| investigation of the gastric mucosa spirochetes of the human. | | 1954 | 13183283 |
| [interpretation of spirochaeta findings by lennhoff]. | | 1954 | 13221150 |
| spirochaetoidea and protozoa pathogenous for man as seen in fixed unstained smears under dark-field illumination or the phase contrast microscope. | | 1954 | 13222479 |
| [mixed recurrent spirochaeta and plasmodium berghei infections in mice]. | | 1954 | 13230800 |
| [relapsing fevers caused by ornithodoros]. | | 1954 | 13230821 |
| [ornithodorus tartakovskyi olenev 1931 and borrelia (spirochaeta) latychevii sofiev 1941; supplementary note]. | | 1955 | 13238994 |
| electron microscopic studies of the morphology of pathogenic spirochaetes. | | 1955 | 13243178 |
| [experimental production of pseudospirochetes in blood]. | | 1955 | 13249469 |
| serological and biological activities of the extract prepared by the mechanical disintegration (matsumoto-nagao method) of spirochaeta recurrentis. | | 1955 | 13283520 |
| [experimental transmission of spirochaeta hispanica buen, 1926 by guinea pig bite]. | | 1955 | 13283620 |
| phylogenetic diversity of termite gut spirochaetes. | a molecular phylogenetic analysis was done of not-yet-cultured spirochaetes inhabiting the gut of the termite, reticulitermes flavipes (kollar). ninety-eight clones of near-full-length spirochaetal 16s rdna genes were classified by ardra pattern and by partial sequencing. all clones grouped within the genus treponema, and at least 21 new species of treponema were recognized within r. flavipes alone. analysis of 190 additional clones from guts of coptotermes formosanus shiraki and zootermopsis an ... | 1999 | 11207751 |
| [experimental transmission of the spirochaeta hispanica to the dog by rat bite]. | | 1955 | 13293876 |
| comparative studies on the transmission of two strains of spirochaeta duttoni by ornithodoros moubata and of s. turicatae by o. turicata. | | 1956 | 13303097 |
| do spirochaetes have a negative phase in lice? | | 1955 | 13304600 |
| [50 years after the discovery of spirochaeta pallida as morbific agent of syphilis]. | | 1956 | 13305247 |
| [artificial raising of the presumable causative organism of multiple sclerosis (spirochaeta myelophthora steiner 1931) in usa and the importance of the disintegration methods with thedan blue potassium chlorate for the determination of spirochaetes in the central nervous system]. | | 1955 | 13311480 |
| [experiment in cultivating pseudospirochaeta]. | | 1955 | 13311481 |
| the identification of spirochetes from human cases of relapsing fever by xenodiagnosis with comments on local specificity of tick vectors. | | 1956 | 13317947 |
| [the effect of synthomycin, streptomycin, levomycin, biomycin and terramycin on spirochaeta pallida and immediate therapeutic results in treating syphilis in rabbits]. | | 1956 | 13325308 |
| [transmission of various relapsing fever causing spirochaetae by a sudanese strain of ornithodoros erraticus lucas (o.e. var. sonrai j. sautet, h. marneffe and m. witkowsky)]. | | 1955 | 13329731 |
| the cotton-rat as an experimental animal for spirochaeta turicatae brumpt. | | 1956 | 13337907 |
| [cultivation and growth of reiter spirochaeta in culture media]. | | 1956 | 13353550 |
| [role of the liquid fraction of reiter's spirochaeta in the pallidin reaction]. | | 1956 | 13373935 |
| [data for the study of spirochetal granules. ii. certain conditions inducing the appearance of granules of tick spirochaeta of caucasian and mid asian recurrent typhus]. | | 1956 | 13393664 |
| [spirochaetoidea in malignant tumors]. | | 1956 | 13396010 |
| [filtrable forms of spirochaeta sogdiana]. | | 1956 | 13418167 |
| [development of the causative organism of tick spirochetosis]. | | 1956 | 13418168 |
| [importance of lipoid fraction of reiter's spirochaeta in pallida reaction]. | | 1957 | 13423470 |
| cultivation of spirochaetes from spinal fluids of multiple sclerosis cases and negative controls. | | 1957 | 13431986 |
| [the problem of spirochete etiology in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans herxheimer]. | | 1957 | 13438353 |
| [spirochaeta findings in cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis]. | | 1957 | 13442602 |
| [a new experimental method for the distinction of leptospira and pseudospirochaeta]. | | 1957 | 13457092 |
| isolation and identification of spirochetes obtained from unexposed canals of pulp-involved teeth. | | 1957 | 13465124 |
| on antigenic activities of aqueous extract of mechanically disintegrated spirochaeta pallida. | | 1957 | 13470779 |
| research on spirochaetal strains isolated in jordan. | | 1957 | 13500160 |
| the behaviour of spirochaetes in lice with special reference to the negative phase. | | 1957 | 13511104 |
| [date on granules of spirochaeta. iii. antigenic properties of granules of spirochaeta of caucasian tick-borne recurrent typhus]. | | 1957 | 13531856 |
| [biochemical research on the structure of spirochaeta]. | | 1958 | 13534447 |
| [new material for the spirochete etiology of multiple sclerosis]. | | 1958 | 13537659 |
| [is multiple sclerosis a spirochetosis]. | | 1958 | 13561784 |
| failure to isolate spirochaeta myelophthora (steiner) from cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis. | | 1958 | 13591397 |
| [detection of spirochaeta refringens in the lymph nodes in human subjects]. | | 1958 | 13593092 |
| [experimental studies on spirochete antigens. i. biochemical analysis of structural elements of various spirochetes]. | | 1958 | 13604528 |
| inhibition of phosphofructokinases by copper(ii). | the biochemical inhibition by cu2+ on eight phylogenetically and biochemically different phosphofructokinases (pfks) was investigated. the enzymes screened included representatives from thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria, a hyperthermophilic archaeon and a eukaryote, covering all three phosphoryl donor subtypes (atp, adp and pyrophosphate). the sensitivities of the enzymes to cu2+ varied greatly, with the archaeal adp-pfk being the least and the eukaryote atp-pfk being the most sensitive. the ... | 2001 | 11287154 |
| treponema denticola cystalysin exhibits significant alanine racemase activity accompanied by transamination: mechanistic implications. | to obtain information on the reaction specificity of cystalysin from the spirochaete bacterium treponema denticola, the interaction with l- and d-alanine has been investigated. binding of both alanine enantiomers leads to the appearance of an external aldimine absorbing at 429 nm and of a band absorbing at 498 nm, indicative of a quinonoid species. racemization and transamination reactions were observed to occur with both alanine isomers as substrates. the steady-state kinetic parameters for rac ... | 2003 | 12519070 |
| adaptation of the lyme disease spirochaete to the mammalian host environment results in enhanced glycosaminoglycan and host cell binding. | the lyme disease spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted to mammals by ixodes ticks and can infect multiple tissues. host cell attachment may be critical for tissue colonization, and b. burgdorferi cultivated in vitro recognizes heparin- and dermatan sulphate-related glycosaminoglycans (gags) on the surface of mammalian cells. to determine whether growth of the spirochaete in the mammalian host alters gag binding, we assessed the cell attachment activities of b. burgdorferi grown in vi ... | 2003 | 12603746 |
| association of borrelia afzelii with rodents in europe. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) is maintained in nature by complex zoonotic transmission cycles, involving a large variety of vertebrates as hosts and hard ticks of the genus ixodes as vectors. recent studies suggest that the genospecies of b. burgdorferi s.l. and sometimes their subtypes are propagated by different spectra of hosts, mainly birds and rodents. in order to test the concept of host-association, we analysed the relationships between borrelia genospecies, rodent hosts and i. r ... | 2003 | 12613759 |
| construction and complementation of the first auxotrophic mutant in the spirochaete leptospira meyeri. | in bacteria, the first reaction of the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway involves the conversion of chorismate and glutamine to anthranilate by the action of anthranilate synthase, which is composed of the alpha (trpe gene product) and beta (trpg gene product) subunits. in this study, the tryptophan biosynthetic gene trpe of the spirochaete leptospira meyeri was interrupted by a kanamycin-resistance cassette by homologous recombination. the trpe double cross-over mutant was not able to grow on sol ... | 2003 | 12634337 |
| immunological and genetic characterization of borrelia burgdorferi bapa and eppa proteins. | a large majority of examined lyme disease spirochaete isolates were demonstrated to contain one or both of the paralogous genes bapa and eppa. immunological analyses of serum samples collected from infected patients coupled with comparative sequence analyses indicated that bapa gene sequences are quite stable but the encoded proteins do not provoke a strong immune response in most individuals. conversely, eppa proteins are much more antigenic but vary widely in sequence between different bacteri ... | 2003 | 12724373 |
| evaluation of selective media for the isolation of brachyspira aalborgi from human faeces. | the purposes of this study were to identify a solid medium that supports improved growth of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi, to modify this for use as a selective isolation medium and then to test the medium for its effectiveness in isolating b. aalborgi from patients' faeces. of the media evaluated, brain heart infusion agar (bhia) with 10 % bovine blood (bb) was the most effective base-supplement combination for growth, with colonies attaining 1.2 mm in diameter by 21 ... | 2003 | 12748271 |
| spirochaeta americana sp. nov., a new haloalkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic spirochaete isolated from soda mono lake in california. | a novel, obligately anaerobic, mesophilic, haloalkaliphilic spirochaete, strain aspg1(t), was isolated from sediments of the alkaline, hypersaline mono lake in california, usa. cells of the gram-negative strain were motile and spirochaete-shaped with sizes of 0.2-0.22 x 8-18 microm. growth of the strain was observed between 10 and 44 degrees c (optimum 37 degrees c), in 2-12% (w/v) nacl (optimum 3% nacl) and between ph 8 and 10.5 (optimum ph 9.5). the novel strain was strictly alkaliphilic, requ ... | 2003 | 12807206 |
| high 16s rdna bacterial diversity in glacial meltwater lake sediment, bratina island, antarctica. | the microbial diversity in maritime meltwater pond sediments from bratina island, ross sea, antarctica was investigated by 16s rdna-dependent molecular phylogeny. investigations of the vertical distribution, phylogenetic composition, and spatial variability of bacteria and archaea in the sediment were carried out. results revealed the presence of a highly diverse bacterial population and a significantly depth-related composition. assessment of 173 partial 16s rdna clones analyzed by amplified rd ... | 2003 | 12910387 |
| perspectives on the origin of microfilaments, microtubules, the relevant chaperonin system and cytoskeletal motors--a commentary on the spirochaete origin of flagella. | the origin of cytoskeleton and the origin of relevant intracellular transportation system are big problems for understanding the emergence of eukaryotic cells. the present article summarized relevant information of evidences and molecular traces on the origin of actin, tubulin, the chaperonin system for folding them, myosins, kinesins, axonemal dyneins and cytoplasmic dyneins. on this basis the authors proposed a series of works, which should be done in the future, and indicated the ways for rea ... | 2003 | 12974612 |
| [infectiousness of recurrens ticks according to trials with spirochaeta hispanica and ornithodorus moubata]. | | 1953 | 13103322 |
| the effects of single injections of soluble components of fusospirochetal materials in experimental animals. | | 1956 | 13286379 |
| nitrogen fixation by symbiotic and free-living spirochetes. | spirochetes from termite hindguts and freshwater sediments possessed homologs of a nitrogenase gene (nifh) and exhibited nitrogenase activity, a previously unrecognized metabolic capability in spirochetes. fixation of 15-dinitrogen was demonstrated with termite gut treponema zas-9 and free-living spirochaeta aurantia. homologs of nifh were also present in human oral and bovine ruminal treponemes. results implicate spirochetes in the nitrogen nutrition of termites, whose food is typically low in ... | 2001 | 11431569 |
| tubulinlike protein from spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis. | tubulin proteins are the fundamental subunits of all polymeric microtubule-based eukaryotic structures. long, hollow structures each composed of 13 protofilaments as revealed by electron microscopy, microtubules (240 angstroms in diameter) are nearly ubiquitous in eukaryotes. these proteins have been the subject of intense biochemical and biophysical interest since the early 1970s and are of evolutionary interest as well. if tubulin-based structures (i.e., neurotubules, mitotic spindle tubule ... | 1987 | 11536578 |
| tubulinlike protein from spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis. | tubulin proteins are the fundamental subunits of all polymeric microtubule-based eukaryotic structures. long, hollow structures each composed of 13 protofilaments as revealed by electron microscopy, microtubules (240 angstroms in diameter) are nearly ubiquitous in eukaryotes. these proteins have been the subject of intense biochemical and biophyiscal interest since the early 1970s and are of evolutionary interest as well. if tubulin-based structures (i.e., neurotubules, mitotic spindle tubule ... | 1987 | 11536579 |
| spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis sp. n. from a microbial mat community at laguna figueroa, baja california norte, mexico. | a new anaerobic spirochete was isolated from anaerobic muds beneath the laminated sediment in the evaporite flat at laguna figueroa, baja california norte, mexico. the organism is a member of the stratified microbial community involved in the deposition of the laminated sediments in the lagoon. the size of the spirochete is 0.3 by 30 micrometers, with a wave amplitude of 0.5 micrometer and a wavelength of 1.25 micrometers. the periplasmic flagella have a 1-2-1 arrangement. the outer membrane ... | 1985 | 11542001 |
| characterization of novel human oral isolates and cloned 16s rdna sequences that fall in the family coriobacteriaceae: description of olsenella gen. nov., reclassification of lactobacillus uli as olsenella uli comb. nov. and description of olsenella profusa sp. nov. | the diversity of organisms present in the subgingival pockets of patients with periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (anug) were examined previously. the 16s rrna genes of subgingival plaque bacteria were amplified using pcr with a universal forward primer and a spirochaete-selective reverse primer. the amplified dna was cloned into escherichia coli. in one subject with anug, 70 clones were sequenced. seventy-five per cent of the clones were spirochaetal, as expected. twelve ... | 2001 | 11594611 |
| [paul ehrlich (1854-1915) and his contacts with east european physicians at the time of testing the first chemioterapeutics]. | among numerous scientific contacts which paul ehrlich had with foreign scientists information about his contacts with east european scientists is very limited. the communiqué will deal with some of the particulars concerning ehrlich's co-operation with physicians from east europe directly before the practical application of the chemioterapeutics among others he was in touch with the russians: georgi n. gabryczewski, alexander a. władimirow and a finn julius iversen. the contacts originated durin ... | 1996 | 11619177 |
| interpreting 16s rdna t-rflp data: application of self-organizing maps and principal component analysis to describe community dynamics and convergence. | interpreting the large amount of data generated by rapid profiling techniques, such as t-rflp, dgge, and dna arrays, is a difficult problem facing microbial ecologists. this study compares the ability of two very different ordination methods, principal component analysis (pca) and self-organizing map neural networks (soms), to analyze 16s-dna terminal restriction-fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) profiles from microbial communities in glucose-fed methanogenic bioreactors during startup and c ... | 2001 | 12024232 |
| evaluation of large-intestinal parameters associated with dietary treatments designed to reduce the occurrence of swine dysentery. | diets containing soluble nsp (snsp) and resistant starch (rs) increase hindgut fermentation in pigs, which in turn increases the incidence of swine dysentery (sd) after infection with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. in the present study pigs were fed diets based on either wheat or sorghum, fed either raw or treated by extrusion, and/or with the addition of dietary enzymes to reduce rs and/or snsp content. the aim was to determine the effects of these treatments on pig perf ... | 2002 | 12144719 |
| conserved amplification of chemotactic responses through chemoreceptor interactions. | many bacteria concentrate their chemoreceptors at the cell poles. chemoreceptor location is important in escherichia coli, since chemosensory responses are sensitive to receptor proximity. it is not known, however, whether chemotaxis in other bacteria is similarly regulated. to investigate the importance of receptor-receptor interactions in other bacterial species, we synthesized saccharide-bearing multivalent ligands that are designed to cluster relevant chemoreceptors. as has been shown with e ... | 2002 | 12193613 |
| influence of in-feed zinc bacitracin and tiamulin treatment on experimental avian intestinal spirochaetosis caused by brachyspira intermedia. | thirty individually caged layer hens were inoculated with brachyspira intermedia, and 20 control birds remained unchallenged. birds received a diet containing 100 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb), and were monitored for 10 weeks. b. intermedia was recovered sporadically from five of the inoculated birds, and there were no significant effects on body weight, faecal water or egg production. znb was presumed to be indirectly inhibiting spirochaete growth, and when removed from the diet, 18 of the ... | 2002 | 12396352 |
| zinc bacitracin enhances colonization by the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli in experimentally infected layer hens. | brachyspira pilosicoli strain cpsp1 isolated from a chicken in a broiler breeder flock in queensland was used to experimentally infect 40 individually caged 22-week-old laying hens. another 10 birds were sham-inoculated with sterile broth. all chickens received a commercial layer diet, but 10 infected birds had 50 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb) incorporated in their food. birds were kept for 7 weeks, and faecal moisture, egg numbers, egg weights and body weights were recorded weekly. b. pilos ... | 2002 | 12396353 |
| evaluation of tiamulin and lincomycin for the treatment of broiler breeders experimentally infected with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli. | brachyspira pilosicoli strain cpsp1 isolated from a chicken in a broiler breeder flock in queensland was used to experimentally infect 30 individually caged 22-week-old cobb 500 broiler breeder hens. another 10 birds were sham-inoculated with sterile broth. all birds failed to become colonized. at 29 weeks of age, all birds were transferred to a diet containing 50 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb) and were re-challenged with the same b. pilosicoli strain at 32 weeks of age, weekly for 5 weeks. t ... | 2002 | 12396354 |
| immunological considerations of an antigenic fraction from cultures of spirochetes isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis cases: preliminary report. | | 1959 | 13617250 |
| [spirochete agglutination in the cerebrospinal fluid]. | | 1959 | 13619402 |
| [current status of spirochaete etiology of multiple sclerosis; borrelia findings in a case of multiple sclerosis]. | | 1958 | 13625985 |
| [new studies on antigen fractions of the syphilis-spirochaeta and their significance for lues diagnosis]. | | 1959 | 13655572 |
| [effect of vancomycin against spirochaeta and fusobacterium]. | | 1959 | 13670606 |
| carbohydrate metabolism in spirochaeta recurrentis. 1. the metabolism of spirochaetes in vivo and in vitro. | | 1960 | 13702570 |
| [problems of local incubation of spirochaeta pallida in syphilis in the rabbit]. | | 1961 | 13703895 |
| the behavior of spirochaeta recurrentis lebert in lice. | | 1960 | 13713008 |
| experimental transmission of borrelia anserina (sakharoff 1891) by aedes aegypti. | | 1961 | 13742160 |
| vibrio-like bacteria recovered from cultures of "spirochaeta myelophthora. | | 1960 | 13743304 |
| [experimental studies on spirochaete antigen-antibody reaction in the cornea]. | | 1960 | 13769727 |
| strains of spirochaetes isolated from ornithodoros zumpti heisch & guggisberg, and from wild rats in the cape province. a preliminary note. | | 1961 | 13788963 |
| [immunity phenomena in recurrent spirochetoses]. | | 1960 | 13809092 |
| [a new method of identification of recurrent spirochetes. the mouse protection test in the course of mixed spirochete and trypanosoma infection]. | | 1960 | 13826143 |
| [attenuation to the note on the test for the identification of spirochaeta recurrentis]. | | 1959 | 13826145 |
| are spirochaetes bacteria or protozoa? | | 1959 | 13837780 |
| [non-occurrence of spirochetes in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis]. | | 1960 | 13848202 |
| [critical checking of spirochete findings in multiple sclerosis]. | | 1959 | 13852488 |
| [structure of pathogenic spirochetes under electric microscopy]. | | 1959 | 13854778 |
| neurologic manifestations of spirochetal infections. | | 1962 | 13859827 |
| [2d observation of spirochaeta sanguicole in the dog in algeria]. | | 1961 | 13864859 |
| spirochetal infection of the canaliculus. | | 1961 | 13878424 |
| [biochemical and antigenetic studies on spirochaeta]. | | 1962 | 13907133 |
| specific granular lesions associated with intestinal spirochaetosis. | | 1962 | 13911693 |
| attempted cultivation of spirochaeta myelophthora and a test of the validity of the complement-fixation test in multiple sclerosis. | | 1962 | 13926112 |
| experiments with spirochaeta tillae zumpt and organ. | | 1962 | 13953490 |
| spirochaetal abscesses in hamster cheek pouch. | | 1961 | 13974177 |
| inhibition of the "mineralocorticoid" activity of licorice by spironolactone. | | 1962 | 13991036 |
| [on the significance of wassermann reaction performed with protein fractions of reiter's spirochaeta and antigens exposed to sound in sero-resistant syphilis]. | | 1962 | 14035961 |
| colonial growth of anaerobic spirochetes on solid media. | hardy, paul h., jr. (the johns hopkins university school of medicine, baltimore, md.), young c. lee, and e. ellen nell. colonial growth of anaerobic spirochetes on solid media. j. bacteriol. 86:616-626. 1963.-a total of 14 strains of treponemes and one of borrelia vincentii were cultivated as colonies on agar plates inoculated under ordinary atmospheric conditions, but incubated anaerobically. every spirochete strain produced diffuse colonies with growth located primarily in the agar; in additio ... | 1963 | 14066453 |
| fluorescence microscopy in dermatology. | | 1963 | 14066596 |
| [experience in the use of television microscopy for demonstration of microorganisms]. | | 1963 | 14073937 |
| [experience in the eradication of a focus of tick-borne spirochetosis]. | | 1963 | 14085051 |