| comparison of the lowenstein-jensen medium, the middlebrook 7h10 medium and mb/bact for the isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) from clinical specimens. | tuberculosis (tb) is the most common cause of death due to a single infectious agent worldwide in adults. india alone accounts for 30% of the global tuberculosis burden. there is a need for a method of cultivation of mycobacteria that is reliable and economical and has a short turnaround time. | 2012 | 23373033 |
| syntheses of lipophilic chalcones and their conformationally restricted analogues as antitubercular agents. | lipophilic chalcones and their conformationally restricted analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their antitubercular efficacy against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv strain. compounds 16, 24, 25a and 25c were found to be active mic at 60, 30, 3.5 and 7.5 μg-ml(-1). in vitro cytotoxicity of compounds 16, 24, 25a, 25c and 26 in non-cancerous human epithelial kidney cell line (hek-293) showed that most active compound 25a was approximately 2.85 times selective towards tubercular versus hea ... | 2013 | 23369537 |
| [prospects for the development of new antituberculous drugs based on the drug targets related to virulence factors interfering with host cytokine networks]. | worldwide, tuberculosis remains the most frequent and important infectious disease to cause morbidity and death. however, the development of new drugs for the treatment and prophylaxis of tb has been slow. therefore, novel types of antituberculous drugs, which act on the unique drug targets in mycobacterium tuberculosis, particularly the drug targts related to the establishment of mycobacterial dormancy and persistency in host macrophages, are urgently needed. in this context, it should be noted ... | 2012 | 23367846 |
| [pet/ct for monitoring the therapeutic response in a patient with abdominal lymph node tuberculosis after colon cancer resection]. | in february 2007, a 76-year-old man underwent endoscopic mucosal resection (emr) for sigmoid colon cancer. histological examination of the emr specimen revealed adenocarcinoma in adenoma that was confined to the mucosal layer, and pathological complete resection was achieved. since then, the patient has been followed up every year with endoscopic examination of the colon, with normal results except for hemorrhoids. in june 2011, a positive result for occult blood was obtained on examination of a ... | 2012 | 23367829 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis recognition with conventional microscopy. | this paper presents a new method for segmentation of tuberculosis bacillus in conventional sputum smear microscopy. the method comprises three main steps. in the first step, a scalar selection are made for characteristics from the following color spaces: rgb, hsi, ycbcr and lab. the features used for pixel classification in the segmentation step were the components and subtraction of components of these color spaces. in the second step, a feedforward neural network pixel classifier, using select ... | 2012 | 23367361 |
| suppression of breast tumor growth by dna vaccination against phosphatase of regenerating liver 3. | phosphatase of regenerating liver (prl)-3 is highly expressed in multiple cancers and has important roles in cancer development. some small-molecule inhibitors and antibodies targeting prl-3 have been recently reported to inhibit tumor growth effectively. to determine whether prl-3-targeted dna vaccination can induce immune response to prevent or inhibit the tumor growth, we established mouse d2f2 breast cancer cells expressing prl-3 (d2f2/prl-3) and control cells (d2f2/nc) with lentivirus, and ... | 2013 | 23364316 |
| cd271(+) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may provide a niche for dormant mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) can persist in hostile intracellular microenvironments evading immune cells and drug treatment. however, the protective cellular niches where mtb persists remain unclear. we report that mtb may maintain long-term intracellular viability in a human bone marrow (bm)-derived cd271(+)/cd45(-) mesenchymal stem cell (bm-msc) population in vitro. we also report that mtb resides in an equivalent population of bm-mscs in a mouse model of dormant tuberculosis infection. vi ... | 2013 | 23363977 |
| comparative study of is6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism and variable-number tandem-repeat typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the netherlands, based on a 5-year nationwide survey. | in order to switch from is6110 and polymorphic gc-rich repetitive sequence (pgrs) restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) to 24-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (vntr) typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in the national tuberculosis control program in the netherlands, a detailed evaluation on discriminatory power and agreement with findings in a cluster investigation was performed on 3,975 tuberculosis cases during the period of 2004 to 2008. the level of discriminat ... | 2013 | 23363841 |
| development of a novel pcr restriction analysis of the hsp65 gene as a rapid method to screen for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria in high-burden countries. | the limitations of conventional methods of identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis have led to the development of several nucleic acid amplification techniques which have the advantage of being rapid, sensitive, and specific. however, their expense or the need for technical expertise makes it difficult to use them in regions in which tuberculosis is endemic. a novel pcr restriction analysis (pra) of the hsp65 gene was therefore developed for rapid screening of clinical isolates to identify ... | 2013 | 23363822 |
| the substrate capture mechanism of mycobacterium tuberculosis anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase provides a mode for inhibition. | anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase (anprt, ec 2.4.2.18) is a homodimeric enzyme that catalyzes the reaction between 5'-phosphoribosyl 1'-pyrophosphate (prpp) and anthranilate, as part of the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. here we present the results of the first chemical screen for inhibitors against mycobacterium tuberculosis anprt (mtb-anprt), along with crystal structures of mtb-anprt in complex with prpp and several inhibitors. previous work revealed that prpp is bound at the base of a ... | 2013 | 23363292 |
| spinal tuberculosis in an infant associated with maternal urinary tuberculosis. | a ten-month-old infant who presented with regression of milestones and seizures was noted to have a gibbus deformity in the upper thoracic region. she was diagnosed to have spine and central nervous system tuberculosis by culture of pus from the paravertebral abcess which showed a growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the mother, who had been having recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection, was diagnosed to have urinary tb proven by culture. spinal tuberculosis, though rare, can be encounte ... | 2012 | 23362715 |
| nrdh-redoxin of mycobacterium tuberculosis and corynebacterium glutamicum dimerizes at high protein concentration and exclusively receives electrons from thioredoxin reductase. | nrdh-redoxins are small reductases with a high amino acid sequence similarity with glutaredoxins and mycoredoxins but with a thioredoxin-like activity. they function as the electron donor for class ib ribonucleotide reductases, which convert ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides. we solved the x-ray structure of oxidized nrdh-redoxin from corynebacterium glutamicum (cg) at 1.5 å resolution. based on this monomeric structure, we built a homology model of nrdh-redoxin from mycobacterium tuberc ... | 2013 | 23362277 |
| bayesian analysis of gene essentiality based on sequencing of transposon insertion libraries. | next-generation sequencing affords an efficient analysis of transposon insertion libraries, which can be used to identify essential genes in bacteria. to analyse this high-resolution data, we present a formal bayesian framework for estimating the posterior probability of essentiality for each gene, using the extreme-value distribution to characterize the statistical significance of the longest region lacking insertions within a gene. we describe a sampling procedure based on the metropolis-hasti ... | 2013 | 23361328 |
| prevalence of mycobacteremia among hiv-infected infants and children in northern tanzania. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a common cause of bloodstream infections among hiv-infected adults in sub-saharan africa, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. we found no cases of mycobacteremia among 93 ill, hiv-infected children in northern tanzania, despite optimization of laboratory methods and selection of patients thought to be at highest risk for disseminated infection. | 2013 | 23360831 |
| asperterpenoid a, a new sesterterpenoid as an inhibitor of mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase b from the culture of aspergillus sp. 16-5c. | asperterpenoid a (1), a novel sesterterpenoid with a new carbon skeleton, has been isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus aspergillus sp. 16-5c. its structure was characterized by extensive spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configuration was determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. asperterpenoid a (1) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase b (mptpb) with an ic(50) value of 2.2 μm. | 2013 | 23360543 |
| design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of tryptanthrins as antitubercular agents. | the natural product tryptanthrin (1a) represents a potential lead for new tuberculosis (tb) drugs since tryptanthrin and its synthetic analogues possess potent in vitro activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). however, in spite of their in vitro activity, none of these agents have been shown to be efficacious in vivo against animal models of tb. described herein are syntheses of new tryptanthrin analogues together with a systematic investigation of their in vitro antitubercular activit ... | 2013 | 23360475 |
| physiological adaptation of the rhodococcus jostii rha1 membrane proteome to steroids as growth substrates. | rhodococcus jostii rha1 is a catabolically versatile soil actinomycete that can utilize a wide range of organic compounds as growth substrates including steroids. to globally assess the adaptation of the protein composition in the membrane fraction to steroids, the membrane proteomes of rha1 grown on each of cholesterol and cholate were compared to pyruvate-grown cells using gel-free simple-mudpit technology. label-free quantification by spectral counting revealed 59 significantly regulated prot ... | 2013 | 23360181 |
| an accurate method for the qualitative detection and quantification of mycobacterial promoter activity. | the present study was designed to determine the half-life of gfp(m) (2+) mrna, which encodes mycobacterial codon-optimised highly fluorescent gfp(m) (2+) protein, and to find out whether mycobacterial promoter activity can be quantitated more accurately using the mrna levels of the reporter gene, gfp(m) (2+), than the fluorescence intensity of the gfp(m) (2+) protein. quantitative pcr of gfp(m) (2+) mrna in the pulse-chased samples of the rifampicin-treated mycobacterium smeg-matis/gfpm(2+) tran ... | 2013 | 23359792 |
| role of interleukin 6 in innate immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | mycobacterium tuberculosis can grow in the hostile intracellular environment of macrophages by actively evading macrophage-associated antibacterial activities. the stress response factor sigh contributes to this process by modulating β-chemokine and interleukin 6 (il6) expression. hence, il6 is of critical importance for acquired immunity against m. tuberculosis infection. here, we attempted to better characterize the role of il6 in the immune response to m. tuberculosis infection. | 2013 | 23359591 |
| memory t cells in latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection are directed against three antigenic islands and largely contained in a cxcr3+ccr6+ th1 subset. | an understanding of the immunological footprint of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) cd4 t cell recognition is still incomplete. here we report that human th1 cells specific for mtb are largely contained in a cxcr3(+)ccr6(+) memory subset and highly focused on three broadly immunodominant antigenic islands, all related to bacterial secretion systems. our results refute the notion that secreted antigens act as a decoy, since both secreted proteins and proteins comprising the secretion system itsel ... | 2013 | 23358848 |
| a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of rifampin in mice. | one problem associated with regimen-based development of antituberculosis (anti-tb) drugs is the difficulty of a systematic and thorough in vivo evaluation of the large number of possible regimens that arise from consideration of multiple drugs tested together. a mathematical model capable of simulating the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of experimental combination chemotherapy of tb offers a way to mitigate this problem by extending the use of available data to investigate regimens that ... | 2013 | 23357766 |
| synthesis and antitubercular activity of amino alcohol fused spirochromone conjugates. | a series of 21 new amino alcohol fused spirochromone conjugates have been synthesized, characterized with analytical data and evaluated their antimycobacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (virulent strain h37rv) in vitro. some of the compounds exerted significant inhibition, in particular, compound 4f found to be the most potent derivative exhibiting mic=3.13 μg/ml. | 2013 | 23357635 |
| antimycobacterial activity evaluation, time-kill kinetic and 3d-qsar study of c-(3-aminomethyl-cyclohexyl)-methylamine derivatives. | a series of c-(3-aminomethyl-cyclohexyl)-methylamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antitubercular activity. some of the compounds exhibited potent activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. one of the compound having t-butyl at para position of the benzene ring showed excellent activity even better than the standard drug ethambutol with mic value 1.1 ± 0.2 μm. the time-kill kinetics study of two most active compounds showed rapid killing of the m. tuberculosis with ... | 2013 | 23357633 |
| in vivo/in vitro pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of spray-dried poly-(dl-lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles encapsulating rifampicin and isoniazid. | poly-(dl-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (plga) nanoparticles were prepared by a double emulsion solvent evaporation spray-drying technique and coated with polyethylene glycol (peg 1% v/v). the plga nanoparticles had a small size (229±7.6 to 382±23.9nm), uniform size distribution and positive zeta potential (+12.45±4.53mv). in vitro/in vivo assays were performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (pk) and pharmacodynamic (pd) performance of these nanoparticles following nanoencapsulation of the anti-tuber ... | 2013 | 23357255 |
| apoptosis-associated biomarkers in tuberculosis: promising for diagnosis and prognosis prediction. | apoptosis-associated biomarkers are rarely studied, especially their role in predicting the development of tuberculosis (tb) from latent tb infection and in prognostication. | 2013 | 23356448 |
| phage lysin to control the overgrowth of normal flora in processed sputum samples for the rapid and sensitive detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis by luciferase reporter phage assay. | phage lysin, extracted from three bacteriophages was used in place of antibiotics to control the overgrowth of normal flora in processed sputum samples leading to the sensitive detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis using diagnostic luciferase reporter phage assay (dlrpa). | 2013 | 23356428 |
| global transcriptional profiling of longitudinal clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibiting rapid accumulation of drug resistance. | the identification of multidrug resistant (mdr), extensively and totally drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), in vulnerable sites such as mumbai, is a grave threat to the control of tuberculosis. the current study aimed at explaining the rapid expression of mdr in directly observed treatment short course (dots) compliant patients, represents the first study comparing global transcriptional profiles of 3 pairs of clinical mtb isolates, collected longitudinally at initiation and comple ... | 2013 | 23355892 |
| low cost tuberculosis vaccine antigens in capsules: expression in chloroplasts, bio-encapsulation, stability and functional evaluation in vitro. | tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the leading fatal infectious diseases. the development of tb vaccines has been recognized as a major public health priority by the world health organization. in this study, three candidate antigens, esat-6 (6 kda early secretory antigenic target) and mtb72f (a fusion polyprotein from two tb antigens, mtb32 and mtb39) fused with cholera toxin b-subunit (ctb) and lipy (a cell wall protein) were expressed in tobacco and/or lettuce chl ... | 2013 | 23355891 |
| recognition of the mycobacterial cord factor by mincle: relevance for granuloma formation and resistance to tuberculosis. | the world's most successful intracellular bacterial pathogen, mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), survives inside macrophages by blocking phagosome maturation and establishes chronic infection characterized by the formation of granulomas. trehalose-6,6-dimycolate (tdm), the mycobacterial cord factor, is the most abundant cell wall lipid of virulent mycobacteria, is sufficient to cause granuloma formation, and has long been known to be a major virulence factor of mtb. recently, tdm has been shown t ... | 2013 | 23355839 |
| two genetically-related multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains induce divergent outcomes of infection in two human macrophage models. | mycobacterium tuberculosis has a considerable degree of genetic variability resulting in different epidemiology and disease outcomes. we evaluated the pathogen-host cell interaction of two genetically closely-related multidrug-resistant m. tuberculosis strains of the haarlem family, namely the strain m, responsible for an extensive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis outbreak, and its kin strain 410 which caused a single case in two decades. intracellular growth and cytokine responses were evaluate ... | 2013 | 23352891 |
| a facile three-component [3+2]-cycloaddition for the regioselective synthesis of highly functionalised dispiropyrrolidines acting as antimycobacterial agents. | a series of fourteen dispiropyrrolidines were synthesized using [3+2]-cycloaddition reactions and were screened for their antimycobacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h(37)rv in hts (high throughput screen). most of the compounds showed moderate to good activity with mic of less than 20 μm. compound 4'-(4-bromophenyl)-1'-methyldispiro[acenaphthylene-1,2'-pyrrolidine-3',2″-indane]-2,1″(1h)-dione (4c) was found to be the most active with mic of 12.50 μm. | 2013 | 23352268 |
| identification of widespread adenosine nucleotide binding in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | computational prediction of protein function is frequently error-prone and incomplete. in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), ~25% of all genes have no predicted function and are annotated as hypothetical proteins, severely limiting our understanding of mtb pathogenicity. here, we utilize a high-throughput quantitative activity-based protein profiling (abpp) platform to probe, annotate, and validate atp-binding proteins in mtb. we experimentally validate prior in silico predictions of >240 protein ... | 2013 | 23352146 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of propargyl acetate derivatives as anti-mycobacterial agents. | | 2012 | 23351675 |
| a snapshot of genetic lineages of mycobacterium tuberculosis in ireland over a two-year period, 2010 and 2011. | mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem repeat typing alone was used to investigate the genetic lineages among 361 mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in ireland over a two-year period, 2010 and 2011. the majority of isolates, 63% (229/361), belonged to lineage 4 (euro-american), while lineages 1 (indo-oceanic), 2 (east-asian) and 3 (east-african–indian) represented 12% of isolates each (42/361, 45/361, and 45/361, respectively). sub-lineages beijing (lineage ... | 2013 | 23351653 |
| [a case of miliary tuberculosis complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute respiratory distress syndrome successfully treated with recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin]. | a 67-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for persistent fever and dyspnea. chest x-ray revealed diffuse reticulonodular shadows and high-resolution computed tomography showed randomly distributed small nodules. examination of sputum and urine revealed acid-fast bacilli, which were later confirmed as mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitive to all drugs. laboratory tests revealed thrombocytopenia, an elevated concentration of fibrin degradation products, and severe hypoxemia. we therefore dia ... | 2012 | 23350518 |
| [a case of tuberculous peritonitis accompanied by lymphadenitis in a patient with liver cirrhosis in which lymph node biopsy was useful for establishing the diagnosis]. | a 62-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis developed ascites. she had been previously treated with a combination of interferon and ribavirin therapy. the ascites was bloody and of exudative nature. radiological examinations showed supraclavicular, axillar, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. biopsy of the axillar lymph node was performed because of suspected malignancy, and the results showed that the lymph node had granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis and langhans giant cells, suggestive ... | 2012 | 23350517 |
| [evaluation of tuberculosis transmission routes in an outbreak among young adults for developing an effective method for contact investigations]. | to evaluate the various transmission routes of tuberculosis in an outbreak among young adults in order to develop an effective method for contact investigations. | 2012 | 23350516 |
| docking studies on novel alkaloid tryptanthrin and its analogues against enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (inha) of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | isoniazid resistance is a serious threat in the battle against the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) and extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis (xdr-tb). isoniazid is an inhibitor of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (inha) of mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is an important and functional enzyme of the type ii fatty acid synthesis system and important therapeutic target. natural alkaloid tryptanthrin and its analogues have shown anti-tubercular activity against mdr-tb, ... | 2012 | 23350278 |
| rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis with truenat mtb: a near-care approach. | control of the global tuberculosis (tb) burden is hindered by the lack of a simple and effective diagnostic test that can be utilized in resource-limited settings. | 2013 | 23349670 |
| dried plasma spots in the diagnosis of tuberculosis: ip-10 release assay on filter paper. | interferon (ifn)-γ release assays (igras) are probably the most accurate tests for the detection of latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but igras are labour intensive and the transport of samples over longer distances is difficult. ifn-γ-induced protein (ip)-10 is expressed at 100-fold higher levels than ifn-γ, and ip-10 release assays have comparable performance to igras. the aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic potential of a novel ip-10 release assay based on dried plasma ... | 2013 | 23349445 |
| carbocyclic analogues of inosine-5'-monophosphate: synthesis and biological activity. | 9-(4'-phosphonomethoxy-2'-cyclopenten-1'-yl)hypoxanthine and 9-(4'-phosphonomethoxy-2',3'-dihydroxycyclopenten-1'-yl)hypoxanthine were synthesized as isosteric carbocyclic analogues of inosine-5'-monophosphate. the synthesized compounds were shown to be capable of inhibiting the activity of human type ii inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (impdh ii) (ic(50 )= 500 µm) and to have no significant effects on the growth ofmycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2012 | 23346382 |
| proteomic profiling of mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies nutrient-starvation-responsive toxin-antitoxin systems. | in order to successfully enter the latent stage, mycobacterium tuberculosis must adapt to conditions such as nutrient limitation and hypoxia. in vitro models that mimic latent infection are valuable tools for describing the changes in metabolism that occur when the bacterium exists in a non-growing form. we used two complementary proteomic approaches, label-free lc-ms/ms analysis and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, to determine the proteome profile of extracellular proteins from ... | 2013 | 23345537 |
| short-term storage does not affect the quantitative yield of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum in early-bactericidal-activity studies. | early-bactericidal-activity (eba) studies measure the change in mycobacterial load in sputum over time to evaluate antituberculosis drugs. we investigated whether a delay in sputum processing influences the quantitative results of sputum mycobacterial culture. we identified pretreatment smear-positive sputum samples collected overnight and processed at a single laboratory. sputum volume, time from sputum collection to processing, cfu counts/ml of sputum, and time to culture positivity (ttp) data ... | 2013 | 23345289 |
| comparative genomic insights into the biosynthesis and regulation of mycobacterial siderophores. | iron is essential for nearly all biological events. siderophores are indispensable for most organisms to obtain iron from iron-limiting milieus. this holds particularly true for pathogens such as the causative agent of tuberculosis - mycobacterium tuberculosis. the categories of mycobacterial siderophores, their biosynthesis and regulation are summarized here. the siderophore biosynthesis and regulation differences between the pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria are highlighted from compa ... | 2013 | 23343601 |
| equivalence of acid alone or acid-alcohol as decolourizing agent in ziehl-neelsen method. | microscopists opine that acid-alcohol decolourized slides may enhance acid-fast bacilli (afb) smear positivity, and published documents on equivalence of acid and acid-alcohol in zn staining method are not easily accessible. | 2012 | 23342542 |
| structural insights on mycobacterium tuberculosis thiazole synthase--a molecular dynamics/docking approach. | tuberculosis (tb), an epidemic disease, affects the world with death rate of two million people every year. the bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis was found to be a more potent and disease-prolonged bacterium among the world due to multi-drug resistance. emergence of new drug targets is needed to overcome the bacterial resistance that leads to control epidemic tuberculosis. the pathway thiamine biosynthesis was targeting m. tuberculosis due to its role in intracellular growth of the bacterium. ... | 2013 | 23340867 |
| killer cell lectin-like receptor g1 deficiency significantly enhances survival after mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | the expression of t cell differentiation markers is known to increase during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and yet the biological role of such markers remains unclear. we examined the requirement of the t cell differentiation marker killer cell lectin-like receptor g1 (klrg1) during m. tuberculosis infection using mice deficient in klrg1. klrg1(-/-) mice had a significant survival extension after m. tuberculosis infection compared to wild-type controls, and maintained a significantly low ... | 2013 | 23340310 |
| first reported case of fatal tuberculosis in a wild african elephant with past human-wildlife contact. | tuberculosis is emerging/re-emerging in captive elephant populations, where it causes morbidity and deaths, although no case of tb in wild african elephants has been reported. in this paper we report the first case of fatal tb in an african elephant in the wild. the infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed by post-mortem and histological examinations of a female sub-adult elephant aged >12 years that died in tsavo east national park, kenya, while under treatment. this case is uniq ... | 2013 | 23340041 |
| pearls and oy-sters: tuberculous meningitis: not a diagnosis of exclusion. | a 21-year-old man presented to his local emergency department with 5 days of headache, which was dull, occipital, bilateral, nonthrobbing, and progressively worsening. it was associated with mild fever, photophobia, and neck pain and stiffness. he had no history of headache, chronic illness, recent vaccinations, cutaneous rash, cough, diarrhea, arthralgia, or myalgia. he was from ecuador and had been living in the united states for less than 1 year. he had been incarcerated while in ecuador. sub ... | 2013 | 23339213 |
| disseminated mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog. | an uncommon disseminated mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is described in a 12-year-old female dog presenting with fever, dyspnea, cough, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, melena, epistaxis, and emesis. the dog had a history of close contact with its owner, who died of pulmonary tuberculosis. radiographic examination revealed diffuse radio-opaque images in both lung lobes, diffuse visible masses in abdominal organs, and hilar and mesenteric lymphadenopathy. bronchial washing samples and feces we ... | 2013 | 23339199 |
| zanthoxylum capense constituents with antimycobacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and ex vivo within human macrophages. | zanthoxylum capense thunb. (rutaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in mozambique to treat tuberculosis. | 2013 | 23337743 |
| thyroid tuberculosis with abnormal thyroid function--case report and review of the literature. | to report an extremely rare case of thyroid tuberculosis (tt) with abnormal thyroid function and to review the related literature. | 2013 | 23337150 |
| spoligotyping of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in amhara region, ethiopia. | the aim of this study was to characterize mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates circulating in the amhara region of ethiopia. sputum samples were collected from new pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) patients in the region. genotyping of mycobacterial dna was performed by spoligotyping and isolates were assigned to families using the spoldb4 and the model-based program 'spotclust'. a high level of diversity was found among the 237 isolates. sixty-five different spoligopatterns were obtained. the t (30.8% ... | 2013 | 23336257 |
| reduced drug uptake in phenotypically resistant nutrient-starved nonreplicating mycobacterium tuberculosis. | during active tuberculosis a spectrum of physiologically different mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli reside in human tissues. subpopulations of the pathogen survive antibiotic treatment for a prolonged time in a dormant state of phenotypic drug resistance, a phenomenon independent of genetic mutations. here, we used an established culture model of nutrient deprivation to shift down m. tuberculosis from growth to nonreplicating survival, which is characterized by a drastic loss of drug susceptib ... | 2013 | 23335744 |
| involvement of efflux pumps in the resistance to peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitors in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | we evaluated the contributions of mycobacterium tuberculosis efflux pumps towards intrinsic resistance to different classes of peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitors (psi). our study indicates that the efflux pump knockout strains are more susceptible to psi than the wild type. vancomycin and ceftriaxone exhibited up to 3 log increased kill on efflux pump mutants compared to the wild-type strain, strongly suggesting an important role for efflux pumps in the intrinsic resistance of m. tuberculosis to ... | 2013 | 23335736 |
| clinical and pathological characteristics of mycobacterial tenosynovitis and arthritis. | to investigate the clinical characteristics and pathological features of patients with mycobacterial tenosynovitis and arthritis. | 2013 | 23335268 |
| anti-mycobacterial activity of plumericin and isoplumericin against mdr mycobacterium tuberculosis. | because of the developing resistance of mycobacterium species against currently available anti-mycobacterial drugs, there is an urgent need for new drug development. in this study, we have evaluated the in vitro anti-mycobacterial activity of plumeria bicolor extract and its phytoconstituents - plumericin and isoplumericin against multi-drug resistance mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2013 | 23333815 |
| genetic diversity among multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in mexico. | tuberculosis is an important public health problem in mexico. however, limited information about the genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in the country is available. in this work, 109 multidrug-resistant (mdr) m. tuberculosis isolates collected in 23 different states of mexico in 2003 were retrospectively characterized by spoligotyping and miru-vntrs. all isolates, except for a single cluster containing two strains (subcluster e1), were split when information from ... | 2013 | 23333775 |
| vitamin d accelerates clinical recovery from tuberculosis: results of the succinct study [supplementary cholecalciferol in recovery from tuberculosis]. a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of vitamin d supplementation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis'. | vitamin d enhances host protective immune responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis by suppressing interferon-gamma (ifn-g) and reducing disease associated inflammation in the host. the objectives of this study were to determine whether vitamin d supplementation to patients with tuberculosis (tb) could influence recovery. | 2013 | 23331510 |
| molecular genetics of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to aminoglycosides and cyclic peptide capreomycin antibiotics in korea. | aminoglycosides are key drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. a total of 97 extensively drug-resistant (xdr) and 29 pan-susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from korean tuberculosis patients were analyzed to characterize mutations within the rrs, rpsl, gidb, eis and tlya genes. thirty (56.6 %) of the 53 streptomycin (str)-resistant strains had a rpsl mutation and eight strains (15.1 %) had a rrs (514 or 908 site) mutation, whereas 11 (20.8 %) of the 53 str-resis ... | 2013 | 23329063 |
| [identification and evaluation of a new nucleic acid amplification test target for specific detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex]. | to identify and evaluate a new nucleic acid amplification (naa) test target for specific detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) complex (mtc). | 2012 | 23328181 |
| structural insights into the dual strategy of recognition by peptidoglycan recognition protein, pgrp-s: structure of the ternary complex of pgrp-s with lipopolysaccharide and stearic acid. | peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are part of the innate immune system. the 19 kda short pgrp (pgrp-s) is one of the four mammalian pgrps. the concentration of pgrp-s in camel (cpgrp-s) has been shown to increase considerably during mastitis. the structure of cpgrp-s consists of four protein molecules designated as a, b, c and d forming stable intermolecular contacts, a-b and c-d. the a-b and c-d interfaces are located on the opposite sides of the same monomer leading to the the formati ... | 2013 | 23326499 |
| glucose phosphorylation is required for mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in mice. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is thought to preferentially rely on fatty acid metabolism to both establish and maintain chronic infections. its metabolic network, however, allows efficient co-catabolism of multiple carbon substrates. to gain insight into the importance of carbohydrate substrates for mtb pathogenesis we evaluated the role of glucose phosphorylation, the first reaction in glycolysis. we discovered that mtb expresses two functional glucokinases. mtb required the polyphosphate gl ... | 2013 | 23326232 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis of the rdrio genotype is the predominant cause of tuberculosis and associated with multidrug resistance in porto alegre city, south brazil. | spoligotyping has shown mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to be composed of different lineages, and some of them are not just geographically restricted but also affect specific ethnic populations and are associated with outbreaks and drug resistance. we recently described a particular subtype within the latin american-mediterranean (lam) family, called rd(rio), widespread in brazil. moreover, recent data also indicate that rd(rio) is present in many countries on all continents and is associated ... | 2013 | 23325819 |
| rapid genotypic detection of rpob and katg gene mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from northern india as determined by mas-pcr. | there is a growing need to develop rapid laboratory research methods to counter the menace of drug resistant tuberculosis (mdr-tb) cases worldwide especially in developing countries. the present study was undertaken to investigate the type and frequency of rpob and katg mutations in rifampicin (rif) and isoniazid (inh) resistant strains respectively of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) circulating in northern india and to explore the utility of multiplex-allele-specific (mas)-pcr assay for detect ... | 2013 | 23325741 |
| interruptions in supplies of second-line antituberculosis drugs--united states, 2005-2012. | second-line drugs (slds) are essential for treating multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (mdr tb* and xdr tb†). drug shortages, in which supplies of all clinically interchangeable versions of a given food and drug administration (fda)-regulated drug become inadequate to meet actual or projected user demand, have been well-documented in many areas of medicine; for several years, drug shortages in the united states have affected the availability of slds for treatment of ... | 2013 | 23325352 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing outbreak in a school in marseille, france, 2012. | between january and september 2012, a teacher and four students at a technical college in marseille, france, developed pulmonary tuberculosis. all mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from these cases were identical and belonged to the beijing strain family, multispacer sequence type 72, a rare genotype identified only once in our laboratory in the previous two years. this report highlights once more the potential for m. tuberculosis beijing strains to cause outbreaks, this time in a school setti ... | 2013 | 23324426 |
| diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis using a monoclonal antibody to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | to investigate the utility of immunohistochemical (ihc) staining with an antibody to mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) for the diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis (tb). | 2012 | 23322996 |
| the elusive "gold" standard for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | | 2013 | 23322793 |
| 19-vntr loci used in genotyping chinese clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains and in association with spoligotyping. | recently, tandem repeat typing has emerged as a rapid and easy method for the molecular epidemiology of the mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) complex. in this study, a collection of 19 vntrs incorporating 15 previously described loci and 4 newly evaluated markers were used to genotype 206 chinese m. tuberculosis isolates and 9 bcg strains. the discriminatory power was evaluated and compared with that obtained by spoligotyping. it turned out that 15-locus vntr could be very useful in m ... | 2013 | 23322548 |
| dressed not to kill: cd16+ monocytes impair immune defence against tuberculosis. | monocytes are blood leukocytes that can differentiate into several phagocytic cell types, including dcs, which are instrumental to the inflammatory response and host defence against microbes. a study published in this issue of the european journal of immunology by balboa et al. [eur. j. immunol. 2013. 43: 335-347] suggests that a shift of the cd16(-) monocyte population toward a cd16(+) subpopulation may represent an immune evasion strategy that ultimately favors persistence of mycobacterium tub ... | 2013 | 23322255 |
| epidemiology of recurrent tuberculosis in the united states, 1993-2010. | recurrent tuberculosis (tb) can result from reactivation of a previous tb episode or reinfection with a new mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. a retrospective analysis of all recurrent tb cases reported in the united states during 1993-2010 was conducted. the proportion of recurrent cases remained stable during the study period (annual range 4.2-5.7%). compared with persons without a previous diagnosis of tb, persons with recurrent tb experienced lower treatment completion within 12 months and h ... | 2013 | 23321472 |
| characterization of pnca gene mutations in pyrazinamide-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from mexico. | numerous studies have linked mutations in the pnca gene with resistance to pyrazinamide (z) in mycobacterium tuberculosis. however, variations in these mutations are specific to the country of origin of the isolate. the aim of this study was to characterize changes in pnca gene sequence in isolates of m. tuberculosis with resistance to z, from patients in mexico. m. tuberculosis isolates were recovered from individuals suspected of carrying drug resistant tuberculosis and respective susceptibili ... | 2013 | 23321280 |
| expression of m. tuberculosis-induced suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) 1, socs3, foxp3 and secretion of il-6 associates with differing clinical severity of tuberculosis. | appropriate immune activation of t cells and macrophages is central for the control of mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. ifn-γ stimulated responses are lowered in tuberculosis (tb), while expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) molecules - 1 and 3 and cd4+cd25+foxp3+t regulatory cells is increased. here we investigated the association of these molecules in regard to clinical severity of tb. | 2013 | 23320781 |
| levels of interferon-gamma increase after treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in a high-transmission setting. | objectives. we investigated ifn-γ levels before and after a six month course of isoniazid among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi) in a high-transmission setting. design. a total of 26 household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were positive for ltbi by tuberculin skin test completed six months of treatment and submitted a blood sample for a follow-up examination. the ifn-γ response to mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens was measured, and the results be ... | 2012 | 23320165 |
| high throughput phenotypic selection of mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants with impaired resistance to reactive oxygen species identifies genes important for intracellular growth. | mycobacterium tuberculosis has the remarkable capacity to survive within the hostile environment of the macrophage, and to resist potent antibacterial molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ros). thus, understanding mycobacterial resistance mechanisms against ros may contribute to the development of new anti-tuberculosis therapies. here we identified genes involved in such mechanisms by screening a high-density transposon mutant library, and we show that several of them are involved in the i ... | 2013 | 23320090 |
| unmodified gold nanoparticles for direct and rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | this work aims to develop rapid nano-gold assay prototypes for specific detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). | 2013 | 23318577 |
| direct and early detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance from sputum smears. | four district dots centres in sikkim, india. | 2013 | 23317964 |
| molecular characterisation of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from north india. | a tertiary care hospital in north india. | 2013 | 23317963 |
| spoligotyping of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in ethiopia. | st peter tuberculosis (tb) specialized hospital and the aklilu lemma institute of pathobiology, addis ababa, ethiopia. | 2013 | 23317962 |
| genotyping of clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates based on eight loci of miru-vntr. | genotyping that differentiates between strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis based on variations in the genome of the organism is a useful tool for molecular epidemiological studies of tuberculosis. in the present study, we identified a combination of five mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (miru) loci and three variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntr) loci of m. tuberculosis that showed a discriminatory power comparable to that of the 15 to 24 loci-based typing proposed for internation ... | 2013 | 23317961 |
| molybdenum cofactor: a key component of mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis? | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and other members of the mtb complex possess an expanded complement of genes for the biosynthesis of molybdenum cofactor (moco), a tricyclic pterin molecule that is covalently attached to molybdate. this cofactor allows the redox properties of molybdenum to be harnessed by enzymes in order to catalyze redox reactions in carbon, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism. in this article, we summarize recent advances in elucidating the moco biosynthetic pathway in mtb and hig ... | 2014 | 23317461 |
| enhanced ranking of pknb inhibitors using data fusion methods. | mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes 11 putative serine-threonine proteins kinases (stpk) which regulates transcription, cell development and interaction with the host cells. from the 11 stpks three kinases namely pkna, pknb and pkng have been related to the mycobacterial growth. from previous studies it has been observed that pknb is essential for mycobacterial growth and expressed during log phase of the growth and phosphorylates substrates involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. in recent years ... | 2013 | 23317154 |
| discovery of novel acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors as active agents against mycobacterium tuberculosis by virtual screening and bioassay. | acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) has been regarded as a promising drug target against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) as it catalyzes the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. in this study, 23 novel ahas inhibitors were identified through molecular docking followed by similarity search. the determined ic(50) values range from 0.385 ± 0.026 μm to >200 μm against bacterium ahas. five of the identified compounds show significant in vitro activity against h37rv strains (mics in the range of ... | 2013 | 23316686 |
| the 19 kda mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein (lpqh) induces macrophage apoptosis through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways: a role for the mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. | we describe the association of caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mechanisms in macrophage apoptosis induced by lpqh, a 19 kda mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein. lpqh triggered tlr2 activation, with upregulation of death receptors and ligands, which was followed by a death receptor signaling cascade with activation of initiator caspase 8 and executioner caspase 3. in this caspase-mediated phase, mitochondrial factors were involved in loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (δψm ... | 2012 | 23316255 |
| modification of proportion sensitivity testing method for ethionamide. | standardized methodology for drug susceptibility testing of second line drugs is vital for treatment of multi/extensively drug resistant tuberculosis. discrepancy between laboratory methods and clinical interpretation is well established for bacteriostatic drugs such as ethionamide. optimization of the standard proportion sensitivity testing (pst) method for ethionamide was under taken in 235 mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients. an ... | 2013 | 23315266 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis rsda provides a conformational rationale for selective regulation of σ-factor activity by proteolysis. | the relative levels of different σ factors dictate the expression profile of a bacterium. extracytoplasmic function σ factors synchronize the transcriptional profile with environmental conditions. the cellular concentration of free extracytoplasmic function σ factors is regulated by the localization of this protein in a σ/anti-σ complex. anti-σ factors are multi-domain proteins with a receptor to sense environmental stimuli and a conserved anti-σ domain (asd) that binds a σ factor. here we descr ... | 2013 | 23314154 |
| in vitro effect of three-drug combinations of antituberculous agents against multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. | multidrug resistance has become a problem in the management of tuberculosis, leading to an urgent need for research related to new regimens including the currently available drugs. the objectives of this study were: (i) to study the effect of the following second-choice three-drug combinations against multidrug-resistant (mdr) and drug-susceptible clinical isolates (levofloxacin, linezolid and ethambutol; levofloxacin, amikacin and ethambutol; and levofloxacin, linezolid and amikacin); and (ii) ... | 2013 | 23312604 |
| a novel multi-parameter scoring system for distinguishing sarcoidosis from sputum negative tuberculosis. | sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown cause, affecting multiple organs. tuberculosis is the world's second most common cause of death from infectious diseases. due to the similar clinical, radiological and histopathological pictures in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis has been considered as potential infectious factor. however, it remains difficult to distinguish sarcoidosis from tuberculosis, especially when sputum examinations for mycobacterium are negative ... | 2012 | 23311118 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis whole cell lysate enhances proliferation of cd8 positive lymphocytes and nitric oxide secretion in the lungs of live porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus vaccinated pigs. | porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (prrs) is an economically important disease of pigs worldwide. currently used prrsv vaccines provide incomplete protection. recently, we identified mycobacterium tuberculosis whole cell lysate (mtb wcl) as a potent mucosal adjuvant to modified live prrsv vaccine (prrs-mlv). in this study, pigs were unvaccinated or vaccinated with prrs-mlv plus mtb wcl, intranasally, and challenged with either homologous (strain vr2332) or virulent heterologous (strai ... | 2013 | 23308386 |
| human granuloma in vitro model, for tb dormancy and resuscitation. | tuberculosis (tb) is responsible for death of nearly two million people in the world annually. upon infection, mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) causes formation of granuloma where the pathogen goes into dormant state and can live for decades before resuscitation to develop active disease when the immune system of the host is weakened and/or suppressed. in an attempt to better understand host-pathogen interactions, several groups have been developing in vitro models of human tuberculosis granulom ... | 2013 | 23308269 |
| a novel b-cell epitope identified within mycobacterium tuberculosis cfp10/esat-6 protein. | the 10-kda culture filtrate protein (cfp10) and 6-kda early-secreted target antigen (esat-6) play important roles in mycobacterial virulence and pathogenesis through a 1:1 complex formation (cfp10/esat-6 protein, ce protein), which have been used in discriminating tb patients from bcg-vaccinated individuals. the b-cell epitopes of cfp10 and esat-6 separately have been analyzed before, however, the epitopes of the ce protein are unclear and the precise epitope in the positions 40 to 62 of esat-6 ... | 2013 | 23308124 |
| the granuloma in tuberculosis: dynamics of a host-pathogen collusion. | a granuloma is defined as an inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrate that, while capable of limiting growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis, also provides a survival niche from which the bacteria may disseminate. the tuberculosis lesion is highly dynamic and shaped by both, immune response elements and the pathogen. in the granuloma, m. tuberculosis switches to a non-replicating but energy-generating life style whose detailed molecular characterization can identify novel targets for chemotherapy. ... | 2012 | 23308075 |
| cough aerosols of mycobacterium tuberculosis predict new infection: a household contact study. | airborne transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis results from incompletely characterized host, bacterial, and environmental factors. sputum smear microscopy is associated with considerable variability in transmission. | 2013 | 23306539 |
| thiolactomycin-based β-ketoacyl-acpm synthase a (kasa) inhibitors: fragment-based inhibitor discovery using transient one-dimensional nuclear overhauser effect nmr spectroscopy. | thiolactomycin (tlm) is a natural product inhibitor of kasa, the β-ketoacyl synthase a from mycobacterium tuberculosis. to improve the affinity of tlm for kasa, a series of tlm analogs have been synthesized based on interligand noes between tlm and a pantetheine analog when both are bound simultaneously to the enzyme. kinetic binding data reveal that position 3 of the thiolactone ring is a suitable position for elaboration of the tlm scaffold, and the structure-activity relationship studies prov ... | 2013 | 23306195 |
| intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis exploits host-derived fatty acids to limit metabolic stress. | recent data indicate that the nutrients available to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) inside its host cell are restricted in their diversity. fatty acids and cholesterol appear more favored; however, their degradation can result in certain metabolic stresses. their breakdown can generate propionyl-coa, which gives rise to potentially toxic intermediates. detoxification of propionyl-coa relies on the activity of the methylcitrate cycle, the methylmalonyl pathway, or incorporation of the propionyl ... | 2013 | 23306194 |
| discovery and evaluation of novel inhibitors of mycobacterium protein tyrosine phosphatase b from the 6-hydroxy-benzofuran-5-carboxylic acid scaffold. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) protein tyrosine phosphatase b (mptpb) is a virulence factor secreted by the pathogen and mediates mycobacterial survival in macrophages by targeting host cell immune responses. consequently, mptpb represents an exciting new target to combat tuberculosis (tb) infection. we describe a medicinal chemistry oriented approach that transforms a benzofuran salicylic acid scaffold into a highly potent (ic(50) = 38 nm) and selective mptpb inhibitor (>50 fold against a lar ... | 2013 | 23305444 |
| current prospects of synthetic curcumin analogs and chalcone derivatives against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, is amongst the foremost infectious diseases. treatment of tuberculosis is a complex process due to various factors including a patient's inability to persevere with a combined treatment regimen, the difficulty in eradicating the infection in immune-suppressed patients, and multidrug resistance (mdr). extensive research circumscribing molecules to counteract this disease has led to the identification of many inhibitory small molecules. among the ... | 2013 | 23305394 |
| molecular-based mycobacterial identification in a clinical laboratory setting: a comparison of two methods. | many mycobacterial species are pathogenic to humans, with infection occurring worldwide. infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis is a well-described global phenomenon, but other mycobacterial species are increasingly shown to be the cause of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary infection and are managed differently from m. tuberculosis infection. rapid and accurate differentiation of mycobacterial species is, therefore, critical to guide timely and appropriate therapeutic and public health manage ... | 2012 | 23304792 |
| renal tuberculosis in the modern era. | tuberculosis (tb) is a disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. the disease remains as an important public health problem in developing countries. extrapulmonary tb became more common with the advent of infection with human immunodeficiency virus and by the increase in the number of organ transplantation, which also leads to immunosuppression of thousand of persons. urogenital tb represents 27% of extrapulmonary cases. renal involvement in tb can be part of a disseminated infection or a loc ... | 2013 | 23303798 |