| enzymatic hydrolysis optimization to ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. | there is tremendous interest in using agro-industrial wastes, such as cellulignin, as starting materials for the production of fuels and chemicals. cellulignin are the solids, which result from the acid hydrolysis of the sugarcane bagasse. the objective of this work was to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose fraction of cellulignin, and to study its fermentation to ethanol using saccharomyces cerevisiae. cellulose conversion was optimized using response surface methods with ph, en ... | 2007 | 18478383 |
| dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of agricultural and agro-industrial residues for ethanol production. | the potential of dilute-acid prehydrolysis as a pretreatment method for sugarcane bagasse, rice hulls, peanut shells, and cassava stalks was investigated. the prehydrolysis was performed at 122 degrees c during 20, 40, or 60 min using 2% h(2)so(4) at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10. sugar formation increased with increasing reaction time. xylose, glucose, arabinose, and galactose were detected in all of the prehydrolysates, whereas mannose was found only in the prehydrolysates of peanut shells a ... | 2007 | 18478400 |
| estimation of temperature dependent parameters of a batch alcoholic fermentation process. | in this work, a procedure was established to develop a mathematical model considering the effect of temperature on reaction kinetics. experiments were performed in batch mode in temperatures from 30 to 38 degrees c. the microorganism used was saccharomyces cerevisiae and the culture media, sugarcane molasses. the objective is to assess the difficulty in updating the kinetic parameters when there are changes in fermentation conditions. we conclude that, although the re-estimation is a time-consum ... | 2007 | 18478432 |
| enzymatic degradation of anthracene by the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilized on sugarcane bagasse. | bagasse is a by-product of sugar milling and important fuel resource for that industry. it is a fibrous, low density material with a very wide range of particle sizes and high moisture content. the goal of this study is the development of a system based on the use of the ligninolytic enzyme manganese peroxidase (mnp) produced by phanerochaete chrysosporium for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), of which anthracene was selected as an example. the white rot fungus p. chrys ... | 2009 | 18482797 |
| radium-226 in sugar cane, saccharum officinarum, products in the state of pernambuco, brazil. | the objective of this study was to determine the 226ra concentrations in samples of sugar cane juice, which is sold for human consumption in the city of recife, capital of the state of pernambuco, brazil. the sample collections were carried out in seventeen commercial establishments where high quantities of the juice are usually sold. the methodology used to determine the concentrations of 226ra in the juice was based on 222rn emanation classical technique. concentrations of 226ra in the samples ... | 2008 | 18500415 |
| extraction of inulinase obtained by solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse by kluyveromyces marxianus nrrl y-7571. | production of inulinase by solid state fermentation always involves an extraction step, which dictates enzyme recovery yield and is related to cultivation conditions and control of process parameters. this work is focused on the study of extraction conditions aiming to maximize yield of an inulinase obtained by solid state fermentation of sugar cane bagasse and kluyveromyces marxianus nrrl y-7571. kinetics of extraction was followed varying the kind of solvent used. after determining the best so ... | 2008 | 18500581 |
| the effectiveness of four organic matter amendments for decreasing resin-extractable cr(vi) in cr(vi)-contaminated soils. | this paper compared the effectiveness of four organic materials for decreasing the amounts of soil extractable cr(vi) in cr(vi)-contaminated soils using the dowex m4195 resin-extraction method. organic matters were added into cr(vi)-spiked soils [500 mg cr(vi)(kgsoil)(-1)] in the form of sugarcane dregs compost (scdc), cattle-dung compost (cdc), soybean meal (sbm) and rice bran (rb), in the amounts of 0, 1%, and 2% by dry weight, respectively. the results indicated that adding only 1% organic ma ... | 2009 | 18524481 |
| effect of nutritional factors on cellulase enzyme and microbial protein production by aspergillus terreus and its evaluation. | the biomass yield, cellulolytic activity, and protein recovery using aspergillus terreus gn1 with alkali-treated sugarcane bagasse was studied using different levels (250-600 mg of n/l of broth) of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. e.g., cattle urine, urea, cornsteep liquor, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium iron sulfate, ammonium chloride, and sodium nitrate. among different levels of alkali-treated bagasse substrate concentrations (0.5-4.0% w/v) tested, 1.0% substrate yielded ... | 1982 | 18546104 |
| enzymic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by autohydrolysis-steam explosion. | pretreatment of bagasse by autohydrolysis at 200 degrees c for 4 min and explosive defibration resulted in the solubilization of 90% of the hemicellulose (a heteroxylan) and in the production of a pulp that was highly susceptible to hydrolysis by cellulases from trichoderma reesei c-30 and qm 9414, and by a comercial preparation, meicelase. saccharification yields of 50% resulted after 24 h at 50 degrees c (ph 5.0) in enzymic digests containing 10% (w/v) bagasse pulps and 20 filter paper cellula ... | 1983 | 18548636 |
| a generalized kinetic model for the study of microbial growth. | the following general equation is proposed to represent the kinetics of microbial growth \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\phi (dr/dt) + \psi r + x = 0$$\end{document}, where phi and psi depend on several parameters of the fermenting system. the values of phi and psi were calculated based on results obtained in a batch lactic acid fermentation, a batch cultivation of yeast on diesel oil, and a continuous cultivation of yeast on sugarcane molasses. | 1983 | 18548639 |
| effect of pretreatment on the hydrolysis of cellulose by penicillium funiculosum cellulase and recovery of enzyme. | penicillium funiculosum produces a complete cellulase which brings about 97% hydrolysis of cotton and has high beta-glucosidase, xylanase, laminarinase, and lichenase activities. this article deals with the effect of different pretreatments on the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by p. funiculosum enzymes and the recovery of enzyme from the insoluble residues. enzymic saccharification of bagasse pretreated with hot 1n naoh followed by neutralization with hci and steam treated under pressure (7 kg ... | 1983 | 18551487 |
| fed-batch cultivation of cellulomonas on sugarcane bagasse pith. | a high biomass concentration (19.9 g/l) was obtained with the fed-batch cultivation of cellulomonas on pretreated sugarcane bagasse pith. similar results in biomass concentration, yield, and substrated consumption were obtained with the discontinuous feed of bagasses as with discontinuous feed supplemented with a partial continuous addition of salts. two or more growth phases were detected, probably caused by the differential utilization of bagasse components. an acceptably low content of bagass ... | 1985 | 18553644 |
| hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by mycelial biomass of penicillium funiculosum. | | 1985 | 18553781 |
| astaxanthinogenesis in the yeast phaffia rhodozyma : optimization of low-cost culture media and yeast cell-wall lysis. | astaxanthin is a diketo-dihydroxy-carotenoid produced by phaffia rhodozyma, a basidiomicetous yeast. a low-cost fermentation medium consisting of raw sugarcane juice and urea was developed to exploit the active sucrolytic/urelolytic enzyme apparatus inherent to the yeast. as compared to the beneficial effect of 0.1 g% urea, a ready nitrogen source, mild phosphoric pre inversion of juice sucrose to glucose and fructose, promptly fermentable carbon sources, resulted in smaller benefits. corn steep ... | 1997 | 18576089 |
| invertase activity of intact cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae growing on sugarcane molasses. ii. unsteady-state continuous-culture tests. | during unsteady-state continuous culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae on sugarcane blackstrap molasses, the invertase activity of the intact yeast cells oscillated. disturbances were produced by changing medium composition, air rate, impeller speed, and dilution rate. the influence of the oxygen supply rate and of the dilution rate on the invertase activity depend on the medium composition. the highest invertase activity was obtained when, after a steady-state attained using unsupplemented cultur ... | 1987 | 18576577 |
| long-term effects of d-003, a mixture of high molecular weight acids from sugarcane wax, on bones of ovariectomized rats: a one year study. | this study was done to determine the long-term effect of d-003 on bones of ovariectomized (ovx) rats distrib-uted in 4 groups: a false-operated and three groups of ovx rats: one treated with the vehicle and two with d-003 (5 and 250 mg/kg). d-003 significantly prevented, in a dose-dependent fashion, the trabecular bone volume (tbv), trabecular number (tbn) and trabecular thickness (tbth) reduction induced in ovx rats and the increase of trabecular separation (tbsp) osteoclast number (ocn) and os ... | 2008 | 18604996 |
| establishment of cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae) in sugarcane fields of ethiopia and origin of founding population. | cotesia flavipes (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae) is used as a classical biological control agent against chilo partellus (swinhoe) (lepidoptera: crambidae), a serious exotic pest of cereal crops in eastern and southern africa. this parasitoid has been introduced into several african countries for the control of c. partellus in maize, zea mays l., and sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.), but it has never been released in ethiopia. it is hypothesized that it spread into ethiopia from populations rel ... | 2008 | 18613566 |
| evolutionary relationship between defensins in the poaceae family strengthened by the characterization of new sugarcane defensins. | plant defensins are small (45-54 amino acids), highly basic, cysteine-rich peptides structurally related to defensins of other organisms, including insects and mammals. small putative proteins (mw < 10 kda) containing eight cysteines were screened based on the sugarcane expressed sequence tag (est) database. we selected orfs that exhibited 25-100% similarity in primary sequence with other defensins in the ncbi database and that contained eight cysteines. this similarity is sufficient for folding ... | 2008 | 18618271 |
| pva-hydrogel entrapped candida guilliermondii for xylitol production from sugarcane hemicellulose hydrolysate. | viable cells of candida guilliermondii were immobilized by inclusion into polyvinyl alcohol (pva) hydrogel using the freezing-thawing method. entrapment experiments were planned according to a 2(3) full factorial design, using the pva concentration (80, 100, and 120 g l(-1)), the freezing temperature (-10, -15, and -20 degrees c), and the number of freezing-thawing cycles (one, three, and five) as the independent variables, integrated with three additional tests to estimate the errors. the effec ... | 2009 | 18633733 |
| coat protein of potyviruses. i. comparison of the four australian strains of sugarcane mosaic virus. | as an aid to a more rational classification of the potyvirus group, we have examined the molecular weight, amino acid composition, and tryptic peptide map of the coat protein of four australian sugarcane mosaic virus strains: johnson grass (jg), sugarcane (sc), queensland blue couch grass (bc), and sabi grass (sabi). the proteins migrated as a single band in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with molecular weights of 33,700 (sc), 34,200 (jg), 39,100 (bc), and 40,300 (sabi). the bc and sabi ... | 1981 | 18635056 |
| towards a system for the identification and classification of potyviruses. ii. virus particle length, symptomatology, and cytopathology of six distinct viruses. | the mean particle lengths of lettuce mosaic virus (lmv), bean common mosaic virus (bcmv), passionfruit woodiness virus (pwv), potato virus y (pvy), sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), and one strain of bean yellow mosaic virus (bymv) were all shown to be close to 750 nm. however, the length of two other serologically closely related strains of bymv, variants of pea mosaic virus referred to as pmv and spmv, had significantly longer particles, about 792 and 842 nm. each of the distinct viruses had read ... | 1981 | 18635068 |
| novel isolates for biological detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysate. | in this paper, two new strians, issatchenkia occidentalis (lj-3, cctcc m 2006097) and issatchenkia orienalis (s-7, cctcc m 2006098), isolated from different environments on solid media, were used in the detoxification process of the hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse. high-pressure liquid chromatography elution curve of uv-absorption compounds represented by acetic acid, furfural, and guaiacol (toxic compounds found in the hemicellulosic hydrolysate) showed that several chromatograp ... | 2009 | 18649037 |
| characterization of new is elements and studies of their dispersion in two subspecies of leifsonia xyli. | leifsonia xyli is a xylem-inhabiting bacterial species comprised of two subspecies: l. xyli subsp. xyli (lxx) and l. xyli subsp. cynodontis (lxc). lxx is the causal agent of ratoon stunting disease in sugarcane commercial fields and lxc colonizes the xylem of several grasses causing either mild or no symptoms of disease. the completely sequenced genome of lxx provided insights into its biology and pathogenicity. since is elements are largely reported as an important source of bacterial genome di ... | 2008 | 18655699 |
| performance of dairy goats fed whole sugarcane. | five lactating goats were used in a 5x5 latin square experiment to determine the effects of feeding whole sugarcane (wsc) on intake, total tract nutrient digestibilities, milk yield and milk composition. goats were fed diets containing 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g kg(-1) wsc and 400, 300, 200, 100, and 0 g kg(-1) tifton hay (th). intake of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) decreased linearly (p<0.05) as the level of wsc in the diet increased. total tract nutrient digestibilities were n ... | 2009 | 18663596 |
| saccharibacillus sacchari gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from sugar cane. | a bacterial strain designated gr21t was isolated from apoplastic fluid of saccharum officinarum (sugar cane). phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that the isolate forms a separate branch within the family 'paenibacillaceae', with paenibacillus as the closest related genus. within this genus, the closest related species is paenibacillus xylanilyticus, with 93.4 % similarity to the sequence of the type strain. the isolate has gram-variable, facultatively anaerobic, rod-sh ... | 2008 | 18676467 |
| study of sugarcane pieces as yeast supports for ethanol production from sugarcane juice and molasses. | due to the environmental concerns and the increasing price of oil, bioethanol was already produced in large amount in brazil and china from sugarcane juice and molasses. in order to make this process competitive, we have investigated the suitability of immobilized saccharomyces cerevisiae strain as2.1190 on sugarcane pieces for production of ethanol. electron microscopy clearly showed that cell immobilization resulted in firm adsorption of the yeast cells within subsurface cavities, capillary fl ... | 2008 | 18685877 |
| significant improvement of stress tolerance in tobacco plants by overexpressing a stress-responsive aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from maize (zea mays). | aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) play a central role in detoxification processes of aldehydes generated in plants when exposed to the stressed conditions. in order to identify genes required for the stresses responses in the grass crop zea mays, an aldh (zmaldh22a1) gene was isolated and characterized. zmaldh22a1 belongs to the family aldh22 that is currently known only in plants. the zmaldh22a1 encodes a protein of 593 amino acids that shares high identity with the orthologs from saccharum offic ... | 2008 | 18688729 |
| production of ethanol by filamentous and yeast-like forms of mucor indicus from fructose, glucose, sucrose, and molasses. | the fungus mucor indicus is found in this study able to consume glucose and fructose, but not sucrose in fermentation of sugarcane and sugar beet molasses. this might be an advantage in industries which want to selectively remove glucose and fructose for crystallisation of sucrose present in the molasses. on the other hand, the fungus assimilated sucrose after hydrolysis by the enzyme invertase. the fungus efficiently grew on glucose and fructose and produced ethanol in synthetic media or from m ... | 2008 | 18712551 |
| decolorization of synthetic melanoidins-containing wastewater by a bacterial consortium. | the presence of melanoidins in molasses wastewater leads to water pollution both due to its dark brown color and its cod contents. in this study, a bacterial consortium isolated from waterfall sediment was tested for its decolorization. the identification of culturable bacteria by 16s rdna based approach showed that the consortium composed of klebsiella oxytoca, serratia mercescens, citrobacter sp. and unknown bacterium. in the context of academic study, prevention on the difficulties of providi ... | 2008 | 18712559 |
| enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by n-methylmorpholine-n-oxide pretreatment. | the cellulose dissolution solvent used in lyocell process for cellulose fiber preparation, n-methylmorpholine-n-oxide (nmmo) monohydrate, was demonstrated to be an effective agent for sugarcane bagasse pretreatment. bagasse of 20wt% was readily dissolved in nmmo monohydrate at 130 degrees c within 1h. after dissolution, bagasse could be regenerated by rapid precipitation with water as a porous and amorphous mixture of its original components. the regenerated bagasse exhibited a significant enhan ... | 2009 | 18713663 |
| identification of three genotypes of sugarcane yellow leaf virus causing yellow leaf disease from india and their molecular characterization. | sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) that causes yellow leaf disease (yld) in sugarcane (recently reported in india) belongs to polerovirus. detailed studies were conducted to characterize the virus based on partial open reading frames (orfs) 1 and 2 and complete orfs 3 and 4 sequences in their genome. reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was performed on 48 sugarcane leaf samples to detect the virus using a specific set of primers. of the 48 samples, 36 samples (field samples ... | 2008 | 18751882 |
| the complete sequence of a sugarcane mosaic virus isolate causing maize dwarf mosaic disease in china. | the complete sequence of a potyvirus from maize in zhejiang province was determined. the rna was 9596 nucleotides long, excluding the 3'-poly (a) tail, and there was a single long open reading frame (orf) of 9192 nts encoding a 346.1 ku polyprotein. the polyprotein had substantial amino acid sequence homology with those encoded by the rnas of a chinese isolate of sorghum mosaic virus (srmv-c) and a bulgarian isolate of maize dwarf mosaic virus, but it was most closely related to sugarcane mosaic ... | 2002 | 18759055 |
| a comparison between lime and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse for ethanol production. | pretreatment procedures of sugarcane bagasse with lime (calcium hydroxide) or alkaline hydrogen peroxide were evaluated and compared. analyses were performed using 2 x 2 x 2 factorial designs, with pretreatment time, temperature, and lime loading and hydrogen peroxide concentration as factors. the responses evaluated were the yield of total reducing sugars (trs) and glucose released from pretreated bagasse after enzymatic hydrolysis. experiments were performed using the bagasse as it comes from ... | 2008 | 18767207 |
| mitochondrial nucleotide variability in invasive populations of the root weevil diaprepes abbreviatus (coleoptera: curculionidae) of florida and preliminary assessment of diaprepes sp. from dominica. | diaprepes abbreviatus (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) is a root weevil introduced into the united states from the caribbean in 1964. it is associated with >300 plants, including citrus, sugarcane, and potatoes. d. abbreviatus is widespread in florida, and it has recently been detected in limited areas of california and texas. the purpose of this research is to evaluate the utility of 16s ribosomal (16s rrna) and cytochrome oxidase i (coi) mitochondrial markers for the delineation of genetic pop ... | 2008 | 18767759 |
| radiological hazards of narghile (hookah, shisha, goza) smoking: activity concentrations and dose assessment. | narghile (hookah, shisha, goza, "water-pipe") smoking has become fashionable worldwide. its tobacco pastes, known as moassel and jurak, are not standardized and generally contain about 30-50% (sometimes more) tobacco, molasses/juice of sugarcane, various spices and dried fruits (particularly in jurak) and, in the case of moassel, glycerol and flavoring essences. tobacco contains minute amounts of radiotoxic elements such as (210)pb, (210)po and uranium, which are inhaled via smoking. only very f ... | 2008 | 18768240 |
| the pic19 nbs-lrr gene family members are closely linked to scmv1, but not involved in maize resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus. | sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is the causal pathogen for a severe mosaic virus disease of maize worldwide. in our previous research, the maize resistance gene analog (rga) pic19 and its three cognate bac contigs were mapped to the same region as the scmv resistance gene scmv1. here we report the isolation and characterization of the pic19r gene family members from the inbred line fap1360a, which shows complete resistance to scmv. two primer pairs were designed based on the conserved regions amon ... | 2008 | 18772945 |
| effects of entomopathogenic bacterium photorhabdus temperata infection on the digestive enzymes of diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) larvae. | this study investigated the effects of photorhabdus temperata infection on the activities of digestive enzymes of the sugarcane stalk borer diatraea saccharalis. non-infected d. saccharalis larvae present a major alpha-amylase, several proteinases, three sucrose hydrolases and two alpha-glucosidases in their midgut. analysis of these hydrolases by electrophoresis and "in gel" assays showed that the activities of all enzymes decreased following infection, with an initial decline observed 12 h aft ... | 2008 | 18782059 |
| pilot study of manual sugarcane harvesting using biomechanical analysis. | in many countries, sugar cane harvesting is a very labor-intensive activity in which workers usually become fatigued after manually cutting the cane for a few hours. they need frequent pauses for rest, and they experience sustained injuries from excessive stress on the joints and muscles of the body. the cutting tool and motion involved directly influence the stresses created. a cutting tool that has not been designed by taking into consideration occupational biomechanics can lead to unnecessary ... | 2008 | 18788332 |
| technical viability of the production, partial purification and characterisation of inulinase using pretreated agroindustrial residues. | the present work aimed to study the viability of the use of sugarcane molasses and corn steep liquor (csl) in a sequential inulinase production performing an up-stream pretreatment of these agroindustrial residues. a sequential strategy was used applying three central composite rotatable designs (ccrds) to optimise medium composition, followed by a down-stream step. the medium containing 150 g l(-1) molasses, 50 g l(-1) csl and 6 g l(-1) yeast extract, yielded a maximum inulinase production of 1 ... | 2009 | 18820951 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphisms reveal genetic differentiation among strains of xanthomonas albilineans. | xanthomonas albilineans, the causative agent of leaf scald disease (lsd), colonizes the vascular system of sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrids). in this study x. albilineans strains from 28 countries were differentiated by using two methods of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp). in the manual procedure, aflp reactions were performed on 57 x. albilineans strains and after selective amplification using radiolabelled primers, the resulting products were separated using polyacrylamide gel e ... | 2009 | 18834907 |
| land-use planning in the chaco plain (burruyacú, argentina). part 1: evaluating land-use options to support crop diversification in an agricultural frontier area using physical land evaluation. | the burruyacú district (tucumán province, argentina) is a farming frontier in the western chaco plain, at the foothills of the sub-andean mountain ranges, where agricultural land-uses are in conflict with the conservation and management of the chaco forest. over the last decades, large-scale farming rapidly expanded due to population pressure, attractive market prices, easy accessibility, favourable annual rainfall, fertile soils, and flexible land tenure. cropland extension, mainly for heavily ... | 2008 | 18850245 |
| improvement on citric acid production in solid-state fermentation by aspergillus niger lpb bc mutant using citric pulp. | citric acid (ca) production has been conducted through a careful strain selection, physical-chemical optimization and mutation. the aim of this work was to optimize the physical-chemical conditions of ca production by solid-state fermentation (ssf) using the aspergillus niger lpb bc strain, which was isolated in our laboratory. the parental and mutant strain showed a good production of ca using citric pulp (cp) as a substrate. the physical-chemical parameters were optimized and the best producti ... | 2009 | 18925364 |
| in vitro rearing of perkinsiella saccharicida and the use of leaf segments to assay fiji disease virus transmission. | fiji leaf gall (flg) is caused by the reovirus, fiji disease virus (fdv), which is transmitted to sugarcane by planthoppers of the genus perkinsiella. low vector transmission rates and slow disease symptom development make experimentation within the fdv-perkinsiella-sugarcane system inherently difficult. a laboratory-based technique was devised to rear the vector using sugarcane leaves as a food source. planthoppers were reared on sugarcane leaf segments embedded in agarose enclosed within plast ... | 2008 | 18943257 |
| high variation in pathogenicity of genetically closely related strains of xanthomonas albilineans, the sugarcane leaf scald pathogen, in guadeloupe. | abstract pathogenicity of 75 strains of xanthomonas albilineans from guadeloupe was assessed by inoculation of sugarcane cv. b69566, which is susceptible to leaf scald, and 19 of the strains were selected as representative of the variation in pathogenicity observed based on stalk colonization. in vitro production of albicidin varied among these 19 strains, but the restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern of their albicidin biosynthesis genes was identical. similarly, no genomic variation ... | 2006 | 18943496 |
| relationship between sugarcane rust severity and soil properties in louisiana. | abstract the extent of spatial and temporal variability of sugarcane rust (puccinia melanocephala) infestation was related to variation in soil properties in five commercial fields of sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of saccharum spp., cv. lcp 85-384) in southern louisiana. sugarcane fields were grid-soil sampled at several intensities and rust ratings were collected at each point over 6 to 7 weeks. soil properties exhibited significant variability (coefficients of variation = 9 to 70.1%) and we ... | 2007 | 18943606 |
| comparison of sandy soils suppressive or conducive to ectoparasitic nematode damage on sugarcane. | abstract two south african sandy soils, one suppressive and the other conducive to ectoparasitic nematode damage on monoculture sugarcane, were compared. analysis of field transects indicated that the suppressive soil displayed a comparatively higher population of the weak ectoparasite helicotylenchus dihystera, whose predominance among ectoparasitic nematodes is known to limit yield loss caused by more virulent phytonematodes. soil type was identical at both sites (entisols), but the suppressiv ... | 2003 | 18944073 |
| variation in albicidin biosynthesis genes and in pathogenicity of xanthomonas albilineans, the sugarcane leaf scald pathogen. | abstract total genomic dna from 137 strains of xanthomonas albilineans from worldwide locations was hybridized with two dna probes that together harbor the entire 49-kb albicidin biosynthesis gene cluster and two additional 3-kb genomic regions required for albicidin production. fourteen haplotypes and two major genetic groups (albicidin [alb]-restriction fragment length polymorphism [rflp] a and alb-rflp b) were identified, and strains that were isolated after recent outbreaks of leaf scald dis ... | 2006 | 18944203 |
| characterization of a novel potyvirus isolated from maize in israel. | a potyvirus (proposed name of zea mosaic virus [zemv]) isolated from maize in israel was analyzed by serology, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of capsid proteins, symptomatology, and sequencing. parts of the nuclear inclusion b, coat protein, and 3' regions were sequenced; the amino acid sequence of zemv capsid was determined by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (tofms). the results of these analyses were compared with those of similar analyses of the followin ... | 2000 | 18944557 |
| transmission, characterization, and serology of a luteovirus associated with yellow leaf syndrome of sugarcane. | abstract a previously uncharacterized luteovirus was associated with one form of yellow leaf syndrome (yls), a widespread disease of sugarcane (saccharum sp.). the virus was named sugarcane yellow leaf luteovirus (scylv), and was identified in major sugarcane-producing areas of the world. typical disease symptoms were reproduced when scylv was transmitted by melanaphis sacchari or rhopalosiphum maidis from infected to healthy sugarcane, suggesting that this virus may be the causal agent of one f ... | 2000 | 18944599 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping of resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus in maize. | abstract sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is an important virus disease of maize (zea mays) in europe. in this study, we mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting resistance to scmv in a maize population consisting of 219 f(3) or immortalized f(2) families from the cross of two european maize inbreds, d32 (resistant) x d145 (susceptible). resistance was evaluated in replicated field trials across two environments under artificial inoculation. the method of composite interval ... | 1999 | 18944678 |
| chromosome sizes of phytoplasmas composing major phylogenetic groups and subgroups. | abstract chromosome sizes of 71 phytoplasmas belonging to 12 major phylogenetic groups including several of the aster yellows subgroups were estimated from electrophoretic mobilities of full-length chromosomes in pulsed-field gels. considerable variation in genome size, from 660 to 1,130 kilobases (kb), was observed among aster yellows phytoplasmas. chromosome size heterogeneity was also observed in the stolbur phytoplasma group (range 860 to 1,350 kb); in this group, isolate stolf contains the ... | 1999 | 18944709 |
| identification of sugarcane striate mosaic-associated virus by partial characterization of its double-stranded rna. | abstract sugarcane striate mosaic (scsm)-affected sugarcane leaves contain a disease-associated 9-kilobase (kb) double-stranded rna (dsrna), usually together with 6- and 2.6-kb dsrnas. the purified 9-kb dsrna was amplified by the randomly primed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and cloned. the nucleotide sequences of three separate regions, representing about 2.55 kb (28%) of the dsrna sequence, were found to have significant similarities to viruses in the genera capillo-, carla-, fovea-, potex-, ... | 1999 | 18944730 |
| resistance to leaf scald disease is associated with limited colonization of sugarcane and wild relatives by xanthomonas albilineans. | abstract a streptomycin- and rifampicin-resistant mutant of xanthomonas al-bilineans was used to study symptom expression of leaf scald disease (lsd) and colonization of sugarcane (saccharum spp.) and its wild relatives by this bacterial pathogen. a total of 40 sugarcane cultivars and 15 clones from the saccharum complex that differed in resistance to lsd were inoculated by a decapitation technique in both field and greenhouse experiments. in the plant crop, disease severity varied between 0 for ... | 1997 | 18945019 |
| sequence and relationships of sugarcane mosaic and sorghum mosaic virus strains and development of rt-pcr-based rflps for strain discrimination. | abstract sugarcane mosaic is the most widespread virus disease affecting sugarcane production. we have established a collection of seven prominent sugarcane mosaic potyvirus (scmv) strains currently causing disease in sugarcane throughout the world and originally found in sugarcane in the united states. this collection includes scmv strains a, b, d, and e, and the sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) strains sch, sci, and scm. these viruses were propagated on sorghum bicolor cv. rio and purified. cloned ... | 1997 | 18945064 |
| purification, properties, and diagnosis of banana bract mosaic potyvirus and its distinction from abaca mosaic potyvirus. | abstract using biochemical, serological, and cytopathological evidence, we have confirmed that banana bract mosaic virus (bbrmv) is a distinct member of the family potyviridae. virions of a philippine isolate of bbrmv were purified from field-infected banana cv. cardaba. particles were approximately 725-nm long, banded at a density equivalent to 1.29 to 1.31 g/ml in cesium chloride equilibrium gradients, and had an a(260/280) of 1.17. yields of about 4 mg/kg were obtained from fresh or frozen le ... | 1997 | 18945091 |
| intraspecific genomic variation within xanthomonas albilineans, the sugarcane leaf scald pathogen. | abstract to better understand the nature of recent outbreaks of leaf scald disease of sugarcane in a number of sugarcane production regions of the world including florida, guadeloupe, louisiana, mauritius, taiwan, and texas, a study of the worldwide genetic variation of the pathogen was undertaken. a total of 218 strains from 31 geographic locations were examined. genomic dna of each strain was digested with the rare cutting restriction enzyme spei, and the fragments were separated by pulsed-fie ... | 1997 | 18945175 |
| semen quality in schistosoma haematobium infected men in madagascar. | the seminal vesicles and the prostate are frequently affected by egg-induced inflammation in schistosoma haematobium infected men. the objective of this study was to assess the semen quality in men with male genital schistosomiasis (mgs). the examination of the semen samples was performed in men aged 15 to 49 years living an s. haematobium endemic area in madagascar prior to anti-schistosoma treatment with praziquantel and five months later. men from the high endemic sirama sugarcane plantation ... | 2009 | 18950598 |
| organophosphorus derivatives containing isatin-3-hydrazones as chemotherapeutants against fungal pathogens of sugarcane. | a total of 20 novel organophosphorus derivatives have been synthesized by the reactions of o,o-diethylchlorophosphate/thiophosphate with isatin-3-(substituted benzoic acid/phenoxy acetic acid hydrazones). the derivatives have been characterized on the basis of analysis and spectral (ir and (1)h and (13)c nmr) data. fungicidal activities of the derivatives against colletotrichum falcatum , fusarium oxysporum , and curvularia pallescence have been evaluated. the screening results have been correla ... | 2008 | 18954075 |
| susceptibility of cry1ab-resistant and -susceptible sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) to four bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.), is a primary corn stalk borer pest targeted by transgenic corn expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) proteins in many areas of the mid-southern region of the united states. recently, genes encoding for cry1a.105 and cry2ab2 bt proteins were transferred into corn plants (event mon 89034) for controlling lepidopteran pests. this new generation of bt corn with stacked-genes of cry1a.105 and cry2ab2 will become commercially available in 2009. susceptibili ... | 2009 | 18955062 |
| engineering sugarcane cultivars with bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (aprotinin) gene for protection against top borer (scirpophaga excerptalis walker). | the inhibitory activity of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (aprotinin), a natural polypeptide and a proteinase inhibitor, was demonstrated on gut proteinases of three lepidopteran borers of sugarcane using commercially available aprotinin. a synthetic gene coding for aprotinin, designed and codon optimized for better expression in plant system (shantaram 1999), was transferred to two sugarcane cultivars namely coc 92061 and co 86032 through particle bombardment. aprotinin gene expression was ... | 2009 | 18985354 |
| utilization of sugarcane industrial residues as animal food and probiotic medium. | sugar production from sugarcane generates residual products, currently, many of which are waste products. at the same time, introduction of probiotic bacteria to food animals needs an economical production medium. fermentation of sugarcane blunting, an industrial residue, inoculated with ruminant probiotic bacteria was investigated. fermentation was carried out using native flora (nf) alone, nf plus a goat probiotic lactic acid bacterium (lab), and nf plus goat probiotic co-inoculated with two l ... | 2008 | 19000612 |
| comparative hydrolysis and fermentation of sugarcane and agave bagasse. | sugarcane and agave bagasse samples were hydrolyzed with either mineral acids (hcl), commercial glucanases or a combined treatment consisting of alkaline delignification followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. acid hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse yielded a higher level of reducing sugars (37.21% for depithed bagasse and 35.37% for pith bagasse), when compared to metzal or metzontete (agave pinecone and leaves, 5.02% and 9.91%, respectively). an optimized enzyme formulation was used to process sugar c ... | 2009 | 19000863 |
| bioremediation of chromium(vi) contaminated soil by streptomyces sp. mc1. | this work provides quantitative information on cr(vi) reduction in soil samples by an indigenous actinomycete. streptomyces sp. mc1, previously isolated from sugarcane, has shown ability to reduce cr(vi) in liquid minimal medium. a reduction of 100 and 75% was obtained at initial cr(vi) concentrations of 5 and 50 mg l(-1), respectively, after 48 h of incubation. bioremediation ability of streptomyces sp. mc1 was assayed in soil extracts and soil samples. relative growth of streptomyces sp. mc1 w ... | 2009 | 19025876 |
| bioindicator production with bacillus atrophaeus' thermal-resistant spores cultivated by solid-state fermentation. | bacillus atrophaeus' spores are used in the preparation of bioindicators to monitor the dry heat, ethylene oxide, and plasma sterilization processes and in tests to assess sterilizing products. earlier production methods involved culture in chemically defined medium to support sporulation with the disadvantage of requiring an extended period of time (14 days) besides high cost of substrates. the effect of cultivation conditions by solid-state fermentation (ssf) was investigated aiming at improvi ... | 2009 | 19039586 |
| simple sequence repeat markers useful for sorghum downy mildew (peronosclerospora sorghi) and related species. | a recent outbreak of sorghum downy mildew in texas has led to the discovery of both metalaxyl resistance and a new pathotype in the causal organism, peronosclerospora sorghi. these observations and the difficulty in resolving among phylogenetically related downy mildew pathogens dramatically point out the need for simply scored markers in order to differentiate among isolates and species, and to study the population structure within these obligate oomycetes. here we present the initial results f ... | 2008 | 19040756 |
| the p0 gene of sugarcane yellow leaf virus encodes an rna silencing suppressor with unique activities. | the sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) p0, a member of the highly heterologous proteins of poleroviruses, is a suppressor of posttranscriptional gene silencing (ptgs) and has additional activities not seen in other p0 proteins. the p0 protein in previously tested poleroviruses (beet western yellows virus and cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus), suppresses local, but not systemic, ptgs induced by both sense gfp and inverted repeat gf using its f-box-like domain to mediate destabilization of the ... | 2009 | 19046592 |
| lime pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for bioethanol production. | the pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with lime (calcium hydroxide) is evaluated. the effect of lime pretreatment on digestibility was studied through analyses using central composite design (response surface), considering pretreatment time, temperature, and lime loading as factors. the responses evaluated were the yield of glucose from pretreated bagasse after enzymatic hydrolysis. experiments were performed using the bagasse as it comes from an alcohol/sugar factory (non-screened bagasse) and ... | 2009 | 19050835 |
| genetic diversity among viruses associated with sugarcane mosaic disease in tucumán, argentina. | sugarcane leaves with mosaic symptoms were collected in 2006--07 in tucumán (argentina) and analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and sequencing of a fragment of the sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) and sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) coat protein (cp) genes. scmv was detected in 96.6% of samples, with 41% showing the rflp profile consistent with strain e. the remaining samples produced eight different profiles that did not ... | 2009 | 19055433 |
| study of the long-term carcinogenicity potential of d-003, a mixture of high molecular weight sugarcane wax acids, in mice. | d-003, a mixture of high aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar cane wax, has shown cholesterol-lowering, anti-platelet and antioxidant effects. previous data demonstrated that d-003 was not toxic or carcinogenic when given orally to sprague-dawley rats up to 1500 mg/kg. this study investigated the potential long-term oral carcinogenicity of d-003 in a second rodent species. of1 mice of both sexes were randomized into 4 groups treated for 18 months: a vehicle control group and three groups ... | 2009 | 19056453 |
| impact of 9 years of bt-maize cultivation on the distribution of maize viruses. | this study assesses the effect of bt-maize on the distribution of maize viruses. random surveys were conducted in spain between 2001 and 2006 to evaluate the occurrence of maize viruses in bt-maize cultivation areas and in areas where this crop had not been introduced. maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv) was the predominant virus in bt-areas, and maize rough dwarf virus (mrdv) was the most predominant one in non-bt-areas, with mrdv an emergent virus in both types of areas. a decline in the occurrenc ... | 2009 | 19067216 |
| the studies on nutrient balances in crossbred cattle bulls fed chopped green sugarcane tops supplemented with some agro industrial by- products. | fifteen adult crossbred cattle bulls, 18-22 months old (mean body weight 286.33 + 9.43) were divided into 3 groups following rbd design and were fed sugarcane tops (sct) supplemented with some agro-industrial byproducts and concentrate feeds to determine nitrogen, ca and p in crossbred cattle bull. for this purpose, crossbred cattle bulls were fed for 30 days ad lib sct supplemented with wheat bran (wb), lentil chuni (lc) and wb + lc (50:50) in group i, ii, and iii respectively. the balance valu ... | 2009 | 19067220 |
| production, characterization, and properties of sophorolipids from the yeast candida bombicola using a low-cost fermentative medium. | the yeast candida bombicola produces biosurfactant with properties akin to those of sophorolipid (sl) group of compounds. in the present work, the yeast was shown to produce 63.7 g l(-1) sl when grown on a cheap fermentative medium containing sugarcane molasses, yeast extract, urea, and soybean oil. the partially purified sl was characterized and confirmed by fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy, 1h and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy ( ... | 2009 | 19082764 |
| assembly of recombinant coat protein of sugarcane streak mosaic virus into potyvirus-like particles. | coat protein (cp) gene of sugarcane streak mosaic virus-ap isolate (scsmv-ap) was expressed in e. coli and recombinant cp (scsmv-ap rcp) was purified by linear sucrose density gradient centrifugation. observation of purified scsmv-ap rcp under electron microscope revealed the presence of potyvirus-like particles (pvlps). the assembled particles were shown to encapsidate cp gene transcripts by slot-blot hybridization. | 2008 | 19090352 |
| purification, kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of soluble acid invertase from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.). | we report for the first time kinetic and thermodynamic properties of soluble acid invertase (sai) of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) salt sensitive local cultivar cp 77-400 (cp-77). the sai was purified to apparent homogeneity on fplc system. the crude enzyme was about 13 fold purified and recovery of sai was 35%. the invertase was monomeric in nature and its native molecular mass on gel filtration and subunit mass on sds-page was 28 kda. sai was highly acidic having an optimum ph lower tha ... | 2009 | 19091583 |
| use of saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane) as biomaterial for cell immobilization and modulated ethanol production by thermotolerant saccharomyces cerevisiae vs3. | saccharum spontaneum is a wasteland weed consists of 45.10+/-0.35% cellulose and 22.75+/-0.28% of hemicellulose on dry solid (ds) basis. aqueous ammonia delignified s. spontaneum yielded total reducing sugars, 53.91+/-0.44 g/l (539.10+/-0.55 mg/g of substrate) with a hydrolytic efficiency of 77.85+/-0.45%. the enzymes required for hydrolysis were prepared from culture supernatants of aspergillus oryzae mtcc 1846. a maximum of 0.85+/-0.07 iu/ml of filter paperase (fpase), 1.25+/-0.04 iu/ml of car ... | 2009 | 19114303 |
| aspergillus fumigatus thermophilic and acidophilic endoglucanases. | this study evaluated the production of cellulolytic enzymes by an aspergillus fumigatus strain, isolated from sugar cane bagasse, according to its ability to grow on microcrystalline cellulose as the sole carbon source. the effect of the carbon source (brewer's spent grain, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat bran) and of the nitrogen source (corn steep liquor and sodium nitrate) on cellulase production was studied using submerged and solid state cultivations at 30 degrees c. the highest levels of endo ... | 2009 | 19127443 |
| a comparison between shaker and bioreactor performance based on the kinetic parameters of xanthan gum production. | xanthan gum production was studied using sugarcane broth as the raw material and batch fermentation by xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris nrrl b-1459. the purpose of this study was to optimize the variables of sucrose, yeast extract, and ammonium nitrate concentrations and to determine the kinetic parameters of this bioreaction under optimized conditions. the effects of yeast extract and ammonium nitrate concentrations for a given sucrose concentration (12.1-37.8 g l(-1)) were evaluated by ce ... | 2009 | 19130306 |
| characterization of scmat1, a putative tfiih subunit from sugarcane. | the general transcription factor tfiih is a multiprotein complex with different enzymatic activities such as helicase, protein kinase and dna repair. mat1 (ménage à trois 1) is one of the tfiih subunits that has kinase activity and it is the third subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-activating kinase (cak), cdk7- cyclin h. the main objective of this work was to characterize scmat1, a sugarcane gene encoding a mat1 homolog. northern blots and in situ hybridization results showed that scm ... | 2009 | 19148648 |
| rapid identification of viruses causing sugarcane mosaic by direct sequencing of rt-pcr products from crude extracts: a method for large scale virus surveys. | sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) and sorghum mosaic virus (srmv) diversity studies are important to characterize virus populations in sugarcane producing areas, enabling (i) identification of shifts in predominant strains, (ii) detecting associations of strains with specific varieties, and (iii) possibly exposing the appearance of new strains which may affect the performance of varieties in a region. recent studies have shown significant sequence variability within scmv populations around the world ... | 2009 | 19152809 |
| seed, soil and vegetative transmission contribute to the spread of pecluviruses in western africa and the indian sub-continent. | peanut clump and sugarcane red leaf mottle diseases are caused by viruses of the genus pecluvirus. indian peanut clump virus occurs in the indian sub-continent and peanut clump virus in west africa. a feature of these viruses is that they are both seed and soil transmitted. both modes of transmission contribute to long-term persistence and field spread. data on seed transmission in pearl millet, virus movement within the plant and virus diversity based on rna-1 partial sequences are presented. t ... | 2009 | 19152814 |
| validation of candidate genes putatively associated with resistance to scmv and mdmv in maize (zea mays l.) by expression profiling. | the potyviruses sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (mdmv) are major pathogens of maize worldwide. two loci, scmv1 and scmv2, have ealier been shown to confer complete resistance to scmv. custom-made microarrays containing previously identified scmv resistance candidate genes and resistance gene analogs were utilised to investigate and validate gene expression and expression patterns of isogenic lines under pathogen infection in order to obtain information about the molecu ... | 2009 | 19187556 |
| production of a his-tagged canecystatin in transgenic sugarcane and subsequent purification. | transgenic plants have been used widely as expression systems of recombinant proteins in recent years. this process can be an efficient alternative for the large-scale production of proteins. in this work, we present the establishment of transgenic sugarcane expressing a his-tagged canecystatin under the control of the maize ubiquitin promoter. a number of studies have demonstrated that cystatins, which are natural inhibitors of cysteine proteinases, can be used for protection against insect att ... | 2008 | 19194914 |
| inoculation of sugarcane with pantoea sp. increases amino acid contents in shoot tissues; serine, alanine, glutamine and asparagine permit concomitantly ammonium excretion and nitrogenase activity of the bacterium. | pantoea sp. is an endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from sugarcane tissues. the aim of the present study was to determine the contents of amino acids in sugarcane as a result of inoculation of nodes and nodal roots with pantoea sp. strain 9c and to evaluate the effects of amino acids on growth, nitrogenase activity and ammonium excretion of the bacterium. content of almost all amino acids increased in 30-day-old plantlets by root inoculation. the most abundant amino acids in shoot ti ... | 2009 | 19215998 |
| optimization of verticillium lecanii spore production in solid-state fermentation on sugarcane bagasse. | verticillium lecanii is an entomopathogen with high potential in biological control of pests. we developed a solid-state fermentation with sugarcane bagasse as carrier absorbing liquid medium to propagate v. lecanii spores. using statistical experimental design, we optimized the medium composition for spore production. we first used one-factor-at-a-time design to identify corn flour and yeast extract as the best carbon and nitrogen sources for the spore production of v. lecanii. then, we used tw ... | 2009 | 19221736 |
| peanut clump virus transmission by polymyxa graminis under controlled conditions. | more than fifteen soil-borne viruses belonging to the beny-, bymo-, furo- or pecluvirus, causing diseases on cereals and groundnut, are transmitted by the soil-borne protist root endoparasite polymyxo graminis. five special forms are distinguished within this species on the basis of their specific ecological and molecular characteristics, but the specificity of the transmission of the viruses by these forms has been little investigated. in order to analyse the virus-vector interaction, the trans ... | 2008 | 19226743 |
| effects of different concentrations of sugarcane alcohol on food intake and nutritional status of male and female periadolescent rats. | the present study evaluated the effects of food and alcohol intake on the nutritional and metabolic status of male and female periadolescent rats submitted to single (15%) and multiple (10%, 20%, 30%) concentrations of hydroalcoholic solutions of sugar-based alcohol associated with a feed mixture. thirty-six periadolescent wistar rats were used and randomly arranged into three groups: group a (control; 0% ethanol; six males and six females), group b (15% ethanol; six males and six females), and ... | 2009 | 19251115 |
| cellulase production from spent lignocellulose hydrolysates by recombinant aspergillus niger. | a recombinant aspergillus niger strain expressing the hypocrea jecorina endoglucanase cel7b was grown on spent hydrolysates (stillage) from sugarcane bagasse and spruce wood. the spent hydrolysates served as excellent growth media for the cel7b-producing strain, a. niger d15[egi], which displayed higher endoglucanase activities in the spent hydrolysates than in standard medium with a comparable monosaccharide content (e.g., 2,100 nkat/ml in spent bagasse hydrolysate compared to 480 nkat/ml in st ... | 2009 | 19251882 |
| inexpensive fed-batch cultivation for high poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by a new isolate of bacillus megaterium. | this research aimed at increasing the cell density and production of the homopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) by bacillus megaterium ba-019, using renewable and inexpensive bioresources as a substrate. a higher cell density and a greater phb production level were obtained by using sugarcane molasses and urea as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. the limitation of nitrogen at a c/n molar ratio of 25 resulted in enhanced cell growth and phb production in batch cultures. fed-batch cultivat ... | 2009 | 19269585 |
| survey of crop losses in response to phytoparasitic nematodes in the united states for 1994. | previous reports of crop losses to plant-parasitic nematodes have relied on published results of survey data based on certain commodities, including tobacco, peanuts, cotton, and soybean. reports on crop-loss assessment by land-grant universities and many commodity groups generally are no longer available, with the exception of the university of georgia, the beltwide cotton conference, and selected groups concerned with soybean. the society of nematologists extension committee contacted extensio ... | 1999 | 19270925 |
| effects of culture method and formulation on the virulence of steinernema riobrave (rhabditida: steinernematidae) to diaprepes abbreviatus (coleoptera: curculionidae). | the diaprepes root weevil, diaprepes abbreviatus, is a pest of vegetables, ornamental plants, sugarcane, and citrus in florida and the caribbean. the entomopathogenic nematode, steinernema riobrave, can reduce larval populations of d. abbreviatus substantially. efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes, however, may be affected by culture method and formulation. using d. abbreviatus as the host, we compared the efficacy of two commercial s. riobrave formulations, a liquid and a waterdispersible gra ... | 2000 | 19270978 |
| alpha-amylase production by streptomyces erumpens mtcc 7317 in solid state fermentation using response surface methodology (rsm). | production of alpha-amylase under solid state fermentation by streptomyces erumpens mtcc 7317 has been investigated using different agro-industrial residues, i.e. cassava bagasse, sugarcane bagasse and wheat bran; wheat bran was found to be the best substrate. among different nitrogen source supplemented to wheat bran, beef extract or peptone (1%) showed maximum enzyme production. response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of main process parameters as incubation period (48 h), ... | 2008 | 19275042 |
| survey of nematodes on coffee in hawaii. | surveys of coffee fields in hawaii during 1989-1991 indicated the presence of 10 nematode species in 8 genera. after coffee was planted in fields previously in sugarcane, populations of criconemella sp. and pratylenchus zeae gradually decreased, while rotylenchulus reniformis and, in one field, meloidogyne incognita, increased in numbers. coffee is a poor host of r. reniformis, but weeds in coffee plantations may support this nematode. at present, nematodes pose no serious threat to hawaii's exp ... | 1992 | 19283060 |
| nematode interactions with weeds and sugarcane mosaic virus in louisiana sugarcane. | weeds did not appear to serve as reservoirs for phytophagous louisiana sugarcane nematode populations except for criconemella spp., meloidogyne spp., tylenchorhynchus annulatus, and total phytophagous nematode densities were lower on weed-stressed cane and were accompanied by reduced accumulations of free cysteine, proline, and 13 other free amino acids in sugarcane. a significant weed-virus interaction for sugarcane free cysteine accumulation was detected; t. annulatus populations were highly c ... | 1990 | 19287686 |
| plant-parasitic nematode problems in the pacific islands. | the pacific islands have a diverse range of food and cash crops with indigenous and introduced nematode problems. the staple food crops have serious nematode pests, such as meloidogyne spp. on sweet potato, hirschmanniella miticausa causing corm rot of taro, and pratylenchus coffeae and radopholus sp. producing tuber dry rot of yams. bananas are infested with p. coffeae or r. similis, citrus with tylenchulus semipenetrans, rice with aphelenchoides besseyi, and ginger with meloidogyne spp. and r. ... | 1988 | 19290200 |
| nematode problems affecting agriculture in the philippines. | nematodes are considered major pests on most economic crops in the philippines, particularly on banana, pineapple, citrus, tomato, ramie, and sugarcane. radopholus similis is the most destructive nematode on banana, while meloidogyne spp. are more serious on various vegetable crops such as tomato, okra, and celery and on fiber crops such as ramie. tylenchulus semipenetrans is a problem on citrus and rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple and some legume crops. hirschmanniella oryzae and aphelench ... | 1988 | 19290204 |
| xiphidorus amazonensis n. sp. (nematoda: longidoridae) from the brazilian amazon basin. | xiphidorus amazonensis n. sp. was found in the rhizospheres of jatropha curcas, musa sp., anona muricata, cassia tora, panicum laxum, paspalum fasciculatum, aeschynomene sensitiva, saccharum officinarum, manihot esculenta, abelmoschus esculentus, tamarindus indica, mangifera indica, vigna unguiculata, zea mays, commelina sp., cyperus rotundus, fimbristylis miliacea, citrus sinensis, and eichhornia crassipes on the amazon river island of xiborena, approximately 40 km southeast of manaus, capital ... | 1985 | 19294098 |
| tomid parasites in fish in the olifants and comati river systems, south africa. | during parasitological field surveys of freshwater fish, sebekiid and subtriquetrid pentastome larvae were recovered from the body cavity or swim bladder of several fish species from various localities in limpopo and mpumalanga provinces, south africa. sebekia wedli was recovered from the body cavity of marcusenius macrolepidotus (mormyridae) from flag boshielo dam, limpopo province, and alofia sp. and subtriquetra rileyi were found in the swim bladder of oreochromis mossambicus (cichlidae) from ... | 2008 | 19294988 |
| identification and characterization of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus mutants defective in the solubilization of phosphorus and zinc. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a plant-growth-promoting bacterium, which is able to colonize sugarcane and other plant species of economic importance. the potentially beneficial effects promoted by this bacterium on plants are nitrogen-fixation, production of phythormones, action against pathogens and mineral nutrient solubilization. in this study, the molecular mechanisms associated with phosphorus and zinc solubilization were analyzed. a transposon mutant library was constructed and scree ... | 2009 | 19340412 |
| ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice using very high gravity technology: effects of carbon and nitrogen supplementations. | ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice by saccharomyces cerevisiae np01 was investigated under very high gravity (vhg) fermentation and various carbon adjuncts and nitrogen sources. when sucrose was used as an adjunct, the sweet sorghum juice containing total sugar of 280 g l(-1), 3 g yeast extract l(-1) and 5 g peptone l(-1) gave the maximum ethanol production efficiency with concentration, productivity and yield of 120.68+/-0.54 g l(-1), 2.01+/-0.01 g l(-1) h(-1) and 0.51+/-0.00 g g(-1), ... | 2009 | 19375908 |
| understanding the hiv epidemic in the dominican republic: a prevention success story in the caribbean? | to analyze the general dynamics and trends of the hiv epidemic in the dominican republic (dr). | 2009 | 19384103 |