| mycobacterium avium complex infection. | | 1988 | 3283260 |
| comparison of three methods for recovery of mycobacterium avium complex from blood specimens. | three methods were used for the recovery of mycobacteria from blood specimens obtained from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients: (i) inoculation of 7h11 agar plates with a concentrated specimen, (ii) inoculation of 7h12 bactec vials with a concentrated specimen, and (iii) inoculation of 7h13 bactec vials with a nonconcentrated specimen. in this study, we examined 255 specimens and obtained positive mycobacterial growth in 47 of them. among these 47 cultures, 40 were found to be positive ... | 1988 | 3290248 |
| infections caused by mycobacterium szulgai in humans. | mycobacterium szulgai is a scotochromogenic species that has recently been recognized as a human pathogen. twenty-four cases of disease caused by m. szulgai in humans have been reported in the english-language literature. the clinical features of these cases were reviewed, and three additional cases (two pulmonary, one extrapulmonary) were studied. pulmonary disease indistinguishable from that caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis was the commonest type of infection caused by m. szulgai (18 of 27 ... | 1987 | 3321362 |
| evidence that antituberculosis drugs are really effective in the treatment of pulmonary infection caused by mycobacterium avium complex. | successful chemotherapy of pulmonary disease caused by mycobacterium avium complex by antituberculosis drugs has been reported by a number of investigators. however, no certain evidence of the efficacy has yet been demonstrated in a controlled clinical trial. the present study has approached this problem in 2 ways: serial analysis of minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) during treatment and correlation of response to therapy with initial mic. it was observed that after administration of antit ... | 1988 | 3337455 |
| association of plasmids and virulence of mycobacterium avium complex. | mycobacterium avium complex strain lr25, which carries 3 plasmids, was shown to be of high virulence in beige mice as judged by high mortality and a progressive increase in organisms in the spleen and lungs determined by counting the number of colony-forming units. strain lr163, a "cured" derivative of lr25 that lacks all 3 plasmids, was of low virulence as judged by these criteria. the relative virulence of the strains was confirmed by studies of oxygen metabolite (superoxide anion and hydrogen ... | 1988 | 3337467 |
| glucuronic acid- and branched sugar-containing glycolipid antigens of mycobacterium avium. | the pentasaccharide hapten of the dominant glycopeptidolipid antigen of serovariant 19 of the mycobacterium avium complex is noteworthy because of the uniqueness of its distal glycobiose, the presumed antigen determinant, which contains a 3,4-di-o-methyl glucuronic acid and a novel branched sugar. the detailed structure of the entire pentasaccharide has been established by high field 1h and 13c nmr, fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry, and various specific degradations as 3,4-di-o-me-beta-d- ... | 1988 | 3346237 |
| comparison of antituberculosis drug regimens for lung disease caused by mycobacterium avium complex. | a total of 123 patients with moderately advanced, cavitary lung disease caused by mycobacterium avium complex untreated previously received different regimens of antituberculosis agents. the rate of sputum conversion (continuously negative cultures for six months or more) was compared among the regimens. it was shown that the regimens of rifampin + isoniazid + streptomycin and rifampin + isoniazid + enviomycin were superior to the regimens of streptomycin + isoniazid + p-aminosalicylate, isoniaz ... | 1988 | 3349841 |
| mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a clinicopathologic study. | despite the recognition of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection as a common complication of aids, the specific clinical features, significance, and need for treatment have been difficult to assess. we reviewed the clinical records and autopsy material of 68 patients dying with aids, 32 (47 percent) of whom had mac isolated from autopsy tissue. all had postmortem evidence of systemic infection. eleven (34 percent) had mac isolated from lung tissue. little, if any, local tissue inflammation ... | 1988 | 3359847 |
| susceptibilities of transparent, opaque, and rough colonial variants of mycobacterium avium complex to various fatty acids. | three different colonial variants of mycobacterium avium complex were studied for their susceptibilities to capric, lauric, oleic, and linolenic acids. smooth t variants with transparent and irregularly shaped colonies were much more resistant to all the fatty acids than were the smooth d variants with opaque and dome-shaped colonies. rough variants with granular and irregularly shaped colonies showed nearly the same susceptibility to the fatty acids as did the smooth t variants. | 1988 | 3364959 |
| unusual lesion morphology and skin test reaction for mycobacterium avium complex in macaques. | three rhesus (macaca mulatta) and one cynomolgus (m. fascicularis) monkey were euthanized because of positive reactions to intradermal tests with mammalian old tuberculin (mot). all the animals had gross or microscopic lesions consisting of unitized macro- or microgranulomas with central necrosis, involving the lung or mesenteric lymph nodes. small numbers of acid fast organisms were demonstrated in the lesions. mycobacterium avium complex, serotype 2 was isolated from three of the cases. the ca ... | 1988 | 3367621 |
| [correlation of minimal inhibitory concentration values of antituberculosis agents against mycobacterium avium complex strains with incubation period]. | | 1988 | 3373933 |
| mycobacterium avium complex pseudobacteriuria from a hospital water supply. | from july 1983 through november 1985, organisms belonging to mycobacterium avium complex were isolated from the urine of 29 patients. strains recovered from the urine of nine patients from july 1983 through august 1984 were serotyped. eight of the nine samples belonged to serovar 4. m. avium complex was isolated from the urine of 21 patients during the period from november 1984 through november 1985. while the possibility of a point source contamination was investigated, m. avium complex was rec ... | 1988 | 3384894 |
| [a patient with disseminated mycobacterium avium-complex infection and impaired immune system]. | | 1988 | 3398945 |
| [relationship between the susceptibility testing of mycobacterium avium complex strains and the clinical efficacy of antituberculosis drugs--an evidence suggesting that antituberculosis drugs are effective in the treatment of m. avium complex pulmonary infection]. | | 1988 | 3404801 |
| [usefulness of gen-probe for identification and classification of mycobacterium avium complex]. | | 1988 | 3404804 |
| tuberculosis in five basset hounds. | five basset hounds (2 females and 3 males) under the age of 5 years, acquired systemic tuberculosis. we suspected tuberculosis in one dog, because it had histologic lesions similar to those in 4 dogs in which bacteria were identified as mycobacterium avium complex. a review of canine tuberculosis revealed a similar diagnosis in a basset hound. the association of this infection in basset hounds suggests an inherited immunologic defect. results of our survey suggest that the defect might exist in ... | 1988 | 3410774 |
| activity of amikacin against mycobacterium avium complex under simulated in vivo conditions. | we studied the activity of amikacin against mycobacterium avium complex strain 101 by using continuous-level, changing concentrations which simulated levels in serum in a patient, and pulsed exposures. amikacin at a concentration of 5 or 15 micrograms/ml showed rapid bactericidal action following constant exposure of the organisms. with the in vitro model, using a peak concentration of 10 or 20 micrograms/ml, complete sterilization was obtained by day 7. in pulsed-exposure studies, a minimum per ... | 1988 | 3415209 |
| determination of mics of conventional and experimental drugs in liquid medium by the radiometric method against mycobacterium avium complex. | the aim of this study was to search for new drugs active against the mycobacterium avium complex and to re-examine the activity of some conventional antituberculosis drugs against these species. this progress report describes the protocol and phases of in vitro experiments in a search which included 57 different compounds tested against numerous strains of m. avium clinical isolates. the preliminary screening and mic determination of these drugs were conducted in 7h12 broth by the radiometric me ... | 1987 | 3428133 |
| [comparison of therapeutic regimens with antituberculosis agents in the initial treatment of lung infection caused by mycobacterium avium complex]. | | 1987 | 3430944 |
| [the pattern of development of resistance to antituberculosis agents in mycobacterium avium complex]. | | 1987 | 3430947 |
| synergistic effects of antimycobacterial drug combinations on mycobacterium avium complex determined radiometrically in liquid medium. | a technique to determine the effects of combining antimycobacterial drugs in liquid medium employing the radiometric growth readings in the bactec system was tested using 20 mycobacterium avium complex strains. ten of the strains had been isolated from children with lymphadenopathy and ten from adults with pulmonary disease. all isolates were resistant to streptomycin, rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol when tested with a conventional resistant ratio technique on löwenstein-jensen medium. syne ... | 1987 | 3436314 |
| in vitro susceptibility of mycobacterium avium complex to antibacterial agents. | in vitro agar dilution susceptibility studies were performed utilizing 20 isolates (24 against rifamycin) of mycobacterium avium complex against several antimicrobial agents not routinely tested in the mycobacteriology laboratory. thirteen strains were susceptible to gentamicin at 4 micrograms/ml, 20 to amikacin at 8 micrograms/ml, 18 to streptomycin at 8 micrograms/ml, 20 to kanamycin at 8 micrograms/ml, 20 to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole at 2 micrograms/ml, 12 to sulfisoxazole at 10 microgram ... | 1987 | 3440370 |
| comparative in vitro activities of ampicillin, bmy 28142, and imipenem against mycobacterium avium complex. | the in vitro activity of ampicillin, bmy 28142, and imipenem was evaluated against 21 clinical isolates of mycobacterium avium complex by both a broth and an agar dilution method. the mic90 by broth dilution for ampicillin, bmy 28142, and imipenem was 16 micrograms/ml, 8 micrograms/ml, and greater than 32 micrograms/ml, respectively. the mic90 by agar dilution for ampicillin and bmy 28142 was 16 micrograms/ml. | 1987 | 3469060 |
| broth microdilution testing of susceptibilities to 30 antimicrobial agents of mycobacterium avium strains from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | a total of 31 strains of mycobacterium avium complex isolated from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome were tested for susceptibility to 30 antimicrobial agents by using microdilution trays containing dried antimicrobial agents. mics were determined over a period of 7 days of growth in a broth medium (7hsf) that is equivalent to 7h11 agar. mics obtained by this method showed good agreement with mics determined by the agar dilution method. strains could be divided into two groups by ... | 1987 | 3501698 |
| a four-drug regimen for initial treatment of cavitary disease caused by mycobacterium avium complex. | forty-six patients with positive sputum cultures for mycobacterium avium complex and cavitary disease were placed on a 4-drug regimen consisting of isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol daily and streptomycin twice weekly. forty-two (91.3%) converted their sputum to negative and 4 (8.7%) failed to convert. all of the 4 nonconverters had prior subtotal gastrectomy. twenty-two patients were available for long-term follow-up: 12 patients completed 24 months of chemotherapy, all experienced sputum con ... | 1986 | 3530069 |
| mycobacterial infections in aids patients, with an emphasis on the mycobacterium avium complex. | serious infections caused by the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) have been increasingly recognized over the last three decades. however, the epidemic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) has increased interest in these infections. disseminated mycobacterial disease is common in patients with aids, and mac is the predominant bacterial isolate. indeed, at ucla medical center, mac organisms are now the predominant isolates in both aids- and non-aids-associated mycobacterial disease. m ... | 1986 | 3541122 |
| the epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases in the united states. results from a national survey. | during the 2-yr period 1981-83, demographic, clinical, and laboratory information was collected for 5,469 patients from whom nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) had been isolated. among the potential ntm pathogens, isolates of mycobacterium avium complex were most frequent, followed by m. kansasii, m. fortuitum, m. scrofulaceum, and m. chelonae. almost 90% of the isolates were obtained from respiratory specimens. prevalence rates for ntm disease, as calculated by a diagnostic algorithm, were highe ... | 1987 | 3579001 |
| acid-fast smear and culture of respiratory secretions, bone marrow, and stools as predictors of disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infection. | disseminated infection caused by mycobacterium avium complex (mac) is common in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and is difficult to treat because of the high degree of resistance to antimycobacterial agents. early diagnosis and treatment may prolong survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and mac infection. twenty patients with disseminated mac infection were evaluated for recovery of the organism from bone marrow, bronchial washings or sputum, and stools ... | 1987 | 3584429 |
| intracellular killing of mycobacterium avium complex by rifapentine and liposome-encapsulated amikacin. | | 1987 | 3611835 |
| a pseudoepidemic due to atypical mycobacteria in a hospital water supply. | we describe a pseudoepidemic due to atypical mycobacteria contaminating the water used by a pathology laboratory and bronchoscopy suite on two floors of the same hospital building. inspection of laboratory procedures revealed that contamination occurred during specimen processing in pathology and while obtaining the bronchoscopic specimens. mycobacterium gordonae, mycobacterium avium complex, and mycobacterium scrofulaceum were identified. during an eight-month period, a total of 22 (31%) of 70 ... | 1987 | 3613009 |
| clofazimine for leprosy and mycobacterium avium complex infections. | | 1987 | 3614089 |
| rapid identification using a specific dna probe of mycobacterium avium complex from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | specific dna probes (gen-probe corp., san diego, calif.) for mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, and mycobacterium tuberculosis were compared with conventional methods for the identification of isolates of the mycobacterium avium complex. a total of 56 isolates of m. avium complex were recovered from 34 respiratory, 13 blood, 6 stool, and 3 urine samples from 23 patients. a total of 33 isolates were tested directly from middlebrook 7h11 agar plates, and 23 isolates were tested dir ... | 1987 | 3624446 |
| phagocytosis and intracellular killing of mycobacterium avium complex by human and murine macrophages. | 1. host defenses against mycobacterium avium complex (mac) are poorly defined. peritoneal macrophages from black and beige mice, and cultured human macrophages were infected in vitro with mac serotype 1 from an aids patient, in the presence or absence of normal or convalescent serum. bacteria:cell ratio was 1:10. supernatants and macrophage lysates were cultured 6, 24 and 48 h later to determine the uptake and killing by macrophages. phagocytosis by activated macrophages, obtained from pre-infec ... | 1987 | 3690054 |
| confirmation of the beige mouse model for study of disseminated infection with mycobacterium avium complex. | | 1986 | 3711689 |
| mycobacterium avium complex infections in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | disseminated infection with mycobacterium avium complex developed in 67 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who were followed at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center. twenty-nine patients were treated with two or more antimycobacterial drugs for a mean of 6 weeks, and 7 patients received therapy for less than 1 month. most patients received ansamycin, clofazimine, and ethionamide or ethambutol. clinical improvement did not occur in treated patients, and microbiologic cu ... | 1986 | 3729201 |
| mycobacterium avium complex and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1986 | 3777722 |
| pyrazinamide is not active in vitro against mycobacterium avium complex. | strains of m. tuberculosis that elaborate pyrazinamidase are typically susceptible in vitro and in vivo to pyrazinamide (pza). however, we found that 33 strains of m. avium complex (mac), all of which were pyrazinamidase-positive, were resistant in vitro to a high concentration (100 micrograms/ml) of pza when tested at low ph in 7h12 broth by radiometric (bactec) method. the drug was equally ineffective against these bacteria within cultured normal human macrophages. we conclude that the pyrazin ... | 1986 | 3789528 |
| mycobacterium avium complex and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1987 | 3789564 |
| mycobacteria and inflammatory bowel disease. results of culture. | we have been able to isolate mycobacteria from intestinal specimens obtained by surgical resection or endoscopic biopsy from patients with crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and noninflammatory bowel diseases. nineteen slow-growing (runyon groups i and iii) and 17 rapid-growing (runyon group iv) mycobacterial isolates were obtained. slow-growing mycobacteria were recovered from approximately one-third of intestinal biopsy specimens from crohn's disease, one-quarter of ulcerative colitis biopsi ... | 1987 | 3792780 |
| diagnosis and management of mycobacterial infection and disease in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. centers for disease control, u.s. department of health and human services. | mycobacterial disease is common among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. among all patients with aids, the most frequently isolated cause is mycobacterium avium complex; but in some groups, such as haitians and intravenous drug users, m. tuberculosis is commoner. extrapulmonary disease and noncavitary, nonapical pulmonary tuberculosis are frequently seen. it is recommended that initial treatment of tuberculosis in these p ... | 1987 | 3800186 |
| [relation between roentgenographic features and the clinical course of lung disease caused by the mycobacterium avium complex]. | | 1986 | 3807111 |
| the presence of novel glucuronic acid-containing, type-specific glycolipid antigens within mycobacterium spp. revision of earlier structures. | previously, we had described the structures of the haptenic oligosaccharides of the surface glycopeptidolipid antigens from serotypes 9 and 25 of the mycobacterium avium complex and had synthesized these units as putative antigenic probes. the lack of chemical concordance between the synthetic products and the haptens has prompted a re-examination of these structures utilizing the instrumental techniques not previously available of fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, fourier transform infra ... | 1987 | 3818654 |
| mycobacterium avium complex, an emerging pathogen in massachusetts. | we report a study of 1,953 patients whose laboratory records from 1972 through 1983 at the massachusetts mycobacteria reference laboratory indicated the isolation of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) organisms. at least one clinical specimen from each patient during this period exhibited the organism. the incidence of isolation of mac has increased fivefold since 1972, with a doubling of the number of patients with positive mac specimens from normally sterile sites occurring since 1980. a concom ... | 1985 | 3874880 |
| improved detection times for mycobacterium avium complex and mycobacterium tuberculosis with the bactec radiometric system. | a total of 2,559 routine clinical specimens were cultured for mycobacteria by using bactec middlebrook 7h12 medium (bactec), lowenstein-jensen slants (lj), and mycobactosel selective middlebrook 7h11 slants (m7h11). thirty-three isolates (1.3%) of m. avium complex and 82 isolates (3.2%) of m. tuberculosis were recovered. the bactec mean detection time of m. avium complex from 27 smear-negative specimens was earlier than that of conventional media for both decontaminated respiratory specimens (ba ... | 1985 | 3932460 |
| infections caused by mycobacterium avium complex in immunocompromised patients: diagnosis by blood culture and fecal examination, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, and morphological and seroagglutination characteristics. | the mycobacterium avium complex, only rarely described as an invasive pathogen in humans, has recently been reported to frequently cause disseminated disease in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. between february 1981 and february 1984 at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center, 30 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 3 patients with leukemia, and 2 patients with congenital severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome developed disseminated m. avium complex infectio ... | 1985 | 3972985 |
| determination of ansamycin mics for mycobacterium avium complex in liquid medium by radiometric and conventional methods. | a radiometric method to determine the mic of ansamycin (lm427) for mycobacterium avium complex clinical isolates has been developed. it is based on a comparison of the conventional growth curve determination and the radiometric detection of growth (growth index) in the same liquid medium (7h12 broth). this new method requires less time and labor than does a conventional determination of mic in liquid medium (cfu). other advantages of this method include relatively short periods of exposure of th ... | 1985 | 4073881 |
| comparison of six methods for isolating mycobacteria from swine lymph nodes. | six laboratory methods were compared for isolating acid-fast bacteria. tuberculous lymph nodes from each of 48 swine as identified by federal meat inspectors were processed by each of the methods. treated tissue suspensions were inoculated onto each of eight media which were observed at 7-day intervals for 9 weeks. there were no statistically significant differences between the number of mycobacterium avium complex bacteria isolated by each of the six methods. rapid tissue preparation methods in ... | 1974 | 4596380 |
| in vitro susceptibility of mycobacterium avium complex and mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to a spiro-piperidyl rifamycin. | the spiro-piperidyl rifamycins are newly synthesized rifamycin s compounds. one of these compounds, lm 427, was tested in vitro against strains of the mycobacterium avium complex and strains of m. tuberculosis; lm 427 inhibited 81.3% of 155 strains of the m. avium complex tested at a concentration of 1.0 microgram/ml compared with 5.8% inhibited by the same concentration of rifampin. twenty-nine strains were resistant to both lm 427 and rifampin at 1.0 microgram/ml. further testing of these 29 s ... | 1982 | 6289711 |
| serologic survey of california wild hogs for antibodies against selected zoonotic disease agents. | blood samples were collected from trapped or hunter-killed wild hogs (sus scrofa) in 4 areas of california. sera were tested for antibodies against 7 zoonotic disease agents. antibodies against brucella sp were detected in 21 (15%) of 136 samples. antibodies against coxiella burnetii were found in 50% of the collected samples (67 of 135 tested). of the 135 wild hogs screened for pseudorabies virus, 4 (3%) were seropositive. leptospira interrogans antibodies were discovered in 118 (87%) of the 13 ... | 1983 | 6315659 |
| bacteria isolated from lymph nodes of california slaughter swine. | lymph nodes from 280 slaughter swine from 9 california ranches were examined for the presence of aerobic microflora. genera of interest which were isolated (and percentage of animals from which they were isolated) included salmonella (4.3%), beta-hemolytic streptococci (8.2%), mycobacterium avium-complex (6.4%), corynebacterium pyogenes (0.4%), and aeromonas hydrophila (5.7%). patterns of bacterial isolations from swine herds may be of assistance in predicting herd health problems. | 1984 | 6383150 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium complex from an opossum didelphis marsupialis in brazil. | | 1984 | 6485070 |
| new biphasic culture system for isolation of mycobacteria from blood of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | a new biphasic medium consisting of a 7h11 agar slant and brain heart infusion broth liquid phase has been used for the past 10 months at the university of california at los angeles for isolation of mycobacterium avium complex from blood. in 12 patients whose blood cultures were grown on this medium, the median time for isolation of m. avium complex was 7 days (range 6 to 15 days) compared with 21 to 27 days on a fungal medium and 28 to 38 days on routine blood culture medium. the system has pro ... | 1984 | 6490837 |
| an improved reagent for mycobacterial nitrate reductase tests. | a new crystalline reagent for nitrate reductase tests was compared with standard liquid reagents on 437 strains of mycobacteria. the results for isolates of mycobacterium avium complex, mycobacterium kansasii, mycobacterium gordonae, mycobacterium scrofulaceum, mycobacterium fortuitum, and mycobacterium chelonei agreed 100% with the expected results. of the 177 mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, 4 were negative by the conventional method. two of these four isolates were positive with the new r ... | 1983 | 6685134 |
| mycobacterium avium: a pathogen of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | mycobacterium avium complex has been isolated with increasing frequency from humans during the last few decades. thirteen patients admitted to the ucla medical center with the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), in addition to having kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis pneumonia, and other opportunistic infections, also had m. avium complex isolated from a variety of tissues and fluids submitted for culture. of these patients, 10 had histologic and bacteriologic evidence of dissem ... | 1984 | 6744800 |
| increase in mycobacterium avium complex isolations among patients admitted to a general hospital. | in early 1979, an official of an illinois hospital reported an increase in the number of patients from whom mycobacterium avium complex recently had been recovered. over the preceding 3 years specimens from a total of 51 patients were culture positive for m. avium complex: 7 in 1976, 8 in 1977, and 36 in 1978. nine of 10 serotyped isolated were serotype 8. the increase was not attributable to an increase in the number of mycobacterial cultures performed. no other area hospitals had similar incre ... | 1982 | 7058263 |
| pathology and tuberculin sensitivity in cattle inoculated with mycobacterium avium complex serotypes 6, 14 and 18. | three strains of mycobacterium avium complex organisms, serotypes 6, 14 and 18 isolated from typical tuberculous lesions in cattle were examined for pathogenicity and ability to sensitise cattle to avian and bovine tuberculin. each strain caused tuberculoid granulomas at the site of subcutaneous inoculation but no lesions elsewhere. sensitisation to bovine tuberculin was detected in the caudal fold test in 11 of 18 inoculated animals 8 weeks after injection. in a simultaneous comparative cervica ... | 1981 | 7259645 |
| mycobacterial sensitins: where are we now? | a limited review of the results of using comparative reciprocal intradermal mycobacterial sensitin (cris) testing with guinea pigs for the classification and identification of mycobacteria is presented. the technical procedures and the materials used in cris testing are referred to only briefly. strains of mycobacteria that grow well on a synthetic nonimmunogenic medium can be identified or classified at the species level with this method. at present some 50 species of mycobacteria can be identi ... | 1981 | 7339825 |
| the value of animal models for study of infection due to atypical mycobacteria. | to elucidate the present significance of animal experimentation for the solving of taxonomic and epidemiologic questions arising in the study of the various species of the so-called atypical mycobacteria, experimental results in animals are presented. the mycobacterium avium complex in particular is discussed in detail. guinea pigs, rabbits, hens, and white mice were infected in different ways with various doses of the mycobacteria in question. the animals were killed after a given time unless t ... | 1981 | 7339827 |
| mycobacterial infections in animals. | mycobacteria other than mammalian tubercle bacilli are capable of producing disease in a wide range of animal hosts. serotypes of mycobacterium avium complex cause the most important mycobacterial diseases in domestic animals. although disease is most common in lymph nodes, a wide variety of tissues may be involved, including tissue from spleen, liver, lungs, kidney, central nervous system, gall bladder, intestinal mucosa, skeletal system, ovaries, and the skin. | 1981 | 7339828 |
| a case of mycobacterium avium infection: early detection by the auramine-o fluorescent technique. | infection due to mycobacterium avium is rare in man and its definitive diagnosis is based upon culture, usually taken from a cervical lesion. the lack of systemic involvement, the negative history for contact with tuberculosis, the normal chest roentgenogram and the fact that mycobacterium avium complex grows slowly on standard mycobacterial media, make it difficult to diagnosis. the purpose of this communication is to re-emphasize the possibility of infection by group iii mycobacterium complex ... | 1980 | 7351104 |
| mycobacterium avium complex: significance of isolation from bone marrow culture. | six patients with bone marrow cultures yielding mycobacterium avium complex were encountered at the mount sinai hospital between 1969 and 1976. one additional isolate of the same mycobacterial species was recovered from splenic cyst fluid of a seventh patient. because none of the patients had illnesses apparently due to m. avium complex, the isolates were unexpected and unexplained. six of the seven patients had other acute or chronic infectious processes, occurring alone or superimposed on a pr ... | 1980 | 7381000 |
| the changing spectrum of pulmonary infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria. | although nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) infections are not common, there is evidence that they are becoming increasingly recognized and in some parts of the country occur more frequently than m. tuberculosis. the classic description of ntm pulmonary infection is that of a male patient with cavitary infiltrates and predisposing lung disease. with an increase in the number of reported cases of infection, there have been other syndromes described, particularly in elderly female patients without ... | 1995 | 7472715 |
| [attempts to elucidate the reasons why mycobacterial infections are generally intractable]. | | 1995 | 7474342 |
| mycobacterium avium complex (mac): an unusual potential pathogen in cerebrospinal fluid of aids patients. | mycobacterium avium complex (mac) is frequently isolated from patients with late complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), especially in north america and europe. however, its isolation from the central nervous system (cns) has been seldom reported in these countries. mac infections in aids patients in african and latin american countries are believed to be uncommon. we report the isolation of mac from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of 11 aids patients out of 1723 (0.63%) seen at "c ... | 1995 | 7481477 |
| beige mouse model for mycobacterium avium complex disease. | | 1995 | 7486894 |
| in vitro activities of ps-15, a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, and its cyclic metabolite against mycobacterium avium complex. | ps-15, a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, and its cyclic metabolite were evaluated for in vitro activity against 31 clinical mycobacterium avium complex isolates. broth dilution mics of ps-15 ranged from 16 to 64 micrograms/ml. the cyclic metabolite was three to five times more active than the parent compound. further evaluation of these compounds in an m. avium-infected murine test system will be of interest. | 1995 | 7486934 |
| mycobacterium avium complex infection in aids. | | 1995 | 7488555 |
| comparison of recovery rates for mycobacteria from bactec 12b vials, middlebrook 7h11-selective 7h11 biplates, and lowenstein jensen slants in a public health mycobacteriology laboratory. | recovery rates from middlebrook 7h11-selective 7h11 biplates and lowenstein-jensen slants (lj) used with bactec 12b vials were compared for 5,399 specimens. for 578 specimens that were inoculated onto three media, 580 mycobacteria were isolated, including 277 (48%) mycobacterium avium complex isolates, 230 (40%) mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, and 73 (12%) other mycobacteria. for bactec 12b vials, 506 (87%) cultures were positive, 45 (8%) were negative, and 29 (5%) were lost to contaminatio ... | 1995 | 7494065 |
| in vitro antimycobacterial activity of a new quinolone, levofloxacin (dr-3355). | to examine in vitro antimycobacterial activity of levofloxacin. | 1995 | 7495996 |
| the role of tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor-beta, and nitric oxide in the expression of immunosuppressive functions of splenic macrophages induced by mycobacterium avium complex infection. | in order to verify the participation of some cytokines in the expression of the suppressor activity of splenic macrophages (m phi s) induced by mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection, we studied whether anticytokine antibodies were capable of blocking their suppressor activity against concanavalin a (cona)-induced mitogenesis of splenocytes (spcs). when either anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf), anti-transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta), or anti-interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) antibody was ... | 1995 | 7499969 |
| induction of il-1 beta, il-6, tnf-alpha, gm-csf and g-csf in human macrophages by smooth transparent and smooth opaque colonial variants of mycobacterium avium. | both smooth transparent (smt) and smooth domed-opaque (smd) colonial variants were obtained from a strain of mycobacterium avium isolated from a patient with aids. the two variants showed similar biochemical characteristics but smt bacteria proliferated better than smd bacteria inside human macrophages and were much less capable than the smd variant of inducing the release of il-1 beta, il-6, tnf-alpha, gm-csf and g-csf, after incubation for either 3 or 6 days. as cytokines are important extrace ... | 1994 | 7508978 |
| detection and identification of mycobacterium directly from bactec bottles by using a dna-rrna probe. | detection and identification of mycobacterial species using dna-rrna probes from colonies has been used for some time. guidelines for probe use with a specific minimum growth index (gi) cutoff from bactec 12b bottles or its use with 7h9 broth has not been defined. this study defined this minimum gi guideline. clinical specimens received during the study period were decontaminated and directly inoculated into bactec 12b bottles and appropriate solid media. an initial probe test was performed at a ... | 1993 | 7509267 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex in bone marrow specimens of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | thirty-seven bone marrow core biopsy specimens from 21 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex bacteremia were stained using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against mycobacterium bovis strain bacillus-calmette-guerin (bcg) and mycobacterium duvalii, as well as kenyon and fite stains, to compare sensitivities of these techniques and evaluate possible response to therapy. the patients in this study had participated in a phase i/ii trial of liposo ... | 1994 | 7512786 |
| disease due to the mycobacterium avium complex in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: diagnosis and susceptibility testing. | because the symptoms and laboratory abnormalities associated with disseminated disease due to the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) are nonspecific, diagnosis requires recovery of the organism from blood or other normally sterile body sites. isolation of mac by conventional mycobacterial culture on tubed solid medium generally takes 3-4 weeks. this interval can be decreased to 5-12 days with the radiometric bactec tb system and to 12-19 days with septi-chek afb. for diagnosis of mac bacteremia, ... | 1994 | 7515701 |
| disseminated mycobacterium genavense infection in two patients with aids. | mycobacterium genavense is a recently defined fastidious organism that has been identified as a cause of disseminated infection in patients with aids. we report the cases of two patients who had advanced aids and a clinical syndrome of fever, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. in addition, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were prominent in both cases, and in one patient's case radiographic findings were suggestive of splenic abscesses. mycobacteria isolated from specimens of bl ... | 1994 | 7516719 |
| nucleotide sequences of the spacer-1, spacer-2 and trailer regions of the rrn operons and secondary structures of precursor 23s rrnas and precursor 5s rrnas of slow-growing mycobacteria. | the single ribosomal rna (rrn) operons of slow-growing mycobacteria comprise the genes for 16s, 23s and 5s rrna, in that order. pcr methodology was used to amplify parts of the rrn operons, namely the spacer-1 region separating the 16s rrna and 23s rrna genes and the spacer-2 region separating the 23s rrna and 5s rrna genes of mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare, 'mycobacterium lufu' and mycobacterium simiae. the amplified dna was sequenced. the spacer-2 region, the 5s rrna gene, t ... | 1994 | 7521248 |
| high predictive value of the acid-fast smear for mycobacterium tuberculosis despite the high prevalence of mycobacterium avium complex in respiratory specimens. | the value of the smear for acid-fast bacilli in predicting pulmonary tuberculosis is unclear in a setting where there is a high prevalence of mycobacterium avium complex in respiratory specimens. to evaluate the impact of a high prevalence of m. avium complex on the predictive value of the acid-fast bacilli smear for tuberculosis, we reviewed findings on smears and results of cultures over a 3-year period at a hospital where m. avium complex is the predominant mycobacterial isolate. in this sett ... | 1994 | 7527254 |
| discrimination of mycobacterium avium-mycobacterium intracellulare strains by genomic dna fingerprinting with a 16s rrna gene probe. | ribotyping was investigated as a means of distinguishing ten different serotyped reference strains and seven epidemiologically unrelated isolates of mycobacterium avium-mycobacterium intracellulare using a labelled 16s rdna probe. thirteen restriction enzymes were screened towards an accurate discrimination of strains. two selected restriction enzymes (saci and clai) enabled us to classify the 17 strains into ten ribotypes with an index of discrimination of 0.897. typeability and reproducibility ... | 1994 | 7528153 |
| human immunodeficiency virus and mycobacterium avium complex coinfection of monocytoid cells results in reciprocal enhancement of multiplication. | disseminated mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection is an important opportunistic infection in aids patients. because cells of macrophage lineage are targets for both human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and mac, the monocytoid cell line u937 was coinfected with both pathogens. coinfected cultures had increased hiv replication (more than threefold at day 6) and an increased percentage of hiv-infected cells compared with cultures infected only with hiv. the kinetics of hiv replication were sig ... | 1995 | 7528254 |
| small bowel involvement by mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with aids: endoscopic, histologic, and radiographic similarities to whipple's disease. | | 1994 | 7532144 |
| pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and efficacy of liposomal capreomycin in disseminated mycobacterium avium beige mouse model. | capreomycin was incorporated into multilamellar vesicles of pure dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. the pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of capreomycin in the free and liposomal forms were studied in normal mice. the efficacies of the two forms were evaluated by using the mycobacterium avium complex beige mouse model. approximately 10(7) viable m. avium cells were injected intravenously. seven days later, treatment with either liposomal or free capreomycin at 60 or 120 mg/kg of body weight was a ... | 1994 | 7535036 |
| rapid induction of mrna for nitric oxide synthase ii in rat alveolar macrophages by intratracheal administration of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium. | mycobacterium avium complex (mac) organisms are among the most common bacterial cause of disseminated infection in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). an increase in the incidence of virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is also occurring throughout the world. in vitro data suggest that nitric oxide (no) may be important in restricting the growth of mac. however, the ability of mtb to stimulate no production and the susceptibility of mtb to the bactericidal activity of ... | 1995 | 7536940 |
| clarithromycin-induced mania in two patients with aids. | acute psychosis was observed in two patients with aids who were treated with clarithromycin for disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infection. the psychosis resolved when treatment with clarithromycin was discontinued and recurred when it was resumed. an adverse response to clarithromycin therapy is a rare but curable cause of acute psychosis in patients with aids. | 1995 | 7548513 |
| appendicitis due to mycobacterium avium complex in an adolescent infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1995 | 7548527 |
| evaluating the quality of life associated with rifabutin prophylaxis for mycobacterium avium complex in persons with aids: combining q-twist and multiattribute utility techniques. | our objective was to evaluate the effect of rifabutin prophylaxis in patients with aids and cd4 counts of less than 200 per cubic millimetre using a combination of q-twist (quality-adjusted time without symptoms and toxicity) and multiattribute health utility assessment. the design consisted of a secondary analysis of two previously reported multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted in 78 academic, community and department of veterans affairs hiv centres and private p ... | 1995 | 7550179 |
| the role of gallium and labeled leukocyte scintigraphy in the aids patient. | because aids patients frequently present with minimal symptomatology, radionuclide imaging with its ability to survey the entire body, is especially valuable. gallium-67 citrate, the most commonly performed radionuclide study for localizing infection in these patients, is most useful for detecting opportunistic infections, especially in the thorax. a negative gallium scan, particularly when the chest x-ray is unremarkable, rules strongly against pulmonary disease. a negative gallium scan in a pa ... | 1995 | 7552945 |
| laboratory and clinical evaluation of mycobacterium xenopi isolates. | mycobacterium xenopi and mycobacterium avium complex (mac) are biochemically similar. to define the laboratory characteristics of m. xenopi that distinguish it from mac, 53 m. xenopi isolates from different areas in the united states and 47 isolates recovered at one hospital were evaluated by 13 biochemical tests, accuprobe mac (gen-probe, inc., san diego, ca, usa), colony morphology, formation of x-colonies, pigmentation in response to light, growth on macconkey agar without crystal violet, and ... | 1995 | 7554801 |
| novel glycolipids of mycobacterium avium and related m. paratuberculosis strains of relevance to aids and crohn's disease. | the polar glycolipid fractions of several mycobacterial strains of the closely related species m. avium and m. paratuberculosis have been analysed by thin layer chromatography (tlc), high ph anion exchange chromatography (hpaec), gas-liquid chromatography (gc) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. the upper phase of a folch partitioning (rather than the lower phase analysed by others) was subjected to tlc in solvent system chloroform-methanol-water 50:40:10 v/v/v. a major band was p ... | 1995 | 7554817 |
| lingular and middle lobe infiltrates in an elderly woman. | | 1995 | 7555130 |
| endogenous interleukin-12 is involved in resistance of mice to mycobacterium avium complex infection. | acquired cellular resistance against mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infections involves the induction of th1 type gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-producing t cells. interleukin-12 (il-12) is a cytokine involved in the control of ifn-gamma production by t cells and nk cells. the role of il-12 in the response to mac infection was investigated. depletion of endogenous il-12 by injection of monoclonal antibody prior to and during intranasal infection with mac resulted in an 150- to 550-fold increase ... | 1995 | 7558312 |
| interleukin-12-stimulated natural killer cells can activate human macrophages to inhibit growth of mycobacterium avium. | interleukin-12 (il-12) is a critical cytokine that affects many of the biological functions of nk cells and t cells. we have previously shown that both human and murine nk cells are important in host defense against mycobacterium avium complex and act by secreting cytokines that induce macrophages to inhibit the growth of intracellular m. avium. to define the role of il-12 in m. avium complex infection, we stimulated human nk cells with recombinant human il-12 at 0.01 to 1 ng/ml for 24 h and use ... | 1995 | 7558325 |
| distribution of is901 in strains of mycobacterium avium complex from swine by using is901-detecting primers that discriminate between m. avium and mycobacterium intracellulare. | the presence of the mycobacterial insertion sequence is901 was studied by pcr with reference strains of mycobacterium avium complex; 122 veterinary strains of mycobacteria, mainly m. avium complex, isolated from swine; and 15 clinical strains. four kinds of dna extraction methods for pcr were compared. use of the commercial extraction matrix allowed for the faster and easier preparation of pcr-amplifiable dna than use of naoh heating extraction or sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of pretreated ... | 1995 | 7559956 |
| use of a multiplex pcr to detect and identify mycobacterium avium and m. intracellulare in blood culture fluids of aids patients. | | 1995 | 7559991 |
| detection of mycobacteria in bone marrow biopsy specimens taken to investigate pyrexia of unknown origin. | to investigate the value of bone marrow biopsy in the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection. | 1995 | 7560193 |
| [uveitis with hypopyon in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, treated with rifabutin]. | iridocyclitis has been identified as a dosage-dependent side effect in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are treated for mycobacterium avium complex infections with systemic rifabutin. we reviewed cases of acute hypopyon uveitis occurring in patients with aids to establish whether there was an association or not. | 1995 | 7560784 |
| mycobacterium avium complex in macaques with aids is associated with a specific strain of simian immunodeficiency virus and prolonged survival after primary infection. | mycobacterium avium complex (mac) in simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected macaques is a frequent opportunistic infection that shares many features with the condition in human aids patients. a retrospective analysis of necropsies on 135 macaques with siv-induced simian aids that received neither antiretroviral nor antimicrobial therapy revealed that 17% (23/135) were infected with mac. mac developed in 31.3% (21/67) of the animals inoculated with uncloned sivmac251 versus 1.9% (1/53) and ... | 1995 | 7561201 |
| [massive and progressive hepatosplenomegaly caused by disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteriosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | a 28-year-old hemophilia a patient was admitted to our hospital in july, 1991 because of high fever, chronic diarrhea and anemia. the patient had been recognized as a asymptomatic carrier of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in 1985 and had developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and had been diagnosed as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in 1990. hematologic laboratory examinations on admission revealed pancytopenia and a cd4+ cell count of 3/mm3. x-ray findings of chest and abdomen w ... | 1995 | 7564051 |
| how to treat bacteraemic mycobacterium avium complex disease. | | 1995 | 7564723 |
| [isolation of an acid-alcohol resistant bacillus (baar) in the febrile hiv infected patients: mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) or mycobacterium avium complex (mac)?]. | the detection of baar in hiv infected patients with cd4 < 100/mm3 and with an infectious syndrome urge on beginning an effective treatment against mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or mycobacterium avium complex, before the results of the culture are known. our purpose was to search clinical and biological features to angle directly the diagnosis towards a tuberculosis or not, and to start the most suitable treatment. this retrospective study, from 1986 to 1993, stated on 54 patients who had at lea ... | 1995 | 7567132 |
| [clinical course of mycobacteriosis in young persons]. | clinical manifestations of mycobacteriosis in 22 patients aged 16-35 are described. in males and females the disease was caused by m. avium and m. fortuitum, predisposed by exposure to occupational hazards and previous bronchopulmonary and general somatic diseases, respectively. in x-ray pictures of the lungs there appeared unilateral lesion in the upper lobe of the right lung. | 1995 | 7567880 |