| a sunflower helianthinin gene upstream sequence ensemble contains an enhancer and sites of nuclear protein interaction. | genes encoding helianthinin, the major seed protein in sunflower, are highly regulated. we have identified putative cis-acting and trans-acting elements that may function in the control of helianthinin expression. a 404-base pair dna fragment on the sunflower helianthinin gene hag3d, located 322 base pairs from the transcriptional start site, enhanced beta-glucuronidase expression in transgenic tobacco embryos. sequences within this fragment were found to bind nuclear proteins present in both su ... | 1989 | 2535527 |
| oxidoreduction reactions involving the electrostatic and the covalent complex of cytochrome c and plastocyanin: importance of the protein rearrangement for the intracomplex electron-transfer reaction. | horse heart cytochrome c and french bean plastocyanin are cross-linked one-to-one by a carbodiimide [geren, l. m., stonehuerner, j., davis, d. j., & millett, f. (1983) biochim. biophys. acta 724, 62] in the same general orientation in which they associate electrostatically [king, g. c., binstead, r. a., & wright, p. e. (1985) biochim. biophys. acta 806, 262]. the reduction potentials of the fe and cu atoms in the covalent diprotein complex are respectively 245 and 385 mv vs nhe; the epr spectra ... | 1989 | 2541766 |
| effect of human faecal donor on in vitro fermentation variables. | homogenized and diluted human faeces (66.6 g/l) collected from six individuals were incubated with four standard substrates (oat bran, wheat bran, kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris), and guar gum) for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. neutral detergent fibre (ndf) digestibility coefficients, short-chain fatty acid (scfa) production (mmol/g organic matter (om], and gas production (ml/g om) were significantly affected by donor, substrate, and donor x substrate interactions, within an incubation time, but substra ... | 1989 | 2544024 |
| characterization of rhizobium phaseoli sym plasmid regions involved in nodule morphogenesis and host-range specificity. | two nodulation regions from the symbiotic plasmid (psym) of rhizobium phaseoli ce-3 were identified. the two regions were contained in overlapping cosmids psm927 and psm991. these cosmids, in a r. phaseoli psym-cured strain background, induced ineffective nodules on phaseolus vulgaris roots. transconjugants of rhizobium meliloti harbouring psm991 induced nodule-like structures on bean roots, suggesting that this cosmid contains host-range determinants. analysis of deletions and insertional mutat ... | 1989 | 2552255 |
| direct projections from the central amygdaloid nucleus to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: possible role in stress-induced adrenocorticotropin release. | the amygdala, particularly the central amygdaloid nucleus, is important for the expression of adrenocorticotropin and corticosterone responses during stress. the aim of the present study was to determine if the central amygdaloid nucleus directly innervated the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. to accomplish this aim, the phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin lectin anterograde tracing method was used. injections of the tracer into the medial central amygdaloid nucleus resulted in axonal and te ... | 1989 | 2554178 |
| characterization of ca2+ and k+ currents in the human jurkat t cell line: effects of phytohaemagglutinin. | 1. inward and outward currents were recorded in the human jurkat t cell line using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. 2. the transient outward current was activated at membrane potentials positive to -60 mv. the activation time constant-voltage relationship decreased from 17 ms to 2 ms for membrane potentials ranging from -40 to +40 mv. the inactivation phase could be fitted by a single-exponential function and the inactivation time constant decreased from 250 ms to 150 m ... | 1989 | 2557424 |
| [determination of the dietary fiber content of some foods using a biological method]. | the evaluation of a biological method for dietary fibre determination in food was the main purpose of this study. three-week old wistar rats were used in this experiments. the rats were administered during two weeks a diet containing 1% of crude fibre from bread, grits, green beans, white cabbage and carrot. it was found that the biological method gave results similar to those obtained by the enzymatic one. | 1989 | 2561577 |
| identification of vagal efferent fibers and putative target neurons in the enteric nervous system of the rat. | the stomach and small intestine receive an efferent innervation from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmx). the current experiments were undertaken as a partial test of the hypothesis that the cns innervates only a small number of command neurons in a restricted number of enteric ganglia. the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was injected into the dmx by iontophoresis, and 10-21 days later pha-l was visualized in the bowel by immunofluorescence. varicose vagal e ... | 1989 | 2568999 |
| direct synaptic contacts of medial septal efferents with somatostatin immunoreactive neurons in the rat hippocampus. | anterogradely labeled projections from the medial septum to hippocampal somatostatin immunoreactive (som-i) neurons were studied with double-label immunocytochemistry under light (lm) and electron microscopic (em) conditions. medial septal projections were identified after injecting the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) followed by immunohistochemical visualization of pha-l presynaptic terminal labeling and concurrent immunocytochemical staining of som in hippocampal ... | 1989 | 2571399 |
| lesions of intestinal epithelium by ingestion of bean lectins in rats. | wistar rats were submitted to the action of active lectins from common dry beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and from jack beans (canavalia ensiformis, dc). raw common bean was offered to the rats in an otherwise balanced diet to make 10% protein as the sole protein source. a single dose of 20 mg of jack bean lectin (concanavalin a) was given by gastric intubation. half of the rats receiving raw bean died within 22 days of experiment. histological findings showed ulceration and necrosis of the intestin ... | 1989 | 2585151 |
| ultrastructure and lectin histochemistry of equine cutaneous histiolymphocytic lymphosarcomas. | tissues from subcutaneous lymphosarcomas and regional lymph nodes were examined by light and electron microscopy and by lectin histochemistry. tumors were composed of two major cell types: small lymphocytes with few organelles and pleomorphic histiocytic cells with undulant surfaces, large numbers of cytoplasmic vacuoles, and many mitochondria with large crystalline inclusions. a large gram-positive coryneform bacterium was isolated from tumor nodules but was not identified morphologically in tu ... | 1989 | 2588437 |
| anatomical evidence of the projection of pontine omnipause neurons to midbrain regions controlling vertical eye movements. | both anatomical and physiological studies have shown that pause neurons (pns) in the medial pontine reticular formation project to two groups of burst neurons (bns) involved in the genesis of horizontal saccadic eye movements: the excitatory burst neurons (ebns), which lie rostral to the abducens nucleus, and the inhibitory burst neurons (ibns), which lie caudal to the abducens. this study is concerned with the projection from pns to a group of vertical bns in the nucleus of the h field of forel ... | 1989 | 2592601 |
| organization of the projections from the trigeminal brainstem complex to the superior colliculus in the rat and hamster: anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and intra-axonal injection. | anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) and intra-axonal recording and injection techniques were employed to describe the projection from the trigeminal (v) brainstem complex to the deep laminae of the superior colliculus (sc) in the hamster and the rat. the organization of these projections was the same in the two species. deposits of pha-l into v nucleus principalis (prv) produced labelled axons and boutonlike swellings in the lower stratum griseum intermediale (sgi ... | 1989 | 2592602 |
| topographical organization of the efferent projections of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat: an anterograde tract-tracing study with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. | the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the topographical organization of efferent projections from the cytoarchitectonic divisions of the mpfc (the medial precentral, dorsal anterior cingulate and prelimbic cortices). we also sought to determine whether the efferents from different regions within the prelimbic division were organized topographically. anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin was used to examine the efferent projections from restricted injection ... | 1989 | 2592611 |
| intracerebral transplantation of dissociated central nervous system tissue suspensions: use of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin as a cell marker. | successfully transplanted neurons and their sprouting processes were demonstrated by phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha) marking. pha is transported anterogradely and readily reveals the post-transplantation growth of the neuronal processes. suspensions of fetal central nervous tissue, prepared by dissociation of embryonic rat brain, were marked with pha and then transplanted into the striatum of nonimmunosuppressed young adult rats. at various intervals thereafter (1 day, 2 days, 1 week, 2 ... | 1989 | 2593182 |
| ascending projections from the solitary tract nucleus to the hypothalamus. a phaseolus vulgaris lectin tracing study in the rat. | the course of the ascending pathways originating from the anterior gustatory and posterior visceral sensory part of the solitary tract nucleus and the topographic organization of the projections to the hypothalamus in the rat were studied with anterogradely transported phaseolus vulgaris lectin. in general, the posterior visceral sensory part of the solitary tract nucleus has ascending projections as far as the septum-diagonal band complex and gives rise to heavy input to the bed nucleus of the ... | 1989 | 2594200 |
| developmental and environmental regulation of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-beta-glucuronidase gene fusion in transgenic tobacco plants. | a 1.1-kilobase promoter fragment of the bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (ec 4.3.1.5) gene pal2 was translationally fused to the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene and transferred to tobacco by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated leaf disk transformation. the distribution of beta-glucuronidase activity in these transgenic plants is very similar to that of endogenous pal2 transcripts in bean, with very high levels in petals; marked accumulation in anthers, stigmas, roots, and ... | 1989 | 2594769 |
| connectivities of the striatal grafts in adult rat brain: a rich afference and scant striatonigral efference. | previous reports from this laboratory have indicated that fetal rat striatal grafts have the major types of neuronal and glial components known to be involved in huntington's chorea. in this study a number of major afferent and efferent innervations seen in normal striatum were examined in the striatal grafts and were compared with embryonic striatal afferents. first, using immunocytochemistry and histochemistry, the host serotonergic (5-ht), dopaminergic (da, stained with anti-tyrosine hydroxyl ... | 1989 | 2598010 |
| organization of projections from the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus to the basolateral complex of the amygdala in the rat. | mediodorsal thalamic (md) projections to the basolateral amygdaloid complex of the rat were investigated with the anterograde neuronal tracer, phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. iontophoretic injections were made in distinct subdivisions of the rostral and caudal part of the md. both the medial and lateral division of the md showed a projection to the basolateral complex and there appears to be a topographical organization of the innervation in the rostrocaudal direction: the rostral and caudal ... | 1989 | 2605505 |
| quantitative comparison of the laboratory and field competitiveness of rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli kim5s outcompeted strain ce3 in bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) root nodulation when plants were grown at any of three field sites, each with a different soil type and indigenous population, or in the laboratory in a sterilized sand, a sterilized peat-vermiculite mixture, or a nonsterile field soil. a mathematical model describing nodulation competitiveness was empirically derived to evaluate the relative competitiveness of the two strains under these conditions ... | 1989 | 2624457 |
| intestinal absorption of d-galactose in the presence of extracts from phaseolus vulgaris hulls. | the relatively low nutritional value of protein from legume seeds has been attributed to the occurrence of some antinutritional factors and the poor content in sulphur aminoacids, which leads to undesirable physiological and biochemical alterations. however, the intimate nature of these processes remains unclear. in order to evaluate the influence of naturally occurring substances of legume constituents on nutrient utilization, the intestinal absorption of d-galactose in the presence of aqueous ... | 1989 | 2631090 |
| human malignant astrocytoma xenografts migrate in rat brain: a model for central nervous system cancer research. | fresh cells from two grade 3 human malignant astrocytomas were prelabeled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutin (phal) and then xenografted into freshly made implantation pockets in rat host cerebral cortex. animals were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21 days, and 1 month postimplantation (dpi). paraffin sections were double-labeled for the presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap), a specific marker for astrocytes and differentiated astrocytoma cells, and phal, utilized as a marker for graft-der ... | 1989 | 2651679 |
| n-linked oligosaccharide changes with oncogenic transformation require sialylation of multiantennae. | glycopeptides derived from nih 3t3 fibroblasts and these cells transformed by transfection with human dna containing oncogene h-ras were analyzed by 500-mhz 1h-nmr spectroscopy and binding to immobilized lectins. the cells were metabolically labeled with d-[3h]glucosamine or l-[3h]fucose and the glycopeptides included in bio-gel p-10 (mr 5000-3500) were separated into neutral and charged fractions on deae-cellulose. the major portion (80%) of these [3h]fucose glycopeptides from the non-transform ... | 1989 | 2653823 |
| a lectin gene encodes the alpha-amylase inhibitor of the common bean. | an alpha-amylase inhibitor that inhibits insect and mammalian alpha-amylases but not plant alpha-amylases, is present in seeds of the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris). we have purified the alpha-amylase inhibitor by using a selective heat treatment in acidic medium and affinity chromatography with porcine pancreas alpha-amylase coupled to agarose. under sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, the purified inhibitor gave rise to five bands with mobilities corresponding to molecular masses ran ... | 1989 | 2682631 |
| efferent projections of the anteromedial cortex of the rat as described by phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin immunohistochemistry. | phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) immunohistochemistry was used to describe the corticofugal projections of the anteromedial cortex (amc) of rats. pha-l was injected iontophoretically into an area of the amc which, when stimulated electrically, is known to induce contraversive head and body movements. it was found that the amc innervates the midbrain via three separate pathways: a dorsal transthalamic pathway terminating in the pretectum, superior colliculus, and central grey area; and ... | 1989 | 2684212 |
| the three-dimensional organization of the hippocampal formation: a review of anatomical data. | in the early 1970s, andersen and colleagues proposed that the principal excitatory pathways of the hippocampal formation were organized in a lamellar fashion. this proposition, based heavily on the physiological studies of the proponents, indicated that "a point source of entorhinal activity projects its impulses through the four membered pathway (of the hippocampal formation) along a slice or lamella, of hippocampal tissue oriented normally to the alvear surface" [anderson p., bliss v.p. and sk ... | 1989 | 2687721 |
| in vivo action of alpha-amylase inhibitor from cranberry bean (phaseolus vulgaris) in rat small intestine. | an alpha-amylase inhibitor prepared from cranberry bean (phaseolus vulgaris) was examined for its in vivo action on pancreatic alpha-amylase in rat small intestine. for this purpose, postprandial changes not only in intraluminal alpha-amylase activity but also in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at various times after administration of 2 g of 10% polyethylene glycol-containing experimental diets with and without the inhibitor. no considerable increase was observed in the l ... | 1989 | 2699495 |
| mitogenic lectins bind to the antigen receptor on human lymphocytes. | the specificity of interactions between mitogenic and non-mitogenic lectins and disulfide-linked cell surface receptors on human lymphocytes was explored. lysates (nonidet-p40) of surface-radioiodinated tonsil lymphocytes and t lymphoblastoid cells (hpb-all) were absorbed with lectin-agarose derivatives (or bovine serum albumin, bsa-agarose) or immunoprecipitated with appropriate monoclonal antibodies (mab). lectin eluates and solubilized immunoprecipitates were analyzed by two-dimensional (nonr ... | 1989 | 2703017 |
| direct projection from the dorsal hypothalamic area to the nucleus raphe pallidus: a study using anterograde transport with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin in the rat. | a hypothalamic projection to the nucleus raphe pallidus of the medulla was examined using the anterograde tracing technique based on phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the rat. after the iontophoretic application of pha-l to the dorsal hypothalamic area, labeled fibers that finally ended in the nucleus raphe pallidus were observed descending through the most medial part of the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pointis to reach the medial aspect of the pyramid ... | 1989 | 2707355 |
| in vitro and in vivo transplantation of fetal rat brain cells following incubation with various anatomic tracing substances. | implantation of fetal brain regional anlage into host brains ('brain transplantation') holds promise as a plausible treatment for certain human neurodegenerative disorders. improvements in experimental brain transplantation techniques include: (1) utilization of brain cells in tissue culture as opposed to freshly prepared cell suspensions as a transplantation source, (2) prelabeling of fetal brain cells with inert, non-toxic tracer substances to allow subsequent (a) unequivocal identification of ... | 1989 | 2709881 |
| immunohistochemistry of human malignant astrocytoma cells xenografted to rat brain: apolipoprotein e. | fresh xenografted human malignant astrocytoma cells migrate throughout the host rat brain. cells from three grade 3 human malignant astrocytomas were prelabeled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (phal) and then xenografted into implantation pockets in rat host cerebral cortex. the human malignant astrocytoma cells in the host brain were immunocytochemically double-labeled for the presence of phal, which is used as a marker for graft derived cells, and either glial fibrillary acidic protein ... | 1989 | 2710299 |
| cholinergic projections to the substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei. | the cholinergic innervation of the compact and reticular parts of the substantia nigra in the rat was investigated by use of highly sensitive retrograde and anterograde tract-tracing methods in combination with choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. the fluorescent tracers true blue, propidium iodide, or fluorogold were infused preferentially into either nigral subnucleus. cells positive for choline acetyltransferase and retrograde tracer were found in both the pedunculopontine and late ... | 1989 | 2710334 |
| digestibility of protein and amino acids in selected foods as determined by a rat balance method. | values (%) for true digestibility of crude protein and individual amino acids in 20 selected foods were determined by the rat balance (fecal) method. the products were fed as the sole source of protein in diets containing 8% crude protein (n x 6.25). lowest true protein digestibility values (79-84) were obtained for pinto beans, kidney beans and lentils; intermediate values (89-92) were obtained for chick peas, beef stew, skim milk (over heated), rolled oats, whole wheat cereal, and pea protein ... | 1989 | 2710749 |
| relationship between amino acid scores and protein quality indices based on rat growth. | protein efficiency ratio (per), relative per (rper), net protein ratio (npr) and relative npr (rnpr) values, and amino acid scores were calculated for 20 food products (casein, casein + met, beef salami, skim milk, tuna, chicken frankfuters, sausage, heated skim milk, peanut butter, rolled oats, soy isolate, chick peas, pea concentrate, kidney beans, wheat cereal, pinto bean, lentils, rice-wheat gluten cereal, macaroni-cheese, and beef stew). in most cases, per, rper, npr or rnpr ranked the prod ... | 1989 | 2710751 |
| neurophysiological characterization of commissurally projecting dentate neurons in the rat. | commissural neurons in the dentate hilus and in the deep dentate granule cell layer were recorded intracellularly in vivo, in conjunction with combined injection of the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) at sites of electrical stimulation. two hilar neurons responded with short latency antidromic spikes to stimulation of the contralateral dentate infrapyramidal molecular layer, but did not show any synaptic potentials, suggesting that these neurons do not receive commi ... | 1989 | 2713672 |
| the amygdalo-brainstem pathway: selective innervation of dopaminergic, noradrenergic and adrenergic cells in the rat. | the present study investigated the organization and distribution of amygdaloid axons within the various brainstem dopaminergic, noradrenergic and adrenergic cell groups. this was accomplished via phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin lectin (pha-l) anterograde tracing technique combined with glucose-oxidase immunocytochemistry to catecholamine markers (i.e. tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, and phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase). injections of pha-l within the medial part of the ... | 1989 | 2717061 |
| organization of the projection from the superficial to the deep layers of the hamster's superior colliculus as demonstrated by the anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. | anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was employed to describe the projection from the superficial to the deep layers of the hamster's superior colliculus (sc). deposits of pha-l in the stratum griseum superficiale (sgs) resulted in labelled terminal swellings in the stratum opticum and all of the deep laminae (the stratum griseum intermediate [sgi], stratum albumin intermedium [sai], stratum griseum profundum [sgp], and stratum albumin profundum [sap]). labelled te ... | 1989 | 2732361 |
| the central amygdaloid nucleus innervation of the dorsal vagal complex in rat: a phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin lectin anterograde tracing study. | the central nucleus of amygdala (ce) participates in expression of autonomic responses associated with fear or stress-related behaviors. the ce can alter autonomic activity through its direct projection to the dorsal vagal complex [i.e., nucleus of the solitary tract (nts) and the dorsal vagal nucleus]. in order to more precisely define the anatomical organization of the neurons within the ce and their terminal fields within the dorsal vagal complex, the phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin lectin ... | 1989 | 2736396 |
| restoration of the corticostriatal projection in rat neostriatal grafts: electron microscopic analysis. | the corticostriatal projection in rat neostriatal grafts was studied by using the axonal transport of phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. the neostriatal primodia from 15-18-day embryos were used to make a cell suspension which was implanted unilaterally into the rat neostriatum 3-5 days after kainic acid lesion. two to four months later, regions of the frontal cortex ipsilateral to the grafts were injected iontophoretically with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. there were many phaseolus vulg ... | 1989 | 2739900 |
| maintenance of host medullary nucleus gracilis neurons after c3 homografting of fetal spinal cord into host fasciculus gracilis. | the fasciculus gracilis (fg) of the third cervical spinal cord segment (c3) of adult rats was aspirated and fresh whole pieces of rat 14-day gestation cervical spinal cord, prelabeled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, immediately placed in the pocket of one-half the operates. one to three months later there were no transplant derived rostro-caudal nerve fibers in the c1 or c2 segment of the aspiration-only or aspiration-graft fg. however, the neurons of the nucleus gracilis of the host me ... | 1989 | 2743113 |
| connectivity of striatal grafts implanted into the ibotenic acid-lesioned striatum--ii. cortical afferents. | grafts of fetal striatal tissue, implanted into the ibotenic acid-lesioned caudate-putamen in adult recipient rats, have previously been shown to receive extensive afferent inputs from various subcortical areas in the host. in the present study, the formation of graft afferents from the host neocortex has been analysed, 3-12 months after transplantation, by means of the anterograde axonal tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, iontophoretically injected at multiple sites into the host fronta ... | 1989 | 2747919 |
| connectivity of striatal grafts implanted into the ibotenic acid-lesioned striatum--iii. efferent projecting graft neurons and their relation to host afferents within the grafts. | efferent projections of intrastriatally implanted striatal neurons have been studied using a combination of anterograde and retrograde axonal tracers. adult rats subjected to a unilateral ibotenic acid lesion of the head of the caudate putamen received cell suspension grafts obtained from 14 15-day-old striatal primordia. three and a half to 20 months after transplantation the rats received either intratransplant injections of the anterograde axonal tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin or i ... | 1989 | 2747920 |
| terminal arbors of individual "feedback" axons projecting from area v2 to v1 in the macaque monkey: a study using immunohistochemistry of anterogradely transported phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. | in the present study, the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was injected into area v2 in order to demonstrate the precise morphology of individual axons from area v2 to v1. on the basis of 28 complete axon reconstructions, several characteristic features have been identified. 1) individual axons arborize in multiple layers: 1, 2, 5, and (inconstantly) 3. a single axon may have numerous terminal clusters in layers 1 and 2, but at most one in layer 3. 2) axons typically ... | 1989 | 2754047 |
| terminal field of cholecystokinin-8-like immunoreactive projection neurons of the rat main olfactory bulb. | the terminal field of cholecystokinin-8 (cck)-like immunoreactive (cck-ir) tufted cells in the rat main olfactory bulb was examined by means of immunohistochemistry combined with either an anterograde tracer or a degeneration method. cck immunostaining was carried out in animals in which phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (pha) had been injected into the main olfactory bulb. pairs of adjacent sections were processed for cck and pha immunostaining, respectively. dense cck-ir terminallike staining was ... | 1989 | 2754048 |
| the use of fluorescein-conjugated lectins for visualizing atypical mycobacteria. | we investigated the feasibility of using fluorescein-conjugated lectins for visualizing and differentiating two species of atypical mycobacteria. pure cultures of mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium chelonei were established, as was an experimental model of infectious keratitis involving these two organisms. samples from the pure cultures and corneal scrapings were placed on glass slides, fixed, and incubated with one of a panel of 22 fluorescein-conjugated lectins. the slides were examine ... | 1989 | 2757550 |
| rapid migration of grafted cortical astrocytes from suspension grafts placed in host thoracic spinal cord. | the cerebral cortices from 14-day gestation rat embryos were prelabeled with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutin (phal) and homografted as a cell suspension into host thoracic spinal cord. animals were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21 and 30 days postimplantation (dpi). paraffin sections of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord were double-labeled for the presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) a specific marker for astrocytes, and phal, utilized as a marker for graft-derived cells. phal-gfap ... | 1989 | 2765885 |
| detection of glycated polypeptides in human aqueous humor by lectin-binding analysis. | the proteins from 30 samples of normal human aqueous humor were separated into major fractions by sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose, and probed with lectins to characterize the glycated polypeptides. the lectins used were derived from canavalia ensiformis (concanavalin-a), phaseolus vulgaris (erythroagglutinin), arachis hypogaea (peanut agglutinin), and ulex europaeus agglutinin-i. using this microanalytical technique, the glycated polypepti ... | 1989 | 2767173 |
| monoclonal antibodies and lectins as probes for investigation of the cell biology of human trabecular meshwork: a preliminary report. | two classes of ligand-binding molecules, (1) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and (2) lectins, were used as probes to investigate the cell biology of human trabecular cells. we raised mabs by using human trabecular meshwork as the immunogen. one mab (kaa25d7) consistently recognized two polypeptides with molecular weights of approximately 42 and 49 kilodaltons. the former comigrated with actin and the latter was shown by fractionation and extraction studies to be a macromolecular complex. four lecti ... | 1989 | 2785255 |
| tissue- and cell-specific activity of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase promoter in transgenic plants. | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, which form a wide variety of plant secondary products. the transcription of pal is regulated in response to various factors that induce the accumulation of flavonoids, lignin and compounds thought to be involved in plant defence reactions. the 5' upstream sequence of a pal gene from phaseolus vulgaris was fused to the coding region of the reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (gus), and transf ... | 1989 | 2792072 |
| neurosecretory endings in the rat neurohypophysis are en passant. | a combination of golgi, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, and transmission electron microscopic (em) techniques was used to investigate the morphology of neurosecretory axons and their endings in the neurohypophysis of the rat. light microscopy indicated that the neurosecretory processes are very tortuous, varicose, and branched, often running in close association with blood vessels. em, as well as reconstruction from serial thin sections, demonstrated that the combination of synaptoid membran ... | 1989 | 2792295 |
| repair of microvilli in the rat small intestine after damage with lectins contained in the red kidney bean. | that microvilli of intestinal absorptive cells in the duodenum and jejunum are disrupted by acute challenge with lectins contained in raw kidney beans (rkb) was shown nearly 10 yr ago by light microscopy. however, the precise morphologic damage produced by rkb has not been characterized, and it is not known whether microvilli, once damaged, undergo repair. we have examined these issues by challenging rats with suspensions of 300 mg of rkb, boiled beans, or standard laboratory chow by orogastric ... | 1989 | 2792657 |
| anterograde tracing of the rat olivocerebellar system with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). demonstration of climbing fiber collateral innervation of the cerebellar nuclei. | the olivocerebellar climbing fiber system was investigated in the rat with anterograde phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) tracing. the specific objective of the study was to find morphological evidence of climbing fiber collaterals innervating the cerebellar nuclei. small iontophoretic injections of pha-l were placed in different parts of the inferior olivary complex, and labelled olivocerebellar fibers could be traced to their termination as climbing fibers in sagittal zones of the cont ... | 1989 | 2794133 |
| postsynaptic dorsal column pathway of the rat. iii. distribution of ascending afferent fibers. | the distribution in the dorsal column nuclei (dcn) of post-synaptic dorsal column (psdc) fibers was examined in rats following injections of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) in the spinal cord. lemniscal neurons in the dcn were retrogradely labeled in the same animals by injecting the thalamus with fluoro-gold. in some experiments, primary afferent fibers were also labeled by injecting dorsal root ganglia with choleragenoid-conjugated hrp. injections of pha-l into the cervical enlargem ... | 1989 | 2795158 |
| efferent connections of the nucleus reuniens and the rhomboid nucleus in the rat: an anterograde pha-l tracing study. | direct projections from the nucleus reuniens (re) and the rhomboid nucleus (rh) in the midline of the thalamus were examined in the rat by utilizing anterograde axonal transport of phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (pha-l). the re projected axon terminals densely to the anterior cingulate cortex, infralimbic area of the medial frontal cortex, agranular insular cortex, entorhinal cortex, and parasubiculum. labeled terminals in these cerebral cortices were distributed mainly in layer i, except fo ... | 1989 | 2797507 |
| the neostriatal mosaic: striatal patch-matrix organization is related to cortical lamination. | the basal ganglia, of which the striatum is the major component, process inputs from virtually all cerebral cortical areas to affect motor, emotional, and cognitive behaviors. insights into how these seemingly disparate functions may be integrated have emerged from studies that have demonstrated that the mammalian striatum is composed of two compartments arranged as a mosaic, the patches and the matrix, which differ in their neurochemical and neuroanatomical properties. in this study, projection ... | 1989 | 2799392 |
| characterization of an infection structure-specific gene from the rust fungus uromyces appendiculatus. | uredospores of the plant pathogen, uromyces appendiculatus, infect leaves of the bean plant, phaseolus vulgaris, through stomata. physical stimuli provided by the stomate induce differentiation of the germ tube to form a series of infection structures involved in host colonization. contact between the uredospores and the oil-collodion membranes induces formation of infection structures in the absence of the host. this report describes the characterization of a uromyces gene, inf24, that is induc ... | 1989 | 2806914 |
| difference in distribution of central terminals between visceral and somatic unmyelinated (c) primary afferent fibers. | 1. in the guinea pig, the central projections of somatic and visceral c-afferent fibers were compared by tracing arborizations labeled through injection of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) intracellularly into single neurons of the 13th thoracic dorsal root ganglia (drg). 2. two of 27 somatic c-afferent neurons that responded to electrical stimulation of the 13th thoracic (subcostal) nerve (conduction velocity: 0.69 +/- 0.14 m/s, mean +/- sd) were well enough marked to allow delineatio ... | 1989 | 2809705 |
| analysis of wheat germ agglutinin (wga), phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l), and lens culinaris agglutinin (lca) binding to isolated rat neocortical membrane glycoproteins and to brain tissue sections. | different lectin transport directions--either anterograde or retrograde in tracing neuronal pathways--have been attributed to different sugar specificities of the lectins. to test this hypothesis, transmembrane neocortical glycoproteins were isolated to analyze their lectin-binding properties. the lectins tested exhibited a broad binding pattern to these glycoproteins. arguing against the above-mentioned hypothesis, sugar residues of transmembranal glycoproteins probably are not exclusively resp ... | 1989 | 2819434 |
| effect of human faecal inoculum on in vitro fermentation variables. | 1. homogenized and diluted faeces (66.6 g/l) collected from one human source on three different months was incubated with four standard substrates (oat bran, wheat bran, red kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and guar gum) for 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. 2. neutral-detergent fibre and organic matter (om) digestibility measurements and gas production (ml gas/g om) were influenced by substrate and incubation period but not by day of collection. 3. production of short-chain fatty acids (scfa) (mmol/g om) was ... | 1987 | 2823874 |
| descending projections of the basal forebrain in the rat demonstrated by the anterograde neural tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l). | descending pathways from the mediobasal forebrain were studied in the rat by injecting anterograde axonal tracer phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin into the substantia innominata and diagonal band of broca. from both areas, positive fibers which varied in density were observed in the mediodorsal and ventral parts of the ventroposterior and ventromedial thalamic nuclei, the lateral habenula, the stria medullaris, the lateral hypothalamus and the ventral tegmental area. this descending complex app ... | 1987 | 2827844 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the rhodosporidium toruloides gene coding for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the rhodosporidium toruloides gene coding for the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) has been determined. the primary structure of pal was deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the two cdna clones, ppal1 and ppal2, which covered the entire amino acid-coding sequence. comparison of cdna and genomic sequences of pal revealed the presence of six introns. the nucleotide sequences of these introns were compared to those from other fungi. the primary amino a ... | 1987 | 2828184 |
| distribution of insertion sequence isrm1 in rhizobium meliloti and other gram-negative bacteria. | an internal 0.9 kb segment of rhizobium meliloti insertion sequence isrm1 was used as a probe to determine the distribution of isrm1 in strains of r. meliloti and other gram-negative bacteria. the insertion sequence was detected in 80% (12/15) of r. meliloti strains from different parts of the world. its copy number ranged from one to at least eleven. the isrm1 copies detected showed variation in their internal restriction sites and their degree of homology to the probe. isrm1 was found in a var ... | 1988 | 2846753 |
| hepatocyte cell surface polarity as demonstrated by lectin binding. | we performed an investigation at the ultrastructural level of the differential distribution of lectin-binding sites among sinusoidal, lateral, and bile canalicular domains of adult rat hepatocytes. lectin binding to hepatocyte glycocalices was studied in situ or after cellular dissociation by enzymatic (collagenase), chemical (edta), and mechanical methods, as well as during cell culture. using thirteen biotinylated lectins and an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (abc), we have identified lectin ... | 1988 | 2848070 |
| the projection of individual axons from the parabrachial region of the brain stem to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat. | in mammals, the retinogeniculocortical pathway is the primary afferent route to visual cortex. the flow of information along this pathway can be modulated at the thalamic level (i.e., at the lateral geniculate nucleus) as a function of arousal, attention, and phenomena such as eye movements. physiological studies indicate that an important source of this state-dependent influence on geniculate neuronal responsiveness is the parabrachial region of the brain stem. we used the anterograde tracer ph ... | 1988 | 2848936 |
| chromatography of gamma-glutamyl transferases from ascites hepatoma ah-66 cells and human primary hepatoma on phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinating lectin agarose. | | 1985 | 2861210 |
| the neostriatal mosaic: ii. patch- and matrix-directed mesostriatal dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic systems. | mesostriatal projections, which arise from dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra, and retrorubral area, are compartmentally organized in the striatum. anterograde axonal tract tracing with phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l), combined with immunohistochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and autoradiographic localization of mu-opiate receptor binding sites, shows that midbrain projections to the striatum are distributed to e ... | 1987 | 2891799 |
| introduction of the escherichia coli gdha gene into rhizobium phaseoli: effect on nitrogen fixation. | rhizobium phaseoli lacks glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and assimilates ammonium by the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway. a strain of r. phaseoli harboring the escherichia coli gdh structural gene (gdha) was constructed. gdh activity was expressed in r. phaseoli in the free-living state and in symbiosis. nodules with bacteroids that expressed gdh activity had severe impairment of nitrogen fixation. also, r. phaseoli cells that lost gdh activity and assimilated ammonium by the gluta ... | 1988 | 2892830 |
| anatomical and electrophysiological characterization of presumed dopamine-containing neurons within the supramammillary region of the rat. | a combination of immunocytochemical, electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques were employed to study the properties of neurons within the supramammillary (sum) complex of the rat. the sum region contains a small, but dense, population of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons. following injection of the orthograde neuroanatomical tracer, phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, into the sum region, heavy terminal labeling was observed in the lateral septal nucleus, diagonal band of br ... | 1988 | 2896530 |
| interactions between the lateral hypothalamus and the periaqueductal gray. | anatomical and physiological experiments were conducted to characterize the interactions between the lateral hypothalamus (lh) and the periaqueductal gray (pag) and to determine the role of neurotensin in their interaction. anatomical studies using injection of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin into the lh showed an extensive projection to the ventromedial and the ventrolateral pag and a less dense projection to the medial and dorsal parts of this region. physiological experiments were performe ... | 1988 | 2900881 |
| the causal agent of halo blight in bean, pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, attaches to stomata via its pili. | the phytopathogenic pseudomonad pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola causes halo blight of bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). initiation of infection depends on the ability of the cells to adhere to the target cell surface. p. syringae pv. phaseolicola expresses pili, which are the receptors of the lipid-containing dsrna bacteriophage phi 6. phi 6-resistant bacterial strains can be divided into different piliation types. it was possible to show that the adhesion of the bacteria onto plant cell surfa ... | 1986 | 2907769 |
| the amygdala directly innervates adrenergic (c1) neurons in the ventrolateral medulla in the rat. | the innervation of adrenergic (c1) neurons in the ventrolateral medulla by the central amygdaloid nucleus (ce) was investigated using immunohistochemical detection of phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase (pnmt) combined with anterograde tracing through phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (pha-l) transport and lesion-induced axonal degeneration. injections of pha-l into the medial ce labelled axons in close proximity to pnmt-immunoreactive dendrites and somata in the ventrolateral medulla. the p ... | 1989 | 2919001 |
| gabaergic septohippocampal neurons contain parvalbumin. | septal axons were visualized in the hippocampus by anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (phal) injected into the medial septal region, which contains large numbers of parvalbumin (pv)-immunoreactive somata. a proportion of the phal-labelled afferents in the hippocampus were shown to be immunoreactive for pv by immunostaining alternate sections. this population of septohippocampal axons alone was found to be immunoreactive for gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) following post-e ... | 1989 | 2924136 |
| hypothalamic axons terminate on forebrain cholinergic neurons: an ultrastructural double-labeling study using pha-l tracing and chat immunocytochemistry. | a correlated light and electron microscopic study combining choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry with anterograde tracing of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin revealed that axons of lateral hypothalamic neurons terminate on forebrain cholinergic projection cells. this finding is discussed in relation to direct and indirect corticopetal systems. | 1989 | 2924147 |
| distribution of terminals of thalamocortical fibers originating from the ventrolateral nucleus of the cat thalamus. | anterograde labelling following focal injections of phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin was used to identify the threedimensional cortical distribution of thalamocortical (tc) fibers from the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus of the cat. the labelled tc fibers were distributed usually in layers i and iii of the motor cortex and the terminals in layer iii tended to aggregate into patches about 1-1.5 mm wide in a mediolateral direction. these patches were arranged in longitudinal strips about 2 ... | 1989 | 2927720 |
| honeydew of aphids as a source of sugar for phlebotomus ariasi. | wild-caught phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, starved until their sugar meals had been digested, were caged for 24 h with plants or plants infested with aphids and then tested for fructose, a constituent of plant sap. no evidence was found that the flies took sap directly from nine types of plants present in their habitat. about two-thirds of flies caged with oak (quercus ilex l.) infested with an aphid [lachnus roboris (l.)] and about a fifth kept with leaves of the french bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. ... | 1987 | 2979545 |
| nmr and kinetic characterization of the interaction between french bean plastocyanin and horse cytochrome c. | french bean plastocyanin is shown by stopped-flow kinetics to oxidize horse cytochrome c with k (298 k, i = 0.10 m) = 5.1 x 10(6) m-1 x s-1. the activation parameters demonstrate a satisfactory isokinetic correlation with those previously reported for plastocyanin-cytochrome f reactions. nmr line broadening and shifts of the hyperfine shifted resonances of cytochrome c(iii) reveal that strong 1:1 complexes are formed with plastocyanin. the negative patch of plastocyanin and the heme edge region ... | 1985 | 2982394 |
| protein blotting: detection of proteins with colloidal gold, and of glycoproteins and lectins with biotin-conjugated and enzyme probes. | methods to detect "native" proteins immobilized on nitrocellulose membranes in spot tests or on blots prepared from polyacrylamide slab gels after electrophoretic separation are described. gold sols were found to be useful as general stains for proteins: they are polychromatic, yield an indelible record, and are complementary to india ink as protein stains because these two stains have different sensitivities for a number of proteins tested. for detection of wheat germ lectin (wgl)-binding glyco ... | 1985 | 2984955 |
| atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of tin in canned foods, using nitric acid-hydrochloric acid digestion and nitrous oxide-acetylene flame: collaborative study. | twenty-six collaborators participated in a study to evaluate an atomic absorption spectrophotometric (aas) method for the determination of tin in canned foods. the 5 foods evaluated were meat, pineapple juice, tomato paste, evaporated milk, and green beans, each spiked at 2 levels. the concentration range of tin in the samples was 10-450 micrograms/g, and each level was sent as a blind duplicate. statistical treatment of results revealed no laboratory outliers and 6 individual or replicate-total ... | 1985 | 2985534 |
| binding characteristics of 3h-dihydroalprenolol to beta-adrenergic receptors of rat brain: influence of lectins. | the significance of the carbohydrate moieties of the beta-adrenergic receptor molecule in the rat brain was examined using the radioligand binding assay method. thus, this experiment was designed to assess the effects of lectins, concanavalin a (con a), phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (pha), and wheat germ agglutinin (wga) on the affinity of the beta-adrenoceptor. the rat brain was used and the beta-adrenoceptor binding assay was carried out using 3h-dihydroalprenolol as a ligand. con a and pha si ... | 1985 | 2993717 |
| the use of lectin transport in the mouse central nervous system as an anterograde axonal marker for electron microscopy. | lesion-induced axonal degeneration and autoradiography-electron microscopy have been the only reliable anterograde axonal markers available for electron microscopic examination of neuronal circuitry. however, these methods have their limitations. recently, phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) has been used as an anterograde axonal marker for light microscopy. this report describes the use of this lectin as an anterograde marker for electron microscopy. pha-l was injected into mouse smi cor ... | 1985 | 2995873 |
| elicitor-induced prolyl hydroxylase from french bean (phaseolus vulgaris). localization, purification and properties. | the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase (proline: 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase, ec 1.14.11.12), induced in suspension-cultured cells of phaseolus vulgaris l. (french bean) by treatment with an elicitor preparation from the phytopathogenic fungus colletotrichum lindemuthianum, has been investigated. the enzyme, which catalyses the hydroxylation of poly-l-proline with the stoichiometric decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate, has been shown to be localized mainly in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. after solubilizati ... | 1985 | 2996486 |
| phytohemagglutinin from red kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) inhibits sodium and chloride absorption in the rabbit ileum. | phytohemagglutinin (pha), derived from red kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), can induce malabsorption and diarrhea when fed to rats. in this study, we determined the effect of pha on ion transport in the rabbit ileum in vitro. compared with control tissues, pha (1 mg/ml) added to the mucosal solution increased short-circuit current (1.1 +/- 0.2 microeq/cm2 x h, p less than 0.001), decreased net na (-1.0 +/- 0.5 microeq/cm2 x h, p less than 0.02) and cl (-1.2 +/- 0.6 microeq/cm2 x h, p less than ... | 1986 | 3009261 |
| lectin histochemistry applied to human nerves. | histologic sections of normal and pathologically altered human peripheral nerves were stained with a battery of 20 fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins to determine whether these histochemical reagents could be used to identify peripheral nerve injury. eight plant lectins--from canavalia ensiformis, lens culinaris, triticum vulgare (wheat germ), types e4 and l4 from phaseolus vulgaris, types i and ii from ricinus communis, and wistaria floribunda--were found to bind to normal and pathologi ... | 1986 | 3015069 |
| membrane-bound hydroxylases in elicitor-treated bean cells. rapid induction of the synthesis of prolyl hydroxylase and a putative cytochrome p-450. | treatment of cell-suspension cultures of bean (phaseolus vulgaris cv. canadian wonder) with an elicitor preparation heat-released from the cell walls of the phytopathogenic fungus colletotrichum lindemuthianum resulted in rapid changes in the activities of two microsomal oxygenases, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, involved in accumulation of wall-bound phenolics and phytoalexins, and proline 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase (prolyl hydroxylase) involved in the post-translational modification of hydroxypr ... | 1986 | 3017713 |
| anatomical evidence for direct projections from the entorhinal area to the entire cortical mantle in the rat. | the entorhinal area is the most highly differentiated cortical field of the hippocampal formation from an anatomical point of view, and is best known as the origin of the perforant pathway, a massive association projection to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and ammon's horn. this pathway is important as the first link in the so-called "trisynaptic circuit," which is thought to form the basic unit of information processing in the hippocampal formation and has been implicated in the elabo ... | 1986 | 3020190 |
| gene cluster of pseudomonas syringae pv. "phaseolicola" controls pathogenicity of bean plants and hypersensitivity of nonhost plants. | loss of the ability of pseudomonas syringae pv. "phaseolicola" nps3121 to elicit a hypersensitive response on tobacco and other nonhost plants was associated with loss of pathogenicity on the susceptible host bean. eight independent, prototrophic transposon tn5 insertion mutants which had lost the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response on tobacco plants were identified. six of these mutants no longer produced disease lesions on primary leaves of the susceptible bean cultivar red kidney and ... | 1986 | 3023280 |
| bilateral brainstem connections of the rat supratrigeminal region. | efferent and afferent connections of the supratrigeminal region were studied in the rat using iontophoretically delivered horseradish peroxidase and phaseolus vulgaris leuco-agglutinin. projections of supratrigeminal efferents were found to the contralateral supratrigeminal region, to the ipsi- and contralateral trigeminal motor nuclei and the medullary reticular formation, and to the ipsilateral facial and hypoglossal motor nuclei. neurons projecting to the supratrigeminal region were located i ... | 1986 | 3024444 |
| arrangement and connections of mesencephalic trigeminal neurons in the rat. | the morphology of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus was examined microscopically in serial frozen sections. the nucleus extends over a length of about 4.5 mm, and its cell number was calculated to range from 1,000 to 1,600. 60% of the cells were located in the caudal third of the nucleus. clustering of large unipolar cells was seen throughout the nucleus. small spindle-shaped multipolar cells were found in the pontine part of the nucleus. the efferent connections of the mesencephalic trigemin ... | 1986 | 3024445 |
| the glycemic response to meals with six different fruits in insulin-dependent diabetics using a home blood-glucose monitoring system. | glycemic effect of adding 10-g carbohydrate portions of apple, banana, grapes, honeydew, orange, or strawberries to a standard meal on separate occasions was measured in 10 insulin-dependent diabetics monitored at home. the meal comprised 29% of total daily caloric intake and contained green beans, rice, turkey, and margarine (50% carbohydrate, 20% protein, and 30% fat). blood-glucose response to meals containing grapes, honeydew, orange, or strawberries was slightly higher than meals containing ... | 1987 | 3026165 |
| the ventral striatopallidothalamic projection: i. the striatopallidal link originating in the striatal parts of the olfactory tubercle. | the projections from the striatal part of the olfactory tubercle were examined in rats, both with the aid of experimental silver impregnation methods following superficial laminar heat lesions of the tubercle and by the use of anterograde transport of phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) following injections of the lectin in the dense cell layer of the tubercle. retrograde transport of fluorescent substances following injections of the tracer in the multiform layer of the tubercle were use ... | 1987 | 3029188 |
| projection from the prefrontal cortex to histaminergic cell groups in the posterior hypothalamic region of the rat. anterograde tracing with phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin combined with immunocytochemistry of histidine decarboxylase. | we investigated the projection from the infralimbic division of the prefrontal cortex (area 25) to histaminergic neurons in the posterior hypothalamic area. phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was injected in the prefrontal cortex of rats. frozen brain sections were subjected to combined pha-l and histidine decarboxylase (hdc)-peroxidase immunocytochemistry, using nickel-enhanced diaminobenzidine (blue reaction product) to visualize the transported pha-l, and diaminobenzidine (brown react ... | 1987 | 3032360 |
| selectable genes for transformation of the fungal plant pathogen glomerella cingulata f. sp. phaseoli (colletotrichum lindemuthianum). | glomerella cingulata f. sp. phaseoli (gcp) was transformed using either of two selectable markers: the amds + gene of aspergillus nidulans, which encodes acetamidase and permits growth on acetamide as the sole nitrogen source and the hygbr gene of escherichia coli which encodes hygromycin b (hy) phosphotransferase and permits growth in the presence of the antibiotic hy. the amds+ gene functioned in gcp under control of a. nidulans regulatory signals and hygbr was expressed after fusion to a prom ... | 1987 | 3038698 |
| induction of aggregation and enhancement of proliferation and il-2 secretion in human t cells by antibodies to cd43. | cd43 (large sialoglycoprotein) is a heavily glycosylated protein expressed on virtually all thymus-derived lymphocytes, on a subpopulation of b cells and on granulocytes. recently, an anti-cd43 mab (l10) was shown to induce proliferation in t cells comparable to that induced by anti-cd3. the l10 antibody was reported to react with both sialylated and desialylated cd43. in order to further elucidate the role of cd43 in various t cell functions we have studied the biologic properties of two other ... | 1988 | 3049818 |
| bacterial overgrowth by indigenous microflora in the phytohemagglutinin-fed rat. | phytohemagglutinin lectin (pha) derived from red kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) causes bacterial and protozoal colonization of the rat small intestine. to provide additional insights into this phenomenon we have studied the time course and population dynamics of microbial colonization of the major aerobe--facultative anaerobe groups which characterize this microflora. compared with controls, pha caused proliferation of a consistent adherent microbial flora in the jejunum (p less than 0.01). th ... | 1988 | 3061624 |
| nuclear origin of thalamic afferents of the ventral striatum determines their relation to patch/matrix configurations in enkephalin-immunoreactivity in the rat. | the relation of thalamic terminal fibers in the ventral striatum with patch and matrix compartments, as defined by enkephalin-immunohistochemistry, was studied in adjacent or double-stained sections of the rat brain by combining anterograde tracing of phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) and enkephalin staining. experiments with small pha-l injections in the dorsal thalamus show that the paraventricular thalamic nucleus projects to the medial nucleus accumbens and rather selectively to the ... | 1988 | 3077313 |
| phenylalanyl-trna synthetase from chloroplasts of a higher plant (phaseolus vulgaris). purification and comparison of its structural, functional, and immunological properties with those of the enzymes from the corresponding cytoplasm, the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans, and the photosynthetic green sulfur bacterium chlorobium limicola. | chloroplastic phenylalanyl-trna synthetase from bean leaves is purified under optimal protective conditions over 4,900-fold. its apparent molecular weight is 78,000, as determined by gel filtration, with a dimeric subunit structure of alpha beta (alpha = 33,000 and beta = 42,000), as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. this indicates a drastic size reduction of 40% for each subunit compared to the corresponding cytoplasmic enzyme and a unique quaternary structure. heterolog ... | 1986 | 3081498 |
| the sheep erythrocyte receptor and both alpha and beta chains of the human t-lymphocyte antigen receptor bind the mitogenic lectin (phytohaemagglutinin) from phaseolus vulgaris. | we have studied the interaction of mitogenic lectins such as phytohaemagglutinin (pha) and concanavalin a (con a) with both surface molecules which, by the use of monoclonal antibodies, are known to trigger t-cell mitogenesis. monoclonal antibodies recognizing the t-lymphocyte receptor for antigen (ti) and/or its associated structure, cd3, activate t cells. more recently, a second pathway of activation has been described which involves the sheep erythrocyte binding glycoprotein cd2, a surface mo ... | 1986 | 3085210 |
| interaction of trypanosoma cruzi with macrophages: effect of previous incubation of the parasites or the host cells with lectins. | the effect of incubation with lectins of the macrophages or two evolutive stages of trypanosoma cruzi (noninfective epimastigotes and infective trypomastigotes) on the ingestion of the parasites by mouse peritoneal macrophages was studied. lectins which bind to residues of mannose (lens culinaris, lca), n-acetyl-d-glucosamine or n-acetylneuraminic acid (triticum vulgaris, wga), beta-d-galactose (ricinus communis, rca), n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (phaseolus vulgaris, pha; dolichos biflorus, dba; an ... | 1986 | 3085365 |
| the position of the oligosaccharide side-chains of phytohemagglutinin and their accessibility to glycosidases determines their subsequent processing in the golgi. | phytohemagglutinin (pha), the glycoprotein lectin of phaseolus vulgaris has two types of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides per polypeptide: a high-mannose chain with the formula (man)8-9(glcnac)2 on asn12 and a modified chain with fewer mannose residues and additional fucose and xylose residues on asn60. glycosylation of pha is a cotranslational process, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, and newly synthesized pha has two high-mannose chains. transport of pha to the protein bodies via t ... | 1986 | 3089787 |
| the human t3 gamma chain is phosphorylated at serine 126 in response to t lymphocyte activation. | the gamma subunit of the human t lymphocyte t3 antigen is rapidly phosphorylated on serine residues in vivo during the initiation of t cell activation by a polyclonal mitogen (phaseolus vulgaris phytohemagglutinin), an activator of protein kinase c (phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate), and an elevator of intracellular calcium (ionomycin). the sites of phosphorylation were identified by comparing tryptic peptide analyses of t3 gamma chains labeled in vivo with various synthetic peptides, corresponding to p ... | 1987 | 3112151 |