| marker assisted pyramiding of two brown planthopper resistance genes, bph3 and bph27 (t), into elite rice cultivars. | brown planthopper (bph) is the most destructive insect in rice production. breeding of resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for bph management; however, resistant cultivars are currently hampered by the rapid breakdown of bph resistance. thus, there is an urgent need to use more effective bph resistance genes or pyramiding different resistance genes to develop more durable resistant rice cultivars. | 2016 | 27246014 |
| characterization of heat shock cognate protein 70 gene and its differential expression in response to thermal stress between two wing morphs of nilaparvata lugens (stål). | previous studies have demonstrated differences in thermotolerance between two wing morphs of nilaparvata lugens, the most serious pest of rice across the asia. to reveal the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the differential thermal resistance abilities between two wing morphs, a full-length of transcript encoding heat shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70) was cloned, and its expression patterns across temperature gradients were analyzed. the results showed that the expression levels of nlhs ... | 2016 | 27181274 |
| ecological trade-offs between migration and reproduction are mediated by the nutrition-sensitive insulin-signaling pathway. | crowding and changes in food availability are two critical environmental conditions that impact an animal's trajectory toward either migration or reproduction. many insects facing this challenge have evolved wing polyphenisms. when conditions favor reproduction, wing polyphenic species produce adults that either have no wings or short, non-functional wings. facultative wing growth reflects a physiological and evolutionary trade-off between migration and reproduction, triggered by environmental c ... | 2016 | 27143957 |
| screening and functional analyses of nilaparvata lugens salivary proteome. | most phloem-feeding insects secrete gelling and watery saliva during the feeding process. however, the functions of salivary proteins are poorly understood. in this study, our purpose was to reveal the components and functions of saliva in a rice sap-sucking insect pest, nilaparvata lugens. the accomplishment of the whole genome and transcriptome sequencing in n. lugens would be helpful for elucidating the gene information and expression specificity of the salivary proteins. in this study, we ha ... | 2016 | 27142481 |
| jnk signaling mediates wing form polymorphism in brown planthoppers (nilaparvata lugens). | wing polyphenism is considered to be an adaptive trade-off between migration (long winged forms) and reproduction (short winged forms), determined by various environmental conditions. the c-jun nh2-terminal kinase (jnk) is crucial for the regulation of the activity of a number of transcription factors, and is activated under stress and environmental fluctuations where it functions in maintaining cell viability and proliferation. we used rna interference and a pharmacological inhibitor of jnk to ... | 2016 | 27120575 |
| identification of the secreted watery saliva proteins of the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) by transcriptome and shotgun lc-ms/ms approach. | the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), a major rice insect pest in asia, is a vascular bundle-feeder that ejects gelling and watery saliva during the feeding process. although major proteins in the salivary glands of n. lugens have been identified using 2d page, very little is known about the secreted saliva of this insect. in this study, we identified the major proteins in the secreted watery saliva of n. lugens, via collecting from a sucrose diet that adult planthoppers had fed ... | 2016 | 27080912 |
| knockdown of two trehalose-6-phosphate synthases severely affects chitin metabolism gene expression in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | rna interference combined with digital gene expression (dge) analysis can be used to study gene function. trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (tps) plays a key role in the synthesis of trehalose and insect development. | 2017 | 27060284 |
| the roles of cyp6ay1 and cyp6er1 in imidacloprid resistance in the brown planthopper: expression levels and detoxification efficiency. | two p450 monooxygenase genes, cyp6ay1 and cyp6er1, were reported to contribute importantly to imidacloprid resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. although recombinant cyp6ay1 could metabolize imidacloprid efficiently, the expression levels of cyp6er1 gene were higher in most resistant populations. in the present study, three field populations were collected from different countries, and the bioassay, rnai and imidacloprid metabolism were performed to evaluate the importance of ... | 2016 | 27017884 |
| silencing of aco decreases reproduction and energy metabolism in triazophos-treated female brown plant hoppers, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown plant hopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae), is a major pest affecting rice in asia, and outbreaks of this pest are closely linked to pesticide-induced stimulation of reproduction. therefore, the bph is a classic example of a resurgent pest. however, the effects of different genes on the regulation of pesticide-induced reproductive stimulation in the bph are unclear. in this study, the regulatory effects of acyl-coenzyme a oxidase (aco) on the reproduction and ... | 2016 | 26969443 |
| identification of a heat shock protein 90 gene involved in resistance to temperature stress in two wing-morphs of nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most destructive pests damaging rice in asia and exhibits wing dimorphism, with brachypters possessing severely reduced wings and macropters bearing fully developed wings. previous studies have shown that macropters are more heat resistant than brachypters. to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the differential thermotolerance abilities of these two morphs, a full-length hsp gene, nlhsp90 was cloned from n. lugen. our results sh ... | 2016 | 26945596 |
| a comprehensive assessment of the effects of transgenic cry1ac/cry1ab rice huahui 1 on adult micraspis discolor (fabricius) (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | micraspis discolor (fabricius) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) is a widely distributed coleoptera predator in southern asia in rice ecosystem, and adult m. discolor feed on both rice pollen and soft-bodied arthropods. bitrophic bioassay and tritrophic bioassay were conducted to evaluate the potential impact of cry1ac/cry1ab-expressing rice huahui 1 and its non-transgenic counterpart minghui 63 on fitness parameters of adult m. discolor. the results showed that the survival, and fecundity of this bee ... | 2016 | 26914608 |
| characteristics of the draft genome of "candidatus arsenophonus nilaparvatae", a facultative endosymbiont of nilaparvata lugens. | there exists a kind of symbiotic bacterium named "candidatus arsenophonus nilaparvatae" in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens. after being filtered and assembled from the bph genome sequencing project, the genome sequence of this bacterial symbiont was obtained. after initial analysis based on the genome, we have found its potential role to synthesize b vitamins for the host. in order to better understand the lifestyle and the genomic changes of this symbiotic bacterium after the sy ... | 2016 | 26792263 |
| a cripavirus in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | a cripavirus-like long unique sequence was identified during transcriptome sequencing of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens. this unique sequence demonstrated high similarity with the whole-genome sequence of cricket paralysis virus, including 5' and 3' untranslated regions; thus we considered it the whole genome of a new virus. we propose that the virus be named nilaparvata lugens c virus (nlcv). the plus-strand rna genome spanned 9144 nt, excluding a 3' poly(a) tail with two large ... | 2016 | 26746854 |
| adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl) mediates the antibiotic jinggangmycin-stimulated reproduction in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål. | the antibiotic jinggangmycin (jgm) is an agrochemical product widely used in china for controlling rice sheath blight, rhizoctonia solani. unexpectedly, it stimulates reproduction in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål). however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the stimulation are unclear. the present investigation demonstrates that adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl) is one of the enzymes involved in the jgm-stimulated reproduction in bph. silence of atgl in jgm-treated ... | 2016 | 26739506 |
| evidence for the presence of biogenic magnetic particles in the nocturnal migratory brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | biogenic magnetic particles have been detected in some migratory insects, which implies the basis of magnetoreception mechanism for orientation and navigation. here, the biogenic magnetic particles in the migratory brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens were qualitatively measured by squid magnetometry, and their characteristics were further determined by prussian blue staining, electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. the results indicate that there were remarkable mag ... | 2016 | 26727944 |
| foxo links wing form polyphenism and wound healing in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | polyphenisms such as wing dimorphisms and caste determination are important in allowing animals to adapt to changing environments. the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens, one of the most serious insect agricultural pests, includes two wing forms, the long wing form (macropterous) and the short wing form (brachypterous). long wings are specialized for migration, while short wings are found in individuals specialized for reproduction. while studying wing form polyphenism in the brown planthopper ... | 2016 | 26696545 |
| functional screen for micrornas of nilaparvata lugens reveals that targeting of glutamine synthase by mir-4868b regulates fecundity. | insect fecundity is regulated by the interaction of genotypes and the environment. micrornas (mirnas) also act in insect development and reproduction by regulating genes involved in these physiological processes. although hundreds of insect mirnas have been identified, the biological roles of most remain poorly understood. here, we used a multi-algorithm approach for mirna target prediction in 3'utrs of fecundity-related genes in the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens and identified 38 p ... | 2015 | 26546713 |
| a salivary sheath protein essential for the interaction of the brown planthopper with rice plants. | salivary secretions, including gel saliva and watery saliva, play crucial roles in the interaction between the insect and plant during feeding. in this study, we identified a salivary gland-specific gene encoding a salivary sheath protein (nlshp) in nilaparvata lugens. nlshp has two alternative splicing variants; both are expressed at high levels during the nymph and adult stages. immunohistochemical staining showed that the nlshp were synthesized in the principal gland cells of the salivary gla ... | 2015 | 26483289 |
| intraspecific and interspecific variations in the mitochondrial genomes of nilaparvata (hemiptera: delphacidae). | planthoppers in the genus nilaparvata distant are serious pests of rice and many other crops in tropical and temperate asia, and northern australia. in this study, the mitochondrial genomes of four nilaparvata planthoppers were sequenced, three in nilaparvata lugens stål and one in nilaparvata muiri china. mitochondrial genome of nilaparvata contain the standard set of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes, 2 ribosomal rna genes, and a control region. the nucleotide composition of nilap ... | 2015 | 26470349 |
| population dynamics of rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera, delphacidae) in central vietnam and its effects on their spring migration to china. | rice planthopper (rph) populations of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera periodically have erupted across asia. predicting rph population dynamics and identifying their source areas are crucial for the management of these migratory pests in china, but the origins of the migrants to temperate and subtropical regions in china remains unclear. in particular, their early migration to china in march and april have not yet been explored due to a lack of research data available from potential s ... | 2017 | 27919313 |
| insulin receptors and wing dimorphism in rice planthoppers. | wing polymorphism contributes significantly to the success of a wide variety of insects. however, its underlying molecular mechanism is less well understood. the migratory planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most extensively studied insects for wing polymorphism, due to its natural features of short- and long-winged morphs. using the bph as an example, we first surveyed the environmental cues that possibly influence wing developmental plasticity. second, we explained the molecul ... | 2017 | 27994130 |
| analysis of the time-concentration-mortality response of nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) to paichongding. | paichongding is an adicyclicnitromethylene neonicotinoid insecticide with a cis-configuration. bioassay of paichongding was conducted against nilaparvata lugens stål under a laboratory condition. mortality of n. lugens was analyzed by time-concentration-mortality (tcm) regressions based on the complementary log-log (cll) model. the conditional mortalities of test individuals increased with the exposure time after treatments with different concentrations, showing that the speed of insecticidal ac ... | 2015 | 26470347 |
| a comparative study on the population fitness of three strains of nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) differ in eye color-related genes. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a destructive insect pest on rice throughout asia. as a visible genetic marker, red eye mutant colony of brown planthopper is a valuable material. here, we established the near-isogenic lines, nil-bb and nil-rr, through mating red eye females to brown eye brothers for eight successive generations. biological experiments showed that nil-bb had big fitness cost; however, nil-rr had comparable survival and fertility parameters with bb, a normal l ... | 2015 | 26470308 |
| jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase regulates development and herbivory-induced defense response in rice. | jasmonic acid (ja) and related metabolites play a key role in plant defense and growth. ja carboxyl methyltransferase (jmt) may be involved in plant defense and development by methylating ja to methyl jasmonate (meja) and thus influencing the concentrations of ja and related metabolites. however, no jmt gene has been well characterized in monocotyledon defense and development at the molecular level. after we cloned a rice jmt gene, osjmt1, whose encoding protein was localized in the cytosol, we ... | 2016 | 26466818 |
| jinggangmycin increases fecundity of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) via fatty acid synthase gene expression. | the antibiotic jinggangmycin (jgm) is mainly used in controlling the rice sheath blight, rhizoctonia solani, in china. jgm also enhances reproduction of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål). to date, however, molecular mechanisms of the enhancement are unclear. our related report documented the influence of foliar jgm sprays on ovarian protein content. here, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq) protocols to analyze ovarian proteins of bph females ... | 2016 | 26388431 |
| changes in endosymbiotic bacteria of brown planthoppers during the process of adaptation to different resistant rice varieties. | the specific primers of five species of endosymbiotic bacteria were designed to determine their numbers in three virulent populations of brown planthopper, nilapavata lugens stål, and to assess changes during adaptation to different resistant varieties using fluorescent quantitative pcr. the results showed that chryseobacterium was the dominant bacteria in all three populations of brown planthopper, followed by acinetobacter in tn1 population, arsenophonus and serratia in mudgo population, and a ... | 2015 | 26313963 |
| the β-n-acetylhexosaminidase gene family in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | β-n-acetylhexosaminidases (hexs) are enzymes that can degrade the chitin oligosaccharides that are produced by the activity of chitinases on chitin in insects. using bioinformatic methods based on genome and transcriptome databases, 11 β-n-acetylhexosaminidase genes (nlhexs) in nilaparvata lugens were identified and characterized. phylogenetic analysis revealed a six-grouped tree topology. the o-linked n-acetylglucosaminidase (o-glcnacase) group includes nlhex11, which harbours a catalytic domai ... | 2015 | 26304035 |
| reduction in mrna and protein expression of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α8 subunit is associated with resistance to imidacloprid in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | target-site resistance is commonly caused by qualitative changes in insecticide target-receptors and few studies have implicated quantitative changes in insecticide targets in resistance. here we show that resistance to imidacloprid in a selected strain of nilaparvata lugens is associated with a reduction in expression levels of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) subunit nlα8. synergism bioassays of the selected strain suggested resistance was conferred, in part, by a target-site mecha ... | 2015 | 26259922 |
| genomic and transcriptomic insights into the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase gene repertoire in the rice pest brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450) gene family is one of the most abundant eukaryotic gene families that encode detoxification enzymes. in this study, we identified an abundance of p450 gene repertoire through genome- and transcriptome-wide analysis in the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), the most destructive rice pest in asia. detailed gene information including the exon-intron organization, size, transcription orientation and distribution in the genome revealed that many p450 loci ... | 2015 | 26234643 |
| molecular characterization, tissue and developmental expression profiles of cryptochrome genes in wing dimorphic brown planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens. | cryptochromes (crys) are blue and uv light photoreceptors, known to play key roles in circadian rhythms and in the light-dependent magnetosensitivity of insects. two novel cryptochrome genes were cloned from the brown planthopper, and were given the designations of nlcry1 and nlcry2, with the accession numbers km108578 and km108579 in genbank. the complementary dna sequences of nlcry1 and nlcry2 are 1935 bp and 2463 bp in length, and they contain an open reading frame of 1629 bp and 1872 bp, enc ... | 2016 | 26227859 |
| herbivory-induced glucose transporter gene expression in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | nilaparvata lugens, the brown planthopper (bph) feeds on rice phloem sap, containing high amounts of sucrose as a carbon source. nutrients such as sugars in the digestive tract are incorporated into the body cavity via transporters with substrate selectivity. eighteen sugar transporter genes of bph (nlst) were reported and three transporters have been functionally characterized. however, individual characteristics of nlst members associated with sugar transport remain poorly understood. comparat ... | 2015 | 26226652 |
| establishing the role of detoxifying enzymes in field-evolved resistance to various insecticides in the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in south india. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), is one of the major pests of rice throughout asia. extensive use of insecticides for suppressing n. lugens has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance leading to frequent control failures in the field. the aim of the present study was to evaluate resistance in the field populations of n. lugens from major rice growing states of south india to various insecticides. we also determined the activity of detoxifying enzymes (esteras ... | 2017 | 26200805 |
| silencing a sugar transporter gene reduces growth and fecundity in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, sugar transporter gene 6 (nlst6) is a facilitative glucose/fructose transporter (often called a passive carrier) expressed in midgut that mediates sugar transport from the midgut lumen to hemolymph. the influence of down regulating expression of sugar transporter genes on insect growth, development, and fecundity is unknown. nonetheless, it is reasonable to suspect that transporter-mediated uptake of dietary sugar is essential to the biology of ph ... | 2015 | 26185058 |
| the multicopper oxidase gene family in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the multicopper oxidase (mco) family of enzymes includes laccases, ascorbate oxidases, bilirubin oxidases and a subgroup of metal oxidases. on the basis of a bioinformatics investigation, we identified 7 genes encoding putative multicopper oxidase proteins in the genome of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). mco1 and mco2 are conserved, while others diverse in insects. analysis of developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns revealed the following: ... | 2015 | 26107750 |
| dna methyltransferases have an essential role in female fecundity in brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | dna methylation is an ancient epigenetic modification present in all three domains of life. however, the understanding of dna methylation in insects is limited. here, we amplified the full-length transcripts of the dna methyltransferases nlu-dnmt1 and nlu-dnmt3, indicating that a complete dna methylation toolkit exists in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, a destructive pest in rice production. nlu-dnmt1 and nlu-dnmt3 had the conserved motifs and domains of the dna methyltransferase fami ... | 2015 | 26043687 |
| activation of the tor signalling pathway by glutamine regulates insect fecundity. | the target of rapamycin (tor) positively controls cell growth in response to nutrients such as amino acids. however, research on the specific nutrients sensed by tor is limited. glutamine (gln), a particularly important amino acid involved in metabolism in organisms, is synthesised and catalysed exclusively by glutamine synthetase (gs), and our previous studies have shown that gln may regulate fecundity in vivo levels of the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens. until now, it has remained ... | 2015 | 26024507 |
| two insulin receptors determine alternative wing morphs in planthoppers. | wing polyphenism is an evolutionarily successful feature found in a wide range of insects. long-winged morphs can fly, which allows them to escape adverse habitats and track changing resources, whereas short-winged morphs are flightless, but usually possess higher fecundity than the winged morphs. studies on aphids, crickets and planthoppers have revealed that alternative wing morphs develop in response to various environmental cues, and that the response to these cues may be mediated by develop ... | 2015 | 25799997 |
| [ecological responses of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, to triazophos and deltamethrin on transgenic bt rice lines and their non-bt parental rice]. | in this study, the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae), cultured on bt rice lines (t1c-19 with cry1c gene and t2a-1 with cry2a gene) and their parental rice mh63, were treated with a series of concentrations of triazophos and deltamethrin when they developed up to the third instar for the evaluation of the effects of bt rice on bph resurgence induced by pesticides. the results indicated that bph nymphal duration decreased with the increasing concentration of delt ... | 2014 | 25796912 |
| the insecticidal activity and action mode of an imidacloprid analogue, 1-(3-pyridylmethyl)-2-nitroimino-imidazolidine. | neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, are key insecticides extensively used for control of nilaparvata lugens. however, imidacloprid resistance has been reported in many asian countries in recent years. to understand the roles of the chlorine atom of pyridyl group on insecticidal activity and resistance, the atom was removed to generate an imidacloprid analogue dc-imi (deschlorine imidacloprid). dc-imi showed significantly higher toxicity than imidacloprid in the susceptible strain of n. lugens, ... | 2016 | 25755197 |
| the effects of triazophos applied to transgenic bt rice on the nutritional indexes, nlvg expression, and population growth of nilaparvata lugens stål under elevated co₂. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae), is a typical pest in which population resurgence can be induced by insecticides. warmer global temperatures, associated with anthropogenic climate change, are likely to have marked ecological effects on terrestrial ecosystems. however, the effects of elevated co2 (eco2) concentrations on the resurgence of n. lugens that have been treated with pesticides used for transgenic bt rice cultivation are not fully understood. the ... | 2015 | 25752430 |
| a new finely mapped oryza australiensis-derived qtl in rice confers resistance to brown planthopper. | brown planthopper (bph) is the most destructive pest of rice in asia. the bph resistance in the introgression line ir65482-17-511-5-7 (ir65482-17) is derived from the wild rice species oryza australiensis. an f2:3 population from a cross between zhenshan 97 (zs97) and ir65482-17 was used to map three quantitative trait loci (qtls) for seedling resistance and feeding rate to bph. the loci were distributed on chromosomes 2, 4 and 12. the qtl qbph4.2 on chromosome 4 had the largest effect, and cont ... | 2015 | 25682936 |
| molecular characterization and rna interference analysis of vitellogenin receptor from nilaparvata lugens (stål). | vitellogenin receptors (vgrs), members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) superfamily, are responsible for taking vitellogenin (vg) into developing oocytes. here the first full-length vgr cdna from a hemipteran insect, the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), was cloned and sequenced. the complete mrna sequence was 6174 bp in length with an open reading frame (orf) of 5796 bp encoding 1931 amino acid residues. n. lugens vgr (nlvgr) contained two ligand-binding domains with five ld ... | 2015 | 25617689 |
| field-evolved resistance to imidacloprid and ethiprole in populations of brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens collected from across south and east asia. | we report on the status of imidacloprid and ethiprole resistance in nilaparvata lugens stål collected from across south and east asia over the period 2005-2012. | 2016 | 25612154 |
| differentially regulated genes in the salivary glands of brown planthopper after feeding in resistant versus susceptible rice varieties. | brown planthopper (bph) is a damaging insect pest of rice. we used suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) and mirror orientation selection to identify differentially regulated genes in salivary glands of bph after feeding on resistant and susceptible varieties. the forward ssh library included 768 clones with insertions ranging from 250 to 1000 bp. after differential screening, a total of 112 transcripts were identified, which included 27 upregulated genes and seven downregulated genes. sev ... | 2015 | 25611813 |
| the genetic basis of population fecundity prediction across multiple field populations of nilaparvata lugens. | identifying the molecular markers for complex quantitative traits in natural populations promises to provide novel insight into genetic mechanisms of adaptation and to aid in forecasting population dynamics. in this study, we investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) using candidate gene approach from high- and low-fecundity populations of the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae) divergently selected for fecundity. we also tested whether the populati ... | 2015 | 25581109 |
| different expression profiles suggest functional differentiation among chemosensory proteins in nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | chemosensory proteins (csps) play various roles in insect physiology including olfaction and development. the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål, is one of the most notorious rice pests worldwide. the wing-from variation and annually long distance migration imply that olfaction would play a key role in n. lugens behavior. in this study, full-length cdnas of nine csps were cloned by the rapid amplification of cdna ends procedure, and their expression profiles were determined by the quanti ... | 2014 | 25527582 |
| the insect ecdysone receptor is a good potential target for rnai-based pest control. | rna interference (rnai) has great potential for use in insect pest control. however, some significant challenges must be overcome before rnai-based pest control can become a reality. one challenge is the proper selection of a good target gene for rnai. here, we report that the insect ecdysone receptor (ecr) is a good potential target for rnai-based pest control in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens, a serious insect pest of rice plants. we demonstrated that the use of a 360 bp fragment (nl ... | 2014 | 25516715 |
| effects of exogenous plant growth regulator abscisic acid-induced resistance in rice on the expression of vitellogenin mrna in nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) adult females. | recent study showed that exogenous abscisic acid (aba) acts as a regulator of plant resistance. this study investigated average injury scale and callose contents of rice, and vitellogenin (nlvg) mrna expression in nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae) adult females after third instar nymphs fed on exogenous aba-treated susceptible [taichung native one (tn1)] and moderately resistant (ir42) rice cultivars. the results showed that exogenous aba significantly decreased average injury s ... | 2014 | 25502025 |
| structural characterization of the catalytic site of a nilaparvata lugens delta-class glutathione transferase. | glutathione transferases (gsts) are a major class of detoxification enzymes that play a central role in the defense against environmental toxicants and oxidative stress. here, we studied the crystal structure of a delta-class glutathione transferase from nilaparvata lugens, nlgstd, to gain insights into its catalytic mechanism. the structure of nlgstd in complex with glutathione, determined at a resolution of 1.7å, revealed that it exists as a dimer and its secondary and tertiary structures are ... | 2015 | 25497345 |
| estimation of the age and amount of brown rice plant hoppers based on bionic electronic nose use. | the brown rice plant hopper (brph), nilaparvata lugens (stal), is one of the most important insect pests affecting rice and causes serious damage to the yield and quality of rice plants in asia. this study used bionic electronic nose technology to sample brph volatiles, which vary in age and amount. principal component analysis (pca), linear discrimination analysis (lda), probabilistic neural network (pnn), bp neural network (bpnn) and loading analysis (loadings) techniques were used to analyze ... | 2014 | 25268913 |
| wingless gene cloning and its role in manipulating the wing dimorphism in the white-backed planthopper, sogatella furcifera. | wingless gene (wg) plays a fundamental role in regulating the segment polarity and wing imaginal discs of insects. the rice planthoppers have an obvious wing dimorphism, and the long- and short-winged forms exist normally in natural populations. however, the molecular characteristics and functions of wg in rice planthoppers are poorly understood, and the relationship between expression level of wg and wing dimorphism has not been clarified. | 2014 | 25266639 |
| radar observations of the seasonal migration of brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) in southern china. | the summer and autumn migrations of the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) were observed in southern china with a millimetric scanning entomological radar and a searchlight trap supplemented with capture in field cages, field surveys, and dissections of females. nilaparvata lugens took off at dusk and dawn in summer, but in autumn there was sometimes only a dusk take-off. the variation of the area density of the radar targets indicated that flight durations were about 9-10 h. in summer, plan ... | 2014 | 25229712 |
| construction of an immobilised acetylcholinesterase column and its application in screening insecticidal constituents from magnolia officinalis. | application of a matrix-immobilised target enzyme for screening inhibitors is widely used in drug development, but there are few studies in insecticide discovery. in this paper, an economical and effective immobilised acetylcholinesterase (ache) column was prepared using the sol-gel embedment method, which was further combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for screening the ache inhibitors and insecticidal compounds from complex natural products. | 2015 | 25228142 |
| chitinase-like gene family in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | chitinases are important enzymes required for chitin degradation and reconstruction in insects. based on a bioinformatics investigation, we identified 12 genes encoding putative chitinase-like proteins, including 10 chitinases (cht), one imaginal disc growth factor (idgf) and one endo-β-n-acetylglucosaminidase (engase) in the genome of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). these 12 genes were clustered into nine different groups, with 11 in glycoside hydrolase famil ... | 2015 | 25224926 |
| decrease of insecticide resistance over generations without exposure to insecticides in nilaparvata lugens (hemipteran: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is one of the most important insect pests on paddy rice in tropical and temperate asia. overuse and misuse of insecticides have resulted in the development of high resistance to many different insecticides in this pest. studies were conducted to evaluate the change of resistance level to four insecticides over 15 generations without any exposure to insecticides in brown planthopper. after 15 generations' rearing without exposure to insecticide, b ... | 2014 | 25195455 |
| comparisons of topical and spray applications of two pesticides, triazophos and jinggangmycin, on the protein content in the ovaries and fat bodies of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera:delphacidae). | the pesticide-induced stimulation of reproduction in pests is one of the most important mechanisms of pest resurgence. there have been numerous reports on the insecticide-induced stimulation of reproduction. however, the relationship between pesticide application method and pest resurgence (stimulation of reproduction) has received little attention. here, we studied the effect of two treatment methods, triazophos (tzp) and jinggangmycin (jgm), on the protein content in the ovaries and fat bodies ... | 2014 | 25175656 |
| isolation, characterization, and cross-transferability of microsatellite markers from the whitebacked planthopper (sogatella furcifera). | the whitebacked planthopper sogatella furcifera (horváth) (hemiptera: delphacidae) is one of the most harmful pests of rice. in this study, 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from s. furcifera genomic libraries using the fast isolation by amplified fragment length polymorphism of sequences containing repeat protocols. microsatellite polymorphism was investigated using 32 individuals from one natural population. these 18 simple sequence repeat markers showed a number of alleles ... | 2014 | 25158251 |
| identification of promoter polymorphisms in the cytochrome p450 cyp6ay1 linked with insecticide resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | imidacloprid resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is primarily the result of the over-expression of cytochrome p450 monooxygenases. here, a field-collected strain of n. lugens was shown to be highly resistant to both imidacloprid and buprofezin. insecticide exposure and quantitative real-time pcr revealed that its resistance was mainly associated with a cytochrome p450 gene, cyp6ay1. cyp6ay1 is known to metabolize imidacloprid but its effect on buprofezin is unclear. in the 5 ... | 2014 | 25124988 |
| physiological efects of paichongding applied to rice on the nilaparvata lugens (stå l), the brown planthopper. | nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a major rice pest in asia. paichongding is a novel neonicotinoid insecticide developed in 2008. the effects of this insecticide on the activity of detoxification enzymes of n. lugens and on rice resistance to the pest were examined in the laboratory. the results showed that paichongding could significantly decrease the acetylcholinesterase and gshs transferase activities of n. lugens. the variation tendency of mixed function oxidase (mfo) activity was similar with th ... | 2014 | 25042427 |
| chitin deacetylase family genes in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | chitin deacetylases (cdas) are enzymes required for one of the pathways of chitin degradation, in which chitosan is produced by the deacetylation of chitin. bioinformatic investigations with genomic and transcriptomic databases identified four genes encoding cdas in nilaparvata lugens (nlcdas). phylogenetic analysis showed that insect cdas were clustered into five major groups. group i, iii and iv cdas are found in all insect species, whereas the pupa-specific group ii and gut-specific group v c ... | 2014 | 24989071 |
| genetic mapping of the rice resistance-breaking gene of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | host plant resistance has been widely used for controlling the major rice pest brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens). however, adaptation of the wild bph population to resistance limits the effective use of resistant rice varieties. quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis was conducted to identify resistance-breaking genes against the anti-feeding mechanism mediated by the rice resistance gene bph1. qtl analysis in iso-female bph lines with single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers dete ... | 2014 | 24870048 |
| heat-dependent fecundity enhancement observed in nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) after treatment with triazophos. | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae) is a serious pest of rice crops in the temperate and tropical regions of asia and australia, and it is also a classic example of an insecticide-induced resurgent pest. brown planthopper outbreaks have been reported to be closely associated with pesticide application. previous studies have shown that the insecticide triazophos enhances thermal tolerance and fecundity in brown planthopper. however, the effects of triazophos a ... | 2014 | 24763100 |
| the content of amino acids in artificial diet influences the development and reproduction of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | nitrogen availability from dietary protein has profound effects on the physiology and ecology of insect herbivores. the amount of amino acids consumed by nilaparvata lugens impacts its phenotypic characteristics and reproduction. in this work, we hypothesized that amino acids deficiency leads to physiological trade-offs between survival and reproduction. we investigated the effect of larval nutrition on larval period, wing dimorphism, egg production, ovarian development, lifespan, and stored nut ... | 2014 | 24753101 |
| heavy metal bioaccumulation and mobility from rice plants to nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae) in china. | samples of soils, rice plants, and the adult, long-winged, brown planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae), were collected from 18 sites of 9 regions in southern china. the concentrations of seven elements (cu, zn, as, mo, ag, cd, and pb) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. heavy metal mobility and bioaccumulation were analyzed in the rice plant-n. lugens system. the concentrations of zn, as, cd, and pb in rice plants were positively correlate ... | 2014 | 24735989 |
| will climate change affect outbreak patterns of planthoppers in bangladesh? | recently, planthoppers outbreaks have intensified across asia resulting in heavy rice yield losses. the problem has been widely reported as being induced by insecticides while other factors such as global warming that could be potential drivers have been neglected. here, we speculate that global warming may increase outbreak risk of brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål.). we present data that demonstrate the relationship between climate variables (air temperature and precipitation) and the ... | 2014 | 24618677 |
| outbreaks of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) in the yangtze river delta: immigration or local reproduction? | an effective control strategy for migratory pests is difficult to implement because the cause of infestation (i.e., immigration or local reproduction) is often not established. in particular, the outbreak mechanisms of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), an insect causing massive losses in rice fields in the yangtze river delta in china, are frequently unclear. field surveys of n. lugens were performed in jiangsu and zhejiang provinces in 2008 to 2010 and related historical data fr ... | 2014 | 24558459 |
| feeding-induced interactions between two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera: delphacidae): effects on feeding and honeydew excretion. | a series of laboratory experiments was conducted using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement to study the effects of feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion between planthoppers nilaparvata lugens (stål) and sogatela furcifera (horváth). feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions affected many measures of feeding behavior. the number of salivary flanges, mean duration of pathway activities per i ... | 2013 | 24468558 |
| selection and evaluation of potential reference genes for gene expression analysis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) using reverse-transcription quantitative pcr. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera, delphacidae), is one of the most important rice pests. abundant genetic studies on bph have been conducted using reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr). using qrt-pcr, the expression levels of target genes are calculated on the basis of endogenous controls. these genes need to be appropriately selected by experimentally assessing whether they are stably expressed under different conditions. however, such studies on p ... | 2014 | 24466124 |
| de novo analysis of the nilaparvata lugens (stål) antenna transcriptome and expression patterns of olfactory genes. | we sequenced the antenna transcriptome of the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a global rice pest, and performed transcriptome analysis on bph antenna. we obtained about 40million 90bp reads that were assembled into 75,874 unigenes with a mean size of 456bp. among the antenna transcripts, 32,856 (43%) showed significant similarity (e-value <1e(-5)) to known proteins in the ncbi database. gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (kegg) analyses were used to cla ... | 2014 | 24440828 |
| cell culture of the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the rice brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice in asia. although resistant rice varieties can be effective in managing planthopper populations, bph has repeatedly been able to overcome resistant rice varieties. it is possible that bph adaptation to resistant rice varieties may be related to its endosymbionts. we investigated methods for culturing bph cells in order to study in-depth interactions between rice, bph, and its endosymb ... | 2014 | 24399256 |
| bioefficacy of piper ribesioides (piperaceae) extracts against nilaparvata lugens stal. (homoptera: delphacidae). | the extracts of stem and seeds of piper ribesioides (piperaceae) were prepared in hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol and evaluated for their efficacy against 3-day-old adult brown plant hoppers, nilaparvata lugens stal under laboratory conditions. the treatment was given topically and results suggest the dose dependent response related to exposure time. the ethyl acetate extract was the best with an lc50 = 738 ppm-, 24 h post-treatment. there was substantial increase in activity ... | 2014 | 26084101 |
| actin-mediated transovarial transmission of a yeastlike symbiont in the brown planthopper. | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera, delphacidae) harbors an obligate endosymbiont called the yeastlike symbiont (yls) in their abdominal fat body. yls, a filamentous ascomycete belonging to the family clavicipitaceae, does not spend any part of its life cycle outside the planthopper's body. the yls is transferred to the next generation via transovarial transmission; it enters the epithelial plug at the posterior end of the host female's ovariole and is transferred to her offspri ... | 2014 | 24315960 |
| molecular basis for insecticide-enhanced thermotolerance in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera:delphacidae). | climate change is likely to have marked ecological effects on terrestrial ecosystems, including the activities of insect pests. most attention has focused on the increasing geographical ranges of pests; however, if extrinsic factors enhance their thermotolerance, populations may express increased voltinism and longer daily and annual activity periods. these changes in pest populations have the potential for severe consequences, including increased crop losses and decreased food security at the g ... | 2013 | 24303791 |
| single-feature polymorphism mapping of isogenic rice lines identifies the influence of terpene synthase on brown planthopper feeding preferences. | bph3, a major brown planthopper (bph) resistance locus derived from the rice cultivar rathu heenati (rh), has been used as a stable donor of traits that improve highly susceptible aromatic rice varieties in thailand. map-based cloning was initiated using a set of isogenic lines (ils) harboring the major bph3 locus on chromosome 6. il genomes were scanned with a 57 k affymetrix rice genechip to identify the gene responsible for bph3. | 2013 | 24280452 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of salivary glands of two populations of rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, that differ in virulence. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a destructive rice pest in asia, can quickly overcome rice resistance by evolving new virulent populations. herbivore saliva plays an important role in plant-herbivore interactions, including in plant defense and herbivore virulence. however, thus far little is known about bph saliva at the molecular level, especially its role in virulence and bph-rice interaction. | 2013 | 24244529 |
| dicer1 is crucial for the oocyte maturation of telotrophic ovary in nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: geometroidea). | as a member of the rnase iii nucleases family, dicer1 (dcr1) protein plays an essential role in the production of micrornas (mirnas) and oocyte development. here, the full-length cdna of nilaparvata lugens dcr1 (nldcr1) was firstly cloned and analyzed, and then the function of nldcr1 gene was investigated by rnai. the open reading frame of nldcr1 cdna was 6,720 bp in length (genbank accession no. jx644040), which encoded for a protein of 2,239 amino acids. the nldcr1 transcripts were present in ... | 2013 | 24132808 |
| proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of fecundity in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | as an r-strategy insect species, the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a serious pest of rice crops in the temperate and tropical regions of asia and australia, which may be due to its robust fecundity. here we combined 2-de comparative proteomic and rna-seq transcriptomic analyses to identify fecundity-related proteins and genes. using high- and low-fecundity populations as sample groups, a total of 54 and 75 proteins were significantly altered in the third and sixth day brac ... | 2013 | 24083549 |
| complete genome sequences of two iflaviruses from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the complete genome sequences of two new iflaviruses (genus iflavirus, family iflaviridae) were determined. these viral sequences were first identified in rna-seq contig sequences of nilaparvata lugens in two distinct colonies: izumo and kagoshima. the accuracy of the contig sequences of the two viruses was verified by restriction enzyme digestion of rt-pcr products from viruliferous insects. rt-pcr of rna extracted from honeydews after viruliferous insect feeding detected the expected viral pro ... | 2014 | 24065216 |
| influences of chlorpyrifos on antioxidant enzyme activities of nilaparvata lugens. | the brown planthoppers (nilaparvata lugens, bph) resistant to chlorpyrifos were selected in laboratory for eight generations. in the full course, the successive changes of activities of sod, cat and pod were analyzed. the analyses revealed that increasing of ld50 value was parallel to increasing of sod, cat, and pod, all of which increased gradually generation by generation. qrt-pcr showed that cat was not directly involved in chlorpyrifos detoxification, but could be transcriptionally induced b ... | 2013 | 24064262 |
| effects of two bt rice lines t2a-1 and t1c-19 on the ecological fitness and detoxification enzymes of nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) from different populations. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae), exhibits geographic and temporal variations in its virulence and damage characteristics on cultivated rice varieties, so the potential ecological risk of the nontarget effectiveness of bt rice on different brown planthopper populations should be addressed. the nontarget effects of two bt rice lines t2a-1 (cry2a rice) and t1c-19 (cry1c rice) on six brown planthopper populations with geographical, virulent, and resistant vari ... | 2013 | 24020307 |
| genome-wide analysis of nilaparvata lugens nymphal responses to high-density and low-quality rice hosts. | the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens is an economically important pest on rice plants. in this study, the higher population density and yellow-ripe stage of rice plants were used to construct adverse survival conditions (asc) against bph nymphs. simultaneously, the low population density and tillering stage of rice plants were used to establish a suitable survival condition (ssc) as a control. solexa/illumina sequencing was used to identify genes of bph nymphs responding to asc. signif ... | 2013 | 23956011 |
| biological and biochemical characterization of a red-eye mutant in nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | a red-eye colony was established in our laboratory in brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a major rice pest in asia. except for the red-eye phenotype, no other differences were observed between the wild-type (brown eye) and the mutant-type (red eye) in external characters. genetic analysis revealed that the red-eye phenotype was controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele. biological studies found that egg production and egg viability in the red-eye mutant colony were not s ... | 2014 | 23955841 |
| molecular characterization and gene functional analysis of dicer-2 gene from nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: geometroidea). | nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: geometroidea), a serious rice pest in many countries of asia, causes a great loss in rice production every year. rna interference (rnai) is a powerful technology for gene function study in insects and a potential tool for pest control. as a core component of rnai pathway, dicer-2 (dcr-2) protein determines the production of small interfering rna (sirna) and is crucial for the efficiency of rnai. in this study, the full-length complementary dna (cdna) of n. l ... | 2013 | 23955826 |
| transcriptome analysis of neuropeptides and g-protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) for neuropeptides in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | the genes encoding neuropeptides, neurohormones and their putative g-protein coupled receptors were identified in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) by transcriptome analysis (rna-seq). forty-eight candidate genes were found to encode neuropeptides or peptide hormones. these include all known insect neuropeptides and neurohormones, with the exception of neuropeptide-like precursor 2 (nplp2) and trissin. the gene coding for prothoracicotropic hormone (ptth) was first identifie ... | 2014 | 23932938 |
| zero effect of bt rice on expression of genes coding for digestion, detoxification and immune responses and developmental performances of brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | transgenic cry1ac, cry2aa and cry1ca (bt toxins) rice lines are well developed to manage lepidopteron pests in china. the impact of transgenic bt rice on the non-target brown planthopper (bph) has become an essential part of environmental risk assessment, however, scanty evidence is found addressing on developmental and molecular responses of bph to the ingestion of bt protein from transgenic rice. the focus of the current study is to examine the developmental characteristics and the expression ... | 2013 | 23920284 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a ryanodine receptor gene in brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål). | ryanodine receptors (ryrs) are a distinct class of intracellular calcium (ca(2+)) release channel. the recent discovery of diamide insecticides has prompted studies on insect ryrs. however, information about the structure and function of insect ryrs is still limited. in this study, we isolated and characterized a full-length ryr cdna (named nlryr) from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae), a serious rice pest throughout asia. | 2014 | 23893901 |
| conserved micrornas mir-8-5p and mir-2a-3p modulate chitin biosynthesis in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | molting is an important developmental process in insects, usually along with synthesis and degradation of chitin. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e), an insect hormone, has been reported to contribute to many processes including molting. however, little is known about the link between the chitin biosynthesis pathway and 20e signaling. here, we report that conserved mir-8-5p (mir-8-5p) and mir-2a-3p and their new target genes are critical for ecdysone-induced chitin biosynthesis in a hemipteran insect nila ... | 2013 | 23796434 |
| the genome sequence and transmission of an iflavirus from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | a previously unknown iflavirus has been identified in a laboratory colony of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. the iflavirus-like sequence was first identified in contig sequences obtained from transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) of the brown planthopper. the complete viral genome was resequenced using the sanger method. the positive-strand rna genome was 10,937 nucleotides excluding the 3' poly(a) tail, and contained a single large open reading frame encoding coat proteins in the 5' reg ... | 2013 | 23777870 |
| insecticide susceptibilities in populations of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera, immigrating into japan in the period 2005-2012. | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens and the whitebacked planthopper sogatella furcifera are both important pests on rice throughout asia. the major cause of recent outbreaks is thought to be the development of insecticide resistance. thus, the authors monitored insecticide susceptibilities in populations of these two insects immigrating into japan in the period 2005-2012. ten insecticides were tested, including members of the organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroid, neonicotinoid and phenylp ... | 2014 | 23754555 |
| [geographical populations of brown planthopper in nanning of south china and in vietnam: a comparative study]. | a comparison was made on the differences of the geographical populations of brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), collected from nanning of south china and from ha noi, ha tinh, hue, tp. ho chi minh, and song cuu long of vietnam. the bph populations from nanning, ha noi, ha tinh and hue could damage the rice varieties with bph1 and bph2 genes, whereas the bph populations from tp. ho chi minh and song cuu long showed stronger virulence to the rice varieties with bph1, bph2, bph3 and ... | 2013 | 23718009 |
| [sublethal effect of chlorantraniliprole on the experimental population of non-target insect nilaparvata lugens (stål)]. | chlorantraniliprole is a newly developed insecticide targeting at lepidopteron pests in rice fields, whereas nilaparvata lugens (stål) is one of the important non-target pests of the insecticide. in this paper, the rice stem dipping method was adopted to test the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to the 3rd instar nymphs and adults of n. lugens. the lc50 of chlorantraniliprole to the 3rd instar nymphs and adults was 26.85 and 35.53 mg.l-1, respectively. when the 3rd instar nymph was exposed to the ... | 2013 | 23705404 |
| multi-generational effects of rice harboring bph15 on brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most devastating rice pests in asia. resistant cultivars are an effective way of managing bph. bph15 is a bph resistance gene and has been introgressed into rice variety minghui 63 (mh63). the multi-generational effects of rice line mh63::15 (harboring bph15) on bph were investigated and compared with its parental line mh63. | 2014 | 23589438 |
| mitochondrial cox sequences of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera, delphacidae): low specificity among asian planthopper populations. | the brown planthoppers (bph) nilaparvata lugens (stål) and the white-backed planthoppers (wbph) sogatella furcifera (horváth) annually migrate from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate regions in asia, including japan, korea and northern china. to elucidate the genetic divergence based on geography of planthoppers and to estimate their migration route on the basis of molecular data, we analysed a part of their mitochondrial genome sequences. sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit i (co ... | 2013 | 23537548 |
| the influence of typhoon khanun on the return migration of nilaparvata lugens (stål) in eastern china. | migratory insects adapt to and exploit the atmospheric environment to complete their migration and maintain their population. however, little is known about the mechanism of insect migration under the influence of extreme weather conditions such as typhoons. a case study was conducted to investigate the effect of typhoon khanun, which made landfall in the eastern china in sept. 2005, on the migration of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). the migration pathways of n. lugens were recons ... | 2013 | 23468954 |
| sublethal effects of paichongding on nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a major rice pest in asia paichongding is a novel neonicotinoid insecticide developed in 2008. the effects of this insecticide on life-table parameters and wing formation of n. lugens were examined in the laboratory. the results showed that paichongding could significantly reduce the fecundity of n. lugens, demonstrating further activity against this pest in addition to direct toxicity. the fecundity of n. lugens treated with lc20, lc30, lc40, and lc50 of paichongdin ... | 2013 | 23448009 |
| a simple sequence repeat- and single-nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic linkage map of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | in this study, we developed the first genetic linkage map for the major rice insect pest, the brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens). the linkage map was constructed by integrating linkage data from two backcross populations derived from three inbred bph strains. the consensus map consists of 474 simple sequence repeats, 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and 1 sequence-tagged site, for a total of 518 markers at 472 unique positions in 17 linkage groups. the linkage groups cover 1093.9 cm, ... | 2013 | 23204257 |
| effects of elevated co₂ on the nutrient compositions and enzymes activities of nilaparvata lugens nymphs fed on rice plants. | elevated co(2) may reduce the tolerance of nilaparvata lugen (n. lugens) to adverse environmental factors through the biological and physiological degeneration of n. lugens. in an artificial climate box, under 375 and 750 μl l(-1) co(2) levels, the rice stems nutrient content, the nutrient content and enzyme activities of n. lugens nymph fed on rice seedlings exposed to ambient and elevated co(2) were studied. the results showed that rice stems had significantly higher protein and total amino ac ... | 2012 | 23108869 |
| heat stress impedes development and lowers fecundity of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | this study investigated the effects of sub-lethal high temperatures on the development and reproduction of the brown plant hopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). when first instar nymphs were exposed at their ult(50) (41.8°c) mean development time to adult was increased in both males and females, from 15.2±0.3 and 18.2±0.3 days respectively in the control to 18.7±0.2 and 19±0.2 days in the treated insects. these differences in development arising from heat stress experienced in the first instar nymph ... | 2012 | 23071803 |
| isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål). | brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) (homoptera: delphacidae) is an economically important pest on rice. in this study, 30 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from n. lugens genomic libraries using the method of fast isolation by aflp of sequence containing repeats (fiasco). polymorphism of each locus was detected in 48 individuals from two natural populations. these microsatellite loci revealed 2 to 18 alleles, and the expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.04 ... | 2012 | 22949813 |
| a novel member of the trehalose transporter family functions as an h(+)-dependent trehalose transporter in the reabsorption of trehalose in malpighian tubules. | in insects, malpighian tubules are functionally analogous to mammalian kidneys in that they not only are essential to excrete waste molecules into the lumen but also are responsible for the reabsorption of indispensable molecules, such as sugars, from the lumen to the principal cells. among sugars, the disaccharide trehalose is highly important to insects because it is the main hemolymph sugar to serve as a source of energy and carbon. the trehalose transporter tret1 participates in the transfer ... | 2012 | 22934042 |