| design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity of novel pyrazole derivatives containing α-hydroxymethyl-n-benzyl carboxamide, α-chloromethyl-n-benzyl carboxamide, and 4,5-dihydrooxazole moieties. | on the basis of commercial insecticides tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad, two series of novel pyrazole-5-carboxamides containing α-hydroxymethyl-n-benzyl or α-chloromethyl-n-benzyl and pyrazoles containing 4,5-dihydrooxazole moieties were designed and synthesized via the key intermediate 2-amino-1-(4-substituted) phenyl ethanol. the structures of target compounds were confirmed by (1)h nmr and elemental analysis or high-resolution mass spectrum (hrms), and their activities against cotton bollworm (h ... | 2012 | 22304385 |
| brevicoryne brassicae aphids interfere with transcriptome responses of arabidopsis thaliana to feeding by plutella xylostella caterpillars in a density-dependent manner. | plants are commonly attacked by multiple herbivorous species. yet, little is known about transcriptional patterns underlying plant responses to multiple insect attackers feeding simultaneously. here, we assessed transcriptomic responses of arabidopsis thaliana plants to simultaneous feeding by plutella xylostella caterpillars and brevicoryne brassicae aphids in comparison to plants infested by p. xylostella caterpillars alone, using microarray analysis. we particularly investigated how aphid fee ... | 2017 | 27771762 |
| dynamics of glucosinolate-myrosinase system during plutella xylostella interaction to a novel host lepidium latifolium l. | plutella xylostella l. is a notorious pest of cruciferous crops causing worldwide losses of $4-5 billion per year. developing classical biological control to this pest include an introduction of host plants that act as natural enemies showing deviation from the preference-performance regimen in the evolutionary ecology of plant-insect interactions. the present study was designed to understand the role of glucosinolate-myrosinase system during p. xylostella interactions with a novel host. adult m ... | 2016 | 27457978 |
| development of a new method to prepare nano-/microparticles loaded with extracts of azadirachta indica, their characterization and use in controlling plutella xylostella. | biodegradable nanoparticles have been widely explored as carriers for controlled delivery of therapeutic molecules; however, studies describing the development of nanoparticles as carriers for biopesticide products are few. in this work, a new method to prepare nanoparticles loaded with neem (azadirachta indica) extracts is presented. in this study, nanoparticles were formulated as colloidal suspension and (spray-dried) powder and characterized by evaluating ph, particle size, zeta potential, mo ... | 2013 | 23991702 |
| impact of botanical pesticides derived from melia azedarach and azadirachta indica plants on the emission of volatiles that attract parasitoids of the diamondback moth to cabbage plants. | herbivorous and carnivorous arthropods use chemical information from plants during foraging. aqueous leaf extracts from the syringa tree melia azedarach and commercial formulations from the neem tree azadirachta indica, neemix 4.5, were investigated for their impact on the flight response of two parasitoids, cotesia plutellae and diadromus collaris. cotesia plutellae was attracted only to plutella xylostella-infested cabbage plants in a wind tunnel after an oviposition experience. female c. plut ... | 2006 | 16555134 |
| experience-altered oviposition responses to a neem-based product, neemix, by the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | the oviposition responses of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., to neemix 4.5, a neem-based oviposition repellent/deterrent, with or without previous experience were studied in the laboratory on plain aluminum foil sheets, on aluminum foil sheets coated with cabbage juice, and on cabbage plants. in the plain aluminum foil sheet experiment, the females without prior experience of neemix (inexperienced females) deposited more eggs (66.2%) on sections with untreated sheets than on sectio ... | 2006 | 16217730 |
| behavioural responses of diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) to extracts derived from melia azedarach and azadirachta indica. | the impact of three different doses of botanical insecticide derived from the syringa tree, melia azedarach and the neem tree, azadirachta indica was tested on the behaviour of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linnaeus). both botanical insecticides had a significant impact on larval behaviour. at higher doses the extracts showed feeding deterrent activity, with larvae preferring the untreated sides of cabbage leaves and consuming less of the treated half of cabbage leaves. the botanica ... | 2005 | 16197566 |
| [evaluation of plant protectants against pest insects]. | an interference index of population control (iipc) was constructed for investigating the complex effects of plant protectants, including the effects of repelling insect pests away from the plant, deterring the egg laying of adults and the continuation of feeding, and causing death by toxicity. at the same time, indicated by iipc, the alcohol extracts of some common plants, such as eucalytus rubusta, wedelia chinensis etc. and the neem oil gave very good results to protect the plant against plute ... | 2000 | 11766564 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping of partial resistance to diamondback moth in cabbage (brassica oleracea l). | the resistance to diamondback moth insect in cabbage is governed by many minor loci in quantitative nature, and at least four genetic loci should be incorporated in marker-assisted breeding program for developing partially resistant dbm cabbage cultivars. the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (l.), is the most destructive insect infesting cruciferous plants worldwide. earlier studies have reported that the glossy leaves of cabbage are associated with resistance to this insect. however, ... | 2015 | 25805317 |
| quantification of plant surface metabolites by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry imaging: glucosinolates on arabidopsis thaliana leaves. | the localization of metabolites on plant surfaces has been problematic because of the limitations of current methodologies. attempts to localize glucosinolates, the sulfur-rich defense compounds of the order brassicales, on leaf surfaces have given many contradictory results depending on the method employed. here we developed a matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (maldi) mass spectrometry protocol to detect surface glucosinolates on arabidopsis thaliana leaves by applying the maldi matri ... | 2015 | 25600688 |
| engineering of benzylglucosinolate in tobacco provides proof-of-concept for dead-end trap crops genetically modified to attract plutella xylostella (diamondback moth). | glucosinolates are biologically active natural products characteristic of crucifers, including oilseed rape, cabbage vegetables and the model plant arabidopsis thaliana. crucifer-specialist insect herbivores, like the economically important pest plutella xylostella (diamondback moth), frequently use glucosinolates as oviposition stimuli. this suggests that the transfer of a glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway to a non-crucifer would stimulate oviposition on an otherwise non-attractive plant. here ... | 2012 | 22256859 |
| non-photochemical quenching capacity in arabidopsis thaliana affects herbivore behaviour. | under natural conditions, plants have to cope with numerous stresses, including light-stress and herbivory. this raises intriguing questions regarding possible trade-offs between stress defences and growth. as part of a program designed to address these questions we have compared herbivory defences and damage in wild type arabidopsis thaliana and two "photoprotection genotypes", npq4 and oepsbs, which respectively lack and overexpress psbs (a protein that plays a key role in qe-type non-photoche ... | 2013 | 23301046 |
| an ecological genomic approach challenging the paradigm of differential plant responses to specialist versus generalist insect herbivores. | a general prediction of the specialist/generalist paradigm indicates that plant responses to insect herbivores may depend on the degree of ecological specialization of the insect attacker. however, results from a single greenhouse experiment evaluating the responses of the model plant arabidopsis thaliana to three specialist (plutella xylostella, pieris rapae, and brevicoryne brassicae) and three generalist (trichoplusia ni, spodoptera exigua, and myzus persicae) insect species did not support t ... | 2011 | 21625984 |
| interaction of glucosinolate content of arabidopsis thaliana mutant lines and feeding and oviposition by generalist and specialist lepidopterans. | the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae), is an insect specialized on glucosinolate-containing brassicaceae that uses glucosinolates in host-plant recognition. we used wild-type and mutants of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. (brassicaceae) to investigate the interaction between plant glucosinolate and myrosinase content and herbivory by larvae of the generalist helicoverpa armigera hübner (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and the specialist p. xylostella. we also measured ... | 2013 | 23218016 |
| plutella xylostella (l.) infestations at varying temperatures induce the emission of specific volatile blends by arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | the effect of combined abiotic and biotic factors on plant volatile organic compound (voc) emissions is poorly understood. this study evaluated the voc emissions produced by arabidopsis thaliana (l.) col-0 subjected to 3 temperature regimes (17, 22, and 27°c) in the presence and absence of plutella xylostella larvae over 2 time intervals (0-4 and 4-8 h), in comparison to control plants. the analyses of vocs emitted by arabidopsis plants were made by headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme ... | 2014 | 25482777 |
| using yellow rocket as a trap crop for diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | yellow rocket, barbarea vulgaris (r. br.) variety arcuata, was evaluated as a trap crop for diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), in cabbage, brassica oleracea l. variety capitata, in 2003 and 2004. in 2003, the numbers of p. xylostella larvae found in field plots of cabbage alone were 5.2-11.3 times higher than those on cabbage plants in plots that included cabbage and several rows of yellow rocket. in an outdoor experiment in screenhouses, p. xylostella oviposi ... | 2005 | 16022317 |
| manipulating the attractiveness and suitability of hosts for diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | ovipositional preference and larval survival of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), were compared among cabbage, brassica oleracea l. variety capitata; glossy collards, brassica oleracea l. variety acephala; and yellow rocket, barbarea vulgaris (r. br.) variety arcuata in different treatments of planting density, host plant age, intercropping, and water stress in 2003 and 2004. p. xylostella laid nearly twice as many eggs per plant in the high planting densities of glossy collards an ... | 2005 | 16022312 |
| density-dependent interference of aphids with caterpillar-induced defenses in arabidopsis: involvement of phytohormones and transcription factors. | in nature, plants are exposed to attacks by multiple herbivore species at the same time. to cope with these attacks, plants regulate defenses with the production of hormones such as salicylic acid (sa) and jasmonic acid (ja). because herbivore densities are dynamic in time, this may affect plant-mediated interactions between different herbivores attacking at the same time. in arabidopsis thaliana, feeding by brevicoryne brassicae aphids interferes with induced defenses against plutella xylostell ... | 2015 | 25339349 |
| a saponin correlated with variable resistance of barbarea vulgaris to the diamondback moth plutella xylostella. | two types of barbarea vulgaris var. arcuata, the g-type and the p-type, differed in resistance to larvae of the diamondback moth (dbm) platella xylostella. rosette plants of the g-type were fully resistant to the dbm when grown in a greenhouse or collected in the summer season, but leaves collected during the late fall were less resistant, as previously found for flea beetle resistance. the p-type was always susceptible. extracts of resistant leaflets inhibited larval growth in a bioassay, and a ... | 2003 | 12918925 |
| atmyb44 regulates resistance to the green peach aphid and diamondback moth by activating ein2-affected defences in arabidopsis. | recently we showed that the transcription activator atmyb44 regulates expression of ein2, a gene essential for ethylene signalling and insect resistance, in arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis). to link the transactivation with insect resistance, we investigated the wild-type and atmyb44 mutant plants, genetically complemented atmyb44 (catmyb44) and atmyb44-overexpression transgenic arabidopsis (myb44ota). we found that atmyb44 played a critical role in arabidopsis resistance to the phloem-feeding ... | 2013 | 23656500 |
| movement of cyantraniliprole in plants after foliar applications and its impact on the control of sucking and chewing insects. | given the physical properties of insecticides, there is often some movement of these compounds within crop plants following foliar application. in this context, movement of two formulations of cyantraniliprole, an anthranilic diamide, was characterized for translocation to new growth, distribution within a leaf and penetration through the leaf cuticle. | 2015 | 24771486 |
| amplifying long transcripts of ryanodine receptors of five agricultural pests by transcriptome analysis and gap filling. | ryanodine receptor (ryr) is an intracellular calcium release channel that plays a key role in excitation contraction coupling. insect ryr is the target of diamide insecticides. better understanding of insect ryr is necessary for studying the molecular mode of action and potential resistance mechanism of diamide insecticides. however, molecular manipulation of the full ryr gene is difficult because of its length (approximately 15 kb). at present, ryr genes have been reported only in a limited num ... | 2013 | 24299104 |
| novel phthalamides containing sulfiliminyl moieties and derivatives as potential ryanodine receptor modulators. | to tackle the serious challenge of insect resistance and stricter environmental regulations, innovating a new eco-friendly insecticide is urgently required. a series of new phthalamides containing sulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl moieties were designed and synthesized. in total, 30 new structures were characterized by 1h nmr spectra and hrms. the bioassay results indicated that some title compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (pseudaletia separata walker) a ... | 2014 | 25026986 |
| pathogenicity of a microsporidium isolate from the diamondback moth against noctuid moths: characterization and implications for microbiological pest management. | due to problems with chemical control, there is increasing interest in the use of microsporidia for control of lepidopteran pests. however, there have been few studies to evaluate the susceptibility of exotic species to microsporidia from indigenous lepidoptera. | 2013 | 24349104 |
| transient expression of protein tyrosine phosphatases encoded in cotesia plutellae bracovirus inhibits insect cellular immune responses. | several immunosuppressive factors are associated with parasitism of an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae, on the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. c. plutellae bracovirus (cpbv) encodes a large number of putative protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptps), which may play a role in inhibiting host cellular immunity. to address this inhibitory hypothesis of cpbv-ptps, we performed transient expression of individual cpbv-ptps in hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, and analyzed th ... | 2008 | 17646950 |
| ml3: a novel regulator of herbivory-induced responses in arabidopsis thaliana. | ml (md2-related lipid recognition) proteins are known to enhance innate immune responses in mammals. this study reports the analysis of the putative ml gene family in arabidopsis thaliana and suggests a role for the ml3 gene in herbivory-associated responses in plants. feeding by larvae of the lepidopteran generalist herbivore spodoptera littoralis and larvae of the specialist herbivore plutella xylostella activated ml3 transcription in leaf tissues. ml3 loss-of-function arabidopsis plants were ... | 2013 | 23314818 |
| phosphoinositide and inositolpolyphosphate signalling in defense responses of arabidopsis thaliana challenged by mechanical wounding. | various biochemical signals are implicated in arabidopsis wound signalling, including jasmonic acid (ja), salicylic acid, auxin, and ca2+. here, we report on cross-talk of phytohormones with phosphoinositide signals not previously implicated in plant wound responses. within 30 min of mechanical wounding of arabidopsis rosette-leaves, the levels of the lipid-derived soluble inositolpolyphosphate, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3)), increased four to five-fold. concomitantly, the precursor lip ... | 2008 | 19825537 |
| mapping of qtl for resistance against the crucifer specialist herbivore pieris brassicae in a new arabidopsis inbred line population, da(1)-12 x ei-2. | in arabidopsis thaliana and other crucifers, the glucosinolate-myrosinase system contributes to resistance against herbivory by generalist insects. as yet, it is unclear how crucifers defend themselves against crucifer-specialist insect herbivores. | 2007 | 17593977 |
| glucosinolate and trichome defenses in a natural arabidopsis lyrata population. | glucosinolates (gs) and trichomes contribute to plant resistance against insect herbivores in the model arabidopsis thaliana. the functional and genetic characteristics of herbivore defense, however, can differ even between closely related species. in a quantitative genetic experiment with the out-crossing perennial arabidopsis lyrata spp. petraea, we measured constitutive gs composition, trichome density, leaf thickness, and plant resistance in four different herbivore interactions. in a single ... | 2006 | 17089185 |
| solar ultraviolet-b radiation alters the attractiveness of arabidopsis plants to diamondback moths (plutella xylostella l.): impacts on oviposition and involvement of the jasmonic acid pathway. | solar ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b) can have large impacts on the interactions between plants and herbivorous insects. several studies have documented effects of uv-b-induced changes in plant tissue quality on the feeding performance of insect larvae. in contrast, the effects of uv-b-induced plant responses on the behavior of adult insects have received little attention. we carried out a series of field and glasshouse experiments using the model plant arabidopsis thaliana l. and the crucifer-sp ... | 2006 | 16639567 |
| premortality effects of zoophthora radicans infection in plutella xylostella | the effect of zoophthora radicans infection on food consumption and utilization by plutella xylostella larvae and oviposition by adults was investigated. larval food consumption and weight gain were not affected by z. radicans until the third day after infection, 1 day prior to death from mycosis. no food was eaten on the day on which larvae died. overall, infected larvae ate 44% less leaf tissue than control larvae. of the leaf tissue consumed by infected larvae 87.5% was eaten on the first 2 d ... | 1997 | 9367729 |
| differential proteomic analysis of arabidopsis thaliana genotypes exhibiting resistance or susceptibility to the insect herbivore, plutella xylostella. | a proteomic study was conducted to investigate physiological factors affecting feeding behaviour by larvae of the insect, plutella xylostella, on herbivore-susceptible and herbivore-resistant arabidopsis thaliana. the leaves of 162 recombinant inbred lines (rils) were screened to detect genotypes upon which plutella larvae fed least (p. xylostella-resistant) or most (p. xylostella-susceptible). 2d-page revealed significant differences in the proteomes between the identified resistant and suscept ... | 2010 | 20386709 |
| non-volatile intact indole glucosinolates are host recognition cues for ovipositing plutella xylostella. | the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella), a crucifer-specialist pest, has been documented to employ glucosinolates as host recognition cues for oviposition. through the use of mutant arabidopsis thaliana plants, we investigated the role of specific classes of glucosinolates in the signaling of oviposition by p. xylostella in vivo. indole glucosinolate production in a. thaliana was found to be crucial in attracting oviposition. additionally, indole glucosinolates functioned as oviposition cues ... | 2009 | 20054620 |
| elevated co(2) influences herbivory-induced defense responses of arabidopsis thaliana. | we experimentally demonstrate that elevated co(2) can modify herbivory-induced plant chemical responses in terms of both total and individual glucosinolate concentrations. overall, herbivory by larvae of diamondback moths (plutella xylostella) resulted in no change in glucosinolate levels of the annual plant arabidopsis thaliana under ambient co(2) conditions. however, herbivory induced a significant 28-62% increase in glucosinolate contents at elevated co(2). these inducible chemical responses ... | 2005 | 16010536 |
| molecular characterization of ephestia kuehniella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) transferrin and its response to parasitoid venturia canescens (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae gravenhorst). | in the present study, we characterized a full-length cdna encoding a putative iron-binding protein transferrin from the lepidopteran mediterranean flour moth (ektrf, 2397 bp). the putative ektrf is 683 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 76 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence showed significant homology with other insect transferrins from chilo suppressalis (76%), galleria mellonella (75%), plutella xylostella (72%), manduca sexta (74%), bombyx mori (73%), spodoptera litura and ( ... | 2012 | 22229520 |
| an arabidopsis thaliana gene for methylsalicylate biosynthesis, identified by a biochemical genomics approach, has a role in defense. | emission of methylsalicylate (mesa), and occasionally of methylbenzoate (meba), from arabidopsis thaliana leaves was detected following the application of some forms of both biotic and abiotic stresses to the plant. maximal emission of mesa was observed following alamethicin treatment of leaves. a gene (atbsmt1) encoding a protein with both benzoic acid (ba) and salicylic acid (sa) carboxyl methyltransferase activities was identified using a biochemical genomics approach. its ortholog (albsmt1) ... | 2003 | 14617060 |
| jasmonate and ethylene signaling mediate whitefly-induced interference with indirect plant defense in arabidopsis thaliana. | upon herbivore attack, plants activate an indirect defense, that is, the release of a complex mixture of volatiles that attract natural enemies of the herbivore. when plants are simultaneously exposed to two herbivore species belonging to different feeding guilds, one herbivore may interfere with the indirect plant defense induced by the other herbivore. however, little is understood about the mechanisms underlying such interference. here, we address the effect of herbivory by the phloem-feeding ... | 2013 | 23311965 |
| comparative analysis of quantitative trait loci controlling glucosinolates, myrosinase and insect resistance in arabidopsis thaliana. | evolutionary interactions among insect herbivores and plant chemical defenses have generated systems where plant compounds have opposing fitness consequences for host plants, depending on attack by various insect herbivores. this interplay complicates understanding of fitness costs and benefits of plant chemical defenses. we are studying the role of the glucosinolate-myrosinase chemical defense system in protecting arabidopsis thaliana from specialist and generalist insect herbivory. we used two ... | 2002 | 12019246 |
| effect of the presence of a nonhost herbivore on the response of the aphid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae to host-infested cabbage plants. | the vast majority of studies of plant indirect defense strategies have considered simple tritrophic systems that involve plant responses to attack by a single herbivore species. however, responses by predators and parasitoids to specific, herbivore-induced, volatile blends could be compromised when two or more different herbivores are feeding on the same plant. in y-tube olfactometer studies, we investigated the responses of an aphid parasitoid, diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh) (hymenoptera: bracon ... | 2007 | 17968626 |
| identification and antifeedant activities of limonoids from azadirachta indica. | four new limonoids, azadiraindins a-d (1-4, resp.), together with seven known analogs, were isolated from the meoh extract of azadirachta indica. the structures of 1-4 were elucidated by nmr and ms spectroscopic analyses, and the relative configuration of 1 was determined by single-crystal x-ray crystallography. the compounds isolated in comparatively large amount were evaluated for their antifeedant activities against plutella xylostella; the antifeedant rate of 10 was 90.6% and the corrected m ... | 2015 | 26172324 |
| a viral histone h4 suppresses insect insulin signal and delays host development. | parasitization by an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae, alters host development of plutella xylostella by extending larval period and preventing metamorphosis. insulin signal plays a crucial role in mediating insect development and controlling blood sugar level in insects. in this study, three insulin-like peptide genes (pxilp1-3) were predicted from the genome of p. xylostella. however, only pxilp1 was confirmed to be expressed in p. xylostella. starvation suppressed the expression level o ... | 2016 | 27216029 |
| synthesis and biological activity evaluation of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a pyrimidinyl moiety as potential herbicidal agents. | to find novel high-activity and low-toxicity herbicide lead compounds with novel herbicidal mode of action, series of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives containing a pyrimidinyl moiety, i, ii, iii, and iv, were designed and synthesized by lewis acid (magnesium perchlorate) catalyzed mannich-type reaction of aldehydes, amines, and phosphites. their structures were clearly identified by spectroscopy data (ir, (1)h nmr, (31)p nmr, ei-ms) and elemental analyses. the bioassay [in vitro, in vivo (g ... | 2015 | 26222653 |
| diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae) exhibits oviposition and larval feeding preferences among crops, wild plants, and ornamentals as host plants. | diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), is an agricultural pest with high reproductive potential, widespread distribution, and high resistance to different types of insecticides. although diamondback moth is a common research subject, questions remain regarding its spatial and temporal host plant usage patterns and preferences within agroecosystems. we examined the adult oviposition and larval feeding preferences of the diamondback moth to assess the potential of a ... | 2016 | 26834144 |
| identification and genome organization of saponin pathway genes from a wild crucifer, and their use for transient production of saponins in nicotiana benthamiana. | the ability to evolve novel metabolites has been instrumental for the defence of plants against antagonists. a few species in the barbarea genus are the only crucifers known to produce saponins, some of which make plants resistant to specialist herbivores, like plutella xylostella, the diamondback moth. genetic mapping in barbarea vulgaris revealed that genes for saponin biosynthesis are not clustered but are located in different linkage groups. using co-location with quantitative trait loci (qt ... | 2015 | 26333142 |
| using plant chemistry and insect preference to study the potential of barbarea (brassicaceae) as a dead-end trap crop for diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | barbarea vulgaris r. br. has been proposed as a dead-end trap crop for diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae), because its larvae do not survive on this plant species despite being highly preferred for oviposition. we compared plants of several species, varieties, and types in the genus barbarea (brassicaceae) to study their potential as trap crops for p. xylostella. in terms of insect behavior, barbarea plants were assessed based on the criteria of high oviposition ... | 2014 | 24342111 |
| transcriptome analysis of barbarea vulgaris infested with diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) larvae. | the diamondback moth (dbm, plutella xylostella) is a crucifer-specific pest that causes significant crop losses worldwide. barbarea vulgaris (brassicaceae) can resist dbm and other herbivorous insects by producing feeding-deterrent triterpenoid saponins. plant breeders have long aimed to transfer this insect resistance to other crops. however, a lack of knowledge on the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory networks of these insecticidal saponins has hindered their practical application. a pyrose ... | 2013 | 23696897 |
| phylloplane location of glucosinolates in barbarea spp. (brassicaceae) and misleading assessment of host suitability by a specialist herbivore. | glucosinolates are plant secondary metabolites used in host plant recognition by insects specialized on brassicaceae, such as the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella. their perception as oviposition cues by females would seem to require their occurrence on the leaf surface, yet previous studies have reached opposite conclusions about whether glucosinolates are actually present on the surface of crucifer leaves. dbm oviposits extensively on barbarea vulgaris, despite its larvae not being ... | 2011 | 21029103 |
| can sulfur fertilisation improve the effectiveness of trap crops for diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae)? | the effect of sulfur fertilisation on chemical constituents of yellow rocket, barbarea vulgaris (r. br.), was studied with regard to its potential use as a trap crop for the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae). two types of b. vulgaris var. arcuata were used: the g-type, resistant to p. xylostella and proposed as a 'dead-end' trap crop, and the p-type, not resistant to p. xylostella and used as a control. | 2010 | 20603876 |
| evaluating trap crops for diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | potential trap crops for the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), were evaluated through a series of ovipositional preference and larval survival experiments in outdoor screenhouses in 2002 and 2003. hosts examined as trap crops were glossy and waxy collards, brassica oleracea l. variety acephala; indian mustard, brassica juncea (l.) czern; and yellow rocket, barbarea vulgaris (r. br.) variety arcuata. more eggs were laid on the potential trap crops, with the ex ... | 2004 | 15384349 |
| identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, a crucifer specialist, refuse to feed on a crucifer, barbarea vulgaris, because of the presence of a feeding deterrent, which is extractable with chloroform. we isolated a feeding deterrent from b. vulgaris leaves, by successive fractionations with silica-gel, ods, i.e., c18 reversed phase, and sephadex lh-20 column chromatographies, and ods-hplc, guided by a bioassay for feeding deterrent activity. the structure of the compound was determined ... | 2002 | 11944835 |
| differential expression of chemosensory-protein genes in midguts in response to diet of spodoptera litura. | while it has been well characterized that chemosensory receptors in guts of mammals have great influence on food preference, much remains elusive in insects. insect chemosensory proteins (csps) are soluble proteins that could deliver chemicals to olfactory and gustatory receptors. recent studies have identified a number of csps expressed in midgut in lepidoptera insects, which started to reveal their roles in chemical recognition and stimulating appetite in midgut. in this study, we examined exp ... | 2017 | 28331183 |
| superfamily of genes encoding g protein-coupled receptors in the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) are the largest and most versatile superfamily of cell membrane proteins, which mediate various physiological processes including reproduction, development and behaviour. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae), is one of the most notorious insect pests, preferentially feeding on cruciferous plants. p. xylostella is not only one of the world's most widespread lepidopteran insects, but has also developed resistance to nearly all cla ... | 2015 | 25824261 |
| two adenine nucleotide translocase paralogues involved in cell proliferation and spermatogenesis in the silkworm bombyx mori. | mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ant) specifically acts in adp/atp exchange through the mitochondrial inner membrane. this transporter protein thereby plays a significant role in energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. most mammals have four paralogous ant genes (ant1-4) and utilize these paralogues in different types of cells. the fourth paralogue of ant (ant4) is present only in mammals and reptiles and is exclusively expressed in testicular germ cells where it is required for meio ... | 2015 | 25742135 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a β-1,3-glucan recognition protein from plutella xylostella (l.). | the β-glucan recognition proteins (βgrps) play a significant role as important pattern recognition proteins (prps) for recognizing conserved surface determinants of pathogens and trigger complex signaling pathways in invertebrates. in the present study, a full-length cdna 1793bp encoding 479 amino acids and βgrp1 was obtained from plutella xylostella by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) (designed as p×βgrp1) which showed significant similarities with other insect's βgrps. the transcription leve ... | 2015 | 25617616 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a sid-1-like gene in plutella xylostella. | rna interference (rnai) signal can spread from the point where the double-stranded rna (dsrna) was initially applied to other cells or tissues. sid-related genes in caenorhabditis elegans help in the spreading of this signal. however, the mechanisms of systemic rnai are still not unveiled in insects. in this study, we cloned a full-length cdna of sid-1-like gene, pxylsid-1, from plutella xylostella that contains 1,047 bp opening reading frame encoding a putative protein of 348 amino acids. this ... | 2014 | 25136969 |
| molecular evolution of the odorant and gustatory receptor genes in lepidopteran insects: implications for their adaptation and speciation. | lepidoptera (comprised of butterflies and moths) is one of the largest groups of insects, including more than 160,000 described species. chemoreception plays important roles in the adaptation of these species to a wide range of niches, e.g., plant hosts, egg-laying sites, and mates. this study investigated the molecular evolution of the lepidopteran odorant (or) and gustatory receptor (gr) genes using recently identified genes from bombyx mori, danaus plexippus, heliconius melpomene, plutella xy ... | 2014 | 25038840 |
| cdna cloning and sequence determination of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide from the seabuckthorn carpenterworm, holcocerus hippophaecolus (lepidoptera: cossidae). | the pban (pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide)/pyrokinin peptides comprise a major neuropeptide family characterized by a common fxprl amide at the c-terminus. these peptides are actively involved in many essential endocrine functions. for the first time, we reported the cdna cloning and sequence determination of the pban from the seabuckthorn carpenterworm, holcocerus hippophaecolus, by using rapid amplification of cdna ends. the full-length cdna of hh-dh-pban contained five peptides ... | 2013 | 23361644 |
| est sequencing and fosmid library construction in a non-model moth, mamestra brassicae, for comparative mapping. | genome data are useful for both basic and applied research; however, it is difficult to carry out large-scale genome analyses using species with limited genetic or genomic resources. here, we describe a cost-effective method to analyze the genome of a non-model species, using the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae (lepidoptera: noctuidae). first, we conducted expression sequence tag (est) analysis. in this analysis, we performed pcr-based prescreening of a non-normalized embryonic cdna library to ... | 2012 | 23199572 |
| validation of reference genes for quantitative expression analysis by real-time rt-pcr in four lepidopteran insects. | quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) is an efficient and widely used technique to monitor gene expression. housekeeping genes (hkgs) are often empirically selected as the reference genes for data normalization. however, the suitability of hkgs used as the reference genes has been seldom validated. here, six hkgs were chosen (actin a3, actin a1, gapdh, g3pdh, e2f, rp49) in four lepidopteran insects bombyx mori l. (lepidoptera: bombycidae), plutella xylostella l. (plutellidae), ... | 2012 | 22938136 |
| evidence of an aggregation pheromone in the flea beetle,phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | laboratory olfactometer bioassays and field trapping experiments showed that the flea beetle,phyllotreta cruciferae (goeze), was highly attracted by oilseed rape(brassica napus l.) when flea beetles were on the plant. this attraction was mediated by a flea beetle-produced aggregation pheromone based upon: (1) oilseed rape damaged mechanically, or byp. cruciferae, or by diamondback moth,plutella xylostella (l.), did not attractp. cruciferae. (2) contact with the plants or feeding was required for ... | 1992 | 24254091 |
| effects of population-related variation in plant primary and secondary metabolites on aboveground and belowground multitrophic interactions. | insects feeding on aboveground and belowground tissues can influence each other through their shared plant and this is often mediated by changes in plant chemistry. we examined the effects of belowground root fly (delia radicum) herbivory on the performance of an aboveground herbivore (plutella xylostella) and its endoparasitoid wasp (cotesia vestalis). insects were reared on three populations of wild cabbage (brassica oleracea) plants, exhibiting qualitative and quantitative differences in root ... | 2016 | 27795618 |
| a single sex pheromone receptor determines chemical response specificity of sexual behavior in the silkmoth bombyx mori. | in insects and other animals, intraspecific communication between individuals of the opposite sex is mediated in part by chemical signals called sex pheromones. in most moth species, male moths rely heavily on species-specific sex pheromones emitted by female moths to identify and orient towards an appropriate mating partner among a large number of sympatric insect species. the silkmoth, bombyx mori, utilizes the simplest possible pheromone system, in which a single pheromone component, (e, z)-1 ... | 2011 | 21738481 |
| linkage mapping and comparative genomics using next-generation rad sequencing of a non-model organism. | restriction-site associated dna (rad) sequencing is a powerful new method for targeted sequencing across the genomes of many individuals. this approach has broad potential for genetic analysis of non-model organisms including genotype-phenotype association mapping, phylogeography, population genetics and scaffolding genome assemblies through linkage mapping. we constructed a rad library using genomic dna from a plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) backcross that segregated for resistance to th ... | 2011 | 21541297 |
| isolation and expression analysis of a homolog of the 14-3-3 epsilon gene in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | a full-length 14-3-3 gene homolog (also referred to as the px14-3-3 epsilon "ε" or px14-3-3ε gene) was cloned from cdna of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. the px14-3-3 transcript is 789 nucleotides in length, and the predicted polypeptide is 263 amino acids in length, with a calculated molecular mass of 29.6 kda. the px14-3-3 gene contains the typical and predicted 14-3-3 domains and motifs. the amino acid sequence of the diamondback moth 14-3-3 gene is very similar to that of other i ... | 2011 | 21181781 |
| cloning and characterization of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor gene in spodoptera littoralis larvae. | in noctuid moths cuticular pigmentation is regulated by the pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pk/pban) family, which also mediates a variety of other functions in moths and other insects. numerous studies have shown that these neuropeptides exert their functions through activation of the pban receptor (pban-r), with subsequent ca(2+) influx, followed by either activation of camp or direct activation of downstream kinases. recently, several pban-rs have been identified, al ... | 2007 | 17379458 |
| molecular characterization of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) produced in the subesophageal ganglion stimulates pheromone production in the pheromone gland. a cdna isolated from female adult heads of the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella (l.)) encodes 193 amino acids including pban, designated as plx-pban, and four other neuropeptides (nps): diapause hormone (dh) homologue, alpha-np, beta-np and gamma-np. all of the peptides are amidated in their c-termini and shared a conserved motif, fxpr(or k)l s ... | 2005 | 16005110 |
| aromatic glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway in barbarea vulgaris and its response to plutella xylostella infestation. | the inducibility of the glucosinolate resistance mechanism is an energy-saving strategy for plants, but whether induction would still be triggered by glucosinolate-tolerant plutella xylostella (diamondback moth, dbm) after a plant had evolved a new resistance mechanism (e.g., saponins in barbara vulgaris) was unknown. in b. vulgaris, aromatic glucosinolates derived from homo-phenylalanine are the dominant glucosinolates, but their biosynthesis pathway was unclear. in this study, we used g-type ( ... | 2016 | 26904055 |
| an ecogenomic analysis of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in brassica juncea. | upon herbivore feeding, plants emit complex bouquets of induced volatiles that may repel insect herbivores as well as attract parasitoids or predators. due to differences in the temporal dynamics of individual components, the composition of the herbivore-induced plant volatile (hipv) blend changes with time. consequently, the response of insects associated with plants is not constant either. using brassica juncea as the model plant and generalist spodoptera spp. larvae as the inducing herbivore, ... | 2013 | 24219759 |
| plant defence responses in oilseed rape mineless plants after attack by the cabbage moth mamestra brassicae. | the brassicaceae family is characterized by a unique defence mechanism known as the 'glucosinolate-myrosinase' system. when insect herbivores attack plant tissues, glucosinolates are hydrolysed by the enzyme myrosinase (ec 3.2.1.147) into a variety of degradation products, which can deter further herbivory. this process has been described as 'the mustard oil bomb'. additionally, insect damage induces the production of glucosinolates, myrosinase, and other defences. brassica napus seeds have been ... | 2015 | 25563968 |
| estimating the economic cost of one of the world's major insect pests, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae): just how long is a piece of string? | since 1993, the annual worldwide cost of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), control has been routinely quoted to be us$1 billion. this estimate requires updating and incorporation of yield losses to reflect current total costs of the pest to the world economy. we present an analysis that estimates what the present costs are likely to be based on a set of necessary, but reasoned, assumptions. we use an existing climate driven model for diamondback moth distribu ... | 2012 | 22928287 |
| glyphosate-drift but not herbivory alters the rate of transgene flow from single and stacked trait transgenic canola (brassica napus) to nontransgenic b. napus and b. rapa. | • transgenic plants can offer agricultural benefits, but the escape of transgenes is an environmental concern. in this study we tested the hypothesis that glyphosate drift and herbivory selective pressures can change the rate of transgene flow between the crop brassica napus (canola), and weedy species and contribute to the potential for increased transgene escape risk and persistence outside of cultivation. • we constructed plant communities containing single transgenic b. napus genotypes expre ... | 2011 | 21443650 |
| changes in fitness-associated traits due to the stacking of transgenic glyphosate resistance and insect resistance in brassica napus l. | increasingly, genetically modified crops are being developed to express multiple 'stacked' traits for different types of transgenes, for example, herbicide resistance, insect resistance, crop quality and tolerance to environmental stresses. the release of crops that express multiple traits could result in ecological changes in weedy environments if feral crop plants or hybrids formed with compatible weeds results in more competitive plants outside of agriculture. to examine the effects of combin ... | 2011 | 21427753 |
| bottom-up effect of different host plants on plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae): a life-table study on canola. | the effects of 10 commercial canola, brassica napus l., cultivars widely grown in iran--'slm(046),' 'opera,' 'okapi,' 'rgs(003),' 'modena,' 'sarigol,' 'zarfam,' 'licord,' 'hayula(420),' and 'talaye'--on the demographic parameters of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera-plutellidae), were determined. the experiments were conducted in a growth chamber at 25 +/- 1 degrees c, 65 +/- 2% rh, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (l:d) h. the comparison of intrinsic rate of natural increase (r(m)) ... | 2010 | 21309221 |
| assessment of commercially available pheromone lures for monitoring diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae) in canola. | sex pheromone monitoring lures from five different commercial sources were compared for their attractiveness to male diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae) in canola, brassica napus l., fields in western canada. lures that had the highest pheromone release rate, as determined by aeration analyses in the laboratory, were the least attractive in field tests. lures from all the commercial sources tested released more (z)-11-hexadecenal than (z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate an ... | 2010 | 20568610 |
| cold tolerance and overwintering of the diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae) in southeastern australia. | southeastern australia is situated in a temperate zone with generally mild winters. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., can be a serious pest of canola as well as of other brassica crops in this region. however, the ability of p. xylostella to overwinter in southeastern australia, as well as in other temperate regions of the world, remains controversial. laboratory experiments indicated that after 60 d in a temperature regimen alternating between 0 and 5 degrees c, 32% of third- and fo ... | 2009 | 19508760 |
| methyl salicylate, identified as primary odorant of a specific receptor neuron type, inhibits oviposition by the moth mamestra brassicae l. (lepidoptera, noctuidae). | the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae l. (lepidoptera, noctuidae), is a polyphagous species that is often choosing plants of brassica as hosts for oviposition. in the search for biologically relevant odorants used by these moths, gas chromatography linked to electrophysiological recordings from single receptor neurons (rns) has been employed, resulting in classification of distinct types of neurons. this study presents specific olfactory rns responding to methyl salicylate (mes) as primary odoran ... | 2008 | 17846100 |
| transcriptional profiling by cdna-aflp reveals novel insights during methyl jasmonate, wounding and insect attack in brassica napus. | plants exploit a broad range of defense mechanisms to effectively combat invasion by pathogens or herbivores. each environmental stress activates multiple signal transduction pathways to ensure an effective spatial and temporal defense response. a detailed transcriptome analysis using the cdna-aflp technique was performed to identify genes that are differentially expressed in oilseed rape (brassica napus cv. westar) leaves upon treatment with methyl jasmonate, mechanical wounding, or feeding by ... | 2007 | 17401749 |
| resistance of some cultivated brassicaceae to infestations by plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | selecting insect-resistant plant varieties is a key component of integrated management programs of oligophagous pests such as diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), but rigorous research on important life history parameters of p. xylostella in relation to host plant resistance is rare. we evaluated six conventional brassicaceous species, namely, brassica napus l. 'q2', b. rapa l., b. juncea (l.) czern., b. carinata l., b. oleracea l., and sinapis alba l., and two ... | 2007 | 17370831 |
| [feeding preference of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) larva to its hosts]. | the feeding experiment with different sorts of brassica vegetable crops showed that plutella xylostella larva preferred the seedlings of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.), radish (raphanus sativus l.) and caixin (brassica campestris l.) to those of rape (brassica napus l.) and cabbage (brassica olereacea l.), with a selection proportion of 93.33% and 6.67% between chinese cabbage and rape, and of 16.67% and 83.33% between cabbage and caixin. on the whole, the feeding preference of p. xylo ... | 2006 | 16964942 |
| impact of oilseed rape expressing the insecticidal serine protease inhibitor, mustard trypsin inhibitor-2 on the beneficial predator pterostichus madidus. | abstract insect-resistant transgenic plants have been suggested to have deleterious effects on beneficial predators feeding on crop pests, through transmission of the transgene product by the pest to the predator. to test this hypothesis, effects of oilseed rape expressing the serine protease inhibitor, mustard trypsin inhibitor -2 (mti-2), on the predatory ground beetle pterostichus madidus were investigated, using diamondback moth, plutella xylostella as the intermediary pest species. as expec ... | 2005 | 15643975 |
| elevated atmospheric co(2) affects the chemical quality of brassica plants and the growth rate of the specialist, plutella xylostella, but not the generalist, spodoptera littoralis. | cabbage, brassica oleracea subsp. capitata (cv. lennox and rinda), and oilseed rape, brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (cv. valo and tuli), plants were grown under ambient co(2) (360 ppm) or elevated co(2) (720 ppm) at 23/18 degrees c and under a photoperiod of 22/2 h light (250 micromol m(-)(2) s(-)(1))/dark regime for up to 5 weeks. afterward, the performance of the crucifer specialist plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and the generalist spodoptera littoralis (lepidoptera: noctuidae) ... | 2004 | 15212467 |
| impact of oilseed rape expressing the insecticidal cysteine protease inhibitor oryzacystatin on the beneficial predator harmonia axyridis (multicoloured asian ladybeetle). | insect-resistant transgenic plants have been suggested to have deleterious effects on beneficial predators through transmission of the transgene product by the pest to the predator. to test this hypothesis, effects of oilseed rape expressing the cysteine protease inhibitor oryzacystatin-1 (oc-1) on the predatory ladybird harmonia axyridis were investigated using diamondback moth plutella xylostella as the pest species. as expected, oilseed rape expressing oc-1 had no effects on either developmen ... | 2003 | 12535099 |
| oviposition by plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and effects of phylloplane waxiness. | three approaches were used to investigate effects of host plant epicuticular waxes on oviposition site selection by plutella xylostella (l.). in the first approach, oviposition on canola (brassica napus l.) that had epicuticular wax reduced by application of a carbamate herbicide (s-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) was compared with oviposition on untreated control plants. a second approach compared oviposition on sibling strains of b. napus with different wax blooms (glossy and waxy), and a third a ... | 2000 | 10985025 |
| plant-mediated interactions between two herbivores differentially affect a subsequently arriving third herbivore in populations of wild cabbage. | plants are part of biodiverse communities and frequently suffer from attack by multiple herbivorous insects. plant responses to these herbivores are specific for insect feeding guilds: aphids and caterpillars induce different plant phenotypes. moreover, plants respond differentially to single or dual herbivory, which may cascade into a chain of interactions in terms of resistance to other community members. whether differential responses to single or dual herbivory have consequences for plant re ... | 2016 | 27492059 |
| atmospheric transformation of plant volatiles disrupts host plant finding. | plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (vocs) play important roles in plant-insect interactions. atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (o3) can react with vocs and affect the dynamics and fidelity of these interactions. however, the effects of atmospheric degradation of plant vocs on plant-insect interactions remains understudied. we used a system comprising brassica oleracea subsp. capitata (cabbage) and the specialist herbivore plutella xylostella to test whether o3-triggered voc degradation ... | 2016 | 27651113 |
| efficacy of mosquito netting for sustainable small holders' cabbage production in africa. | the efficacy of a mosquito netting to protect cabbages, brassica oleracea l., against pests was investigated in field trials in benin, west africa. a polyester net covered the plants at night by using a wood armature. the net was removed during the day to prevent overheating and excessive shade, both problems of insect-proof screens used under tropical conditions. the number of all lepidopteran larvae with netting protection and foliar insecticide sprays was significantly lower than the unprotec ... | 2006 | 16686146 |
| bottom-up mechanisms generate the same temporal pattern of attack by a specialist and a generalist caterpillar on short-lived plants. | the local population dynamics of insect herbivores in ephemeral patches of short-lived plants are poorly known. we investigated whether a specialist and a generalist caterpillar exhibit contrasting temporal patterns of attack during plant development and also assessed bottom-up forces related to plant ontogeny that govern such population trends. immature stages of the polyphagous trichoplusia ni (hübner) and the oligophagous plutella xylostella (l.) were sampled throughout the development of cab ... | 2016 | 27106819 |
| utilizing associational resistance for biocontrol: impacted by temperature, supported by indirect defence. | associational herbivore resistance is potentiated by neighbouring heterogenic plant species that impact a focal plant's attraction to herbivores or the damage that they cause. one mechanism to confer associational resistance is believed to be exposure to neighbour-emitted volatiles, the receivers of which range from intra- and interspecific neighbour plants to higher-trophic-level insects. in previous studies the passive adsorption of neighbour-emitted semivolatiles has been reported, but little ... | 2015 | 26022675 |
| the effects of the presence of bt-transgenic oilseed rape in wild mustard populations on the rhizosphere nematode and microbial communities. | the adventitious presence of transgenic crops in wild plant populations is of ecological and regulatory concern. in this context, their effects on non-target, below-ground organisms are not well understood. here, we introduced, at various frequencies, bt-transgenic oilseed rape (osr, brassica napus) into wild mustard (brassica juncea) populations in the presence and absence of the target herbivore (plutella xylostella). the impacts on soil nematode and microbial communities were assessed in this ... | 2015 | 26047860 |
| host selection behavior and the fecundity of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) on multiple host plants. | insect herbivores often have higher densities on host plants grown in monocultures than those in diverse environments. the underlying mechanisms are thought to be that polyphagous insects have difficulty in selecting food or oviposition sites when multiple host plants exist. however, this hypothesis needs to be extensively investigated. our field experiments revealed that the population of the diamondback moths, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), significantly decreased in a mi ... | 2014 | 25527573 |
| intra-specific variation in wild brassica oleracea for aphid-induced plant responses and consequences for caterpillar-parasitoid interactions. | herbivore-induced plant responses not only influence the initiating attackers, but also other herbivores feeding on the same host plant simultaneously or at a different time. insects belonging to different feeding guilds are known to induce different responses in the host plant. changes in a plant's phenotype not only affect its interactions with herbivores but also with organisms higher in the food chain. previous work has shown that feeding by a phloem-feeding aphid on a cabbage cultivar facil ... | 2014 | 24178834 |
| metabolic differentiation of diamondback moth ( plutella xylostella (l.)) resistance in cabbage ( brassica oleracea l. ssp. capitata). | the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), is a major pest responsible for destroying cabbage and other brassica vegetable crops. a diamondback moth-resistant cabbage line was studied by comparing its metabolite profiles with those of a susceptible cabbage. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, and amides were the major factors that distinguished the resistant and susceptible genotypes. gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectr ... | 2013 | 24144435 |
| modeling the integration of parasitoid, insecticide, and transgenic insecticidal crop for the long-term control of an insect pest. | the tools of insect pest management include host plant resistance, biological control, and insecticides and how they are integrated will influence the durability of each. we created a detailed model of the population dynamics and population genetics of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., and its parasitoid, diadegma insulare (cresson), to study long-term pest management in broccoli brassica oleracea l. given this pest's history of evolving resistance to various toxins, we also evaluate ... | 2013 | 23865173 |
| testing insecticidal activity of novel chemically synthesized sirna against plutella xylostella under laboratory and field conditions. | over the last 60 years, synthetic chemical pesticides have served as a main tactic in the field of crop protection, but their availability is now declining as a result of the development of insect resistance. therefore, alternative pest management agents are needed. however, the demonstration of rnai gene silencing in insects and its successful usage in disrupting the expression of vital genes opened a door to the development of a variety of novel, environmentally sound approaches for insect pes ... | 2013 | 23667556 |
| niche engineering reveals complementary resource use. | greater resource use by diverse communities might result from species occupying complementary niches. demonstrating niche complementarity among species is challenging, however, due to the difficulty in relating differences between species in particular traits to their use of complementary resources. here, we overcame this obstacle by exploiting plastic foraging behavior in a community of predatory insects common on brassica oleracea plants in washington, usa. these predators complemented one ano ... | 2012 | 23094370 |
| effect of insecticides and plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) genotype on a predator and parasitoid and implications for the evolution of insecticide resistance. | in the laboratory and in cages in the greenhouse, we evaluated the toxicity of two insecticides (lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad) on the parasitoid, diadegma insulare (cresson), and the predator, coleomegilla maculate (degeer), both natural enemies of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). lambda-cyhalothrin was very toxic to both natural enemies. spinosad was less toxic to c. maculata adults and larvae, and slightly toxic to d. insulare. both natural enemies suppressed p. xylostella po ... | 2012 | 22606803 |
| consequences of constitutive and induced variation in the host's food plant quality for parasitoid larval development. | constitutive and induced changes in plant quality impact higher trophic levels, such as the development of parasitoids, in different ways. an efficient way to study how plant quality affects parasitoids is to examine how the parasitoid larva is integrated within the host during the growth process. in two experiments, we investigated the effects of varying nutritional quality of brassica oleracea on parasitoid larval development inside the host, the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella). first, ... | 2012 | 22233934 |
| parasitoid-specific induction of plant responses to parasitized herbivores affects colonization by subsequent herbivores. | plants are exposed to a suite of herbivorous attackers that often arrive sequentially. herbivory affects interactions between the host plants and subsequently attacking herbivores. moreover, plants may respond to herbivory by emitting volatile organic compounds (vocs) that attract carnivorous natural enemies of the herbivores. however, information borne by vocs is ubiquitous and may attract carnivores, such as parasitoids, that differ in their effectiveness at releasing the plant from its herbiv ... | 2011 | 22084113 |
| population-related variation in plant defense more strongly affects survival of an herbivore than its solitary parasitoid wasp. | the performance of natural enemies, such as parasitoid wasps, is affected by differences in the quality of the host's diet, frequently mediated by species or population-related differences in plant allelochemistry. here, we compared survival, development time, and body mass in a generalist herbivore, the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae, and its solitary endoparasitoid, microplitis mediator, when reared on two cultivated (cyr and sth) and three wild (kim, oh, and win) populations of cabbage, bra ... | 2011 | 21987026 |
| belowground induction by delia radicum or phytohormones affect aboveground herbivore communities on field-grown broccoli. | induced plant defence in response to phytophagous insects is a well described phenomenon. however, so far little is known about the effect of induced plant responses on subsequently colonizing herbivores in the field. broccoli plants were induced in the belowground compartment using (i) infestation by the root-herbivore delia radicum, (ii) root application of jasmonic acid (ja) or (iii) root application of salicylic acid (sa). the abundance of d. radicum and six aboveground herbivores displaying ... | 2013 | 23970888 |