| identification of interspecies interactions affecting porphyromonas gingivalis virulence phenotypes. | periodontitis is recognized as a complex polymicrobial disease, however, the impact of the bacterial interactions among the 700-1,000 different species of the oral microbiota remains poorly understood. we conducted an in vitro screen for oral bacteria that mitigate selected virulence phenotypes of the important periodontal pathogen, porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2011 | 22022641 |
| effects of saliva or serum coating on adherence of streptococcus oralis strains to titanium. | the use of dental implants to treat tooth loss has increased rapidly over recent years. 'smooth' implants showing high long-term success rates have successively been replaced by implants with rougher surfaces, designed to stimulate rapid osseointegration and promote tissue healing. if exposed in the oral cavity, rougher surfaces may promote bacterial adhesion leading to formation of microbial biofilms which can induce peri-implant inflammation. streptococcus oralis is an early colonizer of oral ... | 2011 | 22075030 |
| effect of saliva viscosity on the co-aggregation between oral streptococci and actinomyces naeslundii. | gerodontology 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00595.x effect of saliva viscosity on the co-aggregation between oral streptococci and actinomyces naeslundii background: the co-aggregation of oral bacteria leads to their clearance from the oral cavity. poor oral hygiene and high saliva viscosity are common amongst the elderly; thus, they frequently suffer from pneumonia caused by the aspiration of oral microorganisms. objectives: to examine the direct effect of saliva viscosity on the co-agg ... | 2011 | 22077758 |
| clonal structure of streptococcus sanguinis strains isolated from endocarditis cases and the oral cavity. | a collection of streptococcus sanguinis strains from patients with endocarditis (n = 21) and from the oral cavity (n = 34) was subjected to a multi-locus sequence typing analysis using seven housekeeping genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (carb), co/zn/cd efflux system component (czcd), d-alanyl-d-alanine ligase (ddl), dna polymerase iii (dnax), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (gdh), dna-directed rna polymerase, beta subunit (rpob) and superoxide dismutase (soda). the scheme was expanded by ... | 2011 | 21896156 |
| activity of in vitro forms of dentifrices containing the hydroalcoholic extract of the ripe fruit of eugenia uniflora l. (surinam cherry) on cariogenic bacteria. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of dentifrices containing the hydroalcoholic extract of the ripe fruit of eugenia uniflora l. (surinam cherry) on streptococcus oralis (atcc 10557) and lactobacillus casei (atcc 7469). five dentifrices were used: d1: containing hydroalcoholic extract of eugenia uniflora l.; d2: containing fluoride and hydroalcoholic extract of eugenia uniflora l.; d3: containing triclosan and hydroalcoholic extract of eugenia uniflora l; d4: containing ... | 2011 | 22010405 |
| Development of a real-time PCR assay for the specific detection and identification of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae using the recA gene. | Clin Microbiol Infect ABSTRACT: We sequenced the evolutionarily conserved genes 16S rRNA, atpD, tuf, and recA from Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus oralis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that recA provided good resolution between these species, including discrimination of the novel species S. pseudopneumoniae. By contrast, the more conserved 16S rRNA, tuf and atpD are not sufficiently discriminatory. Therefore, recA sequences were u ... | 2011 | 22022828 |
| Antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of Casbane Diterpene from Croton nepetaefolius against oral bacteria. | OBJECTIVE: The antibacterial activity of Casbane Diterpene (CD) was evaluated in vitro against Streptococcus oralis, S. mutans, S. salivarius, S. sobrinus, S. mitis and S. sanguinis. The viability of planktonic cells was analysed by susceptibility tests (MIC and MBC) and antibiofilm action was assayed. METHODS: The minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of oral Streptococcus were evaluated through microdilution tests. To assay antibiofilm activity, biofilms were generat ... | 2011 | 22119044 |
| antibiotic modulation of the plasminogen binding ability of viridans group streptococci. | the ability of viridans group streptococci to bind human plasminogen and its subsequent activation into plasmin may contribute to the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis (ie) by leading to a decreased stability of the streptococcal vegetation and facilitating dehiscence of emboli. at levels greater than or equal to their mics, penicillin, vancomycin, and linezolid are efficacious in the treatment of streptococcal endocarditis. however, at sub-mics, antibiotics can modulate the expression of b ... | 2012 | 22037854 |
| pH landscapes in a novel five-species model of early dental biofilm. | Despite continued preventive efforts, dental caries remains the most common disease of man. Organic acids produced by microorganisms in dental plaque play a crucial role for the development of carious lesions. During early stages of the pathogenetic process, repeated pH drops induce changes in microbial composition and favour the establishment of an increasingly acidogenic and aciduric microflora. The complex structure of dental biofilms, allowing for a multitude of different ecological environm ... | 2011 | 21966490 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide paste. | to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide (ch) paste. | 2010 | 22114408 |
| [detection and analysis of come and luxs genes in quorum sensing signal pathway from streptococcus oralis]. | to detect and analyze two important genes, come and luxs, in quorum sensing signal pathway from streptococcus oralis (s. oralis). | 2011 | 21932651 |
| mitis group streptococci express variable pilus islet 2 pili. | streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mitis, and streptococcus sanguinis are members of the mitis group of streptococci and agents of oral biofilm, dental plaque and infective endocarditis, disease processes that involve bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions. their close relative, the human pathogen s. pneumoniae uses pilus-islet 2 (pi-2)-encoded pili to facilitate adhesion to eukaryotic cells. | 2011 | 21966432 |
| Synergistic Interaction between Candida albicans and Commensal Oral Streptococci in a Novel In Vitro Mucosal Model. | Candida albicans is a commensal colonizer of the gastrointestinal tract of humans, where it coexists with highly diverse bacterial communities. It is not clear if this interaction limits or promotes the potential of C. albicans to become an opportunistic pathogen. Here we investigate the interaction between C. albicans and three species of streptococci from the viridans group, which are ubiquitous and abundant oral commensal bacteria. The ability of C. albicans to form biofilms with Streptococcu ... | 2011 | 22104105 |
| in vitro interaction of chronic wound bacteria in biofilms. | to use in vitro biofilm models of wound bacterial isolates and compare the biofilms produced for different combinations of wound bacterial species. | 2011 | 22240883 |
| oral microbial biofilm stimulation of epithelial cell responses. | oral bacterial biofilms trigger chronic inflammatory responses in the host that can result in the tissue destructive events of periodontitis. however, the characteristics of the capacity of specific host cell types to respond to these biofilms remain ill-defined. this report describes the use of a novel model of bacterial biofilms to stimulate oral epithelial cells and profile select cytokines and chemokines that contribute to the local inflammatory environment in the periodontium. monoinfection ... | 2012 | 22266273 |
| uv-c-irradiation sublethal stress does not alter antibiotic susceptibility of the viridans group streptococci to β-lactam, macrolide, and fluoroquinolone antibiotic agents. | previous work has indicated that environmental stresses on bacteria might lead to an upregulation of stress response. led curing lights (315-400 nm) and other uv lights used in tooth whitening cosmetic procedures might act as stresses. we examined the effect of uv-c light, as a high-energy surrogate to the lower-energy uv-a light used in such instruments, to examine its effect on the antibiotic susceptibility of viridans group streptococci. | 2011 | 22887906 |
| influence of orthodontic treatment on oral streptococci. | objective of this study is to evaluate the changes of the oral microbial flora, concentrating on the oral streptococci, after the first 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatment. | 2011 | 22570923 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of mouth washes and herbal products against dental biofilm-forming bacteria. | to evaluate in vitro, the antimicrobial effect of cymbopogon citrates (lemon grass), plectranthusamboinicus (mexican mint) and conyzabonariensis (hairy fleabane) tinctures as well as pure and diluted commercial mouth washes (malvatricin(®), periogard(®) and listerine(®)) on wild isolates of streptococcusmutans and reference strains of s. mutans, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus oralis and lactobacillus casei by determination of minimum inhibitory dilution (mid). | 2012 | 23293486 |
| validation of a quantitative real-time pcr assay and comparison with fluorescence microscopy and selective agar plate counting for species-specific quantification of an in vitro subgingival biofilm model. | subgingival biofilms are the prime etiological factor of periodontal disease. owing to their complex polymicrobial nature, quantification of individual bacterial species within the biofilm for research and diagnostic purposes can be methodologically challenging. the aims of this study were to establish a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay to quantify the bacteria used in our 10-species in vitro 'subgingival' biofilm model and to compare the quantitative outcome with fluorescence microscopy ... | 2012 | 23278531 |
| simultaneous detection of streptococcus pneumoniae, s. mitis, and s. oralis by a novel multiplex pcr assay targeting the gyrb gene. | a multiplex pcr (mpcr) protocol was developed for simultaneous detection of the gyrb gene in streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus mitis, and streptococcus oralis, and the specificity was evaluated using 141 coccus strains. genomic dnas purified from s. pneumoniae, s. mitis, and s. oralis strains were efficiently detected with size differences, whereas no pcr products were amplified from any of the reference strains tested. a pilot study of 47 human oral swab specimens was conducted in paralle ... | 2012 | 23269740 |
| identification and characterization of porphyromonas gingivalis client proteins that bind to streptococcus oralis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. | coaggregation of porphyromonas gingivalis and oral streptococci is thought to play an important role in p. gingivalis colonization. previously, we reported that p. gingivalis major fimbriae interacted with streptococcus oralis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), and that amino acid residues 166 to 183 of gapdh exhibited strong binding activity toward p. gingivalis fimbriae (h. nagata, m. iwasaki, k. maeda, m. kuboniwa, e. hashino, m. toe, n. minamino, h. kuwahara, and s. shizukuish ... | 2012 | 23264054 |
| impact of early colonizers on in vitro subgingival biofilm formation. | the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early colonizing species on the structure and the composition of the bacterial community developing in a subgingival 10-species biofilm model system. the model included streptococcus oralis, streptococcus anginosus, actinomycesoris, fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, veillonella dispar, campylobacter rectus, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola. based on literature, we consider ... | 2013 | 24340084 |
| the novel species streptococcus tigurinus and its association with oral infection. | streptococcus tigurinus is a novel species of viridans streptococci, shown to cause severe invasive infections such as infective endocarditis, spondylodiscitis and meningitis. s. tigurinus belongs to the streptococcus mitis group and is most closely related to streptococcus mitis, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and streptococcus infantis. the presence of s. tigurinus in the human oral cavity has been documented, including in patients with periodont ... | 2014 | 25483862 |
| association between polycystic ovary syndrome, oral microbiota and systemic antibody responses. | polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a hormonal disorder of women that not only is the leading cause of infertility but also shows a reciprocal link with oral health. this study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the levels of putative periodontal pathogens in saliva and their antibody response in serum are elevated in pcos, compared to systemic health. a total of 125 women were included in four groups; 45 women with pcos and healthy periodontium, 35 women with pcos and gingivitis, 25 syste ... | 2014 | 25232962 |
| incorporation of staphylococci into titanium-grown biofilms: an in vitro "submucosal" biofilm model for peri-implantitis. | staphylococcus spp. are postulated to play a role in peri-implantitis. this study aimed to develop a "submucosal" in vitro biofilm model, by integrating two staphylococci into its composition. | 2015 | 26461083 |
| functional signatures of oral dysbiosis during periodontitis progression revealed by microbial metatranscriptome analysis. | periodontitis is a polymicrobial biofilm-induced inflammatory disease that affects 743 million people worldwide. the current model to explain periodontitis progression proposes that changes in the relative abundance of members of the oral microbiome lead to dysbiosis in the host-microbiome crosstalk and then to inflammation and bone loss. using combined metagenome/metatranscriptome analysis of the subgingival microbiome in progressing and non-progressing sites, we have characterized the distinct ... | 2015 | 25918553 |
| a yada-like autotransporter, hag1 in veillonella atypica is a multivalent hemagglutinin involved in adherence to oral streptococci, porphyromonas gingivalis, and human oral buccal cells. | dental biofilm development is a sequential process, and adherence between microbes and the salivary pellicle (adhesion) as well as among different microbes (co-adhesion or coaggregation) plays a critical role in building a biofilm community. the veillonella species are among the most predominant species in the oral cavity and coaggregate with many initial, early, middle, and late colonizers. similar to oral fusobacteria, they are also considered bridging species in biofilm development. however, ... | 2015 | 25440509 |
| reduced glutathione mediates resistance to h2s toxicity in oral streptococci. | periodontal disease is associated with changes in the composition of the oral microflora, where health-associated oral streptococci decrease while gram-negative anaerobes predominate in disease. a key feature of periodontal disease-associated anaerobes is their ability to produce hydrogen sulfide (h2s) abundantly as a by-product of anaerobic metabolism. so far, h2s has been reported to be either cytoprotective or cytotoxic by modulating bacterial antioxidant defense systems. although oral anaero ... | 2016 | 26801579 |
| microbial diversity in the early in vivo-formed dental biofilm. | although the mature dental biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the earliest phase of in vivo tooth colonization. progress in dental biofilm collection methodologies and techniques of large-scale microbial identification have made new studies in this field of oral biology feasible. the aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of the cultivable and noncultivable microbes in the early dental biofilm. samples of early dental biofil ... | 2016 | 26746720 |
| comparison of microbial changes in early redeveloping biofilms on natural teeth and dentures. | surfaces and fluids can affect oral bacterial colonization. the aim of this study is to compare redeveloping biofilms on natural teeth and dentures. | 2012 | 22443543 |
| in vitro effect of porphyromonas gingivalis methionine gamma lyase on biofilm composition and oral inflammatory response. | methanethiol (methyl mercaptan) is an important contributor to oral malodour and periodontal tissue destruction. porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum are key oral microbial species that produce methanethiol via methionine gamma lyase (mgl) activity. the aim of this study was to compare an mgl knockout strain of p. gingivalis with its wild type using a 10-species biofilm co-culture model with oral keratinocytes and its effect on biofilm composition and infla ... | 2016 | 28033374 |
| characterization of recombinant fluoroquinolone-resistant pneumococcus-like isolates. | fourteen fluoroquinolone-resistant streptococcal isolates with recombinant dna topoisomerase genes, preliminarily identified as pneumococci, were further characterized using phenotypic and genotypic approaches. phenotypic tests classified them as atypical pneumococci. phylogenetic relationships were analyzed by using the sequences of seven housekeeping alleles from these isolates and from isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus mitis, streptococcus oralis, and streptococcus pseudopne ... | 2013 | 23114769 |
| the assessment of oral microflora exposed to 3% ethanolic extract of brazilian green propolis preparation used for hygiene maintenance following minor oral surgeries. | the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a topically administered hygienic preparation containing a 3% ethanolic extract of brazilian green propolis (eep-b) on oral microflora spectrum changes in a group of patients who underwent common oral surgery procedures. two gel samples were compared: the tested gel containing an active ingredient, that is, a 3% eep-b (gel ga), and a placebo as the negative control (gel gc). the collection of microbiological material included 14 patients ... | 2015 | 26380300 |
| probing of microbial biofilm communities for coadhesion partners. | investigations of interbacterial adhesion in dental plaque development are currently limited by the lack of a convenient assay to screen the multitude of species present in oral biofilms. to overcome this limitation, we developed a solid-phase fluorescence-based screening method to detect and identify coadhesive partner organisms in mixed-species biofilms. the applicability of this method was demonstrated using coaggregating strains of type 2 fimbrial adhesin-bearing actinomyces and receptor pol ... | 2014 | 25107971 |
| pantoea agglomerans in immunodeficient patients with different respiratory symptoms. | the aim of this paper was to determine in 32 patients from 4 different mexican hospitals the frequency of opportunistic bacteria in the 2010 to 2011 time period. the patients were divided in 4 groups. group 1 included 21 hiv positive patients with acute respiratory syndrome. four hiv positive patients with tuberculosis symptoms were included in group 2; two patients with tuberculosis symptoms and one asymptomatic person formed group 3. reference group 4 included 4 patients from whom 4 strains of ... | 2012 | 22619600 |
| antimicrobial activity of pure platelet-rich plasma against microorganisms isolated from oral cavity. | autologous platelet concentrates (pcs) have been extensively used in a variety of medical fields to promote soft and hard tissue regeneration. the significance behind their use lies in the abundance of growth factors in platelets α-granules that promotes wound healing. in addition, antibacterial properties of pcs against various bacteria have been recently pointed out. in this study, the antimicrobial effect of pure platelet-rich plasma (p-prp) was evaluated against oral cavity microorganisms su ... | 2013 | 23442413 |
| rapid detection of gram-positive organisms by use of the verigene gram-positive blood culture nucleic acid test and the bact/alert pediatric fan system in a multicenter pediatric evaluation. | assays that expedite the reporting of organism identification and antibiotic susceptibility status in positive blood cultures can fast track interventions that improve clinical outcomes. we evaluated the verigene gram-positive blood culture nucleic acid test (bc-gp) in two pediatric hospitals. positive bact/alert pediatric fan blood cultures with gram-positive organisms were tested using the bc-gp in tandem with routine laboratory procedures. to test organisms underrepresented in the clinical bl ... | 2013 | 23966484 |
| differential utilization of basic proline-rich glycoproteins during growth of oral bacteria in saliva. | although saliva is widely recognized as a primary source of carbon and nitrogen for growth of the dental plaque biofilm community, little is known about how different oral bacteria utilize specific salivary components. to address this question, 32 strains representing 16 genera commonly isolated from early plaque biofilms were compared for growth over two transfers in stimulated (by chewing parafilm) whole saliva that was stabilized by heat treatment and dialysis. the cell densities, measured by ... | 2016 | 27316966 |
| an oral multispecies biofilm model for high content screening applications. | peri-implantitis caused by multispecies biofilms is a major complication in dental implant treatment. the bacterial infection surrounding dental implants can lead to bone loss and, in turn, to implant failure. a promising strategy to prevent these common complications is the development of implant surfaces that inhibit biofilm development. a reproducible and easy-to-use biofilm model as a test system for large scale screening of new implant surfaces with putative antibacterial potency is therefo ... | 2017 | 28296966 |
| rhamnolipids from non-pathogenic burkholderia thailandensis e264: physicochemical characterization, antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy against oral hygiene related pathogens. | biosurfactants are naturally occurring surface active compounds that have mainly been exploited for environmental applications and consumer products, with their biomedical efficacy an emerging area of research. rhamnolipids area major group of biosurfactants that have been reported for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy. one of the main limiting factors for scaled up production and downstream applications of rhamnolipids is the fact that they are predominantly produced from the opportu ... | 2017 | 28065676 |
| interproximal biofilm removal by intervallic use of a sonic toothbrush compared to an oral irrigation system. | the purpose of this in-vitro study was to investigate the potential of biofilm removal in interproximal tooth regions using intervallic cleaning with an oral irrigator or a sonic toothbrush. | 2015 | 26243234 |
| removal of dental biofilms with an ultrasonically activated water stream. | acidogenic bacteria within dental plaque biofilms are the causative agents of caries. consequently, maintenance of a healthy oral environment with efficient biofilm removal strategies is important to limit caries, as well as halt progression to gingivitis and periodontitis. recently, a novel cleaning device has been described using an ultrasonically activated stream (uas) to generate a cavitation cloud of bubbles in a freely flowing water stream that has demonstrated the capacity to be effective ... | 2015 | 26056055 |
| periodontal therapy effects on nitrite related to oral bacteria: a 6-month randomized clinical trial. | nitrite is a biologic factor relevant to oral and systemic homeostasis. through an oral bacteria reduction process, it was suggested that periodontal therapy and chlorhexidine (chx) rinse could affect nitrite levels, leading to negative effects, such as an increase in blood pressure. this 6-month randomized clinical trial evaluated the effects of periodontal therapeutic protocols on salivary nitrite and its relation to subgingival bacteria. | 2015 | 25811847 |
| an in vitro biofilm model associated to dental implants: structural and quantitative analysis of in vitro biofilm formation on different dental implant surfaces. | the impact of implant surfaces in dental biofilm development is presently unknown. the aim of this investigation was to assess in vitro the development of a complex biofilm model on titanium and zirconium implant surfaces, and to compare it with the same biofilm formed on hydroxyapatite surface. | 2014 | 25110288 |
| salivary pellicle composition and multispecies biofilm developed on titanium nitrided by cold plasma. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the salivary pellicle (sp) and multispecies biofilm developed on titanium nitrided by cold plasma. | 2014 | 24769315 |
| characterization and application of a flow system for in vitro multispecies oral biofilm formation. | bacteria in the oral cavity grow in the form of biofilms; these structures are subject to constant saliva or gingival crevicular fluid flow conditions. the aims of this study were: (i) to develop and to characterize an in-vitro biofilm model with oral bacteria growing under flow and shear conditions; and (ii) to demonstrate the usefulness of the model for evaluating the activity of three antiplaque agents. | 2014 | 23815431 |
| streptococcus mutans protein synthesis during mixed-species biofilm development by high-throughput quantitative proteomics. | biofilms formed on tooth surfaces are comprised of mixed microbiota enmeshed in an extracellular matrix. oral biofilms are constantly exposed to environmental changes, which influence the microbial composition, matrix formation and expression of virulence. streptococcus mutans and sucrose are key modulators associated with the evolution of virulent-cariogenic biofilms. in this study, we used a high-throughput quantitative proteomics approach to examine how s. mutans produces relevant proteins th ... | 2012 | 23049864 |
| osteopontin reduces biofilm formation in a multi-species model of dental biofilm. | combating dental biofilm formation is the most effective means for the prevention of caries, one of the most widespread human diseases. among the chemical supplements to mechanical tooth cleaning procedures, non-bactericidal adjuncts that target the mechanisms of bacterial biofilm formation have gained increasing interest in recent years. milk proteins, such as lactoferrin, have been shown to interfere with bacterial colonization of saliva-coated surfaces. we here study the effect of bovine milk ... | 2012 | 22879891 |
| bacterial viability on surface-modified resin-based dental restorative materials. | the purpose of the present investigation was to investigate the viability of early colonizers on the surfaces of resin-based dental restorative materials modified with low-surface tension active agents in comparison with the unmodified material. a novel polymeric sorption material, loaded with two low-surface tension γ(l) active agents (hydroxyfunctional polydimethylsiloxane and polydimethylsiloxane) or a polymerizable active agent (silicone polyether acrylate), was used to modify commonly formu ... | 2012 | 22673754 |
| the exopolysaccharide matrix modulates the interaction between 3d architecture and virulence of a mixed-species oral biofilm. | virulent biofilms are responsible for a range of infections, including oral diseases. all biofilms harbor a microbial-derived extracellular-matrix. the exopolysaccharides (eps) formed on tooth-pellicle and bacterial surfaces provide binding sites for microorganisms; eventually the accumulated eps enmeshes microbial cells. the metabolic activity of the bacteria within this matrix leads to acidification of the milieu. we explored the mechanisms through which the streptococcus mutans-produced eps-m ... | 2012 | 22496649 |
| subgingival microbiota in adult down syndrome periodontitis. | the subgingival microbiota in down syndrome and non-down syndrome adults receiving periodic dental care was examined for 40 bacterial species using checkerboard dna-dna hybridization and the results were related to clinical periodontal attachment loss. | 2012 | 22221039 |
| interkingdom cooperation between candida albicans, streptococcus oralis and actinomyces oris modulates early biofilm development on denture material. | candida-associated stomatitis affects up to 60% of denture wearers, and candida albicans remains the most commonly isolated fungal species. the oral bacteria actinomyces oris and streptococcus oralis are abundant in early dental plaque. the aims of this study were to determine the effects of s. oralis and a. oris on the development of c. albicans biofilms on denture material. resin discs were coated with saliva and at early (1.5 h) or later (24 h) stages of biofilm development, cell numbers of e ... | 2016 | 26755532 |
| effect of endodontic irrigants on biofilm matrix polysaccharides. | to specifically investigate the effect of endodontic irrigants at their clinical concentration on matrix polysaccharides of cultured biofilms. | 2017 | 26705856 |
| colonisation of gingival epithelia by subgingival biofilms in vitro: role of "red complex" bacteria. | biofilm formation on tooth surface results in colonisation and invasion of the juxtaposed gingival tissue, eliciting strong inflammatory responses that lead to periodontal disease. this in vitro study investigated the colonisation of human gingival multi-layered epithelium by multi-species subgingival biofilms, and evaluated the relative effects of the "red complex" species (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola). | 2014 | 24949828 |
| red wine and oenological extracts display antimicrobial effects in an oral bacteria biofilm model. | the antimicrobial effects of red wine and its inherent components on oral microbiota were studied by using a 5-species biofilm model of the supragingival plaque that includes actinomyces oris, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mutans and veillonella dispar. microbiological analysis (cfu counting and confocal laser scanning microscopy) of the biofilms after the application of red wine, dealcoholized red wine, and red wine extract solutions spiked or not with grape seed ... | 2014 | 24773294 |
| pilus hijacking by a bacterial coaggregation factor critical for oral biofilm development. | the formation of dental plaque, a highly complex biofilm that causes gingivitis and periodontitis, requires specific adherence among many oral microbes, including the coaggregation of actinomyces oris with streptococcus oralis that helps to seed biofilm development. here, we report the discovery of a key coaggregation factor for this process. this protein, which we named coaggregation factor a (cafa), is one of 14 cell surface proteins with the lpxtg motif predicted in a. oris mg1, whose functio ... | 2014 | 24567409 |
| arthritis-induced alveolar bone loss is associated with changes in the composition of oral microbiota. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and periodontitis (pd) are chronic inflammatory disorders that cause bone loss. pd tends to be more prevalent and severe in ra patients. previous experimental studies demonstrated that ra triggers alveolar bone loss similarly to pd. the aim of this study was to investigate if arthritis-induced alveolar bone loss is associated with modification in the oral microbiota. checkerboard dna-dna hybridization was employed to analyze forty oral bacterial species in 3 groups of c ... | 2016 | 26996070 |
| zoocin a and lauricidin in combination reduce streptococcus mutans growth in a multispecies biofilm. | dental caries is the most prevalent human infection. it is a multifactorial disease in which the microbial composition of dental plaque plays a major role in the development of clinical symptoms. the bacteria most often implicated in the development of caries are that group of streptococci referred to as the mutans streptococci, in particular streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus. one approach to the prevention of caries is to reduce the numbers of mutans streptococci in plaque to a le ... | 2012 | 22508519 |
| development of a flow chamber system for the reproducible in vitro analysis of biofilm formation on implant materials. | since the introduction of modern dental implants in the 1980s, the number of inserted implants has steadily increased. implant systems have become more sophisticated and have enormously enhanced patients' quality of life. although there has been tremendous development in implant materials and clinical methods, bacterial infections are still one of the major causes of implant failure. these infections involve the formation of sessile microbial communities, called biofilms. biofilms possess unique ... | 2017 | 28187188 |
| detection and quantification of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis and streptococcus oralis in blood samples with different microbiological identification methods: an in vitro study. | culture-based methods (culture broth bottles or lysis methods) have been the standard for detecting bacteremia. more recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) was proposed as a more sensitive and specific test although none of them has been validated for the identification of periodontal pathogens (fastidious growing bacteria) in blood samples. | 2017 | 27875793 |
| antimicrobial effects of commensal oral species are regulated by environmental factors. | the objectives of this study are to identify oral commensal species which can inhibit the growth of the main periodontopathogens, to determine the antimicrobial substances involved in these inhibitory activities and to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the magnitude of these inhibitions. | 2016 | 26875613 |
| clinical and microbiologic evaluation of scaling and root planing per quadrant and one-stage full-mouth disinfection associated with azithromycin or chlorhexidine: a clinical randomized controlled trial. | conflicting data about the protocol of choice for non-surgical periodontal therapy with adjuvant use are still reported. this study aims to evaluate, through clinical and microbiologic parameters, the systemic use of azithromycin (az) and chlorhexidine (chx) as adjuvants to non-surgical periodontal treatment performed by one-stage full-mouth disinfection (fmd) within 24 hours or conventional quadrant scaling (qs) in four weekly sections. | 2015 | 26252751 |
| antimicrobial activity of different filling pastes for deciduous tooth treatment. | guedes-pinto paste is the filling material most employed in brazil for endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth; however, the rifocort® ointment has been removed. thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of filling pastes, by proposing three new pharmacological associations to replace rifocort® ointment with drugs of already established antimicrobial power: nebacetin® ointment, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel, and maxitrol® ointment. a paste composed of iodoform, ... | 2015 | 25466327 |
| molecular identification and antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from primary dentition infections. | bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a health problem in many parts of the world. the aim of this study was to identify bacteria from dental infections and determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics used in dental care in the primary dentition. | 2014 | 25091293 |
| development of long-term antimicrobial poly(methyl methacrylate) by incorporating mesoporous silica nanocarriers. | poly(methyl methacrylate) (pmma) used as removable denture bases or orthodontic appliances has relatively poor antimicrobial properties, which accelerate oral infection and induce unfavorable odors. mesoporous silica nanoparticles (msns) have been highlighted as a potential additive to overcome this issue because of their drug-loading capacity. here, we present the long-term antimicrobial effect of msn-incorporated pmma with drug-loading capacity. | 2016 | 27671462 |
| effects of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass ionomer on oral biofilm formation of streptococcus gordonii. | streptococcus gordonii, a bacterium involved in the initial colonization of tooth surfaces, contributes to dental biofilm formation and is an important cause of infective endocarditis. this study aimed to investigate the influence of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass ionomer (s-prg) filler on oral bacterial growth and aggregation of s. gordonii. the effect of various concentrations of s-prg eluate on the growth and the biofilm formation of s. gordonii and other oral microorganisms (strepto ... | 2016 | 26319990 |
| isolation of alkaline-tolerant bacteria from primary infected root canals. | alkaline-tolerant bacteria in primary infected root canals could have enhanced survival capacity against antimicrobials commonly used in root canal treatment. the aims of this study were to isolate and characterize alkaline-tolerant bacteria before endodontic treatment (s1), after chemomechanical root canal preparation (s2), and after calcium hydroxide dressing (s3). | 2015 | 25638530 |
| effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with various irrigation protocols on an endodontic multispecies biofilm ex vivo. | to analyse the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (pdt) in combination with various irrigation protocols on a multispecies biofilm in root canals ex vivo. | 2017 | 28276583 |
| plasma components and platelet activation are essential for the antimicrobial properties of autologous platelet-rich plasma: an in vitro study. | autologous platelet concentrates are successfully adopted in a variety of medical fields to stimulate bone and soft tissue regeneration. the rationale for their use consists in the delivery of a wide range of platelet-derived bioactive molecules that promotes wound healing. in addition, antimicrobial properties of platelet concentrates have been pointed out. in this study, the effect of the platelet concentration, of the activation step and of the presence of plasmatic components on the antimicr ... | 2014 | 25232963 |
| using color histograms and spa-lda to classify bacteria. | in this work, a new approach is proposed to verify the differentiating characteristics of five bacteria (escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus oralis, and staphylococcus aureus) by using digital images obtained with a simple webcam and variable selection by the successive projections algorithm associated with linear discriminant analysis (spa-lda). in this sense, color histograms in the red-green-blue (rgb), hue-saturation-value (hsv), and grayscale cha ... | 2014 | 25023972 |
| antibacterial activity of dentine and pulp extracellular matrix extracts. | to determine whether extracellular matrix (ecm) preparations from pulp (pecm) and dentine (decm) possess antimicrobial activity. | 2012 | 22416895 |
| in vitro spectrum of pexiganan activity; bactericidal action and resistance selection tested against pathogens with elevated mic values to topical agents. | pexiganan, in phase 3 clinical development for topical use, exhibited bactericidal activity in vitro against gram-positive and -negative isolates and was also shown to have a low potential for resistance development in broth serial passage experiments. susceptibility studies were performed against bacterial isolates (110 total from 2004 to 2013; primarily from skin and soft tissue infections) selected for elevated mic values (non-wildtype [wt] distributions) to bacitracin, polymyxin b, neomycin, ... | 2016 | 27352729 |
| antimicrobial activity of submicron glass fibres incorporated as a filler to a dental sealer. | two types of antimicrobial glass fibers containing zno and cao, with diameters ranging from tens of nanometers to 1 µm, were successfully fabricated by a laser spinning technique. the antimicrobial performance was corroborated according to iso 20743:2013, by using gram-negative (escherichia coli) and gram-positive (streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mutans and staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, and yeast (candida krusei) (more than 3 logs of reduction). the metabolic activity and endosomal system ... | 2016 | 27509353 |
| impact of implant-abutment connection on osteoimmunological and microbiological parameters in short implants: a randomized controlled clinical trial. | the study aimed to determine the levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-кb ligand (srankl) and osteoprotegerin (opg) as well as their relative calculated ratio in peri-implant crevicular fluid (picf) obtained around two different types of implant-abutment connection on short implants following a 12-month monitoring period. moreover, the levels of a number of oral bacterial species were investigated in the corresponding submucosal biofilm samples. | 2016 | 27469171 |
| a dual-species microbial model for studying the dynamics between oral streptococci and periodontal pathogens during biofilm development on titanium surfaces by flow cytometry. | the association of the pioneer organisms streptococcus mutans atcc 25175 or streptococcus oralis atcc 9811 with secondary colonizers fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586 or porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 during biofilm development on titanium surfaces was evaluated by flow cytometry (fcm) using specific polyclonal antibodies. elisa and fcm were employed, revealing high antibody sensitivity and specificity. biofilm formation of four dual-species combinations was analyzed by crystal violet stai ... | 2016 | 27032997 |
| differential effect of autoinducer 2 of fusobacterium nucleatum on oral streptococci. | autoinducer 2 (ai-2) is a quorum sensing molecule and plays an important role in dental biofilm formation, mediating interspecies communication and virulence expression of oral bacteria. fusobacterium nucleatum connects early colonizing commensals and late colonizing periodontopathogens. f. nucleatum ai-2 and quorum sensing inhibitors (qsis) can manipulate dental biofilm formation. in this study, we evaluated the effect of f. nucleatum ai-2 and qsis on biofilm formation of streptococcus gordonii ... | 2013 | 24112724 |
| method to quantify live and dead cells in multi-species oral biofilm by real-time pcr with propidium monoazide. | real-time pcr (qpcr) is a widely used technique in analysing environmental and clinical microbiological samples. however, its main limitation was its inability to discriminate between live and dead cells.recently, propidium monoazide (pma) together with qpcr has been used to overcome this problem, with good results for different bacterial species in different types of samples.our objective was to implement this technique for analysing mortality in multi-species oral biofilms formed in vitro with ... | 2013 | 23289803 |
| antimicrobial effects of garcinia mangostana on cariogenic microorganisms. | garcinia mangostana commonly called as mangosteen fruit has been used as an antibacterial agent since age old times. the mangosteen pericarp has proven to have antibacterial effect, but the effect of the same on cariogenic organisms has not been explored. the present study was an attempt to gain a better understanding of the antibacterial effect of mangosteen pericarp on the cariogenic bacteria, to unravel the therapeutic potential for the same. | 2017 | 28274037 |
| characterization of biosurfactants produced by lactobacillus spp. and their activity against oral streptococci biofilm. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) can interfere with pathogens through different mechanisms; one is the production of biosurfactants, a group of surface-active molecules, which inhibit the growth of potential pathogens. in the present study, biosurfactants produced by lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938, lactobacillus acidophilus dds-1, lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 53103, and lactobacillus paracasei b21060 were dialyzed (1 and 6 kda) and characterized in term of reduction of surface tension and emulsifying ... | 2016 | 27102127 |
| molecular detection of bacteria associated to dental caries in 4-12-year-old tunisian children. | the occurrence of several microbial species in the oral cavity of 4-12-year-old tunisian children was investigated. samples were taken from 158 children (81 caries actives and 77 caries free). genomic dna was extracted and analyzed for the presence of 17 microbial species using a polymerase chain reaction assay. all samples were positive for at least one of the target microbial strains. streptococcus mutans was the most prevalent species (76.5%) detected in genomic dna collected from carious les ... | 2014 | 24814824 |
| incidence of bacteriocins produced by food-related lactic acid bacteria active towards oral pathogens. | in the present study we investigated the incidence of bacteriocins produced by 236 lactic acid bacteria (lab) food isolates against pathogenic or opportunistic pathogenic oral bacteria. this set of lab contained several strains (≥17%) producing bacteriocins active against food-related bacteria. interestingly only streptococcus macedonicus aca-dc 198 was able to inhibit the growth of streptococcus oralis, streptococcus sanguinis and streptococcus gordonii, while lactobacillus fermentum aca-dc 179 ... | 2013 | 23443163 |
| bacteria-induced intracellular signalling in platelets. | multiple studies have now shown that various species of bacteria can stimulate platelets; many in a strain and donor-dependent manner. the signalling pathways underlying this platelet activation has been the subject of scrutiny for the last decade. the best-delineated pathway is that in response to streptococcal species, such as streptococcus sanguinis (s. sanguinis), streptococcus gordonii (s. gordonii) and streptococcus oralis (s. oralis), where a pathway is initiated by the engagement of the ... | 2015 | 25807064 |
| chemical characterization and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of south brazilian organic propolis. | south brazilian organic propolis (op), which has never been studied before, was assessed and its chemical composition, scavenging potential of reactive oxygen species, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are herein presented. based on the chemical profile obtained using hplc, op was grouped into seven variants (op1-op7) and all of them exhibited high scavenging activity, mainly against superoxide and hypochlorous acid species. op1, op2, and op3 had the smallest minimal inhibitory conc ... | 2016 | 27802316 |
| environment and colonisation sequence are key parameters driving cooperation and competition between pseudomonas aeruginosa cystic fibrosis strains and oral commensal streptococci. | cystic fibrosis (cf) patient airways harbour diverse microbial consortia that, in addition to the recognized principal pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa, include other bacteria commonly regarded as commensals. the latter include the oral (viridans) streptococci, which recent evidence indicates play an active role during infection of this environmentally diverse niche. as the interactions between inhabitants of the cf airway can potentially alter disease progression, it is important to identify key ... | 2015 | 25710466 |
| evaluation of the stability and antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of libidibia ferrea. | biofilm is a dense, whitish, noncalcified aggregate of bacteria, with desquamated epithelial cells and food debris creating conditions for an imbalance of resident oral microflora and favoring the destruction of hard and soft tissues by development of caries and gingivitis. the aim of this study was to obtain and characterize an extract of libidibia ferrea, ex caesalpinia ferrea l. and to evaluate its feasibility for formulation as a mouthwash, according to current legislation. for this purpose, ... | 2014 | 24501546 |
| effective oral health in infective endocarditis: efficacy of high-street mouthwashes against the viridans group streptococci. | recent uk national institute for health and clinical excellence guidelines state that there is no longer a need for oral antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing dental procedures who are at risk of infective endocarditis (ie), and advocate the importance of maintaining good oral health. as viridans group streptococci (vgs) are common etiological agents of ie and inhabitants of the mouth, the purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of common high-street mouthwashes against four cl ... | 2014 | 24610586 |
| amplification of bacteria-induced platelet activation is triggered by fcγriia, integrin αiibβ3, and platelet factor 4. | bacterial adhesion to platelets is mediated via a range of strain-specific bacterial surface proteins that bind to a variety of platelet receptors. it is unclear how these interactions lead to platelet activation. we demonstrate a critical role for the immune receptor fcγriia, αiibβ3, and src and syk tyrosine kinases in platelet activation by staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus sanguinis, streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus oralis, and streptococcus pneumoniae. fcγriia activation is dependent ... | 2014 | 24642751 |
| colostrum of healthy slovenian mothers: microbiota composition and bacteriocin gene prevalence. | microbial communities inhabiting the breast milk microenvironment are essential in supporting mammary gland health in lactating women and in providing gut-colonizing bacterial 'inoculum' for their infants' gastro-intestinal development. bacterial dna was extracted from colostrum samples of 45 healthy slovenian mothers. characteristics of the communities in the samples were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) coupled with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and by quantitative ... | 2014 | 25919457 |
| daptomycin concentrations in valve tissue and vegetation in patients with bacterial endocarditis. | in a patient with mitral-aortic native-valve streptococcus oralis endocarditis, daptomycin concentrations in aortic and mitral valves were 8.6 and 30.8 μg/g, respectively, and 26 μg/g in the mitral vegetation. in the case of porcine-aortic-valve staphylococcus epidermidis endocarditis, the daptomycin concentrations were 53.1 μg/g in the valve and 18.1 μg/g in perivalvular tissues. daptomycin achieved apparently adequate tissue concentrations. s. epidermidis was eradicated, whereas streptococcus ... | 2013 | 23089753 |
| transduction of the streptococcus pyogenes bacteriophage φm46.1, carrying resistance genes mef(a) and tet(o), to other streptococcus species. | φm46.1 - streptococcus pyogenes bacteriophage carrying mef(a) and tet(o), respectively, encoding resistance to macrolides (m phenotype) and tetracycline - is widespread in s. pyogenes but has not been reported outside this species. φm46.1 is transferable in vitro among s. pyogenes isolates, but no information is available about its transferability to other streptococcus species. we thus investigated φm46.1 for its ability to be transduced in vitro to recipients of different streptococcus species ... | 2014 | 25620959 |
| daptomycin activity against uncommonly isolated streptococcal and other gram-positive species groups. | a total of 1,356 clinical isolates were tested against daptomycin by broth microdilution methods. daptomycin was active against seven groups of viridans group streptococci (mic50 and mic90 values ranging from ≤0.06 and ≤0.06 μg/ml [streptococcus bovis and streptococcus dysgalactiae] to 0.5 and 1 μg/ml [streptococcus mitis, streptococcus oralis, and streptococcus parasanguinis], respectively), beta-hemolytic streptococci serogroups c, f, and g (mic50 and mic90, ≤0.06 to 0.25 and 0.12 to 0.25 μg/m ... | 2013 | 24080651 |
| comparison of species identification of endocarditis associated viridans streptococci using rnpb genotyping and 2 maldi-tof systems. | streptococcus spp. are important causes of infective endocarditis but challenging in species identification. this study compared identification based on sequence determination of the rnpb gene with 2 systems of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, maldi biotyper (bruker) and vitek ms ivd (biomérieux). blood culture isolates of viridans streptococci from 63 patients with infective endocarditis were tested. the 3 methods showed full agreement for all 36 iso ... | 2015 | 25616316 |
| streptococcus oralis neuraminidase modulates adherence to multiple carbohydrates on platelets. | adherence to host surfaces is often mediated by bacterial binding to surface carbohydrates. although it is widely appreciated that some bacterial species express glycosidases, previous studies have not considered whether bacteria bind to multiple carbohydrates within host glycans as they are modified by bacterial glycosidases. streptococcus oralis is a leading cause of subacute infective endocarditis. binding to platelets is a critical step in disease; however, the mechanisms utilized by s. oral ... | 2017 | 27993975 |
| autoinducer-2 detection among commensal oral streptococci is dependent on ph and boric acid. | autoinducer-2, considered a universal signaling molecule, is produced by many species of bacteria; including oral strains. structurally, autoinducer-2 can exist bound to boron (borated autoinducer-2). functionally, autoinducer-2 has been linked to important bacterial processes such as virulence and biofilm formation. in order to test production of autoinducer-2 by a given bacterial strain, a bioassay using marine bioluminescent bacteria vibrio harveyi as a reporter for autoinducer-2 has been des ... | 2016 | 27350615 |
| crystalline anatase-rich titanium can reduce adherence of oral streptococci. | dental implant abutments that emerge through the mucosa are rapidly covered with a salivary protein pellicle to which bacteria bind, initiating biofilm formation. in this study, adherence of early colonizing streptococci, streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguinis to two saliva-coated anodically oxidized surfaces was compared with that on commercially pure titanium (cpti). near edge x-ray absorption (nexafs) showed crystalline anatase was more p ... | 2014 | 24881929 |
| genetic basis of coaggregation receptor polysaccharide biosynthesis in streptococcus sanguinis and related species. | interbacterial adhesion between streptococci and actinomyces promotes early dental plaque biofilm development. recognition of coaggregation receptor polysaccharides (rps) on strains of streptococcus sanguinis, streptococcus gordonii and streptococcus oralis by actinomyces spp. type 2 fimbriae is the principal mechanism of these interactions. previous studies of genetic loci for synthesis of rps (rps) and rps precursors (rml, gale1 and gale2) in s. gordonii 38 and s. oralis 34 revealed difference ... | 2014 | 24397790 |
| antimicrobial effects of herbal extracts on streptococcus mutans and normal oral streptococci. | streptococcus mutans is associated with dental caries. a cariogenic biofilm, in particular, has been studied extensively for its role in the formation of dental caries. herbal extracts such as cudrania tricuspidata, sophora flavescens, ginkgo biloba, and betula schmidtii have been used as a folk remedy for treating diseases. the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of herbal extracts against normal oral streptococci, planktonic and biofilm of s. mutans. st ... | 2013 | 23990300 |
| regulation of neuraminidase expression in streptococcus pneumoniae. | sialic acid (n-acetylneuraminic acid; neunac) is one of the most important carbohydrates for streptococcus pneumoniae due of its role as a carbon and energy source, receptor for adhesion and invasion and molecular signal for promotion of biofilm formation, nasopharyngeal carriage and invasion of the lung. | 2012 | 22963456 |
| a novel formulation effective in killing oral biofilm bacteria. | to determine if a novel formulation is effective in killing oral biofilm streptococci in vitro and in vivo. | 2012 | 22908534 |
| autoinducer-2 influences interactions amongst pioneer colonizing streptococci in oral biofilms. | streptococcus gordonii and streptococcus oralis are among the first bacterial species to colonize clean tooth surfaces. both produce autoinducer-2 (ai-2): a family of inter-convertible cell-cell signal molecules synthesized by the luxs enzyme. the overall aim of this work was to determine whether ai-2 alters interspecies interactions between s. gordonii dl1 and s. oralis 34 within dual-species biofilms in flowing human saliva. based upon ai-2 bioluminescence assays, s. gordonii dl1 produced more ... | 2012 | 22493304 |