| optical and potentiometric study of the b- and c-type cytochromes in mushroom agaricus bisporus lge mitochondria. | differential spectrometry revealed two species for the b-type, as well as for the c-type, cytochromes in mitochondria from agaricus bisporus lge. the two b-type components are denoted according to their peak position in the alpha region at room temperature, i.e. b(560) and b(566). the b(556) component present in all the studied higher plant mitochondria was not detected in the system. at 293 k, the c-type cytochromes exhibit a common alpha band with a maximum at 550 nanometers. this band is spli ... | 1981 | 16661975 |
| description of a novel panallergen of cross-reactivity between moulds and foods. | the present investigation is undertaken to demonstrate a novel cross-reactivity between aeroallergens (moulds fungi imperfecti) and allergens from foods (spinach and mushroom agaricus bisporus). we have performed a dual study in vivo and in vitro, in a population of atopic patients. data from in vivo tests performed with spinach and mushroom have been statistically analysed. to the in vitro assays, mushroom and spinach extracts have been obtained, and sera from moulds allergic patients analysed ... | 2006 | 16698676 |
| direct immobilization of tyrosinase enzyme from natural mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) on d-sorbitol cinnamic ester. | mushroom tyrosinase was immobilized from an extract onto the totally cinnamoylated derivative of d-sorbitol by direct adsorption as a result of the intense hydrophobic interactions that took place. the immobilization ph value and mass of lyophilized mushrooms were important parameters that affected the immobilization efficiency, while the immobilization time and immobilization support concentration were not important in this respect. the extracted/immobilized enzyme could best be measured above ... | 2006 | 16730834 |
| residue evaluation of famoxadone and trifloxystrobin in cultivated mushrooms. | dissipation of the fungicides famoxadone and trifloxystrobin in basidiocarps of agaricus bisporus was studied in mushroom growing rooms. the mushroom samples taken at all three consecutive production flushes following single or split applications of the fungicides were extracted with solvents and the residues were determined by using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (gc-ecd). recoveries from the fortified control samples ranged from 87 to 105%. following drench appl ... | 2006 | 16785167 |
| synthesis of double-stranded rna in a virus-enriched fraction from agaricus bisporus. | partially purified virus preparations from sporophores of agaricus bisporus affected with lafrance disease had up to a 15-fold-higher rna-dependent rna polymerase activity than did comparable preparations from healthy sporophores. enzyme activity was dependent upon the presence of mg(2+) and the four nucleoside triphosphates and was insensitive to actinomycin d, alpha-amanitin, and rifampin. the (3)h-labeled enzyme reaction products were double-stranded rna (dsrna) as indicated by cf-11 cellulos ... | 1986 | 16789256 |
| evidence that agaricus bisporus agglutinin (aba) has dual sugar-binding specificity. | agaricus bisporus agglutinin (aba) is known as a useful lectin to detect t-antigen (core1) disaccharide (galbeta1-3galnacalpha) and related o-linked glycans. however, a recent x-ray crystallographic study revealed the presence of another intrinsic sugar-binding site, i.e., for glcnac. to confirm this possibility, detailed analysis was performed using two advanced methods: lectin microarray and frontal affinity chromatography (fac). in the lectin microarray, intense signals were observed on aba s ... | 2006 | 16824489 |
| rate of iodine volatilization and accumulation by filamentous fungi through laboratory cultures. | five strains of basidiomycetes (lentinula edodes, coprinus phlyctidosporus, hebeloma vinosophyllum, pleurotus ostreatus and agaricus bisporus), one strain of ascomycete (hormoconis resinae) and six strains of imperfect fungi (penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium roquefortii, cladosporium cladosporioides, alternaria alternata, aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae) were cultured in a liquid medium containing a radioactive iodine tracer ((125)i), and were tested for their abilities to volatiliz ... | 2006 | 16828143 |
| residue evaluation of the azole fungicides prochloraz and tebuconazole in the white mushroom agaricus bisporus. | | 2006 | 16832768 |
| plant tissue-based chemiluminescence biosensor for ethanol. | a plant tissue-based chemiluminescence biosensor for ethanol based on using mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tissue as the recognition element is proposed in this paper. the principle for ethanol sensing relies on the luminol-potassium hexacyanoferrate(iii)-hydrogen peroxide transducer reaction, in which hydrogen peroxide is produced from the ethanol enzymatic catalytic oxidation by oxygen under the catalysis of alcohol oxidase in the tissue column. under optimum conditions, the method allowed the m ... | 2006 | 16837747 |
| nutritional attributes of agaricus bisporus and pleurotus sajor caju mushrooms. | agaricus bisporus and pleurotus sajor caju mushrooms were procured from the department of plant pathology, ccs haryana agricultural university, hisar (india) and analysed for various nutritional attributes. the fat and ash content were significantly higher in agaricus bisporus, whereas, crude fibre and crude protein contents were significantly higher in pleurotus sajor caju. total and protein nitrogen was significantly higher in pleurotus sajor caju than agaricus bisporus mushroom as a result it ... | 2006 | 16859180 |
| functional expression of the green fluorescent protein in the ectomycorrhizal model fungus hebeloma cylindrosporum. | hebeloma cylindrosporum is a model fungus for mycorrhizal studies because of its fast growth rate, simple nutritional requirements, and completion of its life cycle in vitro, and because it is amenable to transformation. to advance cell biological research during establishment of symbiosis, a tool that would enable the direct visualisation of fusion proteins in the different symbiotic tissues [namely, the expression of reporter genes such as green fluorescent protein (gfp)] was still a missing t ... | 2006 | 16912848 |
| white button mushroom food hypersensitivity in a child. | we reported a child with anaphylaxis to edible white button mushroom, a disorder not previously described. | 2006 | 16925545 |
| tyrosinase-catalyzed grafting of sericin peptides onto chitosan and production of protein-polysaccharide bioconjugates. | the capability of agaricus bisporus tyrosinase to catalyze the oxidation of tyrosine residues of silk sericin was studied under homogeneous reaction conditions, by using sericin peptides purified from industrial wastewater as the substrate. tyrosinase was able to oxidize about 57% of sericin-bound tyrosine residues. the reaction rate was higher than with silk fibroin, but lower than with other silk-derived model peptides, i.e. tryptic and chymotryptic soluble peptide fractions of silk fibroin, s ... | 2007 | 16934898 |
| the effect of some osmolytes on the activity and stability of mushroom tyrosinase. | the thermodynamical stability and remained activity of mushroom tyrosinase (mt) from agaricus bisporus in 10 mm phosphate buffer, ph 6.8, stored at two temperatures of 4 and 40 degrees c were investigated in the presence of three different amino acids (his, phe and asp) and also trehalose as osmolytes, for comparing with the results obtained in the absence of any additive. kinetics of inactivation obey the first order law. inactivation rate constant (kinact) value is the best parameter describin ... | 2006 | 17006018 |
| biological characterization of white line-inducing principle (wlip) produced by pseudomonas reactans ncppb1311. | the biological activities of the lipodepsipeptides (ldp) white line-inducing principle (wlip), produced by pseudomonas reactans ncppb1311, and tolaasin i, produced by r tolaasii ncppb2192, were compared. antimicrobial assays showed that both ldp inhibited the growth of fungi-including the cultivated mushrooms agaricus bisporus, lentinus edodes, and pleurotus spp.--chromista, and gram-positive bacteria. assays of the two ldp on blocks of agaricus bisporus showed their capacity to alter the mushro ... | 2006 | 17022175 |
| mushroom (agaricus bisporus). | we have devised an easy and effective genetic transformation method for the preeminent edible mushroom, agaricus bisporus. our method exploits the t-dna transfer mechanism in agrobacterium tumefaciens and relies on the reproductive fruiting body as the recipient tissue. the use of fruiting body explants, particularly the gill, provided high-frequency transformation, overcoming the inefficacy of agrobacterium-based methods targeting fungal spores or vegetative mycelium. the protocol entails incub ... | 2006 | 17033085 |
| the liverwort marchantia polymorpha expresses orthologs of the fungal agaricus bisporus agglutinin family. | a lectin different from the previously described mannose-binding agglutinins has been isolated from the liverwort marchantia polymorpha. biochemical characterization of the purified lectin combined with the data from earlier transcriptome analyses demonstrated that the novel m. polymorpha agglutinin is not related to any of the known plant lectin families, but closely resembles the agaricus bisporus-type lectins, which hitherto have been found exclusively in fungi. immunolocalization studies con ... | 2007 | 17041032 |
| chitinase production during interaction of trichoderma aggressivum and agaricus bisporus. | the competitor fungus trichoderma aggressivum causes green mould disease, a potentially devastating problem of the commercial mushroom agaricus bisporus. due to the recent appearance of this problem, very little is known about the mechanisms by which t. aggressivum interacts with and inhibits a. bisporus. a mechanism generally used by trichoderma species in the antagonism of other fungi is the secretion of cell wall degrading enzymes. in this study, we determined the activities of chitinases pro ... | 2006 | 17110964 |
| inhibitory effects of phloridzin dihydrate on the activity of mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase. | the inhibitory effects of phloridzin dihydrate on the activity of mushroom tyrosinase have been studied. the results show that phloridzin can inhibit the diphenolase activity of the enzyme and the inhibition displays to be reversible. the ic(50) value was estimated as 110microm. the kinetic analysis showed that the inhibition of phloridzin on the diphenolase activity of the enzyme is of competitive type, and the inhibition constant (k(i)) was determined to be 64.3microm. the inhibitory effects o ... | 2007 | 17169565 |
| anti-aromatase activity of phytochemicals in white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporus). | white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporous) are a potential breast cancer chemopreventive agent, as they suppress aromatase activity and estrogen biosynthesis. therefore, we evaluated the activity of mushroom extracts in the estrogen receptor-positive/aromatase-positive mcf-7aro cell line in vitro and in vivo. mushroom extract decreased testosterone-induced cell proliferation in mcf-7aro cells but had no effect on mcf-10a, a nontumorigenic cell line. most potent mushroom chemicals are soluble in ... | 2006 | 17178902 |
| differential effect of agaricus host species on the population development of megaselia halterata (diptera: phoridae). | twelve isolates from the genus agaricus (fungi, basidiomycota) were investigated for their ability to support development of the phorid fly, megaselia halterata (wood), which is an important pest of the commercial white button mushroom agaricus bisporus. combined effects of oviposition of adult female m. halterata and larval development in mushroom compost inoculated with agaricus mycelium were determined using bioassays. the numbers of m. halterata offspring that developed were affected by the ... | 2006 | 17201974 |
| tyrosinase extract from agaricus bisporus mushroom and its in natura tissue for specific phenol removal. | phenols are toxic pollutants found in industrial wastes imposing several risks to human health. tyrosinase (ec 1.14.18.1) is an oxygenase oxyreductase found in several life forms, like the mushroom agaricus bisporus. this enzyme is readily available from this fungal tissue leading to high activity extracts without extensive purification, thus suggesting its potential as a biocatalyst for applications involving biomodification of phenols or bioremediation of phenol-polluted waters. the purpose of ... | 2006 | 17203602 |
| karyological evidence for meiosis in the three different types of life cycles existing in agaricus bisporus. | in agaricus bisporus all cytological studies performed until now concerned the pseudohomothallic and bisporic var. bisporus. in the past 12 y two tetrasporic varieties have been described, the heterothallic var. burnettii and the homothallic var. eurotetrasporus. our aim was to compare the behavior of the nuclei in the vegetative and reproductive cells of the three varieties with light microscopy (feulgen and dapi staining) and transmission electron microscopy. most of the vegetative cells conta ... | 2006 | 17256579 |
| pangola grass colonized with scytalidium thermophilum for production of agaricus bisporus. | this work had the dual objective of selecting a substrate for rapid mycelial growth of scytalidium thermophilum and then comparing the growth and production of a brown variety of agaricus bisporus on substrate non-colonized and colonized with s. thermophilum. mycelial growth of s. thermophilum at 45 degrees c was significantly greater on potato dextrose yeast extract agar (0.58 mm/h) as compared to malt extract glucose agar (0.24 mm/h) and yeast extract glucose agar (0.44 mm/h). on cereal grain, ... | 2008 | 17331714 |
| biosorption of copper(ii), lead(ii), iron(iii) and cobalt(ii) on bacillus sphaericus-loaded diaion sp-850 resin. | the biosorption of copper(ii), lead(ii), iron(iii) and cobalt(ii) on bacillus sphaericus-loaded diaion sp-850 resin for preconcentration-separation of them have been investigated. the sorbed analytes on biosorbent were eluted by using 1 mol l(-1) hcl and analytes were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. the influences of analytical parameters including amounts of ph, b. sphaericus, sample volume etc. on the quantitative recoveries of analytes were investigated. the effects of alk ... | 2007 | 17386450 |
| structural basis for the carbohydrate recognition of the sclerotium rolfsii lectin. | the crystal structure of a novel fungal lectin from sclerotium rolfsii (srl) in its free form and in complex with n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (galnac) and n-acetyl- d -glucosamine (glcnac) has been determined at 1.1 a, 2.0 a, and 1.7 a resolution, respectively. the protein structure is composed of two beta-sheets, which consist of four and six beta-strands, connected by two alpha-helices. sequence and structural comparisons reveal that srl is the third member of a newly identified family of fungal ... | 2007 | 17391699 |
| free radical generation during the activation of hemolymph prepared from the homopteran dactylopius coccus. | superoxide anion (o(-) (2)) and nitric oxide (no) generation in dactylopius coccus hemolymph obtained by perfusion and activated with zymosan was studied. activated hemolymph reduced 3-[4,5 dimethylthiazolil-2]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. this reduction was prevented by superoxide dismutase (sod) indicating o(-) (2) generation. this activity was dependent on temperature, and hemolymph incubated at 75 degrees c lost its activity. chromatocytes incubated with zymosan released their content a ... | 2007 | 17427930 |
| investigating microbial activities in compost using mushroom (agaricus bisporus) cultivation as an experimental system. | investigations into the dynamic nature of composting environments are necessary to understand and ultimately optimise the complex processes that occur. in this study, various parameters were measured to investigate physical, chemical and biological changes that occur in compost during the production of agaricus bisporus. in addition to monitoring the compost samples during mushroom cultivation, uninoculated samples were maintained for comparative purposes. principal components analysis of the va ... | 2008 | 17478092 |
| the enigma of double-stranded rna (dsrna) associated with mushroom virus x (mvx). | new variants of pathogenic fungal viruses are emerging and they are enigmatic in revealing their molecular identity and of their origin. double-stranded rnas, some in non-encapsidated forms are increasingly becoming causal agents for sporadic diseases and are consistently associated with a complex profile of dsrnas, presumably of (multiple) viral origin present in the host while the same are conspicuously absent in healthy (looking) counterparts. the emergence of an unusual agaricus bisporus mus ... | 2007 | 17489438 |
| effect of the addition of nitrogen sources to cassava fiber and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios on agaricus brasiliensis growth. | the same substratum formulation to grow agaricus bisporus has been used to grow agaricus brasiliensis since its culture started in brazil. despite being different species, many of the same rules have been used for composting or axenic cultivation when it comes to nitrogen content and source in the substrate. the aim of this study was to verify the mycelial growth of a. brasiliensis in different ammonium sulfate and (or) urea concentrations added to cassava fiber and different carbon-to-nitrogen ... | 2007 | 17496959 |
| argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase: two ornithine cycle enzymes from agaricus bisporus. | accumulation of high quantities of urea in fruiting bodies is a known feature of larger basidiomycetes. argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) and argininosuccinate lyase (asl) are two ornithine cycle enzymes catalysing the last two steps in the arginine biosynthetic pathway. arginine is the main precursor for urea formation. in this work the nucleotide sequences of the genes and corresponding cdnas encoding argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) and argininosuccinate lyase (asl) from agaricus bisporus ... | 2007 | 17512708 |
| dietary supplementation with white button mushroom enhances natural killer cell activity in c57bl/6 mice. | mushrooms are reported to possess antitumor, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. these effects of mushrooms are suggested to be due to their ability to modulate immune cell functions. however, a majority of these studies evaluated the effect of administering extracts of exotic mushrooms through parental routes, whereas little is known about the immunological effect of a dietary intake of white button mushrooms, which represent 90% of mushrooms consumed in the u.s. in this study, we fed c57b ... | 2007 | 17513409 |
| steric analysis of 8-hydroxy- and 10-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids and dihydroxyoctadecadienoic acids formed from 8r-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid by hydroperoxide isomerases. | 8-hydroxyoctadeca-9z,12z-dienoic acid (8-hode) and 10-hydroxyoctadeca-8e,12z-octadecadienoic acid (10-hode) are produced by fungi, e.g., 8r-hode by gaeumannomyces graminis (take-all of wheat) and aspergillus nidulans, 10s-hode by lentinula edodes, and 10r-hode by epichloe typhina. racemic [8-(2)h]8-hode and [10-(2)h]10-hode were prepared by oxidation of 8- and 10-hode to keto fatty acids by dess-martin periodinane followed by reduction to hydroxy fatty acids with nab(2)h(4). the hydroxy fatty ac ... | 2007 | 17553451 |
| comparison of the characteristics of fungal and plant tyrosinases. | enzymatic crosslinking provides valuable means for modifying functionality and structural properties of different polymers. tyrosinases catalyze the hydroxylation of various monophenols to the corresponding o-diphenols, and the subsequent oxidation of o-diphenols to the corresponding quinones, which are highly reactive and can further undergo non-enzymatic reactions to produce mixed melanins and heterogeneous polymers. tyrosinases are also capable of oxidizing protein- and peptide-bound tyrosyl ... | 2007 | 17602775 |
| the role of ornithine aminotransferase in fruiting body formation of the mushroom agaricus bisporus. | the complete oat gene and cdna from the commercial mushroom, agaricus bisporus, encoding ornithine aminotransferase (oat) was characterized. the gene encodes a 466 amino acid protein and provides the first fully reported homobasidiomycete oat protein sequence. the gene is interrupted by ten introns, and no mitochondrial targeting motif was present pointing to a cytoplasmic localization. the function of the gene was demonstrated by complementation of a saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant unable to ut ... | 2007 | 17703933 |
| the influence of spawn type and strain on yield, size and mushroom solids content of agaricus bisporus produced on non-composted and spent mushroom compost. | two crops of agaricus bisporus (j. lange) imbach were grown on mixtures of non-composted substrate (ncs)/spent mushroom compost (smc) or pasteurized phase ii compost (control). ncs consisted of oak sawdust (28% oven dry wt), millet (29%), rye (8%), peat (8%), ground alfalfa (4%), ground soybean (4%), wheat bran (9%), and caco3 (10%). substrates included 25/75 ncs/smc, 50/50 ncs/smc, and 75/25 ncs/smc, ncs and phase ii compost. spawn types and strains were evaluated for their effects on yield, bi ... | 2008 | 17761414 |
| a biosorption system for metal ions on penicillium italicum-loaded on sepabeads sp 70 prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. | a solid phase extraction (spe) preconcentration system, coupled to a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (faas), was developed for the determination of copper(ii), cadmium(ii), lead(ii), manganese(ii), iron(iii), nickel(ii) and cobalt(ii) ions at the microg l(-1) levels on penicillium italicum-loaded on sepabeads sp 70. the analytes were adsorbed on biosorbent at the ph range of 8.5-9.5. the adsorbed metals were eluted with 1 mol l(-1) hcl. the influences of the various analytical parameters in ... | 2008 | 17825983 |
| genetically closely related but phenotypically divergent trichoderma species cause green mold disease in oyster mushroom farms worldwide. | the worldwide commercial production of the oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus is currently threatened by massive attacks of green mold disease. using an integrated approach to species recognition comprising analyses of morphological and physiological characters and application of the genealogical concordance of multiple phylogenetic markers (internal transcribed spacer 1 [its1] and its2 sequences; partial sequences of tef1 and chi18-5), we determined that the causal agents of this disease were ... | 2007 | 17827333 |
| variation induced by uranium nitrate in corn smut and the cultivated mushroom. | | 1948 | 17830642 |
| lignin as a nutrient for the cultivated mushroom, agaricus campestris. | | 1931 | 17836040 |
| thermal requirement for development of sancassania rodionovi (acari: acaridae) on mushrooms. | the free-living mite species sancassania rodionovi (zachvatkin) (acari: acaridae), is a serious pest of mushrooms in iran. studies were conducted to examine the development of this mite in relation to temperature on two mushroom species: agaricus bisporus lange (button mushroom) and pleurotus ostreatus kummer (oyster mushroom). the developmental time of this acarid mite was studied at eight constant temperatures, ranging from 5 to 40 degrees c, and developmental rates were modeled as a function ... | 2007 | 17849857 |
| studies on the deodorization by mushroom (agaricus bisporus) extract of garlic extract-induced oral malodor. | the deodorizing effect of the mushroom (agaricus bisporus) extract on the malodor produced after garlic consumption was investigated using an electronic sensor and sensory evaluation measurements. comparative gas chromatography analysis revealed that the quantity of methane- and allylthiols that were usually found after garlic solution rinse, significantly fell after mushroom extract rinsing. furthermore, in-vitro analysis (mixing the garlic solution and mushroom extract) showed that the methane ... | 2007 | 17874834 |
| uses of plant lectins in bioscience and biomedicine. | new research directions in the last decade have led to major developments in the uses of plant lectins in bioscience and biomedicine. major advances have been made in our understanding how lectins in the diet can act on the gastrointestinal tract and the physiological consequences of their actions, and how they can modulate body- and organ metabolism, the immune system and the gut microflora. particularly striking progress has been made in unravelling the effects, often beneficial, of both orall ... | 2008 | 17981618 |
| arsenic speciation analysis of cultivated white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) using high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. | agaricus bisporus mushrooms were grown in compost amended with either arsenic-contaminated mine waste or an arsenate solution, to a final concentration of approximately 200 microg g(-1). fungi were cultivated at a small-scale mushroom facility in vineland (on), where the controlled environment allowed for a large number of fruiting bodies (mushrooms) to be produced. the total arsenic concentrations as well as speciation were examined for each treatment over several harvests (breaks). total conce ... | 2007 | 17993133 |
| effects of gas atmosphere and temperature on the respiration rates of whole and sliced mushrooms (agaricus bisporus)--implications for film permeability in modified atmosphere packages. | an open flowthrough respirometer was used to determine the respiration rates of whole and sliced mushrooms as a function of o2, co2, and storage temperature. respiration rates were measured under the following o2 concentrations: 20, 15, 10, 5, and 2% at 5 temperatures (4, 8, 10, 13, and 16 degrees c). the effects of 5 co2 concentrations (0, 2, 5, 10, 15%) at two o2 levels (2 and 20%) were also examined at these temperatures. mushroom respiration increased with temperature following an arrhenius- ... | 2007 | 17995772 |
| oxidation of peptides and proteins by trichoderma reesei and agaricus bisporus tyrosinases. | the capability of a novel tyrosinase from trichoderma reesei (trtyr) to catalyse the oxidation and oxidative cross-linking of l-tyrosine (l-y) and tyrosine side-chains in gyg and egvyvhpv peptides, in bovine serum albumin (bsa) and beta-casein proteins as well as in proteinaceous wool fibres was studied by oxygen consumption measurement, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc), matrix assisted laser deso ... | 2008 | 18054403 |
| aspergillus mycoviruses are targets and suppressors of rna silencing. | rna silencing can function as a virus defense mechanism in a diverse range of eukaryotes, and many viruses are capable of suppressing the silencing machinery targeting them. however, the extent to which this occurs between fungal rna silencing and mycoviruses is unclear. here, three aspergillus dsrna mycoviruses were partially characterized, and their relationship to rna silencing was investigated. aspergillus virus 1816 is related to agaricus bisporus white button mushroom virus 1 and suppresse ... | 2008 | 18065651 |
| [biochemical aspects of basidiospore maturation in agaricus bisporus at various temperatures]. | phosphatidylethanolamine is the main phospholipid of agaricus bisporus basidiospores obtained under sterile conditions from young basidiomes with closed partial veils. storing the basidiospores for five months at room temperature resulted in a complete loss of their germinating capacity. conversely, storing them at a low temperature increased their germination rate by 15-20%. at both temperature levels, the phosphatidylcholine ratio significantly increased during storage to the level found in ma ... | 2007 | 18069322 |
| biosorption of cr (vi) from aqueous solutions by biomass of agaricus bisporus. | in this study, biosorption of cr (vi) ion was investigated by using biomass of agaricus bisporus (a species of mushroom) in a temperature and shaking speed controlled shaker. the effect of shaking speed, biomass concentration, initial metal ion concentration and initial ph on biosorption yield was determined and the fitness of biosorption data for freundlich and langmuir adsorption models was investigated. optimum biosorption conditions were found to be ph 1, c0=50 mg/l, m=10 g/l, shaking speed= ... | 2008 | 18078714 |
| two biosensors for phenolic compounds based on mushroom (agaricus bisporus) homogenate: comparison in terms of some important parameters of the biosensors. | interest in molecular imprinted polymer techniques has increased because they allows for the improvement of some stability characteristics of enzymes. the high stability of molecularly imprinted enzymes for a substrate can make them ideal alternatives as recognition elements for sensors. a bioimprinted mushroom tissue homogenate biosensor was constructed in a very simple way. for this purpose, sulfite was used. the enzyme, polyphenol oxidase, was first complexed by using a competitive inhibitor, ... | 2008 | 18080910 |
| a squalene epoxidase is involved in biosynthesis of both the antitumor compound clavaric acid and sterols in the basidiomycete h. sublateritium. | the basidiomycete hypholoma sublateritium produces the triterpenoid antitumor clavaric acid, an inhibitor of the human ras-farnesyl transferase. the h. sublateritium squalene epoxidase gene (erg1) has been cloned and shown to encode a flavoprotein monooxygenase that requires fad, nadph, and p450 cofactors. silencing of the erg1 gene in h. sublateritium using constructions expressed from the gdh promoter of agaricus bisporus showed that the squalene epoxidase is involved in clavaric acid formatio ... | 2007 | 18096502 |
| [agaritine and phenylhydrazine derivatives in agaricus bisporus and agaricus blazei murrill]. | | 2007 | 18203508 |
| white button mushroom enhances maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and their antigen presenting function in mice. | mushrooms have been shown to enhance immune response, which contributes to their antitumor property. white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) (wbm) constitute 90% of the total mushrooms consumed in the united states; however, the health benefit of this strain in general is not well studied. furthermore, little is known about wbm's immunologic effects. dendritic cells (dc) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and play a pivotal role in immune response by linking innate and adaptive immu ... | 2008 | 18287364 |
| lectotypification of agaricus brunnescens. | agaricus brunnescens peck sometimes is synonymized with a. bisporus (j. e. lange) imbach, the cultivated button mushroom. however this relationship has not been accepted universally or unreservedly. for various reasons a. bisporus is the more commonly used name. this study demonstrated that a. brunnescens is based on a heterogeneous type, as suggested by elements of the type description, correspondence at nys and a lack of consensus among studies of the type. dna sequence analysis indicated that ... | 2007 | 18333514 |
| study of the biosynthesis of 1-octen-3-ol using a crude homogenate of agaricus bisporus in a bioreactor. | 1-octen-3-ol and 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid are metabolites of the breakdown of linoleic acid (la) by mushroom enzymes. these compounds can be produced in a bioreactor using a crude mushroom homogenate and the exogenous addition of la and oxygen. the factors' duration of blending, mushroom-buffer ratio, effect of a surfactant, whole against partially clarified reaction broths, purity of la, and utilization of stumps instead of whole mushrooms were studied for their effect on reaction yield usi ... | 2008 | 18387089 |
| effect of uv-b exposure on the concentration of vitamin d2 in sliced shiitake mushroom (lentinus edodes) and white button mushroom (agaricus bisporus). | the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of uv-b on vitamin d 2 concentration in shiitake mushrooms and in white button mushrooms. after the exposure to uv-b, at a dose of 25 kj/m(2), the concentration of vitamin d(2) was increased to 36.7 +/- 1.4, 68.6 +/- 4.9, and 106.4 +/- 14.7 microg/g (dry weight) for pileus, middle, and gill parts of shiitake mushroom, respectively. the gill side of whole shiitake mushrooms exposed to 0, 25, 50, and 75 kj/m(2) increased to 2.8 +/- 0.2, 13.8 +/- ... | 2008 | 18442245 |
| hydrolytic and ligninolytic enzyme activities in the pb contaminated soil inoculated with litter-decomposing fungi. | the impact of pb contamination was tested to five hydrolytic (beta-glucosidase, beta-xylosidase, beta-cellobiosidase, alpha-glucosidase and sulphatase) and two ligninolytic (manganese peroxidase, mnp and laccase) enzyme activities in the humus layer in the forest soil. the ability of eight selected litter-degrading fungi to grow and produce extracellular enzymes in the heavily pb (40 g pb of kg ww soil(-1)) contaminated and non-contaminated soil in the non-sterile conditions was also studied. th ... | 2008 | 18499227 |
| hairpin-mediated down-regulation of the urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase in agaricus bisporus. | a double-stranded (ds) rna hairpin-mediated down-regulation system was developed for the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus, and the role of the urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase (asl) in mushroom post-harvest development was investigated. hairpin expression vectors were constructed to initiate down-regulation of asl and introduced into a. bisporus by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. transcripts of asl were significantly reduced (93.1 and 99.9%) in two transformants ... | 2008 | 18499425 |
| enzyme, protein, carbohydrate, and phenolic contaminants in commercial tyrosinase preparations: potential problems affecting tyrosinase activity and inhibition studies. | commercial mushroom tyrosinase contains other proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, and phenolic material besides tyrosinase. carbohydrate and phenolic material comprise a large percentage of the powder resuspensions derived from agaricus bisporus. enzyme assays identified the presence of tyrosinase, laccase, beta-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-xylosidase, cellulase, chitinase, xylanase, and mannanase in the commercial tyrosinase. protein sequencing indicated the presence of tyrosinase, a lec ... | 2008 | 18500813 |
| effect of the fungal pathogen verticillium fungicola on fruiting initiation of its host, agaricus bisporus. | dry bubble disease caused by the fungal pathogen verticillium fungicola is responsible for large losses to the mushroom (agaricus bisporus) industry. the pathogen induces various symptoms on the host, bubbles (undifferentiated spherical masses), bent and/or split stipes (blowout) and spotty caps. inoculation of a. bisporus crops with isolates of v. fungicola var. fungicola of various degrees of aggressiveness showed that the more aggressive isolates induced higher numbers of bubbles. the product ... | 2008 | 18501577 |
| role of plants in the vegetative and reproductive growth of saprobic basidiomycetous ground fungi. | non-symbiotic microorganisms engineered or expensively selected to degrade xenobiotic hydrocarbons or modify heavy-metal uptake of plants in soil remediations die back after their introduction into the target soils. mycelia of saprobic basidiomycetes were therefore inoculated into soil samples of 1 l in glass vessels to record mycelial growth and reproduction in the immediate rhizosphere of up to 11 herbaceous plant species, or to study their responses to the separate volatiles from whole plant ... | 2008 | 18506502 |
| vitamin d2 formation from post-harvest uv-b treatment of mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) and retention during storage. | the objectives of this research were to study the effects of high intensity (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mw/cm (2)), dose (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 j/cm (2)), and postharvest time (1 and 4 days) on the vitamin d 2 formation in portabella mushrooms ( agaricus bisporus) as a result of uv-b exposure, as well as the vitamin d 2 degradation in treated mushrooms during storage. within each intensity application, dose had the largest effect where more exposure converted more vitamin d 2 from ergosterol. similar dose a ... | 2008 | 18522400 |
| activity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase in organic medium. | a kinetic study of the activity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase in an organic system was carried out to obtain detailed enzyme kinetic data in relation to optimization of reaction conditions and substrate specificity. a simple method for consistent measurement of reaction rates in the heterogeneous enzyme/organic solvent system (consisting of immobilized polyphenol oxidase and a hydrated solution of the substrate in chloroform) was designed. the aqueous content of the system was optimized using p ... | 1993 | 18613142 |
| phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities of edible and medicinal mushrooms from korea. | a study was conducted to determine the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidative activity of five edible and five medicinal mushrooms commonly cultivated in korea. phenolic compounds were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography, and antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase activity. a total of 28 phenolic compounds were detected in the mushrooms studied. the average total concentration of phen ... | 2008 | 18616260 |
| purification and partial characterization of a bacilliform virus from agaricus bisporus: a single-stranded rna mycovirus. | a bacilliform virus from the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus, has been extensively purified and shown to be a unique mycovirus in that the genome is single-stranded (ss) rna. the purification procedure entailed extraction at ph 6, followed by polyethylene glycol-nacl precipitation, and differential, rate-zonal, and equilibrium centrifugation. mushroom bacilliform virus (mbv) has a buoyant density of 1.317 g/cm(3) in cs2so4, a260/a280 nm absorbance ratio of 1.67, and contains approximately ... | 1980 | 18631673 |
| statistical modelling of transcript profiles of differentially regulated genes. | the vast quantities of gene expression profiling data produced in microarray studies, and the more precise quantitative pcr, are often not statistically analysed to their full potential. previous studies have summarised gene expression profiles using simple descriptive statistics, basic analysis of variance (anova) and the clustering of genes based on simple models fitted to their expression profiles over time. we report the novel application of statistical non-linear regression modelling techni ... | 2008 | 18651954 |
| dgge and t-rflp analysis of bacterial succession during mushroom compost production and sequence-aided t-rflp profile of mature compost. | the amount of button mushroom (agaricus bisporus) harvested from compost is largely affected by the microbial processes taking place during composting and the microbes inhabiting the mature compost. in this study, the microbial changes during the stages of this specific composting process were monitored, and the dominant bacteria of the mature compost were identified to reveal the microbiological background of the favorable properties of the heat-treated phase ii mushroom compost. 16s ribosomal ... | 2009 | 18654815 |
| comparison of random amplified polymorphic dna markers and morphological characters in identification of homokaryon isolates of white button mushroom (agaricus bisporus). | the secondarily homothallic life cycle of the white button mushroom that results in scarcity of uninucleate basidiospores (homokaryons) in its progeny, is the most important impediment for genetic improvement of the commercial strains. identification of homokaryons for breeding programs of agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) is, therefore, crucial. verifying homokaryons through fruiting trial is time consuming and unreliable. in this study, ability of rapd markers, compared to morphological char ... | 2008 | 18817215 |
| anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of 2-amino-3h-phenoxazin-3-one. | accumulating evidence suggests that nitric oxide (no) and prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) are involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. during the course of a screening program to identify natural anti-inflammatory substances, we isolated the compound 2-amino-3h-phenoxazin-3-one (apo) from an extract of the edible brown mushroom agaricus bisporus imbach. apo inhibited no production by mouse peritoneal macrophages in response to the pro-inflammatory stimuli lip ... | 2008 | 18827359 |
| fungal genus hypocrea/trichoderma: from barcodes to biodiversity. | hypocrea/trichoderma is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised humans and animals, while others can cause damage to cultivated mushroom. with the recent advent of a reliable, barcode-aided identification system for all known taxa of trichoderma and hypocrea, it became now possible to study some of the biological f ... | 2008 | 18837102 |
| control of the mushroom phorid fly, megaselia halterata (wood), with plant extracts. | the most serious insect pest problems affecting the cultivation of mushroom [agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach] in turkey are mushroom flies (sciarids, cecids and phorids). mushroom phorid fly, megaselia halterata (wood), is the most common insect pest species during april-october. the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for eight botanical materials (two commercial neem-based products and six hot-water plant extracts) to control m. halterata populations in three successive growing pe ... | 2009 | 18937217 |
| green mold diseases of agaricus and pleurotus spp. are caused by related but phylogenetically different trichoderma species. | abstract producers of champignon (agaricus bisporus) and oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) are facing recent incidents of green mold epidemics in hungary. we examined 66 trichoderma strains isolated from agaricus compost and pleurotus substrate samples from three hungarian mushroom producing companies by a polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic test for t. aggressivum, sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (its1) and its2 and (selectively) of the fourth and fifth ... | 2007 | 18943294 |
| molecular phylogenetic analyses of verticillium fungicola and related species causing dry bubble disease of the cultivated button mushroom, agaricus bisporus. | abstract molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed on 40 isolates of verticillium fungicola collected from various pennsylvania mushroom farms in 1999 and 28 isolates of verticillium spp. collected during the last 50 years from various geographic locations. sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (its1 and its2) and 5.8s regions of the nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna) transcriptional unit and analysis of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) data were performed for the 68 is ... | 2001 | 18944237 |
| scytalidium thermophilum-colonized grain, corncobs and chopped wheat straw substrates for the production of agaricus bisporus. | we examined the possibility of cultivating agaricus bisporus (ab) on various grains and agricultural by-products, with the objective of improving yield capacity of substrate pre-colonized by scytalidium thermophilum (st). radial growth rate (rgr) of st at 45 degrees c ranged from no growth on sterile wheat grain to 14.9 mm/d on whole oats. the linear extension rate (ler) of ab, grown on st-colonized substrate (4 days at 45 degrees c), ranged from a low of 2.7 mm/d on 100% corncobs to 4.7 mm/d on ... | 2009 | 18954978 |
| a mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tissue homogenate based alcohol oxidase electrode for alcohol determination in serum. | to construct homogenized tissue based biosensors by using plant tissue materials is a relatively new development in the biosensor technology. in this study, a homogenized mushroom (agaricus bisporus) tissue based electrode in which alcohol oxidase activity was developed by immobilizing with gelatin and cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde at dissolved oxygen probe for determination of ethyl alcohol. the electrode response depends linearly on ethyl alcohol concentration between 0.2 and 20 mm. in th ... | 2000 | 18968136 |
| comparison of sample preparation methods based on proteolytic enzymatic processes for se-speciation of edible mushroom (agaricus bisporus) samples. | a sequential sample preparation process was developed for the speciation analysis for se-enriched edible mushroom, agaricus bisporus containing 110.2 mug of total se/g sample. five different sample extraction methods were compared and the most efficient method (a three-step process involving the use of water extraction and two proteolytic enzymes - pepsin and trypsin) proved to be the most suitable for extracting selenium, with an extraction efficiency of 75%. as the analogues of these enzymes p ... | 2001 | 18968388 |
| myo- and hepatotoxic effects of cultivated mushrooms in mice. | mushrooms are currently examined for their potential as functional foods. at the same time, novel types of mushroom intoxications, such as rhabdomyolysis after prolonged consumption, have been described in edible species. the aim of the present study was to perform an acute toxicity test to establish if the most commonly cultivated species would have myo- or hepatotoxic effects. mice (n=6/group) were exposed to 3, 6 or 9 g agaricus bisporus, lentinus edodes or pleurotus ostreatus kg body mass(-1 ... | 2009 | 18976689 |
| white button mushroom (agaricus bisporus) exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties and inhibits prostate tumor growth in athymic mice. | white button mushrooms are a widely consumed food containing phytochemicals beneficial to cancer prevention. the purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of white button mushroom extract and its major component, conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and mushroom extract in vivo. in all cell lines tested, mushroom inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis within 72 h of treatment. cla inhibited proliferation in the pr ... | 2008 | 19005974 |
| removal of furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice by edible fungi. | furanocoumarins (fcs) in the human diet irreversibly inhibit human cytochrome p450 3a4 (cyp 3a4) and are responsible for the "grapefruit/drug""interaction phenomenon. previously, we reported that fcs in grapefruit juice (gfj) bind to autoclaved aspergillus niger, and this binding reduced the gfj inhibition of cyp 3a4. however, a. niger is not an edible fungus, and thus, potentially similar binding by edible fungi was also characterized. in this study, autoclaved morchella esculenta, an edible as ... | 2008 | 19012403 |
| pleurotus ostreatus inhibits proliferation of human breast and colon cancer cells through p53-dependent as well as p53-independent pathway. | in spite of the global consumption of mushrooms, only two epidemiological studies demonstrated an inverse correlation between mushroom intake and the risk of cancer. therefore, in the present study we evaluated whether extracts from edible mushrooms agaricus bisporus (portabella), flammulina velutipes (enoki), lentinula edodes (shiitake) and pleurotus ostreatus (oyster) affect the growth of breast and colon cancer cells. here, we identified as the most potent, p. ostreatus (oyster mushroom) whic ... | 2008 | 19020765 |
| production of o-diphenols by immobilized mushroom tyrosinase. | the o-diphenols 4-tert-butyl-catechol, 4-methyl-catechol, 4-methoxy-catechol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were produced from the corresponding monophenols (4-tert-butyl-phenol, 4-methyl-phenol, 4-methoxy-phenol, p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) using immobilized mushroom tyrosinase from agaricus bisporus. in all cases the yield was r(diphenol)> or =88-96%, which, according to the literature, is the highest yield so far, obtain ... | 2009 | 19047003 |
| characterization of serine proteinase expression in agaricus bisporus and coprinopsis cinerea by using green fluorescent protein and the a. bisporus spr1 promoter. | the agaricus bisporus serine proteinase 1 (spr1) appears to be significant in both mycelial nutrition and senescence of the fruiting body. we report on the construction of an spr promoter::green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusion cassette, pgreen_hph1_spr_gfp, for the investigation of temporal and developmental expression of spr1 in homobasidiomycetes and to determine how expression is linked to physiological and environmental stimuli. monitoring of a. bisporus pgreen_hph1_spr_gfp transformants on ... | 2009 | 19047386 |
| morphological characteristics and mycelial compatibility of different mycogone perniciosa isolates. | the major disease of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus lange (imb) in serbian mushroom farms is wet bubble caused by the fungus mycogone perniciosa (magnus) delacr. in this study we report the morpho-physiological characteristics and inter-relationships between colonies of five isolates of m. perniciosa. the results suggest that mycelial compatibility could serve as an additional parameter for a more reliable determination of different pathotypes of m. perniciosa. | 2008 | 19094026 |
| selection of trichoderma strains capable of increasing laccase production by pleurotus ostreatus and agaricus bisporus in dual cultures. | to select trichoderma strains for enhanced laccase production in pleurotus ostreatus or agaricus bisporus cultures. | 2009 | 19120619 |
| effect of compost and casing treatments of insecticides against the sciarid bradysia ocellaris (diptera: sciaridae) and on the total yield of cultivated mushrooms, agaricus bisporus. | bradysia ocellaris (comstock) is one of the major pests of cultivated mushrooms, agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach. the feeding of sciarid fly larvae causes damage to the cultivation substrates, compost and casing. a comparative study of insecticidal treatments incorporated into compost and casing against b. ocellaris was conducted during 2003-2004. treatments with an organophosphate, diazinon, a pyrazole, fipronil, and an insect growth regulator (igr), triflumuron, were incorporated into casing. ... | 2009 | 19172599 |
| lead in edible mushrooms: levels and bioaccumulation factors. | lead content was determined in 238 samples of 28 species of edible mushrooms collected from different sites in the province of lugo (nw spain) during 2005 and 2006. the hymenophore (h) and the rest of the fruiting body (rfb) were analysed separately. the analyses were carried out by an anodic stripping voltammetric technique using drop mercury as the working electrode. the highest mean lead contents (mg/kg dry weight) of 3.6 and 4.1, 3.0 and 2.2, 2.5 and 2.3, 2.4 and 2.3 were determined in copri ... | 2009 | 19217716 |
| vitamin d2 formation and bioavailability from agaricus bisporus button mushrooms treated with ultraviolet irradiation. | agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain an abundance of ergosterol, which on exposure to uv irradiation is converted to vitamin d2. the present study evaluated the effects uv-c irradiation on vitamin d2 formation and its bioavailability in rats. fresh button mushrooms were exposed to uv-c irradiation at mean intensities of 0.403, 0.316, and 0.256 mw/cm(2) from respective distances of 30, 40, and 50 cm for periods ranging from 2.5 to 60 min. vitamin d2 and ergosterol were measured by hplc-ms/ms. the ... | 2009 | 19281276 |
| biosorption of cadmium (ii) and lead (ii) from aqueous solutions using mushrooms: a comparative study. | sorption capacity of oyster mushroom (pleurotus platypus), button mushroom (agaricus bisporus) and milky mushroom (calocybe indica) were evaluated on biosorption of heavy metals, viz. cadmium (ii) and lead (ii) from aqueous solutions. the optimum sorption conditions were studied for each metal separately. the desired ph of the aqueous solution was found to be 6.0 for the removal of cadmium (ii) and 5.0 for removal of lead (ii) for all the mushrooms. the percent removal of both the metals was fou ... | 2009 | 19285798 |
| effect of an extract from saprozoic nematode-infested compost on the mycelial growth of agaricus brunnescens. | extracts from compost infested with caenorhabditis elegans suppressed mycelial growth of agaricus brunnescens. an extract from uninfested compost also inhibited mycelial growth but to a lesser degree. the critical role of compost bacteria and/or other compost micro-organisms is implicated by these results. | 1983 | 19295849 |
| influence of sporophore development, damage, storage, and tissue specificity on the enzymic formation of volatiles in mushrooms (agaricus bisporus). | the enzymic oxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acid-linoleic acid leads, in fungi, to the formation of a unique class of nonconjugated hydroperoxides, which are cleaved to form eight-carbon volatiles characteristic of mushroom and fungal flavor. however, the enzymes involved in this biosynthetic pathway, the bioavailability of the fatty acid substrate, and the occurrence of the reaction products (hydroperoxides and eight-carbon volatiles) are not fully understood. this study investigated the ... | 2009 | 19326947 |
| quantifiable downregulation of endogenous genes in agaricus bisporus mediated by expression of rna hairpins. | functional gene studies in the cultivated white button mushroom agaricus bisporus have been constrained by the absence of effective gene-silencing tools. using two endogenous genes from a. bisporus, we have tested the utility of dsrna hairpin constructs to mediate downregulation of specific genes. hairpin constructs for genes encoding orotidine 5'- monophosphate decarboxylase (ura3) and carboxin resistance (cbx) were introduced into a. bisporus using agrobacteriummediated transfection. although ... | 2009 | 19349752 |
| in vitro toxicity of selected fungicides from the groups of benzimidazoles and demethylation inhibitors to cladobotryum dendroides and agaricus bisporus. | twenty microfungal isolates were collected from diseased fruiting bodies of agaricus bisporus sampled from serbian mushroom farms during 2003-2007. based on morphological characteristics and pathogenicity tests, the isolates were identified as cladobotryum dendroides. the isolates of c. dendroides and a. bisporusf56 and u3 were tested for sensitivity to several selected fungicides in vitro. c. dendroides isolates were found to be more sensitive to prochloraz manganese and flusilazole + carbendaz ... | 2009 | 19365752 |
| spent mushroom substrates as component of growing media for germination and growth of horticultural plants. | this research work was conducted in order to investigate the possibility of using spent mushroom substrate (sms) in the production of horticultural seedlings replacing part of the peat in the growing media. three vegetable species with different salt sensitivities, the less sensitive being tomato (lycopersicon esculentum var. muchamiel), the moderately salt-sensitive being courgette (cucurbita pepo l. var. afrodite f1) and the most salt-sensitive being pepper (capsicum annum l. var. lamuyo f1) w ... | 2009 | 19409775 |
| evaluating the addition of activated carbon to heat-treated mushroom casing for grain-based and compost-based substrates. | two substrates, a non-composted grain spawn substrate and a traditional composted substrate, each covered with peat-based casing that contained varying amounts of activated carbon (ac) and each receiving different heat-treatment durations, were tested for agaricus bisporus mushroom production. the amounts of ac were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% v/v, and the heat treatments were 0, 60, and 180 min at 121 degrees c and 103.4 kpa. overall, the addition of ac up to 10-15% of casing for a grain spawn substr ... | 2009 | 19435659 |
| [bacterial communities in the phase ii of agaricus bisporus compost by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis]. | we studied the bacterial community during agaricus bisporus composting phase ii, to develop a quick and accurate method by modern molecular ecology technique for dynamic inspection on bacterial community during a. bisporus composting. | 2009 | 19445179 |
| novel microsatellite markers suitable for genetic studies in the white button mushroom agaricus bisporus. | co-dominant microsatellite molecular markers were obtained from the agaricus bisporus cultivated mushroom. their potential for both the molecular characterisation of commercial strains and the monitoring of the intraspecific genetic variation was demonstrated. the analysis of 673 unique sequences issued from public database and 59 from an enriched a. bisporus genomic library resulted in the development of a total of 33 single sequence repeat or microsatellite (ssr) markers. their usefulness for ... | 2009 | 19455324 |
| production of agaricus bisporus on substrates pre-colonized by scytalidium thermophilum and supplemented at casing with protein-rich supplements. | the objective of this study was to evaluate performance of agaricus bisporus (ab) on substrates pre-colonized by scytalidiumthermophilum (st), a thermophilic fungus known to enhance yields of ab and increase selectivity of the substrate. the radial extension rate (rer) of the mycelium of three strains of st and their influence on the growth of a brown strain of ab were evaluated. we also determined the time required for colonization of pangola grass by st in a compost pile and the influence of t ... | 2009 | 19457658 |
| effect of gamma-irradiation on agaritine, gamma-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (ghb), antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic content of mushrooms ( agaricus bisporus ). | fresh mushrooms ( agaricus bisporus ) were irradiated at doses of 1, 3, and 5 kgy to assess the effect of gamma-irradiation on the major aromatic compounds agaritine (beta-n-(gamma-l-(+)-glutamyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylhydrazine) and ghb (gamma-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene) as well as on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. up to 3 kgy, agaritine was not affected. at 5 kgy, a significant reduction (p = 0.05) from 1.54 (0 kgy) to 1.35 g/kg dry weight (dw) was observed. gamma-gluta ... | 2009 | 19499949 |
| vitamin b12 is the active corrinoid produced in cultivated white button mushrooms (agaricus bisporus). | analysis of vitamin b(12) in freshly harvested white button mushrooms ( agaricus bisporus ) from five farms was performed by affinity chromatography and hplc-esi-ms techniques. the vitamin b(12) concentrations obtained varied from farm to farm, with higher concentrations of vitamin b(12) detected in outer peel than in cap, stalk, or flesh, suggesting that the vitamin b(12) is probably bacteria-derived. high concentrations of vitamin b(12) were also detected in the flush mushrooms including cups ... | 2009 | 19552428 |
| effects of spawn, supplement and phase ii compost additions and time of re-casing second break compost on mushroom (agaricus bisporus) yield and biological efficiency. | three cropping experiments (0710, 0803 and 0805) were conducted to determine the effect of adding spawn, various levels of delayed release nutrient, and phase ii compost to 2nd break mushroom compost (2bkc) on mushroom yield and biological efficiency (be). we also investigated the effect of delaying time of re-casing non-supplemented and supplemented 2bkc on mushroom yields and bes. the addition of 14.6% spawn to nutrient-supplemented 2bkc (w.w./d.w) increased yield by 11.1% over the control (no ... | 2009 | 19559602 |