| synthesis of a full-length infectious cdna clone of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus and its use in gene exchange experiments with structural proteins from other luteoviruses. | a full-length cdna of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (cabyv) has been constructed and expressed either as an in vitro transcript, under control of a bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase promoter, or in vivo, under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter in an agroinfection vector. the biological activity of the cloned cdna was demonstrated by the ability of its in vitro transcript to replicate in protoplasts and of the agroinfection vector to infect agroinoculated plants. virus in th ... | 1995 | 8525610 |
| oxidized ethyl linoleate induces mucosal hypertrophy of the large intestine and affects cecal fermentation of dietary fiber in rats. | oxidized ethyl linoleate (oel) was prepared by aeration at low temperature. peroxide value (pov, meq/kg lipid) of oel was 1400; the major oxidized compounds were 9-hydroperoxy-cis, trans- and 13-hydroperoxy-trans, cis-octadecadienoate. rats fed fiber-free or sugar-beet fiber (sbf, 100g/kg diet) diets were divided into three groups for each diet, and administered oel (high oel group), oel diluted with ethyl linoleate (low oel group, pov 700) and nonoxidized ethyl linoleate (el group) through gast ... | 1996 | 8613881 |
| beet soil-borne virus rna 3--a further example of the heterogeneity of the gene content of furovirus genomes and of triple gene block-carrying rnas. | the complete nucleotide sequence of rna 3 of the ahlum isolate of beet soil-borne virus (bsbv) was determined from cdnas obtained with immunocaptured virus particles and denatured preparations of dsrna. bsbv rna 3 is unique among the plant virus rnas studied so far in containing apparently only the coding sequences of a triple gene block (tgb). the derived amino acid sequences of the three putative tgb-encoded proteins showed the highest level of sequence similarities with those of the correspon ... | 1996 | 8614988 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of rna-5 of five isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and the identity of a deletion mutant. | the nucleotide sequences of rna-5 from two laboratory isolates (d-5 and d-6) and three field isolates (sh1, s43 and r83) of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) were determined. isolates d-5 and d-6, derived from a d field culture during mechanical inoculation, contained rna-5 of molecular size 1.4 kb and 1.0 kb, respectively. the sequences of d-5 sh1, s43 and r83 were found to be at least 98% identical and from 1342 to 1347 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(a) tail. each contained a ... | 1996 | 8627244 |
| production of feruloyl/rho-coumaroyl esterase activity by penicillium expansum, penicillium brevicompactum and aspergillus niger. | extracellular esterase production by penicillium expansum, penicillium brevicompactum and aspergillus niger was determined in both liquid and solid-state culture. methyl ferulate was used as the main carbon source in liquid culture whereas wheat bran and sugar beet pulp were used in solid-state culture. extracted enzyme for each fungus showed activity in the presence of onp butyrate, methyl ferulate, methyl coumarate and two 'natural' feruloylated carbohydrate esters. higher enzyme recoveries we ... | 1995 | 8557619 |
| hemicellulose does not affect iron bioavailability in chicks. | two iron repletion experiments using hemoglobin as a response criterion were conducted to assess effects of hemicelluloses on iron bioavailability to chicks. in experiment 1, iron bioavailability from intact fiber sources was determined by adding tomato pomace (14.6% hemicelluloses), soybean hulls (20.6% hemicelluloses), beet pulp (21.5% hemicelluloses), orchard grass (24.1% hemicelluloses) and corn fiber (55.2% hemicelluloses) to a casein dextrose basal diet providing 0.4-4.1% hemicelluloses to ... | 1996 | 8558316 |
| expression analysis of a sucrose synthase gene from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | to investigate the expression pattern of sucrose synthase, a cdna from tap roots of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) was isolated using a heterologous sucrose synthase cdna from potato. the 2762 bp long cdna clone designated sbss 1 encodes for a 822 amino acid polypeptide of a predicted molecular mass of 93.7 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence of sugar beet sucrose synthase has homologies of 65-70% when compared to predicted amino acid sequences of sucrose synthases from other species. rna blot a ... | 1996 | 8639746 |
| vip3a, a novel bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein with a wide spectrum of activities against lepidopteran insects. | a novel vegetative insecticidal gene, vip3a(a), whose gene product shows activity against lepidopteran insect larvae including black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon), fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda), beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua), tobacco budworm (heliothis virescens), and corn earworm (helicoverpa zea) has been isolated from bacillus thuringiensis strain ab88. vip3-insecticidal gene homologues have been detected in approximately 15% of bacillus strains analyzed. the sequence of the vip3a(b) ... | 1996 | 8643585 |
| purification and coat protein gene sequence of a montana rmv-like isolate of barley yellow dwarf virus. | a montana barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) isolate, bydv-rmv-mt, is serologically identical to the new york rmv type isolate (rmv-ny) but differs in aphid transmission phenotype. a purification procedure for bydv-rmv-mt was developed and cdnas encompassing the entire coat protein gene and a portion of the putative polymerase gene of both rmv-mt and rmv-ny were cloned and sequenced. diameters of rmv-mt virions averaged 24.7 nm. average virus yield was 4.2 mg/kg plant tissue. there was 81% sequenc ... | 1996 | 8645094 |
| in vitro fermentation of cellulose, beet pulp, citrus pulp, and citrus pectin using fecal inoculum from cats, dogs, horses, humans, and pigs and ruminal fluid from cattle. | we evaluated the influence of gastrointestinal tract microflora from several species on fiber fermentation characteristics in vitro. selected fibrous substrates (cellulose, beet pulp, citrus pulp, and citrus pectin) were incubated for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h with ruminal fluid from cattle or feces from dogs, cats, pigs, horses, or humans. when data were pooled across all substrates and fermentation times, om disappearance (29.4%) and acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acid (s ... | 1995 | 8655439 |
| high resolution analysis of the readthrough domain of beet necrotic yellow vein virus readthrough protein: a kter motif is important for efficient transmission of the virus by polymyxa betae. | the 5'-terminal cistron of beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus rna 2 encodes the 21 kda major viral coat protein and terminates with an amber stop codon which can undergo suppression to give rise to a 75 kda readthrough (rt) protein referred to as p75. p75 is a minor component of virions and the 54 kda rt domain following the coat protein sequence is important both for virus assembly and transmission by the fungal vector polymyxa betae. to better define the regions of the rt domain involved in t ... | 1996 | 8757975 |
| horseradish curly top virus is a distinct subgroup ii geminivirus species with rep and c4 genes derived from a subgroup iii ancestor. | the complete nucleotide sequence (3080 nt) of an infectious dna clone derived from the geminivirus horseradish curly top virus (hrctv) has been determined. the relationship of hrctv to other geminiviruses was examined using dot matrix plots of nucleotide sequence similarities, and by phylogeny of predicted amino acid sequences of individual orfs based upon parsimony or neighbour-joining methods. these analyses indicate that the v1 and v2 virion sense orfs of hrctv are most closely related to, ye ... | 1996 | 8757976 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding a new ribosome-inactivating protein from beta vulgaris vulgaris (mangold). | by means of a lambda zap ii cdna library constructed from seedings of beta vulgaris vulgaris and immunoscreening, a cdna clone containing a partial sequence of a new ribosome-inactivating protein (rip) was obtained. as confirmed by western blot analysis, this clone produced a rip upon induction with iptg. we called it betavulgin (bvg). the recombinant protein (re-bvg) was somewhat smaller than plant-derived rip (28 versus 30 and 32 kda), but showed the specific n-glycosidase activity on tobacco ... | 1996 | 8666251 |
| effects of fertilizer on insecticides adsorption and biodegradation in crop soils. | recent organic fertilizer treatments (cow manure, pig slurry, composts, or green manure) simultaneously increase insecticide adsorption onto soil and the insecticide soil persistence, indicating a mechanism of slow release of insecticide into soil by the organic matter. this occurred in sugar beet crops with aldicarb, thiofanox and imidacloprid; also, in leek, cauliflower and brussels sprouts crops with chlorpyrifos and chlorfenvinphos. in contrast, organic fertilizer treatments applied once or ... | 1996 | 8687996 |
| is1327, a new insertion-like element in the pathogenicity-associated plasmid of erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae. | the pathogenicity-associated plasmid (ppath) of erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae was previously shown to be exclusively present in pathogenic strains and to contain a gene cluster encoding phytohormone biosynthesis. sequence analysis of the dna region located downstream from the cytokinin biosynthetic gene (etz) revealed homology to insertion sequences (is) of the is6 family. southern blot analysis performed on plasmid dna of e. herbicola pv. gypsophilae revealed the presence of six copies of t ... | 1996 | 8820751 |
| chemoprevention of lung and skin cancer by beta vulgaris (beet) root extract. | the in vitro inhibitory effect of beta vulgaris (beet) root extract on epstein-barr virus early antigen (ebv-ea) induction using raji cells revealed a high order of activity compared to capsanthin, cranberry, red onion skin and short and long red bell peppers. an in vivo anti-tumor promoting activity evaluation against the mice skin and lung bioassays also revealed a significant tumor inhibitory effect. the combined findings suggest that beetroot ingestion can be one of the useful means to preve ... | 1996 | 8620443 |
| analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the treehopper-transmitted geminivirus, tomato pseudo-curly top virus, suggests a recombinant origin. | the genome of tomato pseudo-curly top virus (tpctv), originating from florida, has been cloned and sequenced. tpctv is the only geminivirus identified with a vector specificity which falls outside the cicadellidae (leafhoppers) and aleyrodidae (whiteflies). infectivity of the cloned viral genome was demonstrated by agrobacterium-mediated inoculation of several host species. progeny virus was transmissible by the treehopper vector of tpctv, micrutalis malleifera (fowler). the genome of tpctv show ... | 1996 | 8638404 |
| major fruit and vegetable contributors to the main serum carotenoids in the spanish diet. | to identify the main sources of serum carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene) among the fruits and vegetables in the spanish diet, to be used in the design of food questionnaires and to provide useful information for epidemiological and comparative studies. | 1996 | 8730612 |
| molecular cloning, immunochemical localization to the vacuole, and expression in transgenic yeast and tobacco of a putative sugar transporter from sugar beet. | several plant genes have been cloned that encode members of the sugar transporter subgroup of the major facilitator superfamily of transporters. here we report the cloning, expression, and membrane localization of one of these porters found in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). this clone, cdna-1, codes for a protein with 490 amino acids and an estimated molecular mass of 54 kd. the predicted membrane topology and sequence homology suggest that cdna-1 is a member of the sugar transporter family. rna ... | 1996 | 8742332 |
| structure and expression of mitochondrial citrate synthases from higher plants. | mitochondrial citrate synthase (ec 4.1.3.7) represents the first enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, catalyzing the condensation of acetyl-coa and oxaloacetate, finally yielding citrate and coa. we report here the isolation of cdna clones encoding citrate synthase from nicotiana tabacum, beta vulgaris and populus. nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were compared with previously published sequences of mitochondrial citrate synthases from arabidopsis thaliana and potato, as well as wi ... | 1996 | 8979399 |
| expression of single-chain antibody fragments (scfv) specific for beet necrotic yellow vein virus coat protein or 25 kda protein in escherichia coli and nicotiana benthamiana. | the coding sequences for the variable regions of heavy and light chains of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) coat protein (cp) or the 25 kda nonstructural protein (p25) were cloned into the pcock vector and expressed as single-chain antibody fragments (scfv) in escherichia coli. for expression in higher plants the scfv were targeted either to the secretory pathway by including the sequences encoding the pectate lyase b (pelb) or the phytohemagglutinin (pha) ... | 1996 | 8980548 |
| [sugar beet pollen allergy as a rare occupational disease]. | although there are a few isolated reports in the literature suggesting that sugar beet pollen is highly antigenic, hypersensitivity to components of sugar beet is not a common disease. we report a 29-year-old man with a history of atopic dermatitis who developed both contact dermatitis and allergic rhinitis from sugar beet pollen through his job in a seed nursery. | 1996 | 8767663 |
| the lactational responses of dairy cows to amount of feed and to the source of carbohydrate energy. | an experiment was designed to test whether responses to variation in plane of nutrition conformed to a linear model or to a diminishing response curve model and to examine the influence of type of energy-yielding nutrient used in the ration on the response. lactating friesian cows (n = 18; mean, 126 dim) were used in a latin square experiment with three 4-wk periods. diets consisted of hay and concentrates 40:60 (wt/wt, dm basis). the concentrates were based on grain, sugar beet pulp, or an equa ... | 1995 | 8786258 |
| new antifungal proteins from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) showing homology to non-specific lipid transfer proteins. | two novel, nearly identical antifungal proteins, iwf1 and iwf2, were isolated from the intercellular washing fluid (iwf) of sugar beet leaves. the proteins were purified to homogeneity and their amino acid sequences were determined. they are basic, monomeric proteins of 91 amino acid residues, 89 of which are identical. both proteins show strong in vitro antifungal activity against cercospora beticola, the casual agent of leaf spot disease in sugar beet. based on primary sequence homology, inclu ... | 1996 | 8790287 |
| the effects of physical form of feed, carbohydrate source, and inclusion of sodium bicarbonate on the diet selections of sheep. | we proposed an hypothesis that ruminants attempt to select a diet that promotes high levels of feed intake by maintaining optimal ruminal conditions. three tests of the hypothesis considered whether the diet selection of sheep given either a choice of two high energy density (ed) feeds or a choice between a high and a low ed feed is affected by 1) sodium bicarbonate inclusion (nahco3; 1, 2, and 4% [wt/wt]) in the high [ed] feed); 2) dietary carbohydrate source (barley-based, b and sugar beet/ ba ... | 1996 | 8791195 |
| purification and characterization of a 43-kda rotenone-insensitive nadh dehydrogenase from plant mitochondria. | a 43-kda nad(p)h dehydrogenase was purified from red beetroot mitochondria. an antibody against this dehydrogenase was used in conjunction with the membrane-impermeable protein cross-linker 3,3'-dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidylpropionate) to localize the dehydrogenase on the matrix side of the inner membrane. immunoblotting showed that the dehydrogenase was found in mitochondria isolated from several plant species but not from rat livers. antibodies against the purified dehydrogenase partially inhibi ... | 1996 | 8798503 |
| medicinal foodstuff. iii. sugar beet. (1): hypoglycemic oleanolic acid oligoglycosides, betavulgarosides i, ii, iii, and iv, from the root of beta vulgaris l. (chenopodiaceae). | betavulgarosides i, ii, iii, and iv, oleanolic acid oligoglycosides having an unique acidic substituent, were isolated from the root of beta vulgaris l. (sugar beet) together with betavulgarosides vi, vii, and viii. the chemical structures of betavulgarosides i, ii, iii, iv were identified from chemical and physicochemical evidence. betavulgarosides ii, iii, and iv were found to exhibit hypoglycemic activity in an oral glucose tolerance test in rats. | 1996 | 8814952 |
| nutrient digestion by ileal cannulated dogs as affected by dietary fibers with various fermentation characteristics. | we studied the effects of dietary fibers with various fermentation characteristics on nutrient digestion at the distal ileum and in the total tract of dogs. the following high-protein (34%), high-fat (23%) diets were fed: 1) a control treatment (con) with 0% supplemental fiber; 2) beet pulp (bp), 7.5%; 3) low-cellulose mixture (lcm), 2.5% cellulose + 5.0% pectin; 4) high-cellulose mixture (hcm), 5.0% cellulose + 2.5% pectin; or 5) solka floc (sf), 7.5% cellulose. nutrient intakes by fiber-supple ... | 1996 | 8818810 |
| genome analysis of the 3'-terminal part of the little cherry disease associated dsrna reveals a monopartite clostero-like virus. | the high molecular weight dsrna associated with little cherry disease (lcd) was extracted from infected plant tissue and cloned as cdna. the sequence of the 3' 8337 nucleotides was determined. computer assisted translation of the sequence portion identified six open reading frames potentially encoding proteins (from 5' to 3') with molecular masses of 70 kda, 61 kda, 46 kda, 76 kda, 21 kda and 27 kda respectively. a 3'-terminal non-translated region of 210 nucleotides was present. the 70 kda prot ... | 1996 | 8856025 |
| improved delivery of biocontrol pseudomonas and their antifungal metabolites using alginate polymers. | alginate polymer was evaluated as a carrier for seed inoculation with a genetically modified strain pseudomonas fluorescens f113laczy, which protects sugar-beet against pythium-mediated damping-off. f113laczy survived in alginate beads at 5 log10 cfu/bead or higher counts for 8 weeks of storage, regardless of the conditions of incubation. in plant inoculation experiments, colonisation of the growing area of the root by f113laczy, derived from alginate beads placed in the soil next to the seed or ... | 1996 | 8867631 |
| energy metabolism in relation to physical activity in growing pigs as affected by type of dietary carbohydrate. | the effect of dietary carbohydrate source on physical activity in relation to metabolic rate in pigs was studied. six groups of 12 pigs (50-kg, castrated males) were fed one of two diets: a starch diet or a non-starch polysaccharide (nsp) diet. both diets had a similar calculated net energy content. the starch diet contained 13% tapioca, and the nsp diet contained 17% sugar beet pulp silage. pigs were housed in groups and fed at approximately two times maintenance (approximately 900 kj me.kg-.75 ... | 1996 | 8880425 |
| highly sensitive immunoassays for detection of barley stripe mosaic virus and beet necrotic yellow vein virus. | enzyme immunoassays based on the use of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were developed for the detection of the barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) and the beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv). assays employing conjugates of mabs to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were compared to systems with biotinylated mabs and streptavidin conjugated either to monomeric hrp or to hrp homopolymers with different polymerisation degrees including those of 20, 40 and 80. in the elisa with streptavidin-polymeric hrp ... | 1996 | 8882650 |
| nutritional implications of pectins in chicks in relation to esterification and origin of pectins. | an experiment was conducted to examine the effect of feeding high-methylated (hm) and low-methylated (lm) pectin on performance and physiological characteristics in broiler chicks. two levels each (1.5 and 3%) of hm citrus pectin (hmc), lm citrus pectin (lmc), or hm sugar beet pectin (hms) were added to a semi-purified basal diet. the experiment was conducted in battery brooders, and chicks received the diets as pellets from 6 to 27 d of age. the inclusion of lmc or hms in the diet had little or ... | 1996 | 8893300 |
| beet pseudo-yellows virus is an authentic closterovirus. | we have previously used rt-pcr to amplify a 251 base pair fragment diagnostic for beet pseudo-yellows virus (bpyv) infection from several bpyv infected samples from europe and the usa. this has now been shown by sequencing to represent a fragment of a heat shock protein (hsp)70 gene. sequence analysis of the fragment revealed that it is closely similar to the c-terminal sequence of the hsp70 homologue gene of lettuce infectious yellows virus, a definitive closterovirus, and also has obvious sequ ... | 1996 | 8972572 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the japanese isolate s of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna and comparison with european isolates. | the complete nucleotide sequences of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna-1 to rna-4 of the japanese isolate s (bnyvv-s) were determined and compared with those of french isolate (bnyvv-f2). the nucleotide sequences of the two isolates were very similar, differing by only 1.7% (rna-1), 4.1% (rna-2), 2.9% (rna-3) and 3.6% (rna-4), respectively. the differences of the amino acid sequences of the two isolates depended upon the open reading frames (orf) as follows: p237, 1.4%; p22 (coat protein), 2.1 ... | 1996 | 8973531 |
| influence of dietary factors on nitrogen partitioning and composition of urine and feces of fattening pigs. | an experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary factors on the partitioning of nitrogen excretion and on the ph and composition of urine and feces of fattening pigs. sixteen male hybrid pigs of 80 to 90 kg bw were allotted to one of four diets: based on grains, by-products, grains plus tapioca, or grains plus sugar beet pulp. diets were formulated to have similar contents of ne and cp and a similar lysine:ne ratio. diets differed in nonstarch polysaccharide content (nsp) and ... | 1997 | 9078486 |
| a synthetic cryic gene, encoding a bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin, confers spodoptera resistance in alfalfa and tobacco. | spodoptera species, representing widespread polyphagous insect pests, are resistant to bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins used thus far as insecticides in transgenic plants. here we describe the chemical synthesis of a cryic gene by a novel template directed ligation-pcr method. this simple and economical method to construct large synthetic genes can be used when routine resynthesis of genes is required. chemically phosphorylated adjacent oligonucleotides of the gene to be synthesized are a ... | 1996 | 8986755 |
| description of a novel plasmid replicative origin from a genetically distinct family of conjugative plasmids associated with phytosphere microflora. | a novel replicative origin (oriv) from a conjugative, mercury resistance plasmid (pqbr11, 304 kbp) has been cloned and sequenced. homology to the pqbr11 oriv-containing 3.55 kbp bamhi fragment (pcv1200) was restricted to one of five genetically distinct classes (group i) of narrow host range, mega-plasmids that persist as a genetic component of the pseudomonad community indigenous to the microflora of sugar beet. the oriv of pqbr11 was located within a unique sequence of 300 bp which initiated t ... | 1997 | 9103984 |
| comparison of the influence of dietary fibre sources with different proportions of soluble and insoluble fibre on ca, mg, fe, zn, mn and cu apparent absorption in rats. | the 6 week experiment was performed on growing wistar male rats. in the third and the sixth weeks digestibility trials were performed. the following high fibre preparations were supplemented to the control diet (c): high methoxylated citrus pectin (cr); apple pomace (a), potato fiber "povex" (p) and sugar beet pulp (b). fibre supplementation, except cr, significantly increased ca, mg, fe, mn, zn, cu excretion in faeces and decreased their apparent absorption in both trials. significant correlati ... | 1996 | 8988315 |
| production of gibberellic acid by aspergillus niger using some food industry wastes. | the production of gibberellic acid by aspergillus niger and the possibility of utilizing food industry waste and residues as the sources of carbon in media were investigated. media prepared from molasses, vinasse, whey, sugar-beet waste and fruit pomace were used and ga3 yields were found in concentrations 310, 273.14, 120, 73, 118.13 mg/l in such media, respectively. it was observed that food industry wastes can be used as cheap sources of carbon for gibberellic acid production by aspergillus n ... | 1996 | 9127484 |
| spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus deletion mutants generated in cell culture lack virulence in vivo. | the baculovirus spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (semnpv) has high potential for development as a bio-insecticide for control of the beet armyworm (s. exigua). it is highly infectious for s. exigua larvae and its host range is very narrow. a prerequisite for such application is the possibility of growing this virus in large quantities, e.g. in insect cell lines. it was observed, however, that polyhedra of semnpv plaque-purified in se-ucr1 cells did not cause larval mortality or ... | 1996 | 9000107 |
| characterization of a new antifungal chitin-binding peptide from sugar beet leaves. | the intercellular washing fluid (iwf) from leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) contains a number of proteins exhibiting in vitro antifungal activity against the devastating leaf pathogen cercospora beticola (sacc.). among these, a potent antifungal peptide, designated iwf4, was identified. the 30-amino-acid residue sequence of iwf4 is rich in cysteines (6) and glycines (7) and has a highly basic isoelectric point. iwf4 shows homology to the chitin-binding (hevein) domain of chitin-binding pr ... | 1997 | 9008390 |
| beet soil-borne virus rna 2: similarities and dissimilarities to the coat protein gene-carrying rnas of other furoviruses. | the complete sequence of the 3454 nt of rna 2 of the ahlum isolate of beet soil-borne furovirus (bsbv) has been determined starting with two short stretches of cloned cdna. unknown parts of the sequence were amplified by means of rt-pcr techniques using combinations of specific and random primers. bsbv rna 2 is more similar in its genetic organization to potato mop top virus (pmtv) rna 3 than to any other furoviral rna, although it is more than 1100 nt longer. its 3'-end, unlike that of pmtv rna ... | 1997 | 9018071 |
| immunodetection of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna3-encoded protein in different host plants and tissues. | the protein p25 open reading frame (orf) of beet necrotic yellow vein virus-bnyvv rna3 was cloned into bacterial expression vector downstream of the 5-'terminus part of beta-galactosidase orf and the expressed p25 fusion protein was used to produce an antiserum. the latter was employed to detect the subcellular location of p25 in mechanically inoculated tetragonia expansa, chenopodium quinoa and sugarbeet leaves by western blot assay. the results showed that p25 was present as a soluble protein ... | 1996 | 8886114 |
| [the mutagenic action of radioactive contaminants of feed and food products on strains ta98 and ta100 of salmonella typhimurium]. | radionuclide-polluted slices of beef (2775 bq/kg), pork (274.8 bq/kg), potato (159.0-444.0 bq/kg), carrot, garden beet, kidney bean and sorrel (44.5-460.0 bq/kg) have been studied for their mutagenic effect on the tester strains ta98 and ta100 of salmonella typhimurium and this index as a rule correlates with the level of the slices pollution. on the other hand the slices of cabbage and samples of rye and wheat (46.0-460.0 bq/kg) as well as fish (2314.0 bq/kg) had no mutagenic effect on these st ... | 1996 | 9044702 |
| [a new metabolite with fungistatic and bacteriostatic activity, produced by strain l-30 of flavobacterium sp]. | flavocin, an agent with fungistatic and bacteriostatic activities, was isolated from the culture of flavobacterium sp. l-30. the data on the physico-chemical and biological properties of flavocin a, the major active component, are presented. the component was identified with metabolites of the genus flavobacterium and other genera of nonsporulating bacteria. flavocin was highly efficient in the treatment of various farm crops. the antagonistic effect of flavocin was observed under field conditio ... | 1996 | 9054320 |
| [feed intake and performance of dairy cows during feeding of fodder beets supplementing grass silage]. | in a feeding experiment 3 x 12 dairy cows (german simmental x red holstein friesian) were used to investigate the influence of different amounts of fodder beets on feed intake, milk yield and milk composition. the fodder beets (variety kyros) were fed in exchange for concentrate. the amounts of fodder beets were either 22 kg cow-1 d-1 or 44 kg cow-1 d-1 or zero (control group). all groups received 4 kg hay cow-1 d-1, grass silage ad libitum, and concentrate corresponding to the milk yield. in or ... | 1996 | 9065309 |
| a novel subviral agent associated with a geminivirus: the first report of a dna satellite. | numerous plant rna viruses have associated with them satellite (sat) rnas that have little or no nucleotide sequence similarity to either the viral or host genomes but are completely dependent on the helper virus for replication. we report here on the discovery of a 682-nt circular dna satellite associated with tomato leaf curl geminivirus (tlcv) infection in northern australia. this is the first demonstration that satellite molecules are not limited to rna viral systems. the dna satellite (tlcv ... | 1997 | 9192696 |
| the effect of replacing dietary beet pulp with wheat treated with sodium hydroxide, ground wheat, or ground corn in lactating cows. | this experiment examined the effect of complete diets composed of 60% grass silage and 40% concentrate based mainly on beet pulp, ground wheat, wheat treated with naoh, or ground corn on milk production and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows. milk production and fat yield were 19.8, 20.7, 20.1, and 21.2 kg/d and 0.71, 0.76, 0.72, and 0.78 kg/d, respectively (18 cows per treatment). cows fed the diet based on ground corn had higher milk production and fat yield, but lower milk protein concentrati ... | 1997 | 9098804 |
| single-chain fv fusion proteins suitable as coating and detecting reagents in a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a recombinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system, entirely based on antibody fragments, is described here as an attractive alternative to assays using polyclonal antisera or monoclonal antibodies. two expression vectors have been developed for cloning and production of single-chain fv (scfv) fusion proteins suitable as coating and detecting reagents, respectively, in a highly sensitive double antibody sandwich elisa. the coating reagent is produced from the vector pzip1, as a bival ... | 1997 | 9212874 |
| a new arabinofuranohydrolase from bifidobacterium adolescentis able to remove arabinosyl residues from double-substituted xylose units in arabinoxylan. | an arabinofuranohydrolase (axh-d3) was purified from a cell-free extract of bifidobacterium adolescentis dsm 20083. the enzyme had a molecular mass of approximately 100 kda as determined by gel filtration. it displayed maximum activity at ph 6 and 30 degrees c. using an arabinoxylan-derived oligosaccharide containing double-substituted xylopyranosyl residues established that the enzyme specifically released terminal arabinofuranosyl residues linked to c-3 of double-substituted xylopyranosyl resi ... | 1997 | 9114514 |
| effects of mutations in the beet western yellows virus readthrough protein on its expression and packaging and on virus accumulation, symptoms, and aphid transmission. | virions of beet western yellows luteovirus contain a major capsid protein (p22.5) and a minor readthrough protein (p74), produced by translational readthrough of the major capsid protein sequence into the neighboring open reading frame, which encodes the readthrough domain (rtd). the rtd contains determinants required for efficient virus accumulation in agroinfected plants and for aphid transmission. the c-terminal halves of the rtd are not well conserved among luteoviruses but the n-terminal ha ... | 1997 | 9143288 |
| potential nitrosamine formation and its prevention during biological denitrification of red beet juice. | high nitrate intake has been shown to result in an increased risk of endogenous formation of n-nitroso compounds. certain vegetables and vegetable juices contain high concentrations of nitrate. biological denitrification using strains of paracoccus denitrificans (p.d.) has been proposed as effective means to reduce nitrate contents in such vegetable juices. during this bacterial denitrification process, substantial nitrite concentrations are transiently formed. this study investigated whether n- ... | 1997 | 9146735 |
| arabinanase a from pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa exhibits both an endo- and an exo- mode of action. | pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa expressed arabinanase activity when grown on media supplemented with arabinan or arabinose. arabinanase activity was not induced by the inclusion of other plant structural polysaccharides, and was repressed by the addition of glucose. the majority of the pseudomonas arabinanase activity was extracellular. screening of a genomic library of p. fluorescens subsp. cellulosa dna constructed in lambda zapii, for recombinants that hydrolysed red-dyed arabinan, i ... | 1997 | 9163351 |
| urinary excretion of 3-methyladenine after consumption of fish containing high levels of dimethylamine. | the urinary excretion of the dna alkylation product, 3-methyladenine (3-meade), was measured in human volunteers who were on controlled diets and consumed fresh fish, or frozen-stored fish that contained 50-fold higher levels of dimethylamine (dma), with or without ingested nitrate. dma potentially could react with nitrosating agents in the diet or within the body, and produce the potent carcinogen n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma), which can then react with dna to form several adducts including 3-m ... | 1997 | 9163693 |
| growth conditions of aspergillus sp. athum-3482 for polygalacturonase production. | a wild type of aspergillus sp. athum-3482 produced extracellular polygalacturonase when grown in liquid medium containing citrus pectin as sole carbon source. a number of factors affecting enzyme activity were investigated. polygalacturonase activities as high as 4.3 u ml-1 (reducing-group-releasing activity) and 17 u ml-1 (viscosity-diminishing activity) were obtained under optimum growth conditions. with sugar-beet as sole carbon source the respective activities were 6.5 u ml-1 and 40 u ml-1, ... | 1997 | 9163956 |
| the satellite rna of barley yellow dwarf virus-rpv is supported by beet western yellows virus in dicotyledonous protoplasts and plants. | the subgroup ii luteovirus barley yellow dwarf virus-rpv (bydv-rpv) acts as a helper virus for a satellite rna (satrpv rna). the subgroup ii luteovirus beet western yellows virus (bwyv) and the st9-associated rna (st9a rna), a bwyv-associated rna that encodes a polymerase similar to those of subgroup i luteoviruses, were assayed for their ability to support replication of satrpv rna. satrpv rna was replicated in tobacco protoplasts in the presence of bwyv rna or a mixture of bwyv plus the st9a r ... | 1997 | 9168880 |
| comparative analysis of the chromosomal and genomic organization of ty1-copia-like retrotransposons in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. | we have investigated the physical distribution of the reverse transcriptase genes of ty1-copia-like retrotransposable elements from 12 plant species belonging to different subdivisions by hybridization in situ on chromosome preparations. ty1-copia-like elements showed different and non-random hybridization patterns. a dispersed distribution throughout most of the chromosomes with reduced hybridization at some regions or with some weak clustering at other regions was found in allium cepa, beta vu ... | 1997 | 9037155 |
| the genome-linked protein of potato leafroll virus is located downstream of the putative protease domain of the orf1 product. | the sequence of the 32 n-terminal amino acids of the protein (vpg) which is covalently linked to the rna of potato leafroll virus has been determined. the obtained vpg sequence mapped to position 400 to 431 of the plrv orf1 product, downstream of the putative protease domain and in front of the rna-dependent rna polymerase. comparison with other viral sequences revealed significant similarities with the orf1 products of beet western yellows virus, cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus, and beet mil ... | 1997 | 9268161 |
| the impact of diets varying in carbohydrates resistant to endogenous enzymes and lignin on populations of ascaris suum and oesophagostomum dentatum in pigs. | the impact of diets varying in type and level of carbohydrates resistant to endogenous enzymes and lignin on the establishment and location of ascaris suum and oesophagostomum dentatum was investigated experimentally. fifty worm-free pigs, from a specific pathogen-free farm were used. the animals were assigned randomly to 5 diets and infected with 600 infective a. suum eggs and 6000 infective larvae of o. dentatum per pig. the diets consisted of a traditional ground barley plus protein feed (die ... | 1997 | 9172427 |
| cell wall analysis in aspergillus niger strains characterized by different tolerance to toxic compounds of beet molasses. | aspergillus niger strains, sensitive or resistant to toxic compounds of beet molasses, were the object of the present studies. between the studied strains differences existed in the cell wall dry mass and wall components content, chitin synthesis, activity of enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis, and in the wall ultrastructure. higher content of proteins and lipids but lower of glucan and chitin; less or lack of fibrillar components, thinner cell wall as well as lower level of glucanase and c ... | 1997 | 9271845 |
| influence of particle size on the effectiveness of beet pulp fiber. | sixteen holstein cows in midlactation were used in a design based on a replicated 4 x 4 latin square with the last period removed to determine the influence of particle size of beet pulp neutral detergent fiber (ndf) on its effectiveness as a replacement for alfalfa ndf. diets were a low forage, low fiber diet [12.1 g of alfalfa ndf/100 g of dry matter (dm)], a normal forage diet (low forage plus 7.8 g of additional alfalfa ndf/100 g of dm), and two low forage diets with 5.3 g of ndf/100 g of dm ... | 1997 | 9178130 |
| evidence for in vitro and in vivo autocatalytic processing of the primary translation product of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 1 by a papain-like proteinase. | beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 1 contains a single long orf corresponding to the theoretical translation product of 237 kda which contains the information necessary for replication of the viral genome. this orf contains a putative papain-like proteinase domain which has been localized, on the basis of sequence alignments, between the helicase and polymerase domains. here we show that the rna 1 primary translation product can be cleaved autocatalytically in vitro into two species of 150 kda ... | 1997 | 9191870 |
| genetic characterization of populations of a de novo arisen sugar beet pest, aubeonymus mariaefranciscae (coleoptera, curculionidae), by rapd analysis. | the weevil aubeonymus mariaefranciscae is an important pest of sugar beet crops in southern spain that was first described as a new species in 1979. we have studied the genetic variability of this insect by rapd analysis of 122 individuals using eight primers. the high resolution provided by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapds), in combination with efficient genetic distance estimators, allowed a very detailed description of the ecology and evolution of the populations of this insect in the ... | 1997 | 9211731 |
| identification of a bacterial pectin acetyl esterase in erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. | erwinia chrysanthemi causes soft-rot diseases of various plants by enzymatic degradation of the pectin in plant cell walls. the structural complexity of pectin requires the combined action of several pectinases for its efficient breakdown. three types of pectinases have so far been identified in e. chrysanthemi: two pectin methyl esterases (pema, pemb), a polygalacturonase (pehx), and eight pectate lyases (pela, pelb, pelc, peld, pele, pell, pelz, pelx). we report in this paper the analysis of a ... | 1997 | 9218776 |
| a nitrogen-free hypocaloric diet and recombinant human growth hormone stimulate postoperative protein synthesis: fasted and fed leucine kinetics in the surgical patient. | twelve otherwise healthy patients undergoing elective surgery for resection of rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma were randomly allocated to two groups: one group receiving intravenous dextrose 5% 600 to 800 kcal.d-1 (dx, n = 6) and the other group receiving the same amount of dextrose intravenously plus recombinant human growth hormone (dx + rgh, n = 6). supplementation with rgh started on the day of surgery and continued postoperatively for 5 days. no nitrogen was provided in the diet. this regimen w ... | 1997 | 9225834 |
| detection of alien chromatin conferring resistance to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.) in cultivated beet (beta vulgaris l.) using in situ hybridization. | chromatin originating from wild beets of the genus beta, section procumbentes, has been investigated in nematode-resistant hybrid-derived lines of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) by in situ hybridization using satellite, telomeric and ribosomal dna repeats, a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) and total genomic dna as probes. the allen chromosome was detected in three monosomic addition lines (2n = 18 + 1) by genomic in situ hybridization. fluorescence in situ hybridization with a genome-specific s ... | 1997 | 9246412 |
| characterization of a putative spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus helicase gene. | putative baculovirus helicases have been implicated as playing an important role in viral dna replication and host specificity. the spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (semnpv) helicase is therefore of interest since the virus only infects the beet army worm. sequence analysis of the semnpv lef5-p39 (mu 46.5-55.1) region, which is collinear with the 39k-lef5 area in autographa californica mnpv (acmnpv), revealed an open reading frame (orf) of 3666 bp potentially encoding a protein ... | 1997 | 9400958 |
| in vivo recombination between two strains of the genus nucleopolyhedrovirus in its natural host, spodoptera exigua. | the dna restriction map for the enzymes bamhi, bglii, psti, and xbai of semnpv-us (se-us), the best-studied nucleopolyhedrovirus strain isolated from spodoptera exigua in california, was used as a reference to construct that of semnpv-sp2 (se-sp2), a closely related spanish strain of the same virus. after coinfection of s. exigua with both the se-us and se-sp2 strains per os, a recombinant virus (semnpv-sur1 [se-sur1]) was detected after one passage which quickly replaced the parental viruses. a ... | 1997 | 9251191 |
| eukaryotic release factor 1 (erf1) abolishes readthrough and competes with suppressor trnas at all three termination codons in messenger rna. | it is known from experiments with bacteria and eukaryotic viruses that readthrough of termination codons located within the open reading frame (orf) of mrnas depends on the availability of suppressor trna(s) and the efficiency of termination in cells. consequently, the yield of readthrough products can be used as a measure of the activity of polypeptide chain release factor(s) (rf), key components of the translation termination machinery. readthrough of the uag codon located at the end of the or ... | 1997 | 9171074 |
| ecbi and ecbr: homologs of luxi and luxr affecting antibiotic and exoenzyme production by erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum. | erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum ecb168 causes vascular necrosis and root rot of sugar beet and produces an antibiotic(s) that is antagonistic against other erwinia spp. ecbi- mutants of ecb168, each containing a single transposon insertion in the ecbi gene (for erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum inducer), do not produce detectable levels of extracellular protease or antibiotic(s), and express less pectate lyase activity and virulence than the wild-type strain. a plasmid containing ... | 1997 | 9476353 |
| sugar beet fiber in formula diet reduces postprandial blood glucose, serum insulin and serum hydroxyproline. | the object of the study was to investigate the effects of sugar beet fiber in formula diet on blood glucose, serum insulin and serum hydroxyproline in humans. | 1998 | 9505164 |
| the n-terminal region of the luteovirus readthrough domain determines virus binding to buchnera groel and is essential for virus persistence in the aphid. | luteoviruses and the luteovirus-like pea enation mosaic virus (pemv; genus enamovirus) are transmitted by aphids in a circulative, nonreplicative manner. acquired virus particles persist for several weeks in the aphid hemolymph, in which a groel homolog, produced by the primary endosymbiont of the aphid, is abundantly present. six subgroup ii luteoviruses and pemv displayed a specific but differential affinity for escherichia coli groel and groel homologs isolated from the endosymbiotic bacteria ... | 1997 | 9311800 |
| [investigations in central hessia on the occurrence of estrogenic activity content of cattle feed]. | in 21 farms which requested consultation for reasons of infertility problems feed samples (grass silage, n = 20; cornsilage, n = 19; hay, n = 9; cereal mixture, n = 3, brewers grains, n = 5, ensiled sugar beet tops, n = 1) were drawn for assay of free (aglycon) and glycosidic (glycosid) bound oestrogen activity. following sample preparation and extraction, the oestrogenic activity was determined using a radioreceptorassay and only those samples leading to a 50% displacement of the 3h-estradiol-1 ... | 1997 | 9324454 |
| fiber digestion and weight gain in guinea pigs fed diets containing different fiber sources. | the effects of different fiber sources on feed intake, weight gain and digestibility of fiber were examined in guinea-pigs fed pelleted diets containing alfalfa meal, oaten hay, beet pulp and commercial hay cubes mixed with a basal diet at ratios of 3:1 (75% in the diet), 1:1 (50%) and 1:3 (25%). the basal diet contained 50.0% corn, 4.1% wheat, 22.1% wheat flour and 17.7% corn gluten meal. food intake increased as the amount of fiber source was increased, but not in the case of beet pulp. the mo ... | 1997 | 9353638 |
| rumen fermentation and nutrient flows for cows fed grass and grass supplemented with molassed beet pulp pellets. | an experiment was carried out to determine the effect of a grass diet and a concentrate supplement on rumen fermentation and nutrient flows to the duodenum. perennial ryegrass was cut and fed indoors to eight rumen- and duodenum-cannulated friesian cows with or without 3 kg/d of molassed beet pulp in a randomized design experiment. the dry matter intake of grass was significantly lower for cows fed the concentrate supplement (13.6 vs. 11.5 kg of dry matter/d), but total dry matter and organic ma ... | 1997 | 9361218 |
| evidence for signaling between the phytopathogenic fungus pythium ultimum and pseudomonas fluorescens f113: p. ultimum represses the expression of genes in p. fluorescens f113, resulting in altered ecological fitness. | there is increasing evidence that communication between members of the same species, as well as members of different species, is important for the survival of microorganisms in diverse ecological niches, such as the rhizosphere. to investigate whether the phytopathogen pythium ultimum could alter gene expression in the biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens f113, which protects the roots of sugar beet from the fungus, a screening system was developed to detect differential expression of bacte ... | 1997 | 9361412 |
| influence of a blend of fructo-oligosaccharides and sugar beet fiber on nutrient digestibility and plasma metabolite concentrations in healthy beagles. | to evaluate effects of a blend of fructo-oligosaccharides and sugar beet fiber (4:1) at 3 incorporation rates on nutrient digestibility and plasma glucose, insulin, alpha-aminonitrogen, urea, cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations measured weekly in nonfed dogs and during a 360-minute period after a meal. | 1997 | 9361885 |
| the faea genes from aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis encode ferulic acid esterases involved in degradation of complex cell wall polysaccharides. | we report the cloning and characterization of a gene encoding a ferulic acid esterase, faea, from aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis. the a. niger and a. tubingensis genes have a high degree of sequence identity and contain one conserved intron. the gene product, faea, was overexpressed in wild-type a. tubingensis and a protease-deficient a. niger mutant. overexpression of both genes in wild-type a. tubingensis and an a. niger protease-deficient mutant showed that the a. tubingensis g ... | 1997 | 9406381 |
| cutting, ageing and expression of plant membrane transporters. | the activity and the expression of sucrose, hexose and amino acid transporters were studied with fresh, cut or aged tissues and plasma membrane vesicles (pmv) of mature sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves. cutting and ageing both induced an increase of the transcripts coding for sucrose transporters and hexose transporters. no significant effect could be detected on the amino acid transporter transcripts with the probe used (aap1). a polyclonal serum directed against the arabidopsis thaliana su ... | 1997 | 9408174 |
| effect of spumol k on cell wall of aspergillus niger strains characterized by different tolerance to toxic compounds of beet molasses. | cell walls in the mycelium of aspergillus niger strains sensitive or resistant to toxic molasses compounds growing in the presence of spumol k were the object of the present studies. although the inhibitory effect of spumol k on the cell wall was noticed in studied mycelia the sensitive strains reacted more strongly. in sensitive strains in spumol k presence lower content of cell wall was accomplished by higher amount of proteins but lower of lipids as well as structural polymers i.e. of glucans ... | 1997 | 9429292 |
| detection and characterization of a distinct type of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 5 in a sugarbeet growing area in europe. | a fifth beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) rna species has been detected in europe in sugarbeet infected with p-type bnyvv. very little sequence variation was found between two european sources of this rna 5*, but considerable differences were detected between these two european sources on the one hand and the four japanese sources recently analysed by kiguchi et al. on the other. the bnyvv rna 5-encoded 26 k proteins share a stretch of six amino acids (frgpgn) with the bnyvv rna 3-encoded ... | 1997 | 9267459 |
| purification and properties of arfi, an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from cytophaga xylanolytica. | an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-l-arabinofuranoside arabinofuranohydrolase [ec 3.2.1.55]; referred to below as arfi) from cytophaga xylanolytica xm3 was purified 85-fold by anion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction column chromatography. the native enzyme had a pi of 6.1 and an apparent molecular mass of 160 to 210 kda, and it appeared to be a trimer or tetramer consisting of 56-kda subunits. with p-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranoside as the substrate, the enzyme exhibited a k(m) of 0.5 ... | 1998 | 9435061 |
| suppression of potyvirus infection by coexpressed closterovirus protein. | a tobacco etch virus (tev)-based expression vector has been used for insertion of several orfs derived from the unrelated beet yellows virus (byv). hybrid tev variants expressing the byv capsid protein, 20-kda protein, or hsp70 homolog systemically infected nicotiana tabacum and stably retained byv sequences. in contrast, insertion of the orf encoding byv leader proteinase (l-pro) resulted in severely impaired systemic transport and accumulation of recombinant tev. progeny of this virus underwen ... | 1997 | 9268155 |
| vascular movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus in beta macrocarpa is probably dependent on an rna 3 sequence domain rather than a gene product. | rnas 1 and 2 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) carry the functions enabling viral rna replication, cell-to-cell movement, virus assembly and vascular movement of the virus in the systemic host spinacea oleracea. in beta macrocarpa, on the other hand, bnyvv rna 3 is required for vascular movement. replication-competent rna 3 transcripts carrying various point mutations and deletions were coinnoculated with rnas 1 and 2 to young leaves of b. macrocarpa and the ability of the virus to mult ... | 1998 | 9472625 |
| investigation with chitosan-oxalate oxidase-catalase conjugate for degrading oxalate from hyperoxaluric rat chyme. | enteric hyperoxaluria manifests due to hyperabsorption of dietary oxalate, secondary to a variety of chronic gastrointestinal disorders. the potential use of chitosan immobilized oxalate oxidase-catalase conjugate to deplete the oxalate content of food materials, while they are in the digestive tract has been evaluated by treating rat stomach chyme with such an enzyme preparation. oxalate oxidase, obtained from beet stem, was adsorbed on chitosan along with catalase and then cross linked with gl ... | 1997 | 9491647 |
| effect of inclusion of sugar beet pulp, pelleting and season on laying hen performance. | 1. the effect of three metabolisable energy (me) concentrations 12.2, 11.3 and 10.5 mj me/kg and two forms of diet (mash and pellet) on egg production in summer and winter were studied. the different me values were obtained by diluting the 12.2 mj me/kg diet with sugar beet pulp of 2.88 mj/kg dm. in a 3rd summer experiment the water intake of hens on these diets was examined. data were analysed by factorial analysis of variance, and the relationship between performance and dietary energy concent ... | 1997 | 9510998 |
| the genomic organization of non-ltr retrotransposons (lines) from three beta species and five other angiosperms. | we have isolated and characterized conserved regions of the reverse transcriptase gene from non-ltr retrotransposons, also called long interspersed nuclear elements (lines), from beta vulgaris, b. lomatogona and b. nana. the novel elements show strong homology to other non-ltr retrotransposons from plants, man and animals. lines are present in all species of the genus beta tested, but there was variation in copy number. analysis by southern hybridization and fluorescent in situ hybridization rev ... | 1998 | 9520275 |
| fermentation products of sugar-beet fiber by cecal bacteria lower plasma cholesterol concentration in rats. | plasma cholesterol concentration is reduced by feeding some dietary fibers but the mechanism is not fully understood. we examined whether cecal fermentation products are involved in lowering plasma cholesterol by feeding rats a highly fermentable sugar-beet fiber (sbf) in four separate experiments. these were designed to investigate the effects on plasma cholesterol of oral ingestion of fermentation products on plasma cholesterol, the effects of the products in comparison with that of a short-ch ... | 1998 | 9521629 |
| the influence of sugar-beet fibre, guar gum and inulin on nutrient digestibility, water consumption and plasma metabolites in healthy beagle dogs. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of three fibres (sugar-beet fibre, guar gum and inulin) incorporated in the basal diet of healthy dogs at 7 per cent of dry matter (dm). parameters examined included stool output, water consumption, nutrient digestibility and fasting and postprandial plasma metabolites. all fibres increased wet faecal output; an increase in faecal dm output being observed with sugar-beet fibre only. sugar-beet fibre and inulin increased daily water consump ... | 1998 | 9625462 |
| transformation of acinetobacter sp. strain bd413 by transgenic sugar beet dna. | the ability of acinetobacter sp. strain bd413(pfg4 delta nptii) to take up and integrate transgenic plant dna based on homologous recombination was studied under optimized laboratory conditions. restoration of nptii, resulting in kanamycin-resistant transformants, was observed with plasmid dna, plant dna, and homogenates carrying the gene nptii. molecular analysis showed that some transformants not only restored the 317-bp deletion but also obtained additional dna. | 1998 | 9546192 |
| cell-to-cell movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus: i. heterologous complementation experiments provide evidence for specific interactions among the triple gene block proteins. | cell-to-cell movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) requires three proteins encoded by a triple gene block (tgb) on viral rna 2. a bnyvv rna 3-derived replicon was used to express movement proteins to functionally substitute for the bnyvv tgb proteins was tested by coinoculation of tgb-defective bnyvv with the various replicons to chenopodium quinoa. trans-heterocomplementation was successful with the movement protein (p30) of tobacco mosaic virus but not with the tubule-forming mov ... | 1998 | 9650295 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against cell wall epitopes of the insect pathogenic fungus, nomuraea rileyi: differential binding to fungal surfaces and cross-reactivity with host hemocytes and basement membrane components. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against epitopes on yeast-like hyphal bodies and hyphae of the entomopathogenic hyphomycete, nomuraea rileyi. two mabs (4c10, 2h4) bind to epitopes common to both hyphal bodies and hyphae, whereas mab 4e9 binds only to hyphal surfaces. 4c10 and 2h4 appear to be directed towards carbohydrate portions of cell surface mannoproteins, as evidenced by similarities in staining patterns between these mabs and concanavalin a on western blots of n. rileyi cell w ... | 1998 | 9548369 |
| characterization of galactosidases from aspergillus niger: purification of a novel alpha-galactosidase activity. | an enzyme with beta-galactosidase activity and three proteins exhibiting alpha-galactosidase activity were purified from a culture filtrate of aspergillus niger grown on arabinoxylan. beta-galactosidase, optimally active at ph 4 and 60-65 degrees c, was active against p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside, lactose, and pectic galactan. it was not able to release galactose from sugar beet pectin or lemon pectin. its action on pectic galactan was increased by the presence of beta-galactanase. the ... | 1998 | 9549105 |
| transfer rna mimicry in a new group of positive-strand rna plant viruses, the furoviruses: differential aminoacylation between the rna components of one genome. | recent sequencing of the genomes of several furoviruses--fungus-transmitted rod-shaped positive-strand plant viruses--has suggested the presence of trna-like structures (tlss) at the 3' ends of the genomic rnas. we show here that the genomic rnas of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv), beet soil-borne virus (bsbv), potato mop-top virus (pmtv), peanut clump virus (pcv), and indian peanut clump virus (ipcv) all possess functional tlss that are capable of high-efficiency valylation. while the sbw ... | 1998 | 9657004 |
| influence of dietary factors on the ph and ammonia emission of slurry from growing-finishing pigs. | we investigated the effects of dietary factors on the ph and the ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs. sixteen male hybrid pigs (80 to 90 kg bw) were allotted to one of four diets based on barley-wheat, tapioca, barley-tapioca, and sugar beet pulp. diets were formulated to have similar ne and cp contents and a similar lysine:ne ratio. diets differed in nonstarch polysaccharide content (nsp) and dietary electrolyte balance (deb). urine and feces were daily collected quantitative ... | 1998 | 9581936 |
| suppression of the number of aberrant crypt foci of rat colorectum by ingestion of sugar beet fiber regardless of administration of anti-asialo gm1. | anti-asialo gm1 serum (agm1) reduces natural killer (nk) activity in vitro and in vivo. we investigated the effect of ingestion of sugar beet fiber (sbf) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh)-induced aberrant crypt foci (acf) and whether the effect was maintained under nk-reducing conditions by agm1 injection. the ingestion of sbf decreased the number of acf in the colorectum at 4 weeks after treatment with dmh. dietary sbf had a suppressive effect on the formation of acf regardless of the administrati ... | 1997 | 9459172 |
| anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of some jordanian medicinal plant extracts. | the anti-nociceptive effect of ethanolic extract of 11 traditionally used jordanian plants was studied by using the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot-plate test in mice. the anti-inflammatory effect of these plants was determined by xylene-induced ear oedema in mice and cotton pellet granuloma test in rats. mentha piperita, cinnamomum zeylanicum, apium graveolens, eucalyptus camaldulentis, and ruta graveolens possess an anti-nociceptive effect against both acetic acid-induced writhing and hot ... | 1998 | 9582001 |
| nucleotide sequence and genome organization of grapevine leafroll-associated virus-2 are similar to beet yellows virus, the closterovirus type member. | the entire genome of grapevine leafroll-associated closterovirus-2 (glrav-2), except the exact 5' terminus, was cloned and sequenced. the sequence encompasses nine open reading frames (orfs) which include, in the 5' to 3' direction, an incomplete orf1a encoding a putative viral polyprotein and eight orfs that encode proteins of 52 kda (orf1b), 6 kda (orf2), 65 kda (orf3), 63 kda (orf4), 25 kda (orf5), 22 kda (orf6), 19 kda (orf7) and 24 kda (orf8) respectively, and 216 nucleotides of the 3' untr ... | 1998 | 9603345 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal two-thirds of the grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 genome reveals a typical monopartite closterovirus. | the rna genome of grapevine leafroll-associated closterovirus-3 (glrav-3) was cloned as a cdna generated from glrav-3-specific dsrna, and a partial genome sequence of 13154 nucleotides (nt) including the 3' terminus was determined. the sequenced portion contained 13 open reading frames (orfs) potentially encoding, in the 5'-3' direction, proteins of > 77 kda (orf1a; helicase, hel), 61 kda (orf1b; rna-dependent rna polymerase, rdrp), 6 kda (orf2), 5 kda (orf3, small transmembrane protein), 59 kda ... | 1998 | 9603346 |