| diagnostic biomarkers for oral and periodontal diseases. | this article provides an overview of periodontal disease diagnosis that uses clinical parameters and biomarkers of the disease process.this article discusses the use of biomarkers of disease that can be identified at the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels and that are measurable in oral fluids such as saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. biomarkers identified from these biologic fluids include microbial, host response, and connective tissue-related molecules that can target specific pathway ... | 2005 | 15978241 |
| periodontal microbiota and carotid intima-media thickness: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study (invest). | chronic infections, including periodontal infections, may predispose to cardiovascular disease. we investigated the relationship between periodontal microbiota and subclinical atherosclerosis. | 2005 | 15699278 |
| periodontal disease and systemic conditions: a bidirectional relationship. | for decades, physicians and dentists have paid close attention to their own respective fields, specializing in medicine pertaining to the body and the oral cavity, respectively. however, recent findings have strongly suggested that oral health may be indicative of systemic health. currently, this gap between allopathic medicine and dental medicine is quickly closing, due to significant findings supporting the association between periodontal disease and systemic conditions such as cardiovascular ... | 2006 | 16998613 |
| periodontal therapy alters gene expression of peripheral blood monocytes. | we investigated the effects of periodontal therapy on gene expression of peripheral blood monocytes. | 2007 | 17716309 |
| an in vitro biofilm model of subgingival plaque. | numerous biofilm models have been described for the study of bacteria associated with the supragingival plaque. however, there are fewer models available for the study of subgingival plaque. the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a model that closely mimicked the composition of the subgingival flora. | 2007 | 17488440 |
| detection of multiple pathogenic species in saliva is associated with periodontal infection in adults. | we investigated whether certain bacterial species and their combinations in saliva can be used as markers for periodontitis. in 1,198 subjects, the detection of multiple species, rather than the presence of a certain pathogen, in saliva was associated with periodontitis as determined by the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets. | 2008 | 19020069 |
| detection of multiple pathogenic species in saliva is associated with periodontal infection in adults. | we investigated whether certain bacterial species and their combinations in saliva can be used as markers for periodontitis. in 1,198 subjects, the detection of multiple species, rather than the presence of a certain pathogen, in saliva was associated with periodontitis as determined by the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets. | 2008 | 19020069 |
| periodontal profile and presence of periodontal pathogens in young african-americans from salvador, ba, brazil. | this cross-sectional study evaluated the periodontal status and the presence of periodontopathogens in 132 young, black ethnic subjects who live in salvador/bahia-brazil and have never smoked. periodontal probing depth (ppd), clinical attachment level (cal), plaque index (pi) and gingival index (gi) were measured and analyzed by anova and wilcoxon tests (p<0.05) according to gender and age. the presence of a.actinomycetemcomitans, p.gingivalis, e.corrodens and f.nucleatum was determined by pcr a ... | 2008 | 24031206 |
| kindler syndrome and periodontal disease: review of the literature and a 12-year follow-up case. | the association of aggressive periodontitis with kindler syndrome was based on a single case in 1996 and later confirmed with a larger population. since then, significant research has greatly increased our understanding of the molecular pathology of this disorder. we review recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of the syndrome and present a maintenance case report of a patient who has been followed in our clinic. | 2008 | 18454678 |
| association of systemic oxidative stress with suppressed serum igg to commensal oral biofilm and modulation by periodontal infection. | to assess the impact of systemic oxidative stress on humoral immune responses, we examined the relation between levels of serum 8-isoprostane and serum igg antibodies against 17 microorganisms in the commensal oral biofilm among the aric population of community-dwelling adults (n = 4,717). bivariately, serum 8-isoprostane was associated with age, race/center, education, smoking, serum triglycerides, and the extent of periodontal disease severity. total igg antibody directed to the oral biofilm w ... | 2009 | 19496702 |
| prevalence of periodontal pathogens in coronary atherosclerotic plaque of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. | chronic bacterial infections have been associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. the ability of oral pathogens to colonize in coronary atheromatous plaque is well known. the aim of our study was to detect the presence of four common periodontal pathogens in coronary plaques. we detected the presence of 16s rrna of treponema denticola, eikenella corrodens, porphyromonas gingivalis and campylobacter rectus in subgingival and atherosclerotic plaques of cabg ... | 2009 | 23139486 |
| periodontitis in pregnancy: clinical and serum antibody observations from a baboon model of ligature-induced disease. | chronic oral infections that elicit host responses leading to periodontal disease are linked with various sequelae of systemic diseases. this report provides seminal information on the clinical and adaptive immunologic characteristics of a baboon model of ligature-induced periodontitis during pregnancy. | 2009 | 19563297 |
| vaccines and photodynamic therapies for oral microbial-related diseases. | the mouth is a favorable habitat for a great variety of bacteria. microbial composition of dental plaque is the usual cause of various oral diseases in humans, including dental caries, periodontal disease and halitosis. in general, oral antibacterial agents such as antibiotics are commonly used to treat oral bacterial infection. traditional periodontal surgery is painful and time-consuming. in addition, bacterial resistance and toxicity of antibiotics have become a global pandemic and unavoidabl ... | 2009 | 19149517 |
| diabetes, periodontitis, and the subgingival microbiota. | both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been associated with increased severity of periodontal disease for many years. more recently, the impact of periodontal disease on glycaemic control has been investigated. the role of the oral microbiota in this two-way relationship is at this stage unknown. further studies, of a longitudinal nature and investigating a wider array of bacterial species, are required in order to conclusively determine if there is a difference in the oral microbiota of diabetics ... | 2010 | 21523215 |
| microbiota associated with chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws. | chronic osteomyelitis of maxilla and mandible is rare in industrialized countries and its occurrence in developing countries is associated with trauma and surgery, and its microbial etiology has not been studied thoroughly. the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the microbiota associated with osteomyelitis of mandible or maxilla from some brazilian patients. after clinical and radiographic evaluation, samples of bone sequestra, purulent secretion, and biopsies of granulomatous tissues fro ... | 2010 | 24031586 |
| endodontic microbiology. | root canal therapy has been practiced ever since 1928 and the success rate has tremendously increased over the years owing to various advancements in the field. one main reason is the complete understanding of the microbiology involved in the endodontic pathology. this has helped us to modify the conventional treatment plans and effectively combat the microorganisms. now, studies are aiming to explore the characteristics of the "most" resistant organism and the methods to eliminate them. this ar ... | 2010 | 21217951 |
| periodontal bacteria and hypertension: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study (invest). | chronic infections, including periodontal infections, may predispose to cardiovascular disease. we investigated the relationship between periodontal microbiota and hypertension. | 2010 | 20453665 |
| characteristics of inflammation common to both diabetes and periodontitis: are predictive diagnosis and targeted preventive measures possible? | diabetes and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory disorders that contribute to each others' severity and worsen each others' prognosis. studies have shown that patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing periodontitis, and that diabetics with untreated periodontitis have more difficulty controlling serum glucose. periodontal treatment that reduces gingival inflammation aids in the control of hyperglycemia. periodontitis is accompanied by gingival bleeding and the production of a ... | 2010 | 23199045 |
| relationships between subgingival microbiota and gcf biomarkers in generalized aggressive periodontitis. | to examine relationships between subgingival biofilm composition and levels of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) cytokines in periodontal health and generalized aggressive periodontitis (gap). | 2010 | 20447254 |
| the influence of micronutrients on oral and general health. | the aim of the present clinical pilot study was to examine the influence of a combination of micronutrients on individuals with high stress experience. | 2011 | 22027646 |
| gingipains from porphyromonas gingivalis - complex domain structures confer diverse functions. | gingipains, a group of arginine or lysine specific cysteine proteinases (also known as rgpa, rgpb and kgp), have been recognized as major virulence factors in porphyromonas gingivalis. this bacterium is one of a handful of pathogens that cause chronic periodontitis. gingipains are involved in adherence to and colonization of epithelial cells, haemagglutination and haemolysis of erythrocytes, disruption and manipulation of the inflammatory response, and the degradation of host proteins and tissue ... | 2011 | 24466435 |
| changes in the subgingival biofilm composition after coronally positioned flap. | this study evaluated the effects of coronally positioned flap (cpf) on the subgingival biofilm composition. | 2011 | 21437473 |
| probiotics in periodontal health and disease. | macfarlane burnett stated in 1962 that "by the late twentieth century, we can anticipate the virtual elimination of infectious diseases as a significant factor in social life". probiotics have become of interest to researchers in recent times. time has come to shift the paradigm of treatment from specific bacteria elimination to altering bacterial ecology by probiotics. the development of resistance to a range of antibiotics by some important pathogens has raised the possibility of a return to t ... | 2011 | 21772717 |
| optimization of quantitative polymerase chain reactions for detection and quantification of eight periodontal bacterial pathogens. | the aim of this study was to optimize quantitative (real-time) polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assays for 8 major periodontal pathogens, i.e. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, parvimonas micros, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tanerella forsythia and treponema denticola, and of the caries pathogen streptococcus mutans. | 2012 | 23199017 |
| comprehensive analysis of secondary dental root canal infections: a combination of culture and culture-independent approaches reveals new insights. | persistence of microorganisms or reinfections are the main reasons for failure of root canal therapy. very few studies to date have included culture-independent methods to assess the microbiota, including non-cultivable microorganisms. the aim of this study was to combine culture methods with culture-independent cloning methods to analyze the microbial flora of root-filled teeth with periradicular lesions. twenty-one samples from previously root-filled teeth were collected from patients with per ... | 2012 | 23152922 |
| glycobiology aspects of the periodontal pathogen tannerella forsythia. | glycobiology is important for the periodontal pathogen tannerella forsythia, affecting the bacterium's cellular integrity, its life-style, and virulence potential. the bacterium possesses a unique gram-negative cell envelope with a glycosylated surface (s-) layer as outermost decoration that is proposed to be anchored via a rough lipopolysaccharide. the s-layer glycan has the structure 4‑meo-b-manpnacconh2-(1→3)-[pse5am7gc-(2→4)-]-b-manpnaca-(1→4)-[4-meo-a-galp-(1→2)-]-a-fucp-(1→4)-[-a-xylp-(1→3 ... | 2012 | 24970146 |
| advancement of the 10-species subgingival zurich biofilm model by examining different nutritional conditions and defining the structure of the in vitro biofilms. | periodontitis is caused by a highly complex consortium of bacteria that establishes as biofilms in subgingival pockets. it is a disease that occurs worldwide and its consequences are a major health concern. investigations in situ are not possible and the bacterial community varies greatly between patients and even within different loci. due to the high complexity of the consortium and the availability of samples, a clear definition of the pathogenic bacteria and their mechanisms of pathogenicity ... | 2012 | 23040057 |
| miswak: a periodontist's perspective. | meticulous plaque control on a daily routine basis is the single most important step to achieve good oral health. herbal chewing sticks, commonly known as miswak, are among the ancient and traditional oral hygiene aids popular in india, pakistan, most of the arabian countries, and several african countries. but nowadays, because of low cost, free availability, unique chemical composition, and spiritual beliefs, miswak is being used worldwide. a large number of studies have proved that miswak is ... | 2012 | 23326088 |
| genome-wide association study of periodontal pathogen colonization. | pathological shifts of the human microbiome are characteristic of many diseases, including chronic periodontitis. to date, there is limited evidence on host genetic risk loci associated with periodontal pathogen colonization. we conducted a genome-wide association (gwa) study among 1,020 white participants of the atherosclerosis risk in communities study, whose periodontal diagnosis ranged from healthy to severe chronic periodontitis, and for whom "checkerboard" dna-dna hybridization quantificat ... | 2012 | 22699663 |
| serum antibodies to periodontal pathogens are a risk factor for alzheimer's disease. | chronic inflammation in periodontal disease has been suggested as a potential risk factor in alzheimer's disease (ad). the purpose of this study was to examine serum antibody levels to bacteria of periodontal disease in participants who eventually converted to ad compared with the antibody levels in control subjects. | 2012 | 22546352 |
| microbiologic profile of endodontic infections from hiv- and hiv+ patients using multiple-displacement amplification and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. | to compare the microbiota of endodontic infections in necrotic pulp from hiv-negative and hiv-positive subjects. | 2012 | 22335194 |
| intraperiodontal pocket: an ideal route for local antimicrobial drug delivery. | periodontal pockets act as a natural reservoir filled with gingival crevicular fluid for the controlled release delivery of antimicrobials directly. this article reflects the present status of nonsurgical controlled local intrapocket delivery of antimicrobials in the treatment of periodontitis. these sites have specialty in terms of anatomy, permeability, and their ability to retain a delivery system for a desired length of time. a number of antimicrobial products and the composition of the deli ... | 2012 | 22470888 |
| local drug delivery agents as adjuncts to endodontic and periodontal therapy. | in the treatment of intracanal and periodontal infections, the local application of antibiotics and other therapeutic agents in the root canal or in periodontal pockets may be a promising approach to achieve sustained/controlled drug release, high antimicrobial activity and low systemic side effects. the conventional method for the elimination of subgingival microbial infection includes mechanical debridement, irrigation with antimicrobial agents or surgical access. but, the effectiveness of con ... | 2013 | 24868252 |
| changes in clinical and microbiological periodontal profiles relate to progression of carotid intima-media thickness: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study. | no prospective studies exist on the relationship between change in periodontal clinical and microbiological status and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. | 2013 | 24166489 |
| crevicular fluid biomarkers and periodontal disease progression. | assess the ability of a panel of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) biomarkers as predictors of periodontal disease progression (pdp). | 2013 | 24303954 |
| crevicular fluid biomarkers and periodontal disease progression. | assess the ability of a panel of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) biomarkers as predictors of periodontal disease progression (pdp). | 2013 | 24303954 |
| interleukin-8 responses of multi-layer gingival epithelia to subgingival biofilms: role of the "red complex" species. | periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues. the gram-negative anaerobic species porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola, (also known as the "red complex" species) are highly associated with subgingival biofilms at periodontitis-affected sites. a major chemokine produced by the gingival epithelium in response to biofilm challenge, is interleukin (il)-8. the aim of this in vitro st ... | 2013 | 24339946 |
| impact of early colonizers on in vitro subgingival biofilm formation. | the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early colonizing species on the structure and the composition of the bacterial community developing in a subgingival 10-species biofilm model system. the model included streptococcus oralis, streptococcus anginosus, actinomycesoris, fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, veillonella dispar, campylobacter rectus, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola. based on literature, we consider ... | 2013 | 24340084 |
| periodontitis and buerger's disease: recent advances. | buerger's disease (bd) is a relatively rare thrombotic, occlusive and non-atherosclerotic clinical syndrome of unknown etiology. in recent years, numerous epidemiological studies confirmed the strong association between chronic anaerobic periodontal infection and development of cardiovascular diseases, including bd. therefore, the aim of this study is to clarify association between periodontal pathogens and buerger's disease. confirmation of presence and identification of periopathogens in patie ... | 2013 | 24554799 |
| haplotype analysis of interleukin-8 gene polymorphisms in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by connective tissue loss and alveolar bone destruction. interleukin-8 (il8) is important in the regulation of the immune response. the aim of this study was to analyze four polymorphisms in the il8 gene in relation to chronic (cp) and aggressive (agp) periodontitis. | 2013 | 24368875 |
| bacteremia following scaling and root planing: a clinico-microbiological study. | bacteremia frequently occurs after treatment procedures such as extractions, scaling, root planing, periodontal surgery. there is currently significant interest in the possibility that bacteremia with oral bacteria may play role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. there are well-conducted studies that have determined the frequency of passage of periodontal microorganisms to the bloodstream after periodontal treatment. there is scarce information related to the incidence of periodontopathic micro ... | 2013 | 24554880 |
| salivary biomarkers: toward future clinical and diagnostic utilities. | the pursuit of timely, cost-effective, accurate, and noninvasive diagnostic methodologies is an endeavor of urgency among clinicians and scientists alike. detecting pathologies at their earliest stages can significantly affect patient discomfort, prognosis, therapeutic intervention, survival rates, and recurrence. diagnosis and monitoring often require painful invasive procedures such as biopsies and repeated blood draws, adding undue stress to an already unpleasant experience. the discovery of ... | 2013 | 24092855 |
| effect of controlled-release periochip™ on clinical and microbiological parameters in patients of chronic periodontitis. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and microbiological effectiveness of periochip™ as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) with srp alone in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2013 | 24174754 |
| a consortium of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, streptococcus parasanguinis, and filifactor alocis is present in sites prior to bone loss in a longitudinal study of localized aggressive periodontitis. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) in african-american adolescents has been documented but is poorly understood. two thousand fifty-eight adolescents aged 11 to 17 years were screened for their periodontal status and the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans in their oral cavity. seventy-one a. actinomycetemcomitans-negative and 63 a. actinomycetemcomitans-positive periodontally healthy subjects were enrolled, sampled, examined, and radiographed ... | 2013 | 23784124 |
| the correlation between chronic periodontitis and oral cancer. | infections are increasingly considered as potential trigger for carcinogenesis apart from risk factors like alcohol and tobacco. the discussion about human papilloma virus (hpv) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) points at a general role of infection for the development of oral carcinomas. furthermore, first studies describe a correlation between chronic periodontitis and oscc, thus, characterizing chronic inflammation as being a possible trigger for oscc. in front of this background, we pre ... | 2013 | 23936684 |
| salivary ph: a diagnostic biomarker. | saliva contains a variety of host defense factors. it influences calculus formation and periodontal disease. different studies have been done to find exact correlation of salivary biomarkers with periodontal disease. with a multitude of biomarkers and complexities in their determination, the salivary ph may be tried to be used as a quick chairside test. the aim of this study was to analyze the ph of saliva and determine its relevance to the severity of periodontal disease. | 2013 | 24174725 |
| predictive, preventive, personalised and participatory periodontology: 'the 5ps age' has already started. | an impressive progress in dentistry has been recorded in the last decades. in order to reconsider guidelines in dentistry, it is required to introduce new concepts of personalised patient treatments: the wave of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine is rapidly incoming in dentistry. worldwide dentists have to make a big cultural effort in changing the actual 'reactive' therapeutic point of view, belonging to the last century, into a futuristic 'predictive' one. the first cause of toot ... | 2013 | 23763842 |
| periodontal disease: a covert source of inflammation in chronic kidney disease patients. | the prevalence of atherosclerotic complications (myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death) is increased in end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients, especially in haemodialysis patients. increasing evidence suggests that both in general population and in dialysis patients, systemic inflammation plays a dominant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications. in general population, also, evidence shows that moderate to severe periodontitis can contribute to inflammatory burden by ... | 2013 | 23840952 |
| lessons learned and unlearned in periodontal microbiology. | periodontal diseases are initiated by bacterial species living in polymicrobial biofilms at or below the gingival margin and progress largely as a result of the inflammation elicited by specific subgingival species. in the past few decades, efforts to understand the periodontal microbiota have led to an exponential increase in information about biofilms associated with periodontal health and disease. in fact, the oral microbiota is one of the best-characterized microbiomes that colonize the huma ... | 2013 | 23574465 |
| mobile microbiome: oral bacteria in extra-oral infections and inflammation. | the link between oral infections and adverse systemic conditions has attracted much attention in the research community. several mechanisms have been proposed, including spread of the oral infection due to transient bacteremia resulting in bacterial colonization in extra-oral sites, systemic injury by free toxins of oral pathogens, and systemic inflammation caused by soluble antigens of oral pathogens. mounting evidence supports a major role of the systemic spread of oral commensals and pathogen ... | 2013 | 23625375 |
| periodontitis in pregnant baboons: systemic inflammation and adaptive immune responses and pregnancy outcomes in a baboon model. | chronic periodontal infections have been suggested to contribute to the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. | 2013 | 23710643 |
| periodontitis in pregnant baboons: systemic inflammation and adaptive immune responses and pregnancy outcomes in a baboon model. | chronic periodontal infections have been suggested to contribute to the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. | 2013 | 23710643 |
| effect of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota over a 2-year monitoring period. i. overall effect and kinetics of change. | to examine the 2-year post-therapy kinetics of change in the composition of subgingival biofilms. | 2013 | 23710672 |
| the surface layer of tannerella forsythia contributes to serum resistance and oral bacterial coaggregation. | tannerella forsythia is an anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium involved in the so-called "red complex," which is associated with severe and chronic periodontitis. the surface layer (s-layer) of t. forsythia is composed of cell surface glycoproteins, such as tfsa and tfsb, and is known to play a role in adhesion/invasion and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression. here we investigated the association of this s-layer with serum resistance and coaggregation with other oral bacteria. the ... | 2013 | 23357386 |
| functional differences of porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae in determining periodontal disease pathogenesis: a literature review. | porphyromonas gingivalis is implicated in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. this bacterium has numerous virulence factors and one is the fimbriae, which is quite important for bacterial colonization. fimbriae are appendices that anchor to the bacterial wall and are comprised of the protein fimbriline encoded by the fima gene. thus far, six genotypes have been identified, fima i to v and ib. genotypes ii and iv are associated with periodontal disease, while genotype i is related to gingival h ... | 2013 | 24892323 |
| mixed red-complex bacterial infection in periodontitis. | the red complex, which includes porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia (formerly bacteroides forsythus), are recognized as the most important pathogens in adult periodontal disease. these bacteria are usually found together in periodontal pockets, suggesting that they may cause destruction of the periodontal tissue in a cooperative manner. this article discusses the interspecies pathogenic interactions within the red complex. | 2013 | 23533413 |
| role of the nk cell-activating receptor cracc in periodontitis. | periodontitis is a highly prevalent, biofilm-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that results in the loss of the tooth-supporting tissues. it features two major clinical entities: chronic periodontitis, which is more common, and aggressive periodontitis, which usually has an early onset and a rapid progression. natural killer (nk) cells are a distinct subgroup of lymphocytes that play a major role in the ability of the innate immune system to steer immune responses. nk cells are abundant in pe ... | 2013 | 23250953 |
| clinical, microbiological, and salivary biomarker profiles of dental implant patients with type 2 diabetes. | regulators of peri-implant bone loss in patients with diabetes appear to involve multiple risk factors that have not been clearly elucidated. this study was conducted to explore putative local etiologic factors on implant bone loss in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus, including clinical, microbial, salivary biomarker, and psychosocial factors. | 2013 | 23445216 |
| clinical, microbiological, and salivary biomarker profiles of dental implant patients with type 2 diabetes. | regulators of peri-implant bone loss in patients with diabetes appear to involve multiple risk factors that have not been clearly elucidated. this study was conducted to explore putative local etiologic factors on implant bone loss in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus, including clinical, microbial, salivary biomarker, and psychosocial factors. | 2013 | 23445216 |
| periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. | periodontal disease (pd) is one of the most commonly known human chronic disorders. the relationship between pd and several systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (dm) has been increasingly recognized over the past decades. | 2013 | 23559105 |
| effects of adjunctive daily phototherapy on chronic periodontitis: a randomized single-blind controlled trial. | the purpose of this randomized single-blind controlled trial was to elucidate the clinical and antimicrobial effects of daily phototherapy (pt) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 25568808 |
| serum igg antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident alzheimer disease. | periodontitis and alzheimer disease (ad) are associated with systemic inflammation. this research studied serum igg to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident ad. | 2014 | 25522313 |
| s-nitrosoglutathione accelerates recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis. | mucositis induced by anti-neoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting and costly side-effect of cancer therapy. | 2014 | 25478918 |
| shifts in campylobacter species abundance may reflect general microbial community shifts in periodontitis progression. | oral campylobacter species have been found to be associated with periodontitis progression. while the etiological significance of campylobacter rectus is quite established, the association of c. gracilis, c. concisus, and c. curvus with health or disease remains contradictory. | 2014 | 25412608 |
| the oral microbiome and the immunobiology of periodontal disease and caries. | the composition of the oral microbiome differs from one intraoral site to another, reflecting in part the host response and immune capacity at each site. by focusing on two major oral infections, periodontal disease and caries, new principles of disease emerge. periodontal disease affects the soft tissues and bone that support the teeth. caries is a unique infection of the dental hard tissues. the initiation of both diseases is marked by an increase in the complexity of the microbiome. in period ... | 2014 | 25447398 |
| association between periodontal condition and subgingival microbiota in women during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. | in this study, the gingival conditions and the quantitative detection for aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia in pregnant women were determined. | 2014 | 25591021 |
| relationship of clinical and microbiological variables in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. | the aim of the study was to analyze how metabolic control of type 1 diabetes is related to clinical and microbiological periodontal parameters. | 2014 | 25294115 |
| role of porphyromonas gingivalis gingipains in multi-species biofilm formation. | periodontal diseases are polymicrobial diseases that cause the inflammatory destruction of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues. their initiation is attributed to the formation of subgingival biofilms that stimulate a cascade of chronic inflammatory reactions by the affected tissue. the gram-negative anaerobes porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola are commonly found as part of the microbiota of subgingival biofilms, and they are associated with the occurren ... | 2014 | 25270662 |
| expression and regulation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 in periodontal diseases. | periodontitis is an inflammatory infectious disease that destroys the tooth-supporting tissues. it is caused by multi-species subgingival biofilms that colonize the tooth surface. porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia (i.e. 'red complex' bacteria) are characteristic subgingival biofilm species. the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (trem-1) is a cell surface receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a role in the amplification of proinflamma ... | 2014 | 24924298 |
| newly identified pathogens associated with periodontitis: a systematic review. | there is substantial evidence supporting the role of certain oral bacteria species in the onset and progression of periodontitis. nevertheless, results of independent-culture diagnostic methods introduced about a decade ago have pointed to the existence of new periodontal pathogens. however, the data of these studies have not been evaluated together, which may generate some misunderstanding on the actual role of these microorganisms in the etiology of periodontitis. the aim of this systematic re ... | 2014 | 25074492 |
| bacterial community composition of chronic periodontitis and novel oral sampling sites for detecting disease indicators. | periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease of polymicrobial etiology that can lead to the destruction of bones and tissues that support the teeth. the management of chronic periodontitis (cp) relies heavily on elimination or at least control of known pathogenic consortia associated with the disease. until now, microbial plaque obtained from the subgingival (subg) sites has been the primary focus for bacterial community analysis using deep sequencing. in addition to the use of subg p ... | 2014 | 25225610 |
| infectious burden and atherosclerosis: a clinical issue. | atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases of multifactorial etiology, are the leading cause of death worldwide. in the last decade, more infectious agents, labeled as "infectious burden", rather than any single pathogen, have been showed to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through different mechanisms. some microorganisms, such as chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae), human cytomegalovirus, etc. may act directly on the arterial wall contributing to en ... | 2014 | 25032197 |
| oral fluid based biomarkers in periodontal disease: part 1. saliva. | traditional clinical measurements such as probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss; plaque index and radiographs used for periodontal diagnosis are often of limited usefulness as they are indicators of previous periodontal disease rather than present disease activity. a literature search was carried out to find out all the available tests that indicate periodontal disease markers in saliva. all major databases were searched to compile the information on published repor ... | 2014 | 25214743 |
| serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is a biomarker in patients with diabetes and periodontitis. | the role of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) as a biomarker of periodontitis is well documented; however, its role in diabetic patients with periodontitis is unknown. | 2014 | 25143907 |
| treatment alternatives to negotiate peri-implantitis. | peri-implant diseases are becoming a major health issue in dentistry. despite the magnitude of this problem and the potential grave consequences, commonly acceptable treatment protocols are missing. hence, the present paper reviews the literature treatment of peri-implantitis in order to explore their benefits and limitations. treatment of peri-implantitis may include surgical and nonsurgical approaches, either individually or combined. nonsurgical therapy is aimed at removing local irritants fr ... | 2014 | 26556414 |
| massive parallel sequencing provides new perspectives on bacterial brain abscesses. | rapid development within the field of massive parallel sequencing (mps) is about to bring this technology within reach for diagnostic microbiology laboratories. we wanted to explore its potential for improving diagnosis and understanding of polymicrobial infections, using bacterial brain abscesses as an example. we conducted a prospective nationwide study on bacterial brain abscesses. fifty-two surgical samples were included over a 2-year period. the samples were categorized as either spontaneou ... | 2014 | 24671797 |
| microbial community profiling of human saliva using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. | human saliva is clinically informative of both oral and general health. since next generation shotgun sequencing (ngs) is now widely used to identify and quantify bacteria, we investigated the bacterial flora of saliva microbiomes of two healthy volunteers and five datasets from the human microbiome project, along with a control dataset containing short ngs reads from bacterial species representative of the bacterial flora of human saliva. genius, a system designed to identify and quantify bacte ... | 2014 | 24846174 |
| bacteria and bacterial dna in atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysmal wall biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis. | several studies have reported an association between chronic periodontitis (cp) and cardiovascular diseases. detection of periodontopathogens, including red complex bacteria (rcb), in vascular lesions has suggested these bacteria to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms. | 2014 | 25006361 |
| prevalence of clinical periodontitis and putative periodontal pathogens among south indian pregnant women. | in view of recent understanding of the association of periodontal infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the present investigation was undertaken to study the periodontal infections among 390 asymptomatic pregnant women and to find an association of bacterial etiologies with the disease. prevalence of gingivitis was 38% and clinical periodontitis was 10% among the study population. subgingival plaque specimens were subjected to multiplex pcr targeting ten putative periodontopathogenic bacter ... | 2014 | 24899898 |
| subgingival bacteria in ghanaian adolescents with or without progression of attachment loss. | this study describes subgingival bacterial profiles associated with clinical periodontal status in ghanaian adolescents with or without progression of attachment loss. | 2014 | 24834145 |
| life in a diverse oral community - strategies for oxidative stress survival. | while the oral cavity harbors more than 680 bacterial species, the interaction and association of selected bacterial species play a role in periodontal diseases. bacterial species including porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia, a consortium previously designated as the "red complex" is now being expanded to include other new emerging pathogens that are significantly associated with periodontal disease. | 2014 | 26744578 |
| cytokine gene polymorphisms associate with microbiogical agents in periodontal disease: our experience. | periodontics has evolved from a simplistic model to a more complex interplay between infection and host response. genetic factors have been a new addition to the list of risk factors for periodontal diseases. the processes leading to destruction and regeneration of the destroyed tissues are of great interest to both researchers and clinicians. the selective susceptibility of subjects for periodontitis has remained an enigma and wide varieties of risk factors have been implicated for the manifest ... | 2014 | 24843315 |
| gingival tissue transcriptomes identify distinct periodontitis phenotypes. | the currently recognized principal forms of periodontitis-chronic and aggressive-lack an unequivocal, pathobiology-based foundation. we explored whether gingival tissue transcriptomes can serve as the basis for an alternative classification of periodontitis. we used cross-sectional whole-genome gene expression data from 241 gingival tissue biopsies obtained from sites with periodontal pathology in 120 systemically healthy nonsmokers with periodontitis, with available data on clinical periodontal ... | 2014 | 24646639 |
| identification of microbial pathogens in periodontal disease and diabetic patients of south indian population. | periodontitis have been referred to as the sixth complication of diabetes found in high prevalence among diabetic patients than among healthy controls. the aim of the present study was to examine the periodontal disease status among collected dental plaque samples. chromosomal dna was isolated and amplified by universal primers. the dna was sequenced for bacterial confirmation and phylogenetic analysis performed for the evolutionary relationship with other known pathogens. no amplification produ ... | 2014 | 24966528 |
| bacteriological analysis of necrotic pulp and fistulae in primary teeth. | primary teeth work as guides for the eruption of permanent dentition, contribute for the development of the jaws, chewing process, preparing food for digestion, and nutrient assimilation. treatment of pulp necrosis in primary teeth is complex due to anatomical and physiological characteristics and high number of bacterial species present in endodontic infections. the bacterial presence alone or in association in necrotic pulp and fistula samples from primary teeth of boys and girls was evaluated ... | 2014 | 24676582 |
| pathogens and host immunity in the ancient human oral cavity. | calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) preserves for millennia and entraps biomolecules from all domains of life and viruses. we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution taxonomic and protein functional characterization of the ancient oral microbiome and demonstrate that the oral cavity has long served as a reservoir for bacteria implicated in both local and systemic disease. we characterize (i) the ancient oral microbiome in a diseased state, (ii) 40 opportunistic pathogens, (iii) ... | 2014 | 24562188 |
| subgingival periodontal pathogens associated with chronic periodontitis in yemenis. | subgingival microbial profile associated with periodontitis has been reported to significantly differ by geographical location. the purpose of this study was to assess the association between a panel of putative periodontal bacterial pathogens and chronic periodontitis among yemenis. | 2014 | 24548674 |
| in vitro-activity of oily calcium hydroxide suspension on microorganisms as well as on human alveolar osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. | findings from animal and human studies have indicated that an oily calcium hydroxide suspension (ochs) may improve early wound healing in the treatment of periodontitis. calcium hydroxide as the main component is well known for its antimicrobial activity, however at present the effect of ochs on the influence of periodontal wound healing/regeneration is still very limited. the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of ochs on periodontopathogenic bacteria as well as on the ... | 2014 | 24475753 |
| periodontal disease bacteria specific to tonsil in iga nephropathy patients predicts the remission by the treatment. | immunoglobulin (ig)a nephropathy (igan) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis in the world. some bacteria were reported to be the candidate of the antigen or the pathogenesis of igan, but systematic analysis of bacterial flora in tonsil with igan has not been reported. moreover, these bacteria specific to igan might be candidate for the indicator which can predict the remission of igan treated by the combination of tonsillectomy and steroid pulse. | 2014 | 24489644 |
| association between hypertension and periodontitis: possible mechanisms. | this review is to examine the current literatures on the relationship between periodontitis and hypertension as well as to explore the possible biological pathways underlying the linkage between these health conditions. hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are among the critical components in the development of hypertension. inflammation has received much attention recently and may contribute to a pivotal role in ... | 2014 | 24526921 |
| microbial role in periodontitis: have we reached the top? some unsung bacteria other than red complex. | the microbial etiology of periodontal disease has been the focus of researchers for a long time. the search for the pathogens of periodontal diseases has been underway for more than 100 years, and continues up today. despite the increasing knowledge about oral microbiota, we are not able to implicate any one particular organism that can be considered as a candidate pathogen. in fact the term "candidate pathogen" has lost its steam with a myriad of microorganisms being incriminated from time to t ... | 2014 | 24744537 |
| oxidative stress and igg antibody modify periodontitis-crp association. | in a previous report, we demonstrated the inverse association of high serum 8-isoprostane levels, a marker for oxidative stress, with decreased serum igg antibodies to oral bacteria. the association between increased serum igg with increased plaque and periodontitis (increased probing depths) was attenuated by high systemic oxidative stress. other investigations have reported a role for systemic oxidative stress as a stimulus of hepatic c-reactive protein (crp) response. these observations led u ... | 2015 | 26318589 |
| tlr expression profile of human gingival margin-derived stem progenitor cells. | gingival margin-derived stem/progenitor cells (g-mscs) show remarkable periodontal regenerative potential in vivo. during regeneration, g-mscs may interact with their inflammatory environment via toll-like-receptors (tlrs). the present study aimed to depict the g-mscs tlrs expression profile. | 2015 | 26615501 |
| tlr expression profile of human gingival margin-derived stem progenitor cells. | gingival margin-derived stem/progenitor cells (g-mscs) show remarkable periodontal regenerative potential in vivo. during regeneration, g-mscs may interact with their inflammatory environment via toll-like-receptors (tlrs). the present study aimed to depict the g-mscs tlrs expression profile. | 2015 | 26615501 |
| proteomic profiling of host-biofilm interactions in an oral infection model resembling the periodontal pocket. | periodontal infections cause inflammatory destruction of the tooth supporting tissues. we recently developed a dynamic, in vitro periodontal organotypic tissue model in a perfusion bioreactor system, in co-culture with an 11-species subgingival biofilm, which may recapitulate early events during the establishment of periodontal infections. this study aimed to characterize the global proteome regulations in this host-biofilm interaction model. semi-quantitative shotgun proteomics were applied for ... | 2015 | 26525412 |
| a randomized clinical trial of an adjunct diode laser application for the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. | in this radiographic and microbiologic split-mouth clinical trial, efficacy of a diode laser as an adjunct to conventional scaling in the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis was investigated. | 2015 | 26382562 |
| towards microbiome transplant as a therapy for periodontitis: an exploratory study of periodontitis microbial signature contrasted by oral health, caries and edentulism. | conventional periodontal therapy aims at controlling supra- and subgingival biofilms. although periodontal therapy was shown to improve periodontal health, it does not completely arrest the disease. almost all subjects compliant with periodontal maintenance continue to experience progressive clinical attachment loss and a fraction of them loses teeth. an oral microbial transplant may be a new alternative for treating periodontitis (inspired by fecal transplant). first, it must be established tha ... | 2015 | 26468081 |
| incorporation of staphylococci into titanium-grown biofilms: an in vitro "submucosal" biofilm model for peri-implantitis. | staphylococcus spp. are postulated to play a role in peri-implantitis. this study aimed to develop a "submucosal" in vitro biofilm model, by integrating two staphylococci into its composition. | 2015 | 26461083 |
| incorporation of staphylococci into titanium-grown biofilms: an in vitro "submucosal" biofilm model for peri-implantitis. | staphylococcus spp. are postulated to play a role in peri-implantitis. this study aimed to develop a "submucosal" in vitro biofilm model, by integrating two staphylococci into its composition. | 2015 | 26461083 |
| the inflammasome and danger molecule signaling: at the crossroads of inflammation and pathogen persistence in the oral cavity. | inflammasomes are an oligomeric assembly of multiprotein complexes that activate the caspase-1-dependent maturation and the subsequent secretion of inflammatory interleukin-1beta and interleukin-18 cytokines in response to a 'danger signal' in vertebrates. the assessment of their significance continues to grow rapidly as the complex biology of various chronic inflammatory conditions is better dissected. increasing evidence strongly links inflammasomes and host-derived small 'danger molecule atp' ... | 2015 | 26252403 |