 28093069 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans groel protein promotes conversion of human cd4+ t cells into ifnγ il10 producing tbet+ th1 cells. | one of the heat shock family protein (hsp) expressing bacteria is the gram negative, periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (aa). a. actinomycetemcomitans' hsp is a 64-kda groel-protein, which has been shown to influence the host cells. in this study we used recombinant a. actinomycetemcomitans groel (raagroel) protein as a model antigen to study groel-mediated t cell immune response. human peripheral mononuclear cells (pbmcs), when stimulated with recombinant raagroel, expre ... | 2012 | 23152883 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane vesicles are internalized in human host cells and trigger nod1- and nod2-dependent nf-κb activation. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral and systemic pathogen associated with aggressive forms of periodontitis and with endocarditis. we recently demonstrated that outer membrane vesicles (omvs) disseminated by a. actinomycetemcomitans could deliver multiple proteins, including biologically active cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), into the cytosol of hela cells and human gingival fibroblasts (hgf). in the present work, we have used immunoelectron and confocal microscopy analysis and f ... | 2014 | 25024364 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: virulence of its leukotoxin and association with aggressive periodontitis. | periodontitis is an infection-induced inflammatory disease that causes loss of the tooth supporting tissues. much focus has been put on comparison of the microbial biofilm in the healthy periodontium with the diseased one. the information arising from such studies is limited due to difficulties to compare the microbial composition in these two completely different ecological niches. a few longitudinal studies have contributed with information that makes it possible to predict which individuals w ... | 2014 | 25494963 |
| qsebc, a two-component bacterial adrenergic receptor and global regulator of virulence in enterobacteriaceae and pasteurellaceae. | the qsebc two-component system (tcs) is associated with quorum sensing and functions as a global regulator of virulence. based on sequence similarity within the sensor domain and conservation of an acidic motif essential for signal recognition, qsebc is primarily distributed in the enterobacteriaceae and pasteurellaceae. in escherichia coli, qsec responds to autoinducer-3 and/or epinephrine/norepinephrine. binding of epinephrine/norepinephrine is inhibited by adrenergic antagonists; hence qsec f ... | 2015 | 26426681 |
| transcriptome profiling of wild-type and pga-knockout mutant strains reveal the role of exopolysaccharide in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | exopolysaccharides have a diverse set of functions in most bacteria including a mechanistic role in protecting bacteria against environmental stresses. among the many functions attributed to the exopolysaccharides, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, immune evasion and colonization have been studied most extensively. the exopolysaccharide produced by many gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria including the oral pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is the homopolymer of ... | 2015 | 26221956 |
| role and regulation of the flp/tad pilus in the virulence of pectobacterium atrosepticum scri1043 and pectobacterium wasabiae scc3193. | in this study, we characterized a putative flp/tad pilus-encoding gene cluster, and we examined its regulation at the transcriptional level and its role in the virulence of potato pathogenic enterobacteria of the genus pectobacterium. the flp/tad pilus-encoding gene clusters in pectobacterium atrosepticum, pectobacterium wasabiae and pectobacterium aroidearum were compared to previously characterized flp/tad gene clusters, including that of the well-studied flp/tad pilus model organism aggregati ... | 2013 | 24040039 |
| ultrastructural analysis of the rugose cell envelope of a member of the pasteurellaceae family. | bacterial membranes serve as selective environmental barriers and contain determinants required for bacterial colonization and survival. cell envelopes of gram-negative bacteria consist of an outer and an inner membrane separated by a periplasmic space. most gram-negative bacteria display a smooth outer surface (e.g., enterobacteriaceae), whereas members of the pasteurellaceae and moraxellaceae families show convoluted surfaces. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, an oral pathogen representat ... | 2013 | 23378507 |
| detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (musa paradisiaca l.) on porphyromonas gingivalis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study. | banana is used widely because of its nutritional values. in past, there are studies that show banana plant parts, and their fruits can be used to treat the human diseases. banana peel is a part of banana fruit that also has the antibacterial activity against microorganisms but has not been studied extensively. since, there are no studies that relate the antibacterial activity of banana peel against periodontal pathogens. hence, the aim of this study is to determine the antimicrobial activity of ... | 2015 | 26681854 |
| the conserved carboxyl domain of morc, an inner membrane protein of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, is essential for membrane function. | morphogenesis protein c (morc) of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is important for maintaining the membrane morphology and integrity of the cell envelope of this oral pathogen. the morc sequence and operon organization were found to be conserved in gammaproteobacteria, based on a bioinformatic analysis of 435 sequences from representative organisms. functional conservation of morc was investigated using an a. actinomycetemcomitans morc mutant as a model system to express morc homologs from ... | 2015 | 26205976 |
| microarray analysis of microbiota of gingival lesions in noma patients. | noma (cancrum oris) is a gangrenous disease of unknown etiology affecting the maxillo-facial region of young children in extremely limited resource countries. in an attempt to better understand the microbiological events occurring during this disease, we used phylogenetic and low-density microarrays targeting the 16s rrna gene to characterize the gingival flora of acute noma and acute necrotizing gingivitis (ang) lesions, and compared them to healthy control subjects of the same geographical and ... | 2013 | 24086784 |
| actinobacillus endocarditis associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | infective endocarditis can be associated with complex clinical presentations, sometimes with a difficult multi-disciplinary management. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans belongs to the haemophilus species, actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens and kingella species group, responsible for 5% to 10% of infective endocarditis in native heart valves. these organisms have slow fastidious growth pattern, often associated with negative cultures, and cause systemic emboli ... | 2012 | 22891010 |
| fenretinide inhibited de novo ceramide synthesis and proinflammatory cytokines induced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | ceramides play an essential role in modulating immune signaling pathways and proinflammatory cytokine production in response to infectious pathogens, stress stimuli, or chemotherapeutic drugs. in this study, we demonstrated that aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, the pathogen for aggressive periodontitis, induced de novo synthesis of ceramide in raw 264.7 cells. in addition, we identified that fenretinide, a synthetic retinoid, suppressed the de novo synthesis of ceramide induced by a. actin ... | 2013 | 23139430 |
| classification, identification, and clinical significance of haemophilus and aggregatibacter species with host specificity for humans. | the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the current classification and identification of haemophilus and aggregatibacter species with exclusive or predominant host specificity for humans. haemophilus influenzae and some of the other haemophilus species are commonly encountered in the clinical microbiology laboratory and demonstrate a wide range of pathogenicity, from life-threatening invasive disease to respiratory infections to a nonpathogenic, commensal lifestyle. new sp ... | 2014 | 24696434 |
| actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis in a 1.5 year old toddler. | the authors report a 1.5-year-old girl who developed actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa) endocarditis involving the pulmonic valve. she had a congenital cardiac abnormality, but no history of dental manipulation. the case illustrates an uncomplicated course with three unique features; the youngest reported infant with endocarditis caused by aa with vegetation on the pulmonic valve. she underwent a benign course with complete recovery. the authors report a 1.5-year-old girl who developed aa ... | 2010 | 22767569 |
| a pediatric case of cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis. | gram negative endocarditis is relatively rare in pediatrics but when they occur they are most frequently caused by one of the hacek (haemophilus species, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, c. hominis, eikenella corrodens and kingella kingae) group of microorganisms. within the hacek group of microorganisms there have been approximately 100 cases of cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis reported in the literature, but only 2 previous cases of endocarditis and one case of pericarditis have been ... | 2013 | 24470958 |
| antibiofilm activity of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 capsular polysaccharide. | cell-free extracts isolated from colony biofilms of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 were found to inhibit biofilm formation by staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, but not by a. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 itself, in a 96-well microtiter plate assay. physical and chemical analyses indicated that the antibiofilm activity in the extract was due to high-molecular-weight polysaccharide. extracts isolated from a mutant strain deficient in the pro ... | 2013 | 23691104 |
| construction of new cloning, lacz reporter and scarless-markerless suicide vectors for genetic studies in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | to elucidate the putative function of a gene, effective tools are required for genetic characterization that facilitate its inactivation, deletion or modification on the bacterial chromosome. in the present study, the nucleotide sequence of the escherichia coli/aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans shuttle vector pygk was determined, allowing us to redesign and construct a new shuttle cloning vector, pjt4, and promoterless lacz transcriptional/translational fusion plasmids, pjt3 and pjt5. plasmi ... | 2013 | 23353051 |
| cardiobacterium hominis-induced acute dacryocystitis and lacrimal abscess. | cardiobacterium hominis is a member of the hacek (haemophilus sp., actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, c. hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae) group commonly associated with endocarditits and is normally present in the respiratory tract. we describe the first case of acute dacryocystitis with lacrimal abscess caused by c. hominis along with a brief review of the literature. the patient responded to oral and topical ciprofloxacin after incision and drainage and awaits dacryocystor ... | 2014 | 24008805 |
| ischemic stroke and septic shock after subacute endocarditis caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae: case report. | haemophilus parainfluenzae, which belongs to the hacek (haemophilus ssp, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae) group, is a rare cause of subacute endocarditis and may lead to ischemic stroke. a 65-year-old female patient previously diagnosed with rheumatic valve disease was submitted to surgical mitral valve repair in 1996. physical examination did not reveal any murmurs; physical examination of the lungs and abdomen was normal. ... | 2016 | 27924179 |
| mature biofilm degradation by potential probiotics: aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans versus lactobacillus spp. | the biofilm degradation of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is essential as a complete periodontal disease therapy, and here we show the effects of potential probiotic bacteria such as lactobacillus spp. for the biofilm of several serotypes of a. actinomycetemcomitans strains. eight of the 13 species showed the competent biofilm degradation of ≥ 90% reduction in biofilm values in a. actinomycetemcomitans y4 (serotype b) as well as four of the seven species for the biofilm of a. actinomycete ... | 2016 | 27438340 |
| inner-membrane protein morc is involved in fimbriae production and biofilm formation in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | fimbrial subunit synthesis, secretion and assembly on the surface of the periodontal pathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are essential for biofilm formation. a recent quantitative proteomics study employing an afimbriated strain and a developed mutant isogenic for the inner-membrane protein morphogenesis protein c (morc) revealed that the abundance of the proteins of the fimbrial secretion apparatus in the membrane is dependent on morc. to investigate further the relationship between ... | 2016 | 26796329 |
| ll-37 opsonizes and inhibits biofilm formation of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at subbactericidal concentrations. | host defense peptides are immediate responders of the innate immunity that express antimicrobial, immunoregulatory, and wound-healing activities. neutrophils are a major source for oral host defense peptides, and phagocytosis by neutrophils is a major mechanism for bacterial clearance in the gingival tissue. dysfunction of or reduction in the numbers of neutrophils or deficiency in the ll-37 host defense peptide was each previously linked with proliferation of oral aggregatibacter actinomycetemc ... | 2013 | 23836819 |
| leukotoxin (leukothera®) targets active leukocyte function antigen-1 (lfa-1) protein and triggers a lysosomal mediated cell death pathway. | leukotoxin (ltxa) is a protein toxin that is secreted from the oral bacterium, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. ltxa targets specifically the β(2) integrin, leukocyte function antigen-1 (lfa-1) on white blood cells (wbcs) and causes cell death. ltxa preferentially targets activated wbcs and is being developed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of wbc diseases such as hematologic malignancies and autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. however, the mechanism by which interaction between ltx ... | 2012 | 22467872 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin cytotoxicity occurs through bilayer destabilization. | the gram-negative bacterium, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, is a common inhabitant of the human upper aerodigestive tract. the organism produces an rtx (repeats in toxin) toxin (ltxa) that kills human white blood cells. ltxa is believed to be a membrane-damaging toxin, but details of the cell surface interaction for this and several other rtx toxins have yet to be elucidated. initial morphological studies suggested that ltxa was bending the target cell membrane. because the ability of a ... | 2012 | 22309134 |
| membrane association and destabilization by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin requires changes in secondary structures. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a common inhabitant of the upper aerodigestive tract of humans and non-human primates and is associated with disseminated infections, including lung and brain abscesses, pediatric infective endocarditis, and localized aggressive periodontitis. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secretes a repeats-in-toxin protein, leukotoxin, which exclusively kills lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-bearing cells. the toxin's pathological mechanism is not fully ... | 2013 | 23678967 |
| sialic acid residues are essential for cell lysis mediated by leukotoxin from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | leukotoxin (ltxa) from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is known to target and lyse β2-integrin-expressing cells such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. ltxa is an important virulence factor that facilitates chronic inflammation and is strongly associated with a fast-progressing form of periodontitis caused by the jp2 clone of the bacterium. here, we show that sialic acid residues are important for ltxa-induced cell lysis, regardless of whether the cell express β2-integrin or ... | 2014 | 24643533 |
| inhibition of ltxa toxicity by blocking cholesterol binding with peptides. | the leukotoxin (ltxa) produced by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans kills host immune cells, allowing the bacterium to establish an ecological niche in the upper aerodigestive tract of its human host. the interaction of ltxa with human immune cells is both complex and multifaceted, involving membrane lipids as well as cell-surface proteins. in the initial encounter with the host cell, ltxa associates with lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, a cell surface adhesion glycoprotein. however ... | 2015 | 26352738 |
| role of exopolysaccharide in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced bone resorption in a rat model for periodontal disease. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans a causative agent of periodontal disease in humans, forms biofilm on biotic and abiotic surfaces. a. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm is heterogeneous in nature and is composed of proteins, extracellular dna and exopolysaccharide. to explore the role played by the exopolysaccharide in the colonization and disease progression, we employed genetic reduction approach using our rat model of a. actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontitis. to this end, a genetically ... | 2015 | 25706999 |
| novel iron-regulated and fur-regulated small regulatory rnas in aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. | iron can regulate biofilm formation via non-coding small rna (srna). to determine if iron-regulated srnas are involved in biofilm formation by the periodontopathogen aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, total rna was isolated from bacteria cultured with iron supplementation or chelation. transcriptional analysis demonstrated that the expression of four srna molecules (ja01-ja04) identified by bioinformatics was significantly upregulated in iron-limited medium compared with iron-rich medium. a ... | 2012 | 22958383 |
| haemophilus aphrophilus associated spleen abscess: an unusual presentation of subacute endocarditis. | the hacek group of bacteria (haemophilus spp., actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, kingella spp.), is uncommon pathogens of infective endocarditis, but can cause life-threatening events such as heart failure or formation of lethal emboli. here we report a 58-year-old asian man with a past history of congenital valvular heart disease who presented with sudden onset of left flank pain followed by fever with chills for 2 weeks. abdominal computed tomo ... | 2012 | 22719808 |