| [mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with activity of disulfide reductase and lipoxygenase in grains of durum wheat triticum aestivum l. seeds]. | activity of two enzymes of thiol-disulfide cell metabolism, lipoxygenase (lox, ec 1.13.11.12) and disulfide-reductase (tpdo, ec 1.8.4.2) was studied in recombinant inbred lines of common wheat itmi. their activity in the caryopsis may be connected with the gluten quality, one of the most important traits significant for selection. the activity of lipoxygenase under favorable and droughty environmental conditions was shown to be associated with the quantitative trait locus (qtl) located on chromo ... | 2008 | 18672799 |
| molecular characterization and genomic organization of low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes at the glu-3 loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this study, we report on the molecular characterization and genomic organization of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) gene family in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). eighty-two positive bac clones were identified to contain lmw-gs genes from the hexaploid wheat 'glenlea' bac library via filter hybridization and pcr validation. twelve unique lmw glutenin genes and seven pseudogenes were isolated from these positive bac clones by primer-template mismatch pcr and subseque ... | 2008 | 18305921 |
| evaluation of crossability between triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) and common wheat, durum wheat and rye. | development of transgenic triticale as a platform for novel bio-industrial products is predicated on an environmental biosafety assessment that quantifies the potential risks associated with its release. pollen-mediated gene flow to related species and conventional triticale varieties is one pathway for transgene movement. a tier 1 quantification of triticale hybridization was conducted by emasculating and hand pollinating flowers under greenhouse conditions. approximately 2000 manual pollinatio ... | 2015 | 18289500 |
| introgression of wheat chromosome 2d or 5d into tritordeum leads to free-threshing habit. | hexaploid tritordeum is the amphiploid derived from the cross between the diploid wild barley hordeum chilense and durum wheat. the non-free-threshing habit is a constraint to this species becoming a new crop. three tritordeum lines (ht374, ht376, and ht382) showing the free-threshing habit were selected from crosses between tritordeum and bread wheat. all three lines were euploids, as revealed by mitotic chromosome counting. genomic in situ hybridization analysis made it possible to distinguish ... | 2007 | 18059545 |
| genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analysis in bread wheat and durum wheat. | bread wheat and durum wheat were examined for linkage disequilibrium (ld) using microsatellite markers distributed across the genome. the allele database consisted of 189 bread wheat accessions genotyped at 370 loci and 93 durum wheat accessions genotyped at 245 loci. a significance level of p < 0.001 was set for all comparisons. the bread and durum wheat collections showed that 47.9% and 14.0% of all locus pairs were in ld, respectively. ld was more prevalent between loci on the same chromosome ... | 2007 | 17632577 |
| real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for endogenous reference gene for specific detection and quantification of common wheat-derived dna (triticum aestivum l.). | a species-specific endogenous reference gene system was developed for polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based analysis in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by targeting the almt1 gene, an aluminium-activated malate transporter. the primers and probe were elaborated for real-time pcr-based qualitative and quantitative assay. the size of amplified product is 95 base pairs. the specificity was assessed on 17 monocot and dicot plant species. the established real-time pcr assay amplified only t. aest ... | 2008 | 17580632 |
| grinding up wheat: a massive loss of nucleotide diversity since domestication. | several demographic and selective events occurred during the domestication of wheat from the allotetraploid wild emmer (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). cultivated wheat has since been affected by other historical events. we analyzed nucleotide diversity at 21 loci in a sample of 101 individuals representing 4 taxa corresponding to representative steps in the recent evolution of wheat (wild, domesticated, cultivated durum, and bread wheats) to unravel the evolutionary history of cultivated w ... | 2007 | 17443011 |
| meiotic restitution in wheat polyhaploids (amphihaploids): a potent evolutionary force. | polyploidy is well recognized as a major force in plant speciation. among the polyploids in nature, allopolyploids are preponderant and include important crop plants like bread wheat, triticum aestivum l. (2n = 6x = 42; aabbdd genomes). allopolyploidy must result through concomitant or sequential events that entail interspecific or intergeneric hybridization and chromosome doubling in the resultant hybrids. to gain insight into the mechanism of evolution of wheat, we extracted polyhaploids of 2 ... | 2010 | 17416932 |
| detection of soft wheat in semolina and durum wheat bread by analysis of dna microsatellites. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the analysis of dna microsatellites for the detection of soft wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in semolina and durum wheat bread (prepared from triticum turgidum l. var. durum). the results enabled selection of an efficient d-genome-specific repetitive dna sequence to detect common wheat in semolina and breads by qualitative pcr with a threshold of 3 and 5%, respectively, lowered to 2.5% by real-time pcr. this is of major importance for checking during production ... | 2007 | 17394336 |
| hkt1;5-like cation transporters linked to na+ exclusion loci in wheat, nax2 and kna1. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has a greater ability to exclude na+ from its leaves and is more salt tolerant than durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum [desf.]). a novel durum wheat, line 149, was found to contain a major gene for na+ exclusion, nax2, which removes na+ from the xylem in the roots and leads to a high k+-to-na+ ratio in the leaves. nax2 was mapped to the distal region on chromosome 5al based on linkage to microsatellite markers. the nax2 locus on 5al coincides with the ... | 2007 | 17322337 |
| a decapeptide from durum wheat prevents celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides. | identifying antagonist peptides able to inhibit the abnormal immune response triggered by gliadin peptides in celiac disease (cd) is an alternative therapeutic strategy for cd. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonist effect of 10mer, a decapeptide (sequence qqpqdavqpf) from alcohol-soluble protein fraction of durum wheat, assessing its ability to prevent celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained f ... | 2007 | 17211143 |
| physiological characterization of two genes for na+ exclusion in durum wheat, nax1 and nax2. | durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum desf.) line 149 contains two novel major genes for excluding na(+) from leaf blades, named nax1 and nax2. the genes were separated into families containing a single gene and near-isogenic homozygous lines were selected. lines containing either nax1 or nax2 had lower rates of na(+) transport from roots to shoots than their near-isogenic pairs due to lower rates of net loading of the xylem, not to lower rates of net uptake from the soil or higher rate ... | 2006 | 17028150 |
| transferable bread wheat est-ssrs can be useful for phylogenetic studies among the triticeae species. | the genetic similarity between 150 accessions, representing 14 diploidand polyploid species of the triticeae tribe, was investigated following the upgma clustering method. seventy-three common wheat est-derived ssr markers (est-ssrs) that were demonstrated to be transferable across several wheat-related species were used. when diploid species only are concerned, all the accessions bearing the same genome were clustered together without ambiguity while the separation between the different sub-spe ... | 2006 | 16736140 |
| high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d. | physical mapping methods that do not rely on meiotic recombination are necessary for complex polyploid genomes such as wheat (triticum aestivum l.). this need is due to the uneven distribution of recombination and significant variation in genetic to physical distance ratios. one method that has proven valuable in a number of nonplant and plant systems is radiation hybrid (rh) mapping. this work presents, for the first time, a high-resolution radiation hybrid map of wheat chromosome 1d (d genome) ... | 2006 | 16624903 |
| alkylresorcinol content and homologue composition in durum wheat (triticum durum) kernels and pasta products. | the total alkylresorcinol (ar) content and relative homologue composition of 21 durum wheat (triticum durum) kernel samples, as well as 5 pasta products and the corresponding flour mixtures, were determined. durum wheat contained on average 455 microg/g ars, and the average relative homologue composition was c17:0 (0.4%), c19:0 (14%), c21:0 (58%), c23:0 (21%), and c25:0 (6.5%). the homologue composition was found to be relatively consistent among samples, with durum wheat being different from co ... | 2006 | 16608224 |
| use of wild relatives to improve salt tolerance in wheat. | there is considerable variability in salt tolerance amongst members of the triticeae, with the tribe even containing a number of halophytes. this is a review of what is known of the differences in salt tolerance of selected species in this tribe of grasses, and the potential to use wild species to improve salt tolerance in wheat. most investigators have concentrated on differences in ion accumulation in leaves, describing a desirable phenotype with low leaf na+ concentration and a high k+/na+ ra ... | 2006 | 16513812 |
| cytological characteristics of f2 hybrids between triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf. with reference to wheat breeding. | cytological and agronomic characteristics of a f2 population from triticum aestivum l. x t. durum desf. hybrids were analyzed plant by plant. means of morphologic traits in the f2 population were similar to those of the low-value parent. on average, f2 hybrids had 36.54 chromosomes per plant, indicating that each gamete lost 2.73 chromosomes at meiosis of the f1 generation. more than half of plants had 36-39 chromosomes, so male gametes with 19-21 chromosomes seemed to be superior to the others. ... | 2005 | 16278508 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization and seed storage protein analysis of 1a/1d translocation lines of durum wheat. | two durum wheat [triticum turgidum l. ssp. durum (desf.) husn.] lines carrying the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits (gs) 1 d x 5 + 1dy10 encoded by glu-d1d, l252 and s99b34, were characterized using fluorescent genomic in-situ hybridization (fgish) and microsatellite markers. these two durum lines were derived from the crosses in which the common wheat (t. aestivum l.) 'len' and durum wheat 'langdon' (ldn) and 'renville' were involved. fgish patterns of the mitotic chromosomes indic ... | 2005 | 16170620 |
| molecular characterization of durum and common wheat recombinant lines carrying leaf rust resistance (lr19) and yellow pigment (y) genes from lophopyrum ponticum. | chromosome 7e from lophopyrum ponticum carries a valuable leaf rust resistant gene designated lr19. this gene has not been widely used in common wheat breeding because of linkage with the yellow pigment gene y. this gene tints flour yellow, reducing its appeal in bread making. however, a high level of yellow pigment is desirable in durum wheat breeding. we produced 97 recombinant chromosomes between l. ponticum transfer 7d.7e#1 and its wheat homoeologues, using the ph1b mutation that promotes ho ... | 2005 | 15912342 |
| molecular characterization of new waxy mutants identified in bread and durum wheat. | recently, electrophoretic analyses of waxy proteins in several hexaploid and tetraploid wheat accessions from worldwide collections have permitted the identification of new variants at the waxy loci, including allelic forms with different mobilities and partial null types. in this paper, the molecular characterization of mutated waxy loci in four bread wheat cultivars (two lacking the wx-b1 and two lacking the wx-d1 protein, respectively) and in four durum wheat cultivars (one lacking wx-a1 and ... | 2005 | 15834696 |
| partial sequences of nitrogen metabolism genes in hexaploid wheat. | our objective was to partially sequence genes controlling nitrogen metabolism in wheat species in order to find sequence polymorphism that would enable their mapping. primers were designed for nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase (gogat), and gene fragments were amplified on triticum aestivum, t. durum, t. monococcum, t. speltoides and t. tauschii. we obtained more than 8 kb of gene sequences, mainly as coding regions (60%). polymorphism was quanti ... | 2005 | 15714330 |
| differential exudation of two benzoxazinoids--one of the determining factors for seedling allelopathy of triticeae species. | benzoxazinoids (bx) are natural phytotoxins that function as chemical defense compounds in several species. the release of bx by intact plant roots associated these compounds with root allelopathy in triticeae species; however, the significance of exudate concentrations of bx for plant-plant interactions is still a controversial question. a biological screening of 146 cultivars of four triticeae species (triticum aestivum l., triticum durum desf., triticum spelta l., and secale cereale l.) demon ... | 2005 | 15656658 |
| construction and evaluation of cdna libraries for large-scale expressed sequence tag sequencing in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a total of 37 original cdna libraries and 9 derivative libraries enriched for rare sequences were produced from chinese spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.), five other hexaploid wheat genotypes (cheyenne, brevor, tam w101, bh1146, butte 86), tetraploid durum wheat (t. turgidum l.), diploid wheat (t. monococcum l.), and two other diploid members of the grass tribe triticeae (aegilops speltoides tausch and secale cereale l.). the emphasis in the choice of plant materials for library construction w ... | 2004 | 15514038 |
| durum wheat as a candidate for the unknown female progenitor of bread wheat: an empirical study with a highly fertile f1 hybrid with aegilops tauschii coss. | hexaploid bread wheat was derived from a hybrid cross between a cultivated form of tetraploid triticum wheat (female progenitor) and a wild diploid species, aegilops tauschii coss. (male progenitor). this cross produced a fertile triploid f1 hybrid that set hexaploid seeds. the identity of the female progenitor is unknown, but various cultivated tetraploid triticum wheats exist today. genetic and archaeological evidence suggests that durum wheat ( t. turgidum ssp. durum) may be the female progen ... | 2004 | 15448900 |
| effect of zinc fertilization on cadmium toxicity in durum and bread wheat grown in zinc-deficient soil. | the effect of increasing application of zinc (zn) and cadmium (cd) on shoot dry weight and shoot concentrations of zn and cd was studied in bread and durum wheat cultivars. plants were grown in severely zn-deficient calcareous soil treated with increasing zn (0 and 10 mg kg(-1) soil) and cd (0, 10 and 25 mg kg(-1) soil) and harvested after 35 and 65 days of growth under greenhouse conditions. growing plants without zn fertilization caused severe depression in shoot growth, especially in durum wh ... | 2004 | 15261409 |
| antioxidants, free radicals, storage proteins, puroindolines, and proteolytic activities in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) seeds during accelerated aging. | seeds of bread wheat were incubated at 40 degrees c and 100% relative humidity for 0, 3, 4, 6, and 10 days. the effects of accelerated aging on seed germinability and some biochemical properties of flour (carotenoid, free radical, and protein contents and proteolytic activity) and gluten (free radical content and flexibility) were investigated. seed germinability decreased during aging, resulting in seed death after 10 days. a progressive decrease of carotenoid content, in particular, lutein, wa ... | 2004 | 15212480 |
| compared use of hplc and fzce for cluster analysis of triticum spp and for the identification of t. durum adulteration. | wheat quality criteria continually evolve in response to market pressure and consumer preference. characterization of cereal cultivars for quality and agronomic properties, have widely shown the importance of the protein content to ensure good quality products. the aim of this work is a comparison of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) and free zone capillary electrophoresis (fzce) in the identification of italian wheat cultivars and detection of durum wheat flour adu ... | 2004 | 15212451 |
| rapid genome evolution revealed by comparative sequence analysis of orthologous regions from four triticeae genomes. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is an allohexaploid species, consisting of three subgenomes (a, b, and d). to study the molecular evolution of these closely related genomes, we compared the sequence of a 307-kb physical contig covering the high molecular weight (hmw)-glutenin locus from the a genome of durum wheat (triticum turgidum, aabb) with the orthologous regions from the b genome of the same wheat and the d genome of the diploid wheat aegilops tauschii (anderson et al., 2003; kong et al., ... | 2004 | 15122014 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization of an alloplasmic durum wheat line with a portion of chromosome 1d of triticum aestivum carrying the scs(ae) gene. | triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) with triticum longissimum (2n = 2x = 14; s1s1) cytoplasm ((lo) cytoplasm) has normal fertility and plant vigor. however, the nucleus of durum wheat (triticum turgidum (2n = 4x = 28, aabb)) is incompatible with the t. longissimum cytoplasm, producing non-viable progeny. this incompatibility is alleviated by scs(ae), a species cytoplasm-specific (scs) gene, on the long arm of chromosome 1d (1dl) of common wheat. the hemizygous (lo) durum scs(ae) line is mal ... | 2004 | 15060617 |
| [genealogy-based comparative analysis of loose smut resistance of spring common wheat cultivars]. | comparative genealogical analysis was conducted for loose smut-resistant and susceptible common wheat cultivars of three regions: russia, canada, and india. pedigree analysis of differentiator varieties revealed several sources of the ut1, ut3, and ut4 genes. tracking resistance transmission in extended pedigrees allowed identification of resistance donors, sources, and, in some cases, putative genes in russian, canadian, and indian cultivars. a contingency table was constructed with the data on ... | 2003 | 12942780 |
| [hybrids of aegilops cylindrica host with triticum durum desf. and t. aestivum l]. | the hybrids of durum and bread wheat with ae. cylindrica have been obtained without using an embryo rescue technique. the hybrid output (of pollinated flower number) in the field conditions scored 1.0, 15.3 and 10.0% in the crosses t. durum x ae. cylindrica, ae. cylindrica x t. durum and t. aestivum x ae. cylindrica, respectively. a high level of meiotic chromosome pairing between homologous d genomes of bread wheat and aegilops has been revealed (c = 80.0-83.7%). the possibility of homoeologica ... | 2008 | 12741056 |
| [genetic mapping of the intergenomic translocated "taigu" genic sterility gene (ms2)]. | the "taigu" genic sterility gene ms2 located on the short arm of the 4d chromosome of common wheat (aabbdd) originally incorporated into hexoploid triticale (aabbrr) and durum wheat (aabb) through intergenomic translocation in distant hybridization was introduced back into the genomes of common wheat. the dominant male sterility was expressed normally in the new "taigu" genic sterile wheat carrying the intergenomically translocated ms2, and the female fertility mechanism in its male sterile plan ... | 2002 | 12693100 |
| isolation of est-derived microsatellite markers for genotyping the a and b genomes of wheat. | genetic variation present in 64 durum wheat accessions was investigated by using three sources of microsatellite (ssr) markers: est-derived ssrs (est-ssrs) and two sources of ssrs isolated from total genomic dna. out of 245 ssr primer pairs screened, 22 est-ssrs and 20 genomic-derived ssrs were polymorphic and used for genotyping. the est-ssr primers produced high quality markers, but had the lowest level of polymorphism (25%) compared to the other two sources of genomic ssr markers (53%). the 4 ... | 2002 | 12582712 |
| [hydrous and photosynthetic adaptations of common and durum wheat to saline stress]. | seven varieties of bred wheat and seven varieties of durum wheat were cultivated in three different sites from the area of errachidia (southeastern morocco). these sites differ by the degree of salinity in the irrigation water. results obtained showed that the reduction in leaf area is the principal strategy that makes it possible to attenuate the effects of the reduction in the availability of water under saline stress. bread wheat, which limited the reduction in the leaf area, with the risk to ... | 2002 | 12506723 |
| transport interactions between cadmium and zinc in roots of bread and durum wheat seedlings. | field studies have shown that the addition of zn to cd-containing soils can help reduce accumulation of cd in crop plants. to understand the mechanisms involved, this study used 109cd and 65zn to examine the transport interactions of zn and cd at the root cell plasma membrane of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. durum). results showed that cd2+ uptake was inhibited by zn2+ and zn2+ uptake was inhibited by cd2+. concentration-dependent uptake of both cd ... | 2002 | 12207664 |
| puroindolines: the molecular genetic basis of wheat grain hardness. | the variation in grain hardness is the single most important trait that determines end-use quality of wheat. grain texture classification is based primarily on either the resistance of kernels to crushing or the particle size distribution of ground grain or flour. recently, the molecular genetic basis of grain hardness has become known, and it is the focus of this review. the puroindoline proteins a and b form the molecular basis of wheat grain hardness or texture. when both puroindolines are in ... | 2017 | 11999840 |
| an application of linear regression technique for predicting bulgur yield and quality of wheat cultivars. | grains of 26 turkish wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines were used in this study. simple correlations between a number of quality parameters to predict bulgur yield and bulgur cooking quality were determined. highly significant correlations between bulgur yield and each of the thousand-kernel weight and the sum of the grain over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieves were obtained for both durum and bread wheat samples (p < 0.01). the regression equations showed that the models involving two variables (the ... | 2002 | 11890049 |
| the detection, cloning, and characterisation of wis 2-1a retrotransposon-like sequences in triticum aestivum l. and xtriticosecale wittmack and an examination of their evolution in related triticeae. | retrotransposons and other mobile elements are major components of the repeated dna fraction in higher-plant genomes. they have undoubtedly played an important role in higher plant genome evolution. the present work details the detection and characterisation of a wis 2-1a related sequence in direct wheat relatives, and discusses the prevalence and evolution of its copy number in their genomes. an increase in copy number is detected when following the natural hybridisation processes that gave ris ... | 2001 | 11768225 |
| improving intrinsic water-use efficiency and crop yield. | greater yield per unit rainfall is one of the most important challenges in dryland agriculture. improving intrinsic water-use efficiency (w(t)), the ratio of co(2) assimilation rate to transpiration rate at the stomata, may be one means of achieving this goal. carbon isotope discrimination (delta(13)c) is recognized as a reliable surrogate for w(t) and there have now been numerous studies which have examined the relationship between crop yield and w(t) (measured as delta(13)c). these studies hav ... | 2002 | 11756262 |
| root growth and lignification of two wheat species differing in their sensitivity to nacl, in response to salt stress. | application of a 100-mm nacl salt stress to wheat seedlings of a salt-tolerant (triticum durum var. ben béchir) and a salt-sensitive (triticum aestivum var. tanit) species decreases the fresh and dry weights of roots especially in the salt-sensitive species, and slightly increases the ratio of dry to fresh weight, especially in the salt-resistant species. all peroxidase activities are increased by salt stress, the water-soluble peroxidase activity being increased much more in the salt-sensitive ... | 2001 | 11558333 |
| isolation of a chromosomally engineered durum wheat line carrying the aegilops ventricosa pchl gene for resistance to eyespot. | the chromosome 7dv of aegilops ventricosa (syn. triticum ventricosum, 2n = 4x = 28, genome dvdvmvmv) carries the gene pch1 for resistance to eyespot. this gene has previously been transferred to chromosome 7d of bread wheat, t. aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, genome aabbdd). to (1) enhance the level of resistance of bread wheat by increasing the copy number of pch1, and (2) create eyespot-resistant triticales, meiotically stable pch1-carrying durum lines were selected from the backcross progenies of a c ... | 2001 | 11444692 |
| [inheritance of frost resistance and winter hardiness in distant hybrids of wheat and amphiploids]. | the data on inheritance of frost resistance and winter hardiness of bread wheat lines obtained as a result of distant hybridization of wheat-rye and wheat-elymus amphiploids with durum and bread wheat were presented. it was shown that selection of the donors of valuable traits is sensible to make in later progenies of hybrids (f6-f7). so, it is possible to obtain the new initial breeding material for winter bread wheat selection with high frost tolerance, winter hardiness and early maturity. hyp ... | 2008 | 11391895 |
| carbon isotope discrimination and mineral composition of three organs in durum wheat genotypes grown under mediterranean conditions. | carbon isotope discrimination (delta) has been proposed as a good criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield improvement. its measurement, however, remains very expensive. ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for delta in bread wheat and barley. the aims of this study were (i) to analyse the relationships between delta and mineral composition in different durum wheat plant parts and (ii) to compare the variation of these traits between landraces and improved ... | 2001 | 11386083 |
| endosperm-specific activity of a storage protein gene promoter in transgenic wheat seed. | the characterization of the promoter of a wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. cheyenne high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw subunit) gene, glu-1d-1 is reported. the nucleotide sequence of the promoter from position -1191 to -650 with respect to the transcription start site was determined, to add to that already determined. analysis of this region of the promoter revealed the presence of an additional copy of part of the primary enhancer sequence and sequences related to regulatory elements pres ... | 2001 | 11283168 |
| [studies of development of disomic addition lines of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa via aabbdddd octaploid]. | hexaploid hybrid between triticum aestivum-aegilops squarrosa (2n = 8x = 56, aabbdddd) octaploid and triticum durum-haynaldia villosa (2n = 6x = 42, aabbvv) was self pollinated. the putitative t. aestivum-h. villosa 6v and 2v addition lines were creened by c-banding in f4 and chromosome configurations of pmc at mi were 0.14i + 20.42ii + 1.50ii and 0.10 i + 20.07ii + 1.82ii, respectively. genomic dna of 95-7 and 26-7 were digested by ecori, and southern bloting was employed using group 6 probe ps ... | 2000 | 11057046 |
| ph1 gene derived from aegilops speltoides induces homoeologous chromosome pairing in wide crosses of triticum aestivum. | the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the phi gene transferred from aegilops speltoides into bread wheat cultivar chinese spring (cs) in inducing homoeologous chromosome pairing in interspecific crosses using the chinese spring line, cs(phi), carrying the gene. chinese spring, as well as cs(phi), were crossed as female parents with three accessions of ae. kotschyi (uuss), one accession of secale cereale (rr), two amphiploids of triticum durum-ae. caudata (aabbcc), a ... | 2006 | 10994715 |
| two-dimensional electrophoresis of soluble leaf proteins, isolated from two wheat species (triticum durum and triticum aestivum) differing in sensitivity towards nacl. | plants of two wheat species (triticum aestivum cv. tanit and t. durum cv. ben bachir), differing in their sensitivity to nacl were cultivated in the presence or absence of 100 mm nacl for 21 days. soluble proteins extracted from leaves were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis in order to detect nacl-induced changes in the polypeptide patterns. in all, 500 spots were detected. results showed species-dependent differences. the greatest alterations in the polypeptide profiles following salt ... | 2000 | 10939462 |
| [the inheritance of the traits of resistance to fungal diseases by distant hybrids of wheat with amphiploids]. | the inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust and septorios of hybrids from crosses of wheat--rye and two wheat--elymus amphiploids with durum and bread wheat was studied. spontaneous hybridization was revealed to be a determining factor of the new available trait formation in the wide crosses. control of the leaf rust and heary leaf traits by the same alien chromosome of elytricum fertile is confirmed. while in the wheat--aegilops amphiploid h74/90-258 these traits are not linked a ... | 2015 | 10857202 |
| identification of wheat and tritordeum chromosomes by genomic in situ hybridization using total hordeum chilense dna as probe | total genomic hordeum chilense dna probe was hybridized to somatic chromosome spreads of triticum aestivum 'chinese spring' and to four advanced tritordeum lines, the latter being the fertile amphiploid between h. chilense and durum wheat (2n = 6x = 42, aabbh(ch)h(ch)). the probe hybridized strongly to the b-genome chromosomes and to one or two bands on the a-genome chromosomes present in both wheat and tritordeum alloploids. bands on chromosomes 1d, 2d, and 7d from hexaploid wheat were also det ... | 1999 | 10659787 |
| the existence of the k(+) channel in plant mitochondria. | in this study, evidence is given that a number of isolated coupled plant mitochondria (from durum wheat, bread wheat, spelt, rye, barley, potato, and spinach) can take up externally added k(+) ions. this was observed by following mitochondrial swelling in isotonic kcl solutions and was confirmed by a novel method in which the membrane potential decrease due to externally added k(+) is measured fluorimetrically by using safranine. a detailed investigation of k(+) uptake by durum wheat mitochondri ... | 1999 | 10480870 |
| characterization of zinc uptake, binding, and translocation in intact seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars | durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var durum) cultivars exhibit lower zn efficiency than comparable bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. to understand the physiological mechanism(s) that confers zn efficiency, this study used 65zn to investigate ionic zn2+ root uptake, binding, and translocation to shoots in seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars. time-dependent zn2+ accumulation during 90 min was greater in roots of the bread wheat cultivar. zn2+ cell wall binding was not differen ... | 1998 | 9733541 |
| characterization of cadmium binding, uptake, and translocation in intact seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars | high cd content in durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var durum) grain grown in the united states and canada presents potential health and economic problems for consumers and growers. in an effort to understand the biological processes that result in excess cd accumulation, root cd uptake and xylem translocation to shoots in seedlings of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat cultivars were studied. whole-plant cd accumulation was somewhat greater in the bread wheat cultivar, but this ... | 1998 | 9536059 |
| linkage mapping of '25-kda globulin' genes on homoeologous group-1 chromosomes of bread and durum wheat. | acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (a-page) of ethanol-soluble proteins from the endosperm of bread and durum wheats reveals some bands encoded by genes on the homoeologous group-1 chromosomes with higher mobility than the α-gliadins. the isolation of these proteins showed that they were the previously described '25-kda globulins' encoded by genes at the glo-a1, glo-b1, and glo-d1 loci. the variability found among a collection of 51 bread and 81 durum wheats was very low: two allelic varian ... | 1996 | 24162408 |
| mapping of the k(+)/na (+) discrimination locus kna1 in wheat. | in saline environments, bread wheat, triticum aestivum l. (genomes aabbdd), accumulates less na(+) and more k(+) in expanding and young leaves than durum wheat, t. turgidum l. (genomes aabb). higher k(+)/na(+) ratios in leaves of bread wheat correlate with its higher salt tolerance. chromosome 4d from bread wheat was shown in previous work to play an important role in the control of this trait and was recombined with chromosome 4b in the absence of the ph1 locus. a population of plants disomic f ... | 1996 | 24166270 |
| natural or induced nucleocytoplasmic heterogeneity in triticum longissimum. | alien cytoplasms produce a variety of phenotypes in durum wheat (triticum turgidum) and common wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars, which indicate the prevalence of cytoplasmic variability in the subtribe triticinae. intraspecific cytoplasmic differences have been demonstrated between the subspecies of triticum speltoides, triticum dichasians, and triticum comosum. in this study, durum wheat lines with cytoplasm from two accessions, b and c, of triticum longissimum were compared, and meiotic chr ... | 1996 | 18469879 |
| agglutinating activity of wheat gliadin peptide fractions in coeliac disease. | the k 562 (s) cell agglutinating activity of peptides obtained from in vitro digestion of bread wheat gliadins has been shown to be associated with a small fraction (coded as fraction c), that can be easily separated by affinity chromatography of the whole digest on a sepharose 6-b-mannan or sepharose 6-b-oligomers of n-acetyl-glucosamine. although the whole gliadin digests from 12 durum wheat varieties were unable to agglutinate k 562 (s) cells, all these digests were found to contain an active ... | 1995 | 7863509 |
| durum wheat haploid production using maize wide-crossing. | while anther culture or pollinations with hordeum bulbosum have provided suitable methods for haploid production in bread wheat, they have been largely unsuccessful in durum wheat. pollinations with maize were used in an attempt to produce haploid seedlings and, from these, fertile doubled haploids of durum wheats. moreover, the effect of various concentrations and combinations of a synthetic auxin, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), kinetin, and an ethylene inhibitor, silver nitrate (agno ... | 1994 | 24177930 |
| molecular variation in chloroplast dna regions in ancestral species of wheat. | restriction map variation in two 5-6-kb chloroplast dna regions of five diploid aegilops species in the section sitopsis and two wild tetraploid wheats, triticum dicoccoides and triticum araraticum, was investigated with a battery of four-cutter restriction enzymes. a single accession each of triticum durum, triticum timopheevi and triticum aestivum was included as a reference. more than 250 restriction sites were scored, of which only seven sites were found polymorphic in aegilops speltoides. n ... | 1994 | 7916310 |
| interactions between the scs and vi genes in alloplasmic durum wheat. | two nuclear genes, vitality (vi) on an a- or b-genome chromosome and species cytoplasm specific (scs) on a 1dl telosome from triticum aestivum l. or a telosome from aegilops uniaristata vis. (un telosome), improved compatibility between the nucleus of triticum turgidum l. var. durum and the cytoplasm of ae. longissima s. &m. or ae. uniaristata. to study interactions between vi and scs and to determine the chromosomal location of vi, 29-chromosome fertile plants were crossed with 13 d-genome diso ... | 1994 | 18470070 |
| triticum aestivum puroindolines, two basic cystine-rich seed proteins: cdna sequence analysis and developmental gene expression. | from a mid-maturation seed cdna library we have isolated cdna clones encoding two triticum aestivum puroindolines. puroindoline-a and puroindoline-b, which are 55% similar, are basic, cystine-rich and tryptophan-rich proteins. puroindolines are synthesized as preproproteins which include n- and c-terminal propeptides which could be involved in their vacuolar localization. the mature proteins have a molecular mass of 13 kda and a calculated isoelectric point greater than 10. a notable feature of ... | 1994 | 7516201 |
| polymorphism of omega-gliadins in durum wheat as revealed by the two-step apage/sds-page technique. | polymorphism of omega-gliadins was studied in 243 durum wheats from 27 countries using the two-step one-dimensional apage/sds-page technique. a total of 12 bands of different mobility were observed, and four of them were found to be different from those previously detected by khelifi et al. (1992) in bread wheat. fifteen alleles, six coded by the gli-a1 locus and nine coded by the gli-b1 locus, were identified, accounting for 19 different electrophoretic patterns. seven new alleles were detected ... | 1994 | 24190535 |
| enhancement of the salt tolerance of triticum turgidum l. by the kna1 locus transferred from the triticum aestivum l. chromosome 4d by homoeologous recombination. | durum wheat, triticum turgidum l. (2n= 4x=28, genome formula aabb) is inferior to bread wheat, t. aestivum l. (2n=6x=42, genome formula aabbdd), in the ability to exclude na(+) under salt strees, in the ratio of the accumulated k(+) to na(+) in the leaves under salt stress, and in tolerance of salt stress. previous work showed that chromosome 4d has a major effect on na(+) and k(+) accumulation in the leaves of bread wheat. the 4d chromosome was recombined with chromosome 4b in the genetic backg ... | 1994 | 24190475 |
| restriction fragment patterns of chloroplast and mitochondrial dna of dasypyvum villosum (l.) candargy and wheats. | to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and cytoplasmic types, restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) dnas isolated from two different accessions of dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy were compared with those of tetraploid wheat (triticum durum desf., pi265007), hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv chinese spring), aegilops longissimum (s. and m., in muschli) bowden and hordeum vulgare l. t. aestivum and t. durum had identical restriction pat ... | 1993 | 24190190 |
| storage changes in the quality of sound and sprouted flour. | sound and sprouted flours (24 and 48 hr) from bread wheat (wl-1562), durum wheat (pbw-34) and triticale (tl-1210) were stored at room temperature (34.8 degrees c) and relative humidity (66.7%) for 0, 45, 90 and 135 days to assess the changes in physico-chemical and baking properties. protein, gluten, sedimentation value, starch and crude fat decreased during storage in all the samples; however, the decrease was more in sprouted flours. free amino acids, proteolytic activity, diastatic activity a ... | 1993 | 8332585 |
| polymorphism and chromosomal location of endogenous α-amylase inhibitor genes in common wheat. | polymorphism of an endogenous α-amylase inhibitor in wheat was studied using iso-electric focusing followed by monoclonal antibody - based immunoblotting. ten isoforms of the inhibitor detected in common wheat and its wild counterparts were assigned to five homoeologous loci. three α-amylase inhibitor loci (isa-1) were identified in common wheat and located on the long arms of chromosomes 2a, 2b and 2d. in a sample of 27 bread wheats, eight durum wheats, and 12 diploid wheat relatives, amphiploi ... | 1993 | 24196156 |
| effect of alpha-gliadin-derived peptides from bread and durum wheat on k562(s) cells. | previous studies suggested that the proteins and peptides that are responsible for coeliac small intestinal lesions, are also able to agglutinate k562(s) cells. on the contrary, peptides from whole gliadins from durum (tetraploid) wheat do not agglutinate these cells. bread wheat alpha-gliadins have been identified as a major toxic fraction in coeliac disease. in the present research, alpha-gliadins were purified from durum and bread wheat cultivars. alpha-gliadin peptides from bread wheat were ... | 1992 | 1392022 |
| restriction fragment analysis of 'null' forms at the gli-1 loci of bread and durum wheats. | wheat accessions lacking some of the ω- and γ-gliadin components encoded by the gli-1 loci on the short arm of chromosome 1d in bread wheat and chromosome 1a in durum wheat were studied by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and restriction fragment analysis. digested genomic dnas of 'normal' and 'null' forms were probed with a cdna clone related to ω-/γ-gliadins and with a genomic clone encoding an lmw subunit of glutenin. the hybridisation patterns with the ω-/γ-gliadin probe we ... | 1992 | 24202588 |
| absence of guar efficacy in complex spaghetti meals on postprandial glucose and c-peptide levels in healthy control and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. | the effects of guar incorporated into a complex spaghetti meal on the glycaemic response in 11 healthy and 6 non-insulin dependent diabetic (niddm) subjects was studied. to this end, subjects consumed spaghetti made of either triticum aestivum or triticum durum wheat with or without 20 g% guar, as part of a complex meal containing 27% fat, 19% protein and 51% carbohydrate. in both the healthy as well as the niddm subjects the incremental integrated postprandial glucose and c-peptide responses af ... | 1992 | 1337059 |
| characterization and organization of gene families at the gli-1 loci of bread and durum wheats by restriction fragment analysis. | probes related to γ-gliadins and to the lmw subunits of glutenin were used to determine the complexity of the gli-1 loci, by rflp analysis of euploid and aneuploid lines of bread wheat cv chinese spring and durum wheat cv langdon. the two probes hybridised to separate sets of fragments derived from chromosomes 1 a, 1 b and 1d. the fragments related to the lmw subunit probe had a total copy number in hindiii digests of about 35 in chinese spring and 17 in langdon, with more fragments derived from ... | 1991 | 24202360 |
| molecular characterization of a low-molecular-weight glutenin cdna clone from triticum durum. | a full-length, low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenin cdna clone, ptducd1, has been isolated from a triticum durum cv 'mexicali' wheat cdna library. the complete sequence was determined and compared to the lmw glutenin genes that have been isolated from hexaploid wheat, triticum aestivum. this cdna codes for a protein of 295 amino acids (33,414 daltons) including a 20-amino acid signal peptide as deduced from the dna sequence. northern analysis showed that this cdna hybridizes to a family of relate ... | 1991 | 24221382 |
| characterization of a cdna clone encoding the triticum aestivum l. cm16 protein: homology with the triticum durum desf. sequence. | | 1991 | 1893108 |
| analysis of phylogenetic relations of durum, carthlicum and common wheats by means of comparison of alleles of gliadin-coding loci. | polymorphism and inheritance of wheat storage protein, gliadin, of durum (macaroni) and carthlicum wheats have been studied. analysis of gliadin in 78 cultivars and in f2 seeds of intercultivar crosses of durum wheat revealed three different chromosome 1a-encoded blocks of components similar to those found in common wheat (gld1a2, gld1a18, gld1a19). most of the durum cultivars studied had these three blocks; gld1a2 was also frequent in common wheat. in contrast, all chromosome 1b-encoded blocks ... | 1989 | 24232907 |
| polymorphism and inheritance of gliadin components controlled by chromosome 6a of spring durum wheat. | the gliadin composition of 78 spring durum wheat varieties has been studied by one-dimensional (al-lactate, ph 3.1) and two-dimensional (first dimension, al-lactate, ph 3.1; second dimension, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel) electrophoresis. analysis of hybrids has shown that all components of the alpha zone of gliadin spectra are inherited together as blocks and are, probably, coded for by a cluster of tightly linked genes located on chromosome 6a. fourteen variants of gliadin blocks ... | 1988 | 3242490 |
| long-term in vitro culture of wheat grains. | wheat (triticum aestivum, triticum durum) grains were excised immediately following fertilization and cultured until maturity. a rachis fragment attached to the grain was required to ensure an increase in grain size for the first 10 days following fertilization. a (14)c-labeling study revealed that 8-day-old grains accumulated more dry matter into the ethanol-insoluble fraction when grown on agar rather than when immersed in liquid medium. light enhanced the absorption of sucrose from the medium ... | 1988 | 16666317 |
| null alleles for gliadin blocks in bread and durum wheat cultivars. | wheat gliadin proteins are coded by clusters of genes (complex loci) located on the short arms of chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 in bread (6x) and durum (4x) wheats. the proteins expressed by the various complex loci have been designated gliadin blocks. in a survey of accessions from the germplasm institute (c.n.r., bari, italy) collection, several different accessions have been found that lack particular blocks of proteins (null alleles). in some bread wheat accessions, seeds do not ... | 1987 | 24240217 |
| the addition of dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy chromosomes to durum wheat (triticum durum desf.). | six monosomic addition lines were produced in which different dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy chromosomes were added to the chromosome complement of triticum durum desf. cv. 'creso'. each added alien chromosome was found to have a specific effect on plant morphology and fertility. transmission rate varied widely (from 7.5 to 27.7%) among the six univalent chromosomes. different monotelosomic addition plants derived by a relatively high frequency of chromosome misdivision were isolated. the addi ... | 1987 | 24241669 |
| characterization and quantification of low molecular weight glutenins in durum wheats. | durum wheat proteins have been considered as a model because of the very clear-cut relationship previously evidenced between the electrophoretic type '42' or '45' of the components that are coded by the gli-b1 chromosome locus and the intrinsic quality (gluten viscoelasticity) of cultivars. the proteins from 4 cultivars were subjected to sequential extraction and separated into five groups, respectively, in: nacl, etoh (gliadins-i), etoh + mercaptoethanol (me) (gliadins-ii), acoh + me (glutenins ... | 2016 | 3120804 |
| cytotoxic effects of wheat gliadin-derived peptides. | the peptic-tryptic-cotazym (ptc) digest, obtained from bread wheat gliadin by simulating in vivo protein digestion, was more active than the ptc-digest of durum wheat gliadin in reversibly inhibiting hep-2 cell proliferation and in increasing cellular acid phosphatase. colony-forming ability of the cells was not affected by treatment with both bread or durum wheat gliadin peptides. the peptic-tryptic (pt) digest of bread wheat gliadin also showed agglutinating activity of hep-2 cells. | 1985 | 4071551 |
| inheritance of nitrite reductase and regulation of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and glutamine synthetase isozymes. | banding patterns of nitrate reductase (nr), nitrite reductase (nir), and glutamine synthetase (gs) from leaves of diploid barley (hordeum vulgare), tetraploid wheat (triticum durum), hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum), and tetraploid wild oats (avena barbata) were compared following starch gel electrophoresis. two nr isozymes, which appeared to be under different regulatory control, were observed in each of the three species. the activity of the more slowly migrating nitrate reductase isozyme ( ... | 1984 | 11541965 |
| effect of the d genome and of selection on photosynthesis in wheat. | photosynthesis and transpiration in wheats and in their progenitors were analyzed in relation to their genome, ploidy and selection. the values of these parameters markedly depend on a specific effect of the d genome and on leaf enlargement in the course of evolution in wheats. leaf enlargement has had a marked effect on photosynthesis in the genotypes that are devoid of the d genome; in addition, their photosynthetic capacity is greater in forms with lower leaf area. the increase in the mesophy ... | 1982 | 24270498 |
| genetic analysis of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat by utilization of monopentaploid hybrids. | this report deals with a method of analysis which uses existing hexaploid wheat monosomics to establish gene-chromosome associations in a tetraploid variety. monosomics of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring belonging to the 14 lines of a and b genomes were crossed as female parents with triticum durum cv. capeiti, a spring type at present widely grown in italy. for each line, two f 1 populations were obtained, normal pentaploids (2 n = 35) and monopentaploid (2 n = 34), in which, in turn, the ... | 1971 | 24430021 |
| an immunochemical approach to species relationship in triticum and some related species. | an immunological reaction, precipitation in gel, was produced using a rabbit antiserum directed to a specific protein constantly present in bread wheats (t. aestivum, genome aabbdd), but absent in durum wheat (t. durum desf., genome aabb). this protein was isolated in the soluble-protein fraction of bread wheat caryopses by combined biochemical and immunological techniques.the availability of such a specific anti-bread wheat serum made possible the analysis of a series of varieties and species o ... | 1970 | 24435904 |
| [determination of sitosterol palmitate in different varieties of triticum aestivum and triticum durum]. | | 1969 | 5398532 |
| studies on the ribonucleic acid from wheat leaves and chloroplasts. | the chloroplast, leaf ribosomal, and leaf total rna from seedlings of 2 varieties of triticum durum and 3 varieties of triticum vulgare were compared. for a given rna preparation the major nucleotide composition was the same for all varieties. irrespective of the variety, the chloroplast total rna had a higher cytidylic and a lower adenylic acid content than the leaf ribosomal rna, whereas, the guanylic and uridylic acid content of all rna preparations was essentially the same. pseudouridylic ac ... | 1968 | 16656756 |
| durum-type wheat with high bread-making quality. | a durum-type wheat (2n = 4x = 28) with high bread-making quality was produced by crossing a durum-wheat variety with a common bread-wheat variety (2n = 6x = 42), backcrossing to the bread-wheat variety for three generations, and then selecting for 28-chromosome plants. the high quality is tentatively attributed to a translocation involving one of the d-genome chromosomes. | 1968 | 5634916 |
| the correlation of characters in hybrids of triticum durum and triticum vulgare. | | 1925 | 17246275 |
| the dead, hardened floral bracts of dispersal units of wild wheat function as storage for active hydrolases and in enhancing seedling vigor. | it is commonly assumed that the dead, hardened floral bracts of the dispersal unit of grasses have been evolved to protect seeds from predation and / or assist in fruit/caryopsis dispersal. while these structures have important agronomical and economical implications, their adaptive value has not been fully explored. we investigated the hypothesis that the maternally derived hardened floral bracts have been evolved not just as a means for caryopsis protection and dispersal, but also as storage f ... | 2017 | 28493968 |
| grain quality characteristics and dough rheological properties in langdon durum-wild emmer wheat chromosome substitution lines under nitrogen and water deficits. | wild emmer wheat could serve as a source of novel variation in grain quality and stress resistance for wheat breeding. a set of triticum durum-t. dicoccoides chromosome substitution lines [ldn(dic)] and the parental recipient cv. langdon grown under contrasting water and nitrogen availability in the soil was examined in this study to identify differences in grain quality traits and dough rheological properties. | 2017 | 27558295 |
| qtls for uniform grain dimensions and germination selected during wheat domestication are co-located on chromosome 4b. | a major locus on the long arm of wheat chromosome 4b controls within-spikelet variation in both grain size and seed dormancy, the latter an important survival mechanism likely eliminated from wild wheat during domestication. seed dormancy can increase the probability of survival of at least some progeny under unstable environmental conditions. in wild emmer wheat, only one of the two grains in a spikelet germinates during the first rainy season following maturation; and this within-plant variati ... | 2016 | 26993485 |
| toward a better understanding of the genomic region harboring fusarium head blight resistance qtl qfhs.ndsu-3as in durum wheat. | new molecular markers were developed and mapped to the fhb resistance qtl region in high resolution. micro-collinearity of the qtl region with rice and brachypodium was revealed for a better understanding of the genomic region. the wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides)-derived fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) qfhs.ndsu-3as previously mapped to the short arm of chromosome 3a (3as) in a population of recombinant inbred chromosome lines (ricls). this study aime ... | 2016 | 26385373 |
| genetic evidence for differential selection of grain and embryo weight during wheat evolution under domestication. | wheat is one of the neolithic founder crops domesticated ~10 500 years ago. following the domestication episode, its evolution under domestication has resulted in various genetic modifications. grain weight, embryo weight, and the interaction between those factors were examined among domesticated durum wheat and its direct progenitor, wild emmer wheat. experimental data show that grain weight has increased over the course of wheat evolution without any parallel change in embryo weight, resulting ... | 2015 | 26019253 |
| high environmental stress yields greater tocotrienol content while changing vitamin e profiles of wild emmer wheat seeds. | vitamin e is an essential human nutrient that was first isolated from wheat. emmer wheat, the cereal of old world agriculture and a precursor to durum wheat, grows wild in the fertile crescent. evolution canyon, israel, provides a microsite that models effects of contrasting environments. the north-facing and south-facing slopes exhibit low and high stress environments, respectively. wild emmer wheat seeds were collected from both slopes and seed tocochromanol contents measured to test the hypot ... | 2015 | 25105230 |
| molecular and comparative mapping of genes governing spike compactness from wild emmer wheat. | the development and morphology of the wheat spike is important because the spike is where reproduction occurs and it holds the grains until harvest. therefore, genes that influence spike morphology are of interest from both theoretical and practical stand points. when substituted for the native chromosome 2a in the tetraploid langdon (ldn) durum wheat background, the triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides chromosome 2a from accession israela confers a short, compact spike with fewer spikelets per sp ... | 2014 | 24652470 |
| genetic mapping of qtl for resistance to fusarium head blight spread (type 2 resistance) in a triticum dicoccoides × triticum durum backcross-derived population. | improvement of resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) is a continuous challenge for durum wheat breeders, particularly due to the limited genetic variation within this crop species. we accordingly generated a backcross-derived mapping population using the type 2 fhb resistant triticum dicoccoides line mt. gerizim #36 as donor and the modern austrian t. durum cultivar helidur as recipient; 103 bc1f6:7 lines were phenotyped for type 2 fhb resistance using single-spikelet inoculations and genotyp ... | 2013 | 23921957 |
| genetic analysis of wheat domestication and evolution under domestication. | wheat is undoubtedly one of the world's major food sources since the dawn of near eastern agriculture and up to the present day. morphological, physiological, and genetic modifications involved in domestication and subsequent evolution under domestication were investigated in a tetraploid recombinant inbred line population, derived from a cross between durum wheat and its immediate progenitor wild emmer wheat. experimental data were used to test previous assumptions regarding a protracted domest ... | 2011 | 21778183 |
| mirna expression patterns of triticum dicoccoides in response to shock drought stress. | drought is a major environmental stress factor that affects plant growth and development worldwide. wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the ancestor of domesticated durum wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. durum), has great potential for improving the understanding of the wheat drought response. micrornas (mirnas) are a recently discovered class of gene expression regulators that have also been linked to several plant stress responses; however, this relationship is just beginning t ... | 2011 | 21069383 |
| quantitative trait loci conferring grain mineral nutrient concentrations in durum wheat x wild emmer wheat ril population. | mineral nutrient malnutrition, and particularly deficiency in zinc and iron, afflicts over 3 billion people worldwide. wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, genepool harbors a rich allelic repertoire for mineral nutrients in the grain. the genetic and physiological basis of grain protein, micronutrients (zinc, iron, copper and manganese) and macronutrients (calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur) concentration was studied in tetraploid wheat population of 152 recomb ... | 2009 | 19407982 |
| quantitative trait locus mapping of increased fusarium head blight susceptibility associated with a wild emmer wheat chromosome. | chromosome 2a of wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) genotype israel a increases fusarium head blight (fhb) severity when present in durum wheat (t. turgidum var. durum) cv. langdon (ldn). the goal of this study was to identify regions of israel a chromosome 2a associated with this difference in resistance. a recombinant inbred chromosome line population (ricl) from a cross between ldn and the ldn-israel a chromosome 2a substitution line [ldn(dic-2a)] was employed for analysis. ... | 2009 | 19271987 |
| genomic dissection of drought resistance in durum wheat x wild emmer wheat recombinant inbreed line population. | drought is the major factor limiting wheat productivity worldwide. the gene pool of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, harbours a rich allelic repertoire for morpho-physiological traits conferring drought resistance. the genetic and physiological bases of drought responses were studied here in a tetraploid wheat population of 152 recombinant inbreed lines (rils), derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. langdon) and wild emmer (acc# g18-16), under contrasting water availa ... | 2009 | 19220786 |
| chromosomal location of genes for novel glutenin subunits and gliadins in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides). | the glutenin and gliadin proteins of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides, have potential for improvement of durum wheat ( t. turgidum l. var. durum) quality. the objective of this study was to determine the chromosomes controlling the high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits and gliadin proteins present in three t. turgidum var. dicoccoides accessions (israel-a, pi-481521, and pi-478742), which were used as chromosome donors in langdon durum- t. turgidum var. dicoccoides ... | 2004 | 14727030 |