| raman spectroscopy provides a powerful, rapid diagnostic tool for the detection of tuberculous meningitis in ex vivo cerebrospinal fluid samples. | in this letter, we propose a novel method for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis using raman spectroscopy. the silicate raman signature obtained from mycobacterium tuberculosis positive cases enables specific and sensitive detection of tuberculous meningitis from acquired cerebrospinal fluid samples. the association of silicates with the tuberculosis mycobacterium is discussed. we envision that this new method will facilitate rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis without application of exog ... | 2013 | 22887773 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis drug susceptibility and molecular diagnostic testing. | multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr tb), defined by resistance to the 2 most effective first-line drugs, isoniazid and rifampin, is on the rise globally and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. despite the increasing availability of novel rapid diagnostic tools for mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) drug susceptibility testing, the clinical applicability of these methods is unsettled. in this study, the mechanisms of action and resistance of mtb to isoniazid and rifampin, and ... | 2013 | 22885627 |
| esx-1 dependent impairment of autophagic flux by mycobacterium tuberculosis in human dendritic cells. | emerging evidence points to an important role of autophagy in the immune response mediated by dendritic cells (dc) against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). since current vaccination based on bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) is unable to stop the tuberculosis epidemic, a deeper comprehension of the alterations induced by mtb in dc is essential for setting new vaccine strategies. here, we compared the capacity of virulent (h37rv) and avirulent (h37ra) mtb strains as well as bcg to modulate autophag ... | 2012 | 22885411 |
| the response of the fibrinolytic system to mycobacteria infection. | the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis binds to a variety of host cell proteins, including those of the fibrinolytic system. these observations prompted us to study the expression of components of this system in an animal model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis. lung homogenates from balb/c mice infected with m. tuberculosis h37rv were analyzed to determine the expression and enzymatic activity of plasmin/plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator, as well as the mrna levels for pla ... | 2012 | 22885283 |
| primary disseminated extrapulmonary multidrug resistant tuberculosis. | disseminated tuberculosis is a common mode of presentation of tuberculosis in patients both with and without hiv/aids in india. however, primary multidrug resistance in disseminated tuberculosis involving only the extrapulmonary sites in an immunocompetent adult is rare. here, we report a case of a 19-year-old man who had disseminated tuberculosis involving left pleura, pericardium, peritoneum and intraabdominal lymph nodes. he was initially taking who category i antituberculous drugs, but was n ... | 2016 | 22885212 |
| rapid culture diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis from a tertiary care centre in an endemic nation: potential and pitfalls. | in spite of low sensitivity and specificity, standard diagnostic algorithm recommends fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac) and direct microscopic screening for acid-fast bacilli (afb) for the routine diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenopathy (lntb). in this study, the diagnostic utility of liquid broth based automated culture (bact/alert 3d) technique was assessed in comparison with conventional techniques in 89 clinically suspected tubercular lymphadenitis patients. 60% (n = 53) were positive ... | 2012 | 22885203 |
| t-cell recognition of iron-regulated culture filtrate proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients and endemic normal controls. | culture filtrate proteins (cfps) of mycobacterium tuberculosis are potential vaccine candidates. | 2013 | 22885200 |
| [cross-resistance between rifampin and rifabutin in multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains]. | to study the cross-resistance between rifampin and rifabutin in multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains, and therefore to provide laboratory data for using rifabutin in the treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis. | 2012 | 22883990 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis volatiles for diagnosis of tuberculosis by cricetomys rats. | tuberculosis (tb) diagnosis in regions with limited resources depends on microscopy with insufficient sensitivity. rapid diagnostic tests of low cost but high sensitivity and specificity are needed for better point-of-care management of tb. trained african giant pouched rats (cricetomys sp.) can diagnose pulmonary tb in sputum but the relevant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-specific volatile compounds remain unknown. we investigated the odour volatiles of mtb detected by rats in reference mtb, ... | 2012 | 22883935 |
| [characteristics of pnca gene in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and its correlation with drug resistance to pyrazinamide]. | to understand the characteristics of pnca gene in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and its correlation with drug resistance to pyrazinamide. | 2012 | 22883731 |
| diagnosis and management of tuberculosis in transplant donors: a donor-derived infections consensus conference report. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a ubiquitous organism that infects one-third of the world's population. in previous decades, access to organ transplantation was restricted to academic medical centers in more developed, low tuberculosis (tb) incidence countries. globalization, changing immigration patterns, and the expansion of sophisticated medical procedures to medium and high tb incidence countries have made tuberculosis an increasingly important posttransplant infectious disease. tuberculosis i ... | 2012 | 22883346 |
| [a rapid screening program on the resistance to streptomycin and ethambutol in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by pcr melting curve analysis]. | to evaluate the effects of pcr melting curve analysis assay on a rapid screening program regarding the resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) clinical isolates to streptomycin and ethambutol. | 2012 | 22883184 |
| identification of dna binding motifs of the mycobacterium tuberculosis phop/phor two-component signal transduction system. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis phop/phor two-component signal transduction system controls the expression of about 2% of the genome and plays a major role in pathogenicity. however, its regulon has not been well characterized. | 2012 | 22880126 |
| variation of mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific ifn-γ and il-17 responses in healthy tuberculin skin test (tst)-positive human subjects. | to determine the variation of ifn-γ and il-17 responses to m. tuberculosis antigens in healthy tst+ humans. | 2012 | 22880090 |
| polymorphisms in autophagy genes and susceptibility to tuberculosis. | recent data suggest that autophagy is important for intracellular killing of mycobacterium tuberculosis, and polymorphisms in the autophagy gene irgm have been linked with susceptibility to tuberculosis (tb) among african-americans, and with tb caused by particular m. tuberculosis genotypes in ghana. we compared 22 polymorphisms of 14 autophagy genes between 1022 indonesian tb patients and 952 matched controls, and between patients infected with different m. tuberculosis genotypes, as determined ... | 2012 | 22879892 |
| fluorescent signatures for variable dna sequences. | life abounds with genetic variations writ in sequences that are often only a few hundred nucleotides long. rapid detection of these variations for identification of genetic diseases, pathogens and organisms has become the mainstay of molecular science and medicine. this report describes a new, highly informative closed-tube polymerase chain reaction (pcr) strategy for analysis of both known and unknown sequence variations. it combines efficient quantitative amplification of single-stranded dna t ... | 2012 | 22879378 |
| vitamin d deficiency affects the immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. | the aim of the study is to investigate the immunological changes after stimulation with bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) in mice with vitamin d deficiency. after weaning, mice were divided into the vitamin d-deficient group (-d group), the normal group (n group), and the vitamin d-supplemented group (+d group). twelve-week-old mice were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 mg/ml bcg (≥1.0 × 10(6) cfu/mg) and maintained for 6 weeks. spleen lymphocytes were isolated, and the percentages of cd4(+) and ... | 2013 | 22878932 |
| anti-mycobacterial natural products from the canadian medicinal plant juniperus communis. | common juniper, juniperus communis, is amongst the plants most frequently used by the indigenous peoples of north america for medicinal purposes. the first nations of the canadian maritimes use infusions of juniper primarily as a tonic and for the treatment of tuberculosis. previous investigations of extracts derived from the aerial parts of j. communis have shown it to possess anti-mycobacterial activity. the aim of the study is to isolate and identify anti-mycobacterial constituents from the a ... | 2012 | 22877928 |
| mycobacterial pulmonary infections in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. | patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf) have an increased risk for developing tuberculosis (tb). however, no studies have been reported regarding the development of nontuberculous mycobacterium (ntm) lung disease (ntmld). we reviewed 795 patients with ipf from five university hospitals who were diagnosed by histological or radio-clinical criteria. in the 795 patients with ipf, pulmonary infections with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and ntm were found in 35 (4.4%) and 16 patients (2. ... | 2012 | 22876056 |
| visual detection of rpob mutations in rifampin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by use of an asymmetrically split peroxidase dnazyme. | multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis is resistant to two first-line antituberculosis drugs, isoniazid and rifampin, resulting in the relapse of tuberculosis. m. tuberculosis grows very slowly, and thus traditional examination methods take time to test its drug resistance and cannot meet clinical needs. the use of a dna probe makes it possible to test rifampin resistance. we developed an asymmetrical split-assembly dna peroxidase assay to detect drug-resistant mutation of rifampin-resis ... | 2012 | 22875898 |
| sulfamethoxazole enhances the antimycobacterial activity of rifampicin. | to investigate the effect of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on the survival of mycobacterium tuberculosis and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole individually and combined with the first-line tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol). | 2012 | 22875849 |
| metabolomic signatures in guinea pigs infected with epidemic-associated w-beijing strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | with the understanding that the laboratory propagated strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv is of modest virulence and is drug susceptible, in the present study, we performed a nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic analysis of lung tissues and serum obtained from guinea pigs infected by low dose aerosol exposure to clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis. high resolution magic angle spinning nmr coupled with multivariate statistical analysis of 159 lung tissues obtained from ... | 2012 | 22873951 |
| tuberculosis screening among health sciences students in saudi arabia in 2010. | tuberculosis (tb) is a major health threat in both developed and developing nations. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of reactivity to the mantoux test or tuberculin skin test (tst) among health sciences students after an open case of tb infection was detected in one of the students. | 2012 | 22871624 |
| atypical presentation of tuberculous constrictive pericarditis: case report and review of the literature. | an 18-year-old romanian man with no known history of cardiac disease was admitted to the hospital for the management of right heart failure and bilateral pleural effusions. further investigations revealed mediastinal lymph nodes and a constrictive cardiac haemodynamic pattern. lymph node biopsy demonstrated a purulent liquid from which cultures were positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis. the patient improved rapidly with conservative medical management involving antituberculous therapy and diu ... | 2012 | 22870743 |
| oligomycin frames a common drug-binding site in the atp synthase. | we report the high-resolution (1.9 å) crystal structure of oligomycin bound to the subunit c(10) ring of the yeast mitochondrial atp synthase. oligomycin binds to the surface of the c(10) ring making contact with two neighboring molecules at a position that explains the inhibitory effect on atp synthesis. the carboxyl side chain of glu59, which is essential for proton translocation, forms an h-bond with oligomycin via a bridging water molecule but is otherwise shielded from the aqueous environme ... | 2012 | 22869738 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in an adult with cystic fibrosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) is rare. we report a 22-year-old cf patient with high fever, dyspnea and weight loss that progressively worsened over 2 weeks before admission. the patient suffered from liver cirrhosis, was colonized with pseudomonas aeruginosa and had been repeatedly hospitalized for pulmonary infections. the patient was treated initially as for an exacerbation of p. aeruginosa infection, but tuberculosis (tbc) was suspected due to lack ... | 2013 | 22869452 |
| conformational flexibility determines selectivity and antibacterial, antiplasmodial, and anticancer potency of cationic α-helical peptides. | we used a combination of fluorescence, circular dichroism (cd), and nmr spectroscopies in conjunction with size exclusion chromatography to help rationalize the relative antibacterial, antiplasmodial, and cytotoxic activities of a series of proline-free and proline-containing model antimicrobial peptides (amps) in terms of their structural properties. when compared with proline-free analogs, proline-containing peptides had greater activity against gram-negative bacteria, two mammalian cancer cel ... | 2012 | 22869378 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis with neuromyelitis optica: an uncommon association of a common disease. | systemic tuberculosis has been reported with varying neurological manifestations like meningitis, tuberculomas, myositis and neuropathy. neuromyelitis optica (nmo) is a well known neurological entity which has been described in association with several systemic disorders like systemic lupus erythematosis, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, exposure to insecticides etc. however, only a few cases of nmo have been reported in association with mycobacterium tuberculosis. here, we report a case of pu ... | 2012 | 22868021 |
| evaluation of the in vitro and intracellular efficacy of new monosubstituted sulfonylureas against extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. | acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) has been regarded as a potential drug target against mycobacterium tuberculosis as it catalyses the first step in the pathway for biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. in our previous work, several monosubstituted sulfonylureas that are inhibitors of ahas showed obvious in vitro activity against m. tuberculosis. in this study, further exploration of the antitubercular activity of newly synthesised monosubstituted sulfonylureas was conducted. a series of new ... | 2012 | 22867883 |
| immunochromatographic assays for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis: what is the perfect time to test? | in this study, we aimed to correlate the analytical performance of sd bioline tb ag mpt64 rapid test kit (mpt64 assay) with the mycobacterial growth unit (gu) reported by the bactec mgit 960 (mgit 960) instrument. a total of 394 culture isolates reported positive by mgit 960 were processed daily (until 'day 4') with the mpt64 assay until a positive mpt64 result was obtained and their gu values were noted daily before mpt64 testing. based on this correlation of mpt64 positivity and corresponding ... | 2012 | 22867729 |
| effect of vitamin d supplementation on mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced innate immune responses in a canadian dené first nations cohort. | canadian first nations (fn) population experiences a high burden of tuberculosis. vitamin d is known to enhance the expression of innate immune effectors, including cathelicidin ll-37, for protection against infections. in this study we performed longitudinal analyses to investigate the impact of vitamin d supplementation on macrophage responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) lipoprotein (tlr2/1l), in canadian dené fn participants compared to caucasian participants. serum 25(oh)d and ll-37 ... | 2012 | 22866178 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing strains favor transmission but not drug resistance in china. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing strains are widespread globally. we aimed to determine whether beijing strains in china are more likely than other strains to spread, and whether they are more likely to become drug resistant. we also sought to determine whether different beijing sublineages have distinct phenotypic characteristics. | 2012 | 22865872 |
| the yield of different pleural fluid volumes for mycobacterium tuberculosis culture. | we prospectively compared the culture yields of two pleural fluid volumes (5 and 100 ml) inoculated in liquid culture medium in 77 patients of whom 58 (75.3%) were diagnosed with pleural tuberculosis. the overall fluid culture yield was high (60.3% of cases with pleural tuberculosis). the larger volume had a faster time to positivity (329 vs 376 h, p=0.055) but its yield was not significantly higher (53.5% vs 50%; p=0.75). hiv-positive patients were more likely to have positive cultures (78.9% v ... | 2013 | 22863812 |
| long-term follow-up of contacts exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in victoria, australia, 1995-2010. | the effectiveness of public health strategies following exposure to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) is not clear. | 2012 | 22863690 |
| molecular mechanism of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis from bangladesh. | despite having 100% coverage of directly observed treatment short-course, multi drug-resistant (mdr) tuberculosis (tb) is still increasing in bangladesh. early detection of mdr-tb by rapid molecular test and early initiation of treatment will effectively stop this trend. to develop rapid diagnostic tools, molecular characterization of genes conferring mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to rifampicin (rif) and isoniazid (inh) will be required. hence, this study elucidated the molecular mechani ... | 2012 | 22863574 |
| tuberculosis caused by rdrio mycobacterium tuberculosis is not associated with differential clinical features. | we recently described the mycobacterium tuberculosis rd(rio) genotype, a clonally derived sublineage within the latin american-mediterranean (lam) family. genetic diversity of m. tuberculosis likely affects the clinical aspects of tuberculosis (tb). prospective studies that address this issue are scarce and remain controversial. | 2012 | 22863208 |
| preventive therapy in children exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis: problems and solutions. | young children living with a tuberculosis patient are at high risk of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease. who guidelines promote active screening and isoniazid (inh) preventive therapy (pt) for such children under 5 years, yet this well-established intervention is seldom used in endemic countries. we review the literature regarding barriers to implementation of pt and find that they are multifactorial, including difficulties in screening, poor adherence, fear of increasing inh resi ... | 2012 | 22862994 |
| is interferon-gamma the right marker for bacille calmette-guérin-induced immune protection? the missing link in our understanding of tuberculosis immunology. | bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), developed a century ago, is the only licensed tuberculosis (tb) vaccine in use to date. the protective efficacy of bcg against tb varies with no apparent protection in some population, and mechanisms of its immune protection is poorly known, and yet bcg is the most widely used vaccine, with more than 4 billion bcg-vaccinated children globally. bcg is probably the only licensed vaccine currently in use believed to mediate immune protection through the production of ... | 2012 | 22861360 |
| resistance profiles and rpob gene mutations of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in taiwan. | the rifampicin resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is caused by mutations in the 81-base pair region of the rpob gene encoding the β-subunit of rna polymerase. sequences of the rpob gene of 68 isolates were analyzed to identify the mutations and to compare the mutations with their related susceptibilities. | 2013 | 22858446 |
| tubercle bacilli rely on a type vii army for pathogenicity. | mycobacteria, such as the major human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, have a highly unusual and characteristic diderm cell envelope that protects them against harmful conditions. protein secretion across this hydrophobic barrier requires specialized secretion systems. recently, a type vii secretion (t7s) pathway has been identified that fulfills this function. pathogenic mycobacteria have up to five different t7s systems, some of which play a crucial role in virulence. the interactions betw ... | 2012 | 22858229 |
| performance assessment of the dr. tbdr/ntm ivd kit for direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, including rifampin-resistant isolates, and nontuberculous mycobacteria. | we evaluated the performance of the dr. tbdr/ntm ivd kit, which was designed to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis, rifampin-resistant m. tuberculosis, and nontuberculous mycobacteria, for detecting 110 positive and 50 negative cultures in mycobacterium growth indicator tubes. the accuracy rate of this kit for identification of mycobacterium species was 95.5% (105/110). | 2012 | 22855520 |
| [cutaneous tuberculosis. report of one case]. | tuberculosis is uncommonly located in the skin, corresponding to 1 to 2% of extrapulmonary forms. we report a 61-year-old woman, referred due to a two months history of erythematous plaques covered with honey-colored crusts in the left preauricular region and below the chin. the lesions were previously treated as pyoderma with poor response. she was otherwise healthy, without any other symptom. skin biopsy showed exudative tuberculoid granulomas with caseation necrosis. koch culture was positive ... | 2012 | 22854695 |
| tuberculous lymphadenopathy mimicking pancreatic neoplasm. | abdominal tuberculosis (tb) is the sixth most common location of extrapulmonary tb involvement. because its symptoms and signs are often nonspecific, laboratory and imaging findings mimic other diseases including carcinoma. therefore, the diagnosis of abdominal tb is challenging. we herein report a case of 74-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. she had been given a diagnosis of pancreatic head carcinoma. laboratory data was unremarkable except for elevate ... | 2012 | 22851977 |
| pparγ expression and function in mycobacterial infection: roles in lipid metabolism, immunity, and bacterial killing. | tuberculosis continues to be a global health threat, with drug resistance and hiv coinfection presenting challenges for its control. mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is a highly adapted pathogen that has evolved different strategies to subvert the immune and metabolic responses of host cells. although the significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (pparγ) activation by mycobacteria is not fully understood, recent findings are beginning to u ... | 2012 | 22851964 |
| vaccine-induced th17 cells are maintained long-term postvaccination as a distinct and phenotypically stable memory subset. | th17 cells are increasingly being recognized as an important t helper subset for immune-mediated protection, especially against pathogens at mucosal ports of entry. in several cases, it would thus be highly relevant to induce th17 memory by vaccination. th17 cells are reported to exhibit high plasticity and may not stably maintain their differentiation program once induced, questioning the possibility of inducing durable th17 memory. accordingly, there is no consensus as to whether th17 memory c ... | 2012 | 22851756 |
| comparative evaluation of the microplate nitrate reductase assay and the rezasurin microtitre assay for the rapid detection of multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. | the microplate nitrate reductase assay (mnra) and the rezasurin microtitre assay (rema) were used for the susceptibility testing of 73 clinical isolates and the results were compared with those that were obtained using the bactec 460 tb and bactec mgit 960 systems. the rema and the mnra were performed in 96-well plates. for the rema, the concentrations of isoniazid (inh) and rifampicin (rif) ranged from 1.0-0.01 µg/ml and 2.0-0.03 µg/ml, respectively. for the mnra, the inh concentration was betw ... | 2012 | 22850946 |
| structural requirements for the antitubercular quaternized triflupromazine pharmacophore. | quaternized triflupromazine derivatives (qtds) must possess benzyl groups attached to the quaternary nitrogen in order to have significant antitubercular potency. replacing the quaternary amine with a triazole abolishes antitubercular activity. a modest halogen substitution effect exists, with the 4-bromophenyl qtd 3 having the best selectivity index (>21). all n-benzyl qtds 1-4 similarly inhibit non-replicating, persistent mycobacterium tuberculosis with mic<8 μm, and compounds 1-3 were all non ... | 2012 | 22850215 |
| pouched rats' detection of tuberculosis in human sputum: comparison to culturing and polymerase chain reaction. | setting. tanzania. objective. to compare microscopy as conducted in direct observation of treatment, short course centers to pouched rats as detectors of mycobacterium tuberculosis. design. ten pouched rats were trained to detect tuberculosis in sputum using operant conditioning techniques. the rats evaluated 910 samples previously evaluated by smear microscopy. all samples were also evaluated through culturing and multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed on culture growths to classify ... | 2012 | 22848808 |
| unique biological properties of mycobacterium tuberculosis l-form variants: impact for survival under stress. | bacteria can, under certain conditions, enter into a cell-less state known as l-form conversion. this phenomenon is universal, but also recognized with difficultly by microbiologists. the current study addresses several aspects concerning the ability of tubercle bacilli to use l-form conversion as a unique adaptive strategy to survive and reproduce under unfavorable conditions. nutrient starvation of m. tuberculosis in vitro followed by passages in middlebrook 7h9 semisolid medium was used for s ... | 2012 | 22847267 |
| structural and chemical basis for enhanced affinity to a series of mycobacterial thymidine monophosphate kinase inhibitors: fragment-based qsar and qm/mm docking studies. | tuberculosis (tb) still remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases. mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidine monophosphate kinase (tmpkmt) has emerged as an attractive molecular target for the design of a novel class of anti-tb agents since blocking it will affect the pathways involved in dna replication. aiming at shedding some light on structural and chemical features that are important for the affinity of thymidine derivatives to tmpkmt, we have employed a special fragment-based method to ... | 2013 | 22846924 |
| the transcription factor nfatp plays a key role in susceptibility to tb in mice. | in t cells, the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated t cells p (nfatp) is a key regulator of the cytokine genes tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and interferon-γ (ifn-γ). here, we show that nfatp-deficient (nfatp(-/-)) mice have a dramatic and highly significant increase in mortality after mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection as compared to mortality of control animals after mtb infection. animals deficient in nfatp have significantly impaired levels of tnf and ifn-γ transcription a ... | 2012 | 22844476 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis population in northwestern russia: an update from russian-eu/latvian border region. | this study aimed to characterize the population structure of mycobacterium tuberculosis in pskov oblast in northwestern russia, to view it in the geographical context, to compare drug resistance properties across major genetic families. ninety m. tuberculosis strains from tuberculosis (tb) patients, permanent residents in pskov oblast were subjected to lam-specific is6110-pcr and spoligotyping, followed by comparison with sitvitweb and miru-vntrplus databases. the beijing genotype (n = 40) was f ... | 2012 | 22844457 |
| whole-genome sequences of two clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from kerala, south india. | we report the annotated genome sequence of two clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from kerala, india. | 2012 | 22843573 |
| molecular characterization of mtb-omp decarboxylase by modeling, docking and dynamic studies. | tuberculosis (tb), the second most deadly disease in the world is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). in the present work a unique enzyme of mtb orotidine 5' monophosphate decarboxylase (mtb-omp decase) is selected as drug target due to its indispensible role in biosynthesis of pyrimidines. the present work is focused on understanding the structural and functional aspects of mtb-omp decase at molecular level. due to absence of crystal structure, the 3d structure of mtb-omp decase was pre ... | 2012 | 22843237 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis pneumonia and bacteremia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant: report of an instructive pediatric case. | pulmonary infections often complicate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) outcome. uncommon aetiologies, like mycobacterium tuberculosis, should be considered when the clinical conditions do not fully improve with standard antimicrobial therapy and microbiological evaluations are repeatedly negative for bacteria and fungi. we describe an interesting pediatric case of miliary lung tuberculosis after hsct, which was successfully treated after administering the appropriate therapy. | 2012 | 22842607 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis modulators of the macrophage's cellular events. | a number of mycobacterial macromolecules have been shown to target biological processes within host macrophages; however, the exact mechanism for the majority of these host-pathogen interactions is poorly understood. the following review summarizes current knowledge and expands on a subset of mycobacterial effectors for which a cognate substrate, cellular partner or signaling pathway have been experimentally identified within the human host. | 2012 | 22841679 |
| drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission and resistance amplification within families. | drug-resistant tuberculosis is caused by transmission of resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis and by acquisition of resistance through inadequate treatment. we investigated the clinical and molecular features of the disease in 2 families after drug-resistant tuberculosis was identified in 2 children. the findings demonstrate the potential for resistance to be transmitted and amplified within families. | 2012 | 22840848 |
| pathway-selective sensitization of mycobacterium tuberculosis for target-based whole-cell screening. | whole-cell screening of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) remains a mainstay of drug discovery, but subsequent target elucidation often proves difficult. conditional mutants that underexpress essential genes have been used to identify compounds with known mechanism of action by target-based whole-cell screening (tb-wcs). here, the feasibility of tb-wcs in mtb was assessed by generating mutants that conditionally express pantothenate synthetase (panc), diaminopimelate decarboxylase (lysa), and iso ... | 2012 | 22840772 |
| encephalopathy due to tubercular otitis media. | middle ear infection due to mycobacterium tuberculosis has been reduced from 3-5% to 0.05-0.9% in the last century due to advent of effective anti-tuberculosis therapy. on the other side, this decrease in frequency of tuberculous otitis media along with indistinguishable signs and symptoms of frequently occurring non-tuberculous otitis media makes clinicians vulnerable to delayed or misdiagnosis of the disease. a case of tubercular otitis media with atypical clinical manifestations in the form o ... | 2012 | 22838209 |
| function prediction and analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis hypothetical proteins. | high-throughput biology technologies have yielded complete genome sequences and functional genomics data for several organisms, including crucial microbial pathogens of humans, animals and plants. however, up to 50% of genes within a genome are often labeled "unknown", "uncharacterized" or "hypothetical", limiting our understanding of virulence and pathogenicity of these organisms. even though biological functions of proteins encoded by these genes are not known, many of them have been predicted ... | 2012 | 22837694 |
| cd4+ t cell-dependent ifn-γ production by cd8+ effector t cells in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | both cd4+ and cd8+ t cells contribute to immunity to tuberculosis, and both can produce the essential effector cytokine ifn-γ. however, the precise role and relative contribution of each cell type to in vivo ifn-γ production are incompletely understood. to identify and quantitate the cells that produce ifn-γ at the site of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice, we used direct intracellular cytokine staining ex vivo without restimulation. we found that cd4+ and cd8+ cells were predominantl ... | 2012 | 22837486 |
| probability of negative mycobacterium tuberculosis complex cultures based on time to detection of positive cultures: a multicenter evaluation of commercial-broth-based culture systems. | we conducted a multicenter study to determine whether mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) cultures in automated broth-based systems could reliably be considered negative sooner than 6 weeks. laboratory sites used bactec mgit or bact/alert and tracked results of time to detection of all mycobacteria (ttd-all, n = 1547) and of mtbc (ttd-mtbc, n = 466) over 6-month periods from primarily (93%) respiratory specimens. cumulative percentages by day detected and median ttd of initial and follow-u ... | 2012 | 22837326 |
| diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in candidates for kidney transplantation (comparison of two tests). | it is assumed that about 10% of individuals infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis develop tuberculosis. the rate of tuberculosis in solid organ transplant recipients has been estimated to be 50-fold higher than in the general population. candidates for solid organ transplantation are routinely screened for latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi). in this study we aimed to compare tuberculin skin test (tst) with quantiferon-tb gold in-tube (qft) for the detection of ltbi in candidate for kidney t ... | 2012 | 22837082 |
| adjuvant strategies for potentiation of antibiotics to overcome antimicrobial resistance. | alarming facts about the occurrence and spreading of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria have caught the attention of global surveillance authorities and public media. the demand for novel effective antimicrobial drugs is high and on the rise while, at the same time, the supply of fresh 'magic bullets' is drying up. this review summarizes examples of recent strategies for development of adjunctive antibiotic therapies that overcome microbial resistance and thus rejuvenate the existing arsenal ... | 2012 | 22835931 |
| ptx3 genetic variation and dizygotic twinning in the gambia: could pleiotropy with innate immunity explain common dizygotic twinning in africa? | dizygotic (dz) twinning has a genetic component and is common among sub-saharan africans; in the gambia its frequency is up to 3% of live births. variation in ptx3, encoding pentraxin 3, a soluble pattern recognition receptor that plays an important role both in innate immunity and in female fertility, has been associated with resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary disease and to pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis patients. we tested whether ptx3 variants in gambian ... | 2012 | 22834944 |
| characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from cancer patients with suspected tuberculosis infection in egypt: identification, prevalence, risk factors and resistance pattern. | data are sparse on mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among patients with cancer in egypt. we sought to detect the presence of tuberculosis (tb) disease among patients with malignant conditions and suspected tb and to study the main risk factors. also, we compared different diagnostic procedures and detected the antimicrobial susceptibility of m. tuberculosis isolates against rifampin and isoniazid. one hundred patients were included in this study, all of them had malignant conditions and were ... | 2012 | 22834638 |
| [two cases of tuberculous uveitis]. | uveitis has many etiologies, but tuberculous uveitis is rare. we herein report 2 cases of uveitis due to tuberculosis infection. the first case was a 28-year-old man who was showed abnormal shadows in the chest radiographic examination performed in search of the etiology of uveitis. computed tomography (ct) of the chest revealed hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, small nodules, and consolidation, with a small cavity in the right upper lobe. an ulcerated nodule in the truncus intermedius and ... | 2012 | 22834099 |
| the mycobacterium dosr regulon structure and diversity revealed by comparative genomic analysis. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), which claims approximately two million people annually, remains a global health concern. the non-replicating or dormancy like state of this pathogen which is impervious to anti-tuberculosis drugs is widely recognized as the culprit for this scenario. the dormancy survival regulator (dosr) regulon, composed of 48 co-regulated genes, is held as essential for mtb persistence. the dosr regulon is regulated by a two-component regulatory s ... | 2013 | 22833514 |
| green synthesis and anti-infective activities of fluorinated pyrazoline derivatives. | a new series of fluorinated pyrazoles, 4a-e, were synthesized in good to excellent overall yields (65-82%) from the corresponding chalcones, 3a-e, by ultrasonic irradiation. the newly synthesized compounds were characterized and screened for their in vitro anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-tubercular activities against mycobacterium tuberculosis h(37)rv. | 2012 | 22832312 |
| molecular determinants of inactivation of the resuscitation promoting factor b from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | inactivation of revival of mycobacterium tuberculosis from dormancy is one of the main goals of the who global plan to stop tuberculosis (tb) 2011-2015, given the huge reservoir of latently infected individuals. this process requires a group of secreted proteins, denoted as resuscitation-promoting factors (rpfs). of these, rpfb is the sole member indispensable for resuscitation in vivo. the first class of inhibitors of rpfb was identified among 2-nitrophenylthiocyanates. however, their inactivat ... | 2013 | 22831279 |
| gene expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis putative transcription factors whib1-7 in redox environments. | the seven whib proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) are widely believed to be redox-sensing transcription factors due to their binding of iron-sulfur clusters and similarities to dna binding proteins. here, we explored the nature of this hypothesized relationship. we exposed m.tb to physiologic conditions such as gradual hypoxia, nitric oxide (no), cyclic amp and in vivo conditions, and measured transcription of the whib genes. we found whib3 to be induced both by hypoxia and no, whib7 ... | 2012 | 22829866 |
| vitamin d in early childhood and the effect on immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a potential role for vitamin d as a therapeutic immunomodulator in tuberculosis (tb) has been recognised for over 150 years, but has only recently returned to the centre of the research arena due to the increasing awareness of the global vitamin d deficiency epidemic. as early as birth a child is often deficient in vitamin d, which may not only affect their bone metabolism but also modulate their immune function, contributing to the increased susceptibility to many infections seen early in life. ... | 2012 | 22829851 |
| molecular detection and drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from cattle at a dairy farm in the nkonkobe region of south africa: a pilot study. | mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) causes tuberculosis (tb) in humans and animals. we investigated the presence of mtbc in cattle milk and its drug resistance using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). two hundred samples (100 ml each) were obtained from a dairy farm in the nkonkobe region of south africa. the samples were processed using the modified petroff method. dna was isolated using a zymo bacterial dna kit and amplified using seeplex(®) mtb nested ace assay. the genotype(®) mycobacter ... | 2012 | 22829789 |
| evaluation of pcr with culture for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is a major public health problem in most developing countries. the present study was carried out among 100 clinically suspected pulmonary tb patients. one hundred sputum specimens were collected one from each of the suspects attending dot's corner of mymensingh medical college hospital, mymensingh, bangladesh. the aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based method detecting is6110 sequence present in all mycobacter ... | 2012 | 22828533 |
| a 14-year-old girl with tuberculous otitis media and brain abscess. | tuberculosis is a rare cause of chronic suppurative otitis media and mastoiditis. intracranial complications are rare. the authors report a case of a 14-year-old girl with chronic otitis media of her right ear for 2 years. her presentation was as follows: 10 days before admission she had a high fever, headache, alteration of consciousness and a generalised seizure. ct scanning of her brain showed right otomastoiditis with early brain abscess of the right cerebellum. she underwent r ... | 2012 | 22828175 |
| the prevalence and clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus with infectious brain lesions in china. | infectious brain lesions (ibls) are life-threatening in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ibl in sle patients and the clinical characteristics of sle patients with ibl. | 2012 | 22827530 |
| arginase-1 expression in granulomas of tuberculosis patients. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is an intracellular pathogen able to survive and multiply within macrophages. several mechanisms allow this bacterium to escape macrophage microbicidal activity. mtb may interfere with the ability of mouse macrophages to produce antibactericidal nitric oxide, by inducing the expression of arginase 1 (arg1). it remains unclear whether this pathway has a role in humans infected with mtb. in this study, we investigated the expression of arg1 in granulomas of human l ... | 2012 | 22827286 |
| metronidazole prevents reactivation of latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in macaques. | targeting mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli in low-oxygen microenvironments, such as caseous granulomas, has been hypothesized to have the potential to shorten therapy for active tuberculosis (tb) and prevent reactivation of latent infection. we previously reported that upon low-dose m. tuberculosis infection, equal proportions of cynomolgus macaques develop active disease or latent infection and that latently infected animals reactivated upon neutralization of tnf. using this model we now show ... | 2012 | 22826237 |
| pulmonary hemorrhage complicating goodpasture's disease in the course of pulmonary tuberculosis. | a 72-year-old man with esrd on hemodialysis was referred to the hospital because of hemoptysis. a chest radiograph showed diffuse infiltration in the right lung field. laboratory data showed hematuria and proteinuria. a kidney biopsy revealed diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis with linear staining of igg along the glomerular basement membrane (gbm). however, circulating igg anti-gbm antibodies were not detected. because the findings of renal biopsy suggested goodpasture's disease, the patient ... | 2013 | 22826144 |
| biochemical and structural study of the atypical acyltransferase domain from the mycobacterial polyketide synthase pks13. | pks13 is a type i polyketide synthase involved in the final biosynthesis step of mycolic acids, virulence factors, and essential components of the mycobacterium tuberculosis envelope. here, we report the biochemical and structural characterization of a 52-kda fragment containing the acyltransferase domain of pks13. this fragment retains the ability to load atypical extender units, unusually long chain acyl-coa with a predilection for carboxylated substrates. high resolution crystal structures we ... | 2012 | 22825853 |
| analysis of humoral responses to proteins encoded by region of difference 1 of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sarcoidosis in a high tuberculosis prevalence country. | | 2012 | 22825614 |
| evaluation of an immunochromatographic test for discrimination between mycobacterium tuberculosis complex & non tuberculous mycobacteria in clinical isolates from extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. | accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) is crucial to facilitate early treatment of the patients, and to reduce its spread. clinical presentation of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) and non tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) may or may not be the same, but the treatment regimen is always different for both the infections. differentiation between mtbc and ntm by routine laboratory methods is time consuming and cumbersome. this study was aimed to evaluate an immunochromatographic test (ict), ... | 2012 | 22825610 |
| systematic analysis of pyrazinamide-resistant spontaneous mutants and clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | pyrazinamide (pza) is a first-line antitubercular drug known for its activity against persistent mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. we set out to systematically determine the pza susceptibility profiles and mutations in the pyrazinamidase (pnca) gene of a collection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) clinical isolates and pza-resistant (pza(r)) spontaneous mutants. the frequency of acquired resistance to pza was determined to be 10(-5) bacilli in vitro. selection at a lower concentrat ... | 2012 | 22825123 |
| the combination of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and isoniazid or rifampin is bactericidal and prevents the emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the challenges of developing new drugs to treat tuberculosis (tb) are indicated by the relatively small number of candidates entering clinical trials in the past decade. to overcome these issues, we reexamined two fda-approved antibacterial drugs, sulfamethoxazole (smx) and trimethoprim (tmp), for use in tb treatment. smx and tmp inhibit folic acid biosynthesis and are used in combination to treat infections of the respiratory, urinary, and gastrointestinal tracts. the mics of smx and tmp, alone ... | 2012 | 22825115 |
| diagnostic performance of multiplex cytokine and chemokine assay for tuberculosis. | simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers might lead to improved diagnostic performance for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. in this study, we screened soluble biomarkers that had significant differences in patients with active tuberculosis and healthy controls and evaluated the diagnostic performance of the multiplex cytokine/chemokine assay. overall, 178 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 156 healthy individuals and 35 patients with bacterial pneumonia or lung cancer were ev ... | 2012 | 22824465 |
| tgf-β neutralization abrogates the inhibited dhea production mediated by factors released from m. tuberculosis-stimulated pbmc. | supernatants (sn) from cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of tuberculosis (tb) patients inhibit dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) secretion by the adrenal cell line nci-h295r. to analyze whether tgf-β is involved in this effect, sn of pbmc from healthy controls or patients with severe tb infections, stimulated or not with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb sn), were added to adrenal cells under basal conditions or following stimulation with forskolin. cortisol and dhea concentrations ... | 2012 | 22823429 |
| inhaled therapies for tuberculosis and the relevance of activation of lung macrophages by particulate drug-delivery systems. | pathogenic strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) induce 'alternative activation' of lung macrophages that they colonize, in order to create conditions that promote the establishment and progression of infection. there is some evidence to indicate that such macrophages may be rescued from alternative activation by inhalable microparticles containing a variety of drugs. this review summarizes the experience of various groups of researchers, relating to observations of induction of a number o ... | 2011 | 22822507 |
| structural and functional analysis of the transcriptional regulator rv3066 of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the mmr multidrug efflux pump recognizes and actively extrudes a broad range of antimicrobial agents, and promotes the intrinsic resistance to these antimicrobials in mycobacterium tuberculosis. the expression of mmr is controlled by the tetr-like transcriptional regulator rv3066, whose open reading frame is located downstream of the mmr operon. to understand the structural basis of rv3066 regulation, we have determined the crystal structures of rv3066, both in the absence and presence of bound ... | 2012 | 22821564 |
| active tuberculosis is characterized by an antigen specific and strictly localized expansion of effector t cells at the site of infection. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb)-specific cytokine responses in the peripheral blood and at the site of infection may differ significantly within the same individual, but the under-lying t-cell subset changes are largely unknown. here, we measured effector and memory t-cell markers on cd4⁺ t cells (cd45ro, cysteine chemokine receptor (ccr)7, and cd27) in peripheral blood and at the site of active tuberculosis (tb). additionally, t cells were stimulated overnight with purified protein derivative ... | 2012 | 22821397 |
| rifampicin and parkinson's disease. | rifampicin is a macrocyclic antibiotic used extensively for the treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. recently, it was discovered that rifampicin exhibits neuroprotective effects. it has been shown to protect pc12 cells against mpp(+)-induced apoptosis and inhibit the expression of α-synuclein multimers. in in vitro studies, rifampicin pretreatment protects pc12 cells against rotenone-induced cell death. qualitative and quantitative analyses uncover that rif ... | 2013 | 22821065 |
| in vivo characteristics of korean beijing mycobacterium tuberculosis strain k1 in an aerosol challenge model and in the cornell latent tuberculosis model. | the beijing mycobacterium tuberculosis family is widely distributed and is the most common m. tuberculosis strain in east asia. the highly transmissible and predominant beijing m. tuberculosis strain in korea, m. tuberculosis k1, was characterized using an aerobic challenge mouse model and a latent tuberculosis model with m. tuberculosis h37rv as a reference. m. tuberculosis k1 multiplied over ten times more rapidly than m. tuberculosis h37rv during the early stage of infection and induced high ... | 2012 | 22820694 |
| comparison of localized versus systemic levels of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), its tissue inhibitors (timps) and cytokines in tuberculous and non-tuberculous pleuritis patients. | the interaction of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), its tissue inhibitors (timps) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection is important to understand the immune response at the site of infection. we compared the levels of mmps, timps and cytokines in plasma (bl) and pleural fluid (pf) of tuberculosis (tb) and non tuberculosis (ntb) patients. comparison between bl and pf showed significantly higher levels of mmp-1, timp-1 and -3 in tb pf; of mmp-7, ... | 2012 | 22820625 |
| mycobacterial lipolytic enzymes: a gold mine for tuberculosis research. | tuberculosis (tb) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide with a strong impact in developing countries. mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tb, has a high capacity to evade the host immune system and establish a chronic, asymptomatic and latent infection. in a latent tb infection, persistent bacilli are present in a non-replicating dormant state within host granulomas. during reactivation, bacilli start replicating again leading to an active tb infection that can b ... | 2013 | 22819994 |
| weak binder for mhc molecule is a potent mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific ctl epitope in the context of hla-a24 allele. | tuberculosis causes serious health problem for the world population. antigenic peptides selected by pathogen-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are presented by major histocompatibility complex (mhc; or human leukocyte antigen [hla] in humans) molecules, and hla-a restricted responses may be of interest for vaccine development and the understanding of cellular immunity. a series of peptides derived from the 10-kda culture filtrate protein (cfp10) and the 6 kda early secretory antigenic targ ... | 2012 | 22819798 |
| an evaluation of the xpert mtb/rif assay and detection of false-positive rifampicin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | recent reports suggest that false-positive rifampicin resistance may be assigned by the xpert mtb/rif assay. we analysed 169 specimens using the mtb/rif assay. using culture as the gold standard, we found that the assay had 100% sensitivity and specificity for detecting m. tuberculosis. however, we found that the assay incorrectly assigned rifampicin resistance in 4/13 (31%) of cases. | 2012 | 22819240 |
| secondary metabolites from the stems of engelhardia roxburghiana and their antitubercular activities. | bioassay-guided fractionation of stems of engelhardia roxburghiana led to isolation of: four diarylheptanoids, engelheptanoxides a-d (1-4); two cyclic diarylheptanoids, engelhardiols a (5) and b (6); one naphthoquinone dimer, engelharquinonol (7); and one 1-tetralone, (4s)-4,6-dihydroxy-1-tetralone (8), along with 24 known compounds (9-32). the structures of 1-8 were by spectroscopic analysis. compounds 5, 6, 13, 22, and 23 showed antitubercular activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h(37)r ... | 2012 | 22818359 |
| assessing the transmission risk of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis epidemics in regions of taiwan. | the objective of this study was to link transmission dynamics with a probabilistic risk model to provide a mechanistically explicit assessment for estimating the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr tb) infection risk in regions of taiwan. | 2012 | 22818291 |
| villarinol, a new alkenoyloxyalkenol derivative from the endemic philippine rubiaceae species villaria odorata. | villarinol (1), a new alkenoyloxy alkenol metabolite, has been isolated from the dichloromethane extract of villaria odorata, an endemic rubiaceae philippine plant, along with the known compounds stigmasterol and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. the structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric studies. the extracts of v. odorata exhibited moderate inhibition against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv, based on the colorimetric microplate alamar blue assay. | 2012 | 22816306 |
| the diagnostic accuracy of urine-based xpert mtb/rif in hiv-infected hospitalized patients who are smear-negative or sputum scarce. | hospitals in sub-saharan africa are inundated with hiv-infected patients and tuberculosis (tb) is the commonest opportunistic infection in this sub-group. up to one third of tb-hiv co-infected patients fail to produce a sputum sample (sputum scarce) and diagnosis is thus often delayed or missed. we investigated the sensitivity of urine-based methods (xpert mtb/rif, lam strip test and lam elisa) in such patients. | 2012 | 22815718 |
| treatment of tuberculosis with levofloxacin or moxifloxacin: report of 6 pediatric cases. | we report 6 pediatric cases of tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and treated them with levofloxacin or moxifloxacin in the mother-child unit of a university hospital in france between 2005 and 2011. we assess the clinical efficacy and safety of fluoroquinolones and the benefit-risk ratio for their use as second-line antituberculosis drugs in children and adolescents. | 2012 | 22814964 |