| dna hybridization probe for clinical diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica. | as an alternative to microscopic identification of entamoeba histolytica parasites isolated from stool, a sensitive and species-specific dna hybridization probe was made for rapid diagnosis of e. histolytica parasites in clinical samples directly applied to nylon membranes. the dna hybridization probe was made by screening a genomic library of a virulent hm-1:imss strain of e. histolytica to detect recombinant plasmids containing highly repeated parasite dna sequences. four plasmid clones that r ... | 1989 | 2542361 |
| conversion of 5-s-ethyl-5-thio-d-ribose to ethionine in klebsiella pneumoniae. basis for the selective toxicity of 5-s-ethyl-5-thio-d-ribose. | 5-s-ethyl-5-thio-d-ribose (ethylthioribose) exhibits antiprotozoal activity against plasmodium falciparum, giardia lamblia, and ochromonas malhamensis, but is nontoxic to cultured human and murine bone marrow cells (riscoe, m. k., ferro, a. j., and fitchen, j. h. (1988) antimicrob. agents chemother. 32, 1904-1906). we propose the following mechanism to account for the observed selective toxicity of ethylthioribose. 1) the cytocidal action of ethylthioribose against protozoa is a result of its co ... | 1989 | 2543672 |
| [a medium available in czechoslovakia for the culture of entamoeba histolytica and giardia intestinalis]. | from nutritive media produced in the cssr a modification of diamond's medium tyi-s-33 was prepared which ensures the long-term axenic cultivation of entamoeba histolytica and giardia intestinalis. details of the cultivation technique are also presented. | 1989 | 2551514 |
| dietary fiber and giardiasis: dietary fiber reduces rate of intestinal infection by giardia lamblia in the gerbil. | gerbils were maintained on a low-fiber (5%) or a high-fiber (20%) diet in which the major fiber source was cellulose. animals in the low-fiber diet group were significantly more likely to become infected when inoculated with 100 giardia lamblia cysts than were animals in the high-fiber group. no differences were detected in gastrointestinal transit, gastric, and small intestinal luminal ph, or in duodenal mucus blanket acidic glycoprotein between animals in the high- and the low-fiber diet group ... | 1989 | 2554737 |
| concentration of giardia lamblia cysts, legionella pneumophila, clostridium perfringens, human enteric viruses, and coliphages from large volumes of drinking water, using a single filtration. | poliovirus, coliphages, giardia lamblia cysts, clostridium perfringens spores, and legionella pneumophila were concentrated simultaneously in a single pass by sequential filtration of large volumes of drinking water through 3- and 1-micron wound electronegative fiberglass cartridge filters (25.4 cm). filtration was performed under acidic conditions (ph 3.5) in the presence of 0.001 m aluminum chloride to enhance adsorption. elution of all the microorganisms entrapped or adsorbed to the filters w ... | 1989 | 2555036 |
| entamoeba histolytica and other parasitic infections in south kanara district, karnataka. | single stool specimens collected from 1,020 apparently healthy people of the south kanara district, were processed for intestinal parasites using three parasitological methods viz. (a) direct smear in physiological saline and d'antoni's iodine, (b) zinc sulfate concentration method and (c) by culture in modified boek and drbolhav medium. of these 781 (76.51 per cent) were found to be infected with parasites. the prevalence of various intestinal parasites was: ascaris lumbricoides (48.33 per cent ... | 1989 | 2559118 |
| a simple micropore system for experimental studies on trichomonad parasites. | a simple leak-free micropore chamber containing protozoan parasite species was implanted subcutaneously on the back of hamsters and evaluated for viability and multiplication of protozoan parasites. trophozoites of defined strains of entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis, and tritrichomonas foetus were used; their survival and multiplication in the chambers formed the basis of evaluation. entamoeba histolytica and g. lamblia did not survive more than 6 hr and succumbed du ... | 1989 | 2559180 |
| [healthy carriers of enteropathogenic micro-organisms among the child population of seville]. | we have studied for 1-year period a group of 144 children (31 newborn infants, 62 aged 1 year and 51 aged 2 years) who were randomly selected from the registrar's office of sevilla with the purpose of determining the incidence of diarrhoea and the prevalence of enteropathogenic microorganisms. two samples of faeces (one at the beginning and the second by the second semester of the 1-year period) were obtained from all children which were processed for culture and parasite and rotavirus examinati ... | 1989 | 2562303 |
| detection of enteropathogens in diarrhoeal diseases among malnourished egyptian infant and children. | the influence of the pre-existing malnutrition (pem) on the severity of diarrhoea as well as the causative organisms was studied on 60 cases. the duration of diarrhoea was prolonged in cases with pem. the stool purgative rate ranged from 4-15 times/day in pem infant while it was 3-6 times in well nourished cases (wnc) (p less than 0.05). also vomiting and dehydration was more marked among pem cases (52.9% and 32.4% of cases than in wnc cases (31.3% and 12.5% of cases) (p less than 0.05). rota vi ... | 1989 | 2562440 |
| [the role of atopic background in the genesis of allergic manifestations in intestinal parasitoses]. | the previous literature and personal observations showed the predominant role of the atopic background in the appearance of the allergic manifestation in the parasitic infestation and especially in giardiasis. the lot investigated was made of 52 patients with allergic manifestations, also infested with giardia intestinalis or with ascaris lumbricoides. the hereditary collateral and personal allergic antecedents and the clearly deficient histaminopexy (1/20) were present in 1/2 of the patients. s ... | 1989 | 2573132 |
| characterization of a thiol proteinase in giardia lamblia. | sonicated preparations of giardia lamblia hydrolyze a variety of protein substrates including human immunoglobulin. activity is increased by thiol-activating agents and inhibited by thiol proteinase inhibitors. about 55% of activity remains in the soluble fraction after high-speed centrifugation, and pretreatment with a nonionic detergent results in increased soluble activity. this suggests that the enzyme is membrane bound or associated with subcellular particles. activity elutes as a major pea ... | 1989 | 2584755 |
| serum antibodies to giardial surface antigens: lower titres in persistent than in non-persistent giardiasis. | antisera to two antigens of giardia lamblia--plasma membrane (pm) protein and an affinity-purified surface antigen (sa56)--were raised in rabbits, and shown to agglutinate and kill trophozoites in vitro. these antibodies were also demonstrated by elisa in the sera of paediatric patients with giardiasis. the titres of both antibodies were significantly higher in non-persistent (acute) and asymptomatic cases than in patients with persistent infection; and the latter group did not respond to anti-g ... | 1989 | 2585473 |
| [further studies on the mongolian jird model of giardia lamblia]. | seventy-seven meriones unguiculatus were inoculated intra-esophageal with giardia lamblia cysts isolated from the stool of a giardia infected child. correlation between oral dosage, course of infection, trophozoite distribution and the pathological changes in the small intestine of the infected jirds were studied. one (12.5%) of eight animals became infected with only 5 cysts. 10(4) cysts/jird or more was infective to nearly all the animals. most of the infected animals (83%) excreted cysts and/ ... | 1989 | 2591034 |
| high incidence of false positives by a latex agglutination test for the diagnosis of clostridium difficile associated colitis in compromised patients. | detection of clostridium difficile cytotoxin using cell culture assays for the diagnosis of antibiotic-associated colitis has been used for over a decade. because the methodology is time consuming and cumbersome, a recently introduced commercial latex agglutination (la) kit has attracted much attention. we compared the sensitivity and specificity of this method with the cytotoxic assay (cta) using diarrheal stools from 652 patients at a referral tertiary care center. specimens from 71 (10.9%) pa ... | 1989 | 2591165 |
| sensitive resolution of giardia lamblia membrane antigens. | | 1989 | 2592491 |
| exotic diarrhoeal problems and poliomyelitis. | exotic gastrointestinal infections continue to increase as world travel expands. many are debilitating and some are life-threatening. a heightened awareness of their significance and symptomatology could help to prevent unnecessary suffering or death. | 1989 | 2594659 |
| uptake of bacteria by trophozoites of giardia duodenalis (say). | rod-like bacteria were found in the cytoplasm of trophozoites of giardia duodenalis (say) in domestic rats (rattus rattus). these structures were always in phagocytic vacuoles without signs of bacteria digestion or degradation of the trophozoite cytoplasm. the uptake of the bacteria was observed from their attachment to the trophozoite membrane until their total incorporation by phagocytosis. | 1989 | 2596903 |
| prevalence and seasonal fluctuations of intestinal parasitic infections in the nablus area, west bank of jordan. | a total of 22,970 stool specimens collected from patients attending the central medical laboratory in the city of nablus in the period of 1981-1986 were examined for intestinal parasites. of these 7412 (32.3%) were positive. entamoeba histolytica (22.9%), giardia lamblia (7.3%), and ascaris lumbricoides (5.7%) were the most prevalent intestinal parasites found. other intestinal parasites present included hymenolepis nana, trichomonas hominis, trichuris trichiura, taenia saginata, enterobius verm ... | 1989 | 2596904 |
| inhibition of uridine phosphorylase from giardia lamblia by pyrimidine analogs. | fifty-six pyrimidine analogs were tested as possible inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase from giardia lamblia. values of ki were determined for eight of these which demonstrated an inhibition greater than 60% under the standard conditions of uridine at 1 mm (approximately 1.5 times the km) and inhibitor at 1 mm. all were competitive with respect to uridine. the most effective inhibitors were uracil analogs substituted at the c-5 position with electron withdrawing groups (nitro groups or halogens ... | 1989 | 2597172 |
| inactivation of gerbil-cultured giardia lamblia cysts by free chlorine. | giardia lamblia cysts were harvested from mongolian gerbils and exposed to free chlorine in buffered water at ph 5, 7, and 9 at 15 degrees c. the contact times required to obtain a 2-log reduction in cyst survival (i.e., a 99% kill) were interpolated from survival curves generated at fixed concentrations of chlorine in the range of 0.25 to about 16 mg/liter. concentration-time (c.t') products for 99% inactivation ranged from about 120 to nearly 1,500 mg.min/liter. these values are higher than th ... | 1989 | 2604397 |
| mixed infections in childhood diarrhoea: results of a community study in kiambu district, kenya. | one thousand four hundred and twenty diarrhoea specimens from 846 children aged 0 to 60 months were collected and analysed for bacteria, parasites and rotavirus over a 16 month period, from june 1985 to september 1986 inclusive. the study was conducted in 4 villages situated in kiambu district, kenya. all the specimens were analysed for rotavirus and parasites, including cryptosporidium. the majority of the specimens were analysed for enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), shigella, salmonell ... | 1989 | 2606013 |
| the effect of drugs on the cell cycle of giardia intestinalis. | flow cytometric analysis of the binucleated protozoan parasite giardia intestinalis gave dna histograms with a broad g1 peak and a definable g2 + m peak with twice the dna content of g1. twenty-four hour treatment with metronidazole arrested cell cycle progression of susceptible trophozoites in the g2 + m phase, but had no effect, even at toxic doses, on the dna histogram of a line selected for resistance to metronidazole. furazolidone was inhibitory to both stocks, causing an arrest in the s an ... | 1989 | 2608310 |
| lactose malabsorption in children with symptomatic giardia lamblia infection: feasibility of yogurt supplementation. | an investigation was carried out on 61 children suffering from symptomatic giardiasis with the object of verifying the incidence and entity of lactose malabsorption. furthermore, the possibility of a substitutive yogurt diet was verified in the lactose malabsorbers. the subjects, all children older than 1 year, were studied according to a schedule that included a lactose hydrogen breath test (bt) performed prior to therapy and a further bt 60 days following therapy. the subjects were divided in ... | 1989 | 2614615 |
| alanine is a major end product of metabolism by giardia lamblia: a proton nuclear magnetic resonance study. | 1h-nmr spectroscopy was used to monitor the major metabolic end products released by giardia lamblia when maintained anaerobically in culture in diamond's tyi-s-33 medium. spectra were acquired for the cell-free medium and the resonances of metabolites utilised and produced during cell growth identified by the addition of pure compounds and by difference spectroscopy. the major metabolites produced by the parasite were alanine, ethanol and acetate, with increases in concentrations in the media a ... | 1989 | 2615787 |
| the impact of improvement of water supply and sanitation facilities on diarrhea and intestinal parasites: a brazilian experience with children in two low-income urban communities. | during the second half of 1986 the impact of the improvement of water supply and excreta disposal facilities on diarrheal diseases and intestinal parasitosis was studied in 254 children up to six years of age from two favelas (shanty towns) of belo horizonte, brazil. the estimated incidence of diarrhea was 6.2 episodes/child year and the estimated period prevalence reached 31.0 episode days/child/year. the point prevalence of parasitosis was 70.7% (ascaris lumbricoides: 55.4%, trichuris trichiur ... | 1989 | 2617116 |
| giardia lamblia: surface charge of human isolates in culture. | the surface charge of giardia lamblia trophozoites from axenic cultures of strains recently isolated in mexico from human cases of symptomatic and asymptomatic giardiasis was studied by means of cellular microelectrophoresis and ultrastructural cytochemistry. it is concluded that ionogenic surface groups confer a negative surface charge on trophozoites of g. lamblia and that no significant differences exist between the surface charge of trophozoites of symptomatic and asymptomatic origin. | 1989 | 2617627 |
| tetracyclines as antiparasitic agents: lipophilic derivatives are highly active against giardia lamblia in vitro. | comparisons of the inhibitory activities of different tetracyclines have been reported for plasmodium falciparum but no other parasites. the in vitro response of the intestinal parasite giardia lamblia to six tetracyclines in current use was determined. in addition, the experimental drug thiacycline (emd 33,330) was evaluated. three groups were discerned, with representative 50 and 90% inhibitory concentrations of, respectively, 36 and 130 (tetracycline), 6.4 and 22 (doxycycline), and 1.8 and 3. ... | 1989 | 2619281 |
| virulence of giardia lamblia: an in vitro study on host-parasite interaction. | trophozoites of g. lamblia, a human parasite, were lysed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) of healthy individuals during in vitro interaction. however, the parasite damaged pmnl of giardiasis patients. a prior treatment of giardia trophozoites with anti-giardia serum, caused agglutination of pathogen and, thereby, the cytotoxic capacity of the parasite was reduced. interaction of giardia-trophozoites with peritoneal macrophage, derived from infected mouse, reduced the phagocytic activity of ... | 1989 | 2620940 |
| [kwashiorkor in an adult with alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis]. | multifactorial malnutrition is common in alcoholic cirrhosis. we report a case dominated by kwashiorkor due to malabsorption related to infestation with giardia lamblia. malnutrition deserves a complete investigation in order to detect treatable causes. | 1989 | 2624157 |
| giardia muris and giardia duodenalis groups: ultrastructural differences between the trophozoites. | trophozoites of the giardia muris group from hamsters, domestic rats and mice and of the giardia duodenalis group from hamsters and domestic rats were examined by transmission electron microscopy. the basic ultrastructure of the trophozoites was similar. differences were shown in the morphology of the ventrolateral flange of the trophozoites of giardia muris and giardia duodenalis groups. marginal plates are less developed in the species of the giardia duodenalis group. in this group, the distal ... | 1989 | 2626645 |
| [hypochromic anemia associated with ascariasis and giardiasis in children]. | the purpose of the study was determination of the frequency of the association of hypochromic anaemia with infections by ascaris lumbricoides and giardia intestinalis. among 5603 studied patients of either sex, aged 3 to 18 years ascaridiasis alone was diagnosed in 226 children (4%), and giardiasis alone in 106 cases (1.9%). the frequency of this anaemia in these groups ranged from 6% to 16%. | 1989 | 2633492 |
| simultaneous streptococcus pneumoniae, giardia lamblia and campylobacter pylori infection: an adult presentation of x-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia. | primary x-linked (bruton's) hypogammaglobulinaemia is uncommon. it usually presents clinically within the first two years of life--typically after the age of three months when maternal igg is exhausted. its diagnosis in middle life is exceptional. the presentation of the condition as a triple infection in a middle-aged man therefore seemed worthwhile reporting, as effective and safe prophylactic immunotherapy is now available. | 1989 | 2638574 |
| effect of screening and treatment on imported intestinal parasite infections: results from a randomized, controlled trial. | a randomized, controlled trial was undertaken to evaluate the effects of a screening program for intestinal parasite infection in newly arrived southeast asian refugees to montréal, québec, canada, during 1982-1983. families assigned to the screened groups were examined, infected persons were treated and followed until they were infection-free, and all screened families were reexamined at six months. families assigned to the control groups were examined at six months only. statistically signific ... | 1989 | 2646918 |
| giardia lamblia: characterization of proteinase activity in trophozoites. | the proteinase activity of giardia lamblia trophozoites, portland 1 strain, was characterized with respect to substrate specificities and inhibitor sensitivities. proteinase activity with urea-denatured hemoglobin (udh), alpha-n-benzoyl-dl-arginine-2-naphthylamide (bana), and alpha-n-benzoyl-argininamide (baa) as substrates exhibited ph optima of 5.8, 3.8, and 5.0, respectively. for bana, the apparent km was 0.20 mm and the vmax was 2.56 microm. for baa, the apparent km was 4.0 mm and the vmax w ... | 1989 | 2647505 |
| antigenic variation in giardia lamblia. | giardia lamblia undergo surface antigenic variation in vitro and in vivo. the presence of variant trophozoites can be detected in clones after exposure to cytotoxic monoclonal antibodies. surviving giardia (progeny) no longer possess the initial major surface antigen which is replaced by new antigens. exposure of a clone from one progeny to another cytotoxic mab specific to one newly appearing surface antigen resulted in the loss of this antigen and replacement by another set of antigens. the fr ... | 1989 | 2647510 |
| diagnosis of giardiasis in infants and children by endoscopic brush cytology. | eight pediatric patients with presenting symptoms of chronic diarrhea, abdominal cramps, weight loss, and/or recurrent emesis were diagnosed as having giardiasis by duodenal brush cytology. all patients had at least three stool specimens examined for ova and parasites, which failed to reveal giardia lamblia cysts or trophozoites. in each patient, the small intestinal mucosal biopsies as well failed to reveal giardia. no complications were encountered during any of the procedures. duodenal brush ... | 1989 | 2651633 |
| biochemistry and metabolism of giardia. | giardia lamblia, an aerotolerant anaerobe, respires in the presence of oxygen by a flavin, iron-sulfur protein-mediated electron transport system. glucose appears to be the only sugar catabolized by the embden-meyerhof-parnas and hexose monophosphate pathways, and energy is produced by substrate level phosphorylation. substrates are incompletely oxidized to co2, ethanol and acetate by nonsedimentable enzymes. the lack of incorporation of inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, formate or glycine into n ... | 1989 | 2657035 |
| detection of specific anti-giardia serum antibody by an immunofluorescence test in children with clinical giardiasis. | in 50 of 100 children with clinical giardiasis studied, the presence of giardia lamblia was proven by stool and/or duodenal aspirate examination; the presence of the parasite was not demonstrated in the rest. serum antibodies to g. lamblia were investigated in all children by an indirect immunofluorescent test (iif) with g. lamblia trophozoites as antigen. it was found that all the children with positive duodenal aspirate had positive serology (titers greater than or equal to 1/32). the best cor ... | 1989 | 2658636 |
| touch cytology, a useful diagnostic method for diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract infections. | candida albicans, campylobacter pylori, and giardia lamblia are microorganisms that are frequently found in the upper gastrointestinal tract. a cytological smear of biopsies obtained at endoscopy was compared with the pathologic examination of biopsies. candida albicans was found in 55 patients, campylobacter pylori in 54, giardia lamblia in 31; cytology was positive in 43, 46, and 22 cases, respectively, and biopsy in 29, 43, and 22 cases. cytology was thus the only positive test in 26 cases wi ... | 1989 | 2663387 |
| infectious diarrhea in children undergoing bone-marrow transplantation. | fecal flora of 12 children undergoing bone-marrow transplantation was monitored prospectively using comprehensive microbiological techniques. diarrhea developed at least once in ten of the 12 children (83%), and a total of 24 episodes were recorded. recognised gut pathogens were isolated from 11/21 (52%) diarrheal episodes where fecal specimens were obtained. enteric pathogens identified included viral pathogens in 19% (rotaviruses, 'enteric' adenoviruses), parasites in 19% (cryptosporidium, gia ... | 1989 | 2669709 |
| quantitation and properties of fecal and upper small intestinal aerobic microflora in infants and young children with persistent diarrhea. | the duodenal juice and fecal aerobic microflora was investigated in 54 patients with persistent diarrhea (age less than or equal to 2 years). the duodenal aspirates yielded increased aerobic bacteria (greater than 10(5) organisms/ml) in 28 (51.9%) of the patients. established enteric pathogens were isolated from the duodenal aspirates of 12 (22.2%) of the 54 patients, viz., enteroadherent escherichia coli (eaec) (5), enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) (3), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) (1), nontyp ... | 1989 | 2674383 |
| monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay for giardia lamblia antigen in human stool. | a visually readable monoclonal antibody-based antigen-capture enzyme immunoassay for the detection of giardia lamblia antigen in human stool specimens was developed and found to be 97% (30 of 31 stool specimens) sensitive for formalinized stools and 82% (49 of 60 stool specimens) sensitive for unfixed stool specimens by visual reading. the storage of specimens in 10% formalin resulted in increased absorbance in 20 of 26 g. lamblia-positive specimens tested as both formalinized and unfixed specim ... | 1989 | 2681257 |
| detection of giardia antigen in stool samples by a semi-quantitative enzyme immunoassay (eia) test. | a semi-quantitative enzyme immunoassay (eia) test for the detection of giardia intestinalis antigen in faeces was developed. in order to avoid unspecific reactions due to anticalf serum activity, igg fractions of anti-giardia rabbit and sheep sera were purified from antibovine antibodies by immunoadsorption. faecal specimens tested in the assay were mixed with normal horse serum to avoid unspecific and proteolytic effects of stool components. out of a range of bacterial and parasitic antigens te ... | 1989 | 2685985 |
| antigenic conservation and variation in giardia cysts from various vertebrate hosts. | monoclonal antibodies produced against giardia muris cysts reacted in indirect immunofluorescence with homologous cysts and cysts from a giardia-infected wild norway rat but did not cross-react with giardia lamblia cysts of human, dog, or beaver sources. another monoclonal antibody raised against giardia simoni cysts from the norway rat reacted with homologous cysts (rat) and cross-reacted with cysts from a cow. the demonstration of antigenic differences at the cyst surfaces of giardia organisms ... | 1989 | 2686172 |
| a comparative study of furazolidone and placebo in addition to oral rehydration in the treatment of acute infantile diarrhea. | between july and october 1987 an outpatient study of 191 children with acute diarrhea was undertaken in two rural communities in mexico. through a double-blind randomization we compared the efficacy of a combination therapy of furazolidone, 7.5 mg/kg/day, plus standard oral rehydration therapy (ort) (96 patients) versus a placebo plus ort (95 patients), each given for 5 days. diarrheal stool samples were collected from all patients before therapy. by means of a two-vial transport media system th ... | 1989 | 2694341 |
| failure of mebendazole treatment in giardia lamblia infection. | | 1989 | 2694502 |
| evaluation of immunofluorescence techniques for detection of cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts from environmental samples. | cryptosporidium and giardia species are enteric protozoa which cause waterborne disease. the detection of these organisms in water relies on the detection of the oocyst and cyst forms or stages. monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies were compared for their abilities to react with giardia cysts and cryptosporidium oocysts after storage in water, 3.7% formaldehyde, and 2.5% potassium dichromate, upon exposure to bleach, and in environmental samples. three monoclonal antibodies to cryptosporidium pa ... | 1989 | 2694962 |
| [various theories on the pathogenesis of diarrhea and malabsorption syndromes in giardia intestinalis infection]. | | 1989 | 2695980 |
| [acute diarrhea: recent etiopathogenetic findings]. | acute diarrhoeas in children represent still now a very serious problem for public health either in developing or in industrialized countries. in the last years great progress has been made in the aetiology and epidemiology of this disease. the most important results, which are worth recording, obtained in this field are: the detection of rotavirus as a more common agent causing infectious enteritis in children; the "rediscover" of some pathogenic agents (campylobacter and yersinia) ignored sinc ... | 1989 | 2698467 |
| fever and urticaria in acute giardiasis. | travelers' diarrhea afflicts some 250 million people yearly. a number of etiologic agents have been identified, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. giardia lamblia is one of the pathogens clearly associated with this syndrome. typical symptoms of giardiasis that include abdominal bloating and cramps are well known, whereas urticaria has rarely been associated with this illness. an american tourist developed acute giardiasis accompanied by urticaria and high fever. no other pathogens were ... | 1989 | 2705846 |
| a preliminary survey of parasitic infections and nutritional status among school children in riyadh, saudi arabia. | a total of 320 school children in the model institute of the capital in riyadh, were clinically and parasitologically examined. thirty-five (10.94%) had intestinal parasites. entamoeba coli (61.91%) was found more frequently among the commensals, while giardia lamblia (28.57%) was the most common pathogenic parasite. all urines were parasite free. the low infection rate with gardia could be explained by the good physical and nutritional status and better sanitary and living conditions. | 1989 | 2708849 |
| intestinal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a prospective study in 132 patients. | we studied prospectively 132 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to define the spectrum of enteric pathogens during this disease, with special reference to the correlation between the lesions, the infections, and the symptoms. forty-four percent of the patients harbored at least one enteric pathogen: the most frequently recovered were cryptosporidium (28), cytomegalovirus (16), entamoeba histolytica (13), giardia lamblia (9), and mycobacterium avium intracellulare (7). patients harb ... | 1989 | 2714152 |
| diagnosis of giardia lamblia infections by detection of parasite-specific antigens. | antigen detection methods may facilitate diagnosis of giardia lamblia in stool specimens. as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and immunoblotting, g. lamblia cysts and trophozoites share several antigens, especially in the 65-kilodalton and 30- to 34-kilodalton regions. by using blind methods, we compared results obtained by counterimmunoelectrophoresis using cyst-immune rabbit serum and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using trophozoite ... | 1989 | 2715318 |
| [blastocystis hominis, a parasitic cause of diarrhea]. | the frequency of detection of blastocystis hominis in the stools of patients with gastroenteritis is reported. over a twelve-month period b. hominis was identified in the stools of 69 (4.72%) out of 1460 patients. of these 69 positive samples, 45 (65%) contained b. hominis alone and in 24 (35%) it was present together with other parasites such as lamblia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica, entamoeba coli, endolimax nana, iodamoeba buetschlii, ancylostoma duodenale, ascaris lumbricoides, trichur ... | 1989 | 2717900 |
| [incidence of giardia intestinalis in family environments in the light of epidemiologic studies]. | coproscopy parasitological studies were carried out in family environments. samples of feces were taken three times from 1728 persons (400 families) from urban and rural environments in south-eastern regions of poland. the general extensity of giardiasis amounted to 39.6% and was higher in urban families (average 41.3%) than in those inhabiting rural areas (average 36.6%). the giardiasis dominated in children from 1 to 4 years (average more than 78% infected), especially in urban areas (extensit ... | 1989 | 2718468 |
| litomosoides carinii: mode of action in vitro of benzothiazole and amoscanate derivatives with antifilarial activity. | it is suggested that the recently developed benzothiazole and amoscanate derivatives with antifilarial activity exert their action in vitro by an inhibition of mitochondrial-derived respiration. it was confirmed that the drugs cgp 20376, 21835, 20308, 21306, and 6140 cause a rapid immobilization in vitro of the adult filarial worm, litomosoides carinii, the time required being similar to rotenone at the same concentration. the other drugs investigated, cgps 20309, 21833, 24589, 23518, and 13231, ... | 1989 | 2721632 |
| the risk of infection from giardia lamblia due to drinking water supply, use of water, and latrines among preschool children in rural lesotho. | stool samples were collected from 267 rural, preschool children in four districts in lesotho during october-november, 1984. sixty-three children (23.6%) were tested positive for giardia lamblia, the most commonly recovered parasite from stool samples. the use of low amounts of water for personal hygiene was associated significantly with having g. lamblia (or = 2.42), but the use of traditional, non-improved drinking water sources (or = 1.38) or lack of latrines (or = 0.94) was not. although g. l ... | 1989 | 2722373 |
| giardia intestinalis: electrophoretic evidence for a species complex. | the technique of allozyme electrophoresis was applied to 29 australasian stocks and 48 clones of giardia intestinalis from humans as a means of increasing the number of genetic markers currently available for identification and classification. fifty different enzymes were examined and of these 26 loci were found to be suitable for use as genetic markers. the data indicate the presence of four discrete genetic groups within the sample of g. intestinalis examined. the groups had fixed genetic diff ... | 1989 | 2722391 |
| [urticaria, pruritus]. | a 53-year old patient was admitted because of severe urticaria and itching aggravating since 9 months. laboratory findings like increased sedimentation rate and leucocytosis were suspicious for an infection-associated allergy or a paraneoplastic syndrome. after exclusion of a gastro-intestinal tumor search for the source of a possible infection was intensified by several fecal analyses and trophozoites were found indicating an infestation of the small bowel by giardia lamblia. finally lamblia we ... | 1989 | 2727516 |
| susceptibility of giardia lamblia to aminoglycoside protein synthesis inhibitors: correlation with rrna structure. | the very limited development of antiparasitic agents targeting protein synthesis stems in part from the belief that parasite and host ribosomes are sufficiently similar to preclude selective toxicity. however, recent studies have revealed that giardia lamblia rrna has an unusual size and sequence; consequently, this organism and its homogeneous rrna provide a useful model for the development of protein synthesis inhibitors with antiparasitic activity. in this study, i determined the sequence and ... | 1989 | 2729943 |
| characterization of giardia isolates using a non-radiolabeled dna probe, and correlation with the results of isoenzyme analysis. | forty-seven isolates, identified morphologically as giardia duodenalis, were compared by restriction endonuclease analysis of dna with hybridization to a non-radiolabeled probe. seven schizodemes were distinguished, compared to 15 zymodemes identified by isoenzyme electrophoresis. despite the greater sensitivity of isoenzyme electrophoresis, dna analysis did detect previously unsuspected variations between isolates in 1 zymodeme. eighteen different genetic groups were detected among the 49 isola ... | 1989 | 2742039 |
| circannual incidence of giardia lamblia. | a circannual rhythm of giardia lamblia positive stools was found by examination of records from three clinical laboratories in central arkansas for the period 1980-1986. cosinor analysis of monthly giardia incidence based on stool specimen records from approximately 12,000 patients over the 7-year period revealed a circannual rhythm (p less than 0.001) on the basis of percent positive patients/month, with a computive acrophase occurring in late summer and minimum values in the winter. patients i ... | 1989 | 2743471 |
| [scanning electron microscopic study of campylobacter pylori and associated gastroduodenal lesions]. | the detection of campylobacter pylori was carried out with scanning electron microscopy (sem) on 4,590 biopsies taken from 1,714 adult patients (1,348 duodenal biopsies, 1,690 antral biopsies and 1,552 fundic biopsies). the mucus was removed and the fragments of mucosa were then fixed with glutaraldehyde, dehydrated, critical point-dried with co2 or hexamethyldisilazane, mounted, coated with gold, and observed with sem. under sem, c. pylori was characterized by its spiral-shape (long form 2.5 to ... | 1989 | 2744325 |
| lectin activity of axenic and xenic giardia lamblia trophozoites. | the membrane bound lectin of giardia lamblia is though to play an important role in the selective colonization of the proximal small intestine by the parasite. the lectin obtained from xenic lysetes of g.lamblia gave a titre of more than 1:2048 in the hemagglutination test with rabbit erythrocytes, whereas the axenic lysates required pre-treatment with proteases (trypsin and pronase) in order to obtain a titre of 1:32. similar behavior was exhibited by enterocytes of the mouse small intestine wh ... | 1989 | 2744339 |
| aphthous ulceration as a presentation of giardia lamblia infection. | the occurrence of aphthous ulceration in association with, or as the presenting feature of giardia infection has not been previously recorded in the literature. this paper describes such a case. | 1989 | 2751912 |
| giardia lamblia: the roles of bile, lactic acid, and ph in the completion of the life cycle in vitro. | large numbers (10(4) to greater than 10(5)/ml) of type i water-resistant giardia lamblia cysts were produced in vitro under conditions that are characteristic of the human intestinal lumen. we define type i cyst morphology as oval shaped, smooth, and refractile, with cyst wall, axostyle, and median body visible in relief by normarski differential interference contrast optics. human and porcine bile induced higher levels of encystation than bovine bile at the alkaline ph (7.8) which occurs in the ... | 1989 | 2753120 |
| an outbreak of giardiasis in a nursing home with evidence for multiple modes of transmission. | during a 6-w period from 20 april through 7 june 1986, an outbreak of giardiasis occurred in residents and employees of a nursing home and children participating in day care at the nursing home. eighty-eight cases of giardiasis (defined by presence of clinical symptoms or results of stool examination) were identified from groups associated with the nursing home including 35 in nursing home residents, 15 in children in day care, and 38 in employees (including kitchen staff and child care provider ... | 1989 | 2760485 |
| [the frequency and geographic distribution of giardia infections in ruminants in switzerland]. | in various districts (cantons) of switzerland 815 calves (a few days up to 6 months old), 382 lambs and 20 young goats (both groups 1-6 months old) were selected randomly for a single coprological examination (flotation method) for giardia infection. in average 26.6% of the calves, 29.8% of the lambs and 4 of 20 young goats excreted giardia cysts. in 9 cantons the percentages of cyst excretors among the calves varied between 15 and 32, but these differences were not significant. further there we ... | 1989 | 2762791 |
| elevated levels of immunoglobulin a to giardia lamblia during a waterborne outbreak of gastroenteritis. | during an outbreak of diarrheal illness among residents of a trailer park in rural vermont, 37 (30%) of 122 residents met the case definition of outbreak-related giardiasis. convalescent-phase sera from 24 residents and 20 nonresident control subjects were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga antibodies to giardia lamblia. residents showed higher levels of parasite-specific antibody than did nonresident controls for igg and iga but not igm. nine re ... | 1989 | 2768460 |
| ultrastructure of penetrating giardia trophozoite and the possible mechanism of invasion. | the ultrastructure of penetrating giardia lamblia trophozoites in immunosuppressed albino rats is described for the first time. recorded changes in the general contour of the parasite; loss of flagellae, and suction disc, disappearance of the endoplasmic reticulum, appearance of abundant electron dense coarse granules as well as large sized vacuoles opening to outside, are probably modifications associated with penetration and accommodation to the new environment. penetration appears to be due t ... | 1989 | 2768852 |
| the intestinal parasitic infections among children in riyadh, saudi arabia. | a total of 5421 children, 2726 apparently healthy and 2695 with clinical manifestations suggestive parasitic infection were subjected to stool examinations. giardia lamblia was found to be the most common intestinal parasitic infection among both groups. enterobius vermicularis followed among the patient group. abdominal pain and pruritus ani were the most common causes of referral in the patient group. other causes of referral were mainly associated with g. lamblia infection. | 1989 | 2768862 |
| parasitic infestation in cape town children. a random study of 101 patients. | over a 12-month period random stool specimens were collected from 101 children admitted to the trauma unit of the red cross war memorial children's hospital, cape town. the majority of the children were resident on the cape flats or in mitchell's plain. examination of the stools showed evidence of parasitic infestation in 46 of the children, of whom 39 harboured ascaris lumbricoides (8), trichuris trichiura (11) or both (20). cysts of giardia lamblia were identified in 8 patients. these findings ... | 1989 | 2772766 |
| geographic variation in giardia karyotypes. | chromosomes of 41 stocks of giardia duodenalis derived from humans and 14 stocks from other animal species were analysed by field inversion gel electrophoresis (fige). these stocks have two predominant karyotypes as judged by fige which appear to fit a geographic distribution. under fige conditions used to optimize the detection of size variation in giardia chromosomes, five or six major chromosomes could be identified. most of the stocks derived from north america have three major chromosomes s ... | 1989 | 2777469 |
| respiration in the cysts and trophozoites of giardia muris. | cysts and trophozoites of the parasitic protozoon giardia muris both showed respiratory activity but respiration in cysts was only 10 to 20% that of trophozoites. the o2 dependence of respiration in cysts and trophozoites showed o2 maxima above which respiration decreased. the o2 concentration at which the respiration rate was greatest was higher for cysts than trophozoites. the effects of various inhibitors on cyst and trophozoite respiration suggested that flavoproteins and quinones play some ... | 1989 | 2778428 |
| [the incidence of hymenolepis nana infestation in dolj county]. | the present paper reports on the incidence of the hymenolepis nana cestode in the dolj county, in 45,725 cases, in the polyclinic and hospital, between 1985 and 1987, with several variation, on age-groups and as a function of sex. our remarks, made during this period and on the whole group of the subjects investigated in the polyclinic and hospital show the low incidence, of 2.34% of hymenolepis nana, versus 97.16%, a value found for the following parasites investigated: giardia lamblia, entamoe ... | 1989 | 2781208 |
| increased faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin excretion in children with persistent diarrhoea associated with enteric pathogens. | the random faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin (at) excretion (mg/g dry weight of stool) was measured in 30 infants and children (mean age 10.8 +/- 8 mo.) with protracted diarrhoea (duration greater than or equal to 21 days) and failure to thrive and 27 normally nourished children (mean age 13 +/- 4.5 mo.) without any gastrointestinal symptoms in the preceding 12 weeks. the associated factors in patients with protracted diarrhoea and their mean faecal at during active disease and 3-4 weeks after recovery ... | 1989 | 2784616 |
| sequential changes of lamina propria immunoglobulin-containing cells in immune intact and immunosuppressed mice infected with giardia lamblia. | following giardia lamblia infection in immune intact nmri mice, increased numbers of igm-containing cells and decreased numbers of iga containing cells were noticed in the lamina propria during the establishment (3-5 days) and acute (9-11 days) phases of infection. the decline in igm-containing cells during the clearance phase of infection (17-21 days post-infection) was accompanied by an increase in iga and igg-containing cells. our data suggest that the locally synthesized antibodies, especial ... | 1989 | 2793205 |
| high-resolution electron microscopic evidence for the filamentous structure of the cyst wall in giardia muris and giardia duodenalis. | high-resolution morphological studies of the cyst wall of giardia spp. were performed using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (lvsem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the cyst wall was composed of membranous and filamentous layers. the membranous layer consisted of an inner and an outer cyst membrane separated by a thin layer of cytoplasm. the filamentous layer contained individual filaments that ranged from 7 to 20 nm in diameter when measured by lvsem, formed a dense meshwork ... | 1989 | 2795382 |
| identification of virus-like particles in eimeria stiedae. | when nucleic acid samples purified from sporozoites of eimeria stiedae were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, an ethidium-stainable band with an apparent electrophoretic mobility of 6.5 kb was consistently observed. the band was readily degradable upon rnase treatment, and its susceptibility towards ribonuclease a on a decreasing ionic strength was suggestive of double-stranded rna (dsrna). electron microscopy revealed spherical, probably icosahedral, virus-like particles (vlp) with a dia ... | 1989 | 2797059 |
| a single-stranded rna copy of the giardia lamblia virus double-stranded rna genome is present in the infected giardia lamblia. | an isolate of giardia lamblia infected with the double-stranded rna virus (glv) has two major species of rna that are not present in an uninfected isolate. one of these species is the previously characterized double-stranded rna genome of glv (1). the second species of rna appears to be a full length copy of one strand of the double-stranded rna genome. this full length single-stranded rna is not present in viral particles isolated from the growth medium. the cellular concentration of the single ... | 1989 | 2798099 |
| isoenzyme analysis of human and animal isolates of giardia duodenalis from british columbia, canada. | isoenzyme patterns of 32 isolates of giardia duodenalis, obtained from 6 beavers and 11 humans from british columbia, plus 15 other isolates were evaluated using thin-layer starch-gel electrophoresis. we attempted to use 12 enzymes; 9 gave reproducible and interpretable results. the isoenzyme patterns of the isolates were classified into 12 groups with 17 (53%) of the 32 isolates confined to 1 group. the other 11 groups each comprised only 1 or 2 isolates. there was no obvious correlation betwee ... | 1989 | 2802023 |
| disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) during primary and challenge infections with giardia lamblia. | the sequence of changes in the activity of six disaccharidases in the small intestine of gerbils during primary and secondary g lamblia infections was examined. the primary g lamblia infection induced a transient reduction in disaccharidase activity which was related to the highest trophozoite burden in the small intestine. during the primary exposure, a 30% to 85% decrease in the activity of enzymes was observed on days 10 and 20 after infection. secondary exposure of gerbils to g lamblia cause ... | 1989 | 2806988 |
| functional characterization of intestinal intraepithelium & lamina propria lymphocytes from giardia lamblia infected mice. | quantitation of t cell subsets in intraepithelium and lamina propria during the course of experimental g. lamblia infection in the inbred mice revealed increased influx of thy 1.2+ (t cells) and lyt 2.2+ (suppressor/cytotoxic t cells) during the establishment (3-5 day post-inoculation) and acute (9-11 day post-inoculation) phases of infection. the influx of these cells reduced as the parasite load declined. in contrast, no significant changes were noticed in lamina propria and intraepithelium ly ... | 1989 | 2807433 |
| ultrastructural localization of giardins to the edges of disk microribbons of giarida lamblia and the nucleotide and deduced protein sequence of alpha giardin. | the giardins are a group of 29-38-kd proteins in the ventral disk of the protozoan parasite giardia lamblia. the disk attaches the parasite to the host's intestinal epithelium and is composed of parallel, coiled microtubules that are adjacent to the ventral plasma membrane and from which processes called microribbons extend into the cytoplasm; the microribbons are connected by crossbridges. g. lamblia cytoskeletons, consisting of disks and attached flagella, were isolated and used to show that t ... | 1989 | 2808530 |
| pattern of intestinal parasitic infection in preschool children in riyadh, saudi arabia. | a total of 1,167 stool specimens collected from 0.6-6 years old patients attending king abdel aziz university hospital (kauh) in riyadh, were examined for intestinal parasites. of these 243 (20.8%) were positive. giardia lamblia (13.5) and enterobius vermicularis (4.2%), were the commonest parasites found. other parasites present include ascaris lumbricoides, entamoeba histolytica and hymenolepis nana. abdominal pain (38.6%) and diarrhoea (27.6%) were the most common causes of referral presented ... | 1989 | 2809181 |
| [cryptosporidium sp. in children with diarrhea in cuba]. | during the period from may to september 1987 stools from 200 children (aged 2 months to 4 years) with diarrhoea at children's hospital in havana city were tested for enteropathogens. three stool samples collected from each patient on alternative days were examined for cryptosporidium oocysts by direct wet mounts, concentration by the method of ritchie (formol-ether sedimentation) and by modified ziehl-neelsen staining technique. total prevalence of intestinal parasitoses was as high as 24.5%. cr ... | 1989 | 2811747 |
| evidence for unusually short tubulin mrna leaders and characterization of tubulin genes in giardia lamblia. | we have cloned alpha- and beta-tubulin cdnas from giardia lamblia and have used these to determine the gene copy number in the organism and to isolate alpha- and beta-tubulin genomic clones. studies of the gene organization demonstrate that two copies of beta-tubulin are linked in a head-to-head configuration. the dna from these two copies and that from one alpha-tubulin copy has been sequenced upstream of the translation initiation codon, and analyzed for consensus to typical eukaryotic promote ... | 1989 | 2811942 |
| etiology of acute childhood diarrhoea in calcutta. | of the 152 cases of acute diarrhoea, 124 (81.5%) revealed potential pathogens. altogether 27 (21.2%) out of 127 strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, proteus and acinetobacter produced enterotoxin. single pathogenic bacteria (40 cases 26.3%), parasite (6; 6%), rota virus (6; 6%), toxigenic bacteria (19; 12.5%) and mixed agents (37; 24.24.3%) were recorded in 108 cases (71.0%). another 14 (9.2%) cases exclusively revealed moderate to heavy growth of suspected enteric p ... | 1989 | 2815324 |
| [giardia infections in humans]. | a short report is given on the importance of the infections of people by giardia lamblia with special consideration of epidemiological and immunological aspects. results of the investigations of children from different day-care centres in large town also proved interactions with pathogenic and apathogenic bacteria. the prevalence in children with diarrhoea was up to 50% contrary to children without diarrhoea (up to 14%). adults were infected with giardia lamblia up to 3%. environmental investiga ... | 1989 | 2817507 |
| severe giardiasis in two patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. | two patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation developed severe gastrointestinal symptoms, one during the peri-transplantation period and the other several months post-transplantation and following documented intestinal graft-versus-host disease. after detection of giardia lamblia trophozoites in a stool specimen from one patient and a duodenal aspirate from the other, treatment with metronidazole was administered and all symptoms resolved. giardiasis should be considered in transplant pati ... | 1989 | 2819289 |
| prevalence of enteric pathogens in homosexual men with and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we studied 388 homosexual or bisexual men from the baltimore-washington area to define the spectrum of enteric pathogen carriage in a population at high risk for "gay bowel syndrome" in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection. seventy-seven patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 68 gay men with symptoms of acute diarrhea or proctitis, and 243 gay men without gastrointestinal symptoms and participating in a natural history study of human immunodeficiency virus infection ... | 1988 | 2831107 |
| the giardia lamblia trophozoite contains sets of closely related chromosomes. | size variations in homologous chromosomes from six giardia lamblia isolates have been demonstrated. four or five intensely stained (major) bands as well as a variable number of lightly stained (minor) bands are present in pulsed field gradient separations. southern blot analysis with total chromosomal dna as well as chromosome specific probes indicates that each minor band cross-hybridizes with a major band. minor bands of doubly cloned organisms appear identical to those of parent clones, indic ... | 1988 | 2837738 |
| investigation of human stool samples from the cape verde islands (district santa cruz/santiago). | based on the rate of occurrence of diseases associated with diarrhoea, stool samples were also investigated; parasitologically, using the mifc-enrichment method for intestinal parasites; serologically, using elisa for rotavirus and bacteriologically for shigella and salmonella on the cape verde islands. 90% of the samples came from children aged between 6 and 14 years. entamoeba histolytica, the causal agent of amoebic dysentery was demonstrated in 17.4%, lamblia intestinalis in 28.7% and rotavi ... | 1988 | 2844628 |
| faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in santiago, chile. | faecal excretion of enteropathogens was studied in newborns in their first week of life. rotavirus was investigated in 225 neonates, of whom 107 belonged to the low socio-economic stratum (ses) and 118 to the high ses. half of each group were delivered by caesarean section. rotavirus was detected in 10 infants (4.4%). eight of them had been in the same ward and excreted the same viral electrophoretype. enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 8 out of 57 (14.0%) newborns. positive cultures w ... | 1988 | 2846331 |
| analogs of 5-methylthioribose, a novel class of antiprotozoal agents. | since drug resistance and toxicity limit the use of available antiprotozoal agents, it is important that new drugs be developed as soon as possible. in this study, the method by which several protozoa degrade 5'-methylthioadenosine (mta) was shown to differ from mta catabolism in human cells. to exploit this metabolic difference, two analogs of methylthioribose (mtr), an mta catabolite, were synthesized and found to be cytocidal to plasmodium falciparum, giardia lamblia, and ochromonas malhamens ... | 1988 | 2854458 |
| tolerance of axenically cultured entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia to a variety of antimicrobial agents. | twelve antimicrobial agents were tested for use in axenic cultures of entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia. ten did not inhibit parasite growth at concentrations of at least two-fold above the effective antibacterial or antifungal levels. we have found the combination of piperacillin (500 micrograms/ml) plus amikacin (125 micrograms/ml) to be useful in axenization of a new strain of e. histolytica, eradication of multiply drug-resistant contaminants in cultures and prevention of bacterial g ... | 1985 | 2859675 |
| prospective study of acquisition of cryptosporidium, giardia lamblia, and gastrointestinal illness. | | 1985 | 2863502 |
| elisa detection of giardia lamblia. | | 1985 | 2865584 |
| amebic infections in asymptomatic homosexual men, lack of evidence of invasive disease. | a survey for enteric infections in 140 asymptomatic homosexual men who attended a community clinic revealed a high prevalence of infection with entamoeba histolytica (27.1 per cent) and giardia lamblia (15.7 per cent). in contrast, the prevalence of elevated indirect hemagglutination (iha) titers (greater than or equal to 1:128), which indicate invasive amebiasis, was low (5.7 per cent). our findings suggest that only a limited amount of invasive amebic disease is occurring in this group of homo ... | 1986 | 2874747 |
| [enteropathogens in travellers returning from the tropics]. | diarrhea is not only the most common health hazard during travel in the tropics but also the most frequent condition which prompts returning travellers to see a physician. the prevalence of bacterial and parasitic enteropathogens in people attending our outpatient department after returning from the tropics has been studied and the laboratory results of stool examinations have been compared with clinical symptoms. of the 173 persons enrolled, 19 (11%) harboured bacterial pathogens and pathogenic ... | 1986 | 2875520 |