| effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on microsomal long-chain fatty acyl-coa synthetase and hydrolase. | streptozotocin-induced diabetes significantly decreased rat liver microsomal long-chain fatty acyl-coa (lca-coa) hydrolase. the decrease was observed using either palmitoyl-coa (35 per cent, p less than 0.01) or oleoyl-coa (23 per cent, p less than 0.01) as the substrate for the enzyme. under the same conditions, diabetes did not significantly alter activity of lca-coa synthetase. daily subcutaneous injections of protamine zinc insulin (10-12 units/day) into the diabetic rats returned their bloo ... | 1984 | 6148682 |
| effect of repeated ether anesthesias on the mono-oxygenase system of rat liver s-9 fraction. | this study was designed to investigate the effect of ether anesthesia in rats, before i.p. injections to induce the mono-oxygenase enzyme system, on biochemical properties of liver s9 fractions. aminopyrine n-demethylase and rho-nitroanisole o-demethylase activity levels, their stability, and lipid peroxidation were determined in s9 fractions after etherization (about 1 min in ether vapor chamber daily for 3 consecutive days, before i.p. injections of na-phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone) an ... | 1984 | 6151259 |
| effects of polynucleotides on production and activity of streptolysin s. | activity of various natural and synthetic polynucleotides as a carrier for streptolysin s was tested in a resting cell system. as the carrier, intact molecules of ms2 rna, e coli trna or rat liver rna were almost inactive, whereas rnase i core of these rnas, especially the core fractions eluted from deae-cellulose column at higher nacl concentrations, effectively induced production of the extracellular hemolysin. the carrier activity of yeast rna was significantly enhanced by simultaneous additi ... | 1980 | 6158193 |
| mithramycin- and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi)-dna staining for fluorescence microspectrophotometric measurement of dna in nuclei, plastids, and virus particles. | the properties of two dna-specific fluorochromes, 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) and mithramycin, have been analyzed as reagents to quantitate cellular dna by fluorescence microspectrophotometry. optimal staining conditions and concentrations, and the effects of other cellular materials to which the dyes bind, have been evaluated in measurements of the dna of rat, chick, and yeast nuclei, gonyostomum chloroplasts, and t4 particles. use of either fluorochrome permits a high degree of resolu ... | 1981 | 6168681 |
| candida albicans-induced agglutinin and immunoglobulin e responses in mice. | mice varied in their ability to make detectable antibody responses to cell surface determinants of candida albicans depending upon the antigen preparation and the immunization schedule used. immunoglobulin m (igm) appeared to be the major class of antibody responsible for the c. albicans-agglutinating activity of the immune sera. various inbred strains of mice injected with a ribosomal fraction from c. albicans produced a low titer (average, 4 to 8) of yeast cell agglutinins and a higher titer ( ... | 1983 | 6190755 |
| type i and type ii keratins have evolved from lower eukaryotes to form the epidermal intermediate filaments in mammalian skin. | we have traced the evolutionary origins of keratin-like sequences to the genomes of lower eukaryotes. the proteins encoded by these genes have evolved to form the intermediate filaments that comprise the backbone of vertebrate skin cells. two related but distinct types of keratins encoded by two separate multigene subfamilies are expressed in the epidermal keratinocytes of vertebrate species from fish to human. both at the level of protein and at the level of dna, these two classes of keratins a ... | 1983 | 6193525 |
| marginal zone b cells express cr1 and cr2 receptors. | opsonized yeast is known to bind strongly to the marginal zones in frozen sections of rat spleen (kumararatne, d. s. et al., eur. j. immunol. 1981. 11: 858). this study reports an analysis of the cells involved in this binding. sheep red cells coated respectively with c3b, c3bi or c3d were used as indicator cells. these showed homogeneous binding of both c3b and c3bi to marginal zones and germinal centers. c3d-coated red cells bound in a uniform speckled pattern to marginal zones. they also boun ... | 1984 | 6198183 |
| organization of microtubules in stabilized meristematic plant cells revealed by a rat monoclonal antibody reacting only with the tyrosinated form of alpha-tubulin. | a rat monoclonal antibody against yeast tubulin (clone yl 1/2; kilmartin et al., 1982) that reacts specifically with mammalian alpha-tubulin carrying a carboxyterminal tyrosine residue (wehland et al., 1983) was used to localize microtubules in plant cells derived from onion root apices (allium cepa l.). yl 1/2 reacted with all types of microtubular arrays known to occur in higher plant meristematic cells such as interphase cortical microtubules, pre-prophase bands, the mitotic spindle and phrag ... | 1984 | 6201294 |
| histamine release from mast cells during phagocytosis and interaction with activated neutrophils. | histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells was evaluated during interaction with igg, c3b-bi and concanavalin a-opsonized yeast particles and activated neutrophils. in contrast to others we could show no phagocytic uptake of yeast particles attaching to fc, or concanavalin a receptors on the mast cell. attached yeast particles opsonized with c3b/bi were also poorly ingested (less than 10% of the attached particles.) neither could we detect any significant histamine release. if, however, ne ... | 1984 | 6204947 |
| abnormal phagolysosome fusion in pulmonary alveolar macrophages of rats exposed chronically to cigarette smoke. | cigarette smoking is strongly associated with functional and morphologic changes in pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pam). phagocytic activity is a primary function of pam, and although the ingestion of particles appears to be normal in the pam of cigarette smokers, published data suggest that antimicrobial activity of these cells might be diminished. because phagolysosome fusion (plf) is an important aspect of the phagocytic process subsequent to the ingestion phase, plf was evaluated in pam lav ... | 1984 | 6206755 |
| hexokinase isoenzymes: antigenic cross-reactivities and amino acid compositional relatedness. | previously undetected antigenic cross-reactivities have been demonstrated between yeast and rat hexokinase isoenzymes using an enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. the levels of structural homology between the isoenzymes have been assessed in terms of their relative antigenic cross-reactivities and their amino acid compositional relatedness. the three major rat hexokinases appear, despite their differing molecular sizes, to have a close evolutionary background and to share a common but distant an ... | 1984 | 6210176 |
| activation and transport of fatty acids in ovarian mitochondria: effect of lh. | enzymes of fatty acid activation and transport were studied in luteinized rat ovaries. luteal mitochondria were found to contain high levels of palmitoyl-coa synthetase and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase activities. in addition, studies on the effect of palmitate concentration on palmitoyl-coa synthetase activity revealed the possible existence of two forms of the enzyme: km values of 0.34 mm and 21.33 mm, with vmax of 3.64 and 66.67 nmoles/min/mg mitochondrial protein respectively, were obtain ... | 1982 | 6212234 |
| ferritin: a zinc detoxicant and a zinc ion donor. | rats were injected with 1 mg of zn2+ as zinc sulfate or 2 mg of cd2+ as cadmium sulfate per kg of body weight on a daily basis. after seven injections, ferritin and metallothionein were isolated from the livers of the rats. significant amounts of zinc were associated with ferritin. incubation of such ferritin with apoenzymes of calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase, yeast phosphoglucomutase, and yeast aldolase restored their enzymic activity. the amount of zinc injected was insufficient to stimul ... | 1982 | 6212927 |
| hormonal control of pulmonary surfactant synthesis. | the specific activities of palmitoyl-coa synthetase, phospholipase a2, and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase enzymes were low in the lungs of diabetic and hypophysectomized rats as compared to those found in the normal controls. administration of triiodothyronine (t3), to the diabetic and hypophysectomized rats restored the normal activities of these enzymes. stimulation of the enzyme activities were also observed when normal rats were injected with the above hormone. the enhancement of th ... | 1983 | 6223581 |
| brown adipose tissue metabolism in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. | defects of both diet-induced thermogenesis and cold tolerance have been reported for streptozotocin-diabetic rats. since brown adipose tissue (bat) is a major effector of both diet- and cold-induced thermogenesis in the rat, the possible cause of these defects was investigated by comparing bat metabolism under basal conditions and during activation by nerve stimulation, norepinephrine (ne), or octanoate addition in both streptozotocin-diabetic rats and in controls. the following metabolic indice ... | 1983 | 6223804 |
| long-chain acyl-coenzyme a synthetase from rat brain microsomes. kinetic studies using [1-14c]docosahexaenoic acid substrate. | the activation of docosahexaenoic acid by rat brain microsomes was studied using an assay method based on the extraction of unreacted [1-14c]docosahexaenoic acid and the insolubility of [1-14c]docosahexaenoyl-coa in heptane. this reaction showed a requirement for atp, coa, and mgcl2 and exhibited optimal activity at ph 8.0 in the presence of dithiothreitol and when incubated at 45 degrees c. the apparent km values for atp (185 microm), coa (4.88 microm), mgcl2 (555 microm) and [1-14c]docosahexae ... | 1984 | 6237910 |
| brominated vegetable oil myopathy: inhibition at multiple sites. | skeletal muscle lipid storage was induced by feeding rats brominated vegetable oil (bvo). the defect was examined by measuring radioactive substrate oxidation, intermediates of fatty acid oxidation, and activities of oxidative enzymes. one- and u-[14c] palmitate and 1-[14c] pyruvate oxidation were reduced in muscle after four doses of bvo. inhibition of u-[14c] palmitate oxidation occurred after two doses. short chain acylcoenzyme a(coa) derivatives accumulated in the muscle. several enzymes of ... | 1984 | 6242313 |
| interaction of pseudomonic acid a with escherichia coli b isoleucyl-trna synthetase. | sodium pseudomonate was shown to be a powerful competitive inhibitor of escherichia coli b isoleucyl-trna synthetase (ile-trna synthetase). the antibiotic competitively inhibits (ki 6 nm; cf. km 6.3 microm), with respect top isoleucine, the formation of the enzyme . ile approximately amp complex as measured by the pyrophosphate-exchange reaction, and has no effect on the transfer of [14c]isoleucine from the enzyme . [14c]ile approximately amp complex to trnaile. the inhibitory constant for the p ... | 1980 | 6258580 |
| immune-enhanced phagocytic dysfunction in pulmonary macrophages infected with parainfluenza 1 (sendai) virus. | cultured alveolar macrophages infected with parainfluenza 1 (sendai) virus were treated with specific antiviral immune serum and their phagocytic activity for opsonized erythrocytes (ea), candida krusei, and staphylococcus epidermidis quantitated. membrane fc receptor and candida binding activity were unaffected by the viral infection. in contrast, the virus infection decreased the phagocytic ingestion of ea. the addition of immune serum induced new phagocytic defects in that the treatment of vi ... | 1981 | 6272617 |
| nucleotide sequence of the rat skeletal muscle actin gene. | the actins constitute a family of highly conserved proteins found in all eukaryotic cells. their conservation through a very wide range of taxonomic groups and the existence of tissue-specific isoforms make the actin genes very interesting for the study of the evolution of genes and their controlling elements. on the basis of amino acid sequence data, at least six different mammalian actins have been identified (skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, two smooth muscle actins and the cytoplasmic beta- ... | 1982 | 6287276 |
| primary site of action of ketoconazole on candida albicans. | ketoconazole, an antifungal drug, completely inhibited the growth of candida albicans 7n at concentrations of greater than or equal to 50 microgram/ml (94 microm). however, ketoconazole incompletely inhibited the growth of this opportunistic yeast at concentrations of 25 to 0.2 microgram/ml (47 to 0.4 microm). at these lower concentrations, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, an electron acceptor, was reduced by several strains of c. albicans. this effect resulted in red coloration of colonies ... | 1982 | 6287929 |
| inactivation of microbial pyridoxal kinase by pyridoxal. | pyridoxal kinase from escherichia coli and bakers' yeast was inactivated by pyridoxal while the enzyme from rat and pig brain was not. the inactivation of the enzyme purified from e. coli was reversible and was rendered irreversible by the reduction with nabh4. this finding as well as a similar inactivation by 5'-deoxypyridoxal but not by 4'-deoxypyridoxine suggested that the inactivation was due to schiff base formation. the suggestion was confirmed by the incorporation of tritium label into th ... | 1981 | 6289642 |
| energy transduction by the reconstituted b-c1 complex from yeast mitochondria. inhibitory effects of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. | a purified cytochrome b-c1 complex isolated from yeast mitochondria has been reconstituted into proteoliposomes. the reconstituted comp]lex catalyzed antimycin a-sensitive electron transfer from different analogues of coenzyme q to cytochrome c. the reconstituted complex was also capable of energy conservation as indicated by uncoupler-stimulated rates of electron transfer, electrogenic proton ejection, and reversed electron flow from cytochrome b to coenzyme q2 in the presence of antimycin a dr ... | 1982 | 6294076 |
| bioavailability to rats of selenium in various tuna and wheat products. | bioavailability of selenium (se) in tuna and wheat at various stages of processing was studied in rats. the protein source of the rat diets was torula yeast with se supplied by either raw, precooked or canned tuna, or whole wheat flour, whole wheat bread or bran. sodium selenite was used as the standard. each se source was fed at three levels: 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 ppm. by using increase in glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity in liver, kidney and whole blood as an indicator of bioavailability ... | 1983 | 6296340 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the rat cytoplasmic beta-actin gene. | the nucleotide sequence of the rat beta-actin gene was determined. the gene codes for a protein identical to the bovine beta-actin. it has a large intron in the 5' untranslated region 6 nucleotides upstream from the initiator atg, and 4 introns in the coding region at codons specifying amino acids 41/42, 121/122, 267, and 327/328. unlike the skeletal muscle actin gene and many other actin genes, the beta-actin gene lacks the codon for cys between the initiator atg and the codon for the n-termina ... | 1983 | 6300777 |
| lipid and subunit iii depleted cytochrome c oxidase purified by horse cytochrome c affinity chromatography in lauryl maltoside. | cytochrome oxidase is purified from rat liver and beef heart by affinity chromatography on a matrix of horse cytochrome c-sepharose 4b. the success of this procedure, which employs a matrix previously found ineffective with beef or yeast oxidase, is attributed to thorough dispersion of the enzyme with nonionic detergent and a low density of cross-linking between the lysine residues of cytochrome c and the cyanogen bromide activated sepharose. beef heart oxidase is purified in one step from mitoc ... | 1983 | 6309217 |
| resolution and reconstitution of biological pathways from 1919 to 1984. | the central theme of this paper is the reconstitution of the warburg effect, the high aerobic glycolysis of malignant tumors. the history of resolution-reconstitution started with the isolation of glycolytic enzymes. in 1945 meyerhof prepared an extract from yeast that did not ferment unless an atpase was added. an extract of ehrlich ascites tumor cells that does not glycolyze in the presence of catalytic amounts of pi and nucleotides without addition of an atpase is presented as a model for fut ... | 1983 | 6309577 |
| mechanism of the mrna guanylyltransferase reaction: isolation of n epsilon-phospholysine and gmp (5' leads to n epsilon) lysine from the guanylyl-enzyme intermediate. | the mrna capping reaction catalyzed by rat liver mrna guanylyltransferase proceeds through an enzyme-gmp intermediate in which gmp is linked to the enzyme by a phosphoamide linkage. the studies described here show that gmp is bound to the epsilon-amino group of lysine of rat liver guanylyltransferase. the enzyme-[32p]gmp intermediate was digested with pronase to a [32p]gmp-peptide which was then converted to [32p]phosphoryl-peptide through periodate oxidation followed by beta-elimination. after ... | 1983 | 6321153 |
| isolation and characterization of two alleles of the chicken cytochrome c gene. | analysis of total chicken dna by genomic blot hybridization indicates that only one cytochrome c gene exists in the chicken genome. the two alleles of this single cytochrome c gene have been isolated from a charon 4a-chicken genomic library. this isolation made use of the yeast cyc1 cytochrome c gene as a specific hybridization probe. the 2 chicken alleles, cc9 and cc10, have been sequenced. the amino acid sequence predicted by these 2 alleles is identical, and agrees with the published chicken ... | 1983 | 6324108 |
| studies on the properties of highly purified cytochrome p-448 and its dependent activity benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase, from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, produces a cytochrome p-450 enzyme with a soret peak in the reduced-co difference spectrum at 448 nm. the enzyme purified to homogeneity (88-97% pure on a specific content basis) has a molecular wt. of 55 500 as determined by sds-page. amino acid analysis of yeast cytochrome p-448 revealed 407 amino acid residues per molecule with a 43% complement of hydrophobic residues. although the number of residues is smaller than cytochrome p-448 enzymes from mammalian s ... | 1984 | 6326393 |
| primary structure of rabbit 18s ribosomal rna determined by direct rna sequence analysis. | the primary structure of rabbit 18s ribosomal rna was determined by nucleotide sequence analysis of the rna directly. the rabbit rrna was specifically cleaved with t1 ribonuclease, as well as with e. coli rnase h using a pst 1 dna linker to generate a specific set of overlapping fragments spanning the entire length of the molecule. both intact and fragmented 18s rrna were end-labeled with [32p], base-specifically cleaved enzymatically and chemically and nucleotide sequences determined from long ... | 1984 | 6330682 |
| tertiary structure of the eukaryotic ribosomal 5 s rna. accessibility of phosphodiester bonds to ethylnitrosourea modification. | the tertiary structure of the eukaryotic ribosomal 5 s rna was examined using ethylnitrosourea reactivity as a probe for phosphodiester bonds. in three different 5 s rnas of diverse origin the reactivity was restricted to the same three regions of the sequence, corresponding to residues g 99-a 101, a 88-g 89, and g 75 in the rat 5 s rna molecule. all of these restricted residues are in highly conserved sequences; five of the residues (g 75, g 89, g 99, a 100, and a 101 in the rat) are present in ... | 1983 | 6339509 |
| the intrasanguineous host mediated assay procedure using saccharomyces cerevisiae: comparison with two other metabolic activation systems. | 3 metabolic activation systems--organ homogenates, perfused liver, and the intrasanguineous host mediated assay (ihma)--were compared in their abilities to activate demethylnitrosamine (dmn) and induce gene conversion in saccharomyces cerevisiae d4. both rats and mice were used for the organ homogenates and ihma studies. all activation systems were able to activate dmn; where the different organs were compared, liver was more active than kidney, followed by lung. the ihma was the most sensitive ... | 1983 | 6339885 |
| strain-related differences in pathogenicity of candida albicans for oral mucosa. | fifty female sprague-dawley rats were divided into five groups of 10 animals and were given a low concentration (0.01%) of tetracycline in drinking water. four of the groups were orally inoculated weekly with the yeast candida albicans for a period of 25 weeks. each group received a different strain. three of the four strains of yeast were consistently recovered upon culture of the oral cavity during the course of the study. two of the strains produced grossly visible lesions (four of 10 and two ... | 1983 | 6343522 |
| studies on mutagenicity of 2 bronchodilators under development in cuba. | 2 pyridoquinazolones, 2-amino-11h-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one (2-apq) and 11h-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one (pq), under development as anti-asthma drugs, were studied for mutagenicity. 2-apq was found to be a strong mutagen in 5 strains of salmonella typhimurium and a mild one in the forward-mutation system of the yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. furthermore, 2-apq had strong clastogenic effects in mouse bone marrow. because of these results, development of 2-apq as a bronchodilator was stop ... | 1983 | 6343851 |
| transport of proteins into mitochondria: a high conservation of precursor uptake and processing system. | ornithine transcarbamylase (ec 2.1.3.3) of rat (rattus norvegicus var. albus) liver, a urea cycle enzyme, is synthesized extramitochondrially as a larger precursor which is transported posttranslationally into mitochondria and processed to the mature enzyme. the precursor synthesized in vitro was taken up and processed to the mature enzyme by isolated pigeon (columba livia var. domestica) liver and frog (rana catesbeiana) liver mitochondria. carp (cyprinus carpio) liver mitochondria could also p ... | 1983 | 6347507 |
| the experimental herbicide ukj72j is an inhibitor of succinate oxidation in plant mitochondria. | | 1983 | 6347711 |
| lipoprotein lipase: size of the functional unit determined by radiation inactivation. | radiation inactivation was used to determine the functional molecular weight of lipoprotein lipase (lpl) in rat heart and adipose tissues. this technique reveals the size of the smallest unit required to carry out the enzyme function. supernatant fractions of the tissue homogenates were exposed to high energy electrons at -135 degrees c. lpl activity showed a simple exponential decay in all samples tested. because changes in nutritional state shift the distribution of lpl between the capillary e ... | 1983 | 6350518 |
| comparison of inhibitors of s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase from different species. | s-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylases were purified from rat ventral prostate, yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae), slime mould (physarum polycephalum) and bacteria (escherichia coli) and tested for inhibition by a variety of nucleosides related to s-adenosylmethionine and by methyl- and ethyl-glyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone). although the enzymes from these different sources are markedly different with respect to activation by cations, the inhibition by nucleosides was quite similar. very little inhi ... | 1983 | 6351843 |
| inhibitors of s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. | | 1983 | 6353154 |
| the sequence of the nucleotides at the alpha-sarcin cleavage site in rat 28 s ribosomal ribonucleic acid. | the sequence of the 521 nucleotides at the 3' end of a rat 28 s rrna gene was determined. the region encompasses the site of cleavage of 28 s rrna by the cytotoxin alpha-sarcin. the toxin hydrolyzes a phosphodiester bond on the 3' side of a guanine residue 393 nucleotides from the 3' end. the alpha-sarcin domain is composed of a purine-rich sequence of 14 highly conserved nucleotides. | 1983 | 6355092 |
| mutagenic relevance of rat hepatocyte nuclei in the activation and inactivation of xenobiotica. cyclophosphamide and epichlorohydrin activity on the yeasts s. pombe and s. cerevisiae. | the influence on the mutagenicity of cyclophosphamide (cy) and epichlorohydrin (ech), of liver nuclei and hepatic post-mitochondrial (s9) preparations from phenobarbital-treated rats, was examined. the study was conducted in vitro, with 2 yeasts, schizosaccharomyces pombe (p1 strain) which allows the detection of forward mutations, and saccharomyces cerevisiae (d5 strain), in which the induction of different genetic effects, such as mitotic recombination, can be evaluated. the results indicated ... | 1983 | 6358879 |
| the effects of t-2 toxin on alveolar macrophage function in vitro. | t-2 toxin, a metabolite of several fusarium species, is a mycotoxin of the trichothecene family which occurs in a variety of grains. previous work in our laboratory showed that t-2 toxin is highly toxic to rat alveolar macrophages in vitro at submicromolar concentrations. the present investigation was undertaken to study the basis of the cytotoxic effects observed. the following parameters of macrophage function were measured: macromolecular synthesis, release of 51cr, cellular atp, phagocytosis ... | 1984 | 6363056 |
| secondary structure of mouse 28s rrna and general model for the folding of the large rrna in eukaryotes. | we present a secondary structure model for the entire sequence of mouse 28s rrna (1) which is based on an extensive comparative analysis of the available eukaryotic sequences, i.e. yeast (2, 3), physarum polycephalum (4), xenopus laevis (5) and rat (6). it has been derived with close reference to the models previously proposed for yeast 26s rrna (2) and for prokaryotic 23s rrna (7-9). examination of the recently published eukaryotic sequences confirms that all pro- and eukaryotic large rrnas sha ... | 1984 | 6374617 |
| d-glucose anomeric preference of hexokinases from animals and yeast. | the d-glucose anomeric preference of hexokinases partially purified from animals (rat, mouse, and chicken) and baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) were investigated by the assay system with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase as a coupling enzyme. with low km hexokinases in animal tissues and cells, the ratios of vmax for the beta-anomer to vmax for the alpha-anomer (v beta/v alpha) were within a range from 1.3 to 1.5. in yeast, the v beta/v alpha value was 1.1 for hexokinase a, 0.8 for hexok ... | 1984 | 6376115 |
| identification of 17 beta-estradiol as the estrogenic substance in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses a high-affinity estrogen binding protein and an endogenous ligand that displaces [3h]estradiol from both the yeast binding protein and mammalian estrogen receptors. semipurified preparations of this ligand have been shown to exhibit estrogenic activity in mammalian systems. we now describe the purification procedure and ultimate identification of the estrogenic substance in extracts of s. cerevisiae as 17 beta-estradiol. organic solvent extracts of commercially ... | 1984 | 6379650 |
| nadph-generating system: influence on microsomal mono-oxygenase stability during incubation for the liver-microsomal assay with rat and mouse s9 fractions. | activity levels of 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase (ed), aminopyrine n-demethylase (apd), p-nitroanisole o-demethylase (p-nad) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6-pdh) were determined in incubation mixtures for the liver-microsomal assay (lma) at time 0 and after 1 and 2 h incubation under conditions for mutagenic assay. the experiments were performed with s9 liver fractions from mice (induced with na-phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone) and rats (induced with aroclor 1254) with and witho ... | 1984 | 6392864 |
| chromatographic differentiation of the mitochondrial and cytosolic fumarases of rat liver and baker's yeast and differential induction of two fumarases of baker's yeast. | the mitochondrial and cytosolic fumarases of rat liver could be separated from each other by bio-gel htp column chromatography, showing that there are some conformational differences between the native proteins of the mitochondrial and cytosolic fumarases which have been indistinguishable by their physicochemical, catalytic, and immunochemical properties. the fumarase associated with the mitochondrial fraction of baker's yeast could also be separated from that located in the cytosol by the bio-g ... | 1984 | 6393988 |
| anion-exchange chromatography of proteins on ag mp-1 using high-performance liquid chromatography equipment. | that the macroporous anion-exchange resin ag mp-1 can be used with hplc equipment and common aqueous buffers for the chromatography of proteins is shown. the utility of this system is illustrated by the partial purification and complete resolution of the three protein synthesis elongation factors from each other, starting with a crude extract of escherichia coli. the factors were purified 10- to 30-fold in a yield of 50 to 90% with a single 60-min chromatographic program of increasing nacl conce ... | 1984 | 6397075 |
| genetic activity in yeast assays of reputed nonmutagenic, carcinogenic n-nitroso compounds and methapyrilene hydrochloride. | methapyrilene hydrochloride (mphc), n-nitrosomethylaniline (nma), n-nitrosomethyl-3-carboxypropylamine (nmcp) and n-nitrosodiethanolamine (ndela) are reputed to be nonmutagenic carcinogens because they are genetically inactive in salmonella mutagenesis tests but produce cancer in rats. we have assayed these compounds for their genetic activity with diploid strains d7, d7-144, and rmo52 of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the compounds mphc and nma were highly toxic to the cells and induced gene convers ... | 1984 | 6398305 |
| [pharmacological studies of dl-2[3-(2'-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]propionic acid. i. analgesic and antipyretic effects]. | analgesic and antipyretic effects of dl-2[3-(2'-chlorophenoxy)phenyl] propionic acid (cpp) were studied in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. cpp produced a dose dependent inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome. its ed50 values 1 and 3 hr after oral administration were 47 and 31 mg/kg, respectively. cpp had a potent analgesic effect on bradykinin-induced nociceptive response in rats, and its ed50 value was 15 mg/kg 2 hr after oral administration. the analgesic activity of cpp in these expe ... | 1983 | 6413312 |
| saccharomyces cerevisiae synthesizes proteins related to the p21 gene product of ras genes found in mammals. | a family of normal vertebrate genes and oncogenes has been called the ras gene family. the name ras was assigned to this gene family based on the species of origin of the viral oncogenes of the rat-derived harvey and kirsten murine sarcoma viruses. there are now three known functional members of the ras gene family, and genes homologous to ras genes have been detected in the dna of a wide variety of mammals and in drosophila melanogaster. prior experiments have detected proteins coded for by ras ... | 1984 | 6422257 |
| the antiinflammatory profile of (5h-dibenzo[a,d]-cyclohepten-5-ylidene)acetic acid (wy-41,770), an agent possessing weak prostaglandin synthetase inhibitory activity that is devoid of gastric side effects. | wy-41,770 [(5h-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)acetic acid], a novel acrylic acid, was compared to indomethacin and aspirin in standard antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic animal models. the acute antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of wy-41,770 (oral ed50s 50-170 mg/kg) was similar to aspirin; however, it was considerably more potent orally in adjuvant arthritis in the rat (ed50, 16 mg/kg) and urate-induced synovitis in the dog (ed50, 4.5 mg/kg). wy-41,770 was a weak ... | 1984 | 6433676 |
| regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism during development of the rat. | | 1981 | 6456955 |
| differential inhibition of histone and polyamine acetylases by multisubstrate analogues. | mammalian cells contain a number of enzymes catalyzing the acetylation of polyamines and histones including an inducible spermidine/spermine n1-acetyltransferase which may play a key role in regulating the interconversion of polyamines [matsui, i., wiegand, l., & pegg, a. e. (1981) j. biol. chem. 256, 2454-2459]. the present experiments were carried out in order to provide a method to distinguish this enzyme from other polyamine/histone acetylases and to test whether specific inhibitors of its a ... | 1984 | 6487599 |
| [effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on the lame walking reaction in adjuvant-induced edematous rats]. | acute inflammatory paw edema of rats was formed by the injection of 0.5% mycobacterium tuberculosis-liquid parraffin suspension into the hind paw, and then the pain threshold of the inflamed paw decreased. at that time, the rats showed a three-legged gait, namely, the lame walking reaction. the reaction was inhibited by acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, e.g., indomethacin, ibuprofen and aspirin, inhibitors of prostaglandins biosynthesis, at a lower dose level than those in the randall ... | 1984 | 6489869 |
| effect of cyclo-leucyl-glycine in the rat yeast-paw test. | cyclo-leucyl-glycine (clg) was tested for its ability to produce an antinociceptive effect in the rat yeast-paw test under conditions in which z-prolyl-(l)leucine (zpll) was effective. clg at doses from 0.1 to 200 mg/kg p.o. given once per day for three days failed to produce an analgesic effect; at 300 mg/kg per day p.o., clg produced a slight increase in response latencies (less than 1 s). zpll (5 mg/kg per day p.o.) tested similarly in the same experiment produced a strong analgesia (greater ... | 1984 | 6539706 |
| isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the dna repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase from human placenta. | a series of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared against the base excision repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase isolated from human placenta. spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with purified human placental uracil dna glycosylase were fused with either p3x63 ag8.653 or sp2/0 myeloma cells. hybridomas producing antibodies directed against the placental glycosylase were identified in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. each positive hybridoma was cloned twice by limit dilution and tested ... | 1983 | 6577457 |
| non-acidic pyrazoles: inhibition of prostaglandin production, carrageenan oedema and yeast fever. | prostaglandin production from mouse peritoneal macrophages was elicited by the tumour promoter 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (tpa). the inhibitory potency (ic50) of metamizole and its major metabolites as well as other non-acidic pyrazoles was defined in this system. a reliable ic50-value could not be assigned to metamizole. isopropylaminophenazone was as active as acetylsalicylic acid while aminophenazone and methylaminophenazone, the major metabolites of metamizole, were about 10 times ... | 1983 | 6604402 |
| the pharmacological profile of 2-(8-methyl-10,11-dihydro-11-oxodibenz[b,f]oxepin-2-yl)propionic acid (ad-1590), a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with potent antipyretic activity. | anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and gastrointestinal ulcerogenic activities of 2-(8-methyl-10,11-dihydro-11-oxodibenz(b,f]oxepin-2-yl)propionic acid (ad-1590), a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were compared with indomethacin (inn: indomethacin) and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaid) in experimental animals. ad-1590 showed the potent inhibitory activity on acute and subacute inflammation such as carrageenin hind paw edema (oral ed50 = 1.35 mg/kg), acetic acid ... | 1983 | 6607053 |
| [the iron-sulfur center n-2 from nadh-dehydrogenase during direct and reverse electron transport in the mitochondria of rat liver and the yeast endomyces magnusii]. | a dramatic decrease of the rate of transport of reducing equivalents from nadh to coenzyme q was observed in the 4th metabolic state (by chance). it was suggested that this decrease is due to the increase of total time of transition from the structural nonequilibrium state to the equilibrium one of the n-2 center. the structural nonequilibrium state of the center n-2 was observed only under the energy-dependent reverse electron transport, when the substrates for the reduction of coenzyme q were ... | 1983 | 6615899 |
| terconazole - a new broad-spectrum antifungal. | terconazole, a new triazole ketal, is found to be highly active in vitro on a wide range of yeasts and mycelium-forming fungi. the in vitro activity depends largely on the medium used. in vitro it is a potent antifungal agent in preventing the morphogenetic transformation of the yeast into the (pseudo-)mycelium form of candida albicans. in vivo terconazole is highly active in topical treatment of various experimental models of dermatophytosis and candidosis. it also possesses moderate oral broad ... | 1983 | 6617296 |
| preclinical toxicology studies with acyclovir: genetic toxicity tests. | acyclovir (acv), an antiviral drug active in the treatment of oral and genital herpes infections, has been evaluated for mutagenic and carcinogenic potential in a battery of in vitro and in vivo short-term assays. negative results were obtained in the following in vitro tests: ames salmonella, plate incorporation and preincubation modification assays; e. coli pola+/pola- dna repair; yeast (s. cerevisiae d4) gene conversion; chinese hamster ovary cells (hgprt, aprt loci and ouabain-resistance mar ... | 1983 | 6662301 |
| influence of cefoperazone on ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism in vitro. | the effect of cefoperazone on ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism was studied in rat liver homogenates and with a purified aldehyde dehydrogenase. rat liver homogenates were incubated with ethanol (30 mm) alone or in combination with cefoperazone (15 or 150 micrograms/g liver). ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations were determined at 6, 12, 18 and 24 minutes. cefoperazone added to the incubation medium inhibited ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism in a concentration-dependent manner. the addit ... | 1984 | 6706853 |
| subplantar yeast injection induces a non-naloxone reversible antinociception in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | spontaneously hypertensive (sh), wistar kyoto (wky) or sprague-dawley (sd) rats were tested for their responsiveness to noxious mechanical pressure before and after a subplantar yeast injection to the right rear paw. prior to the yeast injection, hypertensive animals were less responsive to pain relative to normotensive animals, as seen in the significantly greater pre-yeast latencies of sh compared to wky or sd rats. subplantar yeast injection produced hyperreactivity in the inflamed paws of wk ... | 1984 | 6733519 |
| two species of histone acetyltransferase in rat liver nuclei. | subcellular localization of histone acetyltransferase was studied in rat liver cells. two histone acetyltransferases, designated ni and nii, were identified in the nuclear fraction, and an additional two acetyltransferases, termed ci and cii, were separated from the cytoplasmic fraction. these acetyltransferases exhibited different substrate specificities toward free and nucleosomal histones. the enzymes ni and nii represented major histone acetyltransferase activities in rat liver nuclei, and t ... | 1984 | 6736037 |
| nitroreductase-mediated metabolic activation of 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole and binding to nucleic acids and proteins. | | 1982 | 6751523 |
| microbial mutation studies with tetrachlorvinphos (gardona)). | the mutagenic activity of tetrachlorvinphos was investigated in agar-layer cultures of escherichia coli wp2 and wp2 uvra, salmonella typhimurium ta1535, ta1538, ta98 and ta100. assays were carried out both in the presence and in the absence of s9 fractions of liver homogenates from rats and mice, both from untreated animals, and from animals pre-treated with aroclor 1254. the induction of mitotic gene conversion by tetrachlorvinphos was studied in stationary phase cultures of the yeast saccharom ... | 1982 | 6752704 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the 5' region of rat 18s rdna and adjoining spacer. | | 1982 | 6753847 |
| conversion of pteroylmonoglutamates into pteroylpolyglutamates. | | 1980 | 6768964 |
| animal toxicity studies with ammonium perfluorooctanoate. | these studies were conducted to evaluate the potential toxicity of ammonium perfluorooctanoate, a commercial surfactant. they include acute and subchronic feeding studies with rabbits, mice, rats and monkeys as well as in vitro mutagenicity assays with salmonella typhimurium and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the compound was non-irritating to the skin and moderately irritating to the eyes of rabbits. the rat oral ld50 was 540 mg/kg; no deaths resulted from a one hour rat inhalation exposure at a nom ... | 1980 | 6773404 |
| [effect of inorganic and yeast-borne tin on rats]. | tin incorporated in baker's yeast was applied to male wistar rats over 21 days. the doses corresponded to 1/500 or 1/50 of ld50 of sncl2 x 2h2o and 1/50 of ld50 of sncl2 x 2h2o. the effects on activities of certain selected enzymes as well as on tin levels in liver and kidneys were tested. some of the enzymes tested were found to reflect even exposures much below the point recordable from accumulation of the metal. serum lactate-dehydrogenase is recommended as a sensitive indicator enzyme in the ... | 1980 | 6776933 |
| blockade by l-lysine of non-narcotic analgesics. | the antinociceptive effects of the non-narcotic analgesics clonixin, flunixin, acetylsalicylic acid, aminopyrine and phenylbutazone in the yeast paw test were blocked by l-lysine. blockade occurred at doses of l-lysine which did not affect pain threshold. the site(s) or mechanism of action of blockade could not be determined with certainty. it appears unlikely that l-lysine prevented the analgesics from getting to active sites since plasma or brain levels of flunixin were not altered for up to 2 ... | 1980 | 6782234 |
| effects of dietary selenium and vitamin e on hepatic mixed-function oxidase activities and in vivo covalent binding of aflatoxin b1 in rats. | male weanling fischer-344 rats were fed a selenium (se)-vitamin e (ve) deficient torula yeast basal diet or that diet supplemented with a graded levels of se (0.2-6.0 ppm as na2seo3) or ve (100 iu/kg as all-rac-2-tocopheryl acetate), or both, for 4 or 6 weeks. se deficiency and excess (6.0 ppm) markedly depressed in vivo covalent binding of aflatoxin (afb1) to macromolecules in livers of rats killed 2 hours after an i.p. dose of 1 mg/kg tritiated afb1. ve supplementation had no effect. prior phe ... | 1982 | 6799626 |
| [biosynthesis and metabolism of phosphonolipids and phospholipids in rat hepatocytes and saccharomyces cerevisiae]. | in rat hepatocytes, ciliatine (2 aminoéthylphosphonic acid) is incorporated into phosphonolipid (pne) by the same pathway leading from phosphorylethanolamine to phospholipid (pe). the two resulting lipids are isolated from mitochondria and microsomes. the rates of biosynthesis are quite comparable; the processes of trimethylation and of in vitro transfer in the presence of a specific exchange protein are very similar. in yeast, on the other hand, the uptake of the two precursors is very slight, ... | 1982 | 6817817 |
| phylogenetic distribution of neuron-specific enolase. | neurons and neuroendocrine cells contain a unique isoenzyme of the glycolytic enzyme enolase which is not found in other cells. this acidic enolase isoenzyme has been designated neuron specific enolase or nse and is easily identified by its elution on deae sephadex. the present study shows that brain tissue from species such as yeast, fish and frog do not contain appreciable amounts of acidic "nse-like" enolase suggesting that lower species do not have this neuronal isoenzyme. | 1980 | 6969786 |
| deactivation of furyl furamide (af-2) by rat-liver microsomes and its implication in short-term tests for mutagenicity/carcinogenicity. | the genetic activity of af-2 in both bacteria and yeast rapidly disappeared in the presence of rat-liver microsomal fraction (s9 mix). incubation of af-2 with s9 mix even for 10 min at 37 degrees c was sufficient to inactivate it completely. data available in the literature suggest that activation of af-2 is necessary for its geno-toxic effect. the activation step may involve reduction of the nitrofuran to an amino group probably by the enzyme reductase i. most cultured cell systems, such as bac ... | 1980 | 6990237 |
| modulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with yeast glucan and methyl palmitate to alter the activity of the reticuloendothelial system. | | 1980 | 6993664 |
| [production and purification of thermolabile enterotoxin of escherichia coli (author's transl)]. | heat labile enterotoxin (lt toxin) of escherichia coli could be produced optimally and quantitatively in a trypticase soy broth with 0.2% yeast extract after 12 hours. treatment of the cells with polymyxin b increased the yield of lt toxin. after concentration by ammonium sulphate precipitation, the lt toxin fraction was separated successfully from other proteins by ultrogel aca-34 gel exclusion chromatography. a 0.15 mol/l tris-hcl buffer with gradually increasing ph was used as eluent. purity ... | 1980 | 6997202 |
| the pharmacological properties of fenbufen. a review. | gamma-oxo(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-butanoic acid (fenbufen) was shown to be an orally and parenterally effective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent in a variety of animal species. like other clinically active antiinflammatory drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (asa), indometacin and phenylbutazone, fenbufen has demonstrated potent activity in a variety of laboratory test systems including carageenin edema (rats), uv erythema (guinea pigs), adjuvant arthritis (rats), urate syn ... | 1980 | 7002162 |
| preparation of an experimental low-fluoride diet from single-cell organisms for rats and mice. | 1. a method for producing a standard low-fluoride diet from a green alga and yeast is described. chlorella pyrenoidosa was grown in a culture medium prepared with distilled water and analytical grade chemical salts. the spent culture medium from the alga culture was reclaimed and replenished with salts and sucrose for the production of yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. 2. the single-cell organisms were separated by centrifugation from their culture media and the dried cells were blended with sucr ... | 1980 | 7002212 |
| delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase from baker's yeast. purification, properties and its application in the assays of l-delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate and l-ornithine in tissue. | delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (l-proline:nad(p)+ 5-oxidoreductase, ec 1.5.1.2) from baker's yeast has been purified and characterized. purification to an apparently homogenous protein was effected by using 'reagent-grade' water containing dithiothreitol and by maintaining a constant ph 7.5, because of the instability of the enzyme protein. the enzyme was purified approximately 200-fold from the crude extract of baker's yeast, and it is a negatively-charged protein with a molecular we ... | 1980 | 7004492 |
| a general, fast, and sensitive micromethod for dna determination application to rat and mouse liver, rat hepatoma, human leukocytes, chicken fibroblasts, and yeast cells. | | 1981 | 7011093 |
| a two-dimensional gel electrophoretic procedure for the separation of complex mixtures of 4-12s rnas. | | 1981 | 7025700 |
| specific inactivation of glucose metabolism from eucaryotic cells by pentalenolactone. | pentalenolactone, an antibiotic related to the class of the sesquiterpene-lactones and produced by the strain streptomyces arenae tü-469, inhibits specifically the glucose metabolism by inactivation of the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate: nad oxidoreductase (phosphorylating) ed 1.2.1.1.2). the sensitivity of several eucaryotic cell-systems for pentalenolactone was shown under in vivo conditions. the glycolytic as well as the gluconeogenetic pathway o ... | 1982 | 7034785 |
| assay of the induction of mitotic crossing-over and aneuploidy in yeast by bc, 4cmb and 4hmb. | | 1982 | 7035882 |
| the activity of 4cmb, 4hmb and bc in saccharomyces cerevisiae jd1. | 3 structurally related compounds, 4-chloromethylbiphenyl (4cmb), 4-hydroxymethylbiphenyl (4hmb), and benzyl chloride (bc) were assayed for their ability to induce mitotic gene conversion in stationary phase cultures of the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae jd1. this strain allows gene conversion to be scored at 2 independent loci, trp 5 and his 4. the results reported in this paper indicate that both 4cmb and bc are genetically active in yeast, producing dose-related increases in mitotic gene conv ... | 1982 | 7035887 |
| mutagenicity of oil-shale ash. | 3 oil-shale ash samples were extracted with solvents and analyzed for mutagenicity with a number of tests systems. in salmonella typhimurium, the ash extracts were highly mutagenic with the ames his reversion and the ara-resistant systems. mutation induction by the ash in salmonella was independent of metabolic activation and was of the frameshift type. these ash extracts showed a substantial killing effect, but failed to induced ad-3 reversion in neurospora crassa, gene conversion and mitotic c ... | 1982 | 7035913 |
| the factor which aggregates nematode, yeast and liver phosphoglycerate kinase in trna. | 1. a factor isolated from the free-living nematode, turbatrix aceti and from yeast, causes aggregation of phosphoglycerate kinase from nematodes, yeast and rat liver. the rat muscle enzyme is not affected. 2. the aggregation factor is either identical to or very similar to trna, pure trna from yeast or escherichia coli, when mixed with nematode, yeast or rat liver phosphoglycerate kinase causes the enzyme to aggregate to higher mol. wt forms. both the natural factor and trna bring about similar ... | 1982 | 7037284 |
| [use of immobilization for the study of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. immobilized dimers of the enzyme]. | the immobilized dimers of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase have been obtained after dissociation of the tetrameric enzyme molecule linked by one of the subunits with sepharose 4b. the catalytic parameters (v, km and ph-dependence of activity) of the immobilized dimers and tetramers of the enzyme are identical. the immobilized dimers are capable of reassociating with the enzyme subunits from solution and possess a higher stability a compared to soluble dehydrogenase. the type of the dimer ... | 1982 | 7039694 |
| chemical structure and thermal properties of initiator trna from euphausia sperba in comparison with those of other eucaryotic initiator trnas. | the nucleotide sequence of initiator trna (trnaimet) from euphausia sperba, which was harvested in the antarctic sea, was determined to be pa-g-c-a-g-a-g-u-m1g-m2g-c-g-c-a-g-u-g-g-a-a-g-c-g-u-m2g-c-u-g-g-g-c-c-c-a-u-t6 a-a-c-c-c-a-g-a-g-m7g-u-c-g-g-u-a-g-a-psi-c-g-m1a-a-a-c-u-a-c-u-c-u-c-u-g-c-u-a -c-c-aoh by using post-labeling methods recently developed. the nucleotide sequence was very similar to that of mammalian trnaimet except for changes in six bases and three modifications: c16, u55, d47 ... | 1981 | 7040353 |
| use of adenine nucleotide derivatives to assess the potential of exo-active-site-directed reagents as species- or isozyme-specific enzyme inactivators. 5. interactions of adenosine 5'-triphosphate derivatives with rat pyruvate kinases, escherichia coli thymidine kinase, and yeast and rat hexokinases. | adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp) derivatives of the types n6-r-atp [r = (ch2)nnhcoch2i, (ch2)nnhco-(ch2)mnhcoch2i, or (ch2)ncon(me)(ch2)mn(me)co(ch2)nnhcoch2i], n6-me-n6-r-atp [r = (ch2)nn-(me)co(ch2)mnhcoch2i], and 8-r-atp [r = nm(ch2)nnhcoch2i] with 5--19 spacer atoms between n6 or c-8 and iodine have been evaluated as potential exo-atp-site-directed reagents for phosphokinases. substrate and inhibitor properties indicated that the compounds possessed affinity for the atp sites of the muscle (m ... | 1982 | 7040662 |
| comparative studies on the kinetic parameters and product analyses of chicken and rat liver and yeast fatty acid synthetase. | 1. comparative kinetics and product analyses of chicken and rat liver and yeast fatty acid synthetase. 2. vmax's for the three enzymes studied decrease with increasing primer chain-length, while km's (except for yeast) increases. 3. palmitate is the main product (approximately 90%) of the rat synthetase whereas palmitate (60%) and stearate (40%) are the products of chicken and yeast enzymes. increasing the primary chain length does not alter palmitate synthesis by rat and chicken enzymes but inc ... | 1982 | 7044669 |
| [protein quality of dietary yeast ribonucleic acid studied in growing rats. 2. effect of ribonucleic acid on n balance and urinary n fractions]. | in a balance trial with growing rats the influence of dietary ribonucleic acid (rna) on n-metabolism was tested. yeast-rna was supplied at four levels ranging from 7.8% to 31.2% of diets nitrogen (1.64% in dm from casein + dl-methionine). the mean apparent digestibility of the rna-n ingested was determined as 95%. of the rna-n consumed 16.6% were retained as measured by n-balance technique, whereas no retention of the rna-n was observed by body-n analysis. this discrepancy in rna-n retention was ... | 1981 | 7046690 |
| translation of poly(a) in eukaryotic cell-free systems. | translation of poly(a) in eukaryotic cell-free systems was investigated in comparison with that of poly(u), using the e. coli cell-free system as a control, and the following results were obtained. 1. poly(a) was not translated in the eukaryotic cell-free systems prepared from yeast, wheat embryos, and rat liver, whereas poly(u) was well translated in these systems. on the other hand, fairly good translation of poly(a) as well as poly(u) was observed in the e. coli cell-free system. 2. the ineff ... | 1982 | 7047515 |
| isolation of a bile salt sulfatase-producing clostridium strain from rat intestinal microflora. | bile acid sulfates, formed in human and rat livers, are desulfated by the intestinal microflora. in our study we first isolated from conventional rat feces an unnamed bacterium, termed strain s1, which desulfated the 5 beta-bile salt 3 alpha-sulfates in vitro and in vivo after association with gnotobiotic rats. strain s1 also possessed 12 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and bile salt-deconjugating activities. the strain was a strict anaerobic, co2-requiring, gram-negative, sporeforming rod an ... | 1982 | 7055372 |
| mitochondrial respiratory control. evidence against the regulation of respiration by extramitochondrial phosphorylation potentials or by [atp]/[adp] ratios. | to explore how mitochondria can respire at high physiological, extramitochondrial phosphorylation potentials, two series of experiments were conducted. in the first, intact rat liver mitochondria were incubated in oxygraph medium containing 5 mm succinate (+rotenone), 1.0 mm atp, 20 mm glucose, ph 7.2, at 37 degrees c. yeast hexokinase (0.02 to 1.0 iu) was added to establish steady state rates of respiration. samples were removed, assayed for atp, adp, and pi content, and ratios were calculated. ... | 1982 | 7061429 |
| evidence that peroxisomal acyl-coa synthetase is located at the cytoplasmic side of the peroxisomal membrane. | 1. subfractionation by isopycnic density-gradient centrifugation in self-generating percoll gradients of peroxisome-rich fractions prepared by differential centrifugation confirmed the presence of acyl-coa synthetase in peroxisomes. peroxisomes did not contain nicotinamide or adenine nucleotides other than coa. 2. the gradient fractions most enriched in peroxisomes were pooled and the peroxisomes sedimented by centrifugation, resulting in a 50-fold-purified peroxisomal preparation as revealed by ... | 1982 | 7115321 |
| studies on histone acetyltransferase. partial purification and basic properties. | a rapid and reproducible method for the purification of rat liver histone acetyltransferase is presented. extraction of nuclei in low salt, followed by phenyl-sepharose hydrophobic affinity chromatography, g-200 gel filtration in the presence of 1 m urea, cm-cellulose ion exchange and acetyllysine affinity chromatography minimize exposure of the enzyme to high salt. evidence is provided which indicates that the instability of the enzyme activity is due in part to hydrophobic interactions. the mo ... | 1982 | 7130185 |
| glucan-induced enhancement of host resistance in experimental intraabdominal sepsis. | glucan, a 1-3-polyglucosidic component of the cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae, was evaluated for its ability to alter survival in rats with induced intraabdominal sepsis. in four groups, each of 15 rats, the bacteriological flora was changed into that of humans by giving the animals a meat chew. intraabdominal sepsis was induced by resecting 1 cm of the intestine and reimplanting it in the abdominal cavity after reestablishing the intestinal continuity by one-layer end-to-end anastomosis. ... | 1982 | 7173285 |