| relation of htlv-4 to simian and human immunodeficiency-associated viruses. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is the aetiologic agent of aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) in most countries and probably originated in central africa like the aids epidemic itself. evidence for a second major group of human immunodeficiency-associated retroviruses came from a report that west african human populations like wild-caught african green monkeys had serum antibodies that reacted more strongly with a simian immunodeficiency virus (stlv-3mac) (ref.6) than with hi ... | 1987 | 2823148 |
| biological properties of simian virus 40 host range mutants lacking the cooh-terminus of large t antigen. | three mutants of simian virus 40 (sv40), with deletions near the 3' end of the a gene, displayed a host range phenotype for growth and virus production in various african green monkey kidney cell lines. the mutants formed plaques in cv-1p cells at 40.5 degrees, in bsc-1 cells at 37 and 40.5 degrees, and in vero cells at 32, 37, and 40.5 degrees. virus yields in these three lines were cold sensitive: the burst size was greatest at 40.5 degrees and least at 32 degrees, but some progeny was produce ... | 1987 | 2823459 |
| redistribution of nuclear ribonucleoprotein antigens during herpes simplex virus infection. | infection of human epidermoid carcinoma no. 2 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) leads to a reorganization of antigens associated with both the small and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (snrnp and hnrnp). the hnrnp core protein antigens remain associated with the host chromatin, which appears to collapse into internal aggregates and along the nuclear envelope. more striking is the formation of prominent clusters of snrnp antigens (both general and u1 snrnp specific) ... | 1987 | 2824525 |
| fur gene expression as a discriminating marker for small cell and nonsmall cell lung carcinomas. | the recently discovered fur gene encodes a membrane-associated protein with a recognition function. to further characterize the gene, we studied its expression by northern blot analysis using poly(a)-selected rna from a variety of organs of african green monkey and rat. the fur gene appeared to be differentially expressed, relatively high levels of fur mrna being present in specimens of liver and kidney, low levels in brain, spleen, and thymus, and very low levels in heart muscle, lung, and test ... | 1987 | 2824565 |
| molecular clones of sivsm and sivagm: experimental infection of macaques and african green monkeys. | we have investigated the ability of biologically-active proviral molecular clones of sivsm and sivagm to infect rhesus macaques, pig-tail macaques, and african green monkeys. two clones of sivsm were individually inoculated into four rhesus and four pig-tail macaques. all eight macaques became infected, and two have experienced a significant decline in absolute numbers of circulating cd4+ cells. none of three african green monkeys were infected by an sivsm molecular clone. however, one of four a ... | 1990 | 1977919 |
| studies of prototype live hepatitis a virus vaccines in primate models. | we have prepared two prototype live hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccines by serial passage of the hm-175 strain of hav in african green monkey kidney cells. passage 21 (p-21) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for chimpanzees but not for marmosets; passage 32 (p-32) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for both species. animals that received p-32 hav had fewer elevations in levels of liver enzyme activity and evidence of less virus replication in the liver and excretion of virus in sto ... | 1988 | 2826614 |
| effect of bis(beta-chloroethyl)sulfide (bces) on base mismatch repair of dna in monkey kidney cells. | sulfur mustard, bis(beta-chloroethyl)sulfide (bces), a bifunctional alkylating agent, is a vesicant whose mode of action involves interference with the integrity of cellular dna. alkylation of dna is responsible for some of the biological effects of bces in tissue. another possible mechanism by which bces could exert its toxic effect is interference with high fidelity repair of damaged dna. this study evaluated the possible effects of bces on the repair of specific errors, i.e., mismatched bases ... | 1991 | 1957309 |
| [spontaneous hepatitis similar to hepatitis a in african green monkeys]. | circulation of a virus similar to human hepatitis a virus by antigenic and some other properties was observed among african green monkeys imported from their natural habitats. in some of the monkeys this virus caused a disease similar to hepatitis a in many features. | 1987 | 2833034 |
| heterogeneity of primate foamy virus genomes. brief report. | dna of the t-lymphotropic simian foamy virus (sfv) lk-3 was cloned in a plasmid vector and used as a probe in comparative dna:dna hybridization studies with primate foamy viruses (sfv serotypes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, fresh sfv isolates from 12 african green monkeys and one rhesus monkey, as well as human syncytium forming virus). all freshly isolated viruses seemed to be variants of sfv types 2 and 3. especially lk-3 appeared to be closely related to sfv type 3. no hybridization of the lk-3 clone ... | 1988 | 2833201 |
| adaptation of hepatitis a virus to high titre growth in diploid and permanent cell cultures. | a hepatitis a virus isolate originally obtained from the feces of a clinically ill patient and passaged in diploid human embryonic kidney and lung cells was adapted to grow in mrc-5, cercopithecus aethiops muscle and in vero cells. three different adaptation methods were applied. either method proved to be suitable to finally give high virus titres of cell-bound as well as cell-free virus in the supernatant of infected cultures during 10 to 15 passages. an easily performable immunoperoxidase sta ... | 1988 | 2834626 |
| dietary fish oil effects on biliary lipid secretion and cholesterol gallstone formation in the african green monkey. | we studied two groups of adult male african green monkeys to assess the effects of dietary fish oil on biliary lipid secretion and cholesterol gallstone formation. one group was fed 0.8 mg cholesterol/kcal and 42% of calories as fat with half of the fat calories derived from lard; the other group was fed a similar diet except for the isocaloric substitution of menhaden oil for lard. after 2 1/2 to 3 yr, necropsies were performed and the presence of gallstones was determined. gallbladder bile spe ... | 1991 | 1916670 |
| characterization of a herpesvirus isolated from woodchuck hepatocytes. | a dna virus with the characteristics of a herpesvirus has been isolated from woodchuck hepatocytes cultured in vitro. we refer to this virus as herpesvirus of marmots (hvm). electron microscopy of thin sections of hvm-infected cells showed nucleocapsids with a hexagonal outline and a diameter of 80 nm. enveloped virions were seen in cytoplasmic vacuoles and outside the cell. negatively stained virus particles purified from cell supernatants were enveloped with the characteristic appearance of he ... | 1988 | 2839596 |
| isolation and characterization of simian immunodeficiency viruses from two subspecies of african green monkeys. | cercopithecus aethiops (african green monkey), a nonhuman primate species distributed throughout subsaharan africa, has been shown to have high seroprevalence rates of antibodies to simian immunodeficiency virus (siv), and therefore, has been proposed as a natural reservoir for immunodeficiency viruses. our laboratories have isolated siv-like viruses from two east african subspecies of c. aethiops designated grivet and vervet monkeys. analysis of the structural proteins based on the molecular we ... | 1990 | 2340199 |
| structural state of newly replicated closed circular simian virus 40 dna. | we have studied the early transition of newly replicated, segregated daughter molecules of simian virus 40 (sv40) into their mature, fully supercoiled state. the dna of sv40 replicating in african green monkey kidney cv1 cells was chronically labeled with [14c]thymidine and pulse-labeled with [3h]thymidine. the cells were lysed and the viral dna was isolated. density gradient centrifugation of viral dna in cesium chloride revealed that the pulse-labeled, newly synthesized, closed circular superc ... | 1988 | 2843683 |
| pausing in simian virus 40 dna replication by a sequence containing (dg-da)27.(dt-dc)27. | a 200 bp sequence including a stretch of 54 base pairs of alternating guanosine and adenosine nucleotide residues [(dg-da)27.(dt-dc)27] was cloned in the simian virus 40 (sv40) genome between the kpni and hpaii sites. this sequence was discovered earlier as part of a region limiting the amplification of sequences adjacent to an integrated polyoma virus in a transformed rat cell line. the newly constructed dna was transfected into african green monkey kidney cv1 cells and the variant virus was is ... | 1988 | 2843810 |
| serological and structural comparison of immunodeficiency viruses from man, african green monkey, rhesus monkey and sooty mangabey. | we have studied the serological relationship among the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), and three simian immunodeficiency viruses (siv). sivagm was isolated from african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops), and compared with the previously described isolates of sivmac from a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) and sivsm from a sooty mangabey (cercocebus atys). with respect to the glycoproteins, the simian viruses represent a subgroup apparently different from hiv. to classify hiv and ... | 1988 | 2844030 |
| animal models for hiv infection and aids: memorandum from a who meeting. | the human immunodeficiency virus is a member of the lentivirus subfamily of the retrovirus family. retroviruses are rna viruses which code for an rna-dependent dna polymerase (reverse transcriptase), which transcribes the rna genome into a dna provirus which, on integration with the host dna, directs the synthesis of new virions. the rna genome consists of a gag gene, which codes for the viral core proteins, a pol gene, which codes for the reverse transcriptase, an env gene, which codes for th ... | 1988 | 2850118 |
| immunological studies of the basis for the apathogenicity of simian immunodeficiency virus from african green monkeys. | potential reasons for the lack of pathogenicity of the simian immunodeficiency virus sivagm in its natural host, the african green monkey (agm, cercopithecus aethiops), were investigated with respect to immunological mechanisms. the functional immune response of monkeys to infection was similar (though not identical) to that of humans to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). in the sera of infected animals, neutralizing antibodies were found to be low or absent, and in part ... | 1990 | 2247482 |
| susceptibilities of 14 cell lines to bluetongue virus infection. | the effect of bluetongue virus (btv) infection was investigated in 14 cell lines. the cell lines included the following vertebrate cells: baby hamster kidney, african green monkey kidney (vero), rabbit kidney, bovine kidney, canine kidney, bovine turbinate, bovine endothelium (cpae), bighorn sheep tongue, equine dermis, gekko lung, rainbow trout gonad, and mouse fibroblast (l929); they also included the following invertebrate lines: mosquito and biting midge. comparisons between the cell lines w ... | 1988 | 2853175 |
| molecular characterization of simian lentiviruses from east african green monkeys. | asymptomatic infection with simian lentiviruses (also called simian immunodeficiency viruses, or siv) is common among feral african green monkeys. to characterize the range of siv genetic diversity among infected african green monkeys, we have determined nucleotide sequences from complete or partial molecular clones of four distinct sivagm isolates from kenya and ethiopia. the nucleotide and amino acid variability we observed among the sivagm isolates was greater than the variability within any ... | 1990 | 2231686 |
| mutational analysis of simian immunodeficiency virus from african green monkeys and human immunodeficiency virus type 2. | we constructed ten mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from african green monkey (sivagm), and nine mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) in vitro. their infectivity, cytopathogenicity, transactivation potential, virus rna, and protein synthesis were examined by transfection and infection experiments. mutations in three structural (gag, pol, env) and two regulator (tat, rev) genes abolished the infectivity of both viruses, but vpx, vpr (hiv-2), and nef were dispens ... | 1990 | 2231682 |
| wild african green monkeys of barbados are htlv negative. | | 1985 | 2857892 |
| antibodies to simian t-lymphotropic retrovirus type iii in african green monkeys and recognition of stlv-iii viral proteins by aids and related sera. | | 1985 | 2860515 |
| identification and characterization of a novel mammalian intermediate filament-associated protein. | a novel monoclonal antibody, designated m1.4, recognizes the high molecular weight microtubule-associated protein map1a (ca. mr 380 kd) in both bovine and rat brain. in hela cells, however, m1.4 binds to a 240 kd polypeptide on immunoblots and co-localizes with both vimentin and cytokeratin filaments using double-label immunofluorescence microscopy. immunoelectron microscopy indicates that the 240 kd polypeptide localizes along bundled intermediate filaments in a periodic manner. two-dimensional ... | 1990 | 2225087 |
| a field study of infection with human t-cell leukemia virus among african primates. | african non-human primates were surveyed seroepidemiologically for natural infection of human t-cell leukemia virus type i (atlv/htlv-i) or its closely related virus(es). materials from three genera (cercopithecus, papio, and theropithecus), four species (grivet monkey, anubis baboon, hamadryas baboon, and gelada), totalling 983 animals under natural conditions, were obtained in a field study in ethiopia. virus infection was determined by the indirect immunofluorescence test using htlv-i specifi ... | 1986 | 2873501 |
| antibodies to simian immunodeficiency virus in african green monkeys in africa in 1957-62. | | 1986 | 2874433 |
| development of adult t-cell leukemia-like disease in african green monkey associated with clonal integration of simian t-cell leukemia virus type i. | proviral integration of a simian retrovirus highly homologous to human t-cell leukemia virus type i was examined in cellular dnas extracted from primary peripheral blood lymphocytes of 31 adult african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) that were seropositive for simian t-cell leukemia virus type i (stlv-i). among these monkeys, one case with overt leukemia, showing pleomorphic leukemia cells similar to those in human adult t-cell leukemia (atl), and five cases in a preleukemic state of atl- ... | 1987 | 2878717 |
| primary sequence and heterologous expression of nuclear pore glycoprotein p62. | the major nuclear pore protein p62 is modified by o-linked n-acetylglucosamine and functions in nuclear transport. we have cloned, sequenced, and expressed the full-length rat p62 cdna. the rat p62 mrna is 2,941 nucleotides long and encodes a protein of 525 amino acids containing 30% serine and threonine residues. the amino acid sequence near the amino-terminus contains unique tetrapeptide repeats while the carboxy-terminus consists of a series of predicted alpha-helical regions with hydrophobic ... | 1990 | 2190987 |
| survival and growth of fetal catecholamine neurons transplanted into primate brain. | dopamine and norepinephrine neuroblasts of the ventral mesencephalon, hypothalamus, and dorsolateral pons were transplanted from fetal african green monkeys into multiple brain sites in adult (host) african green monkeys. tissue was grafted from both early and late gestational age fetuses. immunohistochemical analysis, with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase, a marker of catecholamine-containing neurons, showed large numbers of transplanted catecholamine neurons in host cerebral cortex, corpus s ... | 1986 | 2879615 |
| hematologic abnormalities similar to the preleukemic state of adult t-cell leukemia in african green monkeys naturally infected with simian t-cell leukemia virus. | studies were made of the hematologic features of 23 adult african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) naturally infected with simian t-cell leukemia virus (stlv), which is closely related to human t-cell leukemia virus type i. none of the stlv-infected monkeys showed any clinical signs, but their absolute lymphocyte count and percentage of atypical lymphocytes were significantly higher than those of uninfected monkeys. three stlv-infected monkeys had especially high percentages of atypical ly ... | 1986 | 2880832 |
| comparison of simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. | information on the extent of genetic variability among non-human primate lentiviruses related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is sorely lacking. here we describe the isolation of two molecular clones from the simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) and their use to derive restriction endonuclease maps of five siv isolates from rhesus macaques and one from a cynomolgus macaque. although similar, all six viral isolates are readily distinguishable; the single isolate from a cynomolgus macaque is ... | 1988 | 2893293 |
| the origins of hiv-1 and htlv-4/hiv-2. | more sophisticated knowledge of the different strains of seemingly closely related retroviruses is essential to understanding acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and developing a successful vaccine. distinct exogenous human retroviruses include human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), the etiologic agent in aids; human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1), which has been linked with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma; and htlv-ii, a virus closely linked to htlv-i but not definitively impl ... | 1987 | 2894192 |
| prevalence of antibodies to 3 retroviruses in a captive colony of macaque monkeys. | the prevalence of antibodies to 3 retroviruses in the macaque colony of the new england regional primate research center (nerprc) was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures as well as radioimmunoprecipitation-sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and indirect immunofluorescence tests. out of 848 macaques, 3 (0.35%) had antibodies to simian immunodeficiency virus (siv), 27 (3.2%) had antibodies to simian t-lymphotropic virus type i (stlv-1) and approximately 285 (34%) had ... | 1988 | 2895751 |
| invasive amebiasis in naturally infected new world and old world monkeys with and without clinical disease. | histopathological preparations of cecum and colon from monkeys naturally infected with invasive entamoeba histolytica were examined to determine the distribution of amebae in the tissues and the types of lesions, if any, associated with them. infections were studied in 3 new world species (10 callicebus moloch, 1 c. torquatus, and 2 aotus trivirgatus) and 3 old world species (8 macaca mulatta, 6 erythrocebus patas, and 1 cercopithecus aethiops). amebiasis was recorded as the principal or a contr ... | 1988 | 2903689 |
| a prospective field evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay: detection of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus antigen in pools of culiseta melanura. | a prospective field study was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme immunoassay (eia) compared to virus isolation in cell culture for the detection of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee) virus in naturally infected mosquitoes. a total of 10,811 adult female culiseta melanura were collected in light traps during 1985 from four locations in maryland. eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus was isolated from 5 of 495 mosquito pools in african green monkey kidney and ... | 1987 | 2904960 |
| the reactivity of plasma phospholipids with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase is decreased in fish oil-fed monkeys. | the size of low density lipoproteins (ldl) is strongly correlated with ldl cholesteryl ester (ce) content and coronary artery atherosclerosis in monkeys fed cholesterol and saturated fat. african green monkeys fed 11% (weight) fish oil diets have smaller ldl and less ce per ldl particle than lard-fed animals. we hypothesized that this might be due to a lower plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) activity in fish oil-fed animals. using recombinant particles made of egg yolk lecithin- ... | 1989 | 2914920 |
| renal epithelial cell lines (bsc-1, mdck, llc-pk1) express 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. | renal tissue of several species has been shown to express considerable 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-hsd, ec 1.1.1.146) activity. however, it is uncertain as to which renal cell types exhibit 11-hsd activity. in the present study, we investigated corticosterone metabolism in bsc-1 cells, a continuous renal epithelial cell line derived from the african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). in incubation experiments using 3h-labelled corticosterone and hplc, we have demonstrated oxidat ... | 1989 | 2920178 |
| [description of cercopithifilaria verveti n. sp., a subcutaneous filaria of a cercopithecus in kenya]. | description of the fifth species of cercopithifilaria from african primates. the four previous species are parasites of baboons (papio spp.), this one is a parasite of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). the male has yet to be recovered for the new species. | 1989 | 2930121 |
| definition of a region required for transformation in e1a of adenovirus 12. | in order to define functionally important regions of the e1 a gene of adenovirus 12 (ad12), a number of ad12 mutants were studied. these mutants share an identical 69-bp deletion in the first exon of e1a as well as duplications of a long terminal repeat sequence at the end of the ad12 genome. the mutants are fully competent for replication and growth in their normal hosts and have a host range extended to include the vero cell line of african green monkey origin. the partially deleted e1a can st ... | 1987 | 2955566 |
| prostaglandins mediate the ocular hypotensive action of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor mk-422 (enalaprilat) in african green monkeys. | mk-422 (enalaprilat) (0.0005-0.5%) significantly reduced intraocular pressure (iop) in african green monkeys. studies utilizing unilateral instillation of mk-422 and its inactive r-isomer indicated a local site of action within the eye which is dependent upon inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme, also known as kininase ii. tonography showed a small increase (21%) in conventional aqueous humor outflow facility which did not entirely account for the iop lowering effect of mk-422. pretreatme ... | 1990 | 2163428 |
| retinal epithelial fine structure in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). | the morphology of the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) and closely associated bruch's membrane (complexus basalis) and choriocapillaris have been investigated by electron microscopy in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). the rpe is composed of a single layer of cuboidal cells joined laterally by apically-located junctional complexes. basally (sclerally) these cells display numerous infoldings while apically (vitreally) abundant processes enclose and interdigitate with rod outer segments. ... | 1988 | 2980205 |
| photoreceptor fine structure in the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). | the structure of the photoreceptors of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) has been investigated by light and electron microscopy. in this species the photoreceptors can be readily differentiated and adequately described by the classical terminology of rods and cones, with rods being the more numerous. rods are long, slender cells while cones are shorter and stouter. both rods and cones are highly differentiated cells and consist of an outer segment, a connecting cilium, and inner segment ... | 1987 | 2980747 |
| characterization of angiotensin ii binding sites in african green monkey uterus. | the observation that there are significant differences in the concentration, affinity, and specificity of both central nervous system (cns) and peripheral angiotensin receptors among several different mammalian species, including the african green monkey, led to the detailed analysis of 125i-angiotensin ii binding in the uterus of the african green monkey. the bmax for angiotensin receptors in uterine tissue from this species is 56.6 +/- 8.7 fmole per mg protein. the kd for angiotensin ii is .60 ... | 1985 | 2981383 |
| expression of an ouabain resistance gene in transfected cells. ouabain treatment induces a k+-transport system. | we have investigated the expression of a cloned mouse gene which confers ouabain resistance to african green monkey kidney (cv1) cells. cv1 cells carrying the transfected ouabain resistance (ouar) gene express an ouabain-inducible k+-transport system. this k+-transport system is not a normal (na,k)-atpase since plasma membranes prepared from the transfected cells have significantly reduced na+-stimulated atpase activity. rna sequences homologous to the transfected gene are observed in abundance ... | 1985 | 2981832 |
| two separable functional domains of simian virus 40 large t antigen: carboxyl-terminal region of simian virus 40 large t antigen is required for efficient capsid protein synthesis. | the carboxyl-terminal portion of simian virus 40 large t antigen is essential for productive infection of cv-1 and cv-1p green monkey kidney cells. mutant dla2459, lacking 14 base pairs at 0.193 map units, was positive for viral dna replication, but unable to form plaques in cv-1p cells (j. tornow and c.n. cole, j. virol. 47:487-494, 1983). in this report, the defect of dla2459 is further defined. simian virus 40 late mrnas were transcribed, polyadenylated, spliced, and transported in dla2459-in ... | 1985 | 2982029 |
| selectivity of interferon action in simian virus 40-transformed cells superinfected with simian virus 40. | treatment of african green monkey kidney cv-1 cells with human alpha interferons before infection with simian virus 40 (sv40) inhibited the accumulation of sv40 mrnas and sv40 t-antigen (tag). this inhibition persisted as long as the interferons were present in the medium. sv40-transformed human sv80 cells and mouse sv3t3-38 cells express tag, and interferon treatment of these cells did not affect this expression. sv80 and sv3t3-38 cells which had been exposed to interferons were infected with a ... | 1985 | 2983099 |
| serotypic characterization of rotaviruses derived from asymptomatic human neonatal infections. | nineteen rotavirus strains derived from asymptomatic neonates (seven from england, five from australia, two from venezuela, and five from sweden) were successfully cultivated in primary african green monkey kidney cell cultures, serotyped by plaque reduction neutralization tests, subgrouped by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and electropherotyped by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. all 19 strains were shown to fall into one of the four known human serotypes; serotype 1 (all venezu ... | 1985 | 2984247 |
| the kpni family of long interspersed nucleotide sequences is present on discrete sizes of circular dna in monkey (bsc-1) cells. | discretely sized molecules of small circular dnas in african green monkey kidney (bsc-1) cells contain nucleotide sequences homologous to the kpni family of long interspersed repetitive nucleotide sequences. the size distribution of these kpni family-containing circular dnas differs markedly from those of bsc-1 cell circular dnas containing either the alu family of short interspersed nucleotide sequences or the alpha-satellite family of tandemly repeated sequences. the structures of several clon ... | 1985 | 2984431 |
| simian agent 12 is a bk virus-like papovavirus which replicates in monkey cells. | we have begun to characterize the genomic structure and replication of the baboon papovavirus simian agent 12 (sa12). we have defined a wild-type clone of sa12 (sa12 wt100) by plaque purification from a heterogeneous stock. the functional map of sa12 wt100 can be aligned with those of the other primate papovaviruses by assigning one of the two ecori sites as 0/1.0 map units. the origin of bidirectional viral dna replication maps near 0.67 map units, consistent with the limits of sequences homolo ... | 1985 | 2985810 |
| mutations near the carboxyl terminus of the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen alter viral host range. | we report the characterization of three mutants of simian virus 40 with mutations that delete sequences near the 3' end of the gene encoding large tumor antigen (t antigen). two of these mutants, dl1066 and dl1140, exhibit an altered viral host range. wild-type simian virus 40 is capable of undergoing a complete productive infection on several types of established african green monkey kidney lines, including bsc40 and cv1p. dl1066 and dl1140 grow on bsc40 cells at 37 degrees c. however, both mut ... | 1985 | 2985819 |
| persistently infected cultures as a source of hepatitis a virus. | primary african green monkey kidney, continuous african green monkey kidney cell line bs-c-1, and buffalo green monkey kidney cultures were infected with a uniform inoculum of hepatitis a virus (hav). although both the cell line bs-c-1 and primary african green monkey kidney cultures produced useful amounts of virus, hav was detected earlier and in greater quantities in primary african green monkey kidney cultures. a persistently infected primary african green monkey kidney culture was developed ... | 1985 | 2988436 |
| retroviruses associated with leukemia and ablative syndromes in animals and in human beings. | t-lymphotropic retroviruses of cats cause lymphopenia and immunosuppression and represent the major cause of death in that species. similarly htlv-i which is t4 tropic is associated with an increased risk for development of infectious disease in regions where the virus is endemic. since htlv-i is also believed to be transmitted by blood and by sexual intercourse we considered the possibility that a variant form of htlv might cause aids. the identification of cross-reactive antibodies to htlv-i-m ... | 1985 | 2990682 |
| the association of the interspersed repetitive kpni sequences with the nuclear matrix. | the kpni sequences constitute the dominant, long, interspersed repetitive dna families in primate genomes. these families contain related, but nonidentical sequence subsets, some of which border functional gene domains and are transcribed into rna. to test whether these sequences perform an organizational function in the nucleus, their association with the nuclear matrix has been examined in african green monkey cells. dnase i treatment depleted the residual matrix of most of the kpni 1.2- and 1 ... | 1985 | 2991242 |
| transcription factor sp1 recognizes promoter sequences from the monkey genome that are simian virus 40 promoter. | a 440-base-pair fragment of african green monkey genomic dna shares homology with the transcriptional regulatory region of simian virus 40 (sv40) and has been reported to direct transcription in vivo. we find that two regions within this fragment bind the promoter-specific cellular transcription factor sp1 and are protected in dnase protection ("footprinting") experiments. as in sv40, binding occurs in regions containing multiple copies of the sequence gggcgg. these regions, when fused to the pr ... | 1985 | 2991898 |
| covalent cross-linking of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) to its receptor in intact colonic adenocarcinoma cells in culture (ht 29). | [125i]monoiodinated vasoactive intestinal peptide (125i-vip) was cross-linked with human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (ht29 cells) grown as a monolayer using dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate) as cross-linking reagent. the cross-linked polypeptides were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. a major polypeptide of mr = 67 000 was characterized and it behaved like a high-affinity binding site for vip according to the following data. the concentra ... | 1985 | 2992966 |
| association of phosphorylated simian virus 40 t-antigen with subnuclear fractions of infected and transformed cells. | to define the roles of subnuclear structure in sv40 infection, the relative distribution of t-antigen (t-ag) in various subnuclear fractions obtained from both lytically infected and transformed african green monkey kidney cells was determined. depending on the differential sensitivity of nuclear t-ag to extraction by salt and detergent, nuclear t-ag could be separated into nucleoplasmic t-ag, salt-sensitive t-ag and matrix-bound t-ag subclasses. at least fivefold less matrix-bound t-ag was foun ... | 1985 | 2995093 |
| antigens of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. | antigens encoded by the gag and env genes of the human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) include a p55 gag polyprotein that yields p24 as the major virus core protein, and an env gene polyprotein, gp 160, that produces gp 120, the most immunogenic protein in humans, at the amino terminus. although its use is limited to research laboratories due to the cost and specialized procedures involved, the analysis of sera by radioimmunoprecipitation and sodium ... | 1985 | 2996402 |
| isolation and adaptation characteristics of hepatitis a virus in primary african green monkey kidney cells: production of antigen useful for elisa serology. | four strains of hepatitis a virus (hav) were isolated from four fecal samples of patients with type a hepatitis by using primary african green monkey kidney (pagmk) cells or frhk-4 cells. in all four samples viral antigen became detectable in pagmk cells at the 3rd passage level after 9 weeks of incubation; detectable levels of antigen were reached earlier in frhk-4 cells. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect hav antigen (hav-ag). blocking experiments with negative and ... | 1985 | 2997078 |
| one role for dna methylation in vertebrate cells is strand discrimination in mismatch repair. | although the occurrence of 5-methylcytosine (m5c) in dna is widespread, the function of this modified base remains unclear. at some specific sites it apparently has an effect in controlling gene expression, but many sites do not appear to be involved in this regulation. balanced against its regulatory usefulness at some sites is the mutational risk it imposes upon the cell. deamination of m5c can lead to its replacement by thymine (t). one possible role for excess methylation is strand discrimin ... | 1985 | 2997788 |
| isolation of t-lymphotropic retrovirus related to htlv-iii/lav from wild-caught african green monkeys. | present evidence suggests that the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) emerged in central africa as a new disease in recent decades. this disease has recently approached epidemic proportions in many parts of the world. the etiologic agent of aids is believed to be the virus htlv-iii/lav, which has been proposed as having originated from a recent simian-human transmission in africa. this report describes the isolation of a designated stlv-iiiagm retrovirus closely related to htlv-iii/lav f ... | 1985 | 2997923 |
| recombinants between attenuated and virulent strains of poliovirus type 1: derivation and characterization of recombinants with centrally located crossover points. | recombinants with a centrally located crossover point were selected from crosses between poliovirus type 1 strains and intertypic (type 3/type 1) recombinants. two such recombinants were characterized in some detail. in one of them (v1/a1-6), the 5' half of the genome was derived from a virulent type 1 strain, while the 3' half came from an attenuated type 1 strain. the genome of the other recombinant (a1/v1-7) had the reverse organization, with the 5' and 3' halves being derived from the type 1 ... | 1985 | 2998022 |
| acute hypotensive responses to peptide inhibitors of renin in conscious monkeys: an effect on blood pressure independent of plasma renin inhibition. | in order to investigate the hypotensive mechanisms of action of peptide renin inhibitors, blood pressure responses to five renin inhibitors were compared with those to the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalaprilat, in conscious african green and rhesus monkeys. (3s-4s)-4-amino-5-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy pentanoic acid (achpa)-containing renin inhibitory peptide (acrip) and enalaprilat both decreased blood pressure in euvolemic and volume-depleted african green monkeys. however, while a ma ... | 1990 | 2159506 |
| a shuttle vector plasmid for studying carcinogen-induced point mutations in mammalian cells. | we have constructed a shuttle vector plasmid for studying mutagenesis in mammalian cells. the plasmid replicates in cell lines permissive for sv40 virus as well as in the bacterium escherichia coli and carries a bacterial suppressor trna gene (supf) that can serve as a mutagenesis marker. the plasmid replicates as efficiently as sv40 virus in african green monkey kidney cv1 cells, indicating that all traces of the inhibitory sequences normally found in pbr322 and its derivatives have been remove ... | 1985 | 2998945 |
| adult t-cell leukemia-like disease in monkey naturally infected with simian retrovirus related to human t-cell leukemia virus type i. | spontaneous t-cell leukemia similar to human adult t-cell leukemia (atl) was found in an african green monkey naturally infected with simian retrovirus closely related to human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i). monoclonal integration of the simian retrovirus was detected in the primary leukemic cells, suggesting an association of the retrovirus with atl-like leukemia in the monkey. | 1985 | 3001009 |
| effect of chlordane on influenza type a virus and herpes simplex type 1 virus replication in vitro. | the effect of chlordane on the susceptibility of madin-darby canine kidney cells and african green monkey kidney cells to infection with influenza type a/pr/8/34 (hon1) virus and herpes simplex type 1 virus was determined. exposure of both cell lines to various concentrations of chlordane for 24 h at 37 degrees c (acute exposure) effected a marked reduction in the efficiency of influenza type a virus infection, except at a dose of 0.025 ppm. acute exposure of the monkey cells did not alter their ... | 1985 | 3001327 |
| human t-cell leukemia virus type i is a member of the african subtype of simian viruses (stlv). | the nucleotide sequences of the long terminal repeat (ltr) of simian retroviruses (stlv), which are closely related to human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i) were found to be of at least two subgroups: an asian subtype in macaques and an african subtype in african green monkeys and chimpanzee. the nucleotide sequence of htlv-i was found to be included within the divergence among stlv, but showed closer homology (95%) to african subtype stlv than to asian subtype stlv (90%). | 1986 | 3002040 |
| control of ribonucleic acid function by oligonucleoside methylphosphonates. | oligodeoxyribonucleoside methylphosphonates contain nonionic 3'-5' linked methylphosphonate internucleotide bonds in place of the normal charged phosphodiester linkage of natural nucleic acids. these oligomers are resistant to nuclease hydrolysis, can pass through the membranes of mammalian cells in culture and can form stable hydrogen-bonded complexes with complementary nucleotide sequences of cellular rnas such as mrna. the oligomers are readily synthesized on insoluble polymer supports. their ... | 1985 | 3002493 |
| alpha dna in african green monkey cells is organized into extremely long tandem arrays. | we have determined the size of arrays formed by tandemly repeated monomers of alpha dna in african green monkey cells. dna fragments containing intact alpha dna arrays were generated by digestion of genomic dna with restriction endonuclease that do not have sites in the alpha dna consensus sequence. their size was determined by southern analysis and by sedimentation through neutral sucrose gradients followed by probing of each fraction for alpha sequences. the restriction fragments varied in siz ... | 1986 | 3003109 |
| new human t-lymphotropic retrovirus related to simian t-lymphotropic virus type iii (stlv-iiiagm). | this report describes serologic evidence for a virus similar to that known as simian t-lymphotropic virus type iii of african green monkeys (stlv-iiiagm) infecting apparently healthy people in senegal, west africa, and the isolation of virus from these individuals. serum samples from selected healthy west african people showed unusual serologic profiles when tested with antigens of htlv-iii/lav, the etiologic agent of aids, and of stlv-iiiagm. the samples reacted strongly with all of the major v ... | 1986 | 3006256 |
| varicella-like herpesvirus infections of nonhuman primates. | at least three distinct herpesviruses cause varicella like exanthematous diseases among nonhuman primates. spontaneous epizootics have resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates among cercopithecus aethiops, erythrocebus patas and macaca species in research colonies. mild infections have been observed in infant chimpanzees and a gorilla. this group of diseases is of interest not only because they are a threat to primate colonies, but also because their pathologic similarity to progressive hu ... | 1986 | 3007865 |
| an infectious cdna clone of the poliovirus sabin strain could be used as a stable repository and inoculum for the oral polio live vaccine. | viruses were recovered from hela s3 cells and african green monkey kidney (agmk) cells transfected with an infectious cdna clone of poliovirus vaccine sabin 1 strain. the viruses recovered from the different dna-transfected cells were tested for the biological characteristics of temperature sensitivity (rct marker), plaque size, and bicarbonate concentration dependency (d marker). the results revealed that the above properties were similar to those obtained from tests on the sabin 1 vaccine refe ... | 1986 | 3008430 |
| quantitation and kinetics of induced hsv-1 ocular shedding. | iontophoresis of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-hd) to the rabbit eye, followed by topical instillation of 2% epinephrine, induces ocular shedding of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) reliably and with a high frequency in latently infected rabbits. rabbit eyes inoculated with hsv-1 (mckrae strain) showed dendritic lesions indicative of acute hsv infection and subsequently shed virus spontaneously at least once during days 20 to 39 postinoculation (p.i.). two iontophoretic conditions were employed. group ... | 1986 | 3009094 |
| evaluation of cell line 293 for virus isolation in routine viral diagnosis. | cell line 293, a continuous line of transformed human embryonic kidney cells, has been recognized for its sensitivity in the isolation of adenoviruses, particularly the fastidious species 40 and 41, from stool specimens. to explore the possibility of using this cell line for the isolation of other viruses from clinical specimens, 293 cells were tested for their susceptibility to a variety of viruses including herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and the enter ... | 1986 | 3009540 |
| chromosome-specific subfamilies within human alphoid repetitive dna. | nucleotide sequence data of about 20 x 10(3) base-pairs of the human tandemly repeated alphoid dna are presented. the dna sequences were determined from 45 clones containing ecori fragments of alphoid dna isolated from total genomic dna. thirty of the clones contained a complete 340 base-pair dimer unit of the repeat. the remaining clones contained alphoid dna with fragment lengths of 311, 296, 232, 170 and 108 base-pairs. the sequences obtained were compared with an average alphoid dna sequence ... | 1986 | 3009826 |
| analysis of line-1 family sequences on a single monkey chromosome. | the structure of line-1 (l1ca) family members present on african green monkey chromosome cae-19 is compared with that of the entire set of l1ca sequences present in the monkey genome. the analysis involved annealing of cloned subsegments of monkey l1 family members to dna-blots containing restriction endonuclease digests of either total monkey liver dna or dna isolated from a monkey/mouse somatic cell hybrid carrying the single monkey chromosome. in addition, l1ca segments cloned from hybrid cel ... | 1986 | 3012483 |
| influence of dietary fiber on lipids and aortic composition of vervet monkeys. | a semipurified, cholesterol-free diet containing 40% carbohydrate can produce aortic sudanophilia or aortic atherosclerosis in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerethrus) depending on the particular carbohydrate fed. four groups of vervet monkeys (three males and three females per group) were fed semipurified diets containing lactose. two of the groups were also fed 15% cellulose (c) or 15% cellulose plus 0.1% cholesterol (cc); the two other groups were fed 15% pectin (p) or 15% pectin p ... | 1986 | 3014255 |
| isolation of a t-lymphotropic retrovirus from naturally infected sooty mangabey monkeys (cercocebus atys). | healthy mangabey monkeys in a colony at the yerkes regional primate research center were found to be infected with a retrovirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). virus was isolated from peripheral blood cells of 14 of 15 randomly selected mangabeys. all virus-positive animals had antibodies to the mangabey virus at the time of virus isolation and, in a retrospective study, 82% of mangabey serum samples obtained in 1981 had antibodies to the virus. the newly isolated retrovirus is (i ... | 1986 | 3014542 |
| influence of acyclovir and bucyclovir on nucleotide pools in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | the effects of the acyclic guanosine analogs acyclovir (acv) and (r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine (bucyclovir, bcv) on the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dntp) pools of herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1)-infected african green monkey kidney (gmk) and human embryonic lung fibroblast (hl) cells were investigated. hsv-1 infection increased the dntp pools in both cell types compared with those in uninfected cells. mock-infected gmk cells showed a 10-fold-higher dttp concentration than comparable hl c ... | 1986 | 3015006 |
| kinetic properties of the sodium bicarbonate (carbonate) symport in monkey kidney epithelial cells (bsc-1). interactions between na+, hco-3, and ph. | bsc-1 kidney epithelial cells derived from the african green monkey are known to express a na+hco3- symport (jentsch, t. j., schill, b. s., schwartz, p., matthes, h., keller, s. k., and wiederholt, m. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 15554-15560). in the present work, 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (dids)-sensitive 22na+ uptake into confluent monolayers of bsc-1 is measured in the presence of ouabain (10(-4) m) and amiloride (10(-3) m) to define the interactions between na+ and hco3- ... | 1986 | 3015937 |
| rescue of presumptive viral information from human cells by a helper oncovirus. | we have attempted to rescue presumptive human endogenous retrovirus(es) by using a competent animal oncovirus as a helper. human melanoma cells (line hmb2) were fused, using polyethylene glycol, with mouse nih-3t3 cells which had been infected and transformed by the harvey murine leukaemia and sarcoma virus complex (mlv and msv). the heteropolykaryons obtained were co-cultivated with fresh nih-3t3 cells; filtered (millipore 0.22 micron) medium from these was used to infect further nih-3t3 cells. ... | 1986 | 3016151 |
| surface expression of influenza virus neuraminidase, an amino-terminally anchored viral membrane glycoprotein, in polarized epithelial cells. | we have investigated the site of surface expression of the neuraminidase (na) glycoprotein of influenza a virus, which, in contrast to the hemagglutinin, is bound to membranes by hydrophobic residues near the nh2-terminus. madin-darby canine kidney or primary african green monkey kidney cells infected with influenza a/wsn/33 virus and subsequently labeled with monoclonal antibody to the na and then with a colloidal gold- or ferritin-conjugated second antibody exhibited specific labeling of apica ... | 1985 | 3016520 |
| benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide induces viral reactivation at concentrations that block dna elongation in mammalian cells. | the survival of uv-irradiated simian virus 40 (sv40) in cv-1p african green monkey kidney cells treated with (+/-)7 beta, 8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (bp-diol epoxide i) was studied. enhanced survival of uv damaged sv40 was detected when cv-1p cells were treated with dose levels of bp-diol epoxide i corresponding to the exponential portion (0.33-1.11 microm) of a cv-1p cell survival curve. dose levels of bp-diol epoxide i corresponding to the shoul ... | 1986 | 3017584 |
| sequence and evolution of rhesus monkey alphoid dna. | analysis of rhesus monkey alphoid dna suggests that it arose by tandem duplication of an ancestral monomer unit followed by independent variation within two adjacent monomers (one becoming more divergent than the other) before their amplification as a dimer unit to produce tandem arrays. the rhesus monkey alphoid dna is a tandemly repeated, 343-bp dimer; the consensus dimer is over 98% homologous to the alphoid dimers reported for baboon and bonnet monkey, 81% homologous to the african green mon ... | 1986 | 3018269 |
| dna helicase activity of sv40 large tumor antigen. | large tumor antigen (t antigen) was extracted from sv40-infected african green monkey cells and purified to homogeneity by immunoaffinity chromatography. the purified t antigen preparations unwind dna duplices of greater than 120 bp in a reaction which is dependent on magnesium ions and atp hydrolysis. based on these and other properties of the reaction we classify this newly discovered enzymatic activity as a eukaryotic dna helicase. the helicase and the known atpase function of t antigen cosed ... | 1986 | 3019672 |
| stlv-i antibodies in feral populations of east african vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). | serum samples from feral populations of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were screened for antibodies to the simian t-lymphotropic virus, type i (stlv-i). blood samples had been collected from 336 monkeys in 4 regions of central and southern kenya in 1978 and 1979, from 114 monkeys in central ethiopia in 1973, and from 85 monkeys from the kampala region of uganda in 1966. a total of 178/535 monkeys (33%) were seropositive (stlv-i+). only 4/114 monkeys (4%) from ethiopia were seropo ... | 1986 | 3019900 |
| dna engineering shows that nucleosome phasing on the african green monkey alpha-satellite is the result of multiple additive histone-dna interactions. | the mechanism underlying sequence-specific positioning of nucleosomes on dna was investigated. african green monkey alpha-satellite dna was reconstituted in vitro with histones. histone octamers were found to adopt one major and several minor positions on the satellite repeat unit, very similar to those positions found previously in vitro, demonstrating that sequence-specific histone-dna interactions are responsible for nucleosome positioning on this dna. in order to understand the nature of the ... | 1986 | 3023642 |
| intramolecular recombination between transfected repeated sequences in mammalian cells is nonconservative. | when plasmids carrying a fragmented gene with segments present as direct repeats are introduced into mammalian cells, recombination or gene conversion between the repeated sequences can reconstruct the gene. intramolecular recombination leads to the deletion of the intervening sequences and the loss of one copy of the repeat. this process is known to be stimulated by double-strand breaks. two current models for recombination in eucaryotic cells propose that the reaction is initiated by double-st ... | 1986 | 3023937 |
| the causes of false-positives encountered during the screening of old-world primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses by elisa. | sera from 526 old-world primates representing 50 different species were screened by elisa for antibodies to human t-lymphotropic viruses i and iii, and simian retrovirus type 1 (srv-1). about one-fourth of the sera were positive by elisa. there was a tendency, however, for the same sera to be positive for all three human and simian retroviruses. only about one in five of the elisa antibody-positive sera were confirmed to be positive by western blotting. false-positive elisa antibody tests were p ... | 1986 | 3025237 |
| nucleotide sequence of the bamhi repetitive sequence, including the hindiii fundamental unit, as a possible mobile element from the japanese monkey macaca fuscata. | clustered repeat units produced by bamhi digestion of genomic dna from the japanese monkey macaca fuscata [jmr(bamhi)] were sequenced by dideoxy dna sequencing. the nucleotide sequences of several individual repeats showed that the bamhi repeat contains the 170-bp hindiii element as an integral part, and that it has more than 90% homology with the hindiii repeat element [agmr(hindiii)] found in the genomic dna of the african green monkey. in the jmr(bamhi) repeat unit, the 170-bp hindiii element ... | 1986 | 3027353 |
| intestinal structural changes in african green monkeys after long term psyllium or cellulose feeding. | intestinal structure of male adult african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops ssp vervets) was studied after 3 1/2 yr of consuming diets containing 10% psyllium husk or cellulose. scanning electron microscopy (sem) identified mild damage (cellular swelling and disarray, and microvillar denudation and disarray) at villous tips throughout the small intestine in the psyllium-fed monkeys. the cellulose group had similar duodenal damage. differences were not found in colons by sem. by light micros ... | 1987 | 3031252 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of an attenuated hepatitis a virus: comparison with wild-type virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an attenuated hepatitis a virus, hav hm-175/7 mk-5, was determined from cloned cdna. this virus was derived from wild-type hav hm-175 after 32 passages in african green monkey kidney cells. the resultant cell culture-adapted virus is attenuated for chimpanzees. this virus was passaged an additional three times in monkey kidney cells to obtain sufficient virus for molecular cloning and was designated hm-175/7 mk-5. three overlapping cdna clones were obtained th ... | 1987 | 3031686 |
| pgj2, a new antiviral prostaglandin: inhibition of sendai virus replication and alteration of virus protein synthesis. | prostaglandin j2 (pgj2) was found to suppress dramatically sendai virus replication in african green monkey kidney cells in culture. pgj2 was not toxic at the active dose to uninfected cells and did not significantly inhibit macromolecular synthesis, but it specifically stimulated the synthesis of a polypeptide of 74,000 mol. wt. in sendai virus-infected cells, pgj2 partially inhibited virus protein synthesis and caused an alteration in the mobility of the virus glycoprotein hn in sds-page, corr ... | 1987 | 3033130 |
| construction of viable deletion and insertion mutants of the sabin strain of type 1 poliovirus: function of the 5' noncoding sequence in viral replication. | a number of deletion and insertion sequences were introduced into the 5' noncoding sequence (742 nucleotides long) of the genome of the sabin strain of type 1 poliovirus by using an infectious cdna clone of the virus strain. the genomes of all three poliovirus serotypes contained highly homologous sequences (nucleotide positions 509 to 639) as well as highly variable sequences (positions 640 to 742) in the 5' noncoding region. the viability of mutant viruses was tested by transfecting mutant cdn ... | 1987 | 3033275 |
| rapid identification of nonessential genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 by tn5 mutagenesis. | the large genome of herpes simplex virus type of (hsv-1) encodes at least 80 polypeptides, the majority of which have no recognized function. a subgroup of these gene products appears to be nonessential for virus replication in cell culture, but contributes to the complex life cycle of the virus in the host. to identify such functions, a simple insertional mutagenesis method has been used for selective inactivation of individual hsv-1 genes. the bacterial transposon tn5 was allowed to insert ran ... | 1987 | 3033824 |
| protamine-induced pulmonary hypertension in heparinized monkeys and pigs is inhibited by the thromboxane receptor antagonist sq 30,741. | when protamine reverses heparin anticoagulation a small fraction of patients develops pulmonary hypertension. this response is variably expressed in other species and thromboxane may be one of its mediators. we have compared the pulmonary vascular responses of pigs and monkeys to protamine (3 mg/kg, i.v.) administered 15 min after heparin (300 u/kg, i.v.). the role of thromboxane a2/prostaglandin h2 (txa2/pgh2)-receptor activation in this response was investigated with the selective txa2/pgh2-re ... | 1990 | 2144979 |
| isolation of mycoplasma moatsii from the intestine of wild norway rats (rattus norvegicus). | the intestinal tracts of twenty inbred spf rats (lew, bn, wky, da) and six wild norway rats (rattus norvegicus berkenhout 1769) were investigated for mycoplasmas. cultivation was in three different media. mycoplasmas were not isolated from the intestine of the inbred spf rats but were found in the epithelia and contents of caecum, colon and jejunum as well as in fecal samples of all of the wild norway rats investigated. the mycoplasmas isolated all belonged to the same species, and were identifi ... | 1990 | 2139992 |
| persistent infection of rhesus macaques with a molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: evidence of minimal genetic drift and low pathogenetic effects. | in an attempt to generate a suitable animal model to study the infectivity and possible pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency viruses, we intravenously inoculated juvenile rhesus macaques and african green monkeys with a molecularly cloned virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 2 hiv-2sbl/isy, as well as with the uncloned hiv-2nih-z virus. infection was monitored by virus recovery from the peripheral blood cells and by seroconversion against hiv-2 antigens measured by western immunoblot, rad ... | 1990 | 2117071 |
| effects on plasma lipoproteins of monounsaturated, saturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet of african green monkeys. | work by other investigators has shown that an increase in dietary content of monounsaturated fatty acids can result in a decreased plasma low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol concentration. this observation, combined with the epidemiologic evidence that monounsaturated fat-rich diets are associated with decreased rates of death from coronary heart disease, suggests that inclusion of increased amounts of mono-unsaturated fat in the diet may be beneficial. the present study was carried out in ... | 1990 | 2079610 |
| naturally acquired and experimental leprosy in nonhuman primates. | naturally-acquired leprosy has been observed in chimpanzees and sooty mangabey monkeys. experimental multibacillary leprosy was established in 24 of 36 mangabey monkeys, 7 of 34 rhesus monkeys, and 15 of 19 african green monkeys following intravenous and intradermal inoculation of mycobacterium leprae. the experimental disease strongly resembles leprosy in humans clinically, histopathologically, and immunologically. thus, in addition to nine-banded armadillos in louisiana and texas, chimpanzees ... | 1991 | 2042709 |
| structural comparison of the external glycoproteins of human and simian immunodeficiency virus. | the structural variability of the external glycoproteins of primate immunodeficiency viruses, has, so far, been investigated exclusively by sequence comparison of the respective proviral genomes. we have examined the structural relationship amount the external glycoproteins from three specific human immunodeficiency viruses (hif-1, hiv-2), three specific simian immunodeficiency viruses from macaques (sivmac) and three specific siv from african green monkeys (sivagm) by peptide mapping. differenc ... | 1991 | 2040588 |