| synthesis and evaluation of m. tuberculosis salicylate synthase (mbti) inhibitors designed to probe plasticity in the active site. | mycobacterium tuberculosis salicylate synthase (mbti) catalyses the first committed step in the biosynthesis of mycobactin t, an iron-chelating siderophore essential for the virulence and survival of m. tuberculosis. co-crystal structures of mbti with members of a first generation inhibitor library revealed large inhibitor-induced rearrangements within the active site of the enzyme. this plasticity of the mbti active site was probed via the preparation of a library of inhibitors based on a 2,3-d ... | 2012 | 23108268 |
| expression of cxcl10 (ip-10) and cxcl11 (i-tac) chemokines during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and immunoprophylaxis with mycobacterium indicus pranii (mw) in guinea pig. | mycobacterium indicus pranii (earlier known as mycobacterium w) has been used as an immunmodulatory agent in leprosy and tuberculosis by mediating the release of various cytokines and chemokines. cxcl10 (ip-10) and cxcl11 (i-tac) chemokines are involved in t-cell migration and stimulation of natural killer cells in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. in this study, the effect of heat killed m. indicus pranii (alone and in conjunction with chemotherapy) on disease progression was determined by ... | 2013 | 23107775 |
| diagnosis and treatment of latent infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in clinical practice, latent infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis is defined by the presence of an m. tuberculosis-specific immune response in the absence of active tuberculosis. targeted testing of individuals from risk groups with the tuberculin skin test or an interferon-γ release assay is currently the best method to identify those with the highest risk for progression to tuberculosis. positive predictive values of the immunodiagnostic tests are substantially influenced by the type of t ... | 2013 | 23107218 |
| drug resistance and is6110-rflp patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with recurrent tuberculosis in northern thailand. | the emergence of drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a global threat to tuberculosis (tb) prevention and control efforts. this study aimed to determine the drug resistance profiles and dna fingerprints of m. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with relapsed or retreatment pulmonary tb in chiang rai province in northern thailand. significant differences in multidrug resistance (mdr) (p = 0.025) and resistance to isoniazid (p = 0.025) and rifampin (p = 0.046) between first ... | 2013 | 23106595 |
| increment of antimycobaterial activity on lichexanthone derivatives. | a new dihydropyranexanthone derived from the natural xanthone lichexanthone (1) was synthesised and, together with other 18 derivatives including ω-bromo and ω-aminoalkoxylxanthones (containing methyl, ethyl, propyl, tertbutylamino and piperidinyl moieties), were tested against mycobacterium tuberculosis. nine ω-aminoalkoxylxanthones showed good antimycobacterial activity, and their in vitro cytotoxicity was determined using vero cells in order to calculate the selectivity index (si). one of the ... | 2013 | 23106287 |
| targeting drug tolerance in mycobacteria: a perspective from mycobacterial biofilms. | multidrug chemotherapy for 6-9-months is one of the primary treatments in effective control of tuberculosis, although the mechanisms underlying the persistence of its etiological agent, mycobacterium tuberculosis, against antibiotics remain unclear. ever-mounting evidence indicates that the survival of many environmental and pathogenic microbial species against antibiotics is influenced by their ability to grow as surface-associated multicellular communities called biofilms. in recent years, sev ... | 2012 | 23106280 |
| targeting the global regulator lsr2 as a novel approach for anti-tuberculosis drug development. | leprosy serum reactive clone 2 (lsr2; rv3597c) is a recently identified nucleoid-associated protein that acts as a global transcriptional regulator of mycobacterium tuberculosis. strikingly, lsr2 appears to play a critical role in controlling the expression of virulence-associated genes. here the authors outline the current knowledge concerning this novel global regulator and its potential as a target for chemotherapeutic intervention. compounds that induce high level expression of lsr2 may lead ... | 2012 | 23106279 |
| whib7, a transcriptional activator that coordinates physiology with intrinsic drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | current tuberculosis treatment regimens are notoriously limited, lengthy and becoming increasingly ineffective due to the emergence of drug-resistant mutant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the intrinsic resistance of m. tuberculosis to the majority of available drugs relies both on the impermeability of its cell envelope, and its ability to activate specific genes and physiological states. whib7 is a transcriptional regulatory protein underlying this adaptive process. transcription of the ... | 2012 | 23106278 |
| targeting the mycobacterial envelope for tuberculosis drug development. | the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis, possesses a rather unique outer membrane composed largely of lipids that possess long-chain and branched fatty acids, called mycolic acids. these lipids form a permeability barrier that prevents entry of many environmental solutes, thereby making these bacteria acid-fast and able to survive extremely hostile surroundings. antitubercular drugs must penetrate this layer to reach their target. this review highlights drug developmen ... | 2012 | 23106277 |
| elimination of intracellularly residing mycobacterium tuberculosis through targeting of host and bacterial signaling mechanisms. | with more than 2 billion latently infected people, tb continues to represent a serious threat to human health. according to the who, 1.1 million people died from tb in 2010, which is equal to approximately 3000 deaths per day. the causative agent of the disease, mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a highly successful pathogen having evolved remarkable strategies to persist within the host. although normally, upon phagocytosis by macrophages, bacteria are readily eliminated by lysosomes, pathogenic my ... | 2012 | 23106276 |
| inhibitors of mycobacterial efflux pumps as potential boosters for anti-tubercular drugs. | tuberculosis is one of the major causes of infection across the world. the emergence of multi-, extensively- and totally drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis contributes to the lack of therapeutic options available. the mechanisms associated with this resistance could involve mutations in genes coding for target proteins, decreased permeability, increased efflux and so on. resistance mediated by efflux systems has become more relevant, since these systems help the bacteria to ext ... | 2012 | 23106274 |
| strategies for potentiation of ethionamide and folate antagonists against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | antifolates inhibit de novo folate biosynthesis, whereas ethionamide targets the mycolate synthetic pathway in mycobacterium tuberculosis. these antibiotics are effective against m. tuberculosis but their use has been hampered by concerns over toxicity and low therapeutic indexes. with the increasing spread of drug-resistant forms, interest in using old drugs for tuberculosis treatment has been renewed. specific inhibitors targeting resistance mechanisms could sensitize m. tuberculosis to these ... | 2012 | 23106273 |
| targeting antibiotic resistance mechanisms in mycobacterium tuberculosis: recharging the old magic bullets. | | 2012 | 23106271 |
| mycpermcheck: the mycobacterium tuberculosis permeability prediction tool for small molecules. | with >8 million new cases in 2010, particularly documented in developing countries, tuberculosis (tb) is still a highly present pandemic and often terminal. this is also due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains (mdr-tb and xdr-tb) of the primary causative tb agent mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). efforts to develop new effective drugs against mtb are restrained by the unique and largely impermeable composition of the mycobacterial cell wall. | 2013 | 23104888 |
| mprab regulates the espa operon in mycobacterium tuberculosis and modulates esx-1 function and host cytokine response. | the esx-1 secretion system exports the immunomodulatory protein esat-6 and other proteins important in the pathogenesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis. components and substrates of esx-1 are encoded at several loci, but the regulation of the encoding genes is only partially understood. in this study, we investigated the role of the mprab two-component system in the regulation of esx-1 activity. we determined that mprab directly regulates the espa gene cluster, a locus necessary for esx-1 function ... | 2013 | 23104803 |
| a dual molecular beacon approach for fast detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the main objectives of this study were to assess a dual molecular beacon approach for fast detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt). mt beacon (tb-b) was designed to target the unique is6110 (114 bp) and rpob (215 bp) fragment of the mt (h37ra) genome, and the two fragments were inserted into the pmd-19t vector after purification, by pcr and sequencing, to construct plasmids. different dilutions of positive plasmid standards were used for dual molecular beacon rt-pcr of rpob and is6110, and ... | 2013 | 23104475 |
| rapid identification of mycobacteria and rapid detection of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis in cultured isolates and in respiratory specimens. | recent advances in molecular biology and better understanding of the genetic basis of drug resistance have allowed rapid identification of mycobacteria and rapid detection of drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis present in cultured isolates or in respiratory specimens. in this chapter, several simple nucleic acid amplification-based techniques are introduced as molecular approach for clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. a one-tube nested is6110-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is us ... | 2013 | 23104290 |
| test variability of the quantiferon-tb gold in-tube assay in clinical practice. | although ifn-γ release assays (igras) are widely used to screen for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in high-income countries, published data on repeatability are limited. | 2013 | 23103734 |
| serial quantiferon tb-gold in-tube testing during ltbi therapy in candidates for tnfi treatment. | to evaluate the t-cell interferon (ifn)-γ response to mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens during latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi) therapy in candidates for tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (tnfi). | 2013 | 23103667 |
| targeting the cell wall of mycobacterium tuberculosis: structure and mechanism of l,d-transpeptidase 2. | with multidrug-resistant cases of tuberculosis increasing globally, better antibiotic drugs and novel drug targets are becoming an urgent need. traditional β-lactam antibiotics that inhibit d,d-transpeptidases are not effective against mycobacteria, in part because mycobacteria rely mostly on l,d-transpeptidases for biosynthesis and maintenance of their peptidoglycan layer. this reliance plays a major role in drug resistance and persistence of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infections. the cry ... | 2012 | 23103390 |
| a multistage-polyepitope vaccine protects against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in hla-dr3 transgenic mice. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is responsible for almost 2 million deaths annually. bcg, currently the only tb vaccine, induces variable protection and does not protect against reactivation of latent tb. thus, efficient vaccines to supplement bcg are required urgently. since mtb's proteome differs qualitatively and quantitatively during bacterial replication stages from that expressed during dormancy, improved tb vaccines should drive immune responses to mtb antigens expressed during multiple ... | 2012 | 23103299 |
| in vitro infection of human cells with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | it has been estimated that approximately 50% of individuals exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis never become tuberculin skin test positive, which may indicate that successful human immunological responses are able not only to inhibit mycobacterial growth, but also to kill the bacteria. nevertheless, it has been extremely difficult to reproduce this effect in vitro and the ability of human phagocytes to eliminate the bacteria is controversial. this is one of the reasons why we do not fully unde ... | 2013 | 23103100 |
| s-nitrosylation of mycobacterium tuberculosis tyrosine phosphatase a (ptpa) induces its structural instability. | s-nitrosylation is associated with signal transduction and microbicidal activity of nitric oxide (no). we have recently described the s-nitrosylation of mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase a, ptpa, an enzyme that plays an important role in mycobacteria survival inside macrophages. this post-translational modification decreases the activity of the enzyme upon modification of a single cys residue, c53. the aim of the present work was the investigation of the effect of s-nitrosy ... | 2013 | 23102706 |
| utilization of bacteriological culture for increased diagnostic performance at a tuberculosis reference center hospital. | the purpose of this study was to assess the increase in positive results of bacteriological diagnostic tests for tuberculosis with the utilization of culture at a referral hospital for tuberculosis (tb). a retrospective analysis was conducted based on the positive bacteriological results obtained at the júlia kubistchek hospital. the number of bacteriological diagnoses was increased by 24.6 % with the utilization of culture of sputum samples and by 56.1% of bronchoalveolar lavage samples. with r ... | 2012 | 23102465 |
| [tobacco smoking and latent tuberculous infection]. | tobacco smoking has a significant impact on the risk of tuberculosis and the mortality of the disease. there is a strong dose-response relationship both in terms of quantity and duration of smoking. latent tuberculous infection and tuberculosis disease are different stages of the same infectious process but the relation between smoking and the risk of being infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis is less well understood. the aim of this review is to describe the relationship between tobacco con ... | 2012 | 23101642 |
| c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 mapk) are involved in mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced expression of leukotactin-1. | leukotactin(lkn)-1 is a cc chemokine and is upregulated in macrophages in response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection. we investigated whether mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are involved in mtb-induced expression of lkn-1. the up-regulation of lkn-1 by infection with mtb was inhibited in cells treated with inhibitors specific for jnk (sp600125) or p38 mapk (sb202190). since the up-regulation of lkn-1 by mtb has been reported to be mediated by the pi3-k/pdk1/akt signaling, w ... | 2012 | 23101513 |
| evaluation of co-trimoxazole in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. | co-trimoxazole (sxt), a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, has shown in vitro activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis. however, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of sxt in multidrug-resistant (mdr) tuberculosis (tb) are, thus far, lacking. therefore, we evaluated its pharmacokinetics and drug susceptibility, along with its tolerability during treatment. based on drug susceptibility testing, mdr-tb patients received sxt as a part of their mdr treatment. the pha ... | 2013 | 23100498 |
| evaluation of the speed-oligo direct mycobacterium tuberculosis assay for molecular detection of mycobacteria in clinical respiratory specimens. | we present the first evaluation of a novel molecular assay, the speed-oligo direct mycobacterium tuberculosis (so-dmt) assay, which is based on pcr combined with a dipstick for the detection of mycobacteria and the specific identification of m. tuberculosis complex (mtc) in respiratory specimens. a blind evaluation was carried out in two stages: first, under experimental conditions on convenience samples comprising 20 negative specimens, 44 smear- and culture-positive respiratory specimens, and ... | 2013 | 23100355 |
| specific and rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical samples by polymerase chain reaction. | background. tuberculosis, a global health problem and highly prevalent in india, has always been a serious problem with respect to definitive diagnosis. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques are now widely used for early detection and species differentiation of mycobacteria, but mostly with their own limitations. we aim to detect and differentiate mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infections by choosing appropriate target sequences, ideally present in all mycobacterial species (mtb complex) ... | 2012 | 23093958 |
| advances in mycobacterial isocitrate lyase targeting and inhibitors. | isocitrate lyase plays a key role for survival of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the latent form during a chronic stage of infection. this enzyme is important for m. tuberculosis during steady stage growth when it converts isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate. then, the glyoxylate is condensed with acetyl-coa to form malate by malate synthase. the carbon conserving glyoxylate pathway has not been observed in mammals; therefore, it has been determined as a potential drug target for discovery of ... | 2012 | 23092127 |
| functional characterization and evolution of the isotuberculosinol operon in mycobacterium tuberculosis and related mycobacteria. | terpenoid metabolites are important to the cellular function, structural integrity, and pathogenesis of the human-specific pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). genetic and biochemical investigations have indicated a role for the diterpenoid isotuberculosinol (isotb) early in the infection process. there are only two genes (rv3377c and rv3378c) required for production of isotb, yet these are found in what appears to be a five-gene terpenoid/isoprenoid biosynthetic operon. of the three remai ... | 2012 | 23091471 |
| controlled-release approaches towards the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis, is notorious for its lethality to humans. despite technological advances, the tubercle bacillus continues to threaten humans. according to the world health organization's 2011 global report on tb, 8.8 million cases of tb were reported in 2010, with a loss of 1.7 million human lives. as drug-susceptible tb requires long-term treatment of between 6 and 9 months, patient noncompliance remains the most important reason for treatme ... | 2012 | 23091386 |
| the lipoprotein lpqw is essential for the mannosylation of periplasmic glycolipids in corynebacteria. | phosphatidylinositol mannosides (pim), lipomannan (lm), and lipoarabinomannan (lam) are essential components of the cell wall and plasma membrane of mycobacteria, including the human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as the related corynebacterineae. we have previously shown that the lipoprotein, lpqw, regulates pim and lm/lam biosynthesis in mycobacteria. here, we provide direct evidence that lpqw regulates the activity of key mannosyltransferases in the periplasmic leaflet of the ce ... | 2012 | 23091062 |
| genotype of a historic strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the use of ancient dna in paleopathological studies of tuberculosis has largely been restricted to confirmation of disease identifications made by skeletal analysis; few attempts at obtaining genotype data from archaeological samples have been made because of the need to perform different pcrs for each genetic locus being studied in an ancient dna extract. we used a next generation sequencing approach involving hybridization capture directed at specific polymorphic regions of the mycobacterium t ... | 2012 | 23091009 |
| prevention of drug resistance by combined drug treatment of tuberculosis. | treatment with a combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs is thought to work by the first drug killing mutants resistant to the second drug, while the second drug kills those resistant to the first drug. combined treatment has been remarkably successful in preventing the emergence of resistance during the treatment of tuberculosis. this success has led to the introduction of multi-drug treatment for leprosy, hiv infections and cancer. its success in tuberculosis depends on a number of conditions s ... | 2012 | 23090597 |
| a new crystal form of mshb from mycobacterium tuberculosis with glycerol and acetate in the active site suggests the catalytic mechanism. | mshb, a zinc-based deacetylase, catalyses a step in the mycothiol biosynthetic pathway that involves the deacetylation of 1-o-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-d-myo-inositol (glcnac-ins), via cleavage of an amide bond, to 1-o-(2-amino-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-d-myo-inositol (glcn-ins) and acetate. in this study, mshb was expressed, purified and crystallized. a new crystal form was encountered in 0.1 m sodium acetate, 0.2 m ammonium sulfate, 25% peg 4000 ph 4.6. the crystals diffracted ... | 2012 | 23090394 |
| glutathione and infection. | the tripeptide γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine or glutathione (gsh) has demonstrated protective abilities against the detrimental effects of oxidative stress within the human body, as well as protection against infection by exogenous microbial organisms. | 2013 | 23089304 |
| endobronchial tuberculosis: histopathological subsets and microbiological results. | endobronchial tuberculosis (ebtb) is defined as a tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence, with or without parenchymal involvement. bronchoscopic appearances of ebtb have been divided into seven subtypes: actively caseating, edematous-hyperemic, fibrostenotic, tumorous, granular, ulcerative, and nonspecific bronchitic. however, information for establishing a definite microbiological diagnosis in each of these categories is lacking.we aimed ... | 2012 | 23088170 |
| total synthesis of the triglycosyl phenolic glycolipid pgl-tb1 from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | | 2012 | 23086739 |
| targeting essential cell wall lipase rv3802c for potential therapeutics against tuberculosis. | cell wall and lipid metabolism plays a vital role in the survival and infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. increase in the incidences of life-threatening multidrug-resistant (mdr) and extreme drug-resistant (xdr) tuberculosis worsens the existing scenario and urge the need of new druggable targets and new drugs. targeting rv3802c, an essential cell wall lipase, can open up a new arsenal to fight the dreadful opportunistic pathogen. our current study highlights the essentiality of rv3802c. it ... | 2012 | 23085165 |
| homepeptide repeats: implications for protein structure, function and evolution. | analysis of protein sequences from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv (mtb h37rv) was performed to identify homopeptide repeat-containing proteins (hrcps). functional annotation of the hrcps showed that they are preferentially involved in cellular metabolism. furthermore, these homopeptide repeats might play some specific roles in protein-protein interaction. repeat length differences among bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes were calculated in order to identify the conservation of the repeats in the ... | 2012 | 23084777 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis-secreted phosphatases: from pathogenesis to targets for tb drug development. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infects human alveolar macrophages and relies on the inhibition of phagosome acidification and maturation. this is, in part, dependent on the disruption of host signaling networks within the macrophage. in recent years, mtb-secreted protein- and lipid-phosphatases protein-tyrosine phosphatase a (ptpa), ptpb, and secreted acid phosphatase m (sapm) have been shown to contribute to mtb pathogenicity. here, we review the current knowledge on ptpa, ptpb, and sapm focu ... | 2013 | 23084287 |
| evolution of cutaneous tuberculosis over the past 30 years in a tertiary hospital on the european mediterranean coast. | there have been few studies on cutaneous tuberculosis (tb) in europe in recent years. objective. to retrospectively analyse the evolution of the various types of cutaneous tb over the past 30 years in an adult population in spain. | 2013 | 23083073 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis uvrc essentiality in response to uv-induced cell damage. | control of tuberculosis depends both on an effective, accurate, and rapid diagnosis and an effective treatment and management. antituberculous drugs have been used for more than 50 years and are likely ineffective against multidrug-resistant strains, leading to an urgent need for new drugs. comparative genome analysis has indicated that mycobacterium tuberculosis uvrc, a component of nucleotide excision repair (ner) system, is an essential gene without any human homolog. this raises the possibil ... | 2012 | 23082589 |
| prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis among patients at high-risk for hiv attending outpatient clinics in delhi, india. | we sought to determine tuberculosis (tb) prevalence including multidrug resistant (mdr)-tb among a cohort of high risk patients at two directly observed treatment short course (dots) clinics in delhi, india. we also aimed to compare the sensitivity of acid-fast bacilli (afb) smear tests for patients with hiv using sputum cultures as the gold standard. a cross-section study was conducted among adult patients (> or = 18 years old) with prolonged cough (greater than two weeks), night sweats, fever, ... | 2012 | 23082587 |
| detection of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from sputum samples of patients from jakarta, indonesia by radioisotope-based pcr-dot blot hybridization. | the problem of eradicating tuberculosis (tb) has become more complicated by the emergence of multidrug resistant tb (mdr-tb). any rapid laboratory method that can be used to detect drug susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is urgently needed. in this study, we employed the radioisotope (32p)-based pcr-dot blot hybridization method on sputum samples from patients in jakarta, indonesia. bacterial dna was extracted using boom method. katg and rpobeta were amplified by pcr and katg315 ... | 2012 | 23082558 |
| association of cd14 g(-1145)a and c(-159)t polymorphisms with reduced risk for tuberculosis in a chinese han population. | although the role of cd14 in mediating signals from toll-like receptors to recognize mycobacterium tuberculosis is known, how polymorphisms in this gene affect the susceptibility to develop tuberculosis are still not clear. we examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms at positions -1145 and -159 in the promoter region of the cd14 gene are associated with tuberculosis in a chinese han population in a case-control study of 432 chinese patients with tuberculosis and 404 ethnically matched he ... | 2012 | 23079836 |
| is mycobacterial heat shock protein 16 kda, a marker of the dormant stage of mycobacterium tuberculosis, a sarcoid antigen? | we demonstrated opposite presence of mycobacterial heat shock proteins (mtb-hsp) 70 kda, 65 kda, 16 kda in sera and lymph nodes in sarcoidosis (sa). higher occurrence of serum mtb-hsp70 than mtb-hsp 65 and mtb-hsp 16 could be caused by sequestration of mtb-hsp 65 and mtb-hsp 16 in circulating immune complexes (cis). it is possible that in genetically different predisposed hosts, mtb-hsp 16 induced by dose-dependent nitrate/nitrite (nox) may be involved in latent tuberculosis (tb), active tb, or ... | 2013 | 23079237 |
| a clinicopathologic study of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis in thailand. | tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is an uncommon disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis of the testis and epididymis. we reviewed 25 cases of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis, diagnosed at the faculty of medicine ramathibodi hospital, mahidol university between july 2000 and june 2010. the mean age at diagnosis was 54.5 years (range: 30 to 91 years). cultures from testicular and epididymal tissues were positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis in 6 cases. the clinical presentations of tuberculous ... | 2012 | 23077818 |
| determining mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among bcg-immunised ugandan children by t-spot.tb and tuberculin skin testing. | children with latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi) represent a huge reservoir for future disease. we wished to determine mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) infection prevalence among bcg-immunised five-year-old children in entebbe, uganda, but there are limited data on the performance of immunoassays for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in children in endemic settings. we therefore evaluated agreement between a commercial interferon gamma release assay (t-spot.tb) and the tuberculin skin test ... | 2012 | 23077594 |
| the genotypic population structure of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from moroccan patients reveals a predominance of euro-american lineages. | tuberculosis (tb) remains a major health problem in morocco. characterization of circulating mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic lineages, important to understand the dynamic of the disease, was hereby addressed for the first time at a national level. | 2012 | 23077552 |
| virulence factors of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) consists of closely related species that cause tuberculosis in both humans and animals. this illness, still today, remains to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. the mycobacteria enter the host by air, and, once in the lungs, are phagocytated by macrophages. this may lead to the rapid elimination of the bacillus or to the triggering of an active tuberculosis infection. a large number of different virulence fa ... | 2013 | 23076359 |
| is repositioning of drugs a viable alternative in the treatment of tuberculosis? | antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem because of the scarcity of new antibiotics effective against pathogens such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, β-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria and multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. extensively drug resistance is particularly worrying in tuberculosis (tb), since the causative bacteria have become resistant to almost all available first- and second-line drugs and resistance is a threat to achieving control of the ... | 2013 | 23075693 |
| description of pediatric tuberculosis evaluated in a referral center in istanbul turkey. | diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) in children is more challenging than in adults. this study aimed to describe demographical, clinical and laboratory findings of children diagnosed with tuberculosis in turkey, including the issues of contact tracing, culture positivity and forms of the disease. | 2012 | 23074119 |
| cytokine responses in relation to age, gender, body mass index, mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and otitis media among inuit in greenland. | to evaluate the cytokine response pattern in inuit in greenland in relation to age, gender, body mass index (bmi), mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (mti), and otitis media (om) to assess whether inuit may have signs of impaired immune responsiveness to infection. | 2012 | 23073911 |
| altered ratio of ifn-γ/il-10 in patients with drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis and hiv- tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. | we have described a clinical relationship between hiv-tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (tb-iris) and anti-tubercular drug resistance. here we studied the immune response of tb-iris patients from whom a drug-resistant (n = 11) or drug-susceptible (n = 25) mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) strain was isolated after presenting with tb-iris. elispot analysis and multiplex cytokine analysis of the supernatant collected from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated overnigh ... | 2012 | 23071578 |
| vitamin d rescues impaired mycobacterium tuberculosis-mediated tumor necrosis factor release in macrophages of hiv-seropositive individuals through an enhanced toll-like receptor signaling pathway in vitro. | mycobacterium tuberculosis disease represents an enormous global health problem, with exceptionally high morbidity and mortality in hiv-seropositive (hiv(+)) persons. alveolar macrophages from hiv(+) persons demonstrate specific and targeted impairment of critical host cell responses, including impaired m. tuberculosis-mediated tumor necrosis factor (tnf) release and macrophage apoptosis. vitamin d may promote anti-m. tuberculosis responses through upregulation of macrophage no, nadph oxidase, c ... | 2013 | 23071135 |
| is there a place for β-lactams in the treatment of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? synergy between meropenem and amoxicillin/clavulanate. | to: (i) assess if amoxicillin/clavulanate is a useful option for the management of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr/xdr-tb); (ii) assess if meropenem/clavulanate is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations achievable in vivo; and (iii) determine whether there was inhibition of meropenem/clavulanate activity in the presence of amoxicillin. | 2013 | 23070734 |
| a microplate fluorescence assay for dapa aminotransferase by detection of the vicinal diamine 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid. | 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (dapa) aminotransferase is an enzyme of the biotin biosynthetic pathway that plays an essential role in mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. inhibition of this enzyme is a potential strategy to combat this microorganism, the causative agent of tuberculosis. to identify new inhibitors as potential drugs, a simple enzymatic assay for high-throughput screening (hts) is needed. several methods for measuring dapa aminotransferase activity are already available. however, re ... | 2013 | 23068037 |
| the design, synthesis, in silico adme profiling, antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial evaluation of new arylamino quinoline derivatives. | a series of new arylamino quinoline derivatives was designed based on the quinine and mefloquine scaffolds and evaluated in vitro for antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities. a number of these compounds exhibited significant activity against the drug-sensitive 3d7 and drug-resistant k1 strains of plasmodium falciparum. furthermore, two compounds, 4.12b and 4.12d, also showed 94 and 98% growth inhibitory activity against non-replicating and replicating mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, ... | 2012 | 23064162 |
| the synthesis and antituberculosis activity of 5'-nor carbocyclic uracil derivatives. | a series of new carbocyclic uracil derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential antituberculosis agents. racemic 1-[4'-hydroxy-2'-cyclopenten-1'-yl]-5-tetradecynyluracil completely inhibited the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv in vitro at a concentration of 10 μg/ml. individual (+) and (-) isomers of the above uracil derivative were isolated and showed the same level of activity against two strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis: laboratory sensitive (h37rv) and clinical res ... | 2012 | 23062712 |
| design and synthesis of 1h-1,2,3-triazoles derived from econazole as antitubercular agents. | econazole has been known to be active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. we have designed and synthesized 1h-1,2,3-triazoles derived from econazole as antitubercular agents. the majority of triazole derivatives have been prepared by microwave-assisted click chemistry. it turned out that all of the prepared triazoles had no antifungal activities. however, most of the hydroxy-triazoles (6a and 10) apparently turned out to have antitubercular activities. overall, hydroxy-triazoles 10 were more act ... | 2012 | 23058885 |
| dna microarrays for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. | the diagnosis of bacterial infections relies on isolation of the bacterium, which is rarely achieved when needed for patient management. furthermore, culture is poorly suited to the diagnosis of polymicrobial infections. finally, a syndromic approach should target both bacteria and viruses causing the same syndrome. the detection of specific dna sequences in clinical specimen, using dna microarrays, is an alternative. microarrays were first used as a diagnostic tool in 1993, to identify a hantav ... | 2012 | 23058632 |
| interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | data regarding the use of interferon-gamma release assays (igras) for tuberculosis diagnosis are accumulating. we systematically searched pubmed, embase and cochrane and performed pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity of quantiferon-tb gold in tube (qft-g-it) and t-spot.tb compared to tuberculin skin test (tst). for studies assessing sensitivity, children had to have active tuberculosis. specificity data were derived from children classified as non-infected. eleven studies were include ... | 2017 | 23058005 |
| selection and application of ssdna aptamers to detect active tb from sputum samples. | despite the enormous global burden of tuberculosis (tb), conventional approaches to diagnosis continue to rely on tests that have major drawbacks. the improvement of tb diagnostics relies, not only on good biomarkers, but also upon accurate detection methodologies. the 10-kda culture filtrate protein (cfp-10) and the 6-kda early secreted antigen target (esat-6) are potent t-cell antigens that are recognised by over 70% of tb patients. aptamers, a novel sensitive and specific class of detection m ... | 2012 | 23056492 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis strains potentially involved in the tb epidemic in sweden a century ago. | a hundred years ago the prevalence of tuberculosis (tb) in sweden was one of the highest in the world. in this study we conducted a population-based search for distinct strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from patients born in sweden before 1945. many of these isolates represent the m. tuberculosis complex population that fueled the tb epidemic in sweden during the first half of the 20(th) century. | 2012 | 23056484 |
| non-diabetic hyperglycemia exacerbates disease severity in mycobacterium tuberculosis infected guinea pigs. | hyperglycemia, the diagnostic feature of diabetes also occurs in non-diabetics associated with chronic inflammation and systemic insulin resistance. since the increased risk of active tb in diabetics has been linked to the severity and duration of hyperglycemia, we investigated what effect diet-induced hyperglycemia had on the severity of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection in non-diabetic guinea pigs. post-prandial hyperglycemia was induced in guinea pigs on normal chow by feeding a 40% ... | 2012 | 23056469 |
| insilico analysis and molecular docking of resuscitation promoting factor b (rpfb) protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | invulnerability of mycobacterium tuberculosis to various drugs and its persistency has stood as a hurdle in the race against eradication of the pathogenecity of the bacteria. identification of novel antituberculosis compounds is highly demanding as the available drugs are resistant. the ability of the bacteria to surpass the body's defenses and adapt itself to survive for disease reactivation is contributed by secreted proteins called resuscitating promoting factors (rpfs). these factors aid in ... | 2012 | 23055604 |
| mycobacterium sulfur metabolism and implications for novel drug targets. | new antibiotic targets are urgently needed to tackle the multidrug resistant and latent mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of the most formidable infectious disease tuberculosis. sulfur metabolism is essential for the survival and virulence of many pathogens including m. tuberculosis. the absence of most genes involved in microbial sulfur metabolism in human beings suggests abundant novel potential antibiotic targets in pathogen sulfur metabolism. in this article, a comparative geno ... | 2013 | 23054909 |
| infections of the spinal subdural space in children: a series of 11 contemporary cases and review of all published reports. a multinational collaborative effort. | positioned anatomically between the spinal epidural space and the intramedullary compartment, the spinal subdural space remains the least common area of localized infection in the central nervous system. infectious processes of the subdural spinal space include subdural spinal empyema, subdural spinal abscess, infected spinal subdural cyst, and infectious spinal subdural cyst. to date, there has been no systematic review of these entities in children, with the cumulative knowledge of the pathoph ... | 2013 | 23053357 |
| usefulness of multiplex pcr in the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis in females with infertility. | the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the usefulness of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) in detecting uterine tuberculosis in women with infertility. in a prospective study, endometrial curetting from 620 females with infertility were investigated using laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, histopathology, smear microscopy, mycobacterial culture in bactec mgit™ 960, and in-house m-pcr. the mean age of the women was 29.75 ± 4.66 years. the majority (596) sought medical attention for i ... | 2013 | 23052988 |
| diagnostic usefulness of a t-cell-based assay in patients with miliary tuberculosis compared with those with lymph node tuberculosis. | forty-three patients with miliary tuberculosis were evaluated for diagnostic usefulness of enzyme-linked immunospot (elispot) assay. among noninvasive rapid tests available within 3-5 days, elispot had the highest sensitivity (93%), compared with acid-fast bacilli stain (sputum, 32% and bronchoalveolar lavage, 7%), mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (sputum, 53% and bronchoalveolar lavage, 36%), and tuberculin skin test (22%). in comparison with 44 patients with lymph node tube ... | 2013 | 23051762 |
| oral vaccination with lipid-formulated bcg induces a long-lived, multifunctional cd4(+) t cell memory immune response. | oral delivery of bcg in a lipid formulation (liporale™-bcg) targets delivery of viable bacilli to the mesenteric lymph nodes and confers protection against an aerosol mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. the magnitude, quality and duration of the effector and memory immune response induced by liporale™-bcg vaccination is unknown. therefore, we compared the effector and memory cd4(+) t cell response in the spleen and lungs of mice vaccinated with liporale™-bcg to the response induced by subcutan ... | 2012 | 23049885 |
| evaluation of direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in respiratory and non-respiratory clinical specimens using the cepheid gene xpert® system. | to compare the sensitivity and specificity of cepheid gene xpert®, mtb/rif assay for direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) and rifampin (rif) resistance with conventional methods in respiratory and non-respiratory clinical specimens. | 2012 | 23047207 |
| update on ocular tuberculosis. | despite recent downtrends, tuberculosis remains a worldwide public health concern. this review provides an update on recent demographic data, clinical and experimental data, and diagnostic modalities. | 2012 | 23047173 |
| synthesis and antituberculosis activity of novel unfolded and macrocyclic derivatives of ent-kaurane steviol. | new derivatives of steviol 1, the aglycone of the glycosides of stevia rebaudiana, including a novel class of semisynthetic diterpenoids, namely macrocyclic ent-kauranes were synthesized. these compounds possess antituberculosis activity inhibiting the in vitro growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis (h37r(v) strain) with mic 5-20 μg/ml that is close to mic 1 μg/ml demonstrated by antituberculosis drug isoniazid in control experiment. for the first time it was found that the change of ent-kaurane g ... | 2012 | 23046964 |
| identification of antituberculosis agents that target ribosomal protein interactions using a yeast two-hybrid system. | mycobacterium tuberculosis kills about 2 million people annually and antibiotic resistance is a cause of increased mortality. therefore, development of new antituberculosis drugs is urgent for the control of widespread tuberculosis infections. for this purpose, we performed an innovative screen to identify new agents that disrupt the function of ribosomes in m. tuberculosis. two bacterial ribosomal proteins l12 and l10 interact with each other and constitute the stalk of the 50s ribosomal subuni ... | 2012 | 23045703 |
| tuberculosis diagnosis after bleach processing for early stage tuberculosis laboratory capacity building. | the diagnosis of tuberculosis is seriously hampered in the absence of standard biosafety laboratory facilities for specimen concentration and mycobacterium tuberculosis culture. within a laboratory twinning arrangement, heat-fixed direct smear and sediment from 74 bleach-processed and 20 non-processed specimens from cumura hospital, guinea-bissau, were sent to lisbon for molecular evaluation of rifampicin resistance. sequence analysis of a 369 base-pair rpob locus detected 3.2% (3/94) resistant ... | 2012 | 23044448 |
| heterogeneity of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in makassar, indonesia. | patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) visiting government tb diagnostic and treatment centres in makassar city, south sulawesi province, indonesia, from february to october 2008 were included in the study. | 2012 | 23044445 |
| the knowns and unknowns of the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. | in this review, we discuss the 'knowns' and 'unknowns' of host defence towards mycobacterium tuberculosis. with regard to the 'knowns', both protective and immunopathogenic mechanisms are discussed, including recently discovered new pathways of host defence and inflammatory immunopathology. with regard to the 'unknowns', there will be emphasis on unanswered key questions, accompanied by a perspective on needs and priorities for future research. the role of the inflammatory response and its dysre ... | 2012 | 23044443 |
| molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium tuberculosis in gansu province of china. | mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat (miru-vntr) and beijing family typing based on detecting the deletion of rd105 sequence are two common genotyping methods used to study the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of mycobacterium (m.) tuberculosis. we collected 218 strains of m. tuberculosis between 2004 and 2006 in the linxia hui autonomous prefecture of gansu province in northwest china. | 2012 | 23044306 |
| antitubercular activity of the semi-polar extractives of uvaria rufa. | to investigate the inhibitory activity of the chloroform extract, petroleum ether and chloroform sub-extracts, lead-acetate treated chloroform extract, fractions and secondary metabolites of uvaria rufa (u. rufa) against mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) h(37)rv. | 2012 | 23043915 |
| recent advances in the research of heterocyclic compounds as antitubercular agents. | tuberculosis (tb) is a major health problem, with approximately one-third of the world's population infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, eight million people in the active disease state, and two million dying annually. furthermore, the prevalence of tb/hiv co-infection, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb) have further aggravated the spread of this disease and thus mortality by it. there is an urgent need for nov ... | 2012 | 23042656 |
| rib lesions in skeletons from early neolithic sites in central germany: on the trail of tuberculosis at the onset of agriculture. | as an infectious disease, tuberculosis (tb) is one of the major causes of death worldwide. paleopathological and paleomicrobiological studies indicate a long standing association of the causative agent mycobacterium tuberculosis and its human host. since the occurrence and the epidemic spread of this pathogen seem to be closely linked to social and biological factors, it is of particular interest to understand better the role of tb during periods of social and nutritional change such as the neol ... | 2012 | 23042554 |
| c57bl/6 mice need mhc class ii aq to develop collagen-induced arthritis dependent on autoreactive t cells. | collagen-induced arthritis (cia) has traditionally been performed in mhc class ii a(q)-expressing mice, whereas most genetically modified mice are on the c57bl/6 background (expressing the b haplotype of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii region). however, c57bl/6 mice develop arthritis after immunisation with chicken-derived collagen type ii (cii), but arthritis susceptibility has been variable, and the immune specificity has not been clarified. | 2013 | 23041839 |
| rrs and rpsl mutations in streptomycin-resistant isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from mexico. | mutations in rpsl and rrs genes are associated with resistance to streptomycin in tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations. the goal of this study was to characterize these mutations in isolates of streptomycin-resistant mycobacteria originating from southeast mexico. | 2013 | 23040237 |
| comparison of the mgit tbc immunochromatographic assay with the accuprobe gen-probe tb assay for identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: results from a low-burden tuberculosis setting. | we compared the bd mpt64 tbc antigen assay with the gen-probe tb assay for identifying mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from liquid culture vials. the bd tbc antigen assay was more sensitive than and as specific as the gen-probe tb assay, making it a useful alternative for the rapid detection of mtb. | 2012 | 23036825 |
| monocytes and the 38kda-antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis modulate natural killer cell activity and their cytolysis directed against ovarian cancer cell lines. | despite strong efforts to improve clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients by conventional and targeted immuno-based therapies, the prognosis of advanced ovarian cancer is still poor. natural killer (nk) cells mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc), release immunostimulatory cytokines and thus function as potent anti-tumour effector cells. however, tumour cells developed mechanisms to escape from an effective immune response. so highly immunogenic substances, like the 38 kda- ... | 2012 | 23036052 |
| haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a cause for rare but fatal outcome in tuberculosis. | haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hlh), also called haemophagocytic syndrome (hps) is characterised by a dysregulated activation and proliferation of macrophages, leading to uncontrolled phagocytosis of platelets, erythrocytes, lymphocytes and their haematopoietic precursors throughout the reticuloendothelial system. mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated hps is a rare and underdiagnosed association. we report a 34-year-old male patient diagnosed with tubercular pleural effusion responding poo ... | 2012 | 23035171 |
| notes from the field: tuberculosis outbreak in a long-term-care facility for mentally ill persons - puerto rico, 2010-2012. | during january 2012, the puerto rico department of health (prdoh) detected a tuberculosis (tb) outbreak among residents of a long-term-care facility in the san juan metropolitan area. the same rare mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype was identified in isolates from four patients. this facility housed 40 men, aged 40-71 years, with severe mental illness. during april 2012, cdc assisted prdoh with the investigation to describe outbreak epidemiology, identify and prioritize contacts for evaluation ... | 2012 | 23034589 |
| mixed-strain mycobacterium tuberculosis infections and the implications for tuberculosis treatment and control. | numerous studies have reported that individuals can simultaneously harbor multiple distinct strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. to date, there has been limited discussion of the consequences for the individual or the epidemiological importance of mixed infections. here, we review studies that documented mixed infections, highlight challenges associated with the detection of mixed infections, and discuss possible implications of mixed infections for the diagnosis and treatment of patients and ... | 2012 | 23034327 |
| implementation of xpert mtb/rif for routine point-of-care diagnosis of tuberculosis at the primary care level. | xpert mtb/rif (xpert) offers rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. however, little is known about routine point-of-care (poc) use in high tb/hiv burden settings. we describe our experiences of launching xpert as the poc, initial diagnostic for all tb suspects at a primary healthcare clinic in johannesburg, south africa. noted important benefits of poc xpert were fewer clinic visits, rapid detection of tb and rifampicin resistance, real-time assessment of accomp ... | 2012 | 23034211 |
| socs3 promotes interleukin-17 expression of human t cells. | socs3 is a feedback regulator of cytokine signaling that affects t-cell polarization. human tuberculosis is accompanied by increased socs3 expression in t cells, and this may influence susceptibility against mycobacterium tuberculosis. because the role of socs3 in human t-cell function is not well defined, we characterized cytokine expression and proliferation of human t cells with differential socs3 expression in the present study. we established a flow cytometry-based method for socs3 protein ... | 2012 | 23033269 |
| an important role of prostanoid receptor ep2 in host resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. | mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, resides and replicates within susceptible hosts by inhibiting host antimicrobial mechanisms. prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)), produced by m. tuberculosis-infected macrophages, exerts a variety of immunomodulatory functions via 4 receptors (ep1-ep4), each mediating distinct pge(2) functions. here, we show that m. tuberculosis infection selectively upregulates ep2 messenger rna expression in cd4(+) t cells. we found that ep2 deficiency i ... | 2012 | 23033144 |
| induction of protective immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis by delivery of esx antigens into airway dendritic cells. | as the bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine does not confer long-lasting protection against lung mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, the development of more efficient vaccines is greatly needed. here, we used mycobacterial low-molecular weight proteins of the 6-kda early secreted antigenic target (esat-6) protein family (esx) antigens for the evaluation of a novel vaccine delivery strategy that enables versatile in vivo targeting of antigens into specialized dendritic cell (dc) subsets. esx ... | 2013 | 23032790 |
| in silico identification and characterization of the ion transport specificity for p-type atpases in the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | p-type atpases hydrolyze atp and release energy that is used in the transport of ions against electrochemical gradients across plasma membranes, making these proteins essential for cell viability. currently, the distribution and function of these ion transporters in mycobacteria are poorly understood. | 2012 | 23031689 |
| why and how thioridazine in combination with antibiotics to which the infective strain is resistant will cure totally drug-resistant tuberculosis. | over a period of 14 years, the authors have studied thioridazine, an old neuroleptic, that has been shown to have in vitro activity against intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis, regardless of its antibiotic resistance status, thioridazine cures infected mice of antibiotic-susceptible and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (tb) infections and, when used in combination with antibiotics used for therapy of tb, renders the organism significantly more susceptible. this article will describe the aut ... | 2012 | 23030326 |
| clinical evaluation of cobas taqman pcr for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. avium complex. | a retrospective observational study was performed to determine the sensitivity and limitation of pcr test for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. avium complex. we obtained clinical specimens collected from the respiratory tract, cultured m. tuberculosis or m. avium complex, and performed pcr analysis. a total of 299 samples (m. tuberculosis, 177; m. avium, 35; m. intracellulare, 87) were analyzed by cobas taqman pcr from april 2007 to march 2011. the pcr positivity rates were 50- ... | 2012 | 23029612 |
| mmppox inhibits mycobacterium tuberculosis lipolytic enzymes belonging to the hormone-sensitive lipase family and alters mycobacterial growth. | lipid metabolism plays an important role during the lifetime of mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. although m. tuberculosis possesses numerous lipolytic enzymes, very few have been characterized yet at a biochemical/pharmacological level. this study was devoted to the m. tuberculosis lipolytic enzymes belonging to the hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) family, which encompasses twelve serine hydrolases closely related to the human hsl. among them, nine were expressed, p ... | 2012 | 23029536 |
| potential role of m. tuberculosis specific ifn-γ and il-2 elispot assays in discriminating children with active or latent tuberculosis. | although currently available igra have been reported to be promising markers for tb infection, they cannot distinguish active tuberculosis (tb) from latent infection (ltbi). | 2012 | 23029377 |