| participation of lipid peroxidation in rat pertussis vaccine pleurisy. iii. thiobarbituric acid (tba) reactant and lysosomal enzyme. | activity of lysosomal enzymes, such as n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (nag), was assayed in exudate on a rat model of bordetella pertussis vaccine pleurisy. thiobarbituric acid (tba)-reactive substances (tba.r) and superoxide dismutase (sod) activity were then monitored in the exudate on the acute phase response in this inflammatory model. retention of the exudate in the pleural space increased rapidly after the challenge, and the exudate volume at 24 h reached about three times the volume at 6 ... | 1991 | 2054877 |
| biologic and protective properties of the 69-kda outer membrane protein of bordetella pertussis: a novel formulation for an acellular pertussis vaccine. | a combination of the 69-kda outer membrane protein and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), both isolated from lymphocytosis promoting factor (lpf; pertussis toxin) minus mutants of bordetella pertussis, is protective in the mouse intracerebral challenge potency (kendrick) test. a combination of the same 69-kda protein and lpf is approximately 15 times less effective. these data suggest that, surprisingly, the 69-kda protein in tandem with fha is the most relevant combination for mouse protection; c ... | 1991 | 2056199 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: cellular and antibody response against the parasite in mice immunized with a 19-amino acid synthetic peptide. | several monoclonal antibodies were prepared against the flagellar fraction of trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (tulahuén strain, stock tul 2). one of them, fch-f8-4, has previously shown biologic activity against the parasite (complement-mediated lysis and neutralization of the trypomastigote infectivity). immunopurified antigens using this monoclonal antibody elicited a protective immune response in mice. two recombinant cdna clones were detected with this anti-flagellar fraction monoclonal anti ... | 1991 | 1993465 |
| hemolytic activity of adenylate cyclase toxin from bordetella pertussis. | adenylate cyclase (ac) toxin from b. pertussis enters eukaryotic cells where it produces supraphysiologic levels of camp. purification of ac toxin activity [(1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 19279] results in increasing potency of hemolytic activity and electroelution of the 216-kda holotoxin yields a single protein with ac enzymatic, toxin and hemolytic activities. ac toxin and e. coli hemolysin, which have dna sequence homology [(1988) embo j. 7, 3997] are immunologically cross-reactive. the time cou ... | 1991 | 1993477 |
| the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-linked fc gamma riiipmn mediates transmembrane signaling events distinct from fc gamma rii. | to investigate the ability of fcgammariii(pmn), the gpi-anchored isoform of fcgammariii (cd16) in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn), to mediate transmembrane signaling events, we measured changes in membrane potential with dioc(5) and in intracellular calcium with indo-1. fcgammar were ligated by anti-fcgammariii mab 3g8 (igg and fab), anti-fcgammarii mab iv.3 (igg and fab), and human igg aggregates. cell bound mabs were also crosslinked by goat f(ab')(2) anti-mouse igg. 3g8 igg elicited a rapi ... | 1990 | 2139101 |
| immune responses to bordetella pertussis infection and vaccination. | to assess antibody and cellular immune responses, 156 healthy children were immunized at approximately 18 months of age with acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine. changes in antibody responses to filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and to pertussis toxin (pt) were similar in pattern, and antibody titers reached values equal to those from patients with convalescent-stage pertussis. the fha-induced dna synthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was maximum at 4 weeks after the primary s ... | 1991 | 1995729 |
| purification and immunological characterization of a groel-like protein from bordetella pertussis. | a groel-like protein from bordetella pertussis was purified. this protein was found to have the tetradecameric subunit structure typical of the groel family of proteins and to contain epitopes similar to those of other members of this family, including a human groel-like protein. active immunization of neonatal mice with the b. pertussis groel-like protein provided little protection against an aerosol challenge with b. pertussis. antibodies to this protein were elicited in mice by a standard dip ... | 1991 | 2004820 |
| recombinant human acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit induces chronic experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. | a synthetic gene encoding the 210 n-terminal residues of the alpha-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (achr) of human skeletal muscle was cloned into an inducible expression plasmid to produce a fusion protein in high yield in escherichia coli. like native human achr, the recombinant human alpha 1-210 protein induced achr-binding, achr-modulating, and achr-blocking autoantibodies in rats when injected once intradermally as an emulsion in cfa, with bordetella pertussis vaccine as sup ... | 1991 | 2005394 |
| isolation and characterization of catalytic and calmodulin-binding domains of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase. | a truncated bordetella pertussis cya gene product was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography on calmodulin-agarose. trypsin cleavage of the 432-residue recombinant protein (mr = 46,659) generated two fragments of 28 kda and 19 kda. these fragments, each containing a single trp residue, were purified and analyzed for their catalytic and calmodulin-binding properties. the 28-kda peptide, corresponding to the n-terminal domain of the recombinant adenylate cyclase, exh ... | 1991 | 2007407 |
| pertussis toxin and h-7 distinguish mechanisms involved in eicosanoid release from lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages. eicosanoid release from lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages. | release of eicosanoids is an important response of macrophages to inflammation and bacterial infection. at low concentrations, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (1-2 micrograms/ml) fails to stimulate eicosanoid release in resident peritoneal macrophages but primes the macrophages for a greatly enhanced release of eicosanoids on stimulation with the calcium ionophore a23187 (0.1 microm) or with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (50 nm), an activator of protein kinase c. incubation of macrophages with bo ... | 1990 | 2105889 |
| monoclonal antibodies against the flagellar fraction of epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi: immunoprotection against metacyclic trypomastigotes obtained by immunization of mice with an affinity-purified antigen. | subcellular fractions of trypanosoma cruzi (epimastigotes) were assayed in their capacity to induce protective or aggressive effects in experimental animals. the flagellar fraction showed the best immunoprotective properties without tissular aggression. monoclonal antibodies were prepared from mice immunized with this fraction. one of them, fch-f8-4, was able to neutralize the infectivity of bloodstream trypomastigotes, to produce complement-mediated lysis on cell culture-derived trypomastigotes ... | 1990 | 2106075 |
| rapid diagnosis of pertussis. | a rapid and sensitive method has been devised for the detection of bordetella pertussis in clinical samples. the feasibility of the technique, which is based upon enzymatic assay of adenylate cyclase associated with the intact b. pertussis organisms, has been demonstrated in laboratory simulations. in the present study, we evaluated this novel diagnostic method using clinical specimens obtained from 120 children with suspected pertussis. levels of adenylate cyclase activity in these specimens we ... | 1990 | 2162557 |
| activation of the respiratory burst in murine phagocytes by certain guanine ribonucleosides modified at the 7 and 8 positions: possible involvement of a pertussis toxin-sensitive g-protein. | the capacity of certain guanine ribonucleosides (modified at the 7 and/or 8 positions) to enhance the respiratory burst of murine peritoneal phagocytes was evaluated. the results show that 8-mercaptoguanosine, 8-bromoguanosine, 7-methyl-8-oxoguanosine and 7-thia-8-oxoguanosine, when injected intraperitoneally into mice, induced peritoneal phagocytes to generate reactive oxygen species as early as 1 h after injection. in vivo administration of the nucleosides induced higher levels of phagocyte ac ... | 1990 | 2106487 |
| pertussis toxin b-subunit-induced ca2(+)-fluxes in jurkat human lymphoma cells: the action of long-term pre-treatment with cholera and pertussis holotoxins. | the exotoxins of bordetella pertussis and vibrio cholera have been used to investigate signal transduction in the human t-cell lymphoma jurkat. stimulation of the cells, leading to an increase in cytoplasmic free calcium, could be achieved by the anti-t-cell receptor complex antibody okt3 and by pertussis holotoxin (ptht), or its b-subunit (ptb), but not by cholera holotoxin (ctht) or its b-subunit (ctb). both holotoxins adp-ribosylated specifically g-proteins in the plasma membrane of intact ce ... | 1990 | 2169284 |
| autogenous regulation of the bordetella pertussis bvgabc operon. | the bvgabc operon of the bacterial pathogen bordetella pertussis encodes a sensory transduction system that regulates the expression of several virulence genes in response to environmental stimuli. in this study we have examined the transcriptional regulation of the bvgabc operon. transcriptional bvg::laczya fusions in escherichia coli show that the bvgabc operon is autogenously activated. autoactivation is inhibited by the same environmental stimuli that result in the lack of expression of bvg- ... | 1990 | 2111016 |
| biochemical and immunological comparison of lipopolysaccharides from bordetella species. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from bordetella pertussis, b. parapertussis and b. bronchiseptica were analysed for their chemical composition, molecular heterogeneity and immunological properties. all the lps preparations contained heptose, 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid, glucosamine, uronic acid, phosphate and fatty acids. the fatty acids c14:0, c16:0 and beta ohc14:0 were common to all the lps preparations. lps from b. pertussis strains additionally contained isoc16:0, those from b. pa ... | 1990 | 2118165 |
| pertussis toxin analog with reduced enzymatic and biological activities is a protective immunogen. | bordetella pertussis tox3201 has a 12-base-pair insertion in the s1 subunit gene of pertussis toxin (ptx), which encodes for a 4-amino-acid insertion between residues 107 and 108 of the mature s1 subunit (black et al., science 240:656-659, 1988). this mutant strain has been shown to secrete a holotoxin analog of ptx, designated crm3201, with reduced adp-ribosyltransferase activity. in the present study, we evaluated the biochemical, biological, and immunoprotective activities of purified crm3201 ... | 1990 | 2119344 |
| mechanism of n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and platelet-activating factor-induced arachidonic acid release in guinea pig alveolar macrophages: involvement of a gtp-binding protein and role of protein kinase a and protein kinase c. | various pharmacological effectors were used to investigate the mechanism of arachidonic acid release by n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp) and platelet-activating factor (paf) in guinea pig alveolar macrophages. the fmlp- and paf-stimulated arachidonic acid release (i) was mimicked by sodium fluoride and inhibited by bordetella pertussis toxin, suggesting the participation of a guanine nucleotide-binding protein; ii) was mimicked by a23187 but was insensitive to the calmodulin inhibi ... | 1990 | 2119477 |
| reovirus transport--studies using lymphocytosis promoting factor. | to explore how bacteria and their products may modulate viral infection, we investigated the effect of a well-characterized and highly purified product of bordetella pertussis, a pertussis toxin, also known as lymphocytosis promoting factor (lpf), on enteric reovirus infection. lpf is known to have a variety of effects, including modulation of circulation and homing of lymphoid cells. when adult mice are inoculated with reovirus type 1 perorally, reovirus first enters the peyer's patches (pp) th ... | 1990 | 2174674 |
| inhibition of bordetella pertussis and bacillus anthracis adenylyl cyclases by polyadenylate and "p"-site agonists. | inhibition of adenylyl cyclases from bacillus anthrasis and bordetella pertussis by polyadenylate and by the most potent "p"-site agonists was investigated. these bacterial adenylyl cyclases differed in their sensitivity to inhibition by nominal "p"-site agents and in the effect of divalent cations on this inhibition. the enzyme from bordetella pertussis was relatively insensitive to inhibition by "p"-site agonists, exhibiting a rank order of potency of 2'd3'amp greater than 3'-amp greater than ... | 1990 | 2121733 |
| dissection of thymocyte signaling pathways by in vivo expression of pertussis toxin adp-ribosyltransferase. | stimulation of the t lymphocyte antigen receptor-cd3 complex (tcr-cd3) causes t cell activation by a process associated with increased phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) activity. evidence exists suggesting that gtp-binding (g) proteins, particularly the pertussis toxin (pt)-sensitive gi proteins, participate in this signal transduction pathway. to clarify the role of gi proteins in tcr-cd3 signaling, and to investigate other possible functions of gi molecules in t cells, we ... | 1990 | 2123451 |
| immunogenicity of glutaraldehyde inactivated pertussis vaccine. | the immunogenicity of different types of glutaraldehyde inactivated pertussis vaccine (gipv) preparations made by inactivation of bordetella pertussis organisms with different concentrations of glutaraldehyde for variable periods at room temperature and conventional heat inactivated pertussis vaccine (hipv) was evaluated with regard to production of agglutinins and neutralizing antibodies against pertussis toxin (pt). the different types of gipv preparations had variable intracerebral mouse pote ... | 1990 | 2128428 |
| high level heterologous expression in e. coli using the anaerobically-activated nirb promoter. | the anaerobically-regulated nirb promoter was used to express heterologous genes in escherichia coli. under anaerobic conditions the promoter was able to express tetanus toxin fragment c at approximately 20% total cell protein (tcp) and the bordetella pertussis antigen pertactin at greater than 30% tcp. these levels are comparable to those obtained for the same products using the tac promoter. the nirb promoter is very well regulated, giving almost two orders of magnitude increase in fragment c ... | 1991 | 2057350 |
| variability in lps composition, antigenicity and reactogenicity of phase variants of bordetella pertussis. | comparison of lipopolysaccharides (lps) from phase variants of different strains of bordetella phase variants of different strains of bordetella pertussis has shown a difference in their composition, antigenicity and reactogenicity. phase i variants of b. pertussis, with the exception of strain 134, contain a preponderance of lps i whereas the major component of lps of phase iv variants is lps ii. sera raised to lpss of phase i strains, other than 134, cross-react with each other but not with ph ... | 1991 | 2060761 |
| pertussis vaccines. | concern over adverse reactions temporally associated with whole cell pertussis vaccine and advances in the understanding of the bordetella pertussis organism have led to a new generation of more purified acellular vaccines. the biology of the pertussis organism, epidemiology of disease, vaccine development over the decades, and vaccine efficacy and adverse reaction data from whole cell and acellular vaccine trials are presented. questions that remain to be answered before acellular vaccine repla ... | 1990 | 2190139 |
| activation of escherichia coli prohaemolysin to the mature toxin by acyl carrier protein-dependent fatty acylation. | haemolysin secreted by pathogenic escherichia coli binds to mammalian cell membranes, disrupting cellular activities and lysing cells by pore-formation. it is synthesized as nontoxic prohaemolysin (prohlya), which is activated intracellularly by a mechanism dependent on the cosynthesized hlyc. haemolysin is one of a family of membrane-targeted toxins, including the leukotoxins of pasteurella and actinobacillus and the bifunctional adenylate cyclase haemolysin of bordetella pertussis, which requi ... | 1991 | 2062368 |
| [simple and efficient method for clinical isolation of bordetella pertussis]. | commercially available amies transport medium with charcoal and three isolation media were tested to assess their efficiency in the clinical isolation of b. pertussis. first, the isolation rates of b. pertussis were compared between direct inoculation of nasopharyngeal specimens and inoculation after stored in amies transport medium for 8 hours or less. the comparative isolation rates were 81% both (35 of 43 specimens from 29 patients) for direct inoculation and transport medium. second, nasopha ... | 1991 | 2071951 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis to seven fluoroquinolones. | the in vitro susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis to seven fluoroquinolones were assessed by the agar dilution method. ciprofloxacin and temafloxacin were the most active compounds (mic for 90% of isolates tested [mic90], 0.06 microgram/ml), while enoxacin and pefloxacin were the least active (mic90, 0.5 microgram/ml). fleroxacin, lomefloxacin, and ofloxacin showed intermediate activities (mic90s, 0.125 to 0.25 microgram/ml). these results suggest a possible role ... | 1990 | 2073123 |
| [the development of a new generation of pertussis vaccine]. | the results of the weight gain test on mice have shown that acellular pertussis vaccine is less toxic than the pertussis component of adsorbed diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (dpt) vaccine due to a lower content of endotoxin in the acellular vaccine; but the leukocytosis-promoting and histamine-sensitizing activities of jnih-6 and adsorbed dpt vaccines are indicative of incomplete inactivation of bordetella pertussis toxin. the content of incompletely inactivated b. pertussis toxin is practically t ... | 1990 | 2075771 |
| neuropeptide y and peptide yy inhibit lipolysis in human and dog fat cells through a pertussis toxin-sensitive g protein. | neuropeptide y (npy) and peptide yy (pyy) are regulatory peptides that have considerable sequence homology with pancreatic polypeptide. because (a) npy has been shown to be colocalized with noradrenaline in peripheral as well as central catecholaminergic neurons, and (b) alpha 2-adrenergic receptors of adipocytes play a major role in the regulation of lipolysis, we investigated the effect of npy and pyy on isolated fat cells. in human fat cells npy and pyy promoted a dose-dependent inhibition of ... | 1990 | 2104880 |
| serological cross-reactions against yersinia enterocolitica in patients infected with other arthritis-associated microbes. | in order to investigate arthritis-triggering, serologically cross-reactive antigens, sera from patients infected with arthritis-associated microbes, salmonellae, chlamydia trachomatis, and sindbis-like alphavirus, were reacted against sds-page separated and immunoblotted yersinia enterocolitica 0:3 antigens. these sera reacted with yersinia to the same extent as did the control sera taken from patients with streptococcal, staphylococcal and bordetella pertussis infections or from healthy blood d ... | 1990 | 2161307 |
| antimicrobial effect of human milk on bordetella pertussis. | it has been demonstrated that human milk, unlike bovine milk, can reduce the viability of bordetella pertussis. this antibacterial activity was not due to the presence of antibiotics or antibodies in the human milk. reducing the level of available iron or increasing the concentration of lysozyme in bovine milk did not induce anti-b. pertussis activity. analysis of total fatty acids revealed that human milk contained significantly more linoleic acid than bovine milk. however, the addition of lino ... | 1990 | 2227362 |
| identification of a 43-kilodalton human t lymphocyte membrane protein as a receptor for pertussis toxin. | pertussis toxin (ptx), an exotoxin of bordetella pertussis has been used as a molecular probe to study stimulus-response coupling in a wide variety of cells. we have previously shown that ptx activates the same signal transduction pathways as ag or mab directed against the cd3-t cell ag receptor complex in human t cells. because the ec50 for mitogenic stimulation by ptx was 1.7 nm, we suspected that the toxin was specifically interacting with a membrane protein or receptor. we have used both che ... | 1990 | 2164067 |
| engineering of genetically detoxified pertussis toxin analogs for development of a recombinant whooping cough vaccine. | pertussis toxin (pt) is an important protective antigen in vaccines against whooping cough, and a genetically detoxified pt analog is the preferred form of the immunogen. several amino acids of the s1 subunit were identified as functionally critical residues by site-directed mutagenesis, specifically, those at positions 9, 13, 26, 35, 41, 58, and 129. eighty-three mutated pt operons were introduced into bordetella parapertussis, and the resultant toxin analogs were screened for expression levels ... | 1990 | 2228237 |
| analysis of a repetitive dna sequence from bordetella pertussis and its application to the diagnosis of pertussis using the polymerase chain reaction. | a tandemly repeated 1,046-base-pair (bp) clai dna fragment from bordetella pertussis was cloned into escherichia coli by using the vector puc19. this fragment, when isolated, hybridized strongly to dna from all 100 clinical isolates of b. pertussis tested. it was shown to have homology to single-copy sequences in bordetella bronchiseptica but not bordetella parapertussis and did not hybridize to lysate blots of a wide range of other bacteria, including members of the closely related genera paste ... | 1990 | 2229381 |
| enzymatic synthesis of the camp antagonist (rp)-adenosine 3',5'-monophosphorothioate on a preparative scale. | (rp)-adenosine 3',5'-monophosphorothioate ((rp)-camps) is a highly specific antagonist of the camp-dependent protein kinase from eukaryotic cells and is a very poor substrate for phosphodiesterases. it is therefore a useful tool for investigating the role of camp as a second messenger in a variety of biological systems. taking advantage of stereospecific inversion of configuration around the alpha-phosphate during the adenylate cyclase reaction, we have developed a method for the preparative enz ... | 1990 | 2171377 |
| [the formation of a test system for assessing the safety of different types of pertussis preparations: their cytotoxic action on mouse thymocytes in vitro]. | the test for the evaluation of the toxicity of different types of pertussis preparations as manifested by their in vitro influence on mouse thymic cells (t test) has been finally worked out. the use of the t test has made it possible to reveal the nonstandard character of the production lots of adsorbed diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccines, both whole-cell vaccine and japanese acellular vaccine. the degree of the in vitro damaging action of pertussis preparations on mouse thymic cells greatly d ... | 1990 | 2251892 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin: intoxication of host cells by bacterial invasion. | bordetella pertussis produces extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase toxin (ac toxin) which penetrates target cells and, upon activation by host calmodulin, generates high levels of intracellular cyclic amp (camp). as a result, bactericidal functions of immune effector cells are impaired. since a considerable amount of ac toxin is associated with the bacterium, it was proposed that the toxin may be delivered by direct interaction of the organism with the target cells (e. l. hewlett, m. c. gray, and ... | 1990 | 2172167 |
| mechanism of pertussis toxin b oligomer-mediated protection against bordetella pertussis respiratory infection. | immunization with the b oligomer of pertussis toxin protected neonatal mice from a lethal respiratory challenge with bordetella pertussis. all mice immunized with 8 micrograms of b oligomer survived aerosol challenge and had peripheral leukocyte counts and weight gains similar to those of mice immunized with pertussis toxoid before challenge and to those of control mice that were not challenged. unprotected mice challenged with an aerosol of b. pertussis had an increase in peripheral leukocyte c ... | 1990 | 2254030 |
| binding of 3'-anthraniloyl-2'-deoxy-atp to calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase from bordetella pertussis and bacillus anthracis. | 3'-anthraniloyl-2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (ant-datp), a fluorescent analogue of atp, was tested as a probe for the nucleotide-binding site of calmodulin (cam)-activated adenylate cyclases from bordetella pertussis (bpcya47) and bacillus anthracis (bacya62). ant-datp competitively inhibited both bacterial enzymes expressed in escherichia coli (ki approximately 10 microm). binding of the analogue to adenylate cyclase was monitored by equilibrium dialysis and by an increase in its fluoresce ... | 1990 | 2172237 |
| simultaneous determination of bordetella pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin concentrations by hydroxyapatite high-performance liquid chromatography. | a simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of bordetella pertussis toxin (pt) and filamentous haemagglutinin (fha) concentrations in fermentation broths has been developed. the rapid single-step analysis performed by hydroxyapatite high-performance liquid chromatography using a salt gradient with uv detection allows both the separation of pt from fha and the measurement of their respective concentrations. the assay is highly reproducible. over 35 lots of acellular b. pertussis ... | 1990 | 2172264 |
| evidence that modulation requires sequences downstream of the promoters of two vir-repressed genes of bordetella pertussis. | gene expression in bordetella pertussis is altered by environmental signals in a process called antigenic modulation. in the presence of modulating signals, expression of several known virulence factors and outer membrane proteins is coordinately reduced. from a bank of tnphoa fusions, we have identified five genes whose expression profiles are reciprocal of those of the major virulence determinants; that is, alkaline phosphatase activity is maximal during growth in the presence of the modulator ... | 1990 | 2174866 |
| evidence that the adenylate cyclase secreted from bordetella pertussis does not enter animal cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. | bordetella pertussis, the pathogen responsible for whooping cough, produces a calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase. several investigators have shown that the partially purified adenylate cyclase is capable of entering animal cells and elevating intracellular camp levels (confer and eaton: science 217:948-950, 1982; shattuck and storm: biochemistry 24:6323-6328, 1985). however, the mechanism for entry of the catalytic subunit of this adenylate cyclase into animal cells is unknown. it has been r ... | 1990 | 2177058 |
| the production and characterisation of rabbit antiserum and murine monoclonal antibodies to haemophilus ducreyi. | rabbit antiserum and murine monoclonal antibodies were raised against a strain of haemophilus ducreyi. the antiserum gave high immunofluorescence titres and strong dot blot reactions with all h. ducreyi strains tested and the only cross reaction was with bordetella pertussis. three monoclonal antibodies, all of isotype igg2a, also gave high immunofluorescence titres with h. ducreyi but did not cross react with any other species tested. immunoblotting showed the monoclonal antibodies to react wit ... | 1990 | 2179558 |
| etiologic, clinical, and pathologic analysis of 31 fatal cases of acute respiratory tract infection in argentinian children under 5 years of age. | during a 3-year survey of 805 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) who were admitted to three hospitals in buenos aires, 31 fatal cases were recorded--a fatality rate of 3.8%. of the 31 children who died, 77% were less than 1 year of age, 48% were boys, 58% were malnourished, 29% had previous respiratory disease, and 22% had previous congenital disease. all children who died had clinical diagnoses of pneumonia (71%) or bronchiolitis (29%). autopsies were performed in 14 o ... | 1990 | 2270406 |
| etiologic and clinical evaluation of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young argentinian children: an overview. | this paper summarizes the first study on clinical, etiologic, and epidemiologic features of acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) in children in argentina. a total of 1,003 children less than 5 years of age (805 inpatients and 198 outpatients) presenting with alri were studied during a 40-month period. nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa), blood, urine, and throat-swab samples were collected when each child was first seen for care. virologic studies were performed on the npa by means of indire ... | 1990 | 2270411 |
| association of a 38 kda bovine serum protein with the outer membrane of bordetella pertussis. | upon cultivation of bordetella pertussis in bovine serum, a 38 kda protein was found to be tightly associated with the outer membrane. the intensity of the 40 kda porin was reduced under these growth conditions. exposure of bordetella pertussis, grown in stainer and scholte medium, to bovine serum for 1 h did not result in the appearance of the 38 kda protein. unlike the 40 kda porin however, the electrophoretic mobility of this protein was affected neither by temperature of denaturation nor by ... | 1990 | 2272496 |
| secretion of the bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase from escherichia coli containing the hemolysin operon. | the extracellular calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase produced by bordetella pertussis is synthesized as a 215-kda precursor. this polypeptide is transported to the outer membrane of the bacteria where it is proteolytically processed to a 45-kda catalytic subunit which is released into the culture supernatant [masure, h.r., & storm, d.r. (1989) biochemistry 28, 438-442]. the gene encoding this enzyme, cyaa, is part of the cya operon that also includes the genes cyab, cyad, and cyae. a compari ... | 1990 | 2182114 |
| hemagglutination activities of purified pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin against erythrocytes from various animals. | the hemagglutinating (ha) activities of purified pertussis toxin (pt) and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) were evaluated against unfixed and glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes from ox, goose, horse, monkey, sheep, chicken, and rabbit. both pt and fha showed ha activities against fixed and unfixed erythrocytes from all the animals studied. the ha titers of fha were higher than those of pt. the ha activities of fha and pt were not destroyed completely even after heating these preparations at 56 c f ... | 1990 | 2283955 |
| the effect of amphiphilic polymers on growth of bordetella pertussis and production of b. pertussis haemagglutinins. | the effect, upon addition to a culture medium of amphiphilic polymers such as partly hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate (pvac) or partly methylated cellulose (mecel) on growth and production of haemagglutinins--the filamentous haemagglutinin (fha) and the pertussis toxin (pt)--has been investigated. as a result, an increase of ha-titer and pt could be achieved. besides these effects the addition of the amphiphilic polymers stimulated growth of b. pertussis. the above results are comparable to, or even ... | 1990 | 2285502 |
| attempts to induce resistance in mice to schistosoma japonicum and schistosoma mansoni by exposure to crude schistosome antigens plus cloned glutathione-s-transferases. | several attempts have been made to induce resistance in mice to schistosoma japonicum (philippines) or schistosoma mansoni by exposure to living male and/or female adult worms, their antigens or irradiated cercariae. no resistance was demonstrated in the following cases: re-exposure of mice to cercariae following praziquantel (pzq) treatment of existing infection; re-exposure of mice following cyclosporin a (csa) treatment at the time of first cercarial exposure; subcutaneous or intraperitoneal ... | 1990 | 2129038 |
| identification of a 68-kilodalton outer membrane protein as the major protective antigen of bordetella bronchiseptica by using specific-pathogen-free piglets. | maternal antibody to an outer membrane 68-kilodalton (kda) protein of bordetella bronchiseptica was shown to be protective in experiments on specific-pathogen-free piglets. after challenge with b. bronchiseptica, 100% (n = 19) control piglets from nonimmunized sows developed pneumonia, coughing, and sneezing, and 74% of the animals developed severe atrophic rhinitis. in 12 piglets from a sow immunized with 68-kda protein, pneumonia occurred only in 34% of offspring, coughing was reduced, the dur ... | 1990 | 2137111 |
| pertussis in an adult man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | a 25-year-old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) presented with paroxysmal cough and dyspnea of 4-months duration. an extensive evaluation including bronchoscopy was negative. a nasopharyngeal swab was positive by direct fluorescent antigen detection and culture for bordetella pertussis. respiratory isolation, treatment with erythromycin, and prophylaxis of household contacts was used to eradicate the organism and prevent transmission. pertussis should be considered as a ca ... | 1990 | 2189011 |
| history of whooping cough in nonvaccinated swedish children, related to serum antibodies to pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin. | the aim of this study was to examine whether there is a correlation between parental information on the child's history of whooping cough and the presence or absence of serum antibodies against two antigens of bordetella pertussis, pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin, in nonvaccinated swedish children. the parents of 266 swedish children aged 1 to 4 years answered a questionnaire regarding the child's history of whooping cough, and a serum sample was obtained from the child for determi ... | 1990 | 2299488 |
| large-scale growth of bordetella pertussis for production of extracellular toxin. | | 1990 | 2192661 |
| growth and siderophore production by bordetella pertussis under iron-restricted conditions. | it has been demonstrated that under iron-restricted conditions bordetella pertussis can obtain iron from iron-saturated human transferrin. direct contact between b. pertussis and transferrin was not required as b. pertussis was able to acquire iron from transferrin when they were separated by a dialysis membrane. siderophore activity was detected in supernatants from iron-restricted cultures of b. pertussis, b. bronchiseptica and b. parapertussis. siderophores were identified as hydroxamates and ... | 1990 | 2138989 |
| enhancement of suppressor t cell activity by lymphocyte promoting factor of bordetella pertussis. | lymphocyte promoting factor (lpf), a bioproduct of bordetella pertussis shown previously to exert immunosuppressive effects, was examined for its effect on concanavalin a (con a) induced t lymphocyte suppressor activity by human lymphocytes. suppressor cells (5 x 10(4) cells/well) first generated with con a (10 micrograms/ml) for 24h were co-cultured with responder cells (5 x 10(4) cells/well) for another 72h in the presence of con a (2.5, 5, 20 micrograms/ml). in this culture condition, lpf (20 ... | 1990 | 2141034 |
| cellular distribution and biochemical characterization of g proteins in skeletal muscle: comparative location with voltage-dependent calcium channels. | gtp binding proteins have been proposed to play a role in excitation--contraction coupling. in a precedent study [toutant et al., (1988), biochem. j., 405-409], we determined that bordetella pertussis toxin is able to catalyse adp-ribosylation of two substrates in the detergent soluble fraction of total muscle extracts. purified fractions of transverse tubule membranes (t-tubule membranes), a key element of the excitation--contraction coupling, were shown to exhibit a major adp-ribosylated subst ... | 1990 | 2154370 |
| purification and analysis of the antigenicity of a 69,000 da protein from bordetella pertussis. | a purification scheme was devised for a 69-kda outer membrane protein of bordetella pertussis, a virulence-associated protein which may play a role in the pathogenesis of the organism. the protein was purified to apparent homogeneity by heating b. pertussis cells for 1 h at 60 degrees c followed by deae-sepharose and affi-gel blue chromatography. antibodies found in sera obtained from patients diagnosed as having pertussis reacted with this protein. this purification scheme should be useful for ... | 1990 | 2323550 |
| functional activation of human neutrophils by recombinant monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor/il-8. | monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (mdncf)/il-8, a novel cytokine, distinct from il-1 and tnf was recently purified and cloned. this study was performed to investigate the biologic effect of recombinant mdncf/il-8 on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) by assessment of their growth inhibitory activity against candida albicans. the chemoattractant, fmlp was used as a positive control. we demonstrated that mdncf/il-8, similar to fmlp, effectively enhanced pmn-mediated anti-candid ... | 1990 | 2155963 |
| mutagenesis of bordetella pertussis with transposon tn5tac1: conditional expression of virulence-associated genes. | the tn5tac1 transposon contains a strong outward-facing promoter, ptac, a laci repressor gene, and a selectable kanr gene. transcription from ptac is repressed by the laci protein unless an inducer (isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside [iptg]) is present. thus, tn5tac1 generates insertion mutations in escherichia coli with conditional phenotypes because it is polar on distal gene expression when iptg is absent and directs transcription of these genes when the inducer is present. to test the us ... | 1990 | 2156797 |
| roles of the disulfide bond and the carboxy-terminal region of the s1 subunit in the assembly and biosynthesis of pertussis toxin. | a bordetella pertussis expression system was developed to analyze the structure-function relationship, in vivo assembly, and biosynthesis of pertussis toxin. the toxin structural gene was first deleted from the b. pertussis chromosome; into the resulting b. pertussis strain the toxin gene was introduced on a low-copy-number, broad-host-range plasmid. the amount of pertussis toxin produced and secreted with this expression system was in the same order of magnitude as that produced by b. pertussis ... | 1990 | 2341166 |
| [comparison of cefsulodin and cephalexin as selective agents in agar for bordetella pertussis]. | cefsulodin (12 mg/l) was evaluated as an alternative to cephalexin (40 mg/l) as selective agent in agar for isolation of bordetella pertussis from clinical specimens. charcoal horse blood agar with cefsulodin and with cephalexin supported growth of bordetella pertussis strains (n = 50) equally well. the nasopharyngeal flora of healthy adults (n = 49) was suppressed significantly better by cephalexin, but colony numbers of flora on the agar with cefsulodin in general were low. | 1990 | 2351408 |
| simple, efficient purification of filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin from bordetella pertussis by hydrophobic and affinity interaction. | two major antigens of bordetella pertussis, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and pertussis toxin (pt), were efficiently purified from culture filtrate by exploiting their relative hydrophobicities and differences in affinity to sialic acid-containing protein. high yields of fha (40 to 80 mg/liter) and pt (8 to 16 mg/liter) were first produced by growing the bacteria in the modified cl medium. the fha and pt in the culture filtrate were adsorbed onto butyl-sepharose by hydrophobic interaction at a ... | 1990 | 2351723 |
| serum antibody response to b. pertussis tn5 mutants, purified pt and fha in two different mouse strains and passive protection in the murine intranasal infection model. | the protective capacities of antibodies to pertussis toxin (pt) were compared with antibodies to several other pertussis antigens in an experimental murine model of intranasal infection with bordetella pertussis. protection from lethal challenge was achieved by passive immunization with mouse antisera to whole cells of the virulent b. pertussis bp338(vir+) and its tn5-generated mutants, bp353(fha-), bp348(adc-hly-) and to a lesser extent of bp347(vir-). the immune sera were produced in two diffe ... | 1990 | 2159104 |
| protection of mice inoculated with purified pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin against intracerebral challenge with live bordetella pertussis. | | 1990 | 2363304 |
| adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis: production, purification, and partial characterization. | bordetella pertussis produces a number of virulence determinants which contribute to its pathogenicity. one factor, the adenylate cyclase toxin (act), has been suggested to directly penetrate human phagocytes and disrupt their normal function by direct production of intracellular cyclic amp (camp). experiments evaluating the production of cell-associated act in liquid cultures of b. pertussis 504 demonstrated that the greatest activity was observed during mid-log-phase growth. urea extracts of c ... | 1990 | 2228232 |
| isolation and characterization of the reca gene of bordetella pertussis. | this report describes the detection and cloning of the bordetella pertussis reca gene. escherichia coli clones having recombinant plasmids containing the b. pertussis reca gene were isolated by complementing an e. coli reca- mutant's inability to survive in the presence of methylmethanesulphonate (mms). this gene was shown to complement the deficiency of e. coli reca- strains to tolerate the dna-damaging effects of both a chemical agent and ultraviolet light (u.v.). deletion mapping experiments ... | 1990 | 2233253 |
| production of tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta by human mononuclear leukocytes stimulated with mitogens, bacteria, and malarial parasites. | tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta (tnf-alpha and tnf-beta) are multifaceted polypeptide cytokines which may mediate some of the significant changes in cellular homeostasis which accompany the invasion of the mammalian host by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. although it is well established that bacterial lipopolysaccharide is a potent inducer of tnf-alpha, there is still very little known of the types of agents which can trigger the production of tnfs in mononuclear leukocytes. using an enz ... | 1990 | 2254024 |
| acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccines protect against the lethal effects of intracerebral challenge by two different t-cell dependent humoral routes. | athymic (nu/nu) and euthymic (+/nu) balb/c mice were immunized with a whole cell pertussis vaccine or with an acellular vaccine which contained detoxified pertussis toxin (pt) and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha). only the euthymic mice were protected against intracerebral challenge with virulent bordetella pertussis which implies involvement of t-cells. as a cell transfer from mice immunized with whole cell or acellular vaccine prior to the challenge did not protect naive euthymic recipients, ce ... | 1990 | 2257130 |
| the vir locus affects the response of bordetella pertussis to antibiotics: phenotypic tolerance and control of autolysis. | eradication of bordetella pertussis from the respiratory tract occurs slowly even when bactericidal antibiotics are used. the rate of killing of b. pertussis was found to be proportional to growth rate: virulent, slowly growing strains were killed over days, while rapidly growing strains (either avirulent or virulent modulated by growth conditions to avirulent) were killed over hours. minimum inhibitory concentrations and binding of antibiotics to membrane targets were equivalent in virulent and ... | 1990 | 2373881 |
| intrinsic fluorescence of a truncated bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase expressed in escherichia coli. | a truncated, 432 residue long, bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase expressed in escherichia coli was analyzed for intrinsic fluorescence properties. the two tryptophans (trp69 and trp242) of adenylate cyclase, each situated in close proximity to residues important for catalysis or binding of calmodulin (cam), produced overlapping fluorescence emission bands upon excitation at 295 nm. cam, alone or in association with low concentrations of urea, induced important modifications in the spectra o ... | 1990 | 2261468 |
| positive transcriptional feedback at the bvg locus controls expression of virulence factors in bordetella pertussis. | | 1990 | 2263607 |
| nucleotide sequence of the reca gene of bordetella pertussis. | | 1990 | 2377463 |
| [genetic control of experimental autoimmune uveitis in rats]. | differences in susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) among rats of various strains have been reported. the present study was aimed at separating the effects of the major histocompatibility antigen complex (mhc) and non-mhc genes on the development of eau. eau-susceptible lew, eau-resistant wkah, wkah, 1l mhc congenic strain rats representing mhc of lew on wkah genetic background, and other nine inbred strains of rats were examined for their ability to develop eau by immunizatio ... | 1990 | 2265820 |
| transfer of susceptibility to experimental autoimmune orchitis from responder to non-responder substrains of balb/c mice. | substrains of balb/c mice differ in their susceptibility to experimental autoimmune orchitis (eao), with balb/cj representative of the non-responders and balb/cby representative of the responders. we examined whether the susceptibility of these two substrains could be altered by reciprocal adoptive transfer of lymphoid cells. the cells transferred were of three types, normal spleen cells, t cell-enriched spleen and lymph node cells from mice immunized with testis homogenate (th) in complete freu ... | 1990 | 2266540 |
| [the effect of endogenous tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-induction therapy in the model of vx-2 ovarian carcinoma in the rabbit]. | the rabbit ovarian carcinoma model was prepared by injecting vx-2 carcinoma into the ovary and the effects of endogenous tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-induction therapy in combination with chemotherapy were studied. in this model, carcinoma metastasizes easily to the abdominal cavity, lung and liver, and resists treatment. endogenous tnf was induced by a series of injections of ok-432 0.3ke and ok-432 3ke at 3 hour intervals (ok-ok group), or 1 x 10(10) cells of bordetella pertussis vaccine (bpv g ... | 1990 | 2273301 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis to six new oral cephalosporins. | of six new oral cephalosporins, cefixime and cefpodoxime were the most active (mic for 90% of isolates tested [mic90], 16 micrograms/ml) against bordetella pertussis, followed by cefetamet, cefprozil, and loracarbef (ly163892) (mic90, 64 micrograms/ml) and ceftibuten (mic90, 128 micrograms/ml). against bordetella parapertussis, loracarbef was more active (mic90, 32 micrograms/ml) than the other compounds tested (mic90s, 64 to greater than 128 micrograms/ml). the new oral cephalosporins are unlik ... | 1990 | 2386374 |
| genetic characterization of bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin: a protein processed from an unusually large precursor. | the nucleotide sequence of the structural gene for filamentous haemagglutinin (fha), fhab, a crucial adherence factor for bordetella pertussis, has been determined. its 10774 nucleotides are far more than necessary to encode the 220 kd biologically active, mature polypeptide product, suggesting a role for co- or post-translational processing. fusion proteins derived from various portions of the fhab open reading frame (orf) were used to generate polyclonal antisera. western immunoblot analysis o ... | 1990 | 2388559 |
| bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin: evaluation as a protective antigen and colonization factor in a mouse respiratory infection model. | filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) is a cell surface protein of bordetella pertussis which functions as an adhesin for this organism. it is a component of many new acellular pertussis vaccines. the proposed role of fha in immunity to pertussis is based on animal studies which have produced some conflicting results. to clarify this situation, we reexamined the protective activity of fha in an adult mouse respiratory infection model. four-week-old balb/c mice were immunized with one or two doses of 4 ... | 1990 | 2294058 |
| characterization of the protective capacity and immunogenicity of the 69-kd outer membrane protein of bordetella pertussis. | immunization with the 69-kd outer membrane protein (omp) of bordetella pertussis protected neonatal mice against lethal respiratory challenge with b. pertussis 18323. active immunization elicited a serum igg anti-69-kd omp response at the time of challenge, with igg anti-69-kd omp antibodies detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after challenge. intravenous administration of bpe8, a monoclonal igg1 anti-69-kd omp, also protected young mice against b. pertussis challenge. intravenously injecte ... | 1990 | 2295882 |
| variations in the carbohydrate regions of bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharides: electrophoretic, serological, and structural features. | structural and immunological differences between the two components that are usually present in unequal quantities in bordetella pertussis endotoxin preparations and are visualized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have been studied by using strains 1414, a100, and 134, all in phase i. according to analyses by both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and thin-layer chromatography, the minor (8%) component of the endotoxin of strain 1414 (endotoxin ... | 1990 | 2298694 |
| adenylate cyclase toxin is critical for colonization and pertussis toxin is critical for lethal infection by bordetella pertussis in infant mice. | proliferation of bordetella pertussis in the lungs of infant mice challenged by the intranasal route was examined. the bacteria rapidly proliferated in the lungs of mice challenged with a sublethal dose of a wild-type strain (bp338) or a filamentous hemagglutinin mutant (bpm409) from 500 at day 0 to 10(7) at day 15. the infection cleared in about 40 days. pertussis toxin-deficient mutant bp357 gave a similar profile; however, the number of bacteria recovered was slightly reduced, suggesting that ... | 1990 | 2401570 |
| dna hybridization for diagnosis of pertussis. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate a mixed phase dna hybridization assay for detection of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with suspected pertussis. among 179 consecutive patients with own or parental suspicion of pertussis, the diagnosis was confirmed in 103 patients by serology and in 52/103 (50%) cases also by culture. the remaining 76 patients served as nonpertussis controls. direct hybridization was positive in 38% samples ... | 1990 | 2402250 |
| toxicokinetics of bordetella pertussis. | pertussis vaccine immunization is required in most of the 50 states in the united states. since it is required or recommended it is imperative that the clinician give this vaccine, crude as it is, in the safest possible environment. giving specific active (verbal) as well as passive (written) instructions to the parent or caretakers is mandatory. if in doubt, defer or delete the pertussis portion. | 1990 | 2301154 |
| protective immunogenicity of two synthetic peptides selected from the amino acid sequence of bordetella pertussis toxin subunit s1. | two peptides, corresponding to amino acids 1-17 and 169-186 of the amino acid sequence of pertussis toxin (pt) subunit s1, were synthesized and coupled to the diphtheria toxin cross-reactive mutant protein crm 197 and evaluated for immunogenicity and protective capacity against pt challenge in vivo. the peptide-crm conjugates induced high antibody titers against native toxin in mice (balb/c, c57/black, and outbred nmri) as measured by elisa. upon pt challenge (0.5 microgram of toxin) of the nmri ... | 1990 | 2304902 |
| construction and characterization in vivo of bordetella pertussis aroa mutants. | a dna fragment encoding a kanamycin resistance determinant was used to insertionally inactivate the cloned aroa gene of bordetella pertussis in escherichia coli k-12, and a conjugative shuttle vector system based on the suicide vector prtp1 was used to deliver the mutations from e. coli back into b. pertussis cn2992fs and bp1. the aroa mutation was introduced by allelic exchange into the chromosome of b. pertussis, resulting in otherwise isogenic parental and aroa mutant pairs. the b. pertussis ... | 1990 | 2407655 |
| a dna hybridization test for detection of bordetella in nasopharyngeal specimens. | a cloned bam h1 fragment of genomic bordetella pertussis dna which recognized a frequently repeated sequence in the genome of b. pertussis was used as a probe in a dna hybridization assay for the detection of bordetella. extensive studies on cross-reactivity were carried out in standardized strains and in cultured swab specimens from patients without suspected pertussis. hybridizations of cultured clinical specimens from 142 patients with suspected pertussis were in complete agreement with the s ... | 1990 | 2199823 |
| gtp-binding proteins couple cardiac muscarinic receptors to a k channel. | binding of acetylcholine (ach) to cardiac muscarinic ach receptors (machr) activates a potassium channel that slows pacemaker activity. although the time course of this activation suggests a multi-step process with intrinsic delays of 30-100 ms, no second-messenger system has been demonstrated to link the machr to the channel. changes in cyclic nucleotide levels (cyclic amp and cyclic gmp) do not affect this k channel or its response to muscarinic agonists. indeed, electrophysiological experimen ... | 1985 | 2413367 |
| biological properties of lipopolysaccharides from bordetella species. | biological activities of lipopolysaccharides (lps) extracted from bordetella pertussis, b. parapertussis and b. bronchiseptica were compared with those of escherichia coli lps. the lps preparations from b. pertussis showed biological activities comparable to those of e. coli lps in terms of lethal toxicity in galactosamine-sensitized mice, pyrogenicity in rabbits, mitogenicity in c3h/he spleen cell cultures, macrophage activation, and induction of tumour necrosis factor. all the activities of lp ... | 1990 | 2202781 |
| intratumoral induction of tumour necrosis factor by systemic administration of bordetella pertussis vaccine. | intratumoral induction of tumour necrosis factor (tnf) by administration of bordetella pertussis vaccine (bpv) as compared with that by the agent ok-432 was investigated in mice. two hours after such administration tumour tissues tested were resected from the mice, homogenised, and the tnf activities in the homogenate were assayed using a l-929 fibroblast assay. intravenous injection of bpv into mice bearing the mm46 carcinoma resulted in a greater concentration of tnf in the tumour homogenate t ... | 1990 | 2206945 |
| the subunit s1 is important for pertussis toxin secretion. | pertussis toxin is a protein containing five noncovalently linked subunits which are assembled into the monomer a (containing the subunit s1) and the oligomer b (containing subunits s2, s3, s4, and s5 in a 1:1:2:1 ratio). each of the five subunits is synthesized as a precursor containing a secretory leader peptide and is secreted into the periplasm of bordetella pertussis where the five subunits are assembled into the oligomeric structure and then released into the culture medium. in the absence ... | 1990 | 2211659 |
| soluble antigen abrogates the appearance of anti-protein igg1-forming cell precursors during primary immunization. | the anti-human serum albumin (hsa) b-cell repertoire of c57bl/6 mice was examined by culturing splenocytes at limiting dilution following polyclonal stimulation with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and a lymphokine mixture. the frequency of anti-hsa precursors was determined before and after immunization with alum-precipitated hsa and 10(9) killed bordetella pertussis organisms, by submitting clonal supernatants to an elisa. anti-hsa igg1-forming precursors were rare in unimmunized spleens, ... | 1990 | 2304921 |
| widespread silent transmission of pertussis in families: antibody correlates of infection and symptomatology. | four children with pertussis and their 18 family members were subjects of a 1-year study to detect infection and antibody responses to bordetella pertussis. attack rate for pertussis infection in contacts was 83%. two-thirds of cases in these immunized contacts were subclinical. all infected family contacts had diagnostically elevated serologic tests for pertussis at the time the index case was diagnosed. culture identified only 20% of infected contacts. infected individuals had a mean of 5.5 of ... | 1990 | 2313126 |
| synthesis and secretion of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase as a 200-kilodalton protein. | bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, synthesizes a calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase that is suspected to play a major role in the virulence of this bacterium. we show that adenylate cyclase synthesized as a 200-kilodalton protein is the product of the cyaa gene and that various virulent bordetella species secrete this high-molecular-weight polypeptide without apparent proteolytic processing. when submitted to trypsin digestion, the 200-kilodalton protein was conve ... | 1990 | 2323814 |
| [efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine]. | an outbreak of pertussis occurred in one room of a residential facility where 19 children aged 5 to 36 months were residing. they were prospectively surveyed to estimate the efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine. among the 19 residents, 9 were immunized with acellular pertussis vaccine. among the 19 residents, 9 were immunized with acellular dtp vaccine and 10 were unimmunized. the spread of pertussis was surveyed bacteriologically and serologically for 2 months. among the 9 immunized, 7 child ... | 1990 | 2212750 |
| serologic diagnosis of pertussis: evaluation of pertussis toxin and other antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | igm, iga, and igg antibodies to bordetella pertussis were measured in paired sera from 34 patients who were culture-positive for pertussis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with disrupted b. pertussis bacteria, purified pertussis toxin, or outer membrane proteins (omp) as antigens. paired sera from 50 patients with other respiratory infections were used as controls. the sensitivities of the assays from paired sera were 61%, 90%, and 90% and specificities were 98%, 92%, and 72%, respec ... | 1990 | 2324547 |
| active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in wbb6f1 mouse, a mast cell-deficient strain. | wbb6f1 mouse, a mast cell-deficient strain, was tested for active and passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions. active cutaneous anaphylaxis was not produced in mice which had been immunized for 1 to 2 weeks by an intraperitoneal injection of bovine serum albumin with either adjuvant, freund's complete adjuvant or bordetella pertussis organisms, even though circulatory ige and igg1 antibodies were raised. passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (pca) was also absent, when the mice had been sensitized with ... | 1990 | 2365426 |
| a new assay for invasion of hela 229 cells by bordetella pertussis: effects of inhibitors, phenotypic modulation, and genetic alterations. | invasion and intracellular survival of bordetella pertussis in hela 229 cells was studied by a new assay that utilizes polymyxin b instead of gentamicin to rapidly kill extracellular organisms. invasion measured by this assay was time and temperature dependent and was inhibited by the microfilament drug cytochalasin d. the invasion process was also dependent on a functional vir locus (also known as bvg), the positive regulator of virulence gene expression in b. pertussis. four spontaneous vir- p ... | 1990 | 2370104 |
| murine antibody response to oral infection with live aroa recombinant salmonella dublin vaccine strains expressing filamentous hemagglutinin antigen from bordetella pertussis. | two plasmids which express either nearly intact or truncated filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) from bordetella pertussis and which are marked with a tetracycline resistance (tcr) gene were transformed into salmonella dublin sl1438, an aroa deletion mutant intended for use as an attenuated oral vaccine against salmonellosis. these s. dublin recombinants, when fed to mice, induced serum immunoglobulin, immunoglobulin m (igm), and sometimes iga antibody responses to fha and s. dublin. in addition, ig ... | 1990 | 2370105 |