| increase in urinary excretion of 6beta-hydroxycortisol in common marmosets as a marker of hepatic cyp3a induction. | the ratio of urinary 6beta-hydroxycortisol (6beta-ohf) to free cortisol (f), i.e., the 6beta-ohf/f ratio, has been reported to be a specific marker for human cyp3a induction by in vivo studies of human subjects. in the development of drugs, it is quite beneficial to predict human cyp3a induction in preclinical safety studies using urine samples from experimental animals. we examined the 6beta-ohf/f ratio in urine of common marmosets administered with rifampicin, a potent inducer of cyp3a, to eva ... | 1999 | 10463384 |
| the effects of acutely administered low dose sarin on cognitive behaviour and the electroencephalogram in the common marmoset. | previous studies have suggested that administration of a clinically sign-free dose of sarin to non-human primates gives rise to subtle changes in brain electrical activity as measured by electroencephalography (eeg) several months following exposure. the functional significances of such changes are unclear. the present study monitored eeg by using implantable radiotelemetry, and also assessed the performance of complex behavioural tasks, in non-human primates for up to 15 months following exposu ... | 1999 | 10475717 |
| new world, but not old world, monkeys carry several genes encoding beta-microseminoprotein. | it was shown by southern hybridization that cotton-top tamarin and common marmoset, new world monkeys, carry three or more genes encoding beta-microseminoprotein, also known as psp94. in contrast, the genomes of old world monkeys, as represented by rhesus macaque and sacred baboon, contain a single gene. clones containing three different genes encoding beta-microseminoprotein were isolated from a cotton-top tamarin genomic library. they carry two complete genes of four exons and a third gene lac ... | 1999 | 10491085 |
| synaptic input to small bistratified (blue-on) ganglion cells in the retina of a new world monkey, the marmoset callithrix jacchus. | small bistratified (blue-on) ganglion cells in the primate retina are involved in processing short wavelength sensitive cone signals. these ganglion cells stratify in both the on- and off-sublamina of the inner plexiform layer. we investigated the origin of synaptic input to the small bistratified ganglion cell in the retina of a new world primate, the marmoset callithrix jacchus. two small bistratified cells from peripheral retina were intracellularly filled with lucifer yellow, subsequently ph ... | 1999 | 10502249 |
| a reinke-like inclusion within leydig cells of the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) | | 1999 | 10529068 |
| in vivo models for epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated b cell lymphoproliferative disease (blpd). | ebv infects b lymphocytes in vivo and establishes a life-long persistent infection in the host. the latent infection is controlled by ebv-specific mhc class 1-restricted ctl. immunosuppression reduces ctl activity, and this facilitates outgrowth of ebv+ve b cell lymphoproliferative disease (blpd). blpd are aggressive lesions with high mortality. this review presents some key facets in the development of ebv-associated blpd and in vivo studies on its pathogenesis. the animal models used to date i ... | 1999 | 10578121 |
| primary ca1 and conditionally immortal mhp36 cell grafts restore conditional discrimination learning and recall in marmosets after excitotoxic lesions of the hippocampal ca1 field. | common marmosets (callithrix jacchus, n = 18) were trained to discriminate between rewarded and non-rewarded objects (simple discriminations, sds) and to make conditional discriminations (cds) when presented sequentially with two different pairs of identical objects signifying reward either in the right or left food well of the wisconsin general test apparatus. after bilateral n-methyl-d-aspartate (0.12 m) lesions through the cornu ammonis-1 (ca1) field (7 microl in five sites), marmosets showed ... | 1999 | 10581225 |
| expression of the integrin subunits alpha 5, alpha 6 and beta 1 in the testes of the common marmoset. | integrin subunits alpha 5, alpha 6 and beta 1 were localized in the testis of pre-pubertal or adult non-human primates (callithrix jacchus) by immunofluorescence staining and in situ hybridization. in animals of all ages subunits alpha 5 and beta 1 were localized in cells of the lamina propria of the seminiferous epithelium. in prepubertal animals, the integrin subunits alpha 5, alpha 6, as well as beta 1, were distributed all over the plasma membrane of sertoli cells. in adult animals the integ ... | 1999 | 10624606 |
| expression of adhesion receptors on rat limb bud cells and results of treatment with a thalidomide derivative. | the expression of several adhesion surface receptors was studied on cells of early limb bud development of 58 wistar rats treated orally with two daily doses of the thalidomide derivative em12 (2 x 50 mg/kg body weight) from day 7 to 10 of pregnancy. em12 is a more potent teratogen than thalidomide. limb bud cells of 56 untreated animals served as controls. the studies revealed that the integrins cd11a, cd11b, cd18, cd49d, and cd61, as well as the additional adhesion receptors cd54, cd62l, and t ... | 2000 | 10666009 |
| hormones associated with non-maternal infant care: a review of mammalian and avian studies. | hormonal changes during non-maternal infant care have been demonstrated in many cooperatively breeding bird species, some monogamous rodents and two species of new world primates. coevolution of hormones and social traits may have provided for the different breeding systems that occur today. several hormones have been shown to covary with the breeding systems of vertebrates. elevated levels of the hormone prolactin with male parenting behaviours are common to many birds, rodents and the callitri ... | 2000 | 10686483 |
| motor effects of (-)-osu6162 in primates with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. | the effects of the novel compound, (-)-osu6162 ((s)-(-)-3-methylsulfonylphenyl-1-propylpiperidine), on rotational behavior induced by dopamine receptor agonists was investigated in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. (-)-osu6162 per se displayed no effect on the animals' behavior. on the other hand, pretreatment with (-)-osu6162 attenuated rotational behavior induced by apomorphine (apomorphini hydrochloridum), l-dopa (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), and ... | 2000 | 10688984 |
| the 5-ht1a antagonist, way 100 635, alleviates cognitive impairments induced by dizocilpine (mk-801) in monkeys. | central glutamate neurotransmission is modulated by an upregulatory cholinergic influence and an inhibitory serotonergic influence. in alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline is associated with loss of both glutamatergic and cholinergic neurones (francis et al., 1992, progress in neurobiology 39, 517-545). while therapeutic strategies for alleviating this cognitive decline have concentrated on restoring cholinergic tone, we suggest that 5-ht1a antagonists also have the potential to alleviate the ... | 2000 | 10728875 |
| inhibitory control and affective processing in the prefrontal cortex: neuropsychological studies in the common marmoset. | the orbitofrontal cortex has been ascribed a role in the inhibitory control, as well as in the emotional control, of behaviour. while damage to the orbitofrontal cortex in humans and non-human primates can cause inflexibility, impulsiveness and emotional disturbance, the relationship between these effects are unclear. excitotoxic lesion studies in marmosets comparing the effects of cell loss within specific regions of the prefrontal cortex on performance of a range of behavioural tests reveal th ... | 2000 | 10731220 |
| combined use of the adenosine a(2a) antagonist kw-6002 with l-dopa or with selective d1 or d2 dopamine agonists increases antiparkinsonian activity but not dyskinesia in mptp-treated monkeys. | the novel selective adenosine a(2a) receptor antagonist kw-6002 improves motor disability in mptp-treated parkinsonian marmosets without provoking dyskinesia. in this study we have investigated whether kw-6002 in combination with l-dopa or selective d1 or d2 dopamine receptor agonists enhances antiparkinsonian activity in mptp-treated common marmosets. combination of kw-6002 with the selective dopamine d2 receptor agonist quinpirole or the d1 receptor agonist skf80723 produced an additive improv ... | 2000 | 10739638 |
| effects of dietary oltipraz and ethoxyquin on aflatoxin b1 biotransformation in non-human primates. | following aflatoxin b1 (afb) exposure, rats readily develop liver tumors. however, treatment of rats with a variety of compounds, including the synthetic dithiolthione oltipraz and the antioxidant ethoxyquin, protects these rodents from afb-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. several epidemiological studies strongly suggest that afb is also a causative agent of liver cancer in humans. however, relatively little is known about the efficacy of cancer chemoprevention in human and non-human primates. to t ... | 2000 | 10746929 |
| motor neurons are rich in non-phosphorylated neurofilaments: cross-species comparison and alterations in als. | the localization and distribution of non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (np-nf) in the upper and lower motor neurons was investigated in the rat, the common marmoset, the rhesus monkey and man using the smi-32 antibody. within the spinal cord of all species studied, the most intense np-nf immunoreactivity was observed within the ventral horn alpha-motor neurons. concurrent staining for the cholinergic marker choline acetyltransferase (chat) demonstrated that virtually all of the chat-positive alp ... | 2000 | 10751564 |
| sequence and diversity of drb genes of aotus nancymaae, a primate model for human malaria parasites. | the new world primate aotus nancymaae is susceptible to infection with the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax and has therefore been recommended by the world health organization as a model for evaluation of malaria vaccine candidates. we present here a first step in the molecular characterization of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii drb genes of aotus nancymaae (owl monkey or night monkey) by nucleotide sequence analysis of the polymorphic exon 2 ... | 2000 | 10752632 |
| comparative aspects of the metabolism and excretion of cortisol in three individual nonhuman primates. | a radiometabolism study is described to provide the first comparative data on the time course, route, and characteristics of excreted [3h]cortisol metabolites in three nonhuman primates: the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), the long-tailed macaque (macacafascicularis), and the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes). a low dose (40-100 microci) of 3h-labeled cortisol was administered intravenously to one adult male of each species and the excreta collected over a 5-day period postinjection. the major ... | 2000 | 10764553 |
| localization and signaling of the prolactin receptor in the uterus of the common marmoset monkey. | this study investigated the expression and signaling pathway of prl and its receptor in the non-pregnant uterus of the common marmoset monkey. immunohistochemistry localized prl expression to the stromal compartment of the endometrium. expression was minimal during the proliferative phase and was up-regulated during the mid to late secretory phase of the ovulatory cycle. in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry localized expression of the prl receptor to the glandular epithelium of the end ... | 2000 | 10770219 |
| the lung of the marmoset (callithrix jacchus): ultrastructure and morphometric data. | owing to its small size (body weight 300-400 g), its modest demands on animal husbandry, and in particular its relatively long life-span (up to 12 years) the common marmoset (cotton ear marmoset: callithrix jacchus (cj)) might be a useful animal model to study the adaptive capacity to different energetic demands, adverse environmental influences such as air pollution, and aging of the lung. in order to describe the gas exchange apparatus of healthy marmosets as a basis for further pulmonary rese ... | 2000 | 10773246 |
| inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) expression in liver and splenic t lymphocyte rise are associated with liver histological damage during experimental hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in callithrix jacchus. | callithrix jacchus is considered a reliable animal model for hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. all three hav orally inoculated marmosets developed hepatitis - the infection was monitored by continuous virus shedding, high levels of serum enzyme alanine aminotransferase, specific antibody and seroconversion 3-6 weeks after hav inoculation. hav antigen was detected in liver by immunofluorescence 4 days post inoculation (pi) and onwards. to gain insight into the biological role of inducible nitric ... | 2000 | 10779146 |
| new world monkey pepsinogens a and c, and prochymosins. purification, characterization of enzymatic properties, cdna cloning, and molecular evolution. | pepsinogens a and c, and prochymosin were purified from four species of adult new world monkeys, namely, common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), cotton-top tamarin (saguinus oedipus), squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), and capuchin monkey (cebus apella). the occurrence of prochymosin was quite unique since this zymogen is known to be neonate-specific and, in primates, it has been thought that the prochymosin gene is not functional. no multiple form has been detected for any type of pepsinogen exc ... | 2000 | 10788784 |
| choroidal thickness changes during altered eye growth and refractive state in a primate. | in the chick, compensation for experimentally induced defocus involves changes in the thickness of the choroid. the choroid thickens in response to imposed myopic defocus and thins in response to imposed hyperopic defocus. this study was undertaken to determine whether similar choroidal changes occur in the primate eye with induced refractive errors. | 2000 | 10798638 |
| human nerve growth factor protects common marmosets against autoimmune encephalomyelitis by switching the balance of t helper cell type 1 and 2 cytokines within the central nervous system. | multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (cns), in which an immune attack directed against myelin constituents causes myelin destruction and death of oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing cells. here, the efficacy of nerve growth factor (ngf), a growth factor for neurons and oligodendrocytes, in promoting myelin repair was evaluated using the demyelinating model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in the common marmoset. surprisingly, we found th ... | 2000 | 10811872 |
| reduced adrenocortical responsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) in socially subordinate female marmoset monkeys. | socially subordinate female common marmoset monkeys undergo pronounced, chronic reductions in basal plasma cortisol levels, which appear to result both from socially induced suppression of reproductive hormones and from direct effects of social subordination. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that this cortisol suppression is mediated by reduced adrenocortical responsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth). dominant, subordinate, and ovariectomized females were given dexamethasone (5 ... | 2000 | 10818281 |
| effect of neonatal gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist administration on sertoli cell number and testicular development in the marmoset: comparison with the rat. | the primary purpose of this study was to establish whether sertoli cells proliferate in the neonatal period in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) and whether administration of a long-acting gnrh antagonist (gnrha) during this phase induced any transient or permanent effects on sertoli cell number or on any other aspect of testicular development. male marmoset co-twins (n = 9) were treated during weeks 1-14 with either vehicle or gnrha. four sets of co-twins were examined at weeks 18-22 (st ... | 2000 | 10819772 |
| a new primate model for multiple sclerosis in the common marmoset. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) in outbred marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) is a recently developed nonhuman primate model of multiple sclerosis. here, bert 't hart and colleagues compare this model to eae in rhesus monkeys, highlighting autoimmune mechanisms in cns inflammation and demyelination, including the role of major histocompatibility complex restriction and preclinical evaluation of innovative immunotherapies. | 2000 | 10825741 |
| male hypogonadism caused by homozygous deletion of exon 10 of the luteinizing hormone (lh) receptor: differential action of human chorionic gonadotropin and lh. | we report the unique case of a patient with leydig cell hypoplasia (lch) type ii caused by a genomic deletion resulting in the complete absence of exon 10 of the lh receptor (lhr). the patient presented at the age of 18 yr with retarded pubertal development, small testicles, and delayed bone maturation. lh was highly elevated, with very low serum testosterone levels. genetic analysis revealed a homozygous deletion of approximately 5 kbp encompassing exon 10 of the lhr gene. screening of family m ... | 2000 | 10852464 |
| the influence of excitotoxic basal ganglia lesions on motor performance in the common marmoset. | huntington's disease is a genetically inherited neurodegenerative disorder for which currently there is no effective treatment or cure. in order to gauge the potential therapeutic benefits of neuroprotective or restorative treatments, it is necessary to create an animal model that is associated with readily measurable and long-lasting functional impairments. the undifferentiated neostriatum and limited behavioural repertoire of rodents have led to the extension of our investigations into the com ... | 2000 | 10869056 |
| myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis in common marmosets: the encephalitogenic t cell epitope pmog24-36 is presented by a monomorphic mhc class ii molecule. | immunization of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) with a single dose of human myelin in cfa, without administration of bordetella pertussis, induces a form of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) resembling in its clinical and pathological expression multiple sclerosis in humans. the eae incidence in our outbred marmoset colony is 100%. this study was undertaken to assess the genetic and immunological basis of the high eae susceptibility. to this end, we determined the separate contributions o ... | 2000 | 10878388 |
| partial hepatectomy of marmoset: clinical and pathological effects and utility in microsomal enzyme analysis. | liver biopsy based on a partial hepatectomy technique (shearing) was performed in 10 common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). this is a preliminary study to evaluate the effects of drugs on hepatic microsomal enzymes: cytochrome p-450 and t4 uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase (t4-udpgt), by comparing post-treatment values with pre-treatment values individually with a limited number of animals. the effects of the biopsy on clinical findings and liver pathology were evaluated during the firs ... | 2000 | 10889947 |
| form deprivation myopia in mature common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | experimental manipulations of visual experience are known to affect the growth of the eye and the development of refractive state in a variety of species including human and nonhuman primates. for example, it is well established that visual form deprivation causes elongation of the eye and myopia. the effects of such manipulations have generally been examined in neonatal or juvenile animals. whether adolescent common marmosets (a new world primate) are susceptible to form deprivation myopia was ... | 2000 | 10892841 |
| carcinoembryonic antigen family of adhesion molecules in the cotton top tamarin (saguinus oedipus). | humans and the cotton top tamarin, a model for colitis and colorectal cancer, share carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) moieties. we quantified cea in colonic washings and extracts in both, and cea bands were confirmed by western blot. we compared cea-family expression in tissues and serum in the tamarin with that of the common marmoset, which develops colitis but not cancer. cea levels are higher in tamarin washings compared with humans, and higher than in marmosets extracts (p<0.005). cea molecular ... | 2000 | 10893441 |
| analysis of gene expression in a human cell line stably transduced with herpesvirus saimiri. | herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) is the prototype gamma-2 herpesvirus; it has significant homology to the human gammaherpesviruses kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus and epstein-barr virus and the murine gammaherpesvirus murine herpesvirus 68. hvs causes a persistent asymptomatic infection in its natural host, the squirrel monkey. both subgroups a and c possess the ability to immortalize common marmoset t lymphocytes to interleukin-2-independent proliferation. however, only subgroup c is capable of tran ... | 2000 | 10906186 |
| thyroid hyperactivity induced by methimazole, spironolactone and phenobarbital in marmosets (callithrix jacchus): histopathology, plasma thyroid hormone levels and hepatic t4 metabolism. | to determine drug-induced hyperfunction of marmoset thyroids due to inhibition of synthesis or enhancement of metabolic elimination of thyroid hormones, males were orally administered 10 and 30 mg/kg/day methimazole (mmi), 30 and 100 mg/kg/day spironolactone (spl), or 50 mg/kg/day phenobarbital (pb) for 4 weeks. mmi caused marked hypertrophy of follicular epithelial cells in accordance with a significant decrease in the plasma thyroxin (t4) level. hypertrophied epithelial cells were filled with ... | 2000 | 10907687 |
| distribution of the alpha1 subunit of the gaba(a) receptor on midget and parasol ganglion cells in the retina of the common marmoset callithrix jacchus. | the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (gaba) has been shown to influence the responses of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina. consistently, gaba(a) receptor subunits have been localized to different ganglion cell types. in this study, the distribution of the alpha1 subunit of the gaba(a) receptor on the dendrites of midget and parasol ganglion cells was investigated quantitatively in the retina of a new world monkey, the marmoset. ganglion cells were injected with neurobiot ... | 2000 | 10910110 |
| sequence and diversity of mhc dqa and dqb genes of the owl monkey aotus nancymaae. | the new world primate aotus nancymaae has been recommended by the world health organization (who) as a model for evaluation of malaria vaccine candidates, given its susceptibility to experimental infection with the human malaria parasites plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax. we present here the nucleotide sequences of the complete cdna of mhc-dqa1 and of the polymorphic exon 2 segments of mhc-dqb1/dqb2. in a group of three nonrelated animals captured in the wild, five alleles of mhc-dqa1 ... | 2000 | 10912504 |
| distribution of calbindin, parvalbumin, and calretinin immunoreactivity in the reticular thalamic nucleus of the marmoset: evidence for a medial leaflet of incertal neurons. | the placement of the reticular thalamic nucleus (rtn) between the dorsal thalamus and the cortex and the inhibitory nature of reticulothalamic projections has led to suggestions that it "gates" the flow of sensory information to the cortex. the new world diurnal monkey, the marmoset, callithrix jacchus is emerging as an important "model primate" for the study of sensory processing. we have examined the distribution of nissl-stained somata and calbindin, parvalbumin, and calretinin immunoreactivi ... | 2000 | 10915576 |
| the collagen repeat sequence is a determinant of the degree of herpesvirus saimiri stp transforming activity. | herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) is divided into three subgroups, a, b, and c, based on sequence divergence at the left end of genomic dna in which the saimiri transforming protein (stp) resides. subgroup a and c strains transform primary common marmoset lymphocytes to interleukin-2-independent growth, whereas subgroup b strains do not. to investigate the nononcogenic phenotype of the subgroup b viruses, stp genes from seven subgroup b virus isolates were cloned and sequenced. consistent with the lack ... | 2000 | 10933720 |
| anxiolytic profile of ropinirole in the rat, mouse and common marmoset. | some features of parkinson's disease are exacerbated by stress and anxiety and it is important to understand the effects of dopamine receptor agonists on measures of anxiety. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of the dopamine d2/d3 receptor agonist ropinirole in models of anxiety and depression in the rat, mouse and marmoset. | 2000 | 10958122 |
| fatal lymphoproliferative disease associated with a novel gammaherpesvirus in a captive population of common marmosets. | callitrichids (marmosets and tamarins) are extremely susceptible to experimental tumor induction by herpesviruses native to other primate species. a colony of common marmosets developed a syndrome of weight loss, inappetence, diarrhea, and in several animals, palpable abdominal masses. | 2000 | 10987671 |
| post-conflict affiliation in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus). | post-conflict (pc) affiliation has been demonstrated in a number of old world monkeys and apes, but very little is known about the occurrence of the phenomenon in new world monkeys. this study examined 282 pc interactions after spontaneous conflicts around feeding time in two family groups (n = 12) of captive common marmosets, callithrix jacchus jacchus. we found an overall corrected conciliatory tendency of 31%. selective attraction was seen: former opponents met significantly more often in pcs ... | 2000 | 10993136 |
| differential expression of estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta and androgen receptor in the ovaries of marmosets and humans. | estrogens and androgens are essential for the maturation of the ovarian follicle and normal fertility in the female. we have used antibodies specific for both forms of estrogen receptor (alpha [eralpha] and beta [erbeta]) and androgen receptor (ar) to investigate the pattern of receptor expression in ovaries obtained from women and from a new world primate, the common marmoset (callthrix jacchus). on western blots, three antibodies directed against different peptides within human erbeta all reco ... | 2000 | 10993832 |
| rabies in tamarins (callithrix jacchus) in the state of ceará, brazil, a distinct viral variant? | presently, the state of ceará reports the largest percentage of human rabies cases originated from wild animals in brazil, transmitted by the principal simian species, the tamarin (callithrix jacchus), found in various locations throughout the state, but concentrated along the coast. epidemiological studies indicated that possibly the same virus caused the deaths in humans and non-human primates. this rabies virus seem to be different from all other identified so far. | 2000 | 10998207 |
| sequence and functional characterisation of the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) prolactin receptor: comparative homology with the human long-form prolactin receptor. | this study demonstrates the cloning and in-vitro characterisation of the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) prolactin receptor cdna. the marmoset prolactin receptor cdna was generated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using adrenal rna and primers designed from prolactin receptor conserved regions. sequence analysis predicts a mature protein of 598 amino acids exclusive of the 24 amino acid signal peptide. the marmoset prolactin receptor cdna shares 93 and 61% base pair, and 8 ... | 2000 | 11000523 |
| naturally occurring and experimentally induced beta-amyloid deposits in the brains of marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | cerebral beta-amyloid occurs in elderly animals of some species and in alzheimer's disease. previously, we injected 3 young marmosets intracerebrally with brain tissue from a patient with alzheimer's disease. six years later, when the monkeys were middle aged, we found moderate numbers of intracerebral plaques and cerebrovascular deposits containing beta-amyloid. we have re-examined these brains and those of 10 other marmosets injected with brain homogenate containing beta-amyloid, and have foun ... | 2000 | 11005545 |
| marmoset spermatogenesis: organizational similarities to the human. | the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), a small new world primate of high fecundity, is widely used in reproductive research. the aim of the present study was to determine the organization of the germ cells within the seminiferous epithelium, the duration of the spermatogenic cycle and the number of spermatogonial mitoses. antibodies to camp response element modulator (crem) and proliferating nuclear cell antigen (pcna) and a crna directed against protamine p2 and morphological criteria were u ... | 2000 | 11012784 |
| mhc (major histocompatibility complex)-drb genes and polymorphisms in common marmoset. | a new world monkey, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), will be used as a preclinical animal model to study the feasibility of cell and gene therapy targeting immunological and hematological disorders. for elucidating the immunogenetic background of common marmoset to further studies, in the present study, polymorphisms of mhc-drb genes in this species were examined. twenty-one caja-drb exon 2 alleles, including seven new ones, were detected by means of subcloning and the polymerase chain ... | 2000 | 11029066 |
| adrenocortical function in a new world primate, the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus. | the function of the adrenal cortex of the marmoset monkey callithrix jacchus has been investigated. in common with other new world primates, these animals seem to be glucocorticoid resistant. blood and adrenal glands were obtained from male and female animals under terminal pentobarbitone anesthesia. dispersed adrenal cell preparations were obtained by treatment with collagenase and incubated with acth(1-24), (0.1-1000 nm) angiotensin ii (0.1-1000 nm), dibutyryl cyclic amp (dbcamp; 30-1000 micro ... | 2000 | 11042005 |
| dopamine release and uptake dynamics within nonhuman primate striatum in vitro. | the putamen of the human striatum is a heterogeneous nucleus that contains the primary site of loss of dopamine (da) in parkinson's disease (pd). furthermore, different functional domains of the putamen are heterogeneously susceptible to da loss, and yet the dynamic regulation of extracellular da concentration ([da](o)) and comparison between domains has not been explored in the primate brain. in these studies, da was measured in real time using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at a carbon-fiber mic ... | 2000 | 11050144 |
| chelator-induced iron excretion in iron-overloaded marmosets. | in order to test new orally active iron chelators in a predictive way, a primate model has been developed. this model makes use of the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) and its overall design is similar to a previously reported monkey model. however, this new model enables a higher compound throughput and requires lower amounts of test compound because the animals are much easier to handle and have much lower body weights. the marmosets were iron-overloaded by three intraperitoneal injections ... | 2000 | 11054093 |
| comparative study on the distribution patterns of p2x(1)-p2x(6) receptor immunoreactivity in the brainstem of the rat and the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus): association with catecholamine cell groups. | the present study investigated the topographical distribution of p2x(1)-p2x(6) receptor subtypes in the rat and common marmoset hindbrain by immunohistochemistry. in addition, double-labeling immunofluorescence was used to determine the extent of colocalization between catecholamine cell groups and the various p2x receptors. the data demonstrate a widespread distribution pattern for all six p2x receptors throughout both the rat hindbrain and the marmoset hindbrain, although distinctions between ... | 2000 | 11056460 |
| non-invasive collection of ejaculates from the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) using penile vibrostimulation. | penile vibrostimulation (pvs), a noninvasive repeatable method, has been shown in the squirrel monkey to yield semen of higher quality than rectal probe electro-ejaculation (rpe). the present study aimed at establishing the conditions for pvs to collect ejaculates from marmoset monkeys. ten adult males were trained on the appropriate handling before each was subject to six to 12 pvs tests. ejaculation was stimulated using a ferticare personal vibrator fitted with a 2 cm x 0.5 cm i.d. glass tube. ... | 2000 | 11078029 |
| herpesvirus saimiri pathogenicity enhanced by thymidine kinase of herpes simplex virus. | herpesvirus saimiri can be used as an efficient gene expression vector for human t lymphocytes and thus may allow applications in experimental leukemia therapy. we constructed recombinant viruses for the functional expression of the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv) as a suicide gene. these viruses reliably allowed the targeted elimination of transduced nonpermissive human t cells in vitro after the administration of ganciclovir. to test the reliability of this function ... | 2000 | 11118367 |
| distribution of glycine receptor subunits on primate retinal ganglion cells: a quantitative analysis. | this study investigates the distribution of inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors on sensory neurons. ganglion cells in the retina of a new world monkey, the common marmoset callithrix jacchus, were injected with lucifer yellow and neurobiotin and subsequently processed with antibodies against one (alpha1), or against all subunits, of the glycine receptor, or against the anchoring protein gephyrin. immunoreactive (ir) puncta representing glycine receptor or gephyrin clusters were found on the pr ... | 2000 | 11122328 |
| quantitative analysis of spermatogenesis and apoptosis in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) reveals high rates of spermatogonial turnover and high spermatogenic efficiency. | spermatogenesis is characterized by the succession in time and space of specific germ cell associations (stages). there can be a single stage (e.g., rodents and some macaques) or more than one stage (e.g., chimpanzee and human) per tubular cross section. we analyzed the organization of the seminiferous epithelium and quantified testicular germ cell production and apoptosis in a new world primate, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). tubule cross sections contained more than one stage, and t ... | 2001 | 11133666 |
| visual discrimination learning impairments produced by combined transections of the anterior temporal stem, amygdala and fornix in marmoset monkeys. | marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) with bilateral transections of the anterior temporal stem, amygdala and fornix were unable to relearn a 2-choice object discrimination first learnt prior to surgery, and were very severely impaired at relearning a concurrent object discrimination task which they had learnt and relearnt prior to surgery, indicating that they had a dense retrograde amnesia. they also had difficulty learning new visual object discriminations but were only mildly impaired on spa ... | 2001 | 11146050 |
| an epstein-barr-related herpesvirus from marmoset lymphomas. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) is implicated in the development of human b cell lymphomas and carcinomas. although related oncogenic herpesviruses were believed to be endemic only in old world primate species, we now find these viruses to be endemic in new world primates. we have isolated a transforming, ebv-related virus from spontaneous b cell lymphomas of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). sequencing of two-thirds of the genome reveals considerable divergence from the genomes of ebv and old wor ... | 2001 | 11158621 |
| mechanisms of estradiol inactivation in primate endometrium. | in uterine endometrium, the level of estradiol is controlled by oxidative 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17hsd) activity which converts the bioactive hormone to the less active compound estrone. at least three different types of 17hsd (types 2, 4 and 8) use estradiol as their preferred substrate and may contribute to the overall rate of estradiol-inactivation in the uterus. in this study the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) was used for the investigation of the particular contribution ... | 2001 | 11165027 |
| expression of the estradiol-synthesizing 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases type 1 and type 7 in the nonhuman primate callithrix jacchus. | the common marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) was used as a primate model for the study of the expression of the estradiol synthesizing enzymes 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and type 7 (17hsd1 and 17hsd7). the tissue-specific expression of 17hsd1 and 17hsd7 mrna in callithrix jacchus and human as shown by northern blot analysis revealed strong similarities between the two species. after cloning of the marmoset-specific coding cdna sequence of 17hsd7 a similarity of 95% to the know ... | 2001 | 11165028 |
| comparative expression of hedonic impact: affective reactions to taste by human infants and other primates. | this study examines behavioral affective reactions elicited by tastes from eight newborn human infants, and from 27 other infant or adult primates. non-human primates belonged to 11 species: three great apes (chimpanzee, orangutan, gorilla), three old world monkeys (rhesus monkey, greater spot-nosed monkey, and red-capped mangabey), four new world monkeys (golden-handed tamarin, cotton-top tamarin, white tufted-ear marmoset, and humboldt's night monkey), and one lemur (mongoose lemur). the taste ... | 2001 | 11166078 |
| glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor concentration dependently improves disability and motor activity in mptp-treated common marmosets. | glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf) has previously reduced motor deficits and preserved nigral dopamine neurones in rhesus monkeys with a unilateral mptp-induced lesion of substantia nigra. we now report on the ability of gdnf to reverse motor deficits induced by parenteral administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) to common marmosets resulting in bilateral degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway. prior to gdnf administration, all mptp-treated animals ... | 2001 | 11166735 |
| cross-reactivity of antibodies on thymic epithelial cells from humans and marmosets by flow-cytometry. | callithrix jacchus, the common marmoset, is particularly suitable for immunological studies in vivo and in vitro since many antibodies directed against epitopes of human cells do also react with their analogues from this non-human primate. we studied the reactivity of antibodies against human epitopes on primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells from marmosets and humans by flow-cytometry after different culture periods. the antibodies against integrins, including cd61, reacted with thymic epi ... | 2000 | 11168825 |
| characterization of the response to myelin basic protein in a non human primate model for multiple sclerosis. | the common marmoset callithrix jacchus (c. jacchus) is an outbred species characterized by a naturally occurring bone marrow chimerism and susceptibility to a form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) resembling multiple sclerosis (ms). t cell clones specific for the myelin antigen, myelin basic protein (mbp), can be derived from both naive and immunized marmosets and can adoptively transfer eae to compatible chimeric siblings. here, we demonstrate that several different antigenic ... | 2001 | 11180112 |
| gross and microscopic anatomy of the extraorbital lacrimal gland of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the lacrimal gland is often selected for microscopic examination in toxicologic studies. however, this gland is difficult to find within the orbit in marmosets at necropsy. therefore, we examined the extraorbital lacrimal glands in marmosets. | 2000 | 11200566 |
| bromocriptine administration lowers serum prolactin and disrupts parental responsiveness in common marmosets (callithrix j. jacchus). | the influence of prolactin on parental responsiveness was investigated in eight unpaired, parentally inexperienced common marmosets (callithrix jacchus; 6 female, 2 male). the marmosets were prescreened with infants (1-10 days of age) and required to exhibit short latency retrieval and infant carrying in at least three consecutive pretests as criterion for inclusion in this study. the marmosets were then administered the dopamine agonist bromocriptine (0.5 mg/0.5ml vehicle subcutaneously) and th ... | 2001 | 11243738 |
| conservation of absolute foveal area in new world monkeys. a constraint on eye size and conformation. | the foveal specializations of five new world monkeys, the marmoset, callithrix jacchus; the golden-handed tamarin, saguinus midas niger; the squirrel monkey, saimiri ustius; the capuchin monkey, cebus apella; and the howler monkey, alouatta caraya were compared. although retinal area varies by over a factor of two in these monkeys, the area of the fovea does not covary with retinal area and remains approximately the same absolute size, as measured by the dimensions of the high density region of ... | 2000 | 11251320 |
| visual agnosia and klüver-bucy syndrome in marmosets (callithrix jacchus) following ablation of inferotemporal cortex, with additional mnemonic effects of immunotoxic lesions of cholinergic projections to medial temporal areas. | inferotemporal ablations in the new world monkey, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), produced a persistent impairment on visual discrimination learning and a florid, but transient, klüver-bucy syndrome. monkeys with these ablations were impaired on acquisition of object discriminations to a high criterion and on concurrent discrimination learning, to a single high criterion across all trials. neither the control monkeys nor the monkeys with inferotemporal ablations found acquisition more ... | 2001 | 11292457 |
| coadministration of (-)-osu6162 with l-dopa normalizes preproenkephalin mrna expression in the sensorimotor striatum of primates with unilateral 6-ohda lesions. | the substituted phenylpiperidine (-)-osu6162 is a novel modulator of the dopaminergic systems with low affinity for dopamine d(2) receptors and potent normalizing effects on l-dopa-induced dyskinesias. we studied the effects of coadministration of (-)-osu6162 with l-dopa on the regulation of striatal preproenkephalin (ppe) and prodynorphin (pdyn) mrna expression in the primate brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry. common marmoset monkeys sustaining unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions o ... | 2001 | 11312565 |
| the selection of marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) in pharmaceutical toxicology. | prior to controlled clinical trials in human volunteers or patients it is required that novel pharmaceuticals are evaluated for pre-clinical safety in a rodent and a non-rodent ('second') species. in most cases the rodent species used has been the rat and the second species has been the dog or macaque (usually cynomolgus or rhesus) monkey. however, there is an increasing trend within the united kingdom (uk) pharmaceutical industry to use the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) for pre-clinical ... | 2001 | 11315160 |
| prolactin levels are elevated after infant carrying in parentally inexperienced common marmosets. | alloparental behavior (parental behavior directed to nondescendant young) is pervasive among human cultures but rare among other mammals. new world primates of the family callitrichidae, including common marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus), dwell in large families and many family members carry and/or provision infants. this study experimentally characterized alloparenting in common marmosets by measuring infant retrieval and carrying outside of the context of the family group. prolactin was m ... | 2001 | 11337003 |
| characterization of tactile afferent fibers in the hand of the marmoset monkey. | the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus, has increasingly been the subject of experiments for the analysis of somatosensory system function in simian primates. however, as response properties of the mechanoreceptive afferent fibers supplying the skin have not been characterized for this primate, the present study was undertaken to classify fibers innervating the glabrous skin of the marmoset hand and determine whether they resembled those described for other mammalian species, including cat, mac ... | 2001 | 11352997 |
| hierarchical equivalence of somatosensory areas i and ii for tactile processing in the cerebral cortex of the marmoset monkey. | responsiveness of the first somatosensory area (si) of the cerebral cortex was investigated in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) in association with cooling-induced, reversible inactivation of the second somatosensory area, sii. the aim was to determine whether si responsiveness to peripheral tactile stimulation depends on sii and therefore whether si and sii in the marmoset occupy hierarchically equivalent positions in a parallel organizational scheme for thalamocortical tactile processi ... | 2001 | 11352999 |
| molecular evolution of gh in primates: characterisation of the gh genes from slow loris and marmoset defines an episode of rapid evolutionary change. | pituitary growth hormone (gh), like several other protein hormones, shows an unusual episodic pattern of molecular evolution in which sustained bursts of rapid change are imposed on long periods of very slow evolution (near-stasis). a marked period of rapid change occurred in the evolution of gh in primates or a primate ancestor, and gave rise to the species specificity that is characteristic of human gh. we have defined more precisely the position of this burst by cloning and sequencing the gh ... | 2001 | 11357061 |
| [ilheus arbovirus in wild birds (sporophila caerulescens and molothrus bonariensis)]. | to report the first ilheus arboviruses isolated from wild birds and analyze its public health impact. | 2001 | 11359196 |
| dissociable contributions of the orbitofrontal and lateral prefrontal cortex of the marmoset to performance on a detour reaching task. | to gain insight into the nature and neural specificity of the relationship between simple problem solving, inhibitory control and prefrontal cortex, comparison of the effects of excitotoxic lesions of the orbitofrontal and lateral prefrontal cortex were examined on the performance of common marmosets on a detour reaching task. monkeys were required to inhibit reaching directly for food reward in a transparent box and instead make a detour reach around to the side of the box either having had (i) ... | 2001 | 11359531 |
| haematopoietic progenitor cells from the common marmoset as targets of gene transduction by retroviral and adenoviral vectors. | to establish a new non-human primate model for human cytokine and gene therapy, we characterized lymphocytes and haematopoietic progenitor cells of the small new world monkey, the common marmoset. we first assessed the reactions of marmoset bone marrow (bm) and peripheral blood (pb) cells to mouse anti-human monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for the purpose of isolating marmoset lymphocytes and haematopoietic progenitor cells. both cell fractions stained with cd4 and cd8 mabs were identified as lymph ... | 2001 | 11380607 |
| long-range interactions in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the new-world monkey, callithrix jacchus. | visual stimulation of zones extending beyond the classical receptive field can modulate the contrast gain of neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) of cats, but little is known about the effect of extra-classical visual stimulation on the lgn of primates. hence, we compare the effect of long-range interactions in parvocellular and magnocellular lgn layers of the marmoset monkey callithrix jacchus using optimal, incremental spots flashed on the classical receptive field either alone or s ... | 2001 | 11417796 |
| female marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) can be identified from the chemical composition of their scent marks. | the present study analyzed 42 organic solvent extracts of scent mark pools from five dominant female common marmosets by gas chromatography (gc) and combined gc and mass spectrometry. we determined whether there were qualitative or quantitative differences between the chemical composition of scent marks from individual females. gas chromatography and mass spectral analysis detected the same 162 chemicals in 86% (36/42) of scent mark pools from five dominant females. this near identical chemical ... | 2001 | 11418490 |
| functional imaging of brain activity in conscious monkeys responding to sexually arousing cues. | olfactory cues can elicit intense emotional responses. this study used fmri in male common marmoset monkeys to identify brain areas associated with sexual arousal in response to odors of ovulating female monkeys. under light anesthesia, monkeys were secured in a specially designed restrainer and positioned in a 9.4 t magnetic resonance spectrometer. when fully conscious, they were presented with the scents of both ovariectomized and ovulating monkeys. the sexually arousing odors of the ovulating ... | 2001 | 11447340 |
| bipolar cell diversity in the primate retina: morphologic and immunocytochemical analysis of a new world monkey, the marmoset callithrix jacchus. | the aim of this study was to identify the bipolar cell types in the retina of a new world monkey, the common marmoset, and compare them with those found in the old world macaque monkey. retinal whole-mounts, sections, or both, were stained by using dii labeling and immunohistochemical methods. semithin sections were analyzed by using quantitative methods. we show that the same morphologic types of bipolar cell as described for the old world macaque monkey by boycott and wässle (boycott and wässl ... | 2001 | 11494253 |
| ocular dominance columns in the adult new world monkey callithrix jacchus. | in the marmoset callithrix jacchus, ocular dominance columns (odc) have been reported to be present in young animals, but absent in adults (spatz, 1989). we have studied in juvenile and adult animals the postnatal organization of the retino-geniculo-cortical afferents by means of transneuronal labeling. we show in the present work that odc are present in the primary visual cortex of callithrix jacchus, both in the adult and in the juvenile animal. the present work confirms the presence of odc in ... | 2001 | 11497417 |
| prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) using a chimeric antagonist monoclonal antibody against human cd40 is associated with altered b cell responses. | inhibition of cd40-cd40 ligand interaction is a potentially effective approach for treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. we have investigated this concept with a chimeric antagonist anti-human cd40 mab (ch5d12) in the marmoset monkey experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) model. marmosets were immunized with recombinant human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (rmog) and treated from the day before immunization (day -1) until day 50 with either ch5d12 (5 mg/kg e ... | 2001 | 11509643 |
| short and mid-wavelength cone distribution in a nocturnal strepsirrhine primate (microcebus murinus). | strepsirrhines are of considerable interest for understanding the evolution of cone photoreceptors because they represent the most ancestral living primates. the retina of nocturnal strepsirrhines is reported to contain a single population of medium/long wavelength (mw/lw) cones whereas short wavelength (sw) cones are totally absent. the area centralis of nocturnal strepsirrhines also lacks the degree of central specialization seen in the fovea of diurnal primates. in this study of a nocturnal s ... | 2001 | 11559903 |
| the role of the primate amygdala in conditioned reinforcement. | conditioned reinforcement refers to the capacity of a conditioned stimulus to support instrumental behavior by acquiring affective properties of the primary reinforcer with which it is associated. conditioned reinforcers maintain behavior over protracted periods of time in the absence of, and potentially in conflict with, primary reinforcers and as such may play a fundamental role in complex social behavior. a relatively large body of evidence supports the view that the amygdala (and in particul ... | 2001 | 11567067 |
| differential effects of 6-ohda lesions of the frontal cortex and caudate nucleus on the ability to acquire an attentional set. | evidence from both human and animal studies indicates that catecholamine (dopamine and noradrenaline) imbalances in the fronto-striatal circuitry are associated with deficits in higher- order cognitive functions. the present study examined how catecholamines within this circuitry modulate attentional function, specifically the ability to develop, maintain, and shift an attentional set. catecholamine depletions within the frontal cortex of the common marmoset impaired the ability to acquire an at ... | 2001 | 11590111 |
| characterization of the expressed immunoglobulin ighv repertoire in the new world marmoset callithrix jacchus. | the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus) is a member of the callithrichinae, a family of outbred new world primates with limited mhc polymorphisms and a propensity to develop spontaneous or experimentally induced autoimmunity. c. jacchus marmosets are susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), and spontaneously develop autoimmune colitis and thyroiditis. such disease models approximate the complexity of human autoimmune disorders, and allow an investigation of the resp ... | 2001 | 11685468 |
| subtoxic hepatic vitamin a concentrations in captive rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | although the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) is a widely used experimental animal, its exact vitamin a requirement is unknown. an amount of 430-3600 iu/d [129-1080 retinol equivalents (re)] is recommended, largely on the basis of depletion studies. normal hepatic vitamin a appears to be 1 micromol/g liver. our goal was to determine hepatic vitamin a concentrations of captive monkeys. liver autopsy samples from rhesus and marmoset (callithrix jacchus) monkeys were obtained from the wisconsin regio ... | 2001 | 11694616 |
| methylmercury poisoning in common marmosets--a study of selective vulnerability within the cerebral cortex. | neuropathological lesions found in chronic human minamata disease tend to be localized in the calcarine cortex of occipital lobes, the pre- and postcentral lobuli, and the temporal gyri. the mechanism for the selective vulnerability is still not clear, though several hypotheses have been proposed. one hypothesis is vascular and postulates that the lesions are the result of ischemia secondary to compression of sulcal arteries from methylmercury-induced cerebral edema. to test this hypothesis, we ... | 2001 | 11695574 |
| monoamine oxidase-inhibition and mptp-induced neurotoxicity in the non-human primate: comparison of rasagiline (tvp 1012) with selegiline. | the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) has been shown to induce parkinsonism in man and non-human primates. monoamine-oxidase b (mao-b) has been reported to be implicated in both mptp-induced parkinsonism and parkinson's disease, since selegiline (l-deprenyl), an irreversible mao-b inhibitor, prevents mptp-induced neurotoxicity in numerous species including mice, goldfish and drosophyla. however, one disadvantage of this substance relates to its metabolism to (-)-meth ... | 2001 | 11716151 |
| nafenopin-, ciprofibroyl-, and palmitoyl-coa conjugation in vitro: kinetic and molecular characterization of marmoset liver microsomes and expressed mlcl1. | acyl-coa conjugation of xenobiotic carboxylic acids is catalyzed by hepatic microsomal long-chain fatty acid coa ligases (lcl, ec 6.2.1.3). marmosets (callithrix jacchus) are considered genetically closer to humans than rodents and are used in pharmacological and toxicological studies. we have demonstrated that marmoset liver microsomes catalyze nafenopin-, ciprofibroyl-, and palmitoyl-coa conjugation and that only palmitoyl-coa conjugation is significantly upregulated (1.7-fold, p < 0.02) by a ... | 2001 | 11716462 |
| the contraceptive potential of zp3 and zp3 peptides in a primate model. | it has been known for some time that antibodies raised against zp3, the major component of the glycoprotein shell that surrounds all mammalian oocytes, can successfully inhibit sperm-egg interaction in vitro. in our own studies using the non-human primate callithrix jacchus, active immunisation was successfully achieved when homologous or heterologous zp3 was used as an immunogen. however this long-term suppression of fertility was at the expense of ovarian function. an ovarian pathology was obs ... | 2002 | 11730908 |
| investigation of the sleep electrocorticogram of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) using radiotelemetry. | to evaluate the use of a totally implantable radiotelemetry system for recording the sleep electrocorticogram (ecog) of a small new world primate, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) without restraint during data collection. | 2001 | 11738198 |
| an extensive monoclonal antibody panel for the phenotyping of leukocyte subsets in the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. | new world monkeys are valuable animal models to study human diseases. to determine the phenotype of cells involved in immune responses, we used flow cytometry to screen a large panel of anti-human monoclonal antibodies (mab) for cross-reactivity with cells of the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. certain antigens (e.g., cd2, cd8, cd20) are well conserved. however, cd10, cd23, and cd33 showed a clear discrepancy in their reaction patterns in both species, indicating that significant dif ... | 2001 | 11746099 |
| rabies in marmosets (callithrix jacchus), ceará, brazil. | a new rabies virus variant, with no close antigenic or genetic relationship to any known rabies variants found in bats or terrestrial mammals in the americas, was identified in association with human rabies cases reported from the state of ceará, brazil, from 1991 to 1998. the marmoset, callithrix jacchus acchus, was determined to be the source of exposure. | 2001 | 11747745 |
| experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the new world monkey callithrix jacchus. | models that adequately reflect the complexity of human multiple sclerosis (ms) are needed, especially for preclinical testing of immunomodulatory drugs. our group has created a unique experimental system in a new world outbred primate, the common marmoset callithrix jacchus (c. jacchus). following immunization with myelin, these monkeys develop a chronic, relapsing-remitting form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), which pathologically recapitulates the hallmark features of lesions ... | 2001 | 11782255 |
| development and validation of a new monoclonal antibody to mammalian aromatase. | the biosynthesis of oestrogens from androgens is catalysed by the aromatase complex, an essential component of which is the aromatase cytochrome p450 (p450 arom) protein. expression of a functional p450 arom is essential for normal fertility in males and females and the sequence of the protein is highly conserved. we have raised a new monoclonal antibody against a conserved peptide and validated it on fixed tissue sections of the rat, common marmoset (callthrix jacchus) and human. the monoclonal ... | 2002 | 11786371 |
| cortical and thalamic connections of the parietal ventral somatosensory area in marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus). | microelectrode mapping methods were used to define the parietal ventral somatosensory area (pv) on the upper bank of the lateral sulcus in five marmosets (callithrix jacchus). in the same animals, neuroanatomical tracers were placed into electrophysiologically identified sites in pv and/or the second somatosensory area (s2). foci of anterograde and retrograde label were related to electrophysiological maps of cortical areas and cortical and thalamic architecture. the results lead to the followin ... | 2002 | 11793354 |
| does the milk of callitrichid monkeys differ from that of larger anthropoids? | the generalization that anthropoid primates produce dilute milks that are low in protein and energy is based primarily on data from large monkeys of the families cebidae and cercopithecidae, as well as humans. the marmosets and tamarins (callitrichidae) are not only much smaller in body size, but also typically raise multiple offspring during a relatively brief lactation. we hypothesized that selection for small body size and high reproductive rate might favor secretion of milk of higher energy ... | 2002 | 11793418 |
| [horizontal transmission of live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine virus]. | to investigate the horizontal transmission of virus after inoculation with live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine. | 2001 | 11798919 |