| three vibrio-resistance related est-ssr markers revealed by selective genotyping in the clam meretrix meretrix. | the clam meretrix meretrix is an important commercial bivalve distributed in the coastal areas of south and southeast asia. in this study, marker-trait association analyses were performed based on the stock materials of m. meretrix with different vibrio-resistance profile obtained by selective breeding. forty-eight est-ssr markers were screened and 27 polymorphic ssrs of them were genotyped in the clam stocks with different resistance to vibrio parahaemolyticus (11-r and 11-s) and to vibrio harv ... | 2013 | 23707743 |
| prevention of quorum-sensing-mediated biofilm development and virulence factors production in vibrio spp. by curcumin. | the increasing occurrence of disease outbreaks caused by vibrio spp. and the emergence of antibiotic resistance has led to a growing interest in finding alternative strategies to prevent vibriosis. since the pathogenicity of vibrios is controlled in part by quorum-sensing (qs) system, interfering with this mechanism would prevent the pathogenicity of vibrios without developing resistance. hence, a non-toxic phytochemical curcumin from curcuma longa was assessed for its potential in reducing the ... | 2013 | 23354447 |
| molecular characterization of direct target genes and cis-acting consensus recognized by quorum-sensing regulator apha in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | apha is the master quorum-sensing (qs) regulator operating at low cell density in vibrios. molecular regulation of target genes by apha has been characterized in vibrio harveyi and v. cholerae, but it is still poorly understood in v. parahaemolyticus. | 2012 | 22984476 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms in i-type lysozyme gene and their correlation with vibrio-resistance and growth of clam meretrix meretrix based on the selected resistance stocks. | i-type lysozyme is considered to play crucial roles in both anti-bacteria and digestion function of the bivalve, which signifies that it is related to both immunity and growth. in this study, based on the principle of case-control association analysis, using the stock materials with different vibrio-resistance profile obtained by selective breeding, single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the dna partial sequence of an i-type lysozyme of meretrix meretrix (mmelys) were discovered and examined ... | 2012 | 22728564 |
| draft genome sequence of vibrio owensii strain sh-14, which causes shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. | we sequenced vibrio owensii strain sh-14, which causes serious acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) in shrimp. sequence analysis showed a large extrachromosomal plasmid, which encoded pir toxin genes and shared highly sequence similarity with the one observed in ahpnd-causing vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. the results suggest that this plasmid appears to play an important role in shrimp ahpnd. | 2015 | 26634753 |
| calr is required for the expression of t6ss2 and the adhesion of vibrio parahaemolyticus to hela cells. | vibrio parahaemolyticus expresses one major virulence determinant t6ss2, which is constituted into three putative operons, i.e., vpa1027-1024, vpa1043-1028, and vpa1044-1046. calr, a lysr-type transcriptional regulator, was originally identified as a repressor of the swarming motility and t3ss1 gene expression. as shown in this study, calr binds to the promoter-proximal region of each of the three operons to activate their transcription, and moreover, calr activates the adhesion of v. parahaemol ... | 2017 | 28378143 |
| kinetics of the inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus in weakly acidic sodium chlorite solution. | the kinetics of the inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus in sodium chlorite (naclo2) solution was studied in the weakly acidic ph range of 4.0 to 6.5 and at various temperatures. the logarithmic reduction of the survival ratio depended on the concentration-time product, and all the inactivation curves showed a linear reduction phase. the first-order inactivation rate constant (k) increased by approximately twice for every 0.44 unit fall in ph. during the inactivation experiments, no formation ... | 2017 | 28367867 |
| development of a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for the simultaneous detection of salmonella spp. and vibrio parahaemolyticus. | rapid detection of food-borne pathogens is important in the food industry, to monitor and prevent the spread of these pathogens through contaminated food products. we therefore established a multiplex real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay to simultaneously detect and distinguish salmonella spp. and vibrio parahaemolyticus dna in a single reaction. two target sequences, one specific for salmonella and the other specific for vibrio parahaemolyticus, were amplified by specif ... | 2017 | 28349967 |
| defining a core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for the global epidemiology of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human foodborne pathogen whose transmission is associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood with a growing number of infections reported over recent years worldwide. a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) database for v. parahaemolyticus was created in 2008 and a large number of clones have been identified causing severe outbreaks worldwide (st3), recurrent outbreaks in certain regions (e.g., st36) or spreading to other regions where they are non-e ... | 2017 | 28330888 |
| transcriptional regulation of cpsq-mfpabc and mfpabc by calr in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the cpsq-mfpabc locus is transcribed as two operons, i.e., cpsq-mfpabc and mfpabc, in vibrio parahaemolyticus, and both of them are all required for biofilm formation. calr belongs to the lysr-type transcriptional regulator family, and was originally identified as a repressor of the swarming motility and t3ss1 genes expression in v. parahaemolyticus. in the present work, a combination of qrt-pcr, primer extension, lacz fusion expression, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and dnase i footprin ... | 2017 | 28318117 |
| characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters in korea: resistance to various antibiotics and prevalence of virulence genes. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, found frequently in oysters, is the most prevalent gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in korea and in several other asian countries. this study monitored changes in the environmental parameters and occurrence of v. parahaemolyticus in oyster aquaculture sites. of the 44 presumed v. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained, when tested against 16 antibiotics, 90.9, 86.4, and 75.0% of the 44 isolates exhibited resistance to vancomycin, ampicillin, and streptomycin, respectively. p ... | 2017 | 28279505 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus calr down regulates the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene transcription and thereby inhibits hemolytic activity. | tdh, encoded by tdh gene, is a major virulent determinant of v. parahaemolyticus that controls various biological activities, such as hemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and enterotoxicity. the hemolytic activity on wagatsuma agar ascribed to tdh is called kanagawa phenomenon (kp). all kp positive strains contain tdh1 and tdh2 genes, but tdh2 is predominantly responsible for kp. calr is a regulatory protein that was originally identified as a repressor of swarming motility and t3ss1 gene expressio ... | 2017 | 28268179 |
| an invertebrate sting from shrimp activates an innate immune defense against bacterial infection. | it has been proposed that invertebrate stimulators of interferon genes (stings) do not take part in the innate immune response to infection. herein, we identified a new sting homolog from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei (lvsting). some amino acids crucial for recognizing cyclic dinucleotides in mammals are highly conserved in lvsting. moreover, lvsting expression can be robustly induced by challenge with the gram-negative bacteria vibrio parahaemolyticus. silencing of lvsting contribut ... | 2017 | 28236646 |
| a simple, portable, electrochemical biosensor to screen shellfish for vibrio parahaemolyticus. | an earlier electrochemical mechanism of dna detection was adapted and specified for the detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in real samples. the reader, based on a screen printed carbon electrode, was modified with polylactide-stabilized gold nanoparticles and methylene blue was employed as the redox indicator. detection was assessed using a microprocessor to measure current response under controlled potential. the fabricated sensor was able to specifically distinguish complementary, non-comple ... | 2017 | 28205102 |
| ecological fitness and virulence features of vibrio parahaemolyticus in estuarine environments. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a commonly encountered and highly successful organism in marine ecosystems. it is a fast-growing, extremely versatile copiotroph that is active over a very broad range of conditions. it frequently occurs suspended in the water column (often attached to particles or zooplankton), and is a proficient colonist of submerged surfaces. this organism is an important pathogen of animals ranging from microcrustaceans to humans and is a causative agent of seafood-associated food ... | 2017 | 28144705 |
| genetic and serological identification of three vibrio parahaemolyticus strains as candidates for novel provisional o serotypes. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative, halophilic vibrio that naturally inhabits marine and estuarine environments worldwide and has recently been recognized as one of the most important foodborne pathogens. to date, 13 o serotypes and 71 k serotypes of v. parahaemolyticus have been identified. however, untypeable v. parahaemolyticus strains are frequently found during routine detection, indicating that other forms of serotypes exist and suggesting the necessity for extension of the antigen ... | 2017 | 28129570 |
| detection, enumeration, and isolation of vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus from seafood: development of a multidisciplinary protocol. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus are bacterial foodborne pathogens that can cause illnesses in humans after ingestion or exposure to contaminated seafood or coastal waters. a procedure that combines microbiological, biochemical, and molecular methods was designed and optimized for the detection, enumeration, isolation, and characterization of these clinically significant vibrio spp. initially, microbiological culturing is used to resuscitate and isolate presumptive vibrio spp. from chil ... | 2017 | 28118133 |
| transcriptome profiles of the clam meretrix petechialis hepatopancreas in response to vibrio infection. | microbial diseases have received much attention due to their enormous destruction of aquaculture, and vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the main pathogens that cause bacterial disease in the clam meretrix petechialis. to better understand the molecular mechanisms of the immune response to vibrio in m. petechialis, rna-seq was applied to explore global expression changes of hepatopancreas from this clam after vibrio challenge. there were 199,318,966 clean reads obtained by illumina sequencing, wh ... | 2017 | 28110034 |
| high salinity relaying to reduce vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in chesapeake bay oysters (crassostrea virginica). | cases of vibrio infections in the united states have tripled from 1996 to 2009 and these infections are most often associated with the consumption of seafood, particularly oysters (crassostrea virginica). information is needed on how to reduce numbers of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in bi-valve molluscan shellfish (for example, oysters). the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high salinity relaying or treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems (rass) ... | 2017 | 28099766 |
| genetic analysis of vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 strains that have been isolated in mexico since 1998. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human pathogen that has been isolated worldwide from clinical cases, most of which have been associated with seafood consumption. environmental and clinical toxigenic strains of v. parahaemolyticus that were isolated in mexico from 1998 to 2012, including those from the only outbreak that has been reported in this country, were characterized genetically to assess the presence of the o3:k6 pandemic clone, and their genetic relationship to strains that are r ... | 2017 | 28099500 |
| establishment and validation of rna-based predictive models for understanding survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters stored at low temperatures. | this study developed rna-based predictive models describing the survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus in eastern oysters (crassostrea virginica) during storage at 0, 4, and 10°c. postharvested oysters were inoculated with a cocktail of five v. parahaemolyticus strains and were then stored at 0, 4, and 10°c for 21 or 11 days. a real-time reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay targeting expression of the tlh gene was used to evaluate the number of surviving v. parahaemolyticus cells, which was the ... | 2017 | 28087532 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus o4:k8 forms a potential predominant clone in southern china as detected by whole-genome sequence analysis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus has been the most common food-borne pathogen in southern china, especially the o3:k6 pandemic clone and its serovariants. recently, the serotype o4:k8 became more and more prevalent in southern china, which was different from the o3:k6 pandemic clone. thus, the aim of the present work was to elucidate the molecular characteristics of the o4:k8. some o3:k6 pandemic clone and its serovariants isolated in the same period were selected for comparative analysis, which were sti ... | 2017 | 28073082 |
| quorum sensing regulators are required for metabolic fitness in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | quorum sensing (qs) is a process by which bacteria alter gene expression in response to cell density changes. in vibrio species, at low cell density, the sigma 54-dependent response regulator luxo is active and regulates the two qs master regulators apha, which is induced, and opar, which is repressed. at high cell density the opposite occurs: luxo is inactive, and therefore opar is induced while apha is repressed. in vibrio parahaemolyticus, a significant enteric pathogen of humans, the roles o ... | 2017 | 28069817 |
| first multi-year retrospective study on vibrio parhaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus prevalence in ruditapes philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, italy. | the present work describes a retrospective study aiming to verify a possible correlation between the environmental conditions (temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen), the abundance of vibrio spp., and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the manila clam r. philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, emilia-romagna region, northern italy. on the whole, 104 samples, collected in the period 2007-2015 and submitted to microbiological analyses (isolation and genotyping), have ... | 2016 | 28058248 |
| an integrated rotary microfluidic system with dna extraction, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and lateral flow strip based detection for point-of-care pathogen diagnostics. | point-of-care (poc) molecular diagnostics plays a pivotal role for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. in spite of recent advancement in microfluidic based poc devices, there are still rooms for development to realize rapid, automatic and cost-effective sample-to-result genetic analysis. in this study, we propose an integrated rotary microfluidic system that is capable of performing glass microbead based dna extraction, loop mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), and colorime ... | 2017 | 28043075 |
| alpha-2-macroglobulin is a modulator of prophenoloxidase system in pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamai. | the shrimp multifunctional protein alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2m) is abundantly expressed in plasma, highly up-regulated upon microbial infection and involved in several immune pathways such as blood clotting system, phagocytosis and melanization. herein, the function of lva2m from litopenaeus vannamei on the prophenoloxidase (propo) system is reported. the recombinant (r)lva2m produced strongly and specifically inhibited trypsin and the po activity in shrimp plasma in a dose-dependent manner. sile ... | 2017 | 28027986 |
| inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus unattached and attached to a solid surface in ph-controlled sodium hypochlorite solutions. | the inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus cells that were unattached or attached to a polyethylene terephthalate (pet) disc in ph-controlled sodium hypochlorite (naocl) solutions was studied under turbulent conditions. no significant desorption of attached cells occurred at the free available chlorine (fac) concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/l. the number of viable cells was estimated by microbial calorimetry. the logarithmic relative reduction of viable cells was proportional to the product of ... | 2016 | 28003634 |
| actin cytoskeleton-modulating t3ss2 effectors and their contribution to the vibrio parahaemolyticus-induced diarrhea. | to understand how bacterial pathogens cause diseases is the most important step in order to prevent the infection and develop an effective treatment. however, the past proceeding studies make us aware of quite-complicated interactions between the host and pathogenic bacteria. vibrio parahaemolyticus, a food-born pathogen that is a subject of our study, causes inflammatory diarrhea in human upon ingestion of contaminated raw or undercooked seafood. many virulence factors has been proposed since i ... | 2016 | 27980291 |
| sequence type 631 vibrio parahaemolyticus, an emerging foodborne pathogen in north america. | | 2017 | 27974540 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of a fish specific interferon regulatory factor, irf11, in orange spotted grouper, epinephelus coioides. | interferon regulatory factors (irfs) are transcription mediators which play vital roles in multiple biological processes, such as antiviral defense, immune response, cell growth regulation and apoptosis. a fish specific irf, termed irf11, has been identified in previous study through searching fish genome databases. herein, a transcript of irf11, ecirf11 was cloned from orange-spotted grouper, epinephelus coioides. the ecirf11 cdna sequence has 1573 bp in length, encoding a putative protein of 2 ... | 2017 | 27932023 |
| sensitive immunoassay-based detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus using capture and labeling particles in a stationary liquid phase lab-on-a-chip. | in the present study, a method was developed for detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus based on a stationary liquid phase lab-on-a-chip (slp loc). the present slp loc comprises a sample chamber, washing chamber, and detection chamber connected by two channels. the method utilizes two types of particles: capture particles (cps), which are magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with antibody; and labeling particles (lps), which are silica nanoparticles functionalized with horseradish peroxidase and ... | 2017 | 27923189 |
| development of a more sensitive and specific chromogenic agar medium for the detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus and other vibrio species. | foodborne infections in the us caused by vibrio species have shown an upward trend. in the genus vibrio, v. parahaemolyticus is responsible for the majority of vibrio-associated infections. thus, accurate differentiation among vibrio spp. and detection of v. parahaemolyticus is critically important to ensure the safety of our food supply. although molecular techniques are increasingly common, culture-depending methods are still routinely done and they are considered standard methods in certain c ... | 2016 | 27911360 |
| fatty acid synthase plays a positive role in shrimp immune responses against vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | fatty acid synthase (fas) is an important enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of fatty acids. in this study, the role of the fas gene from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei (lvfas) in immune responses against vibrio parahaemolyticus infection was studied. the expression of lvfas could be up-regulated upon infection of v. parahaemolyticus and stimulation of lipopolysaccharide and poly (i:c). the promoter of lvfas was predicted to harbor a nf-κb binding site and dual-luciferase reporter as ... | 2017 | 27903451 |
| evaluation of medicinal plants and colloidal silver efficiency against vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in litopenaeus vannamei cultured at low salinity. | in shrimp aquaculture, reduction in the use of synthetic antibiotics is a priority due to the high incidence of resistant bacteria (vibrio) in the white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. an increasing number of studies show bactericidal activity of natural treatments in aquaculture. the effectiveness of neem (azadirachta indica) and oregano (lippia berlandieri) aqueous extracts and colloidal silver against v. parahaemolyticus were evaluated in low salinity shrimp culture. results show that aqueous ex ... | 2016 | 27901504 |
| metabolic responses of haliotis diversicolor to vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | vibrio parahemolyticus is a devastating bacterial pathogen that often causes outbreak of vibriosis in abalone haliotis diversicolor. elucidation of metabolic mechanisms of abalones in responding to v. parahemolyticus infection is essential for controlling the epidemic. in this work, (1)h nmr-based metabolomic techniques along with correlation and network analyses are used to investigate characteristic metabolites, as well as corresponding disturbed pathways in hepatopancreas and gill of h. diver ... | 2017 | 27890800 |
| enhancing gilthead seabream immune status and protection against bacterial challenge by means of antigens derived from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | in an attempt to control the proliferation of the pathogenic bacterium vibrio parahaemolyticus in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata), the immunostimulant effect of lysate and toxa from this bacterium was evaluated. fish were intraperitoneally injected twice (first injection, day 1 of the experiment; second injection, day 7) and sampled after one week (on days 8 and 15). afterwards, all fish specimens were experimentally infected with v. parahaemolyticus and mortality was recovered for 1 week. fis ... | 2017 | 27890799 |
| the role of ficolin-like protein (pcflp1) in the antibacterial immunity of red swamp crayfish (procambarus clarkii). | in invertebrates, ficolin-like proteins (flps) play important roles in innate immunity against pathogens. previous studies primarily investigated the functions of flps in immune recognition, activation, and regulation. however, limited research has examined the functions of flps as immune effectors. in this work, a ficolin-like protein was identified in red swam crayfish (procambarus clarkii) and designated as pcflp1. quantitative rt-pcr and western blot were employed to analyze the distribution ... | 2017 | 27888717 |
| hsp70 and hsp90 are involved in shrimp penaeus vannamei tolerance to ahpnd-causing strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus after non-lethal heat shock. | acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying toxin-producing plasmid, has led to severe mortalities in farmed penaeid shrimp throughout asia. previous studies reported that a non-lethal heat shock (nlhs) could enhance disease tolerance in aquatic animals. here, we investigate whether the nlhs could enhance the survival of shrimp penaeusvannamei upon challenge with an ahpnd-causing strain of v. parahaemolyticus (vpahpnd). two nlhs conditions, acute an ... | 2017 | 27888131 |
| prevalence and factors associated with different pathogens of acute diarrhea in adults in beijing, china. | only a small proportion of patients with diarrhea are diagnosed with laboratory tests in china, and most are diagnosed based on clinical symptoms. therefore, understanding the prevalence of different diarrheal pathogens and their specific symptoms is important. | 2016 | 27886032 |
| differential localization of chemotactic signaling arrays during the lifecycle of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | when encountering new environments or changes to their external milieu, bacteria use elaborate mechanisms to respond accordingly. here, we describe how vibrio parahaemolyticus coordinates two such mechanisms - differentiation and chemotaxis. v. parahaemolyticus differentiates between two distinct cell types: short rod-shaped swimmer cells and highly elongated swarmer cells. we show that the intracellular organization of chemotactic signaling arrays changes according to the differentiation state. ... | 2016 | 27853457 |
| the hot oyster: levels of virulent vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in individual oysters. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis and is most commonly transmitted by raw oysters. consequently, detection of virulent strains of this organism in oysters is a primary concern for seafood safety. vibrio parahaemolyticus levels were determined in 110 individual oysters harvested from two sampling sites in sc, usa. the majority of oysters (98%) contained low levels of presumptive v. parahaemolyticus however, two healthy oysters contained presumptive ... | 2017 | 27827805 |
| pi3k-akt signaling pathway is involved in hypoxia/thermal-induced immunosuppression of small abalone haliotis diversicolor. | the pi3k-akt signal pathway has been found to be involved in many important physiological and pathological processes of the innate immune system of vertebrates and invertebrates. in this study, the akt (hdakt) and pi3k (hdpi3k) gene of small abalone haliotis diversicolor were cloned and characterized for the important status of pi3k and akt protein in pi3k-akt signaling pathway. the full length cdnas of hdakt and hdpi3k are 2126 bp and 6052 bp respectively, encoding proteins of 479 amino acids a ... | 2016 | 27825946 |
| a c-type lectin (mrlec) with high expression in intestine is involved in innate immune response of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | c-type lectins (ctls) are pattern-recognition proteins that play an important role in innate immunity of vertebrates and invertebrates. in this study, a lectin cdna named mrlec was cloned and characterized from giant freshwater prawns (macrobrachiun rosenbergii). the full-length cdna of mrlec was 1431 bp, which contained an open reading frame of 1041 bp that encoded a protein with 346 amino acids. mrlec was found to contain a typical signal peptide of 18 amino acids and a single carbohydrate-rec ... | 2016 | 27818342 |
| in vivo activity and the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of the antimicrobial peptide sphyastatin in scylla paramamosain. | a new gene homologous to the reported antimicrobial peptide (amp) hyastatin from hyas araneus was screened in the ssh library constructed from the hemocytes of scylla paramamosain, and named sphyastatin. in vivo study showed that sphyastatin was predominantly expressed in hemocytes of s. paramamosain. with the challenge of either vibrio parahaemolyticus or lipopolysaccharide (lps), sphyastatin showed a positive response, meaning that it was probably involved in the immune reaction against bacter ... | 2016 | 27751917 |
| virulence of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease pirab-like relies on secreted proteins not on gene copy number. | to investigate the virulence of the vp_pirab-like genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus- acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd)-causing strain and the factors that are associated with the virulence level. | 2016 | 27522063 |
| regulation of the expression of iron-acquisition system genes in pathogenic vibrio species. | the genus vibrio includes >70 species, of which roughly a dozen cause vibriosis such as gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. most bacteria, including vibrio species, require iron for survival and growth. however, the bioavailability of iron is extremely low because it is usually present as an insoluble ferric complex in an aerobic environment or is bound to iron-binding proteins in mammalian hosts. therefore many bacteria have developed iron acquisition systems, including biosynthe ... | 2016 | 27803484 |
| pharmacokinetic indices for cefovecin after single-dose administration to adult sea otters (enhydra lutris). | seven sea otters received a single subcutaneous dose of cefovecin at 8 mg/kg body weight. plasma samples were collected at predetermined time points and assayed for total cefovecin concentrations using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. the mean (±sd) noncompartmental pharmacokinetic indices were as follows: cmax (obs) 70.6 ± 14.6 μg/ml, tmax (obs) 2.9 ± 1.5 h, elimination rate constant (kel ) 0.017 ± 0.002/h, elimination half-life (t1/2kel) 41.6 ± 4.7 h, area ... | 2016 | 27212054 |
| differences in abundances of total vibrio spp., v. vulnificus, and v. parahaemolyticus in clams and oysters in north carolina. | filter feeding shellfish can concentrate pathogenic bacteria, including vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus, as much as 100-fold from the overlying water. these shellfish, especially clams and oysters, are often consumed raw, providing a route of entry for concentrated doses of pathogenic bacteria into the human body. the numbers of foodborne infections with these microbes are increasing, and a better understanding of the conditions that might trigger elevated concentrations of these b ... | 2017 | 27793822 |
| draft genome sequences of one marine and one clinical vibrio parahaemolyticus strain, both isolated in sweden. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading bacterial pathogen associated with seafood consumption. here, we report the draft genome sequences of one marine and one clinical strain, both isolated in sweden. these sequences will inform future comparative analysis of v. parahaemolyticus in northern europe. | 2016 | 27789643 |
| disulphide bond restrains the c-terminal region of thermostable direct hemolysin during folding to promote oligomerization. | pore-forming toxins (pfts) are typically produced as water-soluble monomers, which upon interacting with target cells assemble into transmembrane oligomeric pores. vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) is an atypical pft that exists as a tetramer in solution, prior to membrane binding. the tdh structure highlights a core β-sandwich domain similar to those found in the eukaryotic actinoporin family of pfts. however, the tdh structure harbors an extended c-terminal region (ct ... | 2017 | 27784764 |
| development of a highly sensitive lateral immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is widely present in brackish water all over the world, causing infections in certain aquatic animals. it is also a foodborne pathogen that causes diarrhea in humans. the aim of this study is to develop an immunochromatographic lateral flow assay (lfa) for rapid detection of v. parahaemolyticus in both aquatic products and human feces of diarrheal patients. two monoclonal antibody (mab) pairs, ga1a-ic9 and ic9-kb4c, were developed and proven to be highly specific and sens ... | 2016 | 27751742 |
| c-type lectin (mrctl) from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii participates in innate immunity. | c-type lectins (ctls) play important roles in the innate immunity of invertebrates. in this study, a novel ctl with a single carbohydrate recognition domain (crd) containing an epn (glu-pro-asn) motif was identified from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. this ctl was designated as mrctl. the cdna of mrctl is 1788 bp with a 657 bp open reading frame that encodes a protein of 218 amino acids. the cdna and genome sequences of mrctl show a polymorphism that leads to mrctl isoform ... | 2016 | 27620819 |
| population analysis of clinical and environmental vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from eastern provinces in china by removing the recombinant snps in the mlst loci. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common seafood-borne pathogenic bacterium which causes gastroenteritis in humans. continuous surveillance on the molecular characters of the clinical and environmental v. parahaemolyticus strains needs to be conducted for the epidemiological and genetic purposes. to generate a picture of the population distribution of v. parahaemolyticus in eastern china isolated from clinical cases of gastroenteritis and environmental samples, we investigated the genetic and evoluti ... | 2016 | 27608607 |
| characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from crayfish (procambarus clarkii) in freshwater. | vibrio parahaemolyticus usually occurs in coastal areas and is generally recognized as a marine bacterium. it has become the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. in the present study, 96 v. parahaemolyticus isolates were obtained from freshwater crayfish (procambarus clarkii) and classified by multilocus sequence typing. fifty-three sequence types (sts) were identified among the 96 isolates analyzed, 38 of which were novel sts. these isolates fell into six groups and 42 singletons, sugges ... | 2016 | 27620824 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in south america: water, seafood and human infections. | the bacterial species, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus, are ubiquitous in estuaries and coastal waters throughout the world, but they also happen to be important human pathogens. they are concentrated by filter-feeding shellfish which are often consumed raw or undercooked, providing an important potential route of entry for an infective dose of these bacteria. vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, chills and fever. vibrio vulnificus can ... | 2016 | 27459915 |
| genome sequence of vibrio parahaemolyticus vp103 strain isolated from shrimp in malaysia. | | 2016 | 27708636 |
| expression patterns of two heat-shock cognate 70 genes during immune responses and larval development of the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. | two heat-shock protein (hsp) 70 family transcripts, heat-shock protein 70 cognate 5 and heat-shock protein 70 cognate 3 (designated as eshsc70-5 and eshsc70-3, respectively), were isolated from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis and their expression profiles were evaluated for their responsiveness to larval development and immune challenge in adult crabs. the hsps exhibited 45-89% identity with other heat-shock proteins, and they shared similar structural features. eshsc70 mrna expressio ... | 2016 | 27706716 |
| genome sequence of vibrio parahaemolyticus vp152 strain isolated from penaeus indicus in malaysia. | | 2016 | 27656174 |
| genetic characterization of a blaveb-2-carrying plasmid in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | this report describes the first detection of a blaveb-2 gene in a vibrio parahaemolyticus strain isolated from a shrimp sample. the blaveb-2 gene was carried on a novel inc-type plasmid that was likely to have originated from aquatic organisms, as indicated by a comparison with other known genetic elements in the genbank database. however, the plasmid contains resistance elements usually harbored by members of the family enterobacteriaceae, suggesting that gene transfer events occurred and contr ... | 2016 | 27645248 |
| impact of farm management on expression of early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ems/ahpnd) on penaeid shrimp farms in thailand. | asian shrimp farming industry has experienced massive production losses due to a disease caused by toxins of vibrio bacteria, known as early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ems/ahpnd) for the last 5 years. the disease can cause up to 100% cumulative pond mortality within a week. the objective of this study was to identify factors associated with ahpnd occurrence on shrimp farms. a case-control study was carried out on shrimp farms in four provinces of thailand. factor ... | 2017 | 27594170 |
| draft genome sequence of pathogenic bacteria vibrio parahaemolyticus strain ba94c2, associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease isolate from south america. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic bacteria which has been associated to the early mortality syndrome (ems) also known as hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) causing high mortality in shrimp farms. pathogenic strains contain two homologous genes related to insecticidal toxin genes, pira and pirb, these toxin genes are located on a plasmid contained within the bacteria. genomic sequences have allowed the finding of two strains with a divergent structure related to the geographic region ... | 2016 | 27570736 |
| unhealthy sugars in bacterial cytotoxicity. | bacterial type three secretion systems (t3sss) are central to virulence, but the processes stimulating their activation are unclear. in this issue of cell host & microbe, blondel et al. (2016) perform a genome-wide screen using crispr/cas technology to identify a role for cell surface sulfation and fucosylation in cytotoxicity mediated by vibrio parahaemolyticus t3sss. | 2016 | 27512898 |
| identification and characterization of an 18.4kda antimicrobial truncation from shrimp litopenaeus vannamei hemocyanin upon vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | hemocyanin (hmc) is a multifunctional protein which plays many essential roles in invertebrate organism. recently more and more immune-related functions have been discovered on this protein. here the shrimp was infected with vibrio parahaemolyticus and the shrimp sera were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. totally 15 spots were identified as significantly up-regulated spots and further analyzed by maldi-tof/tof mass spectrometry (ms). four of them were identified as hmc derived tr ... | 2016 | 27506277 |
| shrimp with knockdown of lvsocs2, a negative feedback loop regulator of jak/stat pathway in litopenaeus vannamei, exhibit enhanced resistance against wssv. | jak/stat pathway is one of cytokine signaling pathways and mediates diversity immune responses to protect host from viral infection. in this study, lvsocs2, a member of suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) families, has been cloned and identified from litopenaeus vannamei. the full length of lvsocs2 is 1601 bp, including an 1194 bp open reading frame (orf) coding for a putative protein of 397 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of ∼42.3 kda. lvsocs2 expression was most abundant in ... | 2016 | 27497874 |
| virulence and antibiotic and heavy metal resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from crustaceans and shellfish in shanghai, china. | vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause serious human seafoodborne gastroenteritis and even death. in this study, we isolated and characterized 208 v. parahaemolyticus strains from 10 species of commonly consumed crustaceans and shellfish available in fish markets in shanghai, people's republic of china, in 2014. most of these aquatic species had not been detected previously. the results revealed an extremely low occurrence of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus carrying the toxin gene trh (1.9%). however, ... | 2016 | 27497124 |
| leukocyte susceptibility and immune response against vibrio parahaemolyticus in totoaba macdonaldi. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a serious pathogen that affects aquaculture. nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have focused on its immunological implications in totoaba macdonaldi. thus, the early immune response to v. parahaemolyticus in juveniles of totoaba was studied at 24 h post-infection with an in vivo study. in addition, changes in cellular innate immune parameters - phagocytosis, respiratory burst activity and viability (annexin v/propidium iodide) - were evaluated in vit ... | 2016 | 27486683 |
| cloning of a big defensin gene and its response to vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge in the noble scallop chlamys nobilis (bivalve: pectinidae). | the noble scallop chlamys nobilis has been an important marine cultured bivalve in the southern sea of china for decades. however, large-scale mortality events often occurred during the scallop' cultivation. as one of amps (antimicrobial peptides), big defensin is an important component of the innate immunity against pathogenic microorganisms in invertebrates. in order to investigate whether the big defensin can play a role in the immune defense against pathogenic microorganisms in noble scallop ... | 2016 | 27474446 |
| feasibility of using multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for epidemiology study of vibrio parahaemolyticus infections. | vibrio parahaemolyticus causes foodborne gastroenteritis, which is often associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish. molecular typing can provide critical information for detecting outbreaks and for source attribution. in this study, we describe the development and evaluation of an optimized multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (vntr) analysis (mlva) for the characterization of v. parahaemolyticus isolates. the discriminatory power of mlva was compared to that of pul ... | 2016 | 27454001 |
| crispr/cas9 screens reveal requirements for host cell sulfation and fucosylation in bacterial type iii secretion system-mediated cytotoxicity. | type iii secretion systems (t3sss) inject bacterial effector proteins into host cells and underlie the virulence of many gram-negative pathogens. studies have illuminated bacterial factors required for t3ss function, but the required host processes remain largely undefined. we coupled crispr/cas9 genome editing technology with the cytotoxicity of two vibrio parahaemolyticus t3sss (t3ss1 and t3ss2) to identify human genome disruptions conferring resistance to t3ss-dependent cytotoxicity. we ident ... | 2016 | 27453484 |
| comparison of the effects of environmental parameters on the growth variability of vibrio parahaemolyticus coupled with strain sources and genotypes analyses. | microbial growth variability plays an important role on food safety risk assessment. in this study, the growth kinetic characteristics corresponding to maximum specific growth rate (μmax) of 50 v. parahaemolyticus isolates from different sources and genotypes were evaluated at different temperatures (10, 20, 30, and 37°c) and salinity (0.5, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) using the automated turbidimetric system bioscreen c. the results demonstrated that strain growth variability increased as the growth condit ... | 2016 | 27446034 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in swimming crabs (portunus trituberculatus) and in vitro antibacterial activity against vibrio: pk/pd of smz-tmp in crabs and antibacterial activity against vibrio. | serious bacterial pathogens have recently become a major cause of massive mortality in swimming crabs (portunus trituberculatus). in this study, the antibacterial activity against vibrio and the pharmacokinetics (pk) of sulfamethoxazole (smz)-trimethoprim (tmp) in crabs were estimated to explore the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (pk/pd) properties of the smz-tmp combination. the in vitro bacteriostatic activity and the anti-vibrio infection activity of the smz-tmp combination at various rati ... | 2016 | 27434870 |
| tetraodon nigroviridis: a model of vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | vibriosis is the most common bacterial diseases and brings great economic loss on aquaculture. vibrio parahaemolyticus (v. parahaemolyticus), a gram-negative bacterium, has been identified as one main pathogens of vibriosis. the pathogenic mechanism of v. parahaemolyticus is not entirely clear now. in our study, a model of v. parahaemolyticus infection of green-spotted puffer fish (tetraodon nigroviridis) was established. t. nigroviridis were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 200 μl of v. p ... | 2016 | 27426523 |
| evaluation of toxa and vibrio parahaemolyticus lysate on humoral immune response and immune-related genes in pacific red snapper. | immunogenicity of toxa and vibrio parahaemolyticus lysate was evaluated in a double immunostimulation scheme in pacific red snapper after v. parahaemolyticus infection. three groups of pacific red snapper were intraperitonealy (i.p.) injected with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs group), toxa of v. parahaemolyticus (toxa-vp group) or v. parahaemolyticus lysate (lysate-vp group) (first injection, day 1; second injection, day 7). fish were subsequently infected with live v. parahaemolyticus. humoral ... | 2016 | 27417232 |
| sensitive detection of multiple pathogens using a single dna probe. | a simple but promising electrochemical dna nanosensor was designed, constructed and applied to differentiate a few food-borne pathogens. the dna probe was initially designed to have a complementary region in vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp) genome and to make different hybridization patterns with other selected pathogens. the sensor was based on a screen printed carbon electrode (spce) modified with polylactide-stabilized gold nanoparticles (pla-aunps) and methylene blue (mb) was employed as the red ... | 2016 | 27414245 |
| dangerous hitchhikers? evidence for potentially pathogenic vibrio spp. on microplastic particles. | the taxonomic composition of biofilms on marine microplastics is widely unknown. recent sequencing results indicate that potentially pathogenic vibrio spp. might be present on floating microplastics. hence, these particles might function as vectors for the dispersal of pathogens. microplastics and water samples collected in the north and baltic sea were subjected to selective enrichment for pathogenic vibrio species. bacterial colonies were isolated from chromagar™vibrio and assigned to vibrio s ... | 2016 | 27411093 |
| cloning and differential expression of a novel toll-like receptor gene in noble scallop chlamys nobilis with different total carotenoid content. | to investigate whether toll like receptors (tlrs) genes do have an immune influence on noble scallop chlamys nobilis under pathogen stress, acute challenges lasting 48 h to vibrio parahaemolyticus, lipopolysaccharide (lps), polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly i:c), and pbs were conducted in two scallop stains of orange and brown with different carotenoids content. a novel toll-like receptor gene called cntlr-1 was cloned and its transcripts under different challenges were determined. meantime, ... | 2016 | 27403592 |
| structural studies of a polysaccharide from vibrio parahaemolyticus strain an-16000. | the structure of a polysaccharide from vibrio parahaemolyticus strain an-16000 has been investigated. the sugar and absolute configuration analysis revealed d-glc, d-galn, d-quin and l-fucn as major components. the ps was subjected to dephosphorylation with aqueous 40% hf to obtain an oligosaccharide that was analyzed by (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy. the hr-ms spectrum of the oligosaccharide revealed a pentasaccharide composed of two glc residues, one quinac and one galnac, one fucnac, as wel ... | 2016 | 27392309 |
| bile salt receptor complex activates a pathogenic type iii secretion system. | bile is an important component of the human gastrointestinal tract with an essential role in food absorption and antimicrobial activities. enteric bacterial pathogens have developed strategies to sense bile as an environmental cue to regulate virulence genes during infection. we discovered that vibrio parahaemolyticus vtrc, along with vtra and vtrb, are required for activating the virulence type iii secretion system 2 in response to bile salts. the vtra/vtrc complex activates vtrb in the presenc ... | 2016 | 27377244 |
| the vibrio parahaemolyticus-infecting bacteriophage qdvp001: genome sequence and endolysin with a modular structure. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a marine pathogen, is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans after consumption of contaminated seafood. in recent years, infections with v. parahaemolyticus have become an increasingly frequent factor in microbial food poisoning; therefore, it is urgent to figure out ways to control vibrio parahaemolyticus. endolysins, lytic enzymes encoded by bacteriophages, have been regarded as a therapeutic alternative to antibiotics in control of bacterial growth and have be ... | 2016 | 27376376 |
| differentially expressed transcripts in stomach of penaeus monodon in response to ahpnd infection. | acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) is an emerging disease in aquacultured shrimp caused by a pathogenic strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus. as with several pathogenic bacteria, colonization of the stomach appeared to be the initial step of the infection for ahpnd-causing vibrio. to understand the immune responses in the stomach of black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon), differentially expressed transcripts (dets) in the stomach during v. parahaemolyticus strain 3hp (vp3hp) infection wa ... | 2016 | 27339467 |
| report of leucine-rich repeats (lrrs) from scylla serrata: ontogeny, molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis following ligand stimulation, and upon bacterial and viral infections. | leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins are present in all living organisms, and their participation in signal transduction and defense mechanisms has been elucidated in humans and mosquitoes. lrrs possibly involve in protein-protein interactions also and show differential expression pattern upon challenge with pathogens. in the present study, a new lrr gene was identified in mud crab, scylla serrata. lrr gene mrna levels in different developmental stages and various tissues of s. serrata were analys ... | 2016 | 27328453 |
| outbreak of vibrio parahaemolyticus sequence type 120, peru, 2009. | in 2009, an outbreak of vibrio parahaemolyticus occurred in piura, cajamarca, lambayeque, and lima, peru. whole-genome sequencing of clinical and environmental samples from the outbreak revealed a new v. parahaemolyticus clone. all the isolates identified belonged to a single clonal complex described exclusively in asia before its emergence in peru. | 2016 | 27315090 |
| [transcriptional regulation of hcp1 by h-ns in vibrio parahaemolyticus]. | to study the transcriptional regulation of the structural components hcp1 by h-ns in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | 2016 | 27305788 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus strains of pandemic serotypes identified from clinical and environmental samples from jiangsu, china. | vibrio parahaemolyticus has emerged as a major foodborne pathogen in china, japan, thailand, and other asian countries. in this study, 72 strains of v. parahaemolyticus were isolated from clinical and environmental samples between 2006 and 2014 in jiangsu, china. the serotypes and six virulence genes including thermostable direct hemolysin (tdr) and tdr-related hemolysin (trh) genes were assessed among the isolates. twenty five serotypes were identified and o3:k6 was one of the dominant serotype ... | 2016 | 27303379 |
| transcription of exsd is repressed directly by h-ns in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of seafood-associated diarrhea and gastroenteritis. this bacteria expresses a major virulence determinant called t3ss1. expression of t3ss1 is tightly regulated by the exsa-exsc-exsd regulatory system. the transcription of exsa and probably exsc is repressed directly by the h-ns protein. in this study, the regulation of exsd by h-ns was investigated using quantitative rt-pcr, primer extension, lacz fusion, electrophoretic mobility shift, and dnase i foo ... | 2016 | 27289037 |
| characterization of adp ribosylation factor 1 gene from exopalaemon carinicauda and its immune response to pathogens challenge and ammonia-n stress. | adp ribosylation factors (arf), as highly conserved small guanosine triphosphate (gtp)-binding proteins, participates in intracellular trafficking and organelle structure. in this study, a full-length cdna of arf1 (designated ecarf1) was cloned from exopalaemon carinicauda by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of ecarf1 was 1428 bp, which contains an open reading frame (orf) of 549 bp, encoding a 182 amino-acid polypeptide with the predicted molecular ... | 2016 | 27231192 |
| closing the brief case: safe to go back in the water? vibrio parahaemolyticus wound infection associated with brackish water. | | 2016 | 27217388 |
| effects of intertidal harvest practices on levels of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus bacteria in oysters. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus can grow rapidly in shellfish subjected to ambient air conditions, such as during intertidal exposure. in this study, levels of total and pathogenic (tdh(+) and/or trh(+)) v. parahaemolyticus and total v. vulnificus were determined in oysters collected from two study locations where intertidal harvest practices are common. samples were collected directly off intertidal flats, after exposure (ambient air [washington state] or refrigerated [new jersey] ... | 2016 | 27208133 |
| photodynamic effect of curcumin on vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus (v. parahaemolyticus) is currently a major cause of bacterial diarrhoea associated with seafood consumption. the objective of this study was to determine the inactivation effect of curcumin-mediated photodynamic action on v. parahaemolyticus. first of all, v. parahaemolyticus suspended in pbs buffer was irradiated by a visible light from a led light source with an energy density of 3.6j/cm(2). colony forming units (cfu) were counted and the viability of v. parahaemolyticu ... | 2016 | 27177810 |
| complete genome sequence of vibrio parahaemolyticus strain forc_008, a foodborne pathogen from a flounder fish in south korea. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative, motile, nonspore-forming pathogen that causes foodborne illness associated with the consumption of contaminated seafoods. although many cases of foodborne outbreaks caused by v. parahaemolyticus have been reported, the genomes of only five strains have been completely sequenced and analyzed using bioinformatics. in order to characterize overall virulence factors and pathogenesis of v. parahaemolyticus associated with foodborne outbreak in south korea, ... | 2016 | 27170457 |
| population relationship of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates derived from aquaculture ponds, a seafood market, restaurants, and clinical samples. | to study the relationship between environmental and clinical populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus, we collected in total 86 isolates from southern china during one and a half years. sixty-eight isolates were recovered from aquaculture ponds, a seafood market, and restaurants, and 18 isolates were recovered from clinical samples. virulence gene analysis revealed that 25 isolates (14 clinical and 11 environmental) tested positive for tdh, but only 4 carried trh. interestingly, none of the tdh(+) ... | 2016 | 27166752 |
| sero-prevalence and genetic diversity of pandemic v. parahaemolyticus strains occurring at a global scale. | pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus is an emerging public health concern as it has caused numerous gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. currently, the absence of a global overview of the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of pandemic strains restricts our overall understanding of these strains, especially for environmental strains. to generate a global picture of the sero-prevalence and genetic diversity of pandemic v. parahaemolyticus, pandemic isolates from worldwide collections were select ... | 2016 | 27148244 |
| prevalence, molecular characterization, and antibiotic susceptibility of vibrio parahaemolyticus from ready-to-eat foods in china. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks, particularly outbreaks associated with consumption of fish and shellfish, and represents a major threat to human health worldwide. this bacterium harbors two main virulence factors: the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related hemolysin (trh). additionally, various serotypes have been identified. the extensive use of antibiotics is a contributing factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial-resistant v. paraha ... | 2016 | 27148231 |
| environmental conditions associated with elevated vibrio parahaemolyticus concentrations in great bay estuary, new hampshire. | reports from state health departments and the centers for disease control and prevention indicate that the annual number of reported human vibriosis cases in new england has increased in the past decade. concurrently, there has been a shift in both the spatial distribution and seasonal detection of vibrio spp. throughout the region based on limited monitoring data. to determine environmental factors that may underlie these emerging conditions, this study focuses on a long-term database of vibrio ... | 2016 | 27144925 |
| b-cell activating cpg odn 1668 enhance the immune response of pacific red snapper (lutjanus peru) exposed to vibrio parahaemolitycus. | b-class cpg odn 1668 is known to possess clear immunostimulatory properties. in this study, we investigated the potential ability of cpg odn 1668 to enhance the immune response of pacific red snapper exposed to vibrio parahaemolyticus. four different treatments were evaluated in pacific red snapper: (1) stimulatory cpg odn 1668, (2) stimulatory cpg odn 1668 and v. parahaemolyticus, (3) exposure only to v. parahaemolyticus and (4) pbs. samples were taken at 24, 72, 168 and 240 h of stimulation/in ... | 2016 | 27143535 |
| incidence and prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important seafood borne human pathogen worldwide due to it occurrence, prevalence and ability to cause gastrointestinal infections. this current study aim at investigating the incidence and prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus in seafood using systematic review-meta-analysis by exploring heterogeneity among primary studies. a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of peer reviewed primary studies reported between 2003 and 2015 for the occurrence and prevalen ... | 2016 | 27119068 |
| metabolome response to temperature-induced virulence gene expression in two genotypes of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a main causative agent of serious human seafood-borne gastroenteritis disease. many researchers have investigated its pathogenesis by observing the alteration of its virulence factors in different conditions. it was previously known that culture conditions will influence the gene expression and the metabolic profile of v. parahaemolyticus, but little attention has been paid on the relationship between them. in this study, for the first time, the metabolomics response i ... | 2016 | 27113578 |
| molecular characterizations of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood from the black sea, turkey. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium that is considered as one of the major causes of bacterial food-borne outbreaks at a global scale. a total of 114 samples including mussel (n = 42), seawater (n = 22) and fish (n = 50) samples were collected and subjected to investigation. vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected in 45 (39%) of 114 samples with an occurrence in mussel, seawater and fish samples of 76, 40·9 and 8% respectively. a total of 96 isolates were positive for the species-specific ... | 2016 | 27107401 |
| the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus: sequence variation and implications for detection and function. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of bacterial food-related illness associated with the consumption of undercooked seafood. only a small subset of strains is pathogenic. most clinical strains encode for the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and/or the tdh-related hemolysin (trh). in this work, we amplify and sequence the trh gene from over 80 trh+strains of this bacterium and identify thirteen genetically distinct alleles, most of which have not been deposited in genbank previously. s ... | 2016 | 27094247 |
| antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from fresh shrimps in shanghai fish markets, china. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a causative agent of human serious seafood-borne gastroenteritis disease and even death. shrimps, often eaten raw or undercooked, are an important reservoir of the bacterium. in this study, we isolated and characterized a total of 400 v. parahaemolyticus strains from commonly consumed fresh shrimps (litopenaeus vannamei, macrobrachium rosenbergii, penaeus monodon, and exopalaemon carinicauda) in shanghai fish markets, china in 2013-2014. the results revealed an extreme ... | 2016 | 27083906 |