| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from raw shellfish in poland. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium recognized as an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans consuming contaminated shellfish. in recent years, increasing resistance to ampicillin and aminoglycosides has been observed among v. parahaemolyticus isolates. however, the first-line antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones remained highly effective against these bacteria. the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of v. parahaemolyticus in live bivalve mollusc ... | 2015 | 25951402 |
| rna-seq analysis of macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas in response to vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | the malaysian giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important crustacean worldwide. however, production of this prawn is facing a serious threat from vibriosis disease caused by vibrio species such as vibrio parahaemolyticus. unfortunately, the mechanisms involved in the immune response of this species to bacterial infection are not fully understood. we therefore used a high-throughput deep sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome and comparative exp ... | 2015 | 25922623 |
| pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from biofouling on commercial vessels and harbor structures. | ballast water is a significant vector of microbial dissemination; however, biofouling on commercial vessel hulls has been poorly studied with regard to pathogenic bacteria transport. biofouling on three commercial vessels and seven port structures in ensenada, baja california, mexico, was examined by qpcr to identify and quantify vibrio parahaemolyticus, a worldwide recognized food-borne human pathogen. pathogenic variants (trh+, tdh+) of v. parahaemolyticus were detected in biofouling homogenat ... | 2015 | 25921866 |
| first detection of ampc β-lactamase bla(cmy-2) on a conjugative inca/c plasmid in a vibrio parahaemolyticus isolate of food origin. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important causative agent of gastroenteritis, with the consumption of contaminated seafood being the major transmission route. resistance to penicillin is common among v. parahaemolyticus strains, whereas cephalosporin resistance remains rare. in an attempt to assess the current prevalence and characteristics of antibiotic resistance of this pathogen in common food samples, a total of 54 (17% of the total samples) v. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from 318 m ... | 2015 | 25918142 |
| daxx from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei is involved in activation of nf-κb pathway. | death domain-associated factor 6 (daxx) is a fas-binding protein that mediates the activation of jun amino-terminal kinase (jnk) pathway and fas-induced apoptosis. in this study, a crustacean daxx (lvdaxx) was firstly cloned and identified from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. the lvdaxx cdna was 2644 bp in length with an open reading frame (orf) of 2217 bp. sequence analysis indicated that lvdaxx contained a single daxx domain and two nuclear localization signals (nlss) and shared a s ... | 2015 | 25917972 |
| improvement of the quantitation method for the tdh (+) vibrio parahaemolyticus in molluscan shellfish based on most-probable- number, immunomagnetic separation, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine microorganism that can cause seafood-borne gastroenteritis in humans. the infection can be spread and has become a pandemic through the international trade of contaminated seafood. strains carrying the tdh gene encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and/or the trh gene encoding the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) are considered to be pathogenic with the former gene being the most frequently found in clinical strains. however, their distribution frequency ... | 2015 | 25914681 |
| the c-fos and c-jun from litopenaeus vannamei play opposite roles in vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus infection. | growing evidence indicates that activator protein-1 (ap-1) plays a major role in stimulating the transcription of immune effector molecules in cellular response to an incredible array of stimuli, including growth factors, cytokines, cellular stresses and bacterial and viral infection. here, we reported the isolation and characterization of a cdna from litopenaeus vannamei encoding the full-length c-fos protein (named as lvc-fos). the predicted amino acid sequences of lvc-fos contained a basic-le ... | 2015 | 25912357 |
| genetic characterization of clinical and environmental vibrio parahaemolyticus from the northeast usa reveals emerging resident and non-indigenous pathogen lineages. | gastric infections caused by the environmentally transmitted pathogen, vibrio parahaemolyticus, have increased over the last two decades, including in many parts of the united states (us). however, until recently, infections linked to shellfish from the cool northeastern us waters were rare. cases have risen in the northeast, consistent with changes in local v. parahaemolyticus populations toward greater abundance or a shift in constituent pathogens. we examined 94 clinical isolates from a perio ... | 2015 | 25904905 |
| correction: characterization of trh2 harbouring vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in germany. | | 2015 | 25901603 |
| opar controls a network of downstream transcription factors in vibrio parahaemolyticus bb22op. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an emerging world-wide human pathogen that is associated with food-borne gastroenteritis when raw or undercooked seafood is consumed. expression of virulence factors in this organism is modulated by the phenomenon known as quorum sensing, which permits differential gene regulation at low versus high cell density. the master regulator of quorum sensing in v. parahaemolyticus is opar. opar not only controls virulence factor gene expression, but also the colony and cellul ... | 2015 | 25901572 |
| genome diversification within a clonal population of pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus seems to depend on the life circumstances of each individual bacteria. | new strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus that cause diarrhea in humans by seafood ingestion periodically emerge through continuous evolution in the ocean. influx and expansion in the southern chilean ocean of a highly clonal v. parahaemolyticus (serotype o3:k6) population from south east asia caused one of the largest seafood-related diarrhea outbreaks in the world. here, genomics analyses of isolates from this rapidly expanding clonal population offered an opportunity to observe the molecular evo ... | 2015 | 25880192 |
| [genetic characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus o3: k6 serovariant isolated in shenzhen]. | to characterize the o3: k6 serovariant of vibrio parahaemolyticus on virulence gene and molecular typing, and analyze the genetic relationship between o3: k6 and o3: k6 serovariants. | 2015 | 25876490 |
| gene expression profiles of vibrio parahaemolyticus in viable but non-culturable state. | viable but non-culturable (vbnc) state is referred to as a dormant state of non-sporulating bacteria enhancing the survival in adverse environments. to our knowledge, only few studies have been conducted on whole genomic expression of vibrio parahaemolyticus vbnc state. since a degradation of nucleic acids in v. vulnificus non-culturable state has been detected, we hypothesize that gene regulation of vbnc cells is highly reduced, downregulation of gene expression is dominant and only metabolic f ... | 2015 | 25873464 |
| a pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 clone causing most associated diarrhea cases in the pacific northwest coast of mexico. | between september and october of 2004, more than 1230 cases of gastroenteritis due to pandemic o3:k6 strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus (v. parahaemolyticus) were reported in the relatively small geographical area of southern sinaloa, a state located in northwest mexico. since then, v. parahaemolyticus-associated gastroenteritis cases have gradually increased in prevalence spreading from south to north. the present study conducted an epidemiological surveillance of v. parahaemolyticus strains in ... | 2015 | 25852677 |
| insights into the environmental reservoir of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus using comparative genomics. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an aquatic halophilic bacterium that occupies estuarine and coastal marine environments, and is a leading cause of seafood-borne food poisoning cases. to investigate the environmental reservoir and potential gene flow that occurs among v. parahaemolyticus isolates, the virulence-associated gene content and genome diversity of a collection of 133 v. parahaemolyticus isolates were analyzed. phylogenetic analysis of housekeeping genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ... | 2015 | 25852665 |
| draft whole-genome sequences of 14 vibrio parahaemolyticus clinical isolates with an ambiguous k serogroup. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a bacterial pathogen responsible for mild to severe gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia resulting from the ingestion or handling of raw or undercooked contaminated seafood. here, we report the draft whole-genome sequences and annotations of 14 canadian v. parahaemolyticus clinical isolates that were serologically identified as k group ii using polyvalent antisera but were not specifically k serogrouped using monovalent antisera. | 2015 | 25838480 |
| use of whole-genome phylogeny and comparisons for development of a multiplex pcr assay to identify sequence type 36 vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus sequence type 36 (st36) strains that are native to the pacific ocean have recently caused multistate outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to shellfish harvested from the atlantic ocean. whole-genome comparisons of 295 genomes of v. parahaemolyticus, including several traced to northeastern u.s. sources, were used to identify diagnostic loci, one putatively encoding an endonuclease (prp), and two others potentially conferring o-antigenic properties (cps and flp). the combin ... | 2015 | 25832299 |
| [collection of vibrio parahaemolyticus species members: phenotypic and genotypic characteristics]. | formation of vibrio parahaemolyticus collection according to modern methodical opportunities and understanding of causative agent biology. | 2015 | 25816506 |
| complete genome sequences of a clinical isolate and an environmental isolate of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-borne infections in the united states. we report complete genome sequences for two v. parahaemolyticus strains isolated in 2007, cdc_k4557 and fda_r31 of clinical and oyster origin, respectively. these two sequences might assist in the investigation of differential virulence of this organism. | 2015 | 25814612 |
| effect of climate change on the concentration and associated risks of vibrio spp. in dutch recreational waters. | currently, the number of reported cases of recreational- water-related vibrio illness in the netherlands is low. however, a notable higher incidence of vibrio infections has been observed in warm summers. in the future, such warm summers are expected to occur more often, resulting in enhanced water temperatures favoring vibrio growth. quantitative information on the increase in concentration of vibrio spp. in recreational water under climate change scenarios is lacking. in this study, data on oc ... | 2015 | 25809307 |
| carb-17 family of β-lactamases mediates intrinsic resistance to penicillins in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is commonly resistant to ampicillin, yet the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not clear. in this study, a novel class a carbenicillin-hydrolyzing β-lactamase (carb) family of β-lactamases, bla(carb-17), was identified and found to be responsible for the intrinsic penicillin resistance in v. parahaemolyticus. importantly, bla(carb-17)-like genes were present in all 293 v. parahaemolyticus genome sequences available in genbank and detectable in all 91 v. parahaemol ... | 2015 | 25801555 |
| characterization of trh2 harbouring vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in germany. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a recognized human enteropathogen. thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) as well as the type iii secretion system 2 (t3ss2) are considered as major virulence factors. as tdh positive strains are not detected in coastal waters of germany, we focused on the characterization of trh positive strains, which were isolated from mussels, seawater and patients in germany. | 2015 | 25799574 |
| the pathogenesis, detection, and prevention of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a gram-negative motile bacterium that inhabits marine and estuarine environments throughout the world, is a major food-borne pathogen that causes life-threatening diseases in humans after the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. the global occurrence of v. parahaemolyticus accentuates the importance of investigating its virulence factors and their effects on the human host. this review describes the virulence factors of v. parahaemolyticus reported to date, includi ... | 2015 | 25798132 |
| identification of immune response-related genes and signalling pathways in spleen of vibrio parahaemolyticus-infected epinephelus fuscoguttatus (forskal) by next-generation sequencing. | | 2016 | 25786532 |
| vgrg2 of type vi secretion system 2 of vibrio parahaemolyticus induces autophagy in macrophages. | type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a macromolecular transenvelope machine encoded within the genomes of several proteobacteria species. vibrio parahaemolyticus contains two putative t6ss systems, vpt6ss1 and vpt6ss2, both contributing to adherence to caco-2 and/or hela cells. however, it remains unknown if these systems are involved in cellular responses. in order to exclude the effects of other virulence factors known to induce cytotoxicity or autophagy, a triple deletion mutant dttt (with dele ... | 2015 | 25784905 |
| characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus clinical strains from maryland (2012-2013) and comparisons to a locally and globally diverse v. parahaemolyticus strains by whole-genome sequence analysis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses in the us associated with the consumption of raw shellfish. previous population studies of v. parahaemolyticus have used multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) or pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). whole genome sequencing (wgs) provides a much higher level of resolution, but has been used to characterize only a few united states (us) clinical isolates. here we report the wgs characterization of 34 genomes of v. parahaemolyticu ... | 2015 | 25745421 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with enrichment culture for rapid detection of very low numbers of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood samples. | the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a rapid and effective method to detect vibrio parahaemolyticus, a leading pathogen causing seafood-borne gastroenteritis. a newly designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay including a short enrichment period was optimized. this assay correctly detected all the target strains (n=61) but none of the non-target strains (n=34). very low numbers of v. parahaemolyticus (2 colony forming unit (cfu) per gram of seafood) could be detect ... | 2015 | 25744462 |
| interaction between the type iii effector vopo and gef-h1 activates the rhoa-rock pathway. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important pathogen that causes food-borne gastroenteritis in humans. the type iii secretion system encoded on chromosome 2 (t3ss2) plays a critical role in the enterotoxic activity of v. parahaemolyticus. previous studies have demonstrated that t3ss2 induces actin stress fibers in various epithelial cell lines during infection. this stress fiber formation is strongly related to pathogenicity, but the mechanisms that underlie t3ss2-dependent actin stress fiber format ... | 2015 | 25738744 |
| molecular characterization of lvav in response to white spot syndrome virus infection in the pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei). | litopenaeus vannamei is the most important farmed shrimp species globally, but its production is affected by several factors, including infectious disease. white spot syndrome virus (wssv), in particular, causes significant shrimp losses. to understand the shrimp's immune response against wssv, we cloned lvav from l. vannamei and analyzed its expression pattern in different tissues, in addition to its expression following infection. we employed dsrna and recombinant (r)lvav to explore the potent ... | 2015 | 25735872 |
| intracellular survival of virulence and low-virulence strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus in epinephelus awoara macrophages and peripheral leukocytes. | in this study, we examined the virulence factors and pathogenesis of vibrio parahaemolyticus in epinephelus awoara. the chemotactic motility of v. parahaemolyticus for phagocytosis and intracellular survival in fish macrophages was determined using virulence strains and low-virulence strains of v. parahaemolyticus. we found that the intracellular mean number of virulence strains of v. parahaemolyticus ranged from 0-180 min after co-incubation with macrophages and peripheral leukocytes, was relat ... | 2015 | 25730008 |
| incidence of multidrug resistant vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from ponnani, south india. | the prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus has been reported from ponnani earlier, however incidence of multidrug resistant strains have been encountered recently in clinical laboratories. the source for such strains and their presence in this major fish landing centre has been investigated. | 2014 | 25705353 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from retail shrimps in malaysia. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine and estuarine bacterium that has been the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks which leads to a significant threat to human health worldwide. consumption of seafood contaminated with v. parahaemolyticus causes acute gastroenteritis in individuals. the bacterium poses two main virulence factor including the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) which is a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans and tdh-related hemolysi ... | 2015 | 25688239 |
| characterization and expression analysis of toll-like receptor 2 gene in large yellow croaker, larimichthys crocea. | toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) plays an important role in innate immune responses. here we describe the isolation and characterization of the full-length cdna sequence of toll-like receptor 2 in large yellow croaker larimichthys crocea (lctlr2). the lctlr2 cdna contains a 5'-terminal untranslated region (5'-utr) of 135 bp, an open reading frame (orf) of 2478 bp encoding a polypeptide of 825 amino acid residues and a 3'-utr of 50 bp. subcellular localization analysis suggested that the lctlr2-pegfp ... | 2015 | 25687392 |
| transoceanic spreading of pathogenic strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus with distinctive genetic signatures in the reca gene. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human pathogen whose transmission is associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood. consistent multilocus sequence typing for v. parahaemolyticus has shown difficulties in the amplification of the reca gene by pcr associated with a lack of amplification or a larger pcr product than expected. in one strain (090-96, peru, 1996), the produced pcr product was determined to be composed of two reca fragments derived from different vibrio species. to be ... | 2015 | 25679989 |
| phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates recovered from diarrhea cases in guangdong province, china. | vibrio parahaemolyticus has emerged as a common foodborne pathogen of global concern. in this study, 108 v. parahaemolyticus isolates that recovered from diarrhea cases (n=96) and seafood products (n=12) in guangdong province from 2007 to 2011 were characterized by serotyping, tdh and trh toxin gene detection and multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the dominant serotypes from the cases were o3:k6, o4:k8 and o1: kut (untyped). however, most isolates recovered from seafood products belonged to othe ... | 2015 | 25662708 |
| roles of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the world, often associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. however, not all strains of v. parahaemolyticus are pathogenic. the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) or tdh-related hemolysin (trh) encoded by tdh and trh genes, respectively, are considered major virulence factors in v. parahaemolyticus. however, about 10% of clinical strains do not contain tdh and/or trh. environmental iso ... | 2014 | 25657643 |
| epidemiological evidence of lesser role of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-related hemolysin (trh) than tdh on vibrio parahaemolyticus pathogenicity. | vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying the tdh gene, encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), or the trh gene, encoding the tdh-related hemolysin (trh), are both considered virulent strains. there are, however, disproportionally fewer reports of infections caused by seafood contaminated with trh-positive strains than by seafood contaminated with tdh-positive strains. bivalves such as clams and oysters are the major seafood varieties associated with the infections. in this study, the prevalenc ... | 2015 | 25646967 |
| draft genome sequences of four vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from clinical cases in canada. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis following ingestion of contaminated seafood. this report presents the draft genome sequences of four clinical strains of v. parahaemolyticus isolated in canada. all four strains lack traditional pathogenic markers and possess uniquely individual characteristics identified using other typing criteria. | 2015 | 25635013 |
| [etiologic characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus strains causing outbreaks and sporadic cases in guangdong, 2013]. | to study the serotypes, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and molecular characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from outbreaks and sporadic cases in guangdong, 2013. | 2014 | 25623459 |
| long-term study of vibrio parahaemolyticus prevalence and distribution in new zealand shellfish. | the food-borne pathogen vibrio parahaemolyticus has been reported as being present in new zealand (nz) seawaters, but there have been no reported outbreaks of food-borne infection from commercially grown nz seafood. our study determined the current incidence of v. parahaemolyticus in nz oysters and greenshell mussels and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus tdh and trh strains. pacific (235) and dredge (21) oyster samples and mussel samples (55) were obtained from commercial shellfish-growing a ... | 2015 | 25616790 |
| epidemic clones, oceanic gene pools, and eco-ld in the free living marine pathogen vibrio parahaemolyticus. | we investigated global patterns of variation in 157 whole-genome sequences of vibrio parahaemolyticus, a free-living and seafood associated marine bacterium. pandemic clones, responsible for recent outbreaks of gastroenteritis in humans, have spread globally. however, there are oceanic gene pools, one located in the oceans surrounding asia and another in the mexican gulf. frequent recombination means that most isolates have acquired the genetic profile of their current location. we investigated ... | 2015 | 25605790 |
| identification of a serum amyloid a gene and the association of snps with vibrio-resistance and growth traits in the clam meretrix meretrix. | serum amyloid a (saa), an acute response protein as well as an apolipoprotein, is considered to play crucial roles in both innate immunity and lipid metabolism. in this study, a saa gene (mmsaa) was identified in the clam meretrix meretrix. the full length dna of mmsaa was 1407bp, consisting of three exons and two introns. the distribution of mmsaa in clam tissues was examined with the highest expression in hepatopancreas. in response to the vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, mmsaa mrna showed s ... | 2015 | 25602707 |
| complete genome sequence of vpkk5, a novel vibrio parahaemolyticus lytic siphophage. | this paper describes the complete sequence of a novel lytic marine siphophage, vpkk5, that is specific to vibrio parahemolyticus. | 2015 | 25573936 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus strengthens their virulence through modulation of cellular reactive oxygen species in vitro. | vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) is one of the emergent food-borne pathogens that are commensally associated with various shellfish species throughout the world. it is strictly environmental and many strains are pathogenic to humans. the virulent strains cause distinct diseases, including wound infections, septicemia, and most commonly, acute gastroenteritis, which is acquired through the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood, especially shellfish. vp has two type three secretion systems (t3sss) ... | 2014 | 25566508 |
| h-ns is a repressor of major virulence gene loci in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a leading cause of seafood-associated diarrhea and gastroenteritis, harbors three major virulence gene loci t3ss1, vp-pai (t3ss1+tdh2) and t6ss2. as showing in this study, the nucleoid-associated dna-binding regulator h-ns binds to multiple promoter-proximal regions in each of the above three loci to repress their transcription, and moreover h-ns inhibits the cytotoxicitiy, enterotoxicity, hemolytic activity, and mouse lethality of v. parahaemolyticus. h-ns appears to ac ... | 2014 | 25566201 |
| a c-type lectin (lvctl4) from litopenaeus vannamei is a downstream molecule of the nf-κb signaling pathway and participates in antibacterial immune response. | c-type lectins (ctls) play multiple roles in innate immune defense against invading pathogens in both vertebrates and invertebrates. in this study, a new c-type lectin gene from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei (designated as lvctl4) was cloned by rapid amplification of the cdna ends (race) method. the full-length cdna of lvctl4 was 563 bp with open reading frame (orf) of 471 bp encoding a polypeptide of 156 amino acids, including a putative signal sequence and a single c-type lectin-li ... | 2015 | 25559446 |
| bacteriostatic suppression in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) exposed to manganese or hypoxia under pressure of ocean acidification. | future ocean acidification (oa) and warming following climate change elicit pervasive stressors to the inhabitants of the sea. previous experimental exposure to oa for 16 weeks at ph levels predicted for 2100 has shown to result in serious immune suppression of the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus. the lobsters are currently affected by stressors such as periodical hypoxia inducing high levels of bioavailable manganese (mn). here, we aimed to investigate possible effects of interactions betwe ... | 2015 | 25553539 |
| field and experimental evidence of vibrio parahaemolyticus as the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease of cultured shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) in northwestern mexico. | moribund shrimp affected by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) from farms in northwestern mexico were sampled for bacteriological and histological analysis. bacterial isolates were molecularly identified as vibrio parahaemolyticus by the presence of the tlh gene. the tdh-negative, trh-negative, and tlh-positive v. parahaemolyticus strains were further characterized by repetitive extragenic palindromic element-pcr (rep-pcr), and primers ap1, ap2, ap3, and ap and an ems2 iq2000 detect ... | 2015 | 25548045 |
| identification and function of 11 rab gtpases in giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | rab gtpases, members of the ras-like gtpase superfamily, are central elements in endocytic membrane trafficking. however, little is known of the rab genes in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. in this study, 11 rab genes were identified from m. rosenbergii. all mrrabs have a rab domain. phylogenetic analysis showed that these 11 mrrabs were divided into different groups. the mrrab genes were ubiquitously expressed in heart, hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gills, stomach, and intest ... | 2015 | 25542378 |
| metadynamics simulations reveal a na+ independent exiting path of galactose for the inward-facing conformation of vsglt. | sodium-galactose transporter (sglt) is a secondary active symporter which accumulates sugars into cells by using the electrochemical gradient of na+ across the membrane. previous computational studies provided insights into the release process of the two ligands (galactose and sodium ion) into the cytoplasm from the inward-facing conformation of vibrio parahaemolyticus sodium/galactose transporter (vsglt). several aspects of the transport mechanism of this symporter remain to be clarified: (i) a ... | 2014 | 25522004 |
| comparative genomic analysis of clinical and environmental strains provides insight into the pathogenicity and evolution of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative halophilic bacterium. infections with the bacterium could become systemic and can be life-threatening to immunocompromised individuals. genome sequences of a few clinical isolates of v. parahaemolyticus are currently available, but the genome dynamics across the species and virulence potential of environmental strains on a genome-scale have not been described before. | 2014 | 25518728 |
| role of vcrd1 protein in expression and secretion of flagellar components in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vcrd1 protein is a component of type iii secretion system (t3ss) 1 in vibrio parahaemolyticus. a comparative analysis of secretomes of wild-type and δvcrd1 strains revealed that the mutant was defective in secretion of diverse proteins including several flagellar components. western blot analyses using specific antibodies confirmed that the secretion of at least four flagellar components, such as flaa, flgl, flge, and flgm, was affected by the vcrd1 mutation, which was consistent with decreased ... | 2015 | 25516430 |
| environmental parameters influence on the dynamics of total and pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus densities in crassostrea virginica harvested from mexico's gulf coast. | the influence of environmental parameters on the total and pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus seasonal densities in american oysters (crassostrea virginica) was evaluated for 1 year. harvesting site a yielded the highest mean densities of v. parahaemolyticus tlh+, tdh+/trh-, tdh-/trh+ and tdh+/trh+ during spring season at 2.57, 1.74, 0.36, and -0.40 log10 mpn/g, respectively, and tdh+/orf8+ during winter season (0.90 log10 mpn/g). v. parahaemolyticus tlh+ densities were associated to salinity (r ... | 2015 | 25510545 |
| molecular characterization of thioredoxin-1 and thioredoxin reductase activity in mud crab scylla paramamosain. | the thioredoxin (trx) system consists of thioredoxin reductase (trxr), trx, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph). trxr is an nadph-dependent oxidoreductase. trx is a ubiquitous small protein with a redox-active disulfide bridge that plays important regulatory roles in some vital metabolic reactions. in this study, a cdna sequence (sptrx1) showing high identity to the first trx gene was isolated from a hepatopancreas cdna library of the mud crab scylla paramamosain. the full-le ... | 2014 | 25501236 |
| efficacy of low-temperature high hydrostatic pressure processing in inactivating vibrio parahaemolyticus in culture suspension and oyster homogenate. | culture suspensions of five clinical and five environmental vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in 2% nacl solution were subjected to high pressure processing (hpp) under various conditions (200-300mpa for 5 and 10 min at 1.5-20°c) to study differences in pressure resistance among the strains. the most pressure-resistant and pressure-sensitive strains were selected to investigate the effects of low temperatures (15, 5 and 1.5°c) on hpp (200 or 250mpa for 5 min) to inactivate v. parahaemolyticus in s ... | 2015 | 25498471 |
| regulation of vibrio parahaemolyticus t3ss2 gene expression and function of t3ss2 effectors that modulate actin cytoskeleton. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading causative agent of seafood-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. most clinical isolates from patients with diarrhoea possess two sets of genes for the type iii secretion system (t3ss) on each chromosome (t3ss1 and t3ss2). t3ss is a protein secretion system that delivers effector proteins directly into eukaryotic cells. the injected effectors modify the normal cell functions by altering or disrupting the normal cell signalling pathways. of the two sets of t3ss gene ... | 2015 | 25495647 |
| insights into vibrio parahaemolyticus chn25 response to artificial gastric fluid stress by transcriptomic analysis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the causative agent of food-borne gastroenteritis disease. once consumed, human acid gastric fluid is perhaps one of the most important environmental stresses imposed on the bacterium. herein, for the first time, we investigated vibrio parahaemolyticus chn25 response to artificial gastric fluid (agf) stress by transcriptomic analysis. the bacterium at logarithmic growth phase (lgp) displayed lower survival rates than that at stationary growth phase (sgp) under a sub-le ... | 2014 | 25490137 |
| transcriptome and expression profiling analysis of the hemocytes reveals a large number of immune-related genes in mud crab scylla paramamosain during vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | mud crab scylla paramamosain is an economically important marine species in china. however, frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by marine bacteria, such as vibrio parahaemolyticus, result in great economic losses. | 2014 | 25486443 |
| structure-based analysis of domain function of chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the x-ray crystal structure of chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase from vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp-cod) was determined at an 1.35 å resolution. the amino acid sequence and structure of vp-cod show that the enzyme comprises one polysaccharide deacetylase domain (pdd) and two carbohydrate-binding domains (cbds). on the basis of a chitin-binding assay with vp-cod and its cbds-deleted mutant, it was confirmed that cbds can adhere to chitin. the catalytic activity of the cbds-deleted mutant was only ... | 2015 | 25479092 |
| intervention strategies for reducing vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood: a review. | vibrio parahaeomolyticus, a natural inhabitant in estuarine marine water, has been frequently isolated from seafood. it has been recognized as the leading causative agent for seafoodborne illness all over the world. numerous physical, chemical, and biological intervention methods for reducing v. parahaeomolyticus in seafood products have been investigated and practiced. each intervention method has distinct advantages and disadvantages depending on the processing needs and consumer preference. t ... | 2015 | 25472618 |
| association of crispr/cas evolution with vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors and genotypes. | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr), which is considered to be an immune system for bacteria, has been widely used as a tool for genome editing and genotyping. it has also been reported to be associated with virulence factors in some bacteria. to understand the role of crispr in the virulence and evolution of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus, 154 v. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from clinical samples and 54 strains from food samples taken in shenzhen, china w ... | 2015 | 25455966 |
| recreational swimmers' exposure to vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus in the chesapeake bay, maryland, usa. | vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus are ubiquitous in the marine-estuarine environment, but the magnitude of human non-ingestion exposure to these waterborne pathogens is largely unknown. we evaluated the magnitude of dermal exposure to v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus among swimmers recreating in vibrio-populated waters by conducting swim studies at four swimming locations in the chesapeake bay in 2009 and 2011. volunteers (n=31) swam for set time periods, and surface water (n=25 ... | 2015 | 25454225 |
| development of a matrix tool for the prediction of vibrio species in oysters harvested from north carolina. | the united states has federal regulations in place to reduce the risk of seafood-related infection caused by the estuarine bacteria vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus. however, data to support the development of regulations have been generated in a very few specific regions of the nation. more regionally specific data are needed to further understand the dynamics of human infection relating to shellfish-harvesting conditions in other areas. in this study, oysters and water were collec ... | 2015 | 25452288 |
| the role of cu/zn-sod and mn-sod in the immune response to oxidative stress and pathogen challenge in the clam meretrix meretrix. | the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cu/zn-sod) and manganese superoxide dismutase (mn-sod) could effectively eliminate reactive oxygen species (ros) and maintain the redox balance of immune system. in the present study, the potential synergy of cu/zn-sod and mn-sod in immune system was investigated in the clam meretrix meretrix. the expression of cu/zn-sod mainly distributed in hepatopancreas and that of mn-sod was higher in gill of m. meretrix, and their mrna and protein activity paralleled w ... | 2015 | 25449371 |
| prevalence and quantification of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus during shrimp culture in thailand. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis. the human pathogenic strains possess tdh or trh or both genes. in thai shrimp farming, the level of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus contamination has not been completely characterized, although it has been identified as a risk for people who consume undercooked shrimp. in this study, the prevalence and concentration of v. parahaemolyticus (total vp) and pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus (tdh+ vp and trh+ vp) were investigated ... | 2014 | 25449321 |
| genetic variation in vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the aquacultural environments. | environmental strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus, a foodborne pathogen, were isolated from milkfish and grouper aquaculture facilities in southern taiwan and characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and polymerase chain reaction targeting on the virulence-associated and genomic island (vpai) marker genes. analyses of 62 environmental isolates, including two putative pathogenic isolates, by noti-pfge revealed 11 pulse-type clusters with a similarity of 85%. some of the t3ss2α-asso ... | 2015 | 25442717 |
| antibiotic activity and microbial community of the temperate sponge, haliclona sp. | sessile marine invertebrates engage in a diverse array of beneficial interactions with bacterial symbionts. one feature of some of these relationships is the presence of bioactive natural products that can defend the holobiont from predation, competition or disease. in this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity and microbial community of a common temperate sponge from coastal north carolina. | 2015 | 25431341 |
| identification of a second substrate-binding site in solute-sodium symporters. | the structure of the sodium/galactose transporter (vsglt), a solute-sodium symporter (sss) from vibrio parahaemolyticus, shares a common structural fold with leut of the neurotransmitter-sodium symporter family. structural alignments between leut and vsglt reveal that the crystallographically identified galactose-binding site in vsglt is located in a more extracellular location relative to the central substrate-binding site (s1) in leut. our computational analyses suggest the existence of an add ... | 2015 | 25398883 |
| distribution and growth of vibrio parahaemolyticus in southern chilean clams (venus antiqua) and blue mussels (mytilus chilensis). | we evaluated the distribution and growth of vibrio parahaemolyticus in the inland sea of southern chile, where the world's largest foodborne gastroenteritis outbreak by the pandemic strain o3:k6 occurred in 2005. intertidal samples of mytilus chilensis and venus antiqua were collected around port towns between 41°28's and 43°07's, during april to may 2011 and january to march 2012. we used most probable number real-time polymerase chain reaction (mpn-pcr) for enumeration of the tlh, tdh, and trh ... | 2015 | 25383987 |
| risk factors for sporadic vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis in east china: a matched case-control study - corrigendum. | | 2015 | 25345865 |
| [metabolome response to tdh expression of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus induced by different temperatures]. | we studied the metabolome responses to different relative virulence gene expression of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus based on reverse transcription real-time pcr (rt-pcr) and metabolomics. | 2014 | 25345019 |
| generation and characterization of a scfv antibody against t3ss needle of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic gram-negative bacterium, is a food-borne pathogen that largely inhabits marine and estuarine environments, and poses a serious threat to human and animal health all over the world. the hollow "needle" channel, a specific assemble of t3ss which exists in most of gram-negative bacteria, plays a key role in the transition of virulence effectors to host cells. in this study, needle protein vp1694 was successfully expressed and purified, and the fusion protein tr ... | 2014 | 25320414 |
| temperature effect on high salinity depuration of vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus from the eastern oyster (crassostrea virginica). | vibrio vulnificus (vv) and vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) are opportunistic human pathogens naturally associated with the eastern oyster crassostrea virginica. the abundances of both pathogens in oysters are positively correlated with temperature, thus ingestion of raw oysters during the warm summer months is a risk factor for contracting illness from these bacteria. current post-harvest processing (php) methods for elimination of these pathogens are expensive and kill the oyster, changing their o ... | 2015 | 25310264 |
| ampylation of rho gtpases subverts multiple host signaling processes. | rho gtpases are frequent targets of virulence factors as they are keystone signaling molecules. herein, we demonstrate that ampylation of rho gtpases by vops is a multifaceted virulence mechanism that counters several host immunity strategies. activation of nfκb, erk, and jnk kinase signaling pathways were inhibited in a vops-dependent manner during infection with vibrio parahaemolyticus. phosphorylation and degradation of ikbα were inhibited in the presence of vops as was nuclear translocation ... | 2014 | 25301945 |
| structural and regulatory mutations in vibrio parahaemolyticus type iii secretion systems display variable effects on virulence. | the gram-negative bacterium, vibrio parahaemolyticus, is a major cause of seafood-derived food poisoning throughout the world. the pathogenicity of v. parahaemolyticus is attributed to several virulence factors, including two type iii secretion systems (t3ss), t3ss1 and t3ss2. herein, we compare the virulence of v. parahaemolyticus por strains, which harbor a mutation in the t3ss needle apparatus of either system, to v. parahaemolyticus cab strains, which harbor mutations in positive transcripti ... | 2014 | 25288215 |
| characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in southern thailand. | vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from shrimp of five farms located in the pattani and songkhla provinces of southern thailand. using a pcr method targeted to the unique dna sequences derived from the plasmid (ap2 primers) and the toxin gene (ap3 primers) of v. parahaemolyticus that caused acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd), a total of 33 of 108 isolates were positive. in contrast, all 63 and 66 isolates of clinical and environmental v. parahaemolyticus, respectively, obtained pr ... | 2015 | 25287127 |
| [o3:k6 serogroup vibrio parahaemolyticus - the causative agent of food toxic infection outbreaks in primorsky region of russian federation]. | comparative evaluation of biological properties of parahemolytic vibrios that had determined outbreaks and sporadic cases of food toxic infection in primorsky region in 2012 and previous years. materials and methods: 40 clinical strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated in 2012 were studied in comparison with 62 strains from this region that had been characterized by us previously. virulence was evaluated by a complex method: hemolytic activitywas determined in kanagawa test (kt), urease - in ... | 2014 | 25286530 |
| occurrence of vibrio vulnificus and toxigenic vibrio parahaemolyticus on sea catfishes from galveston bay, texas. | dorsal and pectoral fin spines from two species of sea catfishes (bagre marinus and ariopsis felis) landed at 54 sites in galveston bay, texas, and its sub-bays from june to october 2005 were screened with traditional cultivation-based assays and quantitative pcr assays for vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus. v. vulnificus was present on 51.2% of fish (n = 247), with an average of 403 ± 337 sd cells g(-1). v. parahaemolyticus was present on 94.2% (n = 247); 12.8% tested positive for t ... | 2014 | 25285498 |
| homologues of insecticidal toxin complex genes within a genomic island in the marine bacterium vibrio parahaemolyticus. | three insecticidal toxin complex (tc)-like genes were identified in vibrio parahaemolyticus 13-028/a3, which can cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in penaeid shrimp. the three genes are a tcda-like gene (7710 bp), predicted to code for a 284-kda protein; a tcdb-like gene (4272 bp), predicted to code for a 158-kda protein; and a tccc3-like gene (2916 bp), predicted to encode a 107-kda protein. all three predicted proteins contain conserved domains that are characteristic of their resp ... | 2014 | 25272969 |
| toxicological responses of the hard clam meretrix meretrix exposed to excess dissolved iron or challenged by vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the responses of genes encoding defense components such as ferritin, the lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor (litaf), the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κb (iκb), metallothionein, and glutathione peroxidase were assessed at the transcriptional level in order to investigate the toxicological and immune mechanism of the hard clam meretrix meretrix (hcmm) following challenge with iron or a bacterium (vibrio parahaemolyticus). fe dissolved in natural seawater led to an increas ... | 2014 | 25269138 |
| comparative rna-seq based dissection of the regulatory networks and environmental stimuli underlying vibrio parahaemolyticus gene expression during infection. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading worldwide cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis, yet little is known regarding its intraintestinal gene expression or physiology. to date, in vivo analyses have focused on identification and characterization of virulence factors--e.g. a crucial type iii secretion system (t3ss2)--rather than genome-wide analyses of in vivo biology. here, we used rna-seq to profile v. parahaemolyticus gene expression in infected infant rabbits, which mimic human infecti ... | 2014 | 25262354 |
| multivalent adhesion molecule 7 clusters act as signaling platform for host cellular gtpase activation and facilitate epithelial barrier dysfunction. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an emerging bacterial pathogen which colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and can cause severe enteritis and bacteraemia. during infection, v. parahaemolyticus primarily attaches to the small intestine, where it causes extensive tissue damage and compromises epithelial barrier integrity. we have previously described that multivalent adhesion molecule (mam) 7 contributes to initial attachment of v. parahaemolyticus to epithelial cells. here we show that the bacterial ad ... | 2014 | 25255250 |
| identification of a novel vaccine candidate by immunogenic screening of vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane proteins. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important halophilous pathogen that can cause not only a broad range of disease in aquatic animals but also serious seafood-borne illness in humans as a result of the consumption of seafood. to avoid the use of antibiotics, it is critical to identify protective antigens for developing highly effective vaccines against this pathogen. outer membrane proteins (omps) have been suggested as potential vaccine candidates for conferring protection against infection. in this ... | 2014 | 25236587 |
| population structure of clinical vibrio parahaemolyticus from 17 coastal countries, determined through multilocus sequence analysis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of food-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. although this bacterium has been the subject of much research, the population structure of clinical strains from worldwide collections remains largely undescribed, and the recorded outbreaks of v. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis highlight the need for the subtyping of this species. we present a broad phylogenetic analysis of 490 clinical v. parahaemolyticus isolates from 17 coastal countries through multilocus s ... | 2014 | 25225911 |
| [apha is an activator of c-di-gmp synthesis and biofilm formation in vibrio parahaemolyticus]. | to study the regulation mechanism of biofilm formation c-di-gmp synthesisby apha in vibrio parahaemolyticus, by using phenotypic and molecular biochemical experiments. | 2014 | 25199251 |
| draft genome sequences of four strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus, three of which cause early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in shrimp in china and thailand. | we sequenced four vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, three of which caused serious acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. sequence analysis of the virulent strains revealed not only genes related to cholera toxin and the type iv pilus/type iv secretion system but also a unique, previously unreported, large extrachromosomal plasmid that encodes a homolog to the insecticidal photorhabdus insect-related binary toxin pirab. | 2014 | 25189578 |
| identification and expression analysis of immune-related genes linked to rel/nf-κb signaling pathway under stresses and bacterial challenge from the small abalone haliotis diversicolor. | inhibitor of nf-κb (iκb), nuclear factor-κb (nf-κb), and akirin2 are all important members of rel/nf-κb signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in regulating the innate immune response of vertebrates and invertebrates. in this study, the iκb (saiκb) and akirin2 (saakirin2) cdnas of small abalone haliotis diversicolor were cloned and characterized. the full length cdna of saiκb and saakirin2 were 1748 bp and 1452 bp respectively, encoding a protein of 401 aa and 187 aa respectively. a conse ... | 2014 | 25158315 |
| regulation of the expression of the vibrio parahaemolyticus peua gene encoding an alternative ferric enterobactin receptor. | a pvsb-vcta-irga triple deletion mutant of vibrio parahaemolyticus can utilize enterobactin under iron-limiting conditions by inducing a previously undescribed receptor, peua (vpa0150), in response to extracellular alkaline ph and enterobactin. in silico analyses revealed the existence of a two-component regulatory system operon, peurs, immediately upstream of peua, which constitutes an operon with the tonb2 system genes. both the peurs and peua-tonb2 operons were found to be upregulated under i ... | 2014 | 25148374 |
| survival of normal and chlorine-stressed pathogenic and non-pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus under adverse conditions. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human pathogen which can cause gastroenteritis when consumed in raw or partially-cooked seafood. the pathogenesis of v. parahaemolyticus is based on the presence of virulence factors: the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh), encoded by the tdh and trh genes, respectively. | 2014 | 25147689 |
| detection of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) in mexico. | acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd), which has also been referred to as early mortality syndrome (ems), initially emerged as a destructive disease of cultured shrimp species in asia in 2009. the pathogen associated with the disease, vibrio parahaemolyticus, subsequently spread to the western hemisphere and emerged in mexico in early 2013. the spread to the western hemisphere is a major concern to shrimp producers in the region. to date, the only peer-reviewed published method for det ... | 2014 | 25144120 |
| performance comparison of second- and third-generation sequencers using a bacterial genome with two chromosomes. | the availability of diverse second- and third-generation sequencing technologies enables the rapid determination of the sequences of bacterial genomes. however, identifying the sequencing technology most suitable for producing a finished genome with multiple chromosomes remains a challenge. we evaluated the abilities of the following three second-generation sequencers: roche 454 gs junior (gs jr), life technologies ion pgm (ion pgm), and illumina miseq (miseq) and a third-generation sequencer, t ... | 2014 | 25142801 |
| remodeling of the intestinal brush border underlies adhesion and virulence of an enteric pathogen. | intestinal colonization by vibrio parahaemolyticus-the most common cause of seafood-borne bacterial enteritis worldwide-induces extensive disruption of intestinal microvilli. in orogastrically infected infant rabbits, reorganization of the apical brush border membrane includes effacement of some microvilli and marked elongation of others. all diarrhea, inflammation, and intestinal pathology associated with v. parahaemolyticus infection are dependent upon one of its type 3 secretion systems (t3ss ... | 2014 | 25139905 |
| high-quality draft genomes of two vibrio parahaemolyticus strains aid in understanding acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease of cultured shrimps in mexico. | the high-quality draft genomes of two vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, one that causes the acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) in cultured shrimps (fim-s1708(+)), and another that does not (fim-s1392(-)) are reported. a chromosome-scale assembly for the fim-s1392(-) genome is reported here. the analysis of the two genomes gives some clues regarding the genomic differences between the strains. | 2014 | 25125645 |
| complete genome sequence of virulent bacteriophage shou24, which infects foodborne pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a novel lytic vibrio parahaemolyticus phage (shou24) belonging to the family siphoviridae was isolated from aquatic market sewage. the phage is only able to infect v. parahaemolyticus containing a tdh gene. shou24 has a linear genome of 77,837 bp with a g+c content of 46.0 %. in total, 88 predicted proteins have homologues in databases, and the majority of the core genes share high sequence similarity with genes from unrelated viruses and bacteria. genes related to lysogeny and host lysis were n ... | 2014 | 25115946 |
| phylogenetic and in silico functional analyses of thermostable-direct hemolysin and tdh-related encoding genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus and other gram-negative bacteria. | emergence and spread of pandemic strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus have drawn attention to make detailed study on their genomes. the pathogenicity of v. parahaemolyticus has been associated with thermostable-direct hemolysin (tdh) and/or tdh-related hemolysin (trh). the present study evaluated characteristics of tdh and trh genes, considering the phylogenetic and in silico functional features of v. parahaemolyticus and other bacteria. fifty-two tdh and trh genes submitted to the genbank were an ... | 2014 | 25114910 |
| snapshot of vibrio parahaemolyticus densities in open and closed shellfish beds in coastal south carolina and mississippi. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram negative, halophilic bacterium that is ubiquitous in warm, tropical waters throughout the world. it is a major cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis and is generally associated with consumption of raw or undercooked seafood, especially oysters. this study presents a snapshot of total v. parahaemolyticus densities in surface waters and shellstock american oysters (crassostrea virginica) from open and closed shellfish harvesting areas, as well as "more rural ... | 2014 | 25106119 |
| draft genome sequences of clinical vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in maryland (2010 to 2013). | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of food-borne illnesses associated with the consumption of raw shellfish worldwide. here, we report 45 draft genomes of v. parahaemolyticus. thirty-five of them are strains that were isolated from clinical cases in the state of maryland from 2010 to 2013. the remaining 10 strains were historical isolates, isolated mostly from the west coast of the united states during the period of 1988 to 2004. the availability of these genomes will allow for future ... | 2014 | 25103764 |
| eating oysters without risk of vibriosis: application of a bacteriophage against vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major cause of foodborne illness and related with the consumption of raw contaminated seafood, especially oysters. to evaluate the effectiveness of various applications of a bacteriophage (phage), pvp-1, against a multiple-antibiotic-resistant v. parahaemolyticus pandemic strain (crs 09-17), we designed artificial contamination models that are most likely to be encountered during oyster processing. when live oysters were treated with bath immersion with pvp-1 after c ... | 2014 | 25086350 |
| impact of seafood regulations for vibrio parahaemolyticus infection and verification by analyses of seafood contamination and infection. | consumption of seafood contaminated with vibrio parahaemolyticus causes foodborne infections, which are on the rise owing to increased consumption of raw seafood in asia, europe, north america, and other regions. v. parahaemolyticus infections have been common in japan since the 1960s. following an epidemic in 1997, the japanese ministry of health, labour, and welfare instituted regulations for seafood in 1999, which appear to be reducing v. parahaemolyticus infections. in this review, we descri ... | 2014 | 25078437 |
| occurrence of potentially pathogenic vibrio in oysters (crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the south bay of santa catarina. | this research aimed to identify and quantify potentially pathogenic vibrio from different cultivations of bivalve shellfish in the state of santa catarina, brazil, and water regions in the south bay, as well as correlate the incidence of these microorganisms with the physicochemical parameters of marine waters. | 2014 | 25075484 |