| [cryoresistance during sporulation in bacillus (author's transl)]. | the maximal resistance at -- 20 degrees c is obtained as soon as stage v of sporulation in bacillus cereus and for the spore of the mutant marburg strain of b. subtilis bloked at stage v of sporulation. | 1979 | 114081 |
| intracellular serine proteinase of bacillus subtilis strain marburg 168. comparison with the homologous enzyme from bacillus subtilis strain a-50. | intracellular serine proteinase was isolated from sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis marburg 168 by gramicidin s-sepharose 4b affinity chromatography. the enzymological characteristics, the amino acid composition and the 19 residues of the n-terminal sequence of the enzyme are reported. the isolated proteinase was closely related to, but not completely identical with, the intracellular serine proteinase of b. subtilis a-50. the divergence between these two intracellular enzymes was less than ... | 1979 | 114166 |
| specificity of the serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. | | 1979 | 114175 |
| the chemical composition and stability of bacillomycin s. | bacillomycin s, an antifungal antibiotic from culture filtrates of bacillus subtilis, was shown to consist of proteinaceous matter (83.6 g/100 g) and lipid material (16 g/100 g). the amino acid and fatty acid components were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. it was shown that bacillomycin s is stable at physiological ph and it is suggested that its antifungal activity resides in the intact molecule. | 1978 | 114184 |
| synergism between cefazedone and gentamicin in vitro. | | 1979 | 114188 |
| covalent cross-linking of transfer ribonucleic acid to the ribosomal p site. site of reaction in 16s ribonucleic acid. | | 1979 | 114214 |
| design of potent reversible inhibitors for thermolysin. peptides containing zinc coordinating ligands and their use in affinity chromatography. | | 1979 | 114215 |
| the decrease of guanine nucleotides initiates sporulation of bacillus subtilis. | massive sporulation of bacillus subtilis normally begins when carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus sources able to support rapid growth are no longer available. sporulation can also be induced in exponentially growing cultures, in the presence of rapidly utilizable ammonia, glucose and phosphate if growth is partially but not completely inhibited either by inhibitors of nucleotide synthesis (hadacidin, decoyinine or 6-azauracil) or by purine deprivation in purine and especially in guanine auxotrophs. ... | 1979 | 114234 |
| [carbon assimilation and taxonomic study of bacillus subtillis and b. licheniformis]. | all 14 strains of b. subtilis can use the following 17 sources of carbon and energy: d-glucose, d-mannose, d-glucosamine, salicin, d-ribose, maltose, sucrose, cellobiose, trehalose, arbutin, starch, mannitol, glycerol, glycerate, pyruvate, fumarate, and l-proline. all 15 strains of b. licheniformis can use the following 41 sources of carbon and energy: d-glucose, d-galactose, d-mannose, d-fructose, d-glucosamine, alpha-methyl-d-glucoside, beta-methyl-d-glucoside, salicin, d-gluconate, saccharate ... | 1979 | 114294 |
| the guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate) (ppgpp) cycle. comparison of synthesis and degradation of guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate) in various bacterial systems. | | 1979 | 114395 |
| [operon of riboflavin biosynthesis in bacillus subtilis. xvi. localization of the ribc-group markers on the chromosome]. | regulatory markers of ribc group were located on the chromosome of bacillus subtilis by means of genetic transformation. markers of this group controlling the regulation of riboflavin biosynthesis were mapped between markers of resistance to acriflavin and streptomycin (strc group). the value of cotransfer index between acriflavin-resistance markers and ribc markers was found to be 26--32%. acriflavin inhibits the riboflavin biosynthesis. the level of inhibition depends on the genotype of ribofl ... | 1979 | 114452 |
| structure and function of l-lactate dehydrogenases from thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria. i) isolation and characterization of lactate dehydrogenases from thermophilic and mesophilic bacilli. | lactate dehydrogenases from thermophilic bacilli (bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus caldotenax) and from mesophilic bacilli (bacillus x1, bacillus subtilis) have been isolated by a two-step purification procedure. only one type (ldh-p4) composed of four identical subunits (mr 34 000 or 36 000) was found in each bacillus. the tetrameric enzymes were characterized with respect to thermostability, ph and temperature dependence of the pyruvate reduction and the l-lactate oxidation, substrate spe ... | 1979 | 114469 |
| vancomycin concentration in human tissues--preliminary report. | | 1979 | 114512 |
| a quantitative assay for bacterial rna polymerases. | | 1979 | 114520 |
| regulation and state of aggregation of bacillus subtilis prephenate dehydratase in the presence of allosteric effectors. | prephenate dehydratase from bacillus subtilis was found to exist in three states of aggregation. a high molecular weight (210,000) species was fully active and the catalytic activity was unaffected by the effectors methionine or phenylalanine. low concentrations of phenylalanine caused dissociation to a mr = 55,000 dimer. heating to 32 degrees c also caused dissociation, but cooling and adding substrate or methionine favored association. when no effectors were present the enzyme eluted from seph ... | 1979 | 114523 |
| supportive therapy in burn care. debriding agents. | | 1979 | 114674 |
| intracellular inactivation of specific nucleotide sequences: a general approach to the treatment of viral diseases and virally-mediated cancers. | | 1979 | 114718 |
| comparison of the a-t rich regions and the bacillus subtilis rna polymerase binding sites in phage phi 29 dna. | by using a modification of the bac spreading method for mounting the dna for electron microscopy, partial denaturation maps of protein-free phi 29 dna and of phi 29 dna containing protein p3 were obtained. in phi 29 p3-dna1 the protein does not seem to influence the melting of the ends of the molecules. the comparison of the partial denaturation map and the b. subtilis rna polymerase binding sites indicates that five of the seven early promoters (a1, a2, a3, b2 and c2) are located in a-t rich dn ... | 1979 | 114982 |
| evolutionary considerations of related bacillus subtilis temperate phages phi 105, rho 14, rho 10, and rho 6 as revealed by heteroduplex analysis. | | 1979 | 115150 |
| subtilopeptidase a produced by bacillus subtilis pr-70. i. kinetic behaviour of solubilized enzymes. | the kinetic behaviour of subtilopeptidase a was investigated. the enzyme was obtained from a local isolate of b. subtilis pr-70. the rate of enzyme catalyzed conversion of substrate to product is directly proportional to the enzyme concentration, v = k(e). michaelis constant was determined using different methods. the average of km value is equal to 0.01615. the vmax and et were determined being 0.71 and 1.467, respectively, using kunitz's casein digestion method. the enzymeconcentration involve ... | 1979 | 115175 |
| cell wall metabolism of bacillus subtilis [proceedings]. | | 1979 | 115385 |
| antimicrobial agents in rats. ii. serum levels of oral cephalosporins. | cephalexin, cephradine and 7 beta-(d-2-amino-2-[(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)-acetamido])-3-methoxy-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (cgp 9000) were tested for their pharmacokinetic behaviour in rats. the cephalosporin serum concentrations were determined at certain times after oral administration of 150 mg/kg by the agar-well-diffusion method. the experiments revealed that the serum levels of cephalexin and cephradine did not differe essentially from one another. they maintained maximum serum concentrations ... | 1979 | 115480 |
| restriction-fragment map of the temperate bacillus subtilis bacteriophage spo2. | the endonucleases bgli, bglii, ecori, sali, smai, and xbai were used to fragment the phage spo2 dna. electrophoretic analysis using ethidiumbromide agarose gels showed the phage to have nine bgli sites, one bglii site, four ecori sites, one sali site, one smai site, and six xbai sites. using partial digestions, multiple endonuclease digestion, and autoradiography the fragments were sized and ordered into a circular map of 23 md. such an analysis locates the endonuclease sites, indicates which en ... | 1979 | 115752 |
| isolation and characterization of viable deletion mutants of bacillus subtilis bacteriophage spo2. | spontaneous deletion mutants of the bacteriophage spo2, which are viable and retain their temperate character, were isolated using a heat-edta enrichment step. they were identified by endonuclease digestion and agarose-gel electrophoresis of phage dna. two of the nine mutants were characterized in detail. both mutants have a 2.3 md deletion removing the single bglii site and two of the xbai fragments. the deletion extends 1.0 md to one side of the former bglii site and 1.3 md on the other side. ... | 1979 | 115753 |
| role of rabbit lysozyme in in vitro serum and plasma serum bactericidal reactions against bacillus subtilis. | the antibacterial activity of purified rabbit lysozyme was kinetically investigated at concentrations comparable to those in normal rabbit serum and plasma serum. the bactericidal capability, lysozyme content, and electrophoretic composition of "purified beta-lysin," fractionated from normal rabbit serum, were also examined. in contrast to the extensive antibacterial activity of dilute normal rabbit serum observed in vitro, rabbit lysozyme was only weakly bactericidal for bacillus subtilis. inhi ... | 1979 | 115789 |
| sterilization by means of hydrogen chloride: influence of process parameters on biocidal activity. | | 1979 | 115827 |
| restriction enzyme analysis of bacillus subtilis ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes. | the organization of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) genes (rdna) of bacillus subtilis was examined by cleaving the genome with several restriction endonucleases. the rdna sequences were assayed by hybridization with purified radioactive rrna's. our interpretation of the resulting electrophoretic patterns is strengthened by an analysis of a fragment of b. subtilis rdna cloned in escherichia coli. the results indicated that there are eight rrna operons in b. subtilis. each operon contains on ... | 1979 | 115842 |
| function of modified nucleosides 7-methylguanosine, ribothymidine, and 2-thiomethyl-n6-(isopentenyl)adenosine in procaryotic transfer ribonucleic acid. | to elucidate subtle functions of transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) modifications in protein synthesis, pairs of trna's that differ in modifications at specific positions were prepared from bacillus subtilis. the trna's differ in modifications in the anticodon loop, the extra arm, and the tuc loop. the functional properties of these species were compared in aminoacylation, as well as in initiation and peptide bond formation, at programmed ribosomes. these experiments demonstrated the following. (i ... | 1979 | 115845 |
| transfer ribonucleic acid synthesis during sporulation and spore outgrowth in bacillus subtilis studied by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the synthesis of transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) was examined during spore formation and spore outgrowth in bacillus subtilis by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of in vivo 32p-labeled rna. the two-dimensional gel system separated the b. subtilis trna's into 32 well-resolved spots, with the relative abundances ranging from 0.9 to 17% of the total. there were several spots (five to six) resolved which were not quantitated due to their low abundance. all of the trna species reso ... | 1979 | 115846 |
| regulatory nucleotides involved in the rel function of bacillus subtilis. | we have examined the accumulation of polyphosphorylated nucleotides in bacillus subtilis in relation to the function of the rel gene. our results are as follows. (i) during inhibition of isoleucine activation by o-methylthreonine, wildtype b. subtilis cells accumulate unusual nucleotides with the chromatographic and chemical properties of pppapp, ppapp, pppgpp, ppgpp, pgpp, and ppgp. (ii) during the carbon source downshift elicited by inhibiting glucose uptake, we observed accumulation of the po ... | 1979 | 115847 |
| completed bacillus subtilis nucleoid as a doublet structure. | when outgrowing spores of the temperature-sensitive dna initiation mutants of bacillus subtilis, tsb134 and dna-1, were allowed to undergo a single round of replication by shifting to the restrictive temperature soon after its initiation, both segregating daughter nucleoids appeared as clearly defined doublet structures. the components of each doublet remained together as a discrete pair, even under conditions which resulted in the formation of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-less cells. a doublet n ... | 1979 | 115848 |
| organization of transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes in bacillus subtilis. | the structural relationship between the transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) and the ribosomal rna (rrna) genes of bacillus subtilis has been studied by restriction endonuclease analysis of total chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and characterization of dna fragments cloned in escherichia coli. the dna sequences encoding rrna and trna were assayed by hybridization to radioactive rna. the results support the conclusion that the trna genes are interspersed between and closely linked to the rrna ... | 1979 | 115849 |
| cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins of staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis active in the conversion of [14c]penicillin g to [14c]phenylacetylglycine. | breakdown of the covalent complex formed between [14c]penicillin g and higher molecular weight, cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins was studied using mixtures of the purified proteins isolated from membranes of staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis. these penicillin-binding proteins were found to release the bound 14c label in a first order process characterized by half-lives of 10 to 300 min at 37 degrees c. denaturation of the penicilloyl.penicillin-binding proctein compl ... | 1979 | 115876 |
| [microbiological studies on ozone sterilization in bioclean rooms (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 115943 |
| restriction cleavage map of sp01 dna: general location of early, middle, and late genes. | a detailed restriction endonuclease map for the genome of bacillus subtilis phage sp01 is presented. sites of cleavage for the restriction enzymes bglii, ecori, haeiii, and sali were determined. this physical map showed that sp01 dna was 140 kilobases in length and contained a repeated sequence of 12.4 kilobases at its termini. combined with previously published information, we were also able to identify the general locations of genes expressed at early, middle, or late times in the phage lytic ... | 1979 | 116010 |
| a modified rna polymerase transcribes a cloned gene under sporulation control in bacillus subtilis. | a modified form of rna polymerase from bacillus subtilis selectively transcribes a cloned gene under early sporulation control. this rna polymerase lacks sigma factor but contains a newly identified subunit of molecular weight 37,000, termed p37. p37 could be a regulatory protein that controls, at least in part, an early stage of spore development. | 1979 | 116131 |
| [genetic determination of the radioprotective action of cyteamine in the gamma irradiation of bacillus subtilis cells]. | | 1979 | 116312 |
| [microbial emission, immission and changes in the germ count in the cooling water during operation of wet cooling towers i. communication: introduction to the problem posed (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 116444 |
| affinity chromatography of bacillus subtilis glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase. | | 1979 | 116595 |
| [spontaneous transformation characteristics of bacillus subtilis bacteria. i. the relatively low transforming activity of spontaneously released dna for markers located close to the origin and termination points of chromosome replication]. | relative efficiencies of spontaneous bacillus subtilis transformation for markers placed in different areas of the cell chromosome were studied. as donor of genetic material, an untransformable strain bd224 trpc2 thr5 rec4 was used during its early log-phase. it was found that for markers placed near points of origin and termination of the chromosome replication the relative transformation efficiencies are significantly lower than those in the case of transformation with dna extracted from the s ... | 1979 | 116902 |
| [riboflavin auxotrophs of escherichia coli]. | escherichia coli riboflavin auxotrophs having a different level of riboflavin requirement were isolated. this auxotrophic mutations are located near cysb93 and trpa62 markers. the complementary effect of bacillus subtilis riboflavin operon linked with ppr1 hybrid plasmid with rib8-1 and rib1-1 mutations was obtained. | 1979 | 116904 |
| [damage and recovery of the dna-membrane complex of bacillus subtilis following exposure to gamma-radiation]. | | 1979 | 117034 |
| rna synthesis during spore germination in bacillus subtilis. | we have analyzed the rna synthesized during spore germination in bacillus subtilis. early in germination there is little incorporation of [3h]uridine into rna. a large increase in incorporation into rna was found at 45--60 min into germination which was in part due to increases in the specific activity of the utp pool. when corrected for specific activity changes, the instantaneous rate of rna synthesis showed a seven to tenfold increase between 30 and 45 min of germination. polyacrylamide gel e ... | 1979 | 117279 |
| bacillus subtilis mutants dependent on streptomycin. | | 1979 | 117280 |
| restriction of plasmid-mediated transformation in bacillus subtilis 168. | when plasmids carrying leucine genes of bacillus subtilis 168 were isolated from a restriction and modification deficient (r-m-) strain and used for transformation of a restricting strain b. subtilis 168 leu rece4, the number of transformants was greatly reduced. transformation of rec+ strain (transformation by integration of the donor dna into the chromosome) with the plasmids was not affected irrespective of whether the recipient carried the r+ or r- phenotype. these results show that the plas ... | 1979 | 117281 |
| [regularities in the synthesis of neutral protease from bacillus subtilis]. | experiments were carried out to study the formation of extracellular protease by the suspension from bacillus subtilis str. 103 washed cells selected at the growth stages characterized by the highest rate of the enzyme synthesis (after 12 and 35 hours). in relation to the protein and rna synthesis as measured by 14c-valine and 14c-uracyl the cells of that age showed a high metabolic activity. the enzyme synthesis by the cells of the log-phase was inhibited completely with chloramphenicol and by ... | 1979 | 117444 |
| [stabilization of proteases from bacillus subtilis in solution]. | experiments were carried out to study the effect of the styrene and maleinic acid copolymer on the activity of proteases produced by bacillus subtilis--protosubtilin g15x. unlike the hydrophilic ethylene--maleinic acid copolymer, styrenated maleinic acid produced a stabilizing effect on proteases via hydrophobic interaction. it is suggested that at least two forms of the enzyme differing in their activity and stability are involved in the process of inactivation. on the basis of the data obtaine ... | 1979 | 117445 |
| [immobilization of a bacterial enzyme preparation with milk coagulating action. i. methods of immobilization on different carriers]. | | 1979 | 117678 |
| effect of detergent on protease-induced mortality and pulmonary histopathology. | adddition of an anionic detergent to aerosols of bacillus subtilis protease markedly increased mortality in guinea pigs following a single aerosol exposure and altered the nature of the lung pathology after exposure. it was observed that the detergent inhibited in vitro activity of serum protease inhibitors and it is suggested that such impairment may be, in part, responsible for the observed in vivo effects of detergent on protease-induced mortality and pulmonary pathology. | 1979 | 117756 |
| inhibition of dna-induced transformation by concanavalin a in bacillus subtilis. | | 1979 | 117804 |
| [population of l-forms of bacillus subtilis studied in ficoll density gradients]. | the distribution of cells in the population of l-forms of bas. subtilis was analysed by isopicnic centrifugation in density gradient of ficoll. two main fractions of l-forms different in their density were found. the study of the fractions by various methods indicated that a considerable part of the l-forms population is presented by unviable cells of diverse size with fragments of genome or without dna. | 1979 | 117853 |
| precursor-specific nucleotide sequences can govern rna folding. | an immediate precursor of 5s ribosomal rna (rrna) from bacillus subtilis has 21 and 42 nucleotide precursor-specific segments associated with its 5' and 3' termini, respectively. on the basis of its nucleotide sequence, predicted secondary structure and location in the rrna transcriptional unit, the 3' precursor element apparently functions during the termination of transcription. a portion of the 5' precursor element is shown to facilitate the native folding of the mature domain of the precurso ... | 1979 | 117902 |
| kinetic study of a phosphoryl exchange reaction between fructose and fructose 1-phosphate catalyzed by the membrane-bound enzyme ii of the phosphoenolpyruvate-fructose 1-phosphotransferase system of bacillus subtilis. | a phosphoryl exchange reaction between fructose 1-phosphate and fructose was found to be catalyzed by a membrane preparation isolated from bacillus subtilis. the regulation of the biosynthesis of the activity in the wild type as well as in the regulation mutants frub closely correlates with that of the membrane-bound enzyme ii of the phosphoenolpyruvate fructose 1-phosphotransferase system which is known to mediate the transmembrane vectorial phosphorylation of fructose. the computed analysis of ... | 1979 | 118007 |
| mutagenic and dna-damaging effects of n-alkyl-n-(alpha-acetoxyalkyl)nitrosamines, models for metabolically activated n,n-dialkylnitrosamines. | mutagenic and dna-damaging effects of a series of n,n-dialkylnitrosamines monosubstituted at the alpha-carbon with an acetoxyl group were tested in salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, and bacilus subtilis in the absence of metabolic activation system. the compounds comprised 8 n-alkyl-n-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamines (alkyl=methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl) and n-butyl-n-(1-acetoxybutyl)nitrosamine. all the compounds, except one with a tert-butyl gro ... | 1979 | 118074 |
| [production and study of bacillus subtilis mutants for genes involved in nucleoside catabolism]. | by means of selection for a low thymine requirement the mutants fo thymine auxotrophs for deoxyriboaldolase (dra) and phosphodeoxyribomutase (drm) genes were obtained. besides the mutants for pyrimidinenucleoside phosphorylase gene (pdp) were olso isolated using selection on the fluorodeoxyuridine resistance. the latter enzyme provides for pyrimidine nucleosides catabolism (thymidine, uridine) in bacilli, as well as the conversion of exogenous thymine to thymidine in thymine auxotrophs. the data ... | 1979 | 118080 |
| construction and characterization of e. coli promoter-probe plasmid vectors. i. cloning of promoter-containing dna fragments. | derivatives of the escherichia coli drug-resistance plasmid pbr316 have been constructed which act as molecular probes for promoter-containing dna restriction fragments from various prokaryotic genomes. the plasmids, designated pbrh1 and pbrh3b, contain a unique ecori restriction site located within the promoter for the tetracycline resistance (tcr) gene. this site was created by the insertion of a chemically synthesized octanucleotide, containing the ecori cleavage sequence, into the hindiii si ... | 1979 | 118083 |
| vinyl chloride--part 2: mutagenicity. | | 1979 | 118101 |
| molecular weight of b. subtilis alpha-amylase derived from chemical studies. | bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase was cleaved with cyanogen bromide and the amino terminal sequences of the purified products were determined. the molecular weights of the cyanogen bromide fragments were ascertained on an agarose column equilibrated with 6 m guanidine hydrochloride. the molecular wieghts of these fragments were also calculated from their amino acid compositions. the data obtained bzyme monomer as 48,000. | 1979 | 118135 |
| requirement for peptidoglycan synthesis during sporulation of bacillus subtilis. | cultures of bacillus subtilis were treated during sporulation with antibiotics (bacitracin and vancomycin) that affect peptidoglycan synthesis. the cells were resistant to the effects of the antibiotics only when the drugs were added about 2 h after the beginning of sporulation. this was about 1 h later than the escape time of a temperature-sensitive sporulation mutant that is unable to complete prespore septation. similar experiments were done with a mutant temperature sensitive for peptidoglyc ... | 1979 | 118156 |
| [bacterial flagellar rotation and protonmotive force (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 118225 |
| virulence factors in bacillus thuringiensis: purification and properties of a protein inhibitor of immunity in insects. | we have previously shown that bacillus thuringiensis subsp. alesti, serotype 3, produces two extracellular inhibitors of the immune system of saturniid pupae (designated inhibitors a and b; edlund et al., 1976). starting from the culture supernatant of a new mutant of b. thuringiensis with a decreased extracellular proteolytic activity, we have now purified immune inhibitor a(ina). the procedure described consists of three steps: ultrafiltration, precipitation with ammonium sulphate and chromato ... | 1979 | 118233 |
| [studies on release mechanism of bactericidins from blood platelets (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 118274 |
| the genome of b. subtilis phage spp1: physical arrangement in phage genes. | 41 genes of spp1 have been delineated by using complementation analyses of 75 conditionally lethal (ts and sus) mutations. the physical locations of these genes on the spp1 chromosome have been determined by transfection/marker rescue experiments in which restriction endonuclease generated fragments of spp1 dna were used as donor dna. the physical order of these fragments has been previously established (ratcliff et al., 1979). | 1979 | 118320 |
| application of bacillus subtilus spores in the detection of gas mutagens: a case of ethylene oxide. | | 1979 | 118382 |
| distinctive nucleotide sequences of promoters recognized by rna polymerase containing a phage-coded "sigma-like" protein. | we report the nucleotide sequences of two promoters for bacteriophage sp01 "middle" genes. these promoters are recognized by a modified form of bacillus subtilis rna polymerase that contains a phage-coded "sigma-like" regulatory protein (gp28) in place of the bacterial sigma factor. both promoters shared the identical hexanucleotide 5'a-g-g-a-g-a at about 35 base pairs preceding the start point of transcription and the identical heptanucleotide 5'-t-t-t-a-t-t-t (t is the thymine analog 5-hydroxy ... | 1979 | 118447 |
| altered promoter selection by a novel form of bacillus subtilis rna polymerase. | bacillus subtilis rna polymerase holoenzyme prepared by several standard methods utilizes bacteriophage t7 deltad111 dna as an efficient template. the major rna products are specific transcripts from t7 promoters a(1) and c; these promoters are also efficiently utilized by rna polymerases purified from a wide range of other bacterial species [wiggs, j., bush, j. & chamberlin, m. (1979) cell 16, 97-109]. in contrast, b. subtilis rna polymerase preparations purified by a modification of the method ... | 1979 | 118448 |
| the release of gentamycin into the wound secretions from polymethylmethacrylate beads. a study with reference to the animal experiment. | following implantation of gentamycin pmma beads, the concentration of antibiotics in the wound secretion was investigated in an animal experiment which corresponded to the clinically applied procedure. the measured concentrations of active substance over a period of 6 days were on an average 8 times higher than the maximum serum titers obtainable with systemic application of antibiotics, and consequently they exceeded by several dilution stages the minimum bactericidal concentrations of most of ... | 1979 | 118720 |
| cloning of a foreign gene coding for alpha-amylase in bacillus subtilis. | | 1979 | 118759 |
| genetic strategies for studying bacterial differentiation. | | 1979 | 118776 |
| exoprotease production by sporogenous and asporogenous mycobacillin non-producer mutants of bacillus subtilis. | mycobacillin non-producers, whether sporogenous or asporogenous, possess less exoprotease, but effective exoprotease producers are not always good mycobacillin yielders. there might exist a minimum level of exoprotease formation for elaboration of mycobacillin. | 1979 | 118901 |
| equivalence of microbiological and hydroxylamine methods of analysis for ampicillin dosage forms. | ampicillin formulations were assayed by microbiological and hydroxylamine methods to determine whether thehydroxylamine analytical method is a suitable substitute for the microbiological method. paired assay results by the 2 analytical methods were obtained on different strengths of tablet, capsule, and suspension, formulations containing ampicillin and ampicillin degradation compounds. several statistical tests were used to assess the equivalence of the paired assay results. the data analyses i ... | 1979 | 118965 |
| fine structure of erythromycin-resistant, conditional asporogenous mutant of bacillus subtilis 168. | | 1979 | 119024 |
| chemotaxis towards sugars by bacillus subtilis. | many sugars and derivatives were tested in the capillary assay for their attraction of bacillus subtilis. the major attractants were 2-deoxy-d-glucose, d-fructose, gentiobiose, d-glucose, maltose, d-mannitol, d-mannose, n-acetylglucosamine, alpha-methyl-d-glucoside, beta-methyl-d-glucoside, n-acetylmannosamine, alpha-methyl-d-mannoside, d-sorbitol, l-sorbose, sucrose, trehalose and d-xylose. only glucose chemotaxis was completely constitutive. competition experiments were carried out to determin ... | 1979 | 119030 |
| partial purine deprivation causes sporulation of bacillus subtilis in the presence of excess ammonia, glucose and phosphate. | in strains of bacillus subtilis able to synthesize purines de novo, massive sporulation is suppressed by the combination of excess ammonia, glucose and phosphate. purine auxotrophs, blocked in the general or the guanine-specific portion of the branched purine pathway, sporulated in such a medium when the purine required for normal growth was removed from the medium. the resulting spore titre and the sporulation frequency increased with the residual growth rate in the purine-free medium, i.e. wit ... | 1979 | 119031 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for pbs z1, a defective phage of bacillus subtilis. | the sensitivity, reproducibility and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the defective phage pbs z1 of bacillus subtilis have been investigated. it was shown that phages in concentrations between 10(8) and 2.5 x 10(10) particles/ml could be assayed with this method. the coefficient of variation for concentrations between 5 x 10(8) and 5 x 10(9) particles/ml was approx. 10%. from some other bacillus phages tested, only the defective phages resembling pbs z1 in morpholo ... | 1979 | 119036 |
| biological validation of a sterilization process for a parenteral product-fractional exposure method. | | 1979 | 119040 |
| construction of a colony bank of e. coli containing hybrid plasmids representative of the bacillus subtilis 168 genome. expression of functions harbored by the recombinant plasmids in b. subtilis. | a collection of about 2500 clones containing hybrid plasmids representative of nearly the entire genome of b. subtilis 168 was established in e. coli sk1592 by using the poly(da).poly(dt) joining method with randomly sheared dna fragments and plasmid phv33, a bifunctional vector which can replicate in both e. coli and b. subtilis. detection of cloned recombinant dna molecules was based on the insertional inactivation of the tc gene occurring at the unique bamhi cleavage site present in the vecto ... | 1979 | 119126 |
| comparison of three procedures for isolating dna from bacteria. | three methods employing chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (ci), phenol, or enzymes, were evaluated for isolating dna from escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, and arthrobacter globiformis. for the amounts of reagents employed at optimum conditions in the ci and phenol procedures, 0.4-0.9 mg of dna/g wet weight of cells was isolated. using the enzymatic procedure, approximately twice as much dna was isolated. dna isolated by the ci procedure contained 0.03-0.09% protein and 0.08-0.12% rna. dna isolated ... | 1979 | 119130 |
| cadmium and zinc sensitivity and tolerance in bacillus subtilis subsp. niger and in a pseudomonas sp. | the action of cd2+ and zn2+ on bacillus subtilis subsp. niger atcc 9372, and on a pseudomonas sp. (possibly pseudomonas fluorescens), isolated from cadmium-polluted soil has been determined and compared with results obtained previously with klebsiella aerogenes. in liquid medium the lag and the mean generation time of bacillus subtilis subsp, niger increased with increasing cd2+ or zn2+ concentrations whereas only the total biomass of the pseudomonas sp. was affected. nevertheless, the responses ... | 1979 | 119131 |
| marker rescue transformation by linear plasmid dna in bacillus subtilis. | | 1979 | 119244 |
| [metabolic control and sporulation in bacillus subtilis (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 119278 |
| low-dose electron image reconstruction of negatively stained contractile phage sheath from bacillus subtilis (pbs-z). | the structure of the contractile sheath of the defective phage from b. subtilis (pbs-z) has been investigated by low-dose electron microscopy and image reconstruction. the extended and contracted sheath particles were imaged by means of two negative stains which consisted of uranyl- and phosphotungstate-containing solutions of a ph of 4.2 and 7.0 respectively. images of identical parts of the same type of specimen were recorded at a total electron dose of 80 c/m2 (5 electrons/a2) and 4 x 10(3) c ... | 1979 | 119341 |
| biological effects of magnetic fields: studies with microorganisms. | five bacteria and one yeast were grown in magnetic fields of 50-900 gauss with frequencies of 0-0.3 hz and square, triangular, or sine waveform. growth of these microorganisms could be stimulated or inhibited depending upon the field strength and frequency of the pulsed magnetic field. spore germination and mutation frequency were unaffected by the magnetic fields used in this study. | 1979 | 119572 |
| the role of temperate bacteriophage sp beta in prophage-mediated interference in bacillus subtilis. | virulent bacteriophage phi 1 grows on a variety of bacillus subtilis strains, mutants of this virus which abortively infect the transformable bacillus. b. subtilis 168, while retaining the ability to productively infect related bacteria have been found. in the present study, we demonstrate that the inability of one such variant, phi 1m, to develop normally in strain 168 is mediated by cryptic prophage sp beta. the latter is a temperate bacteriophage which is carried by b. subtilis 168 and most s ... | 1979 | 119575 |
| pediatric osteomyelitis: iii. anaerobic microorganisms. | primary osteomyelitis consequent to obligate anaerobic microorganisms represents an infrequently encountered type of infection in pediatric patients. unlike osteomyelitis caused by more common microorganisms such as staphylococcus, children with osseous lesions due to anaerobic microorganisms are frequently minimally symptomatic and rarely present the classic signs of fulminant osteomyelitis. radiographically, the lesions may mimic malignant osseous tumors. fastidious microbiologic analysis of t ... | 1979 | 119602 |
| in vitro studies on the carcinogenic potential of orthodontic bonding materials. | | 1979 | 119625 |
| the prophage of sp beta c2dcitk1, a defective specialized transducing phage of bacillus subtilis. | the defective specialized transducing phage sp beta c2dcitk1 carries two known bacterial genes, kaua and citk, as well as sp beta hage markers including the heat-sensitive repressor allele, c2. some phage genes (including essential ones) are missing. when sp beta c2dcitk1 transduces sp beta-sensitive cells of bacillus subtilis, the defective prophage is inserted into sites in the homologous bacterial dna of the attsp beta-kaua-citk region of the recipient chromosome. during the growth of these t ... | 1979 | 119663 |
| division septation in the absence of chromosome termination in bacillus subtilis. | | 1979 | 119867 |
| protein synthesis in bacillus subtilis. i. hydrodynamics and in vitro functional properties of ribosomes from b. subtilis w168. | | 1979 | 119873 |
| chromosomal mutations causing resistance to tetracycline in bacillus subtilis. | we have isolated, after ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis, several chromosomal mutations causing resistance to tetracycline in bacillus subtilis. these mutations fall into two classics, teta and tetb. 30 s ribosomal protein s10 shows an altered mobility on two-dimensional acrylamide gels in cells bearing the former type of mutation. ribosomes from these cells show elevated levels of resistance to tetracycline in vitro as measured by polyuridine dependent polyphenylalanine synthesis. the teta loc ... | 1979 | 119896 |
| antagonistic effects of bacillus natto and streptococcus faecalis on growth of candida albicans. | the growth-inhibitory effects of bacillus natto and streptococcus faecalis on canida albicans were investigated. when inoculated into the filtrate of a long-term culture of b. natto strain bn (bn), a stock culture of c. albicans rimd 0301020 lost its viability completely, whereas c. albicans rimd 0301011, a fresh isolate from a clinical source, did not. in continuous flow (cf) culture the growth of both strains of c. albicans was suppressed by mixed cultivation with bn. on the other hand, in cla ... | 1979 | 119897 |
| [purification of beta-glucanase on cellulose]. | the paper describes a method for purifying beta-glucanse (lychenase) which includes enzyme absorption on the microcrystalline cellulose column or ground filter paper at ph 5.5, and elution with phosphate buffer ph 7.6. specific activity of beta-glucanase eluted from the column may be increased by 8--23 times, depending on the purification conditions. | 1979 | 119964 |
| near ultraviolet induction of growth delay studied in a menaquinone-deficient mutant of bacillus subtilis. | | 1978 | 119977 |
| simple agar block slide culture suitable for varying the environment of bacteria during time-lapse cinephotomicrography. | a simple paper wick agar block slide culture is described for use in experiments which vary the chemical environment of bacteria during time-lapse cinephotomicrography. | 1979 | 120134 |
| the cell cycle of bacillus subtilis as studied by electron microscopy. | bacillus subtilis strain marburg was grown exponentially with a doubling time of 65 min. to follow the time course of various cell cycle events, cells were collected by agar filtration and were then classified according to length. the dna replication cycle was determined by a quantitative analysis of radioautograms of tritiated thymidine pulse labeled cells. the dna replication period was found to be 45 min. this period is preceded and followed by periods without dna synthesis of about 10 min. t ... | 1979 | 120161 |
| catabolite repression-resistant mutants of bacillus subtilis. | mutants of bacillus subtilis that are able to sporulate under the condition of catabolite repression were isolated by a simple selection technique. the mutants used in the present study were able to grow normally on minimal medium with ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source and glucose as the carbon source. studies carried out with these mutants show that there is no close relation between catabolite repression of an inducible enzyme, acetoin dehydrogenase, and that of sporulation. certain mut ... | 1979 | 120218 |
| separation of oligonucleotides on ion-exchange derivatives of spheron. | diphenylamine-formic acid hydrolyzate of bacillus subtilis dna (a mixture of pyrimidine oligodeoxyribonucleotides) was chromatographed using an ionic strength gradient on seven ion exchangers: five deae-spherons 300 of various capacities, two types of bd-spheron 300 and deae-sephadex a-25. the suitability of ion-exchange derivatives of spheron for the chromatography of oligonucleotides is discussed. the separation of mono- to undeca-deoxyribonucleotides was achieved. | 1979 | 120376 |
| identification of different sites of expression for spo loci by transformation of bacillus subtilis. | asporogenous mutants of bacillus subtilis were rendered capable of forming heat-resistant spores by transformation with wild-type (spo+) dna at, or near, the start of sporulation. for several mutants up to about 50% of the colonies derived from heat-resistant spores, formed as a result of the transformation, remained genetically asporogenous (spo). this was thought to indicate that the genome of the mother cell, but not that of the forespore, was transformed to spo+ and that correct expression o ... | 1979 | 120409 |
| electron microscopy of the morphogenesis of bacillus subtilis bacteriophage sp3. | the capsid of bacillus subtilis bacteriophage sp3 is assembled via a prohead intermediate which subsequently encapsulates dna and attaches a tail. the prohead contains a ring-like core structure. the spokes which extend from the core to the inner prohead surface are thought to form a scaffold for the polymerization of the prohead. ninety percent of the proheads are assembled prior to the onset of dna encapsulation. the first mature phage particles are observed at 45 min after infection; titres o ... | 1979 | 120413 |
| growth and sporulation of auxotrophs of bacillus subtilis in a medium with limited nutrients. | growth and sporulation were examined for 30 auxotrophs of bacillus subtilis in a chemically defined medium with suboptimal amounts of nutrients. all strains except for some adenine-requiring mutants could not overtake sporulation stage ii when amino acids, vitamins, or bases were limited, whereas they sporulated fairly well without limitation. abnormal structures, a cell with thickened cell wall and a cell with several refractile bodies, were found in some strains after the vegetative growth sto ... | 1979 | 120486 |