| molecular cloning of a cdna for rat hepatic glutaminase. sequence similarity to kidney-type glutaminase. | mammalian liver possesses a unique isozyme of phosphate-activated glutaminase which plays an important role in the regulation of glutamine catabolism. antibodies to hepatic glutaminase were used to screen a lambda gt11 rat liver cdna library. one cdna to hepatic glutaminase was identified. changes in the relative abundance of hepatic glutaminase mrna were determined by hybridization to this cdna. the mrna is found only in liver; it is not present prior to birth but its abundance increases dramat ... | 1990 | 2191954 |
| cardiac dysfunction in a rat model of chronic bacteremia. | cardiac function was examined in vivo and in vitro in rats to determine if cardiac dysfunction could be demonstrated in a nonlethal model of infection. bacteremic rats (n = 6) had a subcutaneous polymicrobial abscess produced via repeated inoculations of an encapsulated foreign body with escherichia coli, bacteroides fragilis, and staphylococcus aureus while control rats (n = 6) had the same subcutaneous, encapsulated foreign body (an inflammatory focus) but were not inoculated with bacteria. ca ... | 1990 | 2192813 |
| unexpected hyperactivity of myocardial adenylate cyclase system in endotoxic male rats. | ventricle beta-adrenoceptors have been investigated and serum steroid levels determined in male rats injected intravenously with lipopolysaccharide from e. coli (lps) under light anesthesia. two series of doses were successively studied: 1) 2 and 3 mg.kg-1 and 2) 1 and 4 mg.kg-1, each including controls. the second series was carried out owing to the unexpected results of the first one. homogeneity of the two series was tested. experiments were performed at hr 4 after injection, a time previousl ... | 1990 | 2192814 |
| 19f nuclear magnetic resonance studies of 6-fluorotryptophan-substituted rat cellular retinol binding protein ii produced in escherichia coli. an analysis of four tryptophan substitution mutants and their interactions with all-trans-retinol. | rat cellular retinol binding protein (crbp ii) is a 134-amino acid intracellular protein synthesized in the polarized absorptive cells of the intestine. we have previously used 19f nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy to survey the structural effects of ligand binding on the apoprotein. for these studies, all 4 trp residues of rat crbp ii were efficiently labeled with 6-fluorotryptophan (6-f-trp) by inducing its expression in a tryptophan auxotroph of escherichia coli. resonances corres ... | 1990 | 2195021 |
| characterization of epidermal growth factor receptors on plasma membranes isolated from rat gastric mucosa. | the binding of human epidermal growth factor (hegf), beta-urogastrone, to plasma membranes isolated from rat gastric mucosa was studied to characterize gastric egf receptors. the binding of [125i]hegf was temperature dependent, reversible, and saturable. a single class of binding sites for egf with a dissociation constant of 0.42 nm and maximal binding capacity of 42 fmol/mg protein was suggested. there was little change in the binding of [125i]hegf upon addition of peptide hormones (secretin, i ... | 1990 | 2195496 |
| mutagenicity and genotoxicity of ethylvinyl ketone in bacterial tests. | the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of ethylvinyl ketone were investigated. this alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound is widely distributed in the environment, in particular in food. whereas ethylvinyl ketone shows only weak genotoxicity in the sos chromotest with escherichia coli pq37, it was distinctly mutagenic per se in the salmonella preincubation assay with ta100. using skf 525 (an inhibitor of microsomal monooxygenase) and trichloropropene oxide (an inhibitor of epoxide hydrolase) we ... | 1990 | 2199554 |
| development and reversal of endotoxemia and endotoxin-related death in obstructive jaundice. | gut-derived endotoxemia has been implicated in postoperative complications in patients with jaundice. it is thought that absence of bile in the gut predisposes to portal absorption of endotoxin and endotoxemia is reversed by oral bile salt replacement or internal biliary drainage and return of bile to the gut, but not by external drainage. we believe that the importance of gastrointestinal bile flow has been overestimated and biliary obstruction and the integrity of hepatocyte and kupffer cell f ... | 1990 | 2200158 |
| t2 of endotoxin lung injury with and without methylprednisolone treatment. | nmr relaxation times (t1 and t2) and the water content (wc) of in vitro rat lungs were measured during the course of endotoxin lung injury in rats. measurements of normal lungs, untreated endotoxin-injured lungs, and endotoxin-injured lungs treated with methylprednisolone (mpsl) were compared. the untreated endotoxin lungs showed prolongation of the fast and slow t2 components (t2f and t2s), but no significant changes in t1 or water content. also, there was no correlation between 1/wc and relaxa ... | 1990 | 2202880 |
| inhibition of pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthetase by sulfa drugs. | a new reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography assay procedure for dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) that involves the elution of the enzyme incubation solution with a series of three solvents of decreasing polarity (ammonium phosphate buffer, 10% methanol, and 50% methanol) was designed. by this procedure dhps was detected in escherichia coli and pneumocystis carinii with specific activities of 450 and 14 u/mg, respectively. a comparison of the effects of five sulfa drugs on p. carini ... | 1990 | 2203302 |
| ligand-specific transactivation of gene expression by a derivative of the human glucocorticoid receptor expressed in yeast. | in this study we have reconstituted transactivation of gene expression by the human glucocorticoid receptor in the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. we have expressed the c-terminal half of the human glucocorticoid receptor (residues 415-777), the smallest derivative that can be expected to function as a ligand-dependent activator of transcription, in yeast cells. the function of the expressed protein has been assayed using a reporter gene consisting of the beta-galactosidase gene from escherichi ... | 1990 | 2203760 |
| prostaglandins mediate skeletal muscle arteriole dilation in hyperdynamic bacteremia. | live escherichia coli bacteremia during the high cardiac output (hyperdynamic) phase of sepsis causes constriction of large arterioles but dilation of small arterioles in skeletal muscle. this study examines the role of dilator prostaglandins, serotonin, and histamine in these differential microvascular responses in the decerebrate rat that avoids the effects of drug anesthesia. topical application of meclofenamate, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, to the cremaster muscle 60 min after induct ... | 1990 | 2204277 |
| cdna from rat cells with reconstitutive galactose-epimerase activity in e. coli. | | 1990 | 2205840 |
| marked nitrosation by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide in ascorbic acid-deficient rats. | marked formation of n-nitrosothioproline (n-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) by stimulation with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) was demonstrated in ascorbic acid-deficient mutant rats (osteogenic disorder syndrome rats; ods rats) unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. the amounts of urinary nitrate and n-nitrosothioproline excretion after thioproline administration was measured in ods rats with and without ascorbic acid supplement before and after the injection of lps. lps caused m ... | 1990 | 2208602 |
| effect of cyclosporin on generalized shwartzman reaction in diabetic rats. | the effect of cyclosporin (csa) on the endotoxin-induced generalized shwartzman reaction (gsr) was studied in diabetic and nondiabetic rats. after 4.5 wk of diabetes, csa (20 mg/kg) or intralipid as a control substance was given intraperitoneally daily for 10 days. next, diabetic rats were given either high-dose (2 mg/kg or low-dose (0.1 mg/kg) endotoxin (escherichia coli 026:b6 lipopolysaccharide b) as a single injection. the rats were killed at intervals of 1, 4, 8, and 24 h. no significant gl ... | 1990 | 2210064 |
| role of endotoxaemia in the development of hepatic failure following hepatic artery occlusion. | the present study was undertaken to examine whether endotoxemia relates to the development of hepatic failure following surgical ligation or embolization of the hepatic artery. a small amount of endotoxin was given immediately or 1 week after hepatic artery ligation in rats, and liver function tests and morphological examination of the liver were performed at 24 h after the administration. hepatic artery ligation alone or endotoxin administration alone did not induce functional and morphological ... | 1990 | 2213373 |
| altered hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in endotoxic rats. | rat hepatic mitochondrial function, including oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidative capacity, kinetic parameters of carnitine palmitoyltransferase i (cpt i), and sensitivity of cpt i to malonyl-coa inhibition were studied in vitro in isolated mitochondria following escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). the hepatic mitochondrial cpt i in lps-treated rats showed a lower apparent maximum velocity (vmax) for palmitoyl-coa and ki for malonyl-coa without changes in apparent km for palmi ... | 1990 | 2221051 |
| loss of vascular responsiveness induced by endotoxin involves l-arginine pathway. | the involvement of l-arginine-dependent nitric oxide (no) production in the vascular failure observed in endotoxemia was investigated in male wistar rats treated with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). contractile responses to norepinephrine (ne) were measured ex vivo in aortas isolated from rats treated with lps (20 mg/kg ip, 4 h before experiments) and pressor responses to ne were recorded in vivo in rats infused with lps (5 mg.kg-1.h-1 iv). lps pretreatment induced a rightward shift o ... | 1990 | 2221111 |
| the process of microbial translocation. | the process of microbial translocation was studied using candida albicans, escherichia coli, or endotoxin instilled into thiry-vella loops of thermally injured guinea pigs and rats. translocation of c. albicans occurred by direct penetration of enterocytes by a unique process different from classical phagocytosis. translocation between enterocytes was not observed. internalization was associated with a disturbance of the plasma membrane and brush border, but most internalized organisms were not ... | 1990 | 2222015 |
| construction of a bifunctional escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (stb)-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein. | a fusion between the genes encoding the escherichia coli stb heat-stable enterotoxin (estb) and alkaline phosphatase (phoa) was constructed, and the expressed protein product was characterized. the stb-alkaline phosphatase protein (stb-phoa) had an apparent molecular mass of 50,000 daltons and was detected with both monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase and polyclonal anti-stb antibodies. expression of the gene fusion resulted in high-level production of alkaline phosphatase activity, indicating ... | 1990 | 2228236 |
| an experimental model of chronic osteomyelitis caused by escherichia coli treated with cefotaxime. | an experimental model in wistar rats, of osteomyelitis caused by escherichia coli, was used to evaluate the efficacy of cefotaxime in two treatment regimens of different durations. four groups of rats were set up: a group of rats receiving short-term treatment (14 days) with subcutaneous cefotaxime (100 mg bd), killed after 56 days; a control group receiving no treatment, killed after 56 days; a group of rats undergoing long-term treatment (28 days) with subcutaneous cefotaxime as above, killed ... | 1990 | 2228840 |
| presequence does not prevent folding of a purified mitochondrial precursor protein and is essential for association with a reticulocyte cytosolic factor(s). | ornithine carbamoyltransferase (otc; subunit, 36,000 da) [ec 2.1.3.3] is initially synthesized as a precursor (potc) with a transient nh2-terminal presequence of 32 amino acid residues, then is imported posttranslationally nto the mitochondrial matrix. we expressed rat potc in escherichia coli, purified it in a denatured form, and showed that could be transported into isolated mitochondria in the presence of rabbit reticulocyte lysate [murakami et al. (1988) j. biol. chem. 263, 18437-18442]. in ... | 1990 | 2229023 |
| [effect of weak direct current with silver electrodes on bacterial growth]. | the author studied the effect of weak direct current on bacterial growth in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, electric current was applied 20 or 100 micro a/cm2 of direct current using electrode of carbon, silver or platinum. its inhibitory effect was observed on the growth curve of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa in the anode bath respectively. a silk thread that adsorbed staphylococcus aureus was inserted into the intramedullary space of the tibia of wistar rats t ... | 1990 | 2230434 |
| altered ketone body metabolism during gram-negative sepsis in the rat. | to investigate why blood ketone bodies are depressed during sepsis, the production and utilization of ketone bodies was studied in fasted control, fasted, escherichia coli-treated, fed control, and fed e coli-treated rats. gram-negative sepsis was induced by intravenous (iv) injection of 8 x 10(7) live colonies of e coli per 100 g body weight. food was removed from the fasted rats after e coli injection. fed rats were infused intragastrically with a nutritionally adequate diet for 5 days before ... | 1990 | 2233276 |
| oxy radicals in disseminated intravascular coagulation. | | 1990 | 2233324 |
| effects of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on nitrate synthesis and on nitrosation of proline in rats. | male ola:sd rats were fed purified diets containing 5 or 20% lactalbumin as the protein source, with or without concomitant administration of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (50-250 micrograms/kg, ip), and changes in 24-hr urinary nitrate excretion, plasma urea, plasma-nitrate pool size and 24-hr urinary nitrosoproline excretion were measured. urinary nitrate and urinary 14c-nitrosoproline excretion (after oral [14c]proline administration) were significantly greater for rats receiving the hi ... | 1990 | 2242828 |
| spermidine biosynthesis in saccharomyces cerevisiae. biosynthesis and processing of a proenzyme form of s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. | we have cloned and sequenced the saccharomyces cerevisiae gene for s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. this enzyme contains covalently bound pyruvate which is essential for enzymatic activity. we have shown that this enzyme is synthesized as a mr 46,000 proenzyme which is then cleaved post-translationally to form two polypeptide chains: a beta subunit (mr 10,000) from the amino-terminal portion and an alpha subunit (mr 36,000) from the carboxyl-terminal portion. the protein was overexpressed in ... | 1990 | 2266128 |
| ureteric catheterization in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis--an experimental evaluation. | experimental models of renal infections have been used to determine the accuracy with which the cellular and microbiologic components of ureteric and voided urine reflected the pathologic status of the kidney in pyelonephritis. in acute pyelonephritis, the composition of the ureteric urine reflected the pathologic status of the kidney, although in a few cases ureteric samples were either sterile or cell free. animals with chronic pyelonephritis in which the lesions were either infected or steril ... | 1990 | 2266666 |
| expression of rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein in e. coli and its subsequent structural analysis: a model system for studying the molecular details of fatty acid-protein interaction. | a prokaryotic expression vector containing the rec a promoter and a translational enhancer element from the gene 10 leader of bacteriophage t7 was used to direct efficient synthesis of rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein (i-fabp) in e. coli. expression of i-fabp in e. coli has no apparent, deleterious effects on the organism. high levels of expression of i-fabp mrna in supe+ strains of e. coli, such as jm101, is associated with suppression of termination at its uga stop codon. this can be ... | 1990 | 2266973 |
| translation of preprochymosin in vitro. evidence for folding of prochymosin to the native conformation. | 1. the cdna coding for preprochymosin has been sub-cloned into the transcription/translation vector pgem-3z, the t7 promoter used to transcribe the gene and the product expressed in an 'in vitro' cell-free system comprising rabbit reticulocyte lysate and dog pancreatic microsomes. 2. translations in various conditions, and analyses of the translation product in reducing and non-reducing conditions, indicate that oxidizing translation conditions and the cleavage of the n-terminal 'pre-' sequence ... | 1990 | 2268293 |
| muramyl dipeptide improves mononuclear phagocyte system function in obstructive jaundice. | previous studies have demonstrated depression of the mononuclear phagocyte system (mps) of which the liver comprises 80-85% in animals subjected to 21 days of obstructive jaundice. this study examined the ability of a macrophage stimulant, muramyl dipeptide (mdp), to reverse mps dysfunction in an obstructive jaundice rat model. sixty-two male sprague-dawley rats underwent sham (n = 29) laparotomy or common duct ligation (cdl) (n = 33) and were studied after 21 days. animals were injected with 1- ... | 1990 | 2314099 |
| glucose phosphorylation in tumor cells. cloning, sequencing, and overexpression in active form of a full-length cdna encoding a mitochondrial bindable form of hexokinase. | in rapidly growing tumor cells exhibiting high glucose catabolic rates, the enzyme hexokinase is markedly elevated and bound in large amounts (50-80% of the total cell activity) to the outer mitochondrial membrane (arora, k.k., and pedersen, p.l. (1988) j. biol. chem. 263, 17422-17428; parry, d.m., and pedersen, p.l. (1983) j. biol. chem. 258, 10904-10912). in extending these studies, we have isolated a cdna clone of hexokinase from a lambda gt11 library of the highly glycolytic, c37 mouse hepat ... | 1990 | 2318862 |
| construction, expression, and preliminary characterization of chimeric class mu glutathione s-transferases with altered catalytic properties. | an expression plasmid for isoenzyme 3-3 of rat liver glutathione s-transferase has been constructed from the cdna clone pgta/c44 and the pas expression vector pmg27ns, and used for the efficient production of the enzyme in the escherichia coli strain m5219. the plasmid has also been manipulated, through the use of synthetic linkers, to encode chimeric polypeptides in which short sequences of the closely related isoenzyme 4-4 have been substituted into the n-terminal and c-terminal variable domai ... | 1990 | 2328284 |
| the primary structure of rat ribosomal protein s16. | the amino acid sequence of rat ribosomal protein s16 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cdna and confirmed from the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. s16 contains 145 amino acids (the nh2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mrna) and has a molecular mass of 16,304. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 11-13 copies of the s16 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 700 nucleotides in length. rat s ... | 1990 | 2332055 |
| the gene sequence and some properties of protein h. a novel igg-binding protein. | the gene for protein h, a novel bacterial cell wall protein with specific affinity for human igg fc, was cloned from a group a streptococcus and expressed in escherichia coli. recombinant e. coli cells produced two forms of a human igg fc-binding protein, one with an apparent mr of 42 kda in a periplasmic fraction and the other with an apparent mr of 45 kda in a mixed fraction of cytoplasms and membranes. both 42-kda and 45-kda protein preparations similarly bound to human igg1 to igg4, human ig ... | 1990 | 2332638 |
| human carboxypeptidase e. isolation and characterization of the cdna, sequence conservation, expression and processing in vitro. | carboxypeptidase e (cpe), which cleaves c-terminal amino acid residues and is involved in neuropeptide processing, is itself subject to intracellular processing. human cpe cdna was isolated and sequence comparisons were made with those of a previously isolated brain cdna (m1622) encoding rat cpe and of other human carboxypeptidases (m and n). human (2.5 kb) and rat (2.1 kb) cpe cdnas approximated to the size of their respective mrnas; additional sequences were located in putative 5' and 3' untra ... | 1990 | 2334405 |
| nitrate biosynthesis in rats, ferrets and humans. precursor studies with l-arginine. | l-arginine, the primary nitrogen source for nitric oxide synthesized by many cell types in culture and for biosynthesized nitrate in humans, is also a nitrogen source for biosynthesized nitrate in rats and ferrets. after administration of [15n2]l-arginine to rats and ferrets, [15n]no3- was detected in urine. escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide induced more than a 10-fold increase in urinary nitrate in rats and a parallel increase in incorporation of 15n from [15n2]l-arginine into no3-. bradykini ... | 1990 | 2335012 |
| therapeutic studies of cefepime (bmy 28142) in murine meningitis and pharmacokinetics in neonatal rats. | cefepime (bmy 28142) was compared with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and moxalactam for efficacy in treating experimental meningitis in mice and neonatal rats. mice were infected intracranially with streptococcus pneumoniae, s. agalactiae, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa and treated intramuscularly. five- to eight-day-old neonatal rats were injected intracisternally with haemophilus influenzae, s. pneumoniae, and s. agalactiae and treated int ... | 1990 | 2360814 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha production of influenza a virus-infected macrophages and potentiating effect of lipopolysaccharides. | influenza a virus infections are commonly associated with symptoms that suggest involvement of tnf-alpha. in this study, we exposed human monocytes, rat alveolar macrophages, and murine pu5-1.8 macrophages to influenza a virus, strain puerto rico 8. we observed a productive infection that was accompanied by tnf-alpha mrna accumulation, tnf-alpha release and subsequent cell death. tnf-alpha production was dependent on exposure to live virus, in contrast to ifn release that was also induced by uv- ... | 1990 | 2391423 |
| schistosoma mansoni: cloning of antigen gene sequences in escherichia coli. | fischer rat protective antiserum (f-2x) prepared from schistosoma mansoni-infected rats was used to screen an adult worm cdna library constructed in a lambda gt11 bacteriophage expression vector. this led to the isolation of several clones yielding proteins reactive with antibodies in the infection serum. counter-screening of these clones with wistar-furth rat nonprotective antiserum (w-2x) enabled identification of clones either uniquely or preferentially reacting with f-2x, in addition to clon ... | 1990 | 2403933 |
| isolation and structural characterization of a cdna clone encoding the human dna repair protein for o6-alkylguanine. | o6-methylguanine-dna methyltransferase (mgmt; dna-o6-methylguanine:protein-l-cysteine s-methyltransferase, ec 2.1.1.63), a unique dna repair protein present in most organisms, removes the carcinogenic and mutagenic adduct o6-alkylguanine from dna by stoichiometrically accepting the alkyl group on a cysteine residue in a suicide reaction. the mammalian protein is highly regulated in both somatic and germ-line cells. in addition, the toxicity of certain alkylating drugs in tumor and normal cells i ... | 1990 | 2405387 |
| expression of human parathyroid hormone in escherichia coli. | human parathyroid hormone (hpth) is a peptide hormone consisting of 84 amino acids. using the expression plasmid pkk223-3 with the strong tacpromoter, we have produced a variant of hpth in e. coli. from the expression plasmid construct the expected product was hpth with an n-terminal extension of met-gly. the peptide was extracted from e. coli cells and purified by high performance liquid chromatography. in two different gel electrophoresis systems including identification by immunoblotting the ... | 1990 | 2405851 |
| plant cytosolic ribosomal protein s11 and chloroplast ribosomal protein cs17. their primary structures and evolutionary relationships. | we have isolated cdna clones specific for arabidopsis thaliana cytosolic ribosomal protein s11 and plastid ribosomal protein cs17, both of which are encoded in the nuclear genome, through the use of the corresponding soybean and pea cdnas as probes, respectively. the nucleotide sequences of all four cdnas were determined. the amino acid sequences derived from these cdna sequences show that the soybean and a. thaliana s11 cdnas encode proteins that are homologous to rat ribosomal protein s11 and ... | 1990 | 2406240 |
| analysis of clathrin light chain-heavy chain interactions using truncated mutants of rat liver light chain lcb3. | clathrin light chains are extended molecules located along the proximal segment of each of the three heavy chain legs of a clathrin trimer. all mammalian light chains share a central segment with 10 repeated heptad motifs believed to mediate the interaction with clathrin heavy chains. in order to test this model in more detail, we have expressed intact rat liver clathrin light chain lcb3 in escherichia coli and find that it binds tightly to calf clathrin heavy chains. using a set of expressed tr ... | 1990 | 2406259 |
| comparison of biological and immunological activities of human monocyte-derived interleukin 1 beta and human recombinant interleukin 1 beta. | recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (rhil-1 beta) and supernatants of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides-stimulated human monocyte (mo) cultures, containing native human il-1 beta (nhil-1 beta), demonstrate significant differences when tested in the mouse co-stimulatory thymocyte (lymphocyte activating factor [laf]) assay. the aims of the present study were to investigate this characteristic difference between rhil-1 beta and mo culture supernatants (mo supernatants), and to compare the biolo ... | 1990 | 2408138 |
| bacterial adherence and hemolysin production from escherichia coli induces histamine and leukotriene release from various cells. | we investigated the role of bacterial adherence and hemolysin production from escherichia coli parent and genetically cloned strains as to their effects on histamine release from rat mast cells and leukotriene generation from human polymorphonuclear granulocytes. these mediators were involved in the induction of inflammatory disease processes and led, for example, to enhancement of vascular permeability, chemotaxis (leukotriene b4 [ltb4]), chemoaggregation, lysosomal enzyme release, and smooth m ... | 1985 | 2412960 |
| regulation of natural killer cell activity and interferon production in the rat lung following aerosol challenge. | high levels of natural cytotoxicity were detected in vitro in cells from the lung interstitium of the rat following collagenase digestion of lung tissue. in contrast, alveolar cells exhibited negligible levels of natural cytotoxicity and furthermore suppressed the natural cytotoxicity of interstitial lung leukocytes. this suppression was alleviated following in vivo administration of indomethacin. the natural cytotoxicity of cells from both the lung and spleen was transiently suppressed followin ... | 1985 | 2414231 |
| the induction and characterization of rat liver stearyl-coa desaturase mrna. | poly(a+) rna isolated from livers of rats induced for stearyl-coa desaturase contains elevated levels of mrna for this enzyme which is translated in a rabbit reticulocyte system. the protein is immunologically and by peptide fingerprinting following staphylococcus aureus v8 protease digestion identical to the isolated enzyme and, therefore, not synthesized in a detectable larger precursor form. the desaturase mrna is selectively translated on free cytoplasmic polysomes from rat liver and represe ... | 1985 | 2414298 |
| simultaneous purification of three mitochondrial enzymes. acetylglutamate kinase, acetylglutamyl-phosphate reductase and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase from neurospora crassa. | the early enzymes of arginine biosynthesis in neurospora crassa are localized in the mitochondrion and catalyze the conversion of glutamate to citrulline. the final conversion of citrulline to arginine occurs via two enzymatic steps in the cytoplasm. we have devised a method for the isolation and purification of three of the mitochondrial arginine biosynthetic enzymes from a single extract. acetylglutamate kinase and acetylglutamyl-phosphate reductase (both products of the complex arg-6 locus) w ... | 1986 | 2420793 |
| the human 18s ribosomal rna gene: evolution and stability. | we report the 1,870-base-pair primary sequence of a human 18s rrna gene and propose a secondary structure based on this sequence and the general mammalian structure. a basic secondary structure for the small subunit rrna has been preserved throughout evolution by compensatory and neutral base changes in double-stranded regions. the molecule contains eight regions that can vary in structure and that comprise 432 bases, while 1,438 bases belong to regions of conserved structure among all species t ... | 1986 | 2422931 |
| protection of rats against cholera toxin and cholera-like enterotoxins by immunization with enteric-coated cholera toxin. | pure cholera toxin (ct) given as a booster in enteric-coated tablets to rats produced a humoral and intestinal immune response similar to the result of instilling the boosting dose of ct directly into the duodenum. this method protects the antigen against gastric acid and allows delivery of the immunogen to intestinal mucosa, an essential step in producing intestinal secretory iga. immunization gave protection against pure ct during intestinal perfusion but also significantly protected against t ... | 1986 | 2430511 |
| reduced rbc versus plasma microvascular flow due to endotoxin. | the microvascular circuits traversed by red blood cells (rbcs) and plasma from first-order arterioles to first-order venules are complicated by variations in hemodynamic, rheologic, and dimensional parameters. escherichia coli endotoxin causes microcirculatory derangements expected to alter rbc and plasma transport through these circuits. wistar male rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital; the left cremaster muscle was spread over an optical port in a krebs solution bath and administered endo ... | 1986 | 2430730 |
| [preparation and characterization of specific antisera directed against different polypeptide domains encoded by the c-myc oncogene for studying the expression of this gene introduced into quail or rat cells]. | by using bacterial expression vectors, we have prepared antisera directed against two polypeptidic domains encoded by exons 2 and 3 of the human c-myc oncogene. these antisera which detect specifically the human c-myc proteins allow us to analyse the expression of human c-myc gene activated by retroviral sequences and introduced in quail embryo cells (qec) or in established rat embryo fibroblastic cell line (208 f). although human myc mrna are expressed in the two cell types, the p64/p67 human c ... | 1986 | 2433006 |
| structure-activity relationship of gramicidin s analogues on membrane permeability. | the previous study of the action of gramicidin s on bacteria (katsu, t., kobayashi, h. and fujita, y. (1986) biochim. biophys. acta 860, 608-619) prompted us to investigate further the structure-activity relationship of the gramicidin s analogues on membrane permeability. two types of the gramicidin s analogues were used in the present study: (1) cyclo(-x-d-leu-d-lys-d-leu-l-pro-)2, where x = gly, d-leu and d-cyclohexylalanine (d-chxala); (2) n,n'-diacetyl derivative of gramicidin s (diacetyl-gr ... | 1987 | 2437956 |
| frameshift mutagenesis by chloroquine in escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium. | chloroquine can be detected as a direct-acting mutagen in plate-incorporation assays using the excision-deficient salmonella typhimurium strain ta97, but very much more effectively using the repair-proficient escherichia coli strain dg1669 which carries the lacz19124 marker. when tested at concentrations of 200-1000 micrograms/plate with strain dg1669, the mutagenicity of chloroquine is enhanced by the addition of aroclor-induced rat-liver s9. further experiments indicated that chloroquine-induc ... | 1987 | 2446128 |
| functional activities of monoclonal antibodies to the o side chain of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides in vitro and in vivo. | mouse hybridoma antibodies (igg and igm) to o side chain determinants of escherichia coli strain bort (o18ac:k1:h7) were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo activities against e. coli strains. both igg and igm were opsonic in vitro and protected newborn rats challenged with a k1 e. coli strain, but their activities were strain specific. the antibodies protected against a k1 strain possessing a homologous o serotype but not against one possessing a heterologous o serotype. these antibodies w ... | 1988 | 2447199 |
| endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats is not mediated by prekallikrein activation. | to test whether endotoxin decreases blood pressure acutely in rats by activating the plasma kinin-forming system, plasma kallikrein activity was determined in different experimental settings of endotoxemia. conscious normotensive rats were infused for 45 min with endotoxin (lps e. coli 0111:b4) at a dose (0.01 mg/min) which had no effect on blood pressure. additional rats were infused with the vehicle of endotoxin. plasma prekallikrein activity was measured at the end of the 45 min infusions. in ... | 1987 | 2448054 |
| semisoluble aminated glucan: long-term efficacy against an intraperitoneal e. coli challenge and its effect on formation of abdominal adhesions. | the first part of this study in the rat was designed to assess the immediate and, in particular, the long-term effects of semisoluble aminated glucan (sag) with regard to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) e. coli challenge and side-effects. the severity of the e. coli peritonitis was evaluated by quantification of the concomitant bacteremia. the animals randomly received either 10 ml normal saline i.p. (controls) or 10 ml (50 mg) sag i.p. (experimental groups). it was found that sag had no immediate pro ... | 1987 | 2448853 |
| molecular cloning of cdna for rat liver general acyl coa dehydrogenase and homology between the rat liver and pig kidney enzymes. | cdna clone for general acyl coa dehydrogenase (gad) was isolated from a rat liver cdna expression library in lambda gt11 using anti-pig kidney gad antibody. size of the isolated cdna was estimated to be 1.5-1.6 kb. by immunological analysis of fusion protein and epitope selection, the cdna clone was identified as that containing the gad gene. partial amino acid sequence deduced from nucleotide sequence of the cdna coincided with that of the pig kidney enzyme. the antibody cross-reacted with rat ... | 1987 | 2449213 |
| escherichia coli-specific t lymphocytes in experimental pyelonephritis. | we have assessed the phenotype and specificity of infiltrating mononuclear cells in a model of unilateral ascending acute pyelonephritis induced in rats with nephritogenic escherichia coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa. histologic examination showed a predominance of mononuclear cells in the interstitium at all periods examined (4, 8, 15, 21, and 25 days), although at 4 and 8 days neutrophils were also abundant. most of the mononuclear cells had the morphologic appearance of large lymphocytes. immun ... | 1988 | 2459249 |
| induction of histamine release from rat mast cells and human basophilic granulocytes by clinical escherichia coli isolates and relation to hemolysin production and adhesin expression. | we investigated the role of 27 disease-relevant escherichia coli strains isolated from humans in the induction of histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and human basophilic granulocytes. our data indicated that only the hemolysin-positive (hly+) bacteria and the hemolysin-positive culture supernatants induced histamine release. for the latter, the hemolysin activity determined the degree of histamine secretion. incubation of the target cells with washed hly+ bacteria revealed a differ ... | 1988 | 2460497 |
| endotoxin shock influence the biosynthesis of free nucleotides and rna in rat adrenals. | | 1988 | 2463775 |
| the use of thioglycolate to distinguish between 3' ap (apurinic/apyrimidinic) endonucleases and ap lyases. | addition of thioglycolate and deae-sephadex chromatography were used to analyze the cleavage of the c(3')-o-p bond 3' to ap (apurinic/apyrimidinic) sites in dna and to distinguish between a mechanism of hydrolysis (which would allow the nicking enzyme to be called 3' ap endonuclease) or beta-elimination (so that the nicking enzyme should be called ap lyase). for this purpose, dna labelled in the ap sites was first cleaved by rat-liver ap endonuclease, then with the 3' nicking catalyst in the pre ... | 1989 | 2475855 |
| vasodepression ex vivo after administration of inflammatory mediators in vivo in the rat. | when rats were pretreated by intraplantar or i.v. injection of various inflammatory mediators, the vasopressor effect of i.a. norepinephrine in the subsequently isolated perfused hindlegs of the rats was found to be partly depressed. this vasodepression could also be detected if mediators were directly co-perfused in the isolated hindlegs. the vasodepressor effect was strongest following histamine pretreatment and co-perfusion, respectively, whereas endotoxin 0111:b4, paf-acether, pge1, and ltd4 ... | 1989 | 2476918 |
| template specificities of aclacinomycin b on the inhibition of dna-dependent rna synthesis in vitro. | the effect of aclacinomycin b (acm-b), an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, on the dna-dependent rna synthesis using single- and double-stranded dnas of known base content and sequence is studied. the data show that acm-b effectively inhibits the double-stranded dna-directed rna synthesis with a preference of poly[d(a-t)] greater than poly[d(g-c)] greater than poly[d(i-c)]. in contrast, it has no inhibitory effect on the template function of single-stranded dna (e.g. poly da, poly dt, and poly ... | 1989 | 2481810 |
| an in situ transgenic enzyme marker for the midgestation mouse embryo and the visualization of inner cell mass clones during early organogenesis. | in order to study the deployment of cells during gastrulation and early organogenesis, it is necessary to have an in situ cell marker which can be used to follow cell fate. to create such a marker a transgenic mouse strain, designated tg(act-lac z)-1, which carries 6 copies of the escherichia coli lac z gene under the control of the rat beta-actin promoter, was made by pronuclear injection of dna. staining early postimplantation hemizygous mouse conceptuses, during gastrulation and early organog ... | 1989 | 2483370 |
| functional reconstitution of prokaryote and eukaryote membrane proteins. | a new strategy for the functional reconstitution of membrane proteins is described. this approach introduces a new class of protein stabilizing agents--osmolytes--whose presence at high concentration (10-20%) during detergent solubilization prevents the inactivations that normally occur when proteins are extracted from natural membranes. osmolytes that act in this way include compounds such as glycerol and higher polyols (erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol), sugars (glucose, trehalose), and certain a ... | 1989 | 2492790 |
| evidence that rat kupffer cells stimulate and inhibit hepatocyte protein synthesis in vitro by different mechanisms. | kupffer cell control of hepatocyte protein synthesis may be an important mechanism involved in the regulation of normal liver function and may be one mechanism responsible for the alterations in liver function seen during sepsis. the present series of in vitro experiments compare the response to various inflammatory stimuli of hepatocytes cocultured with kupffer cells with that of hepatocytes cultured alone. in the absence of inflammatory stimuli, kupffer cells stimulated hepatocyte protein synt ... | 1989 | 2497043 |
| reduction of protein mixed disulfides (dethiolation) by escherichia coli thioredoxin: a study with glycogen phosphorylase b and creatine kinase. | the role of thioredoxin in the reduction of protein mixed disulfides (dethiolation) was studied by electrofocusing methodology with glycogen phosphorylase b and creatine kinase as substrates for the reaction. glycogen phosphorylase b was effectively dethiolated by escherichia coli thioredoxin with dithiothreitol as the reductant, while creatine kinase could not be dethiolated by this mechanism. the rate of dethiolation of phosphorylase b was dependent on the concentration of thioredoxin up to a ... | 1989 | 2500063 |
| bacterial colonization of intravenous catheter materials in vitro and in vivo. | four different intravenous catheter materials, brands teflon, silastic, vialon, and tecoflex, were evaluated in vitro for bacterial adherence after 2 and 24 hours' incubation in trypticase soy broth and after 2 hours' incubation in nutrient-free phosphate buffer (ph 7.2). the organisms used were pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus epidermidis. the significant differences in in vitro adherence of the different bacterial species to the various cathe ... | 1989 | 2500724 |
| 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 11. quinolylmethyl analogues with basic substituents conveying specificity. | a series of nine 2,4-diamino-5-[6-( or 7-)quinolylmethyl]pyrimidines has been prepared by condensations of quinolinecarboxaldehydes with beta-anilinopropionitriles, followed by treatment with guanidine. all compounds has basic or methoxy substituents at the 2- or 4-positions of the quinoline ring. all of the 6-quinolylmethyl derivatives were highly inhibitory against escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr), provided that an 8-substituent was present in the quinoline ring. those compounds ... | 1989 | 2502633 |
| autoradiographic method for quantitation of radiolabeled proteins in tissues using indium-111. | a quantitative autoradiographic method was developed to measure 111in-labeled proteins in extravascular tissues with a spatial resolution sufficient to associate these proteins with tissue morphology. a linear relationship between measured grain density and isotope concentration was demonstrated with uniformly-labeled standard sources of epoxy-embedded gelatin containing [111in]albumin; half-distance of spatial resolution was 0.6 micron. the technique was illustrated by measuring 24-hr accumulat ... | 1989 | 2504892 |
| a possible mechanism of the inhibitory effect of endotoxin on adenylate cyclase. | the possible mechanism of the inhibitory effect of endotoxin on adenylate cyclase was investigated. plasma membranes were isolated from porcine thyroid gland and rat liver. the effects of endotoxin on adenylate cyclase activity was determined. the adenylate cyclase activity followed in the presence of various concentrations of guanosine-imidodiphosphate (5 x 10(-8)-10(-6) m) and naf (0.1-10 mm) was markedly inhibited by endotoxin. moreover, the basal activity of adenylate cyclase was inhibited s ... | 1989 | 2518620 |
| altered hepatic fatty acid metabolism in endotoxicosis: effect of l-carnitine on survival. | the activities of palmitoyl-coenzyme a (coa) synthetase, carnitine acetyltransferase (cat), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (cpt) and the levels of ketone bodies, reduced coenzyme a (coash), carnitine, and their esters, which are involved in fatty acid metabolism, in rat liver and plasma were measured after the administration of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). we also studied the effect of l-carnitine treatment before lps administration on survival and on hepatic fatty acid metabol ... | 1989 | 2521428 |
| expression, purification, and in vivo activity of atrial natriuretic factor prohormone produced in escherichia coli. | atrial muscles of the heart are known to produce polypeptide hormones called atrial natriuretic factors (anf) which have potent diuretic and hypotensive action. these hormones are synthesized as a larger protein precursor called pro atrial natriuretic factor or proanf which contains the biologically active anf sequences at its c-terminus. rat proanf (representing amino acids -1 to 128 of the coding sequence) was expressed in a soluble form in escherichia coli. a simple purification procedure was ... | 1989 | 2525000 |
| functional domains of the escherichia coli dnak heat shock protein as revealed by mutational analysis. | the employment of a set of truncated dnak peptides produced by deletion and insertion mutations in the escherichia coli dnak gene allowed us to define regions of the dnak protein which are involved in particular enzymatic functions. the results obtained suggest that the dnak polypeptide is organized into at least two distinct functional domains. the highly conserved amino-terminal portion is required for the atpase activity. the carboxyl-terminal portion, characterized by relatively low similari ... | 1989 | 2531744 |
| role of complement-derived and bacterial formylpeptide chemotactic factors in the in vivo migration of neutrophils in experimental escherichia coli pyelonephritis in rats. | in experimental escherichia coli pyelonephritis, the bacterial multiplication in the kidney parenchyma triggers a burst of neutrophil extravascular migration, as measured by the myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity in the kidney, a marker for tissue neutrophil infiltration. to test the mechanisms of in vivo neutrophil migration, pyelonephritis was surgically induced in rats that were then either complement-depleted with cobra venom factor (cvf), resulting in a profound hypocomplementemia for 72 h afte ... | 1989 | 2540249 |
| characterization of the escherichia coli prsa1-encoded mutant phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase identifies a divalent cation-nucleotide binding site. | the prsa1 allele, specifying a mutant escherichia coli phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (prpp) synthetase, has been cloned. the mutation was shown by nucleotide sequence analysis to result from substitution of asp-128 (gat) in the wild type by ala (gct) in prsa1. this alteration was confirmed by chemical determination of the amino acid sequence of a tryptic peptide derived from the purified mutant enzyme. the mutation lies at the n-terminal end of a 16 residue sequence that is highly conserved in e. ... | 1989 | 2542328 |
| a long-acting heat-stable enterotoxin analog of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli with a single d-amino acid. | a heat-stable enterotoxin (stp) consisting of 18 amino acid residues including 6 half-cystine residues is produced by a porcine strain of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. analogs of stp with replacements of single residues at each from positions 5 to 17 by the corresponding d-amino acid residue were synthesized by a solid-phase method. of these analogs, [d-cys5]-stp[5-17] showed the same biological properties as stp[5-17]. moreover, its activity to cause fluid accumulation in suckling mouse las ... | 1989 | 2543409 |
| relationship between neutrophil-mediated oxidative injury during acute experimental pyelonephritis and chronic renal scarring. | previous experiments with rats have suggested that pyelonephritic scarring after acute ascending escherichia coli pyelonephritis partly results from excessive polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) infiltration and activation in the kidney parenchyma. we have studied the role of pmn oxidative metabolism in generating tissue injury during acute pyelonephritis. rats with acute pyelonephritis were treated with dapsone (25 mg/kg twice daily for 3 days), a compound known to prevent pmn oxidant damage. in ... | 1989 | 2543635 |
| pathogenicity of enterococci in a rat model of fecal peritonitis. | the pathogenicity of enterococci in intraabdominal sepsis has not been clarified. therefore, fecal-type peritonitis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of barium sulfate along with a bacterial inoculum consisting of escherichia coli, bacteroides fragilis, and clostridium perfringens with or without streptococcus faecalis. mortality at 19 d and characteristics of intraabdominal abscesses in survivors at 19 d were analyzed. the presence of s. faecalis in the original inoculum was sign ... | 1989 | 2543707 |
| purification and characterization of recombinant human parathyroid hormone-related protein. | full-length human parathyroid hormone-related protein (pthrp-(1-141] as well as a carboxyl-terminal shortened form (pthrp-(1-108] have been expressed from recombinant dna-derived clones. these proteins were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins so that cyanogen bromide cleavage yields the desired product. both proteins were purified and then characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, amino-terminal amino acid sequencing, peptide mapping, and mass spectral analysis. r ... | 1989 | 2549037 |
| expression of rat protein phosphatase 2c (ia) in escherichia coli. | a cdna containing the entire coding sequence of rat type 2c (ia) protein phosphatase was expressed in escherichia coli. an extract of bacterial cells harboring the recombinant plasmid contained a major (mr = 41,000 - 43,000) and a minor (mr = 30,000) protein band; both of these reacted with an anti-type 2c protein phosphatase serum. the size of the major protein band agrees well with that of the 2c phosphatase conceptualized from the cognate cdna. a mg2+-dependent protein phosphatase activity wa ... | 1989 | 2549985 |
| localization of c-erb a proteins in rat liver using monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies were raised against the nuclear thyroid hormone receptors encoded by c-erb a genes and against a purified nuclear receptor fraction. these antibodies recognize the c-erb a protein in nuclear extracts from rat liver and are able to compete with thyroid hormone in scatchard analyses. in sections of rat liver they react with all the hepatocyte nuclei as well as with the cells of the hepatic bile ducts. comparison with another putative t3 receptor antibody, described previously ... | 1989 | 2556118 |
| transport of nutrients into the renal brush border membrane vesicles as marker in evaluating the role of antipili antibodies in modulation of ascending pyelonephritis in rats. | the uptake of d-glucose, l-aspartate, l-lysine and l-proline was investigated in renal brush border membrane (bbm) vesicles prepared from control, infected or passively-immunized-infected rats. except l-aspartate, a progressive decrease in the uptake of these nutrients in both infected and immunized-infected groups during the course of infection was observed, but the changes were less apparent in immunized-infected rats than in non-immunized ones. the uptake of l-aspartate was increased in vesic ... | 1989 | 2566554 |
| analysis of the biotin-binding site on acetyl-coa carboxylase from rat. | the biotin-binding site of acetyl-coa carboxylase from rat was characterized as to its amino acid sequence and relative position in the enzyme molecule. biotin binds to the lysyl residue in the tetrapeptide val-met-lys-met; this tetrapeptide is located in close proximity to the nh2 terminus. in all other biotin-containing enzymes, the conserved tetrapeptide ala-met-lys-met is the counterpart to that of rat acetyl-coa carboxylase; and the lysyl residue is 35 residues from the cooh terminus. to ex ... | 1989 | 2567668 |
| dna sequence of the escherichia coli k-12 gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase gene, ggt. | the dna sequence of ggt, the gene that codes for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (ec 2.3.2.2) of escherichia coli k-12, has been determined. the sequence contains a single open reading frame encoding the signal peptide and large and small subunits, in that order. this result suggests that e. coli gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase is processed posttranslationally. | 1989 | 2570061 |
| involvement of platelet-activating factor (paf) in endotoxin-induced intestinal motor disturbances in rats. | intestinal myoelectrical activity was investigated in conscious fasted rats chronically implanted with nichrome electrodes in the duodeno-jejunum. motility of the small intestine was characterized by the presence of migrating myoelectric complex (mmc) occurring regularly at 16.2 +/- 5.8 minute intervals. intravenous administration of endotoxin (e. coli s.0111:b4) at a dose of 50 micrograms/kg increased the interval between mmc to 112.6 +/- 26.8 min, the duration of these effects being dose-relat ... | 1989 | 2570338 |
| importance of hyperglucagonemia in eliciting the sepsis-induced increase in glucose production. | the plasma concentration of various catabolic hormones, including glucagon and catecholamines, is elevated in sepsis. furthermore, the infusion of these hormones into control animals increases the rate of glucose production. previous studies by our laboratory have demonstrated that adrenergic blockade alone is not able to reverse or prevent the sepsis-induced increase in glucose metabolism. therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine whether the sepsis-induced hyperglucagonemia ... | 1989 | 2574079 |
| evolutionary relationships among aminotransferases. tyrosine aminotransferase, histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase are homologous proteins. | a data base was compiled containing the amino acid sequences of 12 aspartate aminotransferases and 11 other aminotransferases. a comparison of these sequences by a standard alignment method confirmed the previously reported homology of all aspartate aminotransferases and escherichia coli tyrosine aminotransferase. however, no significant similarity between these proteins and any of the other aminotransferases was detected. a more rigorous analysis, focusing on short sequence segments rather than ... | 1989 | 2574669 |
| regulation of particulate guanylate cyclase by escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin: receptor binding and enzyme kinetics. | 1. escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (st) induces a secretory diarrhea by binding to receptors on brush borders of intestinal villus cells, activating particulate guanylate cyclase and increasing intracellular concentrations of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic gmp). 2. however, little is known concerning coupling of receptor-ligand interaction to enzyme activation. 3. this study compares the kinetics of toxin-receptor binding and enzyme activation to better understand this tra ... | 1989 | 2575546 |
| oral vaccination of rats with live avirulent salmonella derivatives expressing adhesive fimbrial antigens of uropathogenic escherichia coli. | the avirulent salmonella typhimurium f885 was transformed with a plasmid carrying the cloned s fimbriae genes of a uropathogenic escherichia coli. the resulting transformant (f885-1) produced efficiently e. coli s fimbriae and was used for live oral vaccination of rats. for comparison rats were immunized subcutaneously with isolated s fimbriae. both routes of vaccination resulted in a significant igg antibody response to s fimbriae. in addition live oral vaccination induced a serum iga response ... | 1989 | 2576522 |
| enhancement of the febrile responses of rats to endogenous pyrogen occurs within the ovlt region. | the febrile responses of male sprague-dawley rats to a semi-purified endogenous pyrogen (ep) derived from human monocytes are markedly enhanced 3 days after the animals are intravenously injected with a variety of immunoadjuvants. the present study was designed to investigate the site within the body at which these substances act to produce this febrile-enhancing phenomenon. stainless steel microinjection cannula guide tubes were implanted within the region of the organum vasculosum lamina termi ... | 1989 | 2600008 |
| a 37-base pair element in the far upstream spacer region can enhance transcription of rat rdna in vitro and can bind to the core promoter-binding factor(s). | previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that a 174-base pair (bp) rat rdna spacer region located more than 2 kilobase pairs upstream of the initiation site, can enhance rat rdna transcription in vitro independent of its orientation or distance or when inserted downstream of the initiation site. further dissection of this region showed that transcription of a rdna fragment containing just 37 bp of the spacer sequence, located between -2.183 and -2.219 kilobase pairs upstream of the ... | 1989 | 2642473 |
| primary structure of rat brain prostaglandin d synthetase deduced from cdna sequence. | the amino acid sequence of rat brain prostaglandin d synthetase (urade, y., fujimoto, n., and hayaishi, o. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 12410-12415) was determined by a combination of cdna and protein sequencing. cdna clones specific for this enzyme were isolated from a lambda gt11 rat brain cdna expression library. nucleotide sequence analyses of cloned cdna inserts revealed that this enzyme consisted of a 564- or 549-base pair open reading frame coding for a 188- or 183-amino acid polypeptide wi ... | 1989 | 2642896 |
| high level expression in escherichia coli of the dna-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor in a functional form utilizing domain-specific cleavage of a fusion protein. | a fragment comprising the dna-binding domain of the human glucocorticoid receptor has been expressed in a functional form in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with protein a from staphylococcus aureus. the dna-binding domain was purified to apparent homogeneity by affinity chromatography on igg-sepharose and dna-cellulose, a purification scheme which does not involve denaturation of the protein at any step. the dna-binding domain was separated from the protein a part of the fusion protein by ... | 1989 | 2642905 |
| fatty acid interactions with rat intestinal and liver fatty acid-binding proteins expressed in escherichia coli. a comparative 13c nmr study. | enterocytes in the small intestinal mucosa contain abundant quantities of two homologous cytosolic proteins known as intestinal and liver fatty acid-binding proteins (i- and l-fabp, respectively). to elucidate structure-function relationships for these proteins, the interactions between 13c-enriched palmitate and oleate and escherichia coli-expressed rat i- and l-fabp were systematically compared using 13c nmr spectroscopy. nmr spectra of samples containing fatty acids (fa) and i-fabp at differe ... | 1989 | 2644270 |
| characterization and site-specific mutagenesis of the calcium-binding protein oncomodulin produced by recombinant bacteria. | a bacterial expression system for the parvalbumin-like calcium-binding protein oncomodulin has been constructed. this system can yield 50-fold more oncomodulin than the richest known mammalian source, the rat morris hepatoma 5123. the bacterially produced protein folded correctly as monitored by uv, fluorescence, and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and is immunologically identical to rat hepatoma oncomodulin. a calcium-specific conformational change is observed in the bacterial oncomo ... | 1989 | 2644285 |
| compartmentalization of intraalveolar and systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor and the pulmonary inflammatory response. | tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf), a monokine produced by lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated macrophages, is an activator of phagocytic functions and may modulate host responses during infection. to determine the effects of lps on tnf activity and the pulmonary inflammatory response in vivo, we challenged rats systemically or intratracheally with lps. intravenous lps significantly increased serum tnf content from nondetectable levels in control specimens to peak levels at 90 min, which declined ... | 1989 | 2644368 |
| immunologic regulation of e. coli k1 by serum from neonatal rats is enhanced following intraperitoneal administration of human igg. | the effect of 1500 mg/kg intraperitoneal human igg on the capacity of neonatal rat serum to opsonize and to kill escherichia coli k1 and to deposit igg and c3 onto this organism was investigated. unlike serum from neonatal rats injected with albumin, serum from neonatal rats injected with human igg opsonized and killed e. coli k1 efficiently. heat treatment abolished the bactericidal effect of serum from igg recipients, suggesting a role for complement. a radioimmunobinding assay demonstrated th ... | 1989 | 2644382 |
| peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase is the cyclosporin a-binding protein cyclophilin. | peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (ppiase) catalyses the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and has been shown to accelerate the refolding of several proteins in vitro. its activity has been detected in yeast, insects and escherichia coli as well as in mammals, and it is though to be essential for protein folding during protein synthesis in the cell. we purified ppiase from pig kidney and found that its amino-acid sequence is identical to that reported for ... | 1989 | 2644542 |