| lack of cross-resistance between neonicotinoids and sulfoxaflor in field strains of q-biotype of whitefly, bemisia tabaci, from eastern china. | control of bemisia tabaci has depended primarily and heavily on insecticides, especially neonicotinoids. the novel sulfoximine insecticide sulfoxaflor exhibits high potency against a broad range of sap-feeding insect species, including those resistant to neonicotinoids. the resistance levels of q-biotype b. tabaci field strains collected from 8 locations in eastern china to neonicotinoids and sulfoxaflor were investigated, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of nicotinic acetylcholine rec ... | 2017 | 28187830 |
| identification and expression profile analysis of odorant binding protein and chemosensory protein genes in bemisia tabaci med by head transcriptome. | odorant binding proteins (obps) and chemosensory proteins (csps) of arthropods are thought to be involved in chemical recognition which regulates pivotal behaviors including host choice, copulation and reproduction. in insects, obps and csps located mainly in the antenna but they have not been systematically characterized yet in bemisia tabaci which is a cryptic species complex and could damage more than 600 plant species. in this study, among the 106,893 transcripts in the head assembly, 8 obps ... | 2017 | 28166541 |
| rna interference-mediated knockdown of the hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase gene decreases thiamethoxam resistance in adults of the whitefly bemisia tabaci. | bemisia tabaci has developed a high level of resistance to thiamethoxam, a second generation neonicotinoid insecticide that has been widely used to control this pest. in this study, we investigated whether hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase (hot) is involved in resistance to the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam in the whitefly. we cloned the full-length gene that encodes hot in b. tabaci. its cdna contains a 1428-bp open reading frame encoding 475 amino acid residues. then we evaluated t ... | 2017 | 28117358 |
| dynamics of bemisia tabaci biotypes and insecticide resistance in fujian province in china during 2005-2014. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is an important agricultural insect pest worldwide. the b and q biotypes are the two most predominant and devastating biotypes prevalent across china. however, there are few studies regarding the occurrence of the q biotype in fujian province, china, where high insecticide resistance has been reported in the b biotype. differences in some biological characteristics between the b and q biotypes, especially insecticide resistance, are considered to affect th ... | 2017 | 28112233 |
| a semipersistent plant virus differentially manipulates feeding behaviors of different sexes and biotypes of its whitefly vector. | it is known that plant viruses can change the performance of their vectors. however, there have been no reports on whether or how a semipersistent plant virus manipulates the feeding behaviors of its whitefly vectors. cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv) (genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae) is an emergent plant virus in many asian countries and is transmitted specifically by b and q biotypes of tobacco whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), in a semipersistent manner. in the present stud ... | 2017 | 28098749 |
| insecticide resistance status in the whitefly, bemisia tabaci genetic groups asia-i, asia-ii-1 and asia-ii-7 on the indian subcontinent. | the present study is a summary of the current level of the insecticide resistance to selected organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids in seven indian field populations of bemisia tabaci genetic groups asia-i, asia-ii-1, and asia-ii-7. susceptibility of these populations was varied with asia-ii-7 being the most susceptible, while asia-i and asia-ii-1 populations were showing significant resistance to these insecticides. the variability of the lc50 values was 7x for imidacloprid and thia ... | 2017 | 28098188 |
| qualitative and quantitative differences in herbivore-induced plant volatile blends from tomato plants infested by either tuta absoluta or bemisia tabaci. | plants release a variety of volatile organic compounds that play multiple roles in the interactions with other plants and animals. natural enemies of plant-feeding insects use these volatiles as cues to find their prey or host. here, we report differences between the volatile blends of tomato plants infested with the whitefly bemisia tabaci or the tomato borer tuta absoluta. we compared the volatile emission of: (1) clean tomato plants; (2) tomato plants infested with t. absoluta larvae; and (3) ... | 2017 | 28050733 |
| knock down of whitefly gut gene expression and mortality by orally delivered gut gene-specific dsrnas. | control of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (genn.) agricultural pest and plant virus vector relies on the use of chemical insecticides. rna-interference (rnai) is a homology-dependent innate immune response in eukaryotes, including insects, which results in degradation of the corresponding transcript following its recognition by a double-stranded rna (dsrna) that shares 100% sequence homology. in this study, six whitefly 'gut' genes were selected from an in silico-annotated transcriptome library con ... | 2017 | 28045942 |
| natal host plants can alter herbivore competition. | interspecific competition between herbivores is widely recognized as an important determinant of community structure. although researchers have identified a number of factors capable of altering competitive interactions, few studies have addressed the influence of neighboring plant species. if adaptation to/ epigenetic effects of an herbivore's natal host plant alter its performance on other host plants, then interspecific herbivore interactions may play out differently in heterogeneous and homo ... | 2016 | 28030636 |
| dispersal of amblyseius swirskii (acari: phytoseiidae) on high-tunnel bell peppers in presence or absence of polyphagotarsonemus latus (acari: tarsonemidae). | amblyseius swirskiiathias-henriot (acari: phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite used to control thrips (thysanoptera), whiteflies (bemisia tabaci genn., hemiptera: aleyrodidae), and broad mites (bms) (polyphagotarsonemus latus banks, acari: tarsonemidae). dispersal of a. swirskii, using the ornamental pepper "explosive ember" as a banker plant was evaluated for control of bms in high-tunnel peppers. open-canopy plants (5 weeks old) versus closed-canopy plants (10-weeks old) were used to evaluate the ... | 2017 | 28025305 |
| establishment of the cytoplasmic incompatibility-inducing wolbachia strain wmel in an important agricultural pest insect. | the wmel wolbachia strain was known for cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci)-induction and blocking the transmission of dengue. however, it is unknown whether it can establish and induce ci in a non-dipteran host insect. here we artificially transferred wmel from drosophila melanogaster into the whitefly bemisia tabaci. fluorescence in situ hybridisation demonstrated that wmel had successfully transfected the new host. reciprocal crossing was conducted with wmel-transfected and wild-type isofemale l ... | 2016 | 27982076 |
| elevated o3 increases volatile organic compounds via jasmonic acid pathway that promote the preference of parasitoid encarsia formosa for tomato plants. | the elevated atmospheric o3 level may change the interactions of plants and insects, which potentially affects direct and indirect plant defences. however, the underlying mechanism of the impact of elevated o3 on indirect plant defence, namely the efficacy of natural enemies, is unclear. here we tested a hypothesis that linked the effects of elevated o3 and whitefly herbivory on tomato volatile releases mediated by the jasmonic acid (ja) pathway with the preferences of parasitoid encarsia formos ... | 2016 | 27968993 |
| plantmediated horizontal transmission of wolbachia between whiteflies. | maternal transmission is the main transmission pathway of facultative bacterial endosymbionts, but phylogenetically distant insect hosts harbor closely related endosymbionts, suggesting that horizontal transmission occurs in nature. here we report the first case of plant-mediated horizontal transmission of wolbachia between infected and uninfected bemisia tabaci asiaii7 whiteflies. after infected whiteflies fed on cotton leaves, wolbachia was visualized, both in the phloem vessels and in some no ... | 2017 | 27935594 |
| glutathione s-transferases are involved in thiamethoxam resistance in the field whitefly bemisia tabaci q (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, has developed a high level of resistance to thiamethoxam, a second generation neonicotinoid insecticide that has been widely used to control this pest. in this study, we assessed the level of cross-resistance, the activities of detoxifying enzymes, and the expression profiles of 23 glutathione s-transferase (gst) genes in a thiamethoxam-resistant ant and -susceptible strain of bemisia tabaci q. the thiamethoxam-resistant strain showed a moderate level of cross-resis ... | 2016 | 27914542 |
| engineering dual begomovirus-bemisia tabaci resistance in plants. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci is an important pest of many economically important crops and the vector of begomoviruses (family geminiviridae). recently, the expression of insecticidal proteins and/or toxins or double-stranded (ds)rna homologous to b. tabaci genes has been demonstrated to provide the plant with protection against b. tabaci and the viruses that it transmits. | 2017 | 27890609 |
| does plant cultivar difference modify the bottom-up effects of resource limitation on plant-insect herbivore interactions? | variation in resource input to plants triggers bottom-up effects on plant-insect herbivore interactions. however, variation in plant intrinsic traits in response to resource availability may modify the bottom-up effects. furthermore, the consequences also may depend on the feeding strategy of insect herbivores belonging to different feeding guilds. we evaluated the performance of two insect herbivores from distinct feeding guilds, the leaf miner tuta absoluta and the phloem feeder bemisia tabaci ... | 2016 | 27889865 |
| life-history traits of macrolophus pygmaeus with different prey foods. | macrolophus pygmaeus rambur (hemiptera: miridae) is a generalist predatory mirid widely used in augmentative biological control of various insect pests in greenhouse tomato production in europe, including the invasive tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta (meyrick) (lepidoptera, gelechiidae). however, its biocontrol efficacy often relies on the presence of alternative prey. the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of various prey foods (ephestia kuehniella eggs, bemisia tabaci nymphs, tuta abs ... | 2016 | 27870857 |
| use of the synergist piperonyl butoxide can slow the development of alpha-cypermethrin resistance in the whitefly bemisia tabaci. | the development of insecticide resistance in insect pests of crops is a growing threat to sustainable food production, and strategies that slow the development of resistance are therefore urgently required. the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide (pbo) inhibits certain insect detoxification systems and so may delay the evolution of metabolic resistance. in the current study we characterized resistance development in the silverleaf whitefly, bemisia tabaci, after selection with either a neon ... | 2017 | 27869336 |
| global population structure of a worldwide pest and virus vector: genetic diversity and population history of the bemisia tabaci sibling species group. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci sibling species (sibsp.) group comprises morphologically indiscernible lineages of well-known exemplars referred to as biotypes. it is distributed throughout tropical and subtropical latitudes and includes the contemporary invasive haplotypes, termed b and q. several well-studied b. tabaci biotypes exhibit ecological and biological diversity, however, most members are poorly studied or completely uncharacterized. genetic studies have revealed substantial diversity wit ... | 2016 | 27855173 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of aleurocanthus camelliae: insights into gene arrangement and genome organization within the family aleyrodidae. | there are numerous gene rearrangements and transfer rna gene absences existing in mitochondrial (mt) genomes of aleyrodidae species. to understand how mt genomes evolved in the family aleyrodidae, we have sequenced the complete mt genome of aleurocanthus camelliae and comparatively analyzed all reported whitefly mt genomes. the mt genome of a. camelliae is 15,188 bp long, and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, two rrna genes, 21 trna genes and a putative control region (genbank: ku761949). the ... | 2016 | 27827992 |
| direct evidence for the semipersistent transmission of cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus by a whitefly vector. | cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv) (genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae) is an emerging plant virus, and is now spreading and causing severe economic losses to cucurbit crops in many asian countries. ccyv is believed to be transmitted specifically by the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, in a semipersistent manner. in the present study, we provide direct evidence for the semipersistent transmission of ccyv by mediterranean (med) cryptic species of b. tabaci complex. we investigated ... | 2016 | 27812032 |
| susceptibility of bemisia tabaci meam1 (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) to imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran and flupyradifurone in south florida. | populations of bemisa tabaci meam1 were established from nineteen locations in south florida, primarily from commercial tomato fields, and were tested using a cotton leaf petiole systemic uptake method for susceptibility to the nicotinic acetylcholine agonist insecticides imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran and flupyradifurone. eleven populations produced lc50s for one or more chemicals that were not significantly different from the susceptible laboratory colony based on overlapping fiducial ... | 2016 | 27775597 |
| effects of three insect growth regulators on encarsia formosa (hymenoptera: aphelinidae), an endoparasitoid of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | insect growth regulators (igrs) disrupt the normal activity of the endocrine or hormone system of insects, affecting the development, reproduction, or metamorphosis of the target insects, and normally causing less detrimental effects to beneficial insects. the effects of three igrs (pyriproxyfen, fenoxycarb, and buprofezin) on encarsia formosa gahan, an endoparasitoid of whiteflies, were determined using b. tabaci as a host. we assessed the effects of the igrs on parasitoid's larval development, ... | 2016 | 27744284 |
| differing behavioural responses of bemisia tabaci meam1 and med to cabbage damaged by conspecifics and heterospecifics. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci is a serious pest with an extensive host range. previous research has shown that b. tabaci is a species complex with many cryptic species or biotypes and that the two most important species are meam1 (middle east-minor asia 1) and med (mediterranean genetic group). meam1 and med are known to differ in their preference for cabbage, brassica oleracea, as a host plant, however, the mechanism underlying this preference is unknown. in the current study, a host choice exper ... | 2016 | 27731417 |
| performance of bemisia tabaci biotype b on soybean genotypes. | bemisia tabaci (genn.) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) has been recognized as an important pest of many agricultural systems including soybean [glycine max (l.) merrill] crops. as an alternative to chemical control, the use of resistant genotypes represents an important tool for integrated pest management (ipm). this study aimed to evaluate the biological development of bemisia tabaci biotype b confined on 13 soybean genotypes under greenhouse conditions. initially, the nymphal period, complete develop ... | 2017 | 27653045 |
| wolbachia has two different localization patterns in whitefly bemisia tabaci asiaii7 species. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci is a cosmopolitan insect species complex that harbors the obligate primary symbiont portiera aleyrodidarum and several facultative secondary symbionts including wolbachia, which have diverse influences on the host biology. here, for the first time, we revealed two different localization patterns of wolbachia present in the immature and adult stages of b. tabaci asiaii7 cryptic species. in the confined pattern, wolbachia was restricted to the bacteriocytes, while in th ... | 2016 | 27611575 |
| expression of an insecticidal fern protein in cotton protects against whitefly. | whitefly (bemisia tabaci) damages field crops by sucking sap and transmitting viral diseases. none of the insecticidal proteins used in genetically modified (gm) crop plants to date are effective against whitefly. we report the identification of a protein (tma12) from an edible fern, tectaria macrodonta (fee) c. chr., that is insecticidal to whitefly (median lethal concentration = 1.49 μg/ml in in vitro feeding assays) and interferes with its life cycle at sublethal doses. transgenic cotton line ... | 2016 | 27598229 |
| herbivore damage and prior egg deposition on host plants influence the oviposition of the generalist moth trichoplusia ni (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | female insects have the difficult task of locating host plants that maximize the survival and success of their offspring. in this study, the oviposition preferences of the cabbage looper moth, trichoplusia ni (hübner), for soybean plants, glycine max (l.), under various treatments-undamaged, mechanically damaged, damaged by t. ni or spodoptera frugiperda (smith) larvae or by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) adults, egg-free plants, and plants previously oviposited by conspecific or heterospecific fema ... | 2016 | 27591288 |
| status of resistance of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) to neonicotinoids in iran and detoxification by cytochrome p450-dependent monooxygenases. | nine bemisia tabaci (gennadius) populations were collected from different regions of iran. in all nine populations, only one biotype (b biotype) was detected. susceptibilities of these populations to imidacloprid and acetamiprid were assayed. the lethal concentration 50 values (lc50) for different populations showed a significant discrepancy in the susceptibility of b. tabaci to imidacloprid (3.76 to 772.06 mg l(-1)) and acetamiprid (4.96 to 865 mg l(-1)). the resistance ratio of the populations ... | 2017 | 27590026 |
| do nymphs and adults of three neotropical zoophytophagous mirids damage leaves and fruits of tomato? | the predators macrolophus basicornis (stal), engytatus varians (distant) and campyloneuropsis infumatus (carvalho) consume large numbers of tomato pests such as bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and tuta absoluta (meyrick). however, they are zoophytophagous and feed on plant parts as well. we evaluated the type and effect of injury caused by nymphs and adults of these mirids on tomato seedlings and fruit in the absence of prey. for each mirid species, seedlings were exposed to groups of 20 nymphs or ad ... | 2017 | 27573581 |
| projecting pest population dynamics under global warming: the combined effect of inter- and intra-annual variations. | the typical short generation length of insects makes their population dynamics highly sensitive not only to mean annual temperatures but also to their intra-annual variations. to consider the combined effect of both thermal factors under global warming, we propose a modeling framework that links general circulation models (gcms) with a stochastic weather generator and population dynamics models to predict species population responses to inter- and intra-annual temperature changes. this framework ... | 2016 | 27509758 |
| molecular and functional characterization of bemisia tabaci aquaporins reveals the water channel diversity of hemipteran insects. | the middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is an economically important pest of food, fiber, and ornamental crops. this pest has evolved a number of adaptations to overcome physiological challenges, including 1) the ability to regulate osmotic stress between gut lumen and hemolymph after imbibing large quantities of a low nitrogen, sugar-rich liquid diet; 2) the ability to avoid or prevent dehydration and desiccation, particularly during egg hatching and molting; a ... | 2016 | 27491441 |
| stage-related defense response induction in tomato plants by nesidiocoris tenuis. | the beneficial effects of direct predation by zoophytophagous biological control agents (bcas), such as the mirid bug nesidiocoris tenuis, are well-known. however, the benefits of zoophytophagous bcas' relation with host plants, via induction of plant defensive responses, have not been investigated until recently. to date, only the females of certain zoophytophagous bcas have been demonstrated to induce defensive plant responses in tomato plants. the aim of this work was to determine whether nym ... | 2016 | 27472328 |
| pro-insecticidal approach towards increasing in planta activity. | the adrenergic mode of action was investigated for the development of potential new insecticides. clonidine-related analogs were tested against myzus persicae (sulzer) and bemisia tabaci (gennadius). clonidine analogs lack translation owing to a possible vacuole-trapping mechanism. physical property modulation via a prodrug approach was attempted to overcome this mechanism. | 2017 | 27414472 |
| insecticidal activity of novel thioureas and isothioureas. | we hypothesized that the exploration of chemical space around compounds with reported insecticidal activity could be a viable strategy for discovering novel, insecticidally active areas of chemistry. | 2017 | 27391046 |
| two new species of eretmocerus haldeman (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) parasitizing aleurolobus rhododendri takahashi and dialeuropora decempunctata (quaintance & baker) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) from taiwan. | species of eretmocerus haldeman develop as primary ecto-endoparasites of whiteflies (rose and rosen 1992). currently, the genus eretmocerus comprises 86 species worldwide, of which 11 species have been previously recorded from taiwan (shih et al. 2015). despite having been recently revised for taiwan, two new species are here added to the taiwan fauna. | 2016 | 27346951 |
| mixed release of two parasitoids and a polyphagous ladybird as a potential strategy to control the tobacco whitefly bemisia tabaci. | a mixed species release of parasitoids is used to suppress outbreaks of tobacco whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae); however, this biocontrol may be inhibited by interspecific interactions. we investigated the effects of mixed releases of natural enemies of b. tabaci on predation rates, parasite performance and adult parasitoid emergence under greenhouse conditions. we tested the polyphagous predatory ladybird harmonia axyridis (coleoptera: coccinellidae) and two whitefly-specific ... | 2016 | 27312174 |
| development of an antibody-based diagnostic method for the identification of bemisia tabaci biotype b. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci is a very destructive pest. b. tabaci is composed of various morphologically undistinguishable biotypes, among which biotypes b and q, in particular, draw attention because of their wide distribution in korea and differential potentials for insecticide resistance development. to develop a biotype-specific protein marker that can readily distinguishes biotypes b from other biotypes in the field, we established an elisa protocol based on carboxylesterase 2 (coe2), which ... | 2016 | 27265822 |
| evaluation of bioinsecticides for management of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) and the effect on the whitefly predator delphastus catalinae (coleoptera: coccinellidae) in organic squash. | organic zucchini squash is a high-value vegetable crop in florida and potential exists to expand its production throughout the state. a lack of knowledge on the effectiveness of organic products and their integration with natural enemies is an important constraint to the regulation of pest populations in organic squash production in florida. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of insecticides labeled for organic production that can be used for management of bemisia tabaci (g ... | 2016 | 27247302 |
| acyl sugars and whitefly (bemisia tabaci) resistance in segregating populations of tomato genotypes. | the wild tomato, solanum pennellii, is an important source of resistance genes against tomato pests. this resistance is due to the presence of acyl sugars (as), which are allelochemicals that have negative effects on arthropod pests. there are no commercially available tomato cultivars that exhibit significant levels of resistance to arthropod pests. therefore, this study evaluated resistance to whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in f2 and f2rc1 tomato genotypes with high as levels from a cross between s ... | 2016 | 27173206 |
| insect stings to change gear for healthy plant: improving maize drought tolerance by whitefly infestation. | since plants first appeared about 1.1 billion years ago, they have been faced with biotic and abiotic stresses in their environment. to overcome these stresses, plants developed defense strategies. accumulating evidence suggests that the whitefly [bemisia tabaci (genn.)] affects the regulation of plant defenses and physiology. a recent study demonstrates that aboveground whitefly infestation positively modulates root biomass and anthocyanin pigmentation on brace roots of maize plants (zea mays l ... | 2016 | 27164447 |
| phylogeographical structure in mitochondrial dna of whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) in southern india and southeast asia. | south and southeast asia endure high vegetable production losses due to begomovirus diseases mainly transmitted by the insect vector, whitefly (bemisia tabaci). control over the spread of virus infection can be achieved through a better understanding of genetic diversity among b. tabaci. a total of 64 populations of b. tabaci collected from tamil nadu (india), vietnam, thailand, and indonesia were investigated based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i (coxi) sequences. populations from tamil ... | 2016 | 27159720 |
| molecular characterization of vitellogenin and vitellogenin receptor of bemisia tabaci. | vitellogenin (vg) plays vital role in oocytes and embryo development in insects. vg is synthesized in the fat body, moves through haemolymph and accumulates in oocytes. vitellogenin receptors (vgr) present on the surface of oocytes, are responsible for vg transportation from haemolymph to oocytes. here, we cloned and characterized these genes from bemisia tabaci asia1 (bta1) species. the cloned bta1vg and bta1vgr genes consisted of 6,330 and 5,430 bp long open reading frames, which encoded 2,109 ... | 2016 | 27159161 |
| no cross-resistance between imidacloprid and pymetrozine in the brown planthopper: status and mechanisms. | cross-resistance between insecticides, especially from different groups, can be extremely unpredictable, and it has been a serious concern in pest control. pymetrozine has been widely used to control nilaparvata lugens with the suspension of imidacloprid for the resistance, and n. lugens has showed obvious pymetrozine resistance in recent years. to investigate the possible cross-resistance between imidacloprid and pymetrozine is very important to avoid the adverse effects on resistance developme ... | 2016 | 27155488 |
| the suitability of biotypes q and b of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) at different nymphal instars as hosts for encarsia formosa gahan (hymenoptera: aphelinidae). | encarsia formosa gahan (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) is a solitary endoparasitoid that is commercially reared and released for augmentative biological control of whiteflies infesting greenhouse crops. in most areas in china, the invasive and destructive whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotype q has replaced b. tabaci biotype b and has become dominant between the two. a better understanding of the suitability of different nymphal instars of b. tabaci biotypes q and b as ... | 2016 | 27114862 |
| rna interference based approach to down regulate osmoregulators of whitefly (bemisia tabaci): potential technology for the control of whitefly. | over the past decade rna interference (rnai) technology has emerged as a successful tool not only for functional genomics, but in planta expression of short interfering rnas (sirnas) that could offer great potential for insect pest management. the diet of insects feeding exclusively on phloem sieves contains water and sugars as main components, and the uptake of the liquid food greatly depends on the osmotic pressure within the insect body. based on this physiological mechanism, transgenic plant ... | 2016 | 27105353 |
| leaf morphological characters can be a factor for intra-varietal preference of whitefly bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) among eggplant varieties. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) meam1, is considered a serious pest of horticultural and many other crops. while eggplant (solanum melongena) is one of the most favored host plants, the whiteflies exhibit preferences among different varieties. we hypothesized that certain morphological leaf characteristics of different varieties, like leaf trichome density, trichome length, leaf lamina thickness and leaf color, may affect whitefly landing, feeding and ovipositio ... | 2016 | 27081849 |
| differential tolerance capacity to unfavourable low and high temperatures between two invasive whiteflies. | thermal response and tolerance to ambient temperature play important roles in determining the geographic distribution and seasonal abundance of insects. we examined the survival and performance, as well as expression of three heat shock protein related genes, of two species of invasive whiteflies, middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) and mediterranean (med), of the bemisia tabaci species complex following exposure to a range of low and high temperatures. our data demonstrated that the med species wa ... | 2016 | 27080927 |
| differential and synergistic functionality of acylsugars in suppressing oviposition by insect herbivores. | acylsugars are secondary metabolites exuded from type iv glandular trichomes that provide broad-spectrum insect suppression for solanum pennellii correll, a wild relative of cultivated tomato. acylsugars produced by different s. pennellii accessions vary by sugar moieties (glucose or sucrose) and fatty acid side chains (lengths and branching patterns). our objective was to determine which acylsugar compositions more effectively suppressed oviposition of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (m ... | 2016 | 27065236 |
| whiteflies stabilize their take-off with closed wings. | the transition from ground to air in flying animals is often assisted by the legs pushing against the ground as the wings start to flap. here, we show that when tiny whiteflies (bemisia tabaci, body length ca. 1 mm) perform take-off jumps with closed wings, the abrupt push against the ground sends the insect into the air rotating forward in the sagittal (pitch) plane. however, in the air, b. tabaci can recover from this rotation remarkably fast (less than 11 ms), even before spreading its wings ... | 2016 | 27045098 |
| complete nucleotide sequences of a new bipartite begomovirus from malvastrum sp. plants with bright yellow mosaic symptoms in south texas. | two isolates of a novel bipartite begomovirus, tentatively named malvastrum bright yellow mosaic virus (mabymv), were molecularly characterized from naturally infected plants of the genus malvastrum showing bright yellow mosaic disease symptoms in south texas. six complete dna-a and five dna-b genome sequences of mabymv obtained from the isolates ranged in length from 2,608 to 2,609 nucleotides (nt) and 2,578 to 2,605 nt, respectively. both genome segments shared a 178- to 180-nt common region. ... | 2016 | 27016928 |
| further insight into reproductive incompatibility between putative cryptic species of the bemisia tabaci whitefly complex. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), with its global distribution and extensive genetic diversity, is now known to be a complex of over 35 cryptic species. however, a satisfactory resolution of the systematics of this species complex is yet to be achieved. here, we designed experiments to examine reproductive compatibility among species with different levels of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase i (mtcoi) divergence. the data show that putative species with mtcoi diver ... | 2016 | 27001484 |
| role of the insect supervectors bemisia tabaci and frankliniella occidentalis in the emergence and global spread of plant viruses. | emergence of insect-transmitted plant viruses over the past 10-20 years has been disproportionately driven by two so-called supervectors: the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, and the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. high rates of reproduction and dispersal, extreme polyphagy, and development of insecticide resistance, together with human activities, have made these insects global pests. these supervectors transmit a diversity of plant viruses by different mechanisms and mediate virus ... | 2015 | 26958907 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals a comprehensive insect resistance response mechanism in cotton to infestation by the phloem feeding insect bemisia tabaci (whitefly). | the whitefly (bemisia tabaci) causes tremendous damage to cotton production worldwide. however, very limited information is available about how plants perceive and defend themselves from this destructive pest. in this study, the transcriptomic differences between two cotton cultivars that exhibit either strong resistance (hr) or sensitivity (zs) to whitefly were compared at different time points (0, 12, 24 and 48 h after infection) using rna-seq. approximately one billion paired-end reads were o ... | 2016 | 26923339 |
| reproduction of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) b biotype in maize fields (zea mays l.) in brazil. | bemisia tabaci (genn.) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) was observed to have completed its reproductive cycle from the egg to the adult on maize (zea mays l.). field and screenhouse studies were carried out to investigate the durability of this putative and unprecedented adaptation to a grass host. | 2016 | 26910287 |
| oogenesis in the bemisia tabaci meam1 species complex. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci meam1 species complex has invaded several parts of the world in the past 30 years and replaced native whitefly populations in the invaded regions, including certain areas of china. one of the possible reasons for the invasion is that meam1 whiteflies are more fecund than native species. however, the factors that affect the reproduction of the b. tabaci cryptic species are not clearly known. the regulation of oogenesis is thought to be one of the essential processes fo ... | 2016 | 26826802 |
| computational insights into the different resistance mechanism of imidacloprid versus dinotefuran in bemisia tabaci. | insecticide resistance is a critical problem for pest control and management. for bemisia tabaci, striking high metabolic resistance (generally conferred by cyp6cm1) was observed for imidacloprid (imi) and most other neonicotinoid members. however, dinotefuran (din) displayed very low resistance factors, which indicated distinct metabolic properties. here, molecular modeling methods were applied to explore the different resistance features of imi versus din within the q type of cyp6cm1. it was f ... | 2016 | 26817991 |
| molecular cloning of the sex-related gene psi in bemisia tabaci and its alternative splicing properties. | the p-element somatic inhibitor (psi) is gene known to regulate the transcription of doublesex (dsx) when transformer (tra) is absent in bombyx mori. in this study, we identified and characterized a psi homolog in bemisia tabaci (btpsi). btpsi cdna had a total length of 5700 bp and contained a predicted open reading frame (orf) of 2208 nucleotides encoding for 735 amino acids. multiple sequence alignments of the common regions of psi proteins from b. tabaci and five other insect species revealed ... | 2016 | 26773355 |
| rna1-independent replication and gfp expression from tomato marchitez virus isolate m cloned cdna. | tomato marchitez virus (tomarv; synonymous with tomato apex necrosis virus) is a positive-strand rna virus in the genus torradovirus within the family secoviridae. tomarv is an emergent whitefly-transmitted virus that causes important diseases in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) in mexico. here, the genome sequence of the tomarv isolate m (tomarv-m) was determined. we engineered full-length cdna clones of the tomarv-m genomic rna (rna1 and rna2), separately, into a binary vector. coinfiltration of ... | 2016 | 26756828 |
| lethal and inhibitory activities of plant-derived essential oils against bemisia tabaci gennadius (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b in tomato. | the silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is one of the most severe tomato pests in the world. the damage caused by this insect may compromise up to 100% of crop production, and management of this pest has relied on spraying of synthetic insecticides. however, due to the environmental issues associated with this practice, alternative methods such as the use of botanical pesticides are now used as a strategy of integrated pest management (ipm). we evaluated ... | 2016 | 26712319 |
| use of lablab (lablab purpureus (l.) sweet) for bio-control by native arthropods and its effect on yield of pumpkins. | silverleaf whitefly (slw, bemisia tabaci meam1) and aphids are sap-sucking insects, which pose a serious threat to australian cucurbit crops and the horticulture industry. traditional chemical control for these insect pests is becoming less effective, and there is a need to search for alternative or supplementary methods. this study aimed to manipulate the habitat of pumpkin crops in a tropical setting (queensland, australia), by growing pumpkins (var. japanese pumpkin) alone and between lablab ... | 2016 | 26693799 |
| proteome analysis of bemisia tabaci suggests specific targets for rnai mediated control. | rna interference offers effective control of several economically important insect pests. bemisia tabaci is an important field crop pest, which causes significant yield loss worldwide. in our earlier study, we have demonstrated successful control of b. tabaci through transgenic plant mediated rnai. however, selection of target genes without off-target effect(s) has been major concern so far and therefore, a critical exploration for b. tabaci specific targets is frantically required. in this stud ... | 2016 | 26646750 |
| aboveground whitefly infestation modulates transcriptional levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis and jasmonic acid signaling-related genes and augments the cope with drought stress of maize. | up to now, the potential underlying molecular mechanisms by which maize (zea mays l.) plants elicit defense responses by infestation with a phloem feeding insect whitefly [bemisia tabaci (genn.)] have been barely elucidated against (a)biotic stresses. to fill this gap of current knowledge maize plants were infested with whitefly and these plants were subsequently assessed the levels of water loss. to understand the mode of action, plant hormone contents and the stress-related mrna expression wer ... | 2015 | 26630288 |
| quantitative resistance against bemisia tabaci in solanum pennellii: genetics and metabolomics. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous insect. many accessions of the tomato wild relative solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards b. tabaci. a mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whitefly-resistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. minor quantitative trait loci (qtls) for whitefly adult survival (as) a ... | 2016 | 26576823 |
| control of the tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta (lepidoptera: gelechiidae), in open-field tomatoes by indigenous natural enemies occurring in israel. | the tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta (meyrick), had established in israel by 2010, attacking both open-field tomatoes and greenhouse crops.we searched for its natural enemies in open-field tomatoes, and tried to determine their potential for controlling this pest. we surveyed the local natural enemies in open tomato fields and measured their impact on pest populations in an unsprayed field. we assessed the suppressive ability of the dominant hemipteran predator, nesidiocoris tenuis reuter, agains ... | 2016 | 26567332 |
| vector-enabled metagenomic (vem) surveys using whiteflies (aleyrodidae) reveal novel begomovirus species in the new and old worlds. | whitefly-transmitted viruses belonging to the genus begomovirus (family geminiviridae) represent a substantial threat to agricultural food production. the rapid evolutionary potential of these single-stranded dna viruses combined with the polyphagous feeding behavior of their whitefly vector (bemisia tabaci) can lead to the emergence of damaging viral strains. therefore, it is crucial to characterize begomoviruses circulating in different regions and crops globally. this study utilized vector-en ... | 2015 | 26516898 |
| sequence variation of bemisia tabaci chemosensory protein 2 in cryptic species b and q: new dna markers for whitefly recognition. | bemisia tabaci gennadius biotypes b and q are two of the most important worldwide agricultural insect pests. genomic sequences of type-2 b. tabaci chemosensory protein (btabcsp2) were cloned and sequenced in b and q biotypes, revealing key biotype-specific variations in the intron sequence. a q260 sequence was found specifically in q-btabcsp2 and cucumis melo ln692399, suggesting ancestral horizontal transfer of gene between the insect and the plant through bacteria. a cleaved amplified polymorp ... | 2016 | 26481237 |
| behavioral response of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) to 20 plant extracts. | in the mediterranean region, the use of small-mesh netting to protect horticultural crops is an effective sustainable tool against pests. but in tropical regions, because of high humidity under the net favoring fungal development, netting with a larger mesh size has to be used, protecting crops against lepidopteran pests but not against small pests such as hemipterans, thrips, and phytophagous mites. a combination of netting with a repellent or irritant product is one possible solution, but the ... | 2015 | 26470332 |
| three members of the bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) cryptic species complex occur sympatrically in argentine horticultural crops. | the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), is a cryptic species complex that attacks >600 different species of plants and transmits several plant viruses causing severe economic losses. until 2010, the b. tabaci complex comprised 24 distinct putative species. recently, at least 15 new species have been reported. the objective of this study was to identify b. tabaci species present in bean, melon, and tomato crops in argentina by applying phylogenetic analyses and pairwise comparison of genetic di ... | 2015 | 26470151 |
| effects of host sex, plant species, and putative host species on the prevalence of wolbachia in natural populations of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae): a modified nested pcr study. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is a globally distributed pest. one of the key endosymbionts in b. tabaci is wolbachia, an α-proteobacterium implicated in many important biological processes. previous studies indicated that the infection frequency of wolbachia in middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) and mediterranean (med) varied greatly among populations in different areas. however, little is known about the factors that influence the prevalence of wolbachia in b. tabaci. in thi ... | 2015 | 26470122 |
| potential of five brazilian populations of phytoseiidae (acari) for the biological control of bemisia tabaci (insecta: hemiptera). | biotype b of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), causes considerable losses to growers worldwide. phytoseiid mites have been successfully used for the control of this pest in several countries. the brazilian phytoseiid fauna is very diverse and potentially useful for this purpose. the aim of this study was to evaluate five brazilian populations of phytoseiids as candidates for the control of the whitefly, a serious pest of different crops worldwide. evaluated speci ... | 2015 | 26470100 |
| electrostatic insect sweeper for eliminating whiteflies colonizing host plants: a complementary pest control device in an electric field screen-guarded greenhouse. | our greenhouse tomatoes have suffered from attacks by viruliferous whiteflies bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) over the last 10 years. the fundamental countermeasure was the application of an electric field screen to the greenhouse windows to prevent their entry. however, while the protection was effective, it was incomplete, because of the lack of a guard at the greenhouse entrance area; in fact, the pests entered from the entrance door when workers entered and exited. to add ... | 2015 | 26463195 |
| the importance of maintaining protected zone status against bemisia tabaci. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is a major pest of economically important crops worldwide. both the united kingdom (uk) and finland hold protected zone status against this invasive pest. as a result b. tabaci entering these countries on plants and plant produce is subjected to a policy of eradication. the impact of b. tabaci entering, and becoming established, is that it is an effective vector of many plant viruses that are not currently found in the ... | 2015 | 26463194 |
| are mummies and adults of eretmocerus mundus (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) compatible with modern insecticides? | the parasitic wasp eretmocerus mundus (mercet) is an important natural enemy of the widespread key pest bemisia tabaci (gennadius). the toxicity of 11 modern insecticides applied at their maximum field recommended rate in spain was tested in two life stages of e. mundus: adults and mummies. laboratory and persistence tests were conducted and effects assessed not only in terms of mortality but on reproductive performance as well. some insecticides caused the same effect to both life stages: flube ... | 2015 | 26453715 |
| prey preference and life table of amblyseius orientalis on bemisia tabaci and tetranychus cinnabarinus. | amblyseius orientalis (ehara) (acari: phytoseiidae) is a native predatory mite species in china. it used to be considered as a specialist predator of spider mites. however, recent studies show it also preys on other small arthropod pests, such as bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). experiments were conducted to investigate (1) prey preference of a. orientalis between tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisd.) (acari: tetranychidae) and b. tabaci, and (2) development, consumption and life ... | 2015 | 26436422 |
| transgenic cotton-fed bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) affects the parasitoid encarsia desantisi viggiani (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) development. | cotton cultivars expressing cry proteins are widely used to control lepidopteran pests. the effects of transgenic plants containing insecticidal cry proteins on non-target species must be comprehended for a better and rational use of this technology for pest management. we investigated the influence of the bt cotton cultivars nuopal and fm 975 on biological parameters of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), a non-target pest of bt cotton cultivars and on its parasitoid encarsia d ... | 2016 | 26431703 |
| temporal changes of symbiont density and host fitness after rifampicin treatment in a whitefly of the bemisia tabaci species complex. | microbial symbionts are essential or important partners to phloem-feeding insects. antibiotics have been used to selectively eliminate symbionts from their host insects and establish host lines with or without certain symbionts for investigating functions of the symbionts. in this study, using the antibiotic rifampicin we attempted to selectively eliminate certain symbionts from a population of the middle east-asia minor 1 whitefly of the bemisia tabaci species complex, which harbors the primary ... | 2016 | 26412633 |
| preference of bemisia tabaci biotype b on zucchini squash and buckwheat and the effect of delphastus catalinae on whitefly populations. | zucchini squash, cucurbita pepo l., is an important vegetable crop in florida. physiological disorders and insect-transmitted diseases are major problems for squash growers in semi-tropical regions around the world. bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b is a significant whitefly pest and is largely responsible for transmitting viruses and causing physiological disorders in squash. several studies have shown that whitefly populations are reduced when crops are interplanted with non-host cover crop ... | 2016 | 26388111 |
| potential of two populations of amblyseius swirskii (acari: phytoseiidae) for the control of bemisia tabaci biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) in brazil. | predatory mites of the family phytoseiidae are commercialized in european and north american countries for the control of whiteflies (insecta: aleyrodidae). amblyseius swirskii athias-henriot (acari: phytoseiidae) is one of the predators used for that purpose. this predator is not found in brazil and in many other countries, but its introduction could promote biological control of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b (silverleaf whitefly) in those countries. the aim of this study was to compare ... | 2015 | 26387112 |
| feeding of whitefly on tobacco decreases aphid performance via increased salicylate signaling. | the feeding of bemisia tabaci nymphs trigger the sa pathway in some plant species. a previous study showed that b. tabaci nymphs induced defense against aphids (myzus persicae) in tobacco. however, the mechanism underlying this defense response is not well understood. | 2015 | 26381273 |
| conditional fitness benefits of the rickettsia bacterial symbiont in an insect pest. | inherited bacterial symbionts are common in arthropods and can have strong effects on the biology of their hosts. these effects are often mediated by host ecology. the rickettsia symbiont can provide strong fitness benefits to its insect host, bemisia tabaci, under laboratory and field conditions. however, the frequency of the symbiont is heterogeneous among field collection sites across the usa, suggesting that the benefits of the symbiont are contingent on additional factors. in two whitefly g ... | 2016 | 26376661 |
| [the effects of transgenic cry1ac+cry2ab cotton on cotton bollworm control and functional response of predators on whitefly]. | in this study, we detected and clarified the roles of transgenic cry1ac+cry2ab cotton "639020" in controlling cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) during critical periods of bud stage (second generation of bollworm), flowering stage (third generation of bollworm) and bolling stage (fourth generation of bollworm) as well as the influences of 639020 cotton on functional response of the main predators (chrysopa sinica larvae, propylaea japonica, orius and erigonidium graminicola ) on whitefly usi ... | 2015 | 26351054 |
| aphid-induced defences in chilli affect preferences of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the sweetpotato whitefly (wf), bemisia tabaci, is a major pest that damages a wide range of vegetable crops in malaysia. wf infestation is influenced by a variety of factors, including previous infestation of the host plant by other insect pests. this study investigated the effects of previous infestation of host chilli plants by the green peach aphid (myzus persicae) on the olfactory behavioural response of b. tabaci, using free-choice bioassay with a y-tube olfactometer. we analysed volatile o ... | 2015 | 26334135 |
| distribution of bemisia tabaci genetic groups in india. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is a phloem-feeding, economically important pest of crops worldwide. in addition to direct damage, it also vectors a number of plant viruses belonging to the family geminiviridae. its populations differ biologically with respect to insecticide resistance, virus transmission and host range. therefore, understanding genetic variation among populations is important for management. we sequenced 850 bp of the mitochondrial coi (mtcoi) g ... | 2015 | 26314072 |
| generating within-plant spatial distributions of an insect herbivore based on aggregation patterns and per-node infestation probabilities. | most predator-prey models extrapolate functional responses from small-scale experiments assuming spatially uniform within-plant predator-prey interactions. however, some predators focus their search in certain plant regions, and herbivores tend to select leaves to balance their nutrient uptake and exposure to plant defenses. individual-based models that account for heterogeneous within-plant predator-prey interactions can be used to scale-up functional responses, but they would require the gener ... | 2015 | 26313173 |
| infection of bacterial endosymbionts in insects: a comparative study of two techniques viz pcr and fish for detection and localization of symbionts in whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | bacterial endosymbionts have been associated with arthropods and large number of the insect species show interaction with such bacteria. different approaches have been used to understand such symbiont- host interactions. the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, a highly invasive agricultural pest, harbors as many as seven different bacterial endosymbionts. these bacterial endosymbionts are known to provide various nutritional, physiological, environmental and evolutionary benefits to its insect host. in th ... | 2015 | 26287997 |
| differential expression patterns among heat-shock protein genes and thermal responses in the whitefly bemisia tabaci (meam 1). | there is convincing evidence that heat-shock proteins (hsp) are upregulated by stress conditions in insects; however, the relative contribution of each hsp gene to the heat-shock response remains unclear. here we considered the whitefly bemisia tabaci (meam 1), a phloem feeder and invasive species whose molecular stress response is an important mechanism for overcoming heat stress. we assessed the expression of the hsp23, 40, 70 and 90 genes at the mrna level when submitted to heat shocks of 40 ... | 2015 | 26267515 |
| persistent, circulative transmission of begomoviruses by whitefly vectors. | begomoviruses comprise an emerging and economically important group of plant viruses exclusively transmitted by the sweetpotato whitefly bemisia tabaci in many regions of the world. the past twenty years have witnessed significant progress in studying the molecular interactions between members of this virus group and b. tabaci. mechanisms and proteins encoded by the insect vector and its bacterial symbionts, which have been shown to be important for virus transmission, have been identified and t ... | 2015 | 26196230 |
| flupyradifurone (sivanto™) and its novel butenolide pharmacophore: structural considerations. | flupyradifurone (4-[(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]-2(5h)-furanone), a member of the new class of butenolide insecticides, contains a novel bioactive scaffold as pharmacophore. it is very versatile in terms of application methods to a variety of crops, exhibits excellent and fast action against a broad spectrum of sucking pest insects including selected neonicotinoid resistant pest populations such as whiteflies and aphids expressing metabolic resistance mechanisms. as a partial agonist flupyradifuron ... | 2015 | 26047109 |
| development of a lateral flow test to detect metabolic resistance in bemisia tabaci mediated by cyp6cm1, a cytochrome p450 with broad spectrum catalytic efficiency. | cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (genn.) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) is a major sucking pest in many agricultural and horticultural cropping systems globally. the frequent use of insecticides of different mode of action classes resulted in populations resisting treatments used to keep numbers under economic damage thresholds. recently it was shown that resistance to neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid is linked to the over-expression of cyp6cm1, a cytochrome p450 monooxygenase detoxifying imidaclopr ... | 2015 | 26047106 |
| transcriptional responses of invasive and indigenous whiteflies to different host plants reveal their disparate capacity of adaptation. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci contains more than 35 cryptic species. the higher adaptability of middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) cryptic species has been recognized as one important factor for its invasion and displacement of other indigenous species worldwide. here we compared the performance of the invasive meam1 and the indigenous asia ii 3 whitefly species following host plant transfer from a suitable host (cotton) to an unsuitable host (tobacco) and analyzed their transcriptional responses. a ... | 2015 | 26041313 |
| salicylic acid is required for mi-1-mediated resistance of tomato to whitefly bemisia tabaci, but not for basal defense to this insect pest. | plant defense to pests or pathogens involves global changes in gene expression mediated by multiple signaling pathways. a role for the salicylic acid (sa) signaling pathway in mi-1-mediated resistance of tomato (solanum lycopersicum) to aphids was previously identified and its implication in the resistance to root-knot nematodes is controversial, but the importance of sa in basal and mi-1-mediated resistance of tomato to whitefly bemisia tabaci had not been determined. sa levels were measured be ... | 2015 | 26032615 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of endosymbiotic bacteria infecting cassava whiteflies in africa. | cassava provides over half of the dietary requirement for more than 200 million poor in africa. in recent years, cassava has been affected by an epidemic of a virus disease called cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) that is spreading in much of eastern and central africa, affecting food security and the economic development of the poor. the viruses that cause cbsd are transmitted by the insect vector whitefly (bemisia tabaci), which have increased to very high numbers in some african countries. ... | 2015 | 25933928 |
| detection of cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus from bemisia tabaci captured on sticky traps using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) and simple template preparation. | cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv) of the genus crinivirus within the family closteroviridae is an emerging infectious agent of cucurbits leading to severe disease and significant economic losses. effective detection and identification methods for this virus are urgently required. in this study, a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed to detect ccyv from its vector bemisia tabaci. lamp primer sets to detect ccyv were evaluated for their s ... | 2015 | 25912723 |
| comparison of the antennal sensilla ultrastructure of two cryptic species in bemisia tabaci. | bemisia tabaci is an important agricultural pest with worldwide distribution and host preference. therefore, understanding the biology of this pest is important to devise specific pest control strategies. the antennae of herbivorous insects play an important role in the identification of hosts using plant volatiles. to understand the features of antennae in b. tabaci meam 1(formerly known as biotype 'b') and med (formerly known as biotype 'q'), the morphology and distribution of the antennal sen ... | 2015 | 25822843 |
| elimination of arsenophonus and decrease in the bacterial symbionts diversity by antibiotic treatment leads to increase in fitness of whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | bemisia tabaci is an invasive agricultural pest with more than 24 genetic groups harboring different bacterial endosymbionts categorized into obligatory and facultative endosymbionts. arsenophonus is one of the facultative endosymbionts prevalent in b. tabaci of indian sub-continent. not much is known about the functional role of this endosymbiont in its host. some studies have revealed its involvement in virus transmission by b. tabaci, but how it effects the biology of b. tabaci is unknown. in ... | 2015 | 25801610 |
| cloning of a putative extracellular cu/zn superoxide dismutase and functional differences of superoxide dismutases in invasive and indigenous whiteflies. | superoxide dismutases (sods) are a group of important antioxidant defense enzymes. in this study, a putative extracellular cu/zn superoxide dismutase (eccuznsod) complementary dna was cloned and characterized from the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression level of bteccuznsod was more than 10-fold higher in the invasive middle east asia minor 1 (meam1) than in the native asia ii 3 species of the b. tabaci species complex. after expos ... | 2015 | 25759872 |
| characterization of a novel begomovirus associated with yellow mosaic disease of three ornamental species of jatropha grown in india. | severe yellow mosaic disease was observed in three ornamental species of jatropha: j. integerrima, j. podagrica and j. multifida grown in gardens at lucknow, india, during a survey in 2013. the causal pathogen was successfully transmitted from diseased to healthy plants of these species by whitefly (bemisia tabaci). the infection of begomovirus was initially detected in naturally infected plant samples by pcr using begomovirus universal primers. the begomovirus was characterized having a monopar ... | 2015 | 25720372 |
| genome evolution in the primary endosymbiont of whiteflies sheds light on their divergence. | whiteflies are important agricultural insect pests, whose evolutionary success is related to a long-term association with a bacterial endosymbiont, candidatus portiera aleyrodidarum. to completely characterize this endosymbiont clade, we sequenced the genomes of three new portiera strains covering the two extant whitefly subfamilies. using endosymbiont and mitochondrial sequences we estimated the divergence dates in the clade and used these values to understand the molecular evolution of the end ... | 2015 | 25716826 |
| a novel wolbachia strain from the rice moth corcyra cephalonica induces reproductive incompatibility in the whitefly bemisia tabaci: sequence typing combined with phenotypic evidence. | wolbachia are a group of maternally inherited bacteria frequently found in arthropods and filarial nematodes. they have recently attracted attention for their ecological roles in manipulating host reproduction, their potential use in biological control of pest insects and medical significance. classification of wolbachia strains is currently solely based on molecular methods. however, the strains even with identical sequence types may induce different host phenotypes. here we isolated a wolbachi ... | 2015 | 25683566 |