| an infant with seizures, rash, and hepatosplenomegaly. | | 2008 | 18181743 |
| azithromycin resistance in treponema pallidum. | although the recommended treatment for syphilis is penicillin, azithromycin has been used as an alternative. we discuss azithromycin-related treatment failures and resistance in treponema pallidum, and propose ways to meet the resulting clinical and public health challenges. | 2008 | 18192791 |
| syphilis-related hepatitis in a liver transplant patient. | we herein describe a case of secondary syphilis hepatitis in a liver transplant patient. this homosexual man presented 15 years after an orthotopic liver transplant with nonsquamous papillomacular rash, mild cytolysis, and anicteric cholestasis. laboratory tests showed syphilis seroconversionwith a vdrl test titer of 1/256, a treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay of 1/5120, and a positive immunoglobulin m fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbance. a liver biopsy performed 13 months after th ... | 2007 | 18194132 |
| human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in argentina: prevalence, genotypes and risk factors. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and other sexually transmitted infections (stis) among 205 patients with clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) in buenos aires in 2001. infections with hepatitis b virus (hbv), hiv-1, hepatitis c virus (hcv), treponema pallidum and human t-cell lymphotropic virus types i/ii were diagnosed in 37/187 (19.8 %), 35/205 (17.1 %), 22/187 (11.8 %), 13/187 (7.0 %) and 4/18 ... | 2008 | 18201985 |
| infectious diseases. isolated tribe gives clues to the origins of syphilis. | | 2008 | 18202266 |
| intrathecal antitreponemal antibody synthesis determination using the inno-lia syphilis score. | laboratory detection of intrathecal synthesis of specific antitreponemal antibodies remains a challenge. traditional syphilis serology is unable to provide a satisfactory result; therefore, several other diagnostic procedures were used to demonstrate central nervous system (cns) involvement in this disease. the introduction of molecular methods makes today's laboratory testing easier. | 2007 | 18204743 |
| [microbiological diagnosis of sexually-transmitted infection (2007)]. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) constitute an important world-wide public health problem. the use of sensitive and specific laboratory methods for diagnosing this condition is crucial to reduce the transmission and sequelae of sti. the present review describes current microbiological methods for the diagnosis of stis. neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis are the pathogens most frequently involved in urethral and cervical infection. culture continues to be the gold standard for ... | 2008 | 18208764 |
| reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management. | to review the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of syphilis. | 2008 | 18212261 |
| evaluation of a rapid one-step immunochromatographic test and two immunoenzymatic assays for the detection of anti-treponema pallidum antibodies. | the control of syphilis depends on screening of the population at risk and is usually performed using the treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (tppa). outside europe the rapid plasma reagin test (rpr) or venereal disease research laboratory test is most often used for screening purposes. because of the drawbacks in current diagnostic procedures, ie, long turnaround time, the need is felt for a rapid and simple test that can potentially be performed on whole blood. objective and | 2008 | 18216156 |
| electron cryotomography reveals novel structures of a recently cultured termite gut spirochete. | electron cryotromography, a relatively new methodology in the field of microbiology, has been exploited by murphy et al. (in this issue of molecular microbiology) in their analysis of the recently isolated termite gut spirochete treponema primitia. unique structures (bowls, arcades of hooks, cones at the cell ends, two layers of wall material) were evident from the analysis of its surface and internal constituents. these results, coupled to video microscopy analysis of swimming cells, allowed th ... | 2008 | 18221263 |
| on the origin of the treponematoses: a phylogenetic approach. | since the first recorded epidemic of syphilis in 1495, controversy has surrounded the origins of the bacterium treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum and its relationship to the pathogens responsible for the other treponemal diseases: yaws, endemic syphilis, and pinta. some researchers have argued that the syphilis-causing bacterium, or its progenitor, was brought from the new world to europe by christopher columbus and his men, while others maintain that the treponematoses, including syphilis, have ... | 2008 | 18235852 |
| acute syphilitic chorioretinitis after a missed primary diagnosis: a case report. | syphilis is well known as an infectious disease which can present with a large variety of symptoms. clinical diagnosis can be difficult and may be complicated in modern medicine by immunosuppressive treatment and possible side effects of medication. | 2008 | 18241329 |
| three unique groups of spirochetes isolated from digital dermatitis lesions in uk cattle. | bovine digital dermatitis (bdd) is a severe infectious cause of lameness which has spread through dairy cattle populations worldwide, causing serious welfare and agricultural problems. spirochetes are the main organisms implicated and have previously proven difficult to isolate. this study aimed to isolate and characterise the range of spirochetes associated with bdd in the uk. twenty-three spirochete isolates were obtained from 30 bdd lesions, which by 16s rrna gene and flab2 gene analysis clus ... | 2008 | 18243592 |
| clinical evaluation of four recombinant treponema pallidum antigen-based rapid tests in the diagnosis of syphilis. | to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility of 4 recombinant treponema pallidum antigen-based rapid tests in the diagnosis of syphilis. | 2007 | 18246673 |
| novel ultrastructures of treponema primitia and their implications for motility. | members of the bacterial phylum spirochaetes are generally helical cells propelled by periplasmic flagella. the spirochete treponema primitia is interesting because of its mutualistic role in the termite gut, where it is believed to cooperate with protozoa that break down cellulose and produce h(2) as a by-product. here we report the ultrastructure of t. primitia as obtained by electron cryotomography of intact, frozen-hydrated cells. several previously unrecognized external structures were reve ... | 2008 | 18248579 |
| evaluation of a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay for determination of treponema pallidum antibodies. | evaluation of a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (cmia) for determination of anti-treponema pallidum (tp) antibodies, "architect tpab", was performed. this assay was confirmed to be a reliable anti-tp assay as it showed very good fundamental performance on reproducibility (intra-assay cv: less than 4%), assay specificity (100%, 500/500) and assay sensitivity (100%, 121/121). since this assay showed very good dilution linearity for samples within the range of 0.59-8.38 s/co, quantificat ... | 2007 | 18257467 |
| heterologous expression of the treponema pallidum laminin-binding adhesin tp0751 in the culturable spirochete treponema phagedenis. | treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, is an unculturable, genetically intractable bacterium. here we report the use of the shuttle vector pkmr4pemcs for the expression of a previously identified t. pallidum laminin-binding adhesin, tp0751, in the nonadherent, culturable spirochete treponema phagedenis. heterologous expression of tp0751 in t. phagedenis was confirmed via reverse transcriptase pcr analysis with tp0751 gene-specific primers and immunofluorescence anal ... | 2008 | 18263731 |
| [comparison of serological detection effects of elisa using rtpn17 or rtpn47 of treponema pallidum as antigen with that of tpha and trust]. | to clone tpn17 and tpn47 genes of treponema pallidum and then construct their prokaryotic expression systems,to establish elisas based on rtpn17 and rtpn47 as antigens and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the elisas for detection of serological diagnosis of syphilis. | 2008 | 18275122 |
| human serum antibodies recognize treponema denticola msp and prtp protease complex proteins. | treponema denticola outer membrane proteins are postulated to have key roles in microbe-host interactions in periodontitis. because there are no reports of in vivo expression of these putative virulence factors, we examined several t. denticola strains to determine whether sera from human subjects recognized specific t. denticola outer membrane proteins. | 2008 | 18279185 |
| increased interleukin-18 in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis patients. | this study aimed to measure the levels of interleukin-18 (il-18) in inflamed shallow sites and inflamed deep sites in patients with periodontitis and to compare the data with results from inflamed shallow sites in patients with gingivitis. a secondary aim was to examine the composition of the subgingival microbiota in the sampled sites. | 2008 | 18279187 |
| anti-hbc screening in egyptian blood donors reduces the risk of hepatitis b virus transmission. | occult hepatitis b virus (hbv) in blood donors is considered as a potential risk for transmission of hbv infection. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis b core antibody (anti-hbc) positivity in egyptian blood donations as well as to estimate the frequency of hbv-dna in anti-hbc-positive donations. the study included 760 egyptian healthy blood donors, representing 26 different egyptian governorates screened according to routine practice for the presence of hepat ... | 2008 | 18279193 |
| the 100th anniversary of wassermann-neisser-bruck reaction. | august paul von wassermann (1866-1925), german bacteriologist, together with albert neisser (1855-1916), german dermatologist and venereologist, and carl bruck (1879-1944), german dermatologist and venereologist, developed the first serologic test for the diagnosis of syphilis. they published their first article about it on may 10, 1906 (dtsch med wochenschr 1906;32:745). they made use of the idea of the complement fixation test of jules bordet (1870-1961) and octave gengou (1875-1957), so the w ... | 2008 | 18280907 |
| prevalence of hiv, herpes simplex virus-2, and syphilis in male sex partners of pregnant women in peru. | sexually active heterosexual men may represent an important risk factor for hiv infection and sti transmission to their female partners and unborn children, though little is known about the prevalence of stis in this population. we sought to determine the prevalence of hiv, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and syphilis infection and associated risk behaviors among male sex partners of pregnant women in peru. | 2008 | 18284696 |
| a latitudinal gradient study of common anti-infectious agent antibody prevalence in italy and colombia. | infectious agents are important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease since they are a major part of the environmental trigger of autoimmunity. a negative relationship between latitude and infectious disease species richness has been suggested. | 2008 | 18300578 |
| colonization pattern of periodontal bacteria in japanese children and their mothers. | the purpose of this study was to determine the time of infection by anaerobic gram-negative rods associated with periodontal disease, and to clarify their transmission from mother to child. | 2008 | 18302616 |
| microbial changes in patients with acute periodontal abscess after treatment detected by padotest. | to investigate changes in bacterial counts in subgingival plaque from patients with acute periodontal abscess by iai-padotest. | 2008 | 18302679 |
| correlates of hiv, hbv, hcv and syphilis infections among prison inmates and officers in ghana: a national multicenter study. | prisons are known to be high-risk environments for the spread of bloodborne and sexually transmitted infections. prison officers are considered to have an intermittent exposure potential to bloodborne infectious diseases on the job, however there has been no studies on the prevalence of these infections in prison officers in ghana. | 2008 | 18328097 |
| treponema denticola msp-deduced peptide conjugate, p34bsa, promotes rhoa-dependent actin stress fiber formation independent of its internalization by fibroblasts. | p34(bsa), a bsa conjugate of a synthetic 10-mer peptide deduced from treponema denticola major outer sheath protein (msp), stabilizes actin filaments in fibroblasts and retards cell motility. we reported previously that it is internalized by cells, binds and bundles actin filaments in vitro, and activates rhoa; yet, its site and mechanism of action were not defined. we have assessed p34(bsa)'s modes of interaction with and signaling to fibroblasts. at 4 degrees c, p34(bsa) was not internalized, ... | 2008 | 18330900 |
| a novel treponema pallidum antigen, tp0136, is an outer membrane protein that binds human fibronectin. | the antigenicity, structural location, and function of the predicted lipoprotein tp0136 of treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum were investigated based on previous screening studies indicating that anti-tp0136 antibodies are present in the sera of syphilis patients and experimentally infected rabbits. recombinant tp0136 (rtp0136) protein was purified and shown to be strongly antigenic during human and experimental rabbit infection. the tp0136 protein was exposed on the surface of the bacterial out ... | 2008 | 18332212 |
| syndromic approach to sexually transmitted infections in tunisian women: bacteriological validation. | the world health organization emphasizes an integrated primary care approach using syndromic management of sexually transmitted infections. the objective of our study was to evaluate the quality of care of the syndromic management of sexually transmitted disease in women in rabta hospital in tunisia. algorithms have been developed for: cervicitis due to neisseria gonorrhoeae or chlamydia (algorithm 3a), vaginitis due to trichomonas vaginalis or chlamydia trachomatis (algorithm 3b) and vaginitis ... | 2008 | 18334064 |
| hiv incidence among men diagnosed with early syphilis in atlanta, san francisco, and los angeles, 2004 to 2005. | syphilis outbreaks among men who have sex with men (msm) in the united states have raised concerns about increased hiv transmission in this population. we sought to estimate hiv incidence among men diagnosed with primary or secondary (p&s) syphilis in sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics in atlanta, san francisco, and los angeles. | 2008 | 18340654 |
| syphilis: the international challenge of the great imitator. | syphilis is a systemic disease caused by the spirochete treponema pallidum. the name of this ancient but pervasive infection is proverbial to health care providers. the worldwide recognition of this term, however, argues with the intricacy of the disease in addition to the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that persistently affect the global control of syphilis up to the present. this article focuses on the varied presentations of the infection, earning the title the "great imitator." the ar ... | 2008 | 18346551 |
| ocular syphilis in victoria: four new cases and a brief discussion of the current victorian experience. | | 2008 | 18352886 |
| genital ulcers and concomitant complaints in men attending a sexually transmitted infections clinic: implications for sexually transmitted infections management. | although genital herpes has emerged as the most common cause of genital ulcers in southern africa, treatment for herpes is not available routinely in the region. this study was performed to determine the etiology of genital ulcers in men in durban and assess other sexually transmitted infections-related symptoms, presentation, and treatment patterns in this group. | 2008 | 18356769 |
| prevalence of syphilis seroreactivity in the united states: data from the national health and nutrition examination surveys (nhanes) 2001-2004. | there have been no recent us population-based estimates of syphilis seroprevalence. we determined the prevalence of syphilis seroreactivity among a representative sample of the us population. | 2008 | 18356772 |
| molecular studies in treponema pallidum evolution: toward clarity? | | 2008 | 18357339 |
| serological diagnosis of syphilis: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure antibodies to individual recombinant treponema pallidum antigens. | we standardized an indirect elisa for measurement of serum antibody levels to four individual treponemal recombinant proteins that have been commonly used in a number of commercial eias, mostly as a mixture of antigens. when tested with 127 syphilis-negative and 37 secondary syphilis sera, elisa o.d.s obtained for each of the four antigens clearly distinguished between these two groups of samples. sensitivity and specificity of 100% was obtained with the current set of samples. further evaluatio ... | 2008 | 18360809 |
| sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers: an international review with an emphasis on hard-to-access populations. | women who work commercially in sex work (female sex workers [fsw]) are considered a high-risk group for sexually transmissible infections (sti), yet the level of reported pathogens varies in studies around the world. this study reviewed sti rates reported in 42 studies of fsw around the world published between 1995 and 2006 and analysed the trends and types of populations surveyed, emphasising difficult to access fsw populations. | 2008 | 18361849 |
| treponema denticola lipooligosaccharide activates gingival fibroblasts and upregulates inflammatory mediator production. | in response to bacterial challenges, fibroblasts, a major constituent of gingival connective tissue, can produce immunoregulatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes that may contribute to tissue destruction and the progression of periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting tooth-supporting tissues, including alveolar bone. the spirochete treponema denticola is a major etiological agent of periodontitis and can invade oral tissues. the aim of the present study was to investigate the in ... | 2008 | 18366071 |
| microbiologic and immunologic characteristics of periodontal disease in hispanic americans with type 2 diabetes. | the microbiology of periodontitis in type 1 diabetes has been reported, but less is known about type 2 diabetes. moreover, these data have not linked microbial colonization, host response, and clinical presentation in type 1 or type 2 diabetes. the objectives of this study were to relate periodontal status, periodontal microorganisms, and host-response characteristics in hispanic americans with type 2 diabetes. | 2008 | 18380556 |
| site-specific development of periodontal disease is associated with increased levels of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia in subgingival plaque. | porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia (previously t. forsythensis), which are regarded as the principal periodontopathogenic bacteria, exist as a consortium in subgingival biofilms. we aimed to examine quantitative relationships between p. gingivalis, t. denticola, and t. forsythia in subgingival biofilms and the relationship between the quantity and prevalence of these three bacteria and site-specific periodontal health. | 2008 | 18380560 |
| the reproducibility of curet sampling of subgingival biofilms. | because few studies have examined the critical issue of sampling reproducibility, the purpose of the present study was to examine the reproducibility of curet sampling of subgingival biofilms. | 2008 | 18380565 |
| modelling the cost per ulcer treated of incorporating episodic treatment for hsv-2 into the syndromic algorithm for genital ulcer disease. | the proportion of genital ulcer disease (gud) due to herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) has increased in sub-saharan africa. the most recent 2003 who syndromic gud algorithm includes antiviral treatment for hsv-2 for anyone with "typical" symptoms/signs, and suggests that all gud patients receive treatment for hsv-2 in settings where hsv-2 gud aetiology is greater than 30%. the previous algorithm (1994) only targeted haemophilus ducreyi (hd) and treponema pallidum (tp). | 2008 | 18385226 |
| occurrence of herpes simplex virus 1 and three periodontal bacteria in patients with chronic periodontitis and necrotic pulp. | viral and bacterial associations appear to be implicated in the development of periodontal infections. little information is available describing the periodontopathic agents in root canals with necrotic pulp. in this study, the occurrence and the combinations among herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and dialister pneumosintes, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola in patients with chronic periodontitis and necrotic pulp were evaluated. clinical samples from healthy subjects and patients ... | 2008 | 18389006 |
| highly conserved surface proteins of oral spirochetes as adhesins and potent inducers of proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic factors. | oral spirochetes include enormously heterogeneous treponema species, and some have been implicated in the etiology of periodontitis. in this study, we characterized highly conserved surface proteins in four representative oral spirochetes (treponema denticola, t. lecithinolyticum, t. maltophilum, and t. socranskii subsp. socranskii) that are homologs of t. pallidum tp92, with opsonophagocytic potential and protective capacity against syphilis. tp92 homologs of oral spirochetes had predicted sign ... | 2008 | 18390996 |
| primary syphilis. | cases of syphilis have been increasing in the uk and it remains an important public health problem. here, we provide an overview of syphilis, its presentation, diagnosis and management. | 2008 | 18397550 |
| images in hiv/aids. sweet syndrome and syphilis in an hiv-infected person. | | 2008 | 18398981 |
| [study on elisas with rtpn17, rtpn47 and its fusion protein as antigens in the detection of serum samples from syphilis patients]. | to construct the prokaryotic expression systems of tpnl7 and tpn47 genes and tpn17-tpn47 fusion of treponema pallidum, and to establish elisas based on rtpn17, rtpn47 and rtpn17-tpn47 as antigens to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the elisas for detection of serological diagnosed syphilis. | 2007 | 18399153 |
| bleeding on probing differentially relates to bacterial profiles: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study. | various bacterial species are differentially prevalent in periodontal health, gingivitis or periodontitis. we tested the independent associations between three bacterial groupings and gingival inflammation in an epidemiological study. | 2008 | 18400025 |
| effect of glucose on treponema denticola cell behavior. | treponema denticola inhabits the oral subgingival environment and is part of a proteolytic benzoyl-dl-arginine-naphthylamide-positive 'red complex' associated with active periodontal disease. spirochetes have a unique form of chemotactic motility that may contribute to their virulence. chemotaxis is essential for efficient nutrient-directed translocation. | 2008 | 18402610 |
| immune responses induced by spirochetal outer membrane lipoproteins and glycolipids. | the class of spirochetes comprises a wide array of clinically important pathogens, including treponema pallidum causing syphilis as well as borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme disease (ld). diseases caused by spirochetes are characterized by specific sequelae of host reactions, and also by characteristic antibody response patterns. over the last decades, research on the interaction of spirochetes with the host's immune system had a strong emphasis on outer membrane lipoproteins. in fact, the ... | 2008 | 18406378 |
| a case of gastric syphilis. | | 2008 | 18407796 |
| laboratory diagnostics for non-viral sexually transmitted infections in st. petersburg, russia: current situation and hallmarks for improvements. | the numbers and performance characteristics of laboratories providing sexually transmitted infection (sti) diagnostic services, as well as the rates of morbidity due to stis in st. petersburg, russia, remain largely unknown. | 2008 | 18410333 |
| antibody levels to single bacteria or in combination evaluated against myocardial infarction. | evidence is accumulating that oral bacteria are associated with myocardial infarctions (mi). we were interested in studying the differences in the association between single bacteria or bacteria in combination and the relation to c-reactive protein (crp). | 2008 | 18410396 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among sexually active jordanian females. | to determine the prevalence of the most important sexually transmitted infections among women of child bearing age in jordan. | 2008 | 18434942 |
| microbial analysis of canals of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions using polymerase chain reaction. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the presence of nine bacterial species in root-filled teeth associated with periapical lesions using a polymerase chain reaction analysis and to correlate these species with clinical features of the cases. dna was extracted from 45 canal samples of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions. a pcr assay using species-specific primers of 16s rdna and the downstream intergenic spacer region was used for microbial detection. enterococcus faecalis ... | 2008 | 18436030 |
| a microbiological profile of symptomatic teeth with primary endodontic infections. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the microbiota of primary endodontic infections associated with symptomatic teeth. samples were collected by means of a #15 h-type file and 2 sterile paper points from 60 symptomatic (n = 30) or asymptomatic (n = 30) single-rooted teeth with necrotic pulp. the presence of 40 bacterial species was determined by the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization method. the species found in higher counts (x10(5)) in symptomatic cases were fusobacterium ... | 2008 | 18436031 |
| the prevalence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in saliva is linked to periodontal health status and oral malodour. | this study investigated whether an improvement in periodontal health resulted in changes in the prevalence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in saliva and tongue coatings and a reduction in volatile sulfur compounds (vscs: h(2)s and ch(3)sh) linked to oral malodour. the subjects were 35 patients who visited the breath odour clinic of kyushu dental college, japan. their mean age was 51.2+/-18.3 years (mean+/-sd). a clinical examination performed at baseline and 2 months after periodontal treatment ... | 2008 | 18436598 |
| detection of treponema denticola in root canal systems in primary and secondary endodontic infections. a correlation with clinical symptoms. | the aim of the study was to investigate the presence of treponema denticola in primary and secondary root-infected canal systems with periapical pathology and correlations with clinical signs and symptoms. | 2008 | 18437843 |
| syphilitic uveitis: an asian perspective. | to examine the clinical manifestations of syphilitic uveitis in a population and review trends in incidence at a tertiary referral centre. | 2008 | 18441168 |
| highlights of the 15th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections. neurologic complications of hiv disease and their treatment. | new data were presented at the 15th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections that further support the importance of considering the neuroeffectiveness of antiretroviral drugs when designing treatment regimens. two studies linked antiretroviral therapy that had estimates of better neuroeffectiveness with better global neuropsychologic outcomes in life. a third study linked estimates of better antiretroviral therapy neuroeffectiveness, particularly nonnucleoside analogue reverse tra ... | 2008 | 18441379 |
| [pilot study for sentinel surveillance of syphilis in galaĊ£i county]. | sexually transmitted diseases are still a major public health problem in the world. the incidence rate of syphilis reported in romania increased from 1990 (23.2 cases per 100,000 population) to 2002 (58.3 cases per 100,000 population). although the rate is slowly decreasing after 2003, syphilis remains a priority for public health (syphilis and gonorrhea are included in the list of priorities diseases for the surveillance in romania). the purpose of this study was to report the results of the se ... | 2007 | 18441960 |
| comparative analysis of putative periodontopathic bacteria by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been applied for the rapid and specific detection of periodontopathic bacteria in subgingival plaque and is potentially of clinical benefit in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis subjects. however, several technical points need to be modified before the conventional pcr detection system can be used by clinicians. | 2008 | 18447853 |
| ability of oral bacteria to induce tissue-destructive molecules from human neutrophils. | the induction of tissue-destructive molecules from neutrophils by periodontopathic bacteria has been suggested as one of the mechanisms of periodontal destruction. the aim of this study was to determine whether the ability to stimulate neutrophils is an authentic characteristic of periodontopathic bacteria. | 2008 | 18449962 |
| treponema isoptericolens sp. nov., a novel spirochaete from the hindgut of the termite incisitermes tabogae. | a novel spirochaete, treponema sp. strain spit5t, was isolated from hindgut contents of the drywood termite incisitermes tabogae (snyder). the cells of strain spit5t were motile, helical in shape, 0.4-0.5 microm in diameter and generally 12-20 microm long. the strain is obligately anaerobic and ferments different mono-, di- and oligosaccharides by forming ethanol as the main liquid fermentation end product. furthermore, strain spit5t was able to grow anaerobically with yeast extract as sole carb ... | 2008 | 18450692 |
| syphilis in pregnancy. | | 2008 | 18455089 |
| [serological diagnosis of syphilis]. | | 2008 | 18457735 |
| photodynamic therapy as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients on periodontal maintenance: a randomized controlled clinical trial. | recent preclinical and clinical data have suggested the potential benefit of photodynamic therapy (pdt) in the treatment of periodontitis. however, currently, there are very limited data from controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of pdt in the treatment of periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the adjunctive use of pdt in non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy. twenty-fou ... | 2009 | 18465191 |
| native cellular architecture of treponema denticola revealed by cryo-electron tomography. | using cryo-electron tomography, we are developing a refined description of native cellular structures in the pathogenic spirochete treponema denticola. tightly organized bundles of periplasmic flagella were readily observed in intact plunge-frozen cells. the periplasmic space was measured in both wild-type and aflagellate strains, and found to widen by less than the diameter of flagella when the latter are present. this suggests that a structural change occurs in the peptidoglycan layer to accom ... | 2008 | 18468917 |
| a "usual" case of syphilis. | | 2008 | 18472439 |
| assessment of the microbiota in root canals of human primary teeth by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate in vivo the prevalence of microorganisms in root canals of human primary teeth, by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. | 2007 | 18477431 |
| images in clinical medicine. keratoderma blennorrhagica. | | 2008 | 18480208 |
| complete genome sequence of treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum strain ss14 determined with oligonucleotide arrays. | syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum remains the enigmatic pathogen, since no virulence factors have been identified and the pathogenesis of the disease is poorly understood. increasing rates of new syphilis cases per year have been observed recently. | 2008 | 18482458 |
| field evaluation of simple rapid tests in the diagnosis of syphilis. | the aim of this study was to detect the sensitivity and specificity of rapid syphilis diagnostic tests (immunochromatographic strip [ics] test and rapid test device [rtd]) performed by low-skilled paramedics in field clinics and by highly-skilled technologists in laboratories and compare them with the gold standard (rapid plasma reagin [rpr] and treponema pallidum haemagglutination [tpha]) tests for diagnosis of syphilis. a cross-sectional study was conducted among female sex workers (fsws) in d ... | 2008 | 18482961 |
| a 52-kda leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism. | the metabolism of glutathione by the periodontal pathogen treponema denticola produces hydrogen sulfide, which may play a role in the host tissue destruction seen in periodontitis. h2s production in this organism has been proposed to occur via a three enzyme pathway, gamma-glutamyltransferase, cysteinylglycinase (cgase), and cystalysin. in this study, we describe the purification and characterization of t. denticola cgase. standard approaches were used to purify a 52-kda cgase activity from t. d ... | 2008 | 18482986 |
| chronic inflammation and amyloidogenesis in alzheimer's disease -- role of spirochetes. | alzheimer's disease (ad) is associated with dementia, brain atrophy and the aggregation and accumulation of a cortical amyloid-beta peptide (abeta). chronic bacterial infections are frequently associated with amyloid deposition. it had been known from a century that the spirochete treponema pallidum can cause dementia in the atrophic form of general paresis. it is noteworthy that the pathological hallmarks of this atrophic form are similar to those of ad. recent observations showed that bacteria ... | 2008 | 18487847 |
| antimicrobials in periodontics: controlling chronic disease. | | 2008 | 18497206 |
| adrenal gland hemorrhage in patients with fatal bacterial infections. | a wide spectrum of adrenal gland pathology is seen during bacterial infections. hemorrhage is particularly associated with meningococcemia, while abscesses have been described with several neonatal infections. we studied adrenal gland histopathology of 65 patients with bacterial infections documented in a variety of tissues by using immunohistochemistry. the infections diagnosed included neisseria meningitidies, group a streptococcus, rickettsia rickettsii, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococc ... | 2008 | 18500257 |
| the binary protein interactome of treponema pallidum--the syphilis spirochete. | protein interaction networks shed light on the global organization of proteomes but can also place individual proteins into a functional context. if we know the function of bacterial proteins we will be able to understand how these species have adapted to diverse environments including many extreme habitats. here we present the protein interaction network for the syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum which encodes 1,039 proteins, 726 (or 70%) of which interact via 3,649 interactions as revealed ... | 2008 | 18509523 |
| syphilis: continuing public health and diagnostic challenges. | as the "great imitator" of disease, syphilis, caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum, continues to be a conceptually elusive condition that is surrounded by diagnostic ambiguity and clinical misunderstanding. concurrent hiv infection adds further difficulty by introducing the oldest and most confusing medical conundrum into the socially and biologically complex situation of treating patients with a virus we are still only learning to manage. syphilis continues to be a challenge to the health ... | 2008 | 18510892 |
| hiv-1, hsv-2 and syphilis among pregnant women in a rural area of tanzania: prevalence and risk factors. | evidence suggests that a substantial proportion of new hiv infections in african countries are associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). thus, the magnitude of hsv-2 infection in an area may suggest the expected course of the hiv epidemic. we determined prevalence of genital herpes, syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women from a remote rural tanzanian community that has a low but increasing hiv prevalence. | 2008 | 18513451 |
| geomicrobial characterization of gas hydrate-bearing sediments along the mid-chilean margin. | bacterial diversity in eight sediment cores from the mid-chilean margin was studied using length heterogeneity (lh)-pcr, and described in relation to in situ geochemical conditions. dna from the sulfate-methane transition (smt) of three cores [one containing methane gas; two proximal to a gas hydrate mound (ghm)] was cloned and sequenced. clones related to uncultured relatives of desulfosarcina variabilis were found in all clone libraries and dominated one. desulfosarcina variabilis related clon ... | 2008 | 18522645 |
| high prevalence of treponemes in bovine digital dermatitis-a molecular epidemiology. | to validate the epidemiology of treponema spp. associated with digital dermatitis (dd) a large number of dd samples (n=56) were examined by dna-dna dot blot analyses using oligonucleotide probes specific for phylogenetic group i-vii of oral treponemes and dd-associated phylotypes ddkl-4, ddkl-12 and ddkl-20 as well as for t. brennaborense and t. socranskii. positive hybridisation results were obtained for phylogenetic groups i, ii and iv and phylotypes ddkl-4 and ddkl-12. while phylotype ddkl-4 ... | 2008 | 18524502 |
| antiretroviral therapy is associated with reduced serologic failure rates for syphilis among hiv-infected patients. | syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) frequently coexist in patients, but the effects of immunosuppression on the course of syphilis are unknown. our goal was to determine whether the degree of hiv-mediated immunosuppression and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy impact syphilis serologic responses. | 2008 | 18532887 |
| localized lesions in secondary syphilis. | the clinical manifestations of secondary syphilis are variable and can mimic many skin diseases, mostly being generalized and symmetrical in distribution. localized lesions of secondary syphilis are rarely seen in dermatology clinics. we report an unusual presentation wherein a patient had localized lesions over face and soles only. there is a need for increased awareness on the part of physicians to recognize new patterns of syphilitic infection, together with a willingness to consider the diag ... | 2008 | 18541087 |
| an interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) single-nucleotide polymorphism at position 3954 and red complex periodontopathogens independently and additively modulate the levels of il-1beta in diseased periodontal tissues. | inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. a high individual variation in the levels of il-1beta mrna has been verified, which is possibly determined by genetic polymorphisms and/or by the presence of periodontopathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola, and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. in this study, we investigated the role of an il-1beta promoter single-nucleotide po ... | 2008 | 18541658 |
| secondary syphilis presenting as annular lichenoid plaques on the scrotum. | secondary syphilis can have protean clinical manifestations and can present with unusual lesions, which may go unrecognized. | 2008 | 18544293 |
| pcr-based identification of selected pathogens associated with endodontic infections in deciduous and permanent teeth. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of the selected pathogens in samples from deciduous and permanent tooth root canals by using pcr method and to determine the association of these organisms with clinical symptoms. | 2008 | 18547832 |
| the sequence of the acidic repeat protein (arp) gene differentiates venereal from nonvenereal treponema pallidum subspecies, and the gene has evolved under strong positive selection in the subspecies that causes syphilis. | despite the completion of the treponema pallidum genome project, only minor genetic differences have been found between the subspecies that cause venereal syphilis (ssp. pallidum) and the nonvenereal diseases yaws (ssp. pertenue) and bejel (ssp. endemicum). in this paper, we describe sequence variation in the arp gene which allows straightforward differentiation of ssp. pallidum from the nonvenereal subspecies. we also present evidence that this region is subject to positive selection in ssp. pa ... | 2008 | 18554302 |
| genetic analysis of spirochete flagellin proteins and their involvement in motility, filament assembly, and flagellar morphology. | the filaments of spirochete periplasmic flagella (pfs) have a unique structure and protein composition. in most spirochetes, the pfs consist of a core of at least three related proteins (flab1, flab2, and flab3) and a sheath of flaa protein. the functions of these filament proteins remain unknown. in this study, we used a multidisciplinary approach to examine the role of these proteins in determining the composition, shape, and stiffness of the pfs and how these proteins impact motility by using ... | 2008 | 18556797 |
| [relationship between herpesviruses and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in subgingival plaque]. | to evaluate the prevalence rates of human cytomegalovirus(hcmv) and epstein-barr virus-1(ebv-1) in subgingival plaque and analyze the relationship between herpesviruses, periodontal pathogenic bacteria and periodontal clinical parameters in chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis(agp). | 2008 | 18560463 |
| evidence of multiple treponema phylotypes involved in bovine digital dermatitis as shown by 16s rrna gene analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the etiopathogenesis of the skin disease digital dermatitis (dd), an important cause of lameness in cattle, remains uncertain. microscopically, the disease appears to be polymicrobial, with spirochetes as the predominant bacteria. the objective of this study was to identify the main part of the bacteria involved in dd lesions of cattle by using culture-independent molecular methods. ten different phylotypes of treponema were identified either by 16s rrna gene sequencing of bacteria from dd lesio ... | 2008 | 18562583 |
| syphilis and borreliosis during pregnancy. | syphilis and lyme borreliosis have similar etiologic, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics. both are multisystem infectious disorders spread worldwide. their clinical course can be divided into three stages and as to spirochetal origin, antibiotic therapy is similar too. taxonomical relationship of treponema and borrelia could explain also congenital manifestations well-known in syphilis, and suggested in borreliosis. therapy of pregnant women with syphilis and lyme borreliosis should fol ... | 2008 | 18564251 |
| rapid and simple detection of eight major periodontal pathogens by the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was applied to develop a rapid and simple detection system for eight periodontal pathogens: aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia. primers were designed from the 16s ribosomal rna gene for each pathogen, and the lamp amplified the targets specifically and efficiently under ... | 2008 | 18565108 |
| differential gender effects of a reduced-calorie diet on systemic inflammatory and immune parameters in nonhuman primates. | dietary manipulation, including caloric restriction, has been shown to impact host response capabilities significantly, particularly in association with aging. this investigation compared systemic inflammatory and immune-response molecules in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | 2008 | 18565132 |
| distribution of 10 periodontal bacterial species in children and adolescents over a 7-year period. | there is scant information available regarding the distribution of periodontal bacterial species in children and adolescents over an extended period. the purpose of this study was to compare bacterial profiles in the same individuals over a period of 7 years. | 2008 | 18565147 |
| multiple aphthoid syphilitic chancres of the oral cavity. | we describe the case of a 31-year-old man who was affected by three asymptomatic, aphthoid, syphilitic chancres of the oral cavity. these lesions were accompanied by right latero-cervical and chin lymphadenopathy. the infection was previously diagnosed as aphthous stomatitis. the search for treponema pallidum by means of darkfield microscope examination was positive. the patient was successfully treated with oral erythromycin ethylsuccinate. to our knowledge, this is the first case of multiple a ... | 2008 | 18574125 |
| chlamydia in the pacific region, the silent epidemic. | second generation surveillance of hiv infection and sexually transmitted infections (stis) among pregnant women in 6 pacific island countries and territories were undertaken to improve knowledge and to make recommendations on future prevention and management of stis. | 2008 | 18580823 |
| comparative analysis of endodontic pathogens using checkerboard hybridization in relation to culture. | the purpose of this study was to detect bacterial species and to quantify the total number of bacteria from samples of infected root canals before (s1) and after chemo-mechanical preparation using 2% chlorhexidine (chx) gel as auxiliary chemical substance (s2) and after 7 days of intracanal dressing (s3) to compare microbial changes. | 2008 | 18582327 |
| analysis of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid suggests importance of cathelicidin ll-37 in the innate immune response against periodontogenic bacteria. | during periodontitis, an innate immune response to bacterial challenge is primarily mediated by neutrophils. we compared neutrophilic content and the level of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) in two clinical forms of severe periodontitis. | 2008 | 18582333 |