| haemophilus parainfluenzae thoracic empyema. | to our knowledge, thoracic empyema caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae has not been described previously. a case occurred in the setting of alcoholism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. we note the similarity to pulmonary infections with h influenzae and discuss the implications for antibiotic therapy. | 1981 | 7235817 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae septic arthritis in an adult. | | 1981 | 7253165 |
| chorioamnionitis due to haemophilus parainfluenzae. | | 1981 | 7256675 |
| urinary tract infection from haemophilus parainfluenzae. | | 1981 | 7329485 |
| haemophilus parainfluenza--an uncommon cause of septicemia and endocarditis. | 6 cases of endocarditis and 1 of septicemia caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae have been observed in our hospital from 1970 to 1977, as against no case from 1957 to 1969. the mean age of the patients was 46 years. the clinical picture did not differ from that seen in cases of septicemia and endocarditis from other cases. in 4 cases no underlying heart disease was known. in 2 of them, endocarditis developed in the mitral and in 1 in the aortic valve. of 3 patients with preexisting heart disease ... | 1980 | 7375829 |
| a case of haemophilus parainfluenzae meningitis in an adult associated with acute myositis. | | 1980 | 7393790 |
| urinary tract infection caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae. | | 1980 | 7424833 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis. three observations and a review. | | 1980 | 7456966 |
| haemophili in faeces. | by plating faeces on a selective medium, haemophili were isolated from 26% of 612 samples from patients of all ages and 12% of 525 samples from apparently healthy meatworkers. most isolates were haemophilus parainfluenzae. only specimens received for laboratory investigation for pathogens were examined in this study; the faecal carriage of haemophili in healthy persons is not known. | 1981 | 7463464 |
| organization and sequence of the hpaii restriction-modification system and adjacent genes. | we report the organization of the hpaii restriction and modification (r-m) system from haemophilus parainfluenzae (recognition sequence: 5'...ccgg...3'), the sequence of the gene coding for the hpaii restriction endonuclease, and the sequence of the upstream flanking dna. the hpaii system comprises two genes, hpaiim, coding for the methyltransferase (mtase; 358 amino acids (aa), 40.4 kda: product, cm5cgg), and hpaiir, coding for the restriction endonuclease (enase; 358 aa, 40.9 kda: product, c'c ... | 1994 | 7514149 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis: application of a molecular approach for identification of pathogenic bacterial species. | haemophilus parainfluenzae is both a human oropharyngeal commensal bacterium and a cause of serious invasive disease. the fastidious growth characteristics of this organism and the poor specificity of traditional methods for species identification are likely to have led to inaccuracies in the diagnosis of infections caused by h. parainfluenzae and related organisms. we report a case of h. parainfluenzae endocarditis in which confusion related to microbial identification was resolved by the analy ... | 1994 | 7528552 |
| [detection of beta-lactamase in samples obtained after tonsillectomy in children]. | production of beta-lactamase was detected using a microbiological assay (guts test) in samples of tonsils, and by in haemophilus growing from the same samples of both tonsils obtained from 30 children aged 2 to 13 years (18 aged < 6 years and 12 aged > or = 6 years). two pieces from each tonsil, core and superficial, were studied. the procedure included direct microscopic examination of smears, and culture to identify haemophilus, beta-haemolytic streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae. guts t ... | 1995 | 7567124 |
| phylogeny of the pasteurellaceae as determined by comparison of 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences. | previously, virtually complete 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences were determined for 54 strains of species in the family pasteurellaceae. the sequences for 16 additional strains have been determined, bringing the total number of strains sequenced to 70. the additional strains include: actinobacillus hominis, a. muris, a. salpingitis, pasteurella bettyae, p. mairii, p. testudinis, and bisgaard taxa 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, and 14 (2 strains). a phylogenetic tree was constructed based upon ... | 1993 | 7690271 |
| [clinical and laboratory studies on sy5555 in pediatric infectious diseases]. | clinical effects of sy5555 dry syrup, a new oral penem antibiotic, were analysed in 20 children with various bacterial infections. ages of the patients varied from 8 months to 14 years. doses of sy5555 were varied from 12.8 mg/kg/day to 30.5 mg/kg/day, and it was administered in 3 divided dosages. clinical efficacy rates were as follows; 6/7 in acute bronchitis, 5/5 in pharyngotonsillitis, 3/3 in acute otitis media and 2/2 in cystitis and 3/3 in impetigo contagiosa. the overall rate was 95.0% (1 ... | 1995 | 7745813 |
| hpaii methyltransferase is mutagenic in escherichia coli. | a genetic reversion assay to study c-to-t mutations within cg sites in dna is described. it was used to demonstrate that the presence of hpaii methyltransferase (mtase) in escherichia coli causes a substantial increase in c-to-t mutations at cg sites. this is similar to the known mutagenic effects of e. coli mtase dcm within its own recognition sequence. with this genetic system, a homolog of an e. coli dna repair gene in haemophilus parainfluenzae was tested for antimutagenic activity. unexpect ... | 1995 | 7751315 |
| affinity, conservation, and surface exposure of hemopexin-binding proteins in haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae can acquire heme from hemopexin for use as a source of both essential porphyrin and iron. in classical ligand-binding studies, we observed time-dependent, saturable, and displaceable binding of human 125i-labelled hemopexin to intact cells of h. influenzae type b (hib) strain 760705 grown in an iron-restricted medium. from these experiments, which demonstrate that hemopexin associates with a single class of binding site, the affinities (kds) and receptor numbers were calcu ... | 1995 | 7768617 |
| efficacy of a three day course of azithromycin in moderately severe community-acquired pneumonia. | this study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a 3 day course of azithromycin in low to moderately severe community-acquired pneumonia. forty patients with low to moderately severe community-acquired pneumonia (29 males, 11 females, mean age 46 +/- 17 yrs; 20 pretreated with betalactams for 2-10 days with no results before admission to hospital; 18 with evidence of co-morbidity) were enrolled in an open, randomized study with azithromycin, 500 mg q.d. oral therapy for 3 days, versus clarith ... | 1995 | 7789484 |
| multicenter trial of cefpodoxime proxetil vs. amoxicillin-clavulanate in acute lower respiratory tract infections in childhood. international study group. | acute lower respiratory tract infections in children are a worldwide public health problem, with an estimated 4 million potentially preventable deaths every year. until recently, penicillin and related drugs were the treatment of choice for empiric therapy of paediatric lower respiratory tract infections. however, concerns over the emergence of penicillin-resistant strains of streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis have le ... | 1995 | 7792126 |
| head and neck space infections in infants and children. | a retrospective study was performed in 117 children with head and neck space infections treated at the children's hospital of pittsburgh from january 1986 through june 1992. peritonsillar space infections were the most common (49%), followed by retropharyngeal (22%), submandibular (14%), buccal (11%), parapharyngeal (2%), and canine (2%) space infections. the most common pathogens isolated (n = 78) were the aerobes beta-hemolytic streptococcus (18%) and staphylococcus aureus (18%), the anaerobes ... | 1995 | 7870436 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae antigen and antibody in renal biopsy samples and serum of patients with iga nephropathy. | iga nephropathy may be associated with colonisation with haemophilus parainfluenzae. in patients with glomerular diseases, we examined renal-biopsy specimens for presence of bacterial antigen by immunofluorescence microscopy with rabbit antiserum against h parainfluenzae, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay looked for iga antibody against h parainfluenzae in patient sera. the rabbit antiserum recognised by immunoblotting four components of h parainfluenzae outer membranes (omhp) of molecula ... | 1994 | 7905040 |
| [bacteriological and clinical studies of biapenem (l-627) in pediatric field]. | we have carried out bacteriological and clinical studies on l-627. the results are summarized as follows. treatment with l-627 was made in 14 cases of pediatric bacterial infections including 5 cases of pneumonia and 2 cases each of tonsillitis, urinary tract infection and one case each of colitis, and phlegmon. results obtained were excellent in 11 cases, good in 2 cases and poor in one case. the bacteriological effect of l-627 was excellent, all causative organisms (staphylococcus aureus one s ... | 1994 | 7933529 |
| [urinary infection by haemophilus parainfluenzae in a renal transplantation patient]. | | 1994 | 8011728 |
| clarification of the structure of the ampicillin-resistance plasmid rsf0885 from haemophilus influenzae hr-885 serotype b. | the nonconjugative ampicillin-resistance plasmid rsf0885 has been reported to be as small as 2.9 mda and as large as 4.1 mda with at least two restriction enzyme maps reported. in addition, the source of the original plasmid has been reported to be haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. characterization of the source strains and sequencing data of the plasmids revealed that h. influenzae serotype b was the original source strain and that is1-k in the larger plasmid was presumably ... | 1994 | 8019938 |
| binding of human hemoglobin by haemophilus influenzae. | binding of biotinylated human hemoglobin to haemophilus influenzae was detected when organisms were grown in heme-deplete, but not heme-replete, conditions. hemoglobin binding was completely inhibited by a 100-fold excess of unlabelled human hemoglobin or human hemoglobin complexed with human haptoglobin. binding was only partially inhibited by rat hemoglobin, bovine hemoglobin, human globin, and bovine globin, and not at all by heme, human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, human transferrin, ... | 1994 | 8020748 |
| [haemophilus parainfluenzae meningitis in a 5-month-old infant]. | | 1993 | 8053784 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae. | | 1994 | 8067803 |
| randomized comparative trial with ampicillin/sulbactam versus cefamandole in the therapy of community acquired pneumonia. | in a randomized prospective study ampicillin/sulbactam and cefamandole were compared in the therapy of patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia. patients receiving ampicillin/sulbactam (n = 37) and cefamandole (n = 38) were similar with respect to age (mean age 70 vs. 76 years respectively), clinical characteristics, severity of illness and underlying disease. pathogens isolated from patients in the cefamandole and ampicillin/sulbactam group, respectively, were streptococcus pneum ... | 1994 | 8070432 |
| [clinical studies of s-1108 granules in the pediatric field]. | we studied the clinical use of s-1108 granules in the pediatric field. the results are summarized as follows. 1. s-1108 was administered orally at doses ranging 6.85 and 17.6 mg/kg/day t.i.d. to 9 patients, including 5 cases of pharyngitis and 1 case each of lacunar tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and urinary tract infection. clinical efficacies were excellent in 4 cases and good in 5 cases, hence an efficacy rate of 100% was obtained. 2. haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae (2 ... | 1993 | 8107271 |
| evaluation of api nh, a new 2-hour system for identification of neisseria and haemophilus species and moraxella catarrhalis in a routine clinical laboratory. | api nh is a new 2-h system (biomérieux, la balme-les-grottes, france) for the identification of most neisseria and haemophilus spp. of clinical significance and of moraxella catarrhalis and for the detection of penicillinase production. furthermore, this system allows the biotyping of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. three hundred eighteen strains belonging to these species, previously identified by conventional methods, were tested. among the 305 strains belonging to speci ... | 1994 | 8126177 |
| electron microscopy of phages in serotypes of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. | actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, actinobacillus ureae, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus, haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae, pasteurella haemolytica and pasteurella multocida strains were examined by transmission electron microscopy for the presence of bacteriophages. phages were detected in serotype a (suny 75) and e (uoh 1705) and in the fresh clinical isolates uoh q1243 and uoh q1247 of a. actinomycetemcomitans. phages were not found in serotype b, c an ... | 1993 | 8152840 |
| a comparison of cefpodoxime proxetil and cefaclor in the treatment of acute exacerbation of copd in adults. | in this multicenter, observer-blinded study, 301 patients with signs and symptoms of acute bacterial exacerbation of copd were randomized (2:1) to receive either cefpodoxime proxetil (200 mg, bid) or cefaclor (250 mg, tid) for 10 days. clinical and microbiologic evaluations were performed before treatment, during therapy (study days 3 to 5), at the end of therapy (3 to 7 days posttreatment), and at long-term follow-up (4 weeks posttreatment). the most common pretreatment isolates were haemophilu ... | 1993 | 8222793 |
| activity of meropenem and other antimicrobial agents against uncommon gram-negative organisms. | the in-vitro activity of meropenem and other antimicrobial agents was tested by agar dilution against 113 uncommon gram-negative pathogens. both meropenem and ceftriaxone showed the most activity against the test isolates. the potency of meropenem was greater than imipenem against pasteurella multocida, eikenella corrodens, haemophilus parainfluenzae, moraxella spp., kingella spp., and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. further work is necessary to assess the in-vivo activity of meropenem aga ... | 1993 | 8226425 |
| growth characteristics of v factor-independent transformants of haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae is a v factor-dependent species. a plasmid conferring v factor independence in haemophilus parainfluenzae and haemophilus ducreyi was transferred to plasmid-free h. influenzae rd by dna transformation. the growth characteristics of the transformants in a complex and a chemically defined medium were compared, and the ability of several exogenous pyridine nucleotides and precursors to support growth was examined. although the transformants appeared to be v factor independent ... | 1993 | 8240960 |
| [clinical evaluation of s-1108 in pediatric field]. | nine pediatric patients with bacterial infections (5 cases of tonsillitis, 3 cases of impetigo and 1 case of uti) were treated with s-1108, and the efficacy and the safety were evaluated. the clinical responses to s-1108 treatment were excellent in 7 cases and good in 2. the efficacy rate was 100%. bacteriologically, the causative organisms (streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus parainfluenzae and escherichia coli) were eradicated. no clinical side effects were observed. ele ... | 1993 | 8309067 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of s-1108 in the pediatric field]. | pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on s-1108, a new oral cephem antibiotic, were performed in the field pediatrics. the following results were obtained. 1) antibacterial activities antibacterial activities of s-1006, the active form of s-1108, were studied against clinically isolated strains of (staphylococcus aureus (n = 5), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 6), streptococcus pyogenes (n = 3), haemophilus influenzae (n = 8), branhamella catarrhalis (n = 5) and haemophilus parainfluenzae (n = 2). ... | 1993 | 8309075 |
| [haemophilus parainfluenzae meningitis in an 8-year-old boy]. | invasive infections caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae, a saprophyte of the respiratory tract, are exceptional and should arise suspicion of abnormalities in immunocompetence. so far, about thirty cases of h. parainfluenzae meningitis affecting neonates, infants or adults have been published. a case of such meningitis in an 8-year old boy without any risk factor is reported here. | 1993 | 8316546 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis in a patient with mitral valve prolapse. | haemophilus parainfluenzae is a frequent cause of "culture-negative" endocarditis (i.e., endocarditis owing to a fastidious organism which may require longer incubation periods and/or enrichment media for detection compared to traditional pathogens). more cases will probably be identified with improvements in growth and isolation techniques. a case of h. parainfluenzae endocarditis is presented in a patient with mitral valve prolapse, which illustrates the difficulty in diagnosing endocarditis w ... | 1993 | 8323254 |
| an analysis of the diversity of haemophilus parainfluenzae in the adult human respiratory tract by genomic dna fingerprinting. | a method for typing haemophilus species is described, based on the analysis of genomic dna from haemophilus parainfluenzae. the dna was extracted by a rapid method and digested with the restriction enzyme bamhi to provide a characteristic 'fingerprint'. the pattern of fragments in the ranges 1-1.6 kb, 1.6-2 kb and 2-3 kb were used to produce a numerical profile of each isolate. in total 97 isolates were examined; 88 from throat swab material isolated from the 15 members of a british antarctic su ... | 1993 | 8348936 |
| prevalence and biochemical properties of v factor-dependent pasteurellaceae from rodents. | organs of 1436 rats and 2839 mice were monitored for v-factor dependent pasteurellaceae. such bacteria were isolated from 21.2% of rats and from 2.4% of mice, respectively. they were most frequently cultured from the deep respiratory tract (lungs and trachea). in addition, they were found in the nasal cavity and on mucous membranes of the genital and the intestinal tract. 35 phenotypical criteria were determined for 429 isolates. based on these data, groups of bacteria showing similar biochemica ... | 1993 | 8369581 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil in children]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil (cdtr-pi, me 1207) were performed in children. the results were as follows: 1. a total of 18 patients (19 infections) were treated with cdtr-pi. the doses ranged 2.1-3.2 mg/kg, and it was orally administered 3 times daily, for 4-10 days. clinical efficacies of cdtr-pi in 18 patients with 19 bacterial infections (3 with tonsillitis, 1 with bronchitis, 7 with pneumonia, 1 with acute maxillary sinusitis, 4 with otitis media ... | 1993 | 8371494 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefditoren pivoxil in the pediatric field]. | bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil (cdtr-pi, me 1207) in granules, a new oral cephalosporin, were performed in the field of pediatrics. the results are summarized below. 1. antibacterial activities: antibacterial activities of cdtr were studied against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in comparison with those of cefteram (cftm), cefixime ... | 1993 | 8371496 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis. | | 1993 | 8377958 |
| the production of porphyrins from delta-aminolaevulinic acid by haemophilus parainfluenzae. | porphyrin production by the haemin-independent haemophilus parainfluenzae in the diagnostic porphyrin test, which determines the x-factor requirement in haemophilus spp., was analysed quantitatively by applying modern high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) methods. ion-pair reversed-phase hplc enabled the simultaneous separation of all porphyrin intermediates and their isomers of haem biosynthesis produced by the bacteria. the ph-dependence of porphyrin production and the respective comp ... | 1993 | 8411086 |
| efficacy of fleroxacin versus amoxicillin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | in a multicenter study the efficacy and safety of oral fleroxacin at 400 mg once a day and amoxicillin at 500 mg three times daily for 7 days were compared for the treatment of patients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis due to drug-susceptible bacteria. a total of 194 patients were enrolled, 102 in the fleroxacin group and 92 in the amoxicillin group. of those enrolled, 22 in the fleroxacin group and 30 (29 for clinical efficacy) in the amoxicillin group were included in t ... | 1993 | 8452169 |
| ecology of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae in sputum and saliva and effects of antibiotics on their distribution in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. | nine patients with lower respiratory tract infections were used to study in detail the effect of ampicillin or erythromycin on the colonization patterns of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae in sputum and saliva. h. influenzae was isolated from purulent sputum of eight patients before the start of treatment. ampicillin was more effective than erythromycin at clearing h. influenzae from sputum and in decreasing purulence. by careful characterization of multiple strains, the cha ... | 1993 | 8494378 |
| comparison of wilkins-chalgren medium supplemented with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and haemophilus test medium for susceptibility testing of clinical haemophilus isolates. | haemophilus test medium (htm) was compared with wilkins-chalgren agar (wca; supplemented with 15 micrograms/ml nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad)) for antibiotic susceptibility testing of 74 clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. the bauer-kirby agar disk diffusion method and the agar dilution procedure were the two tests employed. wca + nad and htm yielded comparable results for the following antimicrobial drugs and drug combinations: ampicillin, amoxic ... | 1995 | 8529434 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae biliary tract infection: rationale for an ascending route of infection from the gastrointestinal tract. | haemophilus parainfluenzae was isolated from a bile specimen of a 56-year-old patient with elevated liver enzymes and chronic cholecystitis. several factors contributing to nonbacteremic h. parainfluenzae infection of the biliary tract include (i) the not infrequent occurrence of h. parainfluenzae in stool specimens, (ii) the presence of an outer membrane protein similar to those found in enteric bacteria which facilitates adherence to the colonic mucosa, and (iii) an adequate supply of v factor ... | 1995 | 8576372 |
| effectiveness of short-course therapy (5 days) with cefuroxime axetil in treatment of secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis. | five hundred thirty-seven patients were enrolled in two independent, investigator-blinded, multicenter, randomized clinical trials comparing the clinical and bacteriologic efficacies and the safety of 5- or 10-day treatment with cefuroxime axetil with those of 10-day treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate in the treatment of secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis. patients received either 5 or 10 days of treatment (n = 177 in each group) with cefuroxime axetil at 250 mg twice daily o ... | 1995 | 8585739 |
| clinical comparison of cefuroxime axetil and amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of patients with secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis. | two independent, investigator-blinded, multicenter, randomized clinical trials compared the clinical and bacteriologic efficacy and safety of two oral antibiotics, cefuroxime axetil and amoxicillin/clavulanate, in the treatment of patients with secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis (hereafter denoted acute bronchitis). three hundred sixty patients with signs and symptoms of acute bronchitis were enrolled at 22 centers and were randomly assigned to receive 10 days of treatment with e ... | 1995 | 8595638 |
| circulating iga, igg, and igm class antibody against haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens in patients with iga nephropathy. | we previously demonstrated a close relationship between the outer membranes of haemophilus parainfluenzae (hp) antigens (omhp) and iga nephropathy (igan). our objective was to clarify the relationship among iga, igg, and igm class antibody against omhp in the sera of 44 patients with igan and 62 patients with other glomerular diseases (ogd) by elisa. patients with igan showed a significantly higher level of iga antibodies (p less than 0.0005) and igg antibodies (p less than 0.001) against ohmp, ... | 1996 | 8625525 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae: an unusual case of psoas abscess. | a case of haemophilus parainfluenzae psoas abscess in a previously healthy 36-year-old man is reported here. the absence of any bowel pathology indicates that abscess formation occurred secondary to haematogenous spread of the organism. | 1995 | 8655214 |
| [microbiological study of the respiratory tract in children with cystic fibrosis]. | pulmonary infections is a main cause of morbimortality in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. the objective of this study was to know the flora implicated in respiratory pathology of all mucoviscidotic children attending hospital sant joan de déu of barcelona. | 1996 | 8695681 |
| [isolation of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae in genitourinary infections: a 4-year review]. | haemophilus spp. had been previously suggested as a potential pathogen in genitourinary infections that could be sexually transmitted. in order to check that suggestions we have determined the incidence, pathogenic role, possible sexual transmission and susceptibility to antibiotics in isolates of haemophilus parainfluenzae and haemophilus influenzae from genital tract infections. the microbiological samples were taken during a period of four years from patients attended in a service of sexual t ... | 1996 | 8695689 |
| [balanitis and infectious agents. a prospective study of 100 cases]. | the aim of this study was: 1) to evaluate the rate of micro-organism isolation in 100 patients consulting for balanitis at the centre of sexually transmitted diseases at the st. louis hospital in paris in comparison with that of micro-organisms isolated in 60 men without balanitis; 2) to search for a possible correlation between the clinical aspect of the disease and the nature of the infectious agent identified. | 1995 | 8745679 |
| effect of titanium on selected oral bacterial species in vitro. | titanium granules were tested for their antibacterial effect on strains of streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, actinomyces naeslundii, haemophilus parainfluenzae, fusobacterium spp. and prevotella intermedia in comparison with amalgam and two of its components, copper and tin. glass beads were used as controls. the number of viable bacteria was estimated in samples exposed to the various materials for 1, 3, 6 and 24 h, respectively, and the viable counts were related to the baseline valu ... | 1995 | 8747674 |
| occurrence of [copper, zinc]-cofactored superoxide dismutase in pasteurella haemolytica and its serotype distribution. | fifty-two ovine strains of pasteurella haemolytica and p. trehalosi representing serotypes 1-16 were examined for the presence of [copper, zinc]superoxide dismutase dna sequences. this was done using a combination of polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers based on the sequence of the [cu,zn]superoxide dismutase gene (sodc) in related species and southern hybridization using a fragment of sodc from p. haemolytica a2 serotype as a probe. both detection methods identified a fragment of t ... | 1996 | 8759785 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae biliary tract infections. | | 1996 | 8784615 |
| septic arthritis due to haemophilus parainfluenzae in a patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | | 1996 | 8789888 |
| in vitro activity of cefdinir against respiratory pathogens isolated in sicily with reference to beta-lactamase production. | the in vitro activity of cefdinir (ci-983, fk-482), an orally absorbed aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was evaluated against all 287 strains of haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes in comparison with cefaclor, cefuroxime, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, erythromycin and cotrimoxazole. the bactericidal activity of cefdinir, cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and erythromycin was determined ag ... | 1996 | 8808715 |
| a multicentre collaborative study of the antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired, lower respiratory tract pathogens 1992-1993: the alexander project. | the alexander project is a unique, international, collaborative antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance study of bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection. fifteen centres, ten in the european union (eu) and five in the usa, each submitted up to 400 isolated per year for 2 years (1992 and 1993) to a central laboratory for re-identification and determination of mics of 15 antimicrobials using the sensititre microbroth incorporation technique. of the total ... | 1996 | 8858472 |
| in vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin (rp 59500) against a large collection of infrequently isolated or tested species. | quinupristin/dalfopristin (rp 59500, synercid) is a parenteral streptogramin combination antimicrobial that possesses a synergistic and often bactericidal action against many grampositive species. in this study, a collection of 1270 uncommonly isolated or tested strains were evaluated for susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin using agar dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) methods described in the national committe for clinical laboratory standards. the greatest antimicrobial ac ... | 1996 | 8902412 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae infective endocarditis. | gram-negative endocarditis was uncommon in the past, accounting for 1% to 3% of cases. with the advent of antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents and narcotic abuse, the number has increased to 5% to 10% in the native valves and as high as 17% in the prosthetic valves, with haemophilus species as the commonest aetiological agent, accounting for about 1% of the cases. we report a case of haemophilus parainfluenzae endocarditis in a 39-year-old man who presented with heart failure and persistent fev ... | 1996 | 8924025 |
| tetrameric repeat units associated with virulence factor phase variation in haemophilus also occur in neisseria spp. and moraxella catarrhalis. | the tetrameric repeat units 5'-caat-3' and 5'-gcaa-3' are associated with phase variable expression of lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in haemophilus influenzae. four other tetrameric repeat units have also been reported from h. influenzae strain rd, 5'-caac-3', 5'-gaca-3', 5'-agct-3', and 5'-ttta-3', which are also associated with putative virulence factors. using oligonucleotide probes corresponding to five tandem copies of each of these tetramers, we have screened three strains of neiss ... | 1996 | 8935664 |
| role of iga, igg, and igm antibodies against haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens in iga nephropathy. | we have recently demonstrated glomerular deposition of outer membranes of haemophilus parainfluenzae (hp) antigens (omhp) and the presence of iga antibody against omhp in patients with iga nephropathy (iga-n). in this study, we analyzed iga-, igg-, and igm-classes of antibodies against omhp, and the relationship between these antibodies and renal lesions in iga-n. the subjects included 44 patients with iga-n and 62 patients with outer glomerular diseases (ogd); the latter group consisted of 23 p ... | 1996 | 8953116 |
| [therapeutic efficacy of azithromycin in pediatrics]. | azithromycin (azm), a newly developed azalide antibiotic, was administered at a standard dose of 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days to pediatric patients with bacterial infections and the therapeutic efficacy of azm was investigated. 1. a total of 12 patients with the following diseases was evaluated: pharyngitis in two, tonsillitis in four, bronchitis in one, mycoplasma pneumonia in one, scarlet fever in two and enteritis in two. the drug was rated "excellent" in eight cases and "good" in four. 2. ... | 1996 | 8986555 |
| [clinical studies on azithromycin in pediatrics]. | fine granules or capsules of azithromycin (azm) were given to 32 pediatric patients for the treatment of the following diseases: pharyngitis in three cases; tonsillitis in one; bronchitis in six; pneumonia in six; mycoplasmal pneumonia in 14; pertussis and enteritis in one, each. effectiveness of azm was evaluated in 30 cases and the drug was rated "excellent" in 18 patients, "good" in 11 and "fair" in one, resulting in a total efficacy rate of 96.7%. three strains of bacteria were isolated from ... | 1996 | 8986557 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of azithromycin using fine granules or capsules in the pediatric patients]. | azithromycin (azm), a new macrolide antibiotic, in fine granules and in capsules was studied for pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluations. 1. antibacterial activities. mic profile of azm was as follows: 0.78 approximately 1.56 micrograms/ml against staphylococcus aureus, < or = 0.025 approximately 0.10 microgram/ml against streptococcus pyogenes, 0.10 approximately 0.39 and 6.25 micrograms/ml against streptococcus pneumoniae, < or = 0.025 approximately 0.39 microgram/ml against moraxella(branham ... | 1996 | 8988410 |
| [a clinical evaluation of azithromycin in the treatment of pediatric infection]. | fine granule preparation of azithromycin (azm), a new macrolide antibiotic, was given to treat various infections in pediatric patients. efficacies of azm in a total of 21 patients (tonsillitis in six, bronchitis in five, pneumonia in five, impetigo contagiosa in three, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in one and bacterial enterogastritis in one) were rated "excellent" in 11 patients and "good" in eight. the remaining two cases were not included in the evaluation. azm eradicated all strains ... | 1996 | 8988413 |
| [urinary tract infection caused by haemophilus spp. in pediatrics: a rarely studied disease]. | haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae have been, in very seldom times, described as a cause of urinary tract infection (uti), mainly on adults. their real incidence has been scarcely studied. in view of this situation, we have investigated the cases occurred during the year of 1994 in our hospital, in cádiz (spain). | 1996 | 9011206 |
| endocarditis caused by haemophilus parainfluenzae identified by 16s ribosomal rna sequencing. | haemophilus parainfluenzae, a human commensal, is an infrequent cause of serious disease. a case of endocarditis caused by this organism in a five year old boy with complex congenital heart disease is reported. the course of this disease was very aggressive, leading to heart failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiorgan failure in spite of appropriate antibiotics and surgical intervention. the difficulties in the detection and identification of h parainfluenzae using conventiona ... | 1997 | 9059363 |
| [maternal-fetal vertical transmission of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae]. | maternal-fetal transmission of haemophilus influenzae (hi) and haemophilus parainfluenzae (hpi) as well as characteristics of the infection in the neonate have been poorly described. | 1997 | 9069656 |
| infective endocarditis due to unusual or fastidious microorganisms. | infective endocarditis due to fastidious microorganisms is commonly encountered in clinical practice. some organisms such as fungi account for up to 15% of cases of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis, whereas organisms of the hacek group (haemophilus parainfluenzae, h. aphrophilus, and h. paraphrophilus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae) cause 3% of community-acquired cases of infective endocarditis. special techniques a ... | 1997 | 9179137 |
| [pathogenesis of iga nephropathy: role of outer membranes of haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens]. | iga nephropathy is characterized by iga deposits, predominantly in the glomerular mesangium and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. concerning its pathogenesis, several investigators suggest that the deposited iga is an antibody to viral, bacterial, or dietary antigens. such reports strengthen the possibility of a relationship between mucosal immunity and the pathogenesis of iga nephropathy. we previously observed that haemophilus parainfluenzae (hp) is more commonly isolated from the ph ... | 1997 | 9200951 |
| comparison of cefdinir and cefaclor in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. | six hundred ninety patients were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial comparing the efficacy and safety of cefdinir with those of cefaclor in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. patients received either 10 days of treatment with cefdinir (n = 347) at 300 mg twice daily or 10 days of treatment with cefaclor (n = 343) at 500 mg three times daily. microbiological assessments were performed on sputum specimens obtained at admission and at the two posttherapy visits, i ... | 1997 | 9210689 |
| cellulitis and myositis caused by agrobacterium radiobacter and haemophilus parainfluenzae after influenza virus vaccination. | agrobacterium radiobacter is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus that has been reported as a cause of disease only 36 times in the literature. more than half of the patients (25) have had bacteremia. peritonitis, urinary tract infection, endocarditis, and one case of cellulitis associated with bacteremia have also been reported. infection is often associated with immunosuppression and the presence of a plastic foreign body, such as central venous catheters, nephrostomy tubes, intraperitoneal cathet ... | 1997 | 9225903 |
| rapid, sensitive, microbial detection by gene amplification using restriction endonuclease target sequences. | the use of primers synthesized to eight class ii restriction endonuclease target sequences, from haemophilus parainfluenzae, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella infantis, rhodobacter sphaeroides, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and proteus vulgaris for single and multiplex pcr identification of the organisms is discussed. results indicate that the method is sensitive and specific enough to detect single cells and attogram amounts of target dna. it has also been ... | 1997 | 9281417 |
| outer membrane protein d15 is conserved among haemophilus influenzae species and may represent a universal protective antigen against invasive disease. | we have cloned and sequenced the d15 gene from two strains of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) and two strains of nontypeable h. influenzae (nthi). the nucleotide and deduced protein sequences of d15 are highly conserved, with only a small variable region identified near the carboxyl terminus of the protein. analysis of upstream sequences revealed that the h. influenzae d15 gene may be part of a large potential operon of closely spaced open reading frames, including one with significant homol ... | 1997 | 9284140 |
| in-vitro activity of spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination against clinical isolates from odontogenic abscesses. | one hundred and forty-eight isolates of bacteria from 20 intraoral odontogenic abscesses were tested for their susceptibility to spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination. all isolates, except rothia spp. (one), enterococcus avium (three), haemophilus parainfluenzae (one) and staphylococcus aureus (one) were sensitive to spiramycin and/or metronidazole. among the anaerobes, spiramycin as well as metronidazole showed good antimicrobial activity against species of prevotella, eubacteriu ... | 1997 | 9338486 |
| photodynamic destruction of haemophilus parainfluenzae by endogenously produced porphyrins. | bacterial resistance against antibiotic treatment is becoming an increasing problem in medicine. therefore methods to destroy microorganisms by other means are being investigated, one of which is photodynamic therapy (pdt). it has already been shown that a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria can be killed in vitro by pdt using exogenous sensitizers. an alternative method of photosensitizing cells is to stimulate the production of endogenous sensitizers. the purpose of this study ... | 1997 | 9372610 |
| efficacy and safety of grepafloxacin 600 mg daily for 10 days in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the efficacy and safety of grepafloxacin in treating patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) was assessed in an open-label, noncomparative study. patients (n = 273) received grepafloxacin 600 mg qd for 10 days. a total of 237 patients (87%) completed the study. in assessable patients, the clinical success rate at follow-up (4 to 6 weeks after the last dose) was 89% (211/238 patients). in microbiologically assessable patients, the eradication rate at follow-up was 95% (86/91 isolates). g ... | 1997 | 9385485 |
| [haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens in iga nephropathy]. | iga nephropathy (igan), a common glomerular disease, is characterized by the presence of iga deposits, predominantly in the glomerular mesangium, and by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (gn). concerning its pathogenesis, several investigators suggest that the deposited iga is an antibody to viral, bacterial, or dietary antigens. thus the antibody is probably produced as part of the specific host immune response to various environmental antigens. such reports strengthen the possibility ... | 1998 | 9492534 |
| haemophilus parainfluenzae liver abscess after successful liver transplantation. | haemophilus parainfluenzae was isolated from a bile specimen and from an aspirate of a liver abscess in a 58-year-old liver-transplanted woman that was indicative of an invasion of the graft by an ascending route. drug therapy, immunosuppression, rejection therapy, and roux-en-y choledochojejunostomy may have contributed to the septic course. interdisciplinary cooperation was instrumental in diagnosis and successful management in this case. | 1998 | 9508321 |
| efficacy and tolerability of twice-daily ciprofloxacin 750 mg in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia. | in a review of the us bayer ciprofloxacin (cip) database, an analysis was undertaken to summarize the effectiveness and tolerability of cip 750 mg bid in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) and pneumonia. in five controlled studies, comparator (comp) agents included ampicillin, intravenous cefuroxime/cefaclor, and other unspecified agents. primary efficacy end points were clinical success (resolution plus improvement) and bacteriologic eradication at t ... | 1998 | 9522111 |
| [infective endocarditis--a review of 21 cases in last 10 years]. | twenty one cases of infective endocarditis in last 10 years were re-evaluated by duke's criteria. fourteen strains of streptococcus viridans, 4 of enterococcus faecalis, 1 of haemophilus parainfluenzae were isolated from blood culture. as to the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 8 strains of streptococci, imipenem revealed the lowest mic value, following penicillin g, ceftriaxon not equal to ampicillin, vancomycin and gentamicin. one strain of them was penicillin-resistant (0.8 microgram ... | 1998 | 9549176 |
| enzyme-mediated cytosine deamination by the bacterial methyltransferase m.mspi. | most prokaryotic (cytosine-5)-dna methyltransferases increase the frequency of deamination at the cytosine targeted for methylation in vitro in the absence of the cofactor s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) or the reaction product s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy). we show here that, under the same in vitro conditions, the prokaryotic methyltransferase, m.mspi (from moraxella sp.), causes very few cytosine deaminations, suggesting a mechanism in which m.mspi may avoid enzyme-mediated cytosine deaminati ... | 1998 | 9576871 |
| polymicrobial endocarditis with haemophilus parainfluenzae in an intravenous drug user whose transesophageal echocardiogram appeared normal. | | 1998 | 9597274 |
| ercp complicated by a retroperitoneal abscess caused by haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. | | 1998 | 9609441 |
| [clinical study on azithromycin in 10% fine granules and 100mg capsules in the field of pediatrics]. | azithromycin (azm), a new oral macrolide antibiotic, in 10% fine granules or 100 mg capsules was given to pediatric patients to treat various infections. the following results were obtained in our studies of azm for its antibacterial activities against clinical isolates, its pharmacokinetics, its efficacy, and its safety. 1. mics of azm, erythromycin (em) and clarithromycin (cam) were determined against a total of 57 strains all at 10(6) cfu/ml. among gram-positive cocci, mics of azm ranged from ... | 1997 | 9634360 |
| genetic transformation in haemophilus parainfluenzae clinical isolates. | haemophilus parainfluenzae isolates recovered from patients with respiratory diseases were studied for their ability to undergo genetic transformation by isogenic dna. two chromosomal markers, streptomycin resistance and nalidixic acid resistance, were tested for transformation efficiencies in h. parainfluenzae recipients from three biotypes. most efficient in transformation was biotype ii, followed by biotype i, while biotype iii was nontransformable. lack of transformation was not owing to poo ... | 1998 | 9662612 |
| cefaclor: a contemporary look at susceptibility of key pathogens from around the globe. | the orally administered cephalosporin antibiotic, cefaclor, has been available for clinical use in many countries since 1979. because widespread antibiotic use is often cited as a factor in the emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, we sought to determine the degrees of resistance to cefaclor expressed by key pathogens recently isolated in 10 countries widely distributed around the world. using the e-test, minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined for cefaclor and severa ... | 1998 | 9669643 |
| sparfloxacin vs ofloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, comparative study. sparfloxacin multicenter abecb study group. | comparison of efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin vs ofloxacin for treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (abecb). | 1998 | 9674458 |
| antibody response in six hacek endocarditis cases under therapy. | the antibody response to bacteria of the so-called hacek group, i.e. haemophilus spp., actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens and kingella kingae, was measured in sera of six patients with endocarditis. the corresponding isolates from their blood cultures were identified by conventional methods, including reactions for nitrate reduction and catalase as well as acid production from sugars. crude antigens were prepared by glycine extraction and sonificat ... | 1998 | 9674892 |
| cloning and sequencing of a 16s/23s ribosomal spacer from haemophilus parainfluenzae reveals an invariant, mosaic-like organisation of sequence blocks. | a 16s/23s ribosomal spacer from a haemophilus parainfluenzae rrn locus was cloned and sequenced. analysis of pcr-amplified genomic fragments showed that this region is strongly conserved among unrelated isolates; computer analysis of database homologies showed that the spacer consists of sequence blocks, arranged in a mosaic-like structure, with strong homologies with analogous blocks present in the spacer regions of haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus ducreyi and actinobacillus spp. it also con ... | 1998 | 9682479 |
| molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of haemophilus parainfluenzae from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. | this study was undertaken to characterize serial haemophilus parainfluenzae strains from epidemiologically unrelated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients and from healthy carriers. a comprehensive approach was used including different phenotypical and molecular typing methods: biotyping, antibiotyping, conventional ribotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) assay, and pcr-ribotyping. conventional ribotyping and pfge analysis were confirmed as excellent procedures to dif ... | 1998 | 9690761 |
| [laboratory and clinical studies on tazobactam/piperacillin in the field of pediatrics]. | laboratory and clinical studies on tazobactam/piperacillin (taz/pipc), a combination drug of piperacillin (pipc) with the new beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (taz), were carried out in the field of pediatrics. 1. after intravenous administration of taz/pipc at a dose of 25 mg/kg to one child, the peak plasma levels of taz and pipc were 24.4 micrograms/ml and 119 micrograms/ml respectively after 5 min. the half-lives of taz and pipc were 0.48 and 0.60 hours respectively. same as 50 mg/kg to t ... | 1998 | 9755829 |
| semisynthesis of cytotoxic proteins using a modified protein splicing element. | two cytotoxic proteins, bovine pancreatic ribonuclease a (rnase a), and a restriction endonuclease from haemophilus parainfluenzae (hpai), were produced using a novel semisynthetic approach that utilizes a protein splicing element, an intein, to generate a reactive thioester at the c-terminus of a recombinant protein. nucleophilic attack on this thioester by the n-terminal cysteine of a synthetic peptide ultimately leads to the ligation of the two reactants through a native peptide bond. this st ... | 1998 | 9827992 |
| etiology, susceptibility, and treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of complicated chronic bronchitis in the primary care setting: ciprofloxacin 750 mg b.i.d. versus clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d. bronchitis study group. | although controversial, antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) appears beneficial in patients with a history of repeated infections, those who have comorbid illnesses, and those with marked airway obstruction. in a community-based, open, randomized trial, the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin (cip) 750 mg and clarithromycin (cla) 500 mg, each given twice daily for 10 days, were compared in 2180 patients with aecb (1083 cip, 1097 cla). patie ... | 1998 | 9829441 |
| effectiveness of short-course therapy (5 days) with grepafloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | three hundred eighty-nine patients were enrolled in a double-masked, multicenter, randomized clinical trial comparing the clinical and bacteriologic efficacies and safety of a 5-day course (n = 195) versus a 10-day course (n = 194) of grepafloxacin 400 mg once daily in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (abecb). patients in the 5-day treatment group received placebo on days 6 through 10. bacteriologic assessments were based on cultures of sputum specimens obtain ... | 1999 | 10090434 |
| management of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. | in chronic bronchitis, a common respiratory illness marked by chronic productive cough and caused largely by cigarette smoking, bacterial exacerbations are thought to be a common cause of progressive airway damage. common bacterial pathogens, found in 50% to 60% of episodes, include haemophilus influenzae (the most common), as well as haemophilus parainfluenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. bacterial resistance to antibiotics, especially beta-lactam drugs such as amoxicill ... | 1999 | 10202233 |
| haemophilus influenzae localized in epithelial cell layers is shielded from antibiotics and antibody-mediated bactericidal activity. | nonencapsulated haemophilus influenzae frequently persists in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and cystic fibrosis (cf) patients for prolonged periods of time. the bacteria are not eradicated by antibiotic treatment of the patients or by specific antibodies that are found in the sputum and sera of these patients. we investigated whether h. influenzae, when localized in lung epithelial cell layers, is shielded from antibiotics and from antibody-mediated bactericidal activ ... | 1999 | 10222210 |