| comparative study between pcr and microscopic examination in diagnosing entamoeba histolytica. | differentiation between e. histolytica and non pathogenic species as entamoeba dispar, which are morphologically identical species, is essential for rapid treatment decision, precaution of the invasive disease and public health. this study evaluated the real time pcr for detection of intestinal amoebiasis in comparison with microscopic examination. stool samples were obtained from symptomatic 40 patients from outpatient clinic of benha university hospitals and benha educational hospital. twenty ... | 2011 | 21634245 |
| evaluation of enzyme immunoassay techniques for diagnosis of the most common intestinal protozoa in fecal samples. | objective: this study was designed to evaluate the antigen capture enzyme immunoassays (eias) triage parasite panel and techlab entamoeba histolytica ii in detecting giardia intestinalis, cryptosporidium sp, and entamoeba histolytica in fecal samples in comparison to microscopy, and in differentiating entamoeba histolytica from entamoeba dispar. methods: the triage eia was evaluated using 100 stool specimens that were tested by standard ova and parasite examination, including staining with both ... | 2011 | 21636305 |
| structure and biochemical characterization of proliferating cellular nuclear antigen from a parasitic protozoon. | proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (pcna) is a toroidal-shaped protein that is involved in cell-cycle control, dna replication and dna repair. parasitic protozoa are early-diverged eukaryotes that are responsible for neglected diseases. in this work, a pcna from a parasitic protozoon was identified, cloned and biochemically characterized and its crystal structure was determined. structural and biochemical studies demonstrate that pcna from entamoeba histolytica assembles as a homotrimer that ... | 2011 | 21636889 |
| evaluation of small-subunit rrna touchdown polymerase chain reaction for direct detection of entamoeba histolytica in human pus samples from patients with amoebic liver abscess. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of touchdown polymerase chain reaction (td-pcr) for the detection of entamoeba histolytica in liver pus samples obtained from patients with a clinical diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess (ala) using small-subunit rrna (ssu rrna) as the target gene. | 2011 | 21654108 |
| entamoeba histolytica cathepsin-like enzymes : interactions with the host gut. | cysteine proteases of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica are key virulence factors involved in overcoming host defences. these proteases are cathepsin-like enzymes with a cathepsin-l like structure, but cathepsin-b substrate specificity. in the host intestine, amoeba cysteine proteases cleave colonic mucins and degrade secretory immunoglobulin (ig) a and igg rendering them ineffective. they also act on epithelial tight junctions and degrade the extracellular matrix to promote cell deat ... | 2011 | 21660659 |
| risk factors for entamoeba histolytica infection in an agricultural community in hanam province, vietnam. | entamoeba histolytica is an important protozoan intestinal infection in resource-poor settings, including vietnam. the study objective was to assess risk factors of e. histolytica infection in a community in vietnam, where wastewater and human excreta are used in agriculture. a case-control study was conducted among residents of hanam province, northern vietnam. cases (n = 46) infected with e. histolytica and non-infected controls (n = 138) were identified in a cross-sectional survey among 794 r ... | 2011 | 21663665 |
| host-parasite interactions in entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar: what have we learned from their genomes? | invasive amoebiasis caused by entamoeba histolytica is a major global health problem. virulence is a rare outcome of infection, occurring in fewer than 1 in 10 infections. not all strains of the parasite are equally virulent and understanding the mechanisms and causes of virulence is an important goal of entamoeba research. the sequencing of the genome of e. histolytica and the related avirulent species entamoeba dispar has allowed whole-genome scale analyses of genetic divergence and differenti ... | 2011 | 21810102 |
| intestinal parasitic infections among children in central albania. | although intestinal parasitic infections (ipi) among children remain a global issue, the current information on such infections in albanian children is very limited. a cross-sectional study of the ipi in 321 children living in the albanian counties of tirana (152) and elbasan (169) was therefore conducted in 2008, with a pre-tested standard questionnaire employed to gather the relevant personal and clinical data. using formalin-ether concentration and permanent stains, stool samples were examine ... | 2011 | 21801503 |
| factors associated with high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among patients in sana'a city, yemen. | intestinal protozoan diseases in yemen are a significant health problem with prevalence ranging from 18% to 27%. the present study is a cross-sectional study aimed at determining the factors associated with the high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among patients seeking health care in sana'a city, the capital of yemen. | 2011 | 21789210 |
| pathogenic bacteria prime the induction of toll-like receptor signalling in human colonic cells by the gal/galnac lectin carbohydrate recognition domain of entamoebahistolytica. | in mixed intestinal infections with entamoeba histolytica trophozoites and enteropathogenic bacteria, which are wide-spread in areas of endemic amebiasis, interaction between the pathogens could be an important factor in the occurrence of invasive disease. it has been reported that exposure of human colonic cells to enteropathogenic bacteria increased trophozoite adherence to the cells and their subsequent damage. we report here that the carbohydrate recognition domain (crd) of the amebic gal/ga ... | 2011 | 21787776 |
| [the epidemiology research of blastocystis hominis in the dokuz eylül university medical faculty hospital between 2005 and 2009]. | objective: an investigation of blastocystis hominis (b. hominis) prevalance in 17756 patients with gastrointestinal system complaints who presented at the parasitology laboratory of the dokuz eylul university medical faculty hospital between january 2005 and december 2009 was carried out. methods: fecal samples of all patients were examined using the native-lugol and trichrome and kinyoun acid-fast staining method after sedimentation in fecal concentration tubes. results: one or more parasites w ... | 2011 | 21776590 |
| enteric parasites prevalence at saint camille medical centre in ouagadougou, burkina faso. | to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections among patients attending saint camille medical centre and to estimate co-parasitic infections rates. | 2011 | 21771685 |
| burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in burkina faso. | objective: there is limited information available regarding the etiology of gastrointestinal infections in burkina faso. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of enteric pathogens causing gastroenteritis in young children, with a focus on rotavirus, and to investigate the levels of malnutrition and other clinical factors in association with the severity of diarrhea. methods: a prospective study was undertaken from may 2009 to march 2010, covering the rainy and ... | 2011 | 21763172 |
| entamoeba histolyticaelectrondense granules secretion in vitro and in vivo: ultrastructural study. | electron dense granules (edgs) were identified by transmission electron microscopy in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites recovered from hamster liver lesions. abundant granules were present in trophozoites recovered after 15 min of liver inoculation. variation in the size and morphology of these edgs was also observed. numerous granules were present in the plasma membrane when these parasites were incubated for 5 min with mdck monolayers. release of these edgs was suggested by the presence of gr ... | 2011 | 21761501 |
| evidence of gene conversion in genes encoding the gal/galnac lectin complex of entamoeba. | the human gut parasite entamoeba histolytica, uses a lectin complex on its cell surface to bind to mucin and to ligands on the intestinal epithelia. binding to mucin is necessary for colonisation and binding to intestinal epithelia for invasion, therefore blocking this binding may protect against amoebiasis. acquired protective immunity raised against the lectin complex should create a selection pressure to change the amino acid sequence of lectin genes in order to avoid future detection. we pre ... | 2011 | 21738808 |
| intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, italy, 1 may 2006 to 31 december 2008. | intestinal parasites account for the majority of parasitic diseases, particularly in endemic areas. most are transmitted via contaminated food. because of increased immigration and travel, enteric parasitoses are now distributed worldwide. between may 2006 and december 2008, we examined stool specimens from 5,351 patients (4,695 italians, 656 non-italians) for ova and parasites using microscopy, culture techniques, and molecular methods. stools from 594 patients (11.1%) were contaminated and for ... | 2011 | 21699767 |
| interactions of diarrhea, pneumonia, and malnutrition in childhood: recent evidence from developing countries. | this review highlights recent progress toward understanding complex interactions between diarrhea, pneumonia, and undernutrition among children in low-income and middle-income countries. | 2011 | 21734569 |
| detection of zoonotic intestinal parasites in public parks of spain. potential epidemiological role of microsporidia. | several studies have demonstrated that the soil of public parks presents an important source of infection which has a significant impact on public health. children are the main group affected by accidentally ingestion of contaminated soil. this study was performed in order to identify the presence of zoonotic parasites in dog and cat faecal and soil samples from public parks of madrid, spain. six hundred twenty-five and seventy-nine soil and faecal samples (presumably from dogs and cats) respect ... | 2011 | 21824364 |
| synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of novel 2,4,6-trisubstituted bis-pyrimidine derivatives. | a new series of 2,4,6-trisubstituted bis-pyrimidines were synthesized and evaluated for in-ávitro antiamoebic activity against hm1:imss strain of entamoeba histolytica. out of 16 compounds 8 compounds have shown ic(50) values in the range of 0.10-1.86-á++m. bis-pyrimidine having methyl-, methoxy-, thiomethyl- and dimehyl-phenyl substituents, exhibited higher antiamoebic activity than the reference drug metronidazole (ic(50)-á=-á1.9-á++m). the toxicological studies of active compounds on pc12-rat ... | 2011 | 21683483 |
| glucose starvation boosts entamoeba histolytica virulence. | the unicellular parasite, entamoeba histolytica, is exposed to numerous adverse conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, during its life cycle stages in the human host. in the present study, we examined whether the parasite virulence could be influenced by glucose starvation (gs). the migratory behaviour of the parasite and its capability to kill mammalian cells and to lyse erythrocytes is strongly enhanced following gs. in order to gain insights into the mechanism underlying the gs boosting ef ... | 2011 | 21829737 |
| sulfate activation in mitosomes plays an important role in the proliferation of entamoeba histolytica. | mitochondrion-related organelles, mitosomes and hydrogenosomes, are found in a phylogenetically broad range of organisms. their components and functions are highly diverse. we have previously shown that mitosomes of the anaerobic/microaerophilic intestinal protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica have uniquely evolved and compartmentalized a sulfate activation pathway. although this confined metabolic pathway is the major function in e. histolytica mitosomes, their physiological role remains unk ... | 2011 | 21829746 |
| cryptosporidium and other enteric parasitic infections in hiv-seropositive individuals with and without diarrhoea in osogbo, nigeria. | the primary objective of this cross-sectional study is to correlate the presence of cryptosporidium and other gastrointestinal parasites with the presence of diarrhoea in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. stool samples from 96 hiv-seropositive cases were examined for non-opportunistic parasites using the direct and formol-ether concentration methods, while the modified ziehl-neelsen technique was used to detect cryptosporidium spp. the overall prevalence of cryptosporidium sp ... | 2011 | 21706918 |
| prostaglandin e(2) produced by entamoeba histolytica signals via ep4 receptor and alters claudin-4 to increase ion permeability of tight junctions. | entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amebic dysentery characterized by severe watery diarrhea. unfortunately, the parasitic factors involved in the pathogenesis of diarrhea are poorly defined. prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) is a host lipid mediator associated with diarrheal diseases. intriguingly, e. histolytica produces and secretes this inflammatory molecule. we investigated the mechanism whereby ameba-derived pge(2) induces the onset of diarrhea by altering ion permeability ... | 2011 | 21683675 |
| [indications for pcr in travel medicine]. | the use of pcr-based molecular diagnosis in travel medicine remains limited to specific indications such as clinical suspicion of some of the viral hemorrhagic fevers (e.g. ebola, marburg), differential diagnosis between entamoeba histolytica (pathogen) and e. dispar (non pathogen) in the stools, and parasitological diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. the scope of indications is likely to expand in the coming years with the development of techniques (e.g. multiplex pcr) able to identify severa ... | 2011 | 21692311 |
| amoebic liver abscess with negative serologic markers for entamoeba histolytica: mind the gap! | a 38-year-old male german traveller returning from asia presented with fever, night sweats and abdominal complaints. abdominal ultrasonography revealed several fast-growing abscesses of the liver. three blood cultures as well as serologic investigations for the detection of antibodies to entamoeba histolytica, performed on day 3 and 7 after the onset of clinical symptoms, remained negative. stool microscopy revealed the presence of amoeba cysts compatible with e. histolytica infection. taking bo ... | 2011 | 21735108 |
| epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic data on intestinal infections with entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar among returning travelers. | background: among travelers returning from the tropics, entamoeba spp. are among the most frequently detected intestinal parasites, mainly the presumable apathogenic e. dispar and the pathogenic e. histolytica. methods: among 5,378 travelers seeking diagnosis and treatment for intestinal infections at the travel clinic of the university of munich between 2005 and 2009, 103 laboratory-confirmed amebiasis cases were detected. the study compares the results of various diagnostic tests among these p ... | 2011 | 21717146 |
| mechanism of trifluoromethionine resistance in entamoeba histolytica. | objectives to determine the mechanism of trifluoromethionine resistance in entamoeba histolytica and evaluate the impact of acquired drug resistance on virulence. methods trifluoromethionine-resistant amoebae were selected in vitro and examined for cross-resistance to antiamoebic drugs, stability of resistance, methionine +¦-lyase (mgl) activity, cell adhesion and virulence. targeted gene silencing was performed to confirm the role of ehmgl. results trophozoites with a resistance index of 154 we ... | 2011 | 21676903 |
| novel terpene based 1,4,2-dioxazoles: synthesis, characterization, molecular properties and screening against entamoeba histolytica. | in present investigation a series of 20 dioxazole analogues (1-20) were synthesized, characterized and subjected to molecular properties prediction, anti-amoebic screening and cytotoxicity evaluation. out of the twenty compounds viz. 3,5-substituted-1,4,2-dioxazoles, six compounds have shown ic(50) values in the range (1.00-1.10-á++m) lower than the standard drug metronidazole (ic(50)-á=-á1.45-á++m). the toxicological studies of the active compounds on h9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts showed that all ... | 2011 | 21715066 |
| a case of amoebic liver abscess complicated by a gastric fistula cured with oral medication only. | a 26-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a high-grade fever and abdominal pain. a blood test showed marked inflammation. enhanced computed tomography (ct) showed an 8.0+ù6.0cm cystic lesion in the left hepatic lobe. esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a huge egg-yolk-like mass in the gastric submucosa in the lesser curvature of the gastric body from the gastric angle. there were 3 ulcers on the mass, out of which milky pus flowed. trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica were detecte ... | 2011 | 21817845 |
| nox1 participates in ros-dependent cell death of colon epithelial caco2 cells induced by entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica, which causes amebic colitis and occasional liver abscesses in humans, can induce host cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. recently, we have demonstrated that e. histolytica can induce cell death in neutrophils via diphenyleneiodonium-sensitive nadph oxidase (nox)-derived reactive oxygen species (ros). although there are enzyme systems similar to the phagocyte nadph oxidase system in many non-phagocytic cell types, the signaling role of nox-derived ros in cell death ... | 2011 | 21723410 |
| invasion mechanisms among emerging food-borne protozoan parasites. | food-borne parasitic diseases, many known to be more prevalent in poor countries with deficient sanitary conditions, are becoming common worldwide. among the emerging protozoan parasites, the most prominent is trypanosoma cruzi, rarely reported in the past to be transmitted by the oral route but currently responsible for frequent outbreaks of acute cases of chagas disease contracted orally and characterized by high mortality. several other food-borne protozoans considered emerging include the ap ... | 2011 | 21840261 |
| novelties on amoebiasis: a neglected tropical disease. | in accordance with the 1997 documents of the world health organization (who), amoebiasis is defined as the infection by the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica with or without clinical manifestations. the only known natural host of e. histolytica is the human with the large intestine as major target organ. this parasite has a very simple life cycle in which the infective form is the cyst, considered a resistant form of parasite: the asymptomatic cyst passers and the intestinal amoebiasis pa ... | 2011 | 21731305 |
| calpains are involved in entamoeba histolytica-induced death of ht-29 colonic epithelial cells. | entamoeba histolytica is an enteric tissue-invading protozoan parasite that can cause amebic colitis and liver abscess in humans. e. histolytica has the capability to kill colon epithelial cells in vitro; however, information regarding the role of calpain in colon cell death induced by ameba is limited. in this study, we investigated whether calpains are involved in the e. histolytica-induced cell death of ht-29 colonic epithelial cells. when ht-29 cells were co-incubated with e. histolytica, th ... | 2011 | 21738275 |
| erythema nodosum-like lesions in a renal transplant recipient. | | 2011 | 21690541 |
| structure analysis of entamoeba histolytica enolase. | entamoeba histolytica enolase (eheno) reversibly interconverts 2-phosphoglyceric acid (2-pga) and phosphoenolpyruvic acid (pep). the crystal structure of the homodimeric eheno is presented at a resolution of 1.9ôçà+à. in the crystal structure eheno presents as an asymmetric dimer with one active site in the open conformation and the other active site in the closed conformation. interestingly, both active sites contain a copurified 2-pga molecule. while the 2-pga molecule in the closed active sit ... | 2011 | 21697600 |
| Intestinal Parasite Screening in Internationally Adopted Children: Importance of Multiple Stool Specimens. | Objective: Our goal was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in internationally adopted children, to examine factors associated with infection, and to determine if evaluating multiple stool specimens increases the yield of parasite identification. Methods: We evaluated internationally adopted children with at least 1 stool specimen submitted for ova and parasite testing within 120 days after arrival to the United States. In children submitting 3 stool specimens, in which at least ... | 2011 | 21824880 |
| benzotriazoles and indazoles are scaffolds with biological activity against entamoeba histolytica. | parasitic infections caused by entamoeba histolytica are still major threats against public health, especially in developing countries. although current therapies exist, the problems associated with parasite resistance and negative side effects make it imperative to search for new therapeutic agents. a systematic scaffold analysis reported herein of a public database containing 474 antiamoebic compounds reveals that benzimidazole is the most active scaffold reported thus far. to gain insights in ... | 2011 | 21821786 |
| Rab7 and actin cytoskeleton participate during mobilization of +¦1EHFNR in fibronectin-stimulated Entamoeba histolyticatrophozoites. | In vitro interaction of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites with fibronectin (FN) induces redistribution of the amoebic fibronectin receptor (+¦1EhFNR). Trafficking of beta1 integrins is important for cell adhesion and migration in higher eukaryotes and requires the participation of Rab proteins. In E. histolytica, the machinery involved in integrin trafficking is not completely known. EhRab7 is a 24.5-kDa protein whose alignment with other Rab7 proteins demonstrated that it shared significant ho ... | 2011 | 21823201 |
| study of parasitic infection among children of sukumbasi basti in kathmandu valley. | keeping in view of heavy burden of intestinal parasitosis, present study was done to find out the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in children (aged <16 years) of sukumbasi (people living without land ownership) basti (community) in kathmandu valley. a total of 279 stool samples collected in clean, dry and screw capped plastic container were firstly examined for the presence of adult worm and/or segments of worms. samples fixed in 10% formal-saline were then examined microscopically ... | 2011 | 21991692 |
| Prevalence and risk factors of helminths and intestinal protozoa infections among children from primary schools in western Tajikistan. | Intestinal parasitic infections represent a public health problem in Tajikistan, but epidemiological evidence is scarce. The present study aimed at assessing the extent of helminths and intestinal protozoa infections among children of 10 schools in four districts of Tajikistan, and to make recommendations for control. | 2011 | 21981979 |
| Synchronous tumor with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and ameboma. | | 2011 | 21947830 |
| entamoeba histolytica induces intestinal cathelicidins but is resistant to cathelicidin-mediated killing. | the enteric protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica is the cause of potentially fatal amebic colitis and liver abscesses. e. histolytica trophozoites colonize the colon, where they induce inflammation, penetrate the mucosa, and disrupt the host immune system. the early establishment of e. histolytica in the colon occurs in the presence of antimicrobial human (ll-37) and murine (cramp [cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide]) cathelicidins, essential components of the mammalian innate defense sy ... | 2012 | 22083705 |
| Coinfection of schistosoma (trematoda) with bacteria, protozoa and helminths. | This review examines coinfection of selected species of Schistosoma with bacteria, protozoa and helminths and focuses on the effects of the coinfection on the hosts. The review is based mainly on tables that contain the salient information on the coinfecting organisms in vertebrate hosts. Further explanation and clarification of the tables are given in the text. A table is also provided that gives synoptic information on the 37 species in the 19 genera considered in this review. Coinfection stud ... | 2011 | 22137582 |
| Contribution of enteric infection, altered intestinal barrier function, and maternal malnutrition to infant malnutrition in bangladesh. | Background. Malnourished children are at increased risk for death due to diarrhea. Our goal was to determine the contribution of specific enteric infections to malnutrition-associated diarrhea and to determine the role of enteric infections in the development of malnutrition. Methods. Children from an urban slum in Bangladesh were followed for the first year of life by every-other-day home visits. Enteropathogens were identified in diarrheal and monthly surveillance stools; intestinal barrier fu ... | 2012 | 22109945 |
| Virulence of Entamoeba histolytica is upregulated by short-term glucose starvation. | Evaluation of: Tovy A, Hertz R, Siman-Tov R et al. Glucose starvation boosts Entamoeba histolytica virulence. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 5(8), e1247 (2011). Intestinal parasites of the large intestine interact with bacteria and cell debris, and potentially with intestinal epithelium. Entamoeba histolytica lives in the colon and because of unknown reasons, trophozoites become invasive and also differentiate into cysts. In this article, Tovy and colleagues studied the effect of glucose on amoeba starva ... | 2011 | 22122437 |
| Redox-active antiparasitic drugs. | Significance: Parasitic diseases affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide and represent major health problems. Treatment is becoming extremely difficult due to the emergence of drug-resistance, the absence of effective vaccines and the spread of insecticide-resistant vectors. Thus, identification of affordable and readily available drugs against resistant parasites is of global demand. Recent Advances: Susceptibility of many parasites to oxidative stress is a well-known phenomenon. There ... | 2011 | 22122517 |
| Comparative study of entero-parasitic infections among HIV sero-positive and sero-negative patients in Lagos, Nigeria. | Intestinal parasites are endemic in many parts of the world where HIV infection is also widespread. Previous studies had shown that the spectrum of opportunistic and common endemic parasitic infections with HIV vary in different regions and usually reflect the infections prevalent in these regions. This present study was aimed at comparing the prevalence and types of intestinal parasitic infections in HIV sero-positive and sero-negative patients in Lagos. | 2011 | 21896269 |
| role of conserved active site tryptophan-101 in functional activity and stability of phosphoserine aminotransferase from an enteric human parasite. | site-directed mutagenesis study was performed to elucidate the role of conserved tryptophan-101 present at the active site of phosphoserine aminotransferase from an enteric human parasite entamoeba histolytica. fluorescence resonance energy transfer and molecular dynamic simulation show that the indole ring of trp101 stacks with the cofactor plp. loss of enzymatic activity and plp polarization values suggest that trp101 plays a major role in maintaining a defined plp microen ... | 2011 | 22038178 |
| cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in j774a macrophages. | cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes (cnts) is a prime concern for its use as antigen carriers. here we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of unpurified (up-cnts), purified (p-cnts), fluorescein isothiocyanate-functionalized (fitc-cnts), and entamoeba histolytica 220-kda lectin-functionalized cnts (l220-cnts) in j774a macrophage (mos) cell line. cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed by mtt and tunel assays, respectively. cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chai ... | 2011 | 22033080 |
| p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and NADPH Oxidase (NOX) are cytoprotective determinants in the trophozoite-induced apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | In a host-parasite interaction model, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were co-incubated with trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica to determine if the cytotoxic killing of PBMCs involves (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Experimental PBMC populations were pre-treated with diphenylene iodonium chloride to inhibit NOX, N-acetylcysteine to inhibit p47(phox) (a subunit of NOX), and SB202190 to inhibit p38 MAPK, with co-suppression ... | 2011 | 22014391 |
| Amebiasis in HIV-1-infected Japanese men: clinical features and response to therapy. | Invasive amebic diseases caused by Entamoeba histolytica are increasing among men who have sex with men and co-infection of ameba and HIV-1 is an emerging problem in developed East Asian countries. To characterize the clinical and epidemiological features of invasive amebiasis in HIV-1 patients, the medical records of 170 co-infected cases were analyzed retrospectively, and E. histolytica genotype was assayed in 14 cases. In this series of HIV-1-infected patients, clinical presentation of invasi ... | 2011 | 21931875 |
| Cryptosporidium gastroenteritis in Egyptian children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: magnitude of the problem. | PURPOSE: Cryptosporidium species is considered to be an important cause of significant morbidity in immunocompromised individuals. A prospective case-control study of sporadic diarrhea due to Cryptosporidium infection was conducted on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS: Forty children with ALL on maintenance chemotherapy according to the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (BF ... | 2011 | 22189516 |
| how common is intestinal parasitism in hiv-infected patients in malaysia? | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals have greater susceptibility to infections by a myriad of microorganisms which can cause significant morbidity and mortality compared to immunocompetent individuals. of these microbial infections, intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) however are receiving less attention than bacterial and viral infections, hence, the lack of information of parasitic infections in hiv individuals. prevalence of ipis among 346 hiv-infected individuals in mal ... | 2011 | 22041762 |
| entamoeba lysyl-trna synthetase contains a cytokine-like domain with chemokine activity towards human endothelial cells. | immunological pressure encountered by protozoan parasites drives the selection of strategies to modulate or avoid the immune responses of their hosts. here we show that the parasite entamoeba histolytica has evolved a chemokine that mimics the sequence, structure, and function of the human cytokine hsemapii (homo sapiens endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide ii). this entamoeba emapii-like polypeptide (eelp) is translated as a domain attached to two different aminoacyl-trna synthetases (aa ... | 2011 | 22140588 |
| microwave-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedure. | here we demonstrate a novel microwave-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (melisa) method that has dramatically reduced the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) timing to less than 5min with a result comparable to that obtained by 18-h conventional elisa. efficacy of the melisa procedure is demonstrated by detecting human immunoglobulin g (igg), rabbit igg, human immunoglobulin e (ige), human interleuken 1β (il-1β), entamoeba histolytica antibody, and aspergillus fumigatus antibody. ... | 2011 | 22033289 |
| [Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Frequency and phylogenetic relationship of Blastocystis sp. from Mexican patients]. | Introduction: Recent studies reported increased presence of Blastocystis in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and an etiologic role has been proposed. The pathogenic role of Blastocystis is controversial, because it is frequently found not only in individuals with enteric symptoms but also in healthy and asymptomatic subjects. Furthermore, there are few studies of blastocistosis in Mexico. Objective: To assess the frequency of Blastocystis sp. in IBS patients using molecular technique ... | 2011 | 22188955 |
| unique structural and nucleotide exchange features of the rho1 gtpase of entamoeba histolytica. | the single-celled human parasite entamoeba histolytica possesses a dynamic actin cytoskeleton vital for its intestinal and systemic pathogenicity. the e. histolytica genome encodes several rho family gtpases known to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics. ehrho1, the first family member identified, was reported to be insensitive to the rho gtpase-specific clostridium botulinum c3 exoenzyme, raising the possibility that it may be a misclassified ras family member. here, we report the crystal structures ... | 2011 | 21930699 |
| Bis(oxyphenylene)benzimidazoles: A novel class of anti-Plasmodium falciparum agents. | A small library of 26 2,2'-[alkane-a,?-diylbis(oxyphenylene)]bis-1H-benzimidazoles has been prepared and evaluated against Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. Among the tested compounds, eight derivatives (17, 19, 20, 24, 27, 30, 32 and 35) exhibited an anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity characterized by IC(50) values in the range of 180-410nM (0.11-0.21µg/mL) and selectivity indexes (IC( ... | 2011 | 22061825 |
| colocutaneous fistula secondary to amoebiasis. | here we present an interesting and extremely rare case of a 66 year old male who developed a colocutaneous fistula secondary to amoebiasis. the patient presented with an acute history of right lower abdominal pain, weight loss and a palpable mass. a ct scan demonstrated a fluid filled cavity in the right iliac fossa consistent with an appendiceal abscess which was drained under radiological guidance. however, following drainage his symptoms remained requiring open surgical drainage, and a contro ... | 2011 | 22096684 |
| Expression analysis of Entamoeba invadens profilins in encystation and excystation. | Cell motility by actin cytoskeleton is essential for differentiation processes of excystation and encystation of Entamoeba. We recently studied an actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin (Cfl) of Entamoeba invadens (Ei), and demonstrated its contribution to the encystation and excystation of E. invadens through actin cytoskeletal reorganization. Profilin is also an actin-binding protein but its function is different from that of Cfl in actin assembly. This study investigated E. invadens profil ... | 2011 | 22179263 |
| Towards the establishment of a porcine model to study human amebiasis. | Entamoeba histolytica is an important parasite of the human intestine. Its life cycle is monoxenous with two stages: (i) the trophozoite, growing in the intestine and (ii) the cyst corresponding to the dissemination stage. The trophozoite in the intestine can live as a commensal leading to asymptomatic infection or as a tissue invasive form producing mucosal ulcers and liver abscesses. There is no animal model mimicking the whole disease cycle. Most of the biological information on E. histolytic ... | 2011 | 22205970 |
| applications of pcr (real-time and masstag) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in diagnosis of respiratory infections and diarrheal illness among deployed u.s. military personnel during exercise balikatan 2009, philippines. | laboratory-based surveillance for diarrheal and respiratory illness was conducted at the 2009 republic of the philippines-united states balikatan exercise to determine the presence of specific pathogens endemic in the locations where the military exercises were conducted. ten stool and 6 respiratory specimens were obtained from individuals meeting case definitions for diarrhea or respiratory illness. stool specimens were frozen in dry ice and remotely tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent ass ... | 2011 | 22128641 |
| antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of voacanga globosa (blanco) merr. leaf extract (apocynaceae). | to determine the antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, cytotoxic, and phytochemical properties of ethanol extracts of leaves of voacanga globosa (blanco) merr. (v. globosa). | 2011 | 22014741 |
| [longitudinal investigation on intestinal parasite infections among rural people in west dongting lake region]. | the nylon pocket concentration method and modified kato-katz technique were used to detect the eggs of intestinal parasites and the iodine smear method was used for the detection of protozoa among the rural population in west dongting lake region. the infection rate of parasites in 2006 was 11.84%, and it declined by 86.63%, 81.34%, and 47.28%, respectively, compared to the rates in 1983, 1993, and 2003. six major parasites were detected including ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura, fasci ... | 2011 | 22164496 |
| The Entamoeba histolytica methylated LINE-binding protein EhMLBP provides protection against heat shock. | Adaptation to environmental stress is a key process that allows the unicellular parasite Entamoeba histolytica to survive in its human host. We previously characterized EhMLBP as an essential protein for the growth and the virulence of the parasite. EhMLBP binds to methylated repetitive DNA, and is one of the core proteins of the parasite's epigenetic machinery. Here, we show that EhMLBP and heat shock proteins have common properties. EhMLBP is induced by heat shock and its expression is regulat ... | 2012 | 21899705 |
| molecular differentiation of entamoeba spp. in a rural community of loja province, south ecuador. | although previous epidemiological surveys in ecuador indicate the presence of entamoeba histolytica, prevalence data of this parasite remain scarce. most of the studies were based on microscopic examination, which does not allow a morphological differentiation from the non-pathogenic ent. dispar and ent. moshkovskii. in the present study, 674 stool samples from a south ecuadorian rural community were screened for entamoeba spp. subsequently, molecular identification was performed on 101 samples ... | 2011 | 21981992 |
| microbiological spectrum of brain abscess at a tertiary care hospital in south india: 24-year data and review. | intracranial abscesses are life-threatening infections that pose a diagnostic challenge not only to the neurosurgeon but also to the microbiologists. detailed studies documenting the spectrum of infecting agents involved in brain abscesses are limited from india. materials and methods. this is a retrospective analysis of 352 samples from 1987 to 2010 analyzed at a tertiary care hospital in south india from 1987 to 2010, to document the changing trends with time. results. the age of the patients ... | 2011 | 22191080 |
| mitosomes in trophozoites and cysts of the reptilian parasite entamoeba invadens. | heat shock protein genes led to the discovery of mitosomes in entamoeba histolytica, but mitosomes have not been described for any other entamoeba species, nor have they been identified in the cyst stage. here, we show that the distantly related reptilian pathogen entamoeba invadens contains mitosomes, in both trophozoites and cysts, suggesting all entamoeba species contain these organelles. | 2011 | 21965513 |
| localisation to lipid rafts correlates with increased function of the gal/galnac lectin in the human protozoan parasite, entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of dysentery and liver abscess and is prevalent in developing countries. adhesion to the host is critical to infection and is mediated by amoebic surface receptors. one such receptor, the gal/galnac lectin, binds to galactose or n-acetylgalactosamine residues on host components and consists of heavy (hgl), light (lgl) and intermediate (igl) subunits. the mechanism by which the lectin assembles into a functional complex is not known. the parasite also ... | 2011 | 22085647 |
| absence of cd38 delays arrival of neutrophils to the liver and innate immune response development during hepatic amoebiasis by entamoeba histolytica. | to define the role of cd38 in the migration of neutrophils to the liver and consequently in the induction of an innate immune response during murine hepatic amoebiasis by entamoeba histolytica, we examined amoebic liver abscess development (ala), presence of amoebae and neutrophils, and expression levels of cytokines and other inflammation mediators mrna, in infected wild-type and cd38 knockout (cd38ko) c57bl/6j mice. results showed that cd38ko mice undergo a delay in ala development in comparis ... | 2011 | 21919917 |
| pcr diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica cysts in stool samples. | amebiasis is a protozoan disease caused by entamoeba histolytica and a potential health threat in areas where sanitation and hygiene are inappropriate. highly sensitive pcr methods for detection of e. histolytica in clinical and environmental samples are extremely useful to control amebiasis and to promote public health. the present study compared several primer sets for small subunit (ssu) rdna and histone genes of e. histolytica cysts. a 246 bp of the ssu rdna gene of pure cysts contained in p ... | 2011 | 22072829 |
| intestinal parasitosis and shigellosis among diarrheal patients in gondar teaching hospital, northwest ethiopia. | abstract: | 2011 | 22041102 |
| antiprotozoal activity of proton-pump inhibitors. | parasitic diseases are still a major health problem in developing countries. in our effort to find new antiparasitic agents, in this letter we report the in vitro antiprotozoal activity of omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole and pantoprazole against trichomonas vaginalis, giardia intestinalis and entamoeba histolytica. molecular modeling studies were an important tool to highlight the potential antiprotozoal activity of these drugs. experimental evaluations revealed a strong activity for all c ... | 2011 | 22047694 |
| evaluation of amoebicidal potential of paneth cell cryptdin-2 against entamoeba histolytica. | background: amoebiasis is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. currently, metronidazole is the gold choice medication for the treatment of this disease. however, reports have indicated towards the possibility of development of metronidazole-resistance in entamoeba strains in near future. in view of the emergence of this possibility, in addition to the associated side effects and mutagenic ability of the currently available anti-amoebic drugs, there is a need to ex ... | 2011 | 22206022 |
| a novel entamoeba histolytica inositol phosphate kinase catalyzes the formation of 5pp-ins(1,2,3,4,6)p(5). | the parasitic protozoan entamoeba histolytica is able to invade human tissues by secreting proteolytic enzymes. this secretion is regulated by inositol phosphate-mediated ca(2+) release from internal stores. to further investigate the inositol phosphate metabolism of entamoeba histolytica four putative inositol phosphate kinase genes (ehipk1-4) were identified and their expression analyzed by real-time quantitative pcr using rna of trophozoites. furthermore inositol phosphate kinase ehipk1 was r ... | 2012 | 22001062 |
| Glu-108 is essential for subunit assembly and dimer stability of d-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase from Entamoeba histolytica. | d-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase catalyses the first step of phosphorylated serine biosynthesis pathway by oxidizing 3-phosphoglycerate, a glycolysis intermediate into phosphohydroxsy pyruvate. For Entamoeba histolytica this pathway is an integral part of the cysteine metabolism, which is considered to be vital for growth and survival of the parasite. Entamoeba histolyticad-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (EhPGDH) exists as a homodimer at pH 7. Mild acidic conditions induce significant changes in ... | 2011 | 22057349 |
| Transcriptional and functional analysis of trifluoromethionine resistance in Entamoeba histolytica. | OBJECTIVES: Drug resistance in parasitic protozoa is an obstacle to successful chemotherapy. Understanding how pathogens respond to drugs is crucial in preventing resistance. Previously, we have shown that in Entamoeba histolytica, methionine ?-lyase (EhMGL) downregulation results in trifluoromethionine resistance. The transcriptional response, however, of this parasite to the drug is not known. In this study, we used microarray analysis to determine whether additional genes are involved. METHOD ... | 2011 | 22110087 |
| Amoebic liver abscess production by Entamoeba dispar. | Although Entamoeba dispar displays a similar morphology to Entamoeba histolytica, cellular and molecular studies have revealed significant differences between these two amoebae, including the former being characterized as non-pathogenic and the later as pathogenic. However, recent in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that E. dispar strains of different origin are capable of causing liver damage and destroying cell culture lines in the presence of common intestinal bacter ... | 2012 | 22166569 |
| prevalence and epidemiology of intestinal parasitism, as revealed by three distinct techniques in an endemic area in the brazilian amazon. | this survey aims to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in santa isabel do rio negro, amazonian brazil, through three distinct techniques, correlating the prevalence rates with family income and age groups as well as assessing the household clustering of infections. prevalence rates were assessed through graham (n=113), baermann-moraes (n=232) and ritchie (n=463) methods. the graham method was adopted only for children under 5 years old, 15% of whom were positive for enter ... | 2011 | 22117850 |
| Clinical case of cerebral amebiasis caused by E. histolytica. | Although amebic brain abscess is a rare form of invasive amebiasis, when present, it is frequently lethal. This disorder always begins with the infection of the colon by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, which then travel to extra-intestinal tissues through the bloodstream. Amebic brain abscesses are produced when trophozoites invade the central nervous system. Computerized axial tomography scans can be used to diagnose the presence or absence of a brain abscess with a certainty of 100%. Howev ... | 2011 | 21870245 |
| bowel "infarction" in a postpartum patient. | | 2011 | 21984274 |
| Evaluation of the efficacy of a recombinant Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinase gene (EhCP5) antigen in Minipig. | Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinase gene 5(EhCP5) is one of the major proteinase genes of all EhCP-transcripts. The amebiasis cysteine proteinase gene encoding an antigen from E. histolytica, as well as the recombinant EhCP5, obtained by cloning and expression of the EhCP5 gene in heterologous host Escherichia coli BL-21 (DE3), were used to evaluate their ability to induce immune protective responses in Minipig against challenge infection in a minipig-E. histolytica model. There was a 52.2 ... | 2011 | 22202181 |
| nucleus-localized antisense small rnas with 5'-polyphosphate termini regulate long term transcriptional gene silencing in entamoeba histolytica g3 strain. | in the deep-branching eukaryotic parasite entamoeba histolytica, transcriptional gene silencing (tgs) of the amoebapore a gene (ap-a) in the g3 strain has been reported with subsequent development of this parasite strain for gene silencing. however, the mechanisms underlying this gene silencing approach are poorly understood. here we report that antisense small rnas (srnas) specific to the silenced ap-a gene can be identified in g3 parasites. furthermore, when additional genes are silenced in th ... | 2011 | 22049083 |
| The monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor an anti-inflammatory peptide; therapeutics originating from amebic abscess of the liver. | Entamoeba histolytica in culture produces a pentapeptide (MQCNS). This oligopeptide inhibits the in vitro and in vivo locomotion of human monocytes, hence its denomination Monocyte Locomotion Inhibitory Factor (MLIF). The original isolated peptide and its synthetic construct display similar effects, among others, being inhibition of the respiratory burst in monocytes and neutrophils, decrease of Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) skin hypersensitivity in guinea pigs and gerbils, and delay of mononuclea ... | 2011 | 22074573 |
| analysis of entamoeba histolytica excretory-secretory antigen and identification of a new potential diagnostic marker. | serodiagnosis of amoebiasis remains the preferred method for diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess (ala). however, the commercially available kits are problematic in areas of endemicity due to the persistently high background antibody titers. human serum samples (n = 38) from patients with ala who live in areas of endemicity were collected from hospital universiti sains malaysia during the period of 2008 to 2010. western blots using excretory-secretory antigen (esa) collected from axenically grown ... | 2011 | 21918120 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the entamoeba histolytica α-actinin-2 rod domain. | α-actinins form antiparallel homodimers that are able to cross-link actin filaments. the protein contains three domains: an n-terminal actin-binding domain followed by a central rod domain and a calmodulin-like ef-hand domain at the c-terminus. here, crystallization of the rod domain of entamoeba histolytica α-actinin-2 is reported; it crystallized in space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 47.8, b = 79.1, c = 141.8 å. a matthews coefficient v(m) of 2.6 å(3) da(-1) suggests that ... | 2011 | 22102030 |
| parasitic infections, anemia and malnutrition among rural settled and mobile pastoralist mothers and their children in chad. | malnutrition, resulting from various etiologies, is common in rural chadian women and children. this cross-sectional study assessed the spectrum of parasitic infection and level of anemia and their effect on nutritional status in settled and mobile pastoral mothers and children near lake chad. intestinal parasites were evaluated using direct fecal smears and the kato-katz technique. malaria status was determined using paracheck-pf(®) rapid diagnostic test, and anemia was assessed with the hemocu ... | 2011 | 22160444 |
| transferrin regulates mrna levels of a gene involved in iron utilization in entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica is a human pathogen, which can survive using haemoglobin (hb) as only iron supply. two probable haemophores (ehhmbp26 and ehhmbp45) are involved in iron acquisition in this parasite. however, mechanisms related to their transcriptional regulation have not been studied yet. in the present work, transcriptional profiles of both genes were evaluated in trophozoites cultures grown with different iron sources. ehhmbp26 gene was repressed totally by free iron, whereas ehhmbp45 ge ... | 2011 | 21947947 |
| the ways of a killer: how does entamoeba histolytica elicit host cell death? | entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amoebiasis in humans and is responsible for an estimated 100,000 deaths annually, making it the second leading cause of death due to a protozoan parasite after plasmodium. pathogenesis appears to result from the potent cytotoxic activity of the parasite, which kills host cells within minutes. the mechanism is unknown, but progress has been made in determining that cytotoxicity requires parasite gal (galactose)/galnac (n-acetylgalactosamine) lectin- ... | 2011 | 22023450 |
| Mechanisms of adherence, cytotoxicity and phagocytosis modulate the pathogenesis of Entamoeba histolytica. | The unicellular parasite Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of the human disease amebiasis, has traditionally been distinguished from its nonpathogenic cousin Entamoeba dispar by its propensity for the ingestion of erythrocytes. This classic feature, along with the parasite's ability to cause extensive host cell death, are critical mechanisms of pathogenesis during human infection. Recent advances have led to a greater understanding of the molecular components that allow E. histolytica t ... | 2011 | 22122445 |
| [Protozoal antigen positivity in diarrheal patients admitted to emergency service: a point prevalence study]. | Intestinal parasites are the important etiological agents of water and food related diarrhea cases which are frequently seen during summer/early autumn seasons in developing countries. This point prevalence study was aimed to determine the protozoal antigen positivity rate in diarrhea cases admitted to the emergency service in one single day. A total of 198 diarrheal patients (90 male, 108 female; age range: 1-82 years, mean age: 29 years) who were admitted to the emergency service of Ankara Tra ... | 2011 | 22090311 |
| Amebiasis-Related Mortality among United States Residents, 1990-2007. | Abstract. Despite the endemic nature of Entamoeba histolytica infection in the United States there is a lack of data on amebiasis-related mortality. We analyzed national death certificate data from 1990 to 2007 to assess the occurrence of amebiasis-related deaths and determine demographic and regional associations. A total of 134 deaths were identified. Mortality rates were highest in males, Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and persons 75 years of age and older. An association with human immu ... | 2011 | 22144440 |
| Molecular and functional characterization of an Entamoeba histolytica protein (EhMLCI) with features of a myosin essential light chain. | Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite of humans, relays on its striking motility to survive and invade host tissues. Characterization of the molecular components involved in motile processes is crucial to understand its pathogenicity. Although protein components of myosin II hexamers have been predicted from E. histolytica genome data, only a heavy chain of myosin, EhmhcA, has been characterized so far. We have cloned an E. histolytica cDNA sequence that best matched Dictyostelium discoide ... | 2012 | 21963788 |
| new insights into parasite rhomboid proteases. | the rhomboid-like proteins constitute a large family of intramembrane serine proteases that are present in all branches of life. first studied in drosophila, these enzymes catalyse the release of the active forms of proteins from the membrane and hence trigger signalling events. in protozoan parasites, a limited number of rhomboid-like proteases have been investigated and some of them are associated to pathogenesis. in apicomplexans, rhomboid-like protease activity is involved in shedding adhesi ... | 2011 | 22173057 |
| waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: review of worldwide outbreaks - an update 2004-2010. | the present update gives a comprehensive review of worldwide waterborne parasitic protozoan outbreaks that occurred and were published globally between january 2004 and december 2010. at least one hundred and ninety-nine outbreaks of human diseases due to the waterborne transmission of parasitic protozoa occurred and were reported during the time period from 2004 to 2010. 46.7% of the documented outbreaks occurred on the australian continent, 30.6% in north america and 16.5% in europe. cryptospo ... | 2011 | 22048017 |
| identification and evaluation of inhibitors of the ehgef1 protein from entamoeba histolytica. | the dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (gefs) is made up of a vast array of members that participate in the activation of the rho family of small gtpases. dbl-family proteins promote the exchange of guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate (gdp/gtp) in their target molecules, resulting in the activation of a variety of signaling pathways involved in diverse cellular events, such as actin-cytoskeleton remodeling, cellular invasion, cell movement, and other functions. it has bee ... | 2011 | 22038800 |
| Iron-saturated lactoferrin and pathogenic protozoa: could this protein be an iron source for their parasitic style of life? | Iron is an essential nutrient for the survival of pathogens inside a host. As a general strategy against microbes, mammals have evolved complex iron-withholding systems for efficiently decreasing the iron accessible to invaders. Pathogens that inhabit the respiratory, intestinal and genitourinary tracts encounter an iron-deficient environment on the mucosal surface, where ferric iron is chelated by lactoferrin, an extracellular glycoprotein of the innate immune system. However, parasitic protozo ... | 2012 | 22191452 |
| Public health and clinical importance of amoebiasis in Malaysia: a review. | Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human amoebiasis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is responsible for up to 100,000 deaths worldwide each year. Entamoeba dispar, morphologically indistinguishable from E. histolytica is more common in humans in many parts of the world. Similarly Entamoeba moshkovskii, which was long considered to be a free-living amoeba is also morphologically identical to E. histolytica and E. dispar, and is highly p ... | 2011 | 22041740 |
| characterization of a novel entamoeba histolytica strain from burkina faso, africa, possessing a unique hexokinase-2 gene. | an entamoeba histolytica strain (bf-841 cl1) that originated from burkina faso, africa presented with novel, polymorphic genotypes of the serine-rich e. histolytica protein and the anodic hexokinase‑2 (hxk-2) isoenzyme band, which showed less electrophoretic mobility than that of an e. histolytica reference strain [hm-1:imss cl6 (zymodeme (z)-ii)] by starch gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing (ief). the hxk-2 gene of bf-841 cl1 had amino acid variations at four positions compared to the ... | 2011 | 22091458 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients of al-noor specialist hospital, makkah, saudi arabia. | to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients of a tertiary care hospital. | 2011 | 22043412 |