| feeding-induced interactions between nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae): effects on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion. | using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement, this study investigated the effects of feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion of brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) compared with small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus). results showed that many measures of feeding behavior were affected by feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on two different rice varieties. there were significan ... | 2013 | 24331608 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of sogatella furcifera (horváth) and a comparative mitogenomic analysis of three predominant rice planthoppers. | the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera (horváth), is one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in many asian countries. using long-pcr and shotgun library methods, we sequenced the entire mitochondrial genomes (mt-genomes) of two wbph individuals. total lengths of the mt-genome of the two wbph individuals were 16,612 bp and 16,654 bp with an identical at content of 76.19%. among the 13 protein coding genes (pcgs), only nad5 used an atypical initiation codon gtg. most of t ... | 2014 | 24120898 |
| biochemical and molecular characterisation and cross-resistance in field and laboratory chlorpyrifos-resistant strains of laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) from eastern china. | laboratory selection is often employed in resistance mechanism studies because field-derived populations commonly do not have high enough resistance for such studies. in the present study, a field-collected laodelphax striatellus population from eastern china was laboratory selected for chlorpyrifos resistance and susceptibility, and the developed strains, along with a field population, were studied for cross-resistance and resistance mechanisms at biochemical and molecular levels. | 2014 | 24115461 |
| male killing caused by a spiroplasma symbiont in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | spiroplasma-mediated late male killing was found in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. female-biased colonies (maternal lines, n = 4) were established from planthoppers collected in taiwan and japan. this sex ratio distortion was maternally inherited (sex ratio of total number of progenies [female:male]: 488:0 in f1, 198:7 in f2, 407:0 in f3; likelihood ratio test of all generations, p < 0.0001) and caused by male death during nymphal stages. the female-biased colonies were dou ... | 2013 | 23975837 |
| high temperature determines the ups and downs of small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus population. | small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) numbers usually drop sharply in the summer and revive quickly in the autumn. however, it is unclear whether and how the high temperature plays a role in this process. the effects of durations of heat exposure (33°c) on life-history traits were examined here. exposure of adults for 1 day during the oviposition stage led to a very low survival of nymphs. the average longevity of l. striatellus exposed for 1-31 days from oviposition was signi ... | 2013 | 23955890 |
| various infection status and molecular evidence for horizontal transmission and recombination of wolbachia and cardinium among rice planthoppers and related species. | wolbachia and cardinium are widely distributed and are considered important for their ability to disturb reproduction and affect other fitness-related traits of their hosts. by using multilocus sequence typing (mlst), rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and 16s ribosomal dna gene sequencing methods, we extensively surveyed wolbachia and cardinium infection status of four predominant rice planthoppers and one kind of leafhopper in different rice fields. the results demonstrated that s ... | 2013 | 23955885 |
| the complete mitochondrial genomes of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus: conserved genome rearrangement in delphacidae and discovery of new characteristics of atp8 and trna genes. | nilaparvata lugens (the brown planthopper, bph) and laodelphax striatellus (the small brown planthopper, sbph) are two of the most important pests of rice. up to now, there was only one mitochondrial genome of rice planthopper has been sequenced and very few dependable information of mitochondria could be used for research on population genetics, phylogeographics and phylogenetic evolution of these pests. to get more valuable information from the mitochondria, we sequenced the complete mitochond ... | 2013 | 23799924 |
| development and preliminary application of a triplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for evaluating predation on three planthoppers in a rice ecosystem. | a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed to simultaneously detect the dna of three rice planthoppers, that is, sogatella furcifera (horváth) (white-backed planthopper), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (brown planthopper) and laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (small brown planthopper), in the gut of their predators. the sets of primers and allglo probes were targeted to the regions of internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) genes in nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna). ... | 2013 | 23711378 |
| identification and biochemical characterization of laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase. | ceramidases are a group of enzymes that catalyse hydrolysis of ceramides to generate fatty acid and sphingosine. in this study, we report the cloning and characterization of the rice small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase (ncdase), lsncer. lsncer was identified by sequencing the transcriptome of l. striatellus and is a protein of 717 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 79.3 kda. similarly to other known ncdases, the optimum ph for lsncer is 8.0 and the opt ... | 2013 | 23601004 |
| diversity of planthoppers associated with the winter rice agroecosystems in southern yunnan, china. | a field survey of the overwintering planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae) associated with the rice agroecosystems in southern yunnan was carried out during january-february in 2010 and 2011. 22 species of planthoppers were collected and identified, with one species representing the subfamily stenocraninae and the other 21 species in delphacinae. nycheuma cognatum (muir), peregrinus maidis (ashmead), and pseudosogata vatrenus (fennah) were new provincial records for yunnan. the pest species, soga ... | 2012 | 22958347 |
| competitive antagonism of insect gaba receptors by iminopyridazine derivatives of gaba. | a series of 4-(6-imino-3-aryl/heteroarylpyridazin-1-yl)butanoic acids were synthesized and examined for antagonism of gaba receptors from three insect species. when tested against small brown planthopper gaba receptors, the 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl and the 2-naphthyl analogues showed complete inhibition of gaba-induced fluorescence changes at 100 μm in assays using a membrane potential probe. against common cutworm gaba receptors, these analogues displayed approximately 86% and complete inhibiti ... | 2012 | 22925448 |
| morphology, distribution, and abundance of antennal sensilla of male and female macropterous and brachypterous small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the antennal sensilla of both genders of macropterous and brachypterous adults of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae) were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. scanning electron microscopy revealed seven types of antennal sensilla in adult l. striatellus which were not evenly distributed on all antennal segments. sensilla chaetica, a sensillum campaniformium and a böhm bristle were found on the scape. sensilla chaetica, sensilla ... | 2012 | 22767352 |
| development and characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellites for the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | nine microsatellite loci were isolated from the genome of laodelphax striatellus (homoptera: delphacidae) by constructing (tc)(6)(ac)(5) and (ag)(6)(ac)(5) compound ssr-enriched libraries using suppression-pcr procedures. these loci were found to be highly polymorphic, with 13 to 30 alleles per locus in the three populations that we investigated (jiangsu, shandong and zhejiang). the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.255 to 0.833 and 0.392 to 0.929, respectively. these microsat ... | 2012 | 22653602 |
| ecdysone receptor controls wing morphogenesis and melanization during rice planthopper metamorphosis. | in this study, we cloned full-length ecr cdnas from the small brown planthopper laodelphgax striatellus, the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens and the white back planthopper sogatella furciferas. this is the first reporting of ecrs from either l. striatellus or s. furciferas. the deduced amino acid sequences of the ecrs show high levels of similarity to each other. the highest transcriptional level of the ecr gene was detected in the mid-fifth instar nymphs of n. lugens. silencing of ecr expr ... | 2012 | 22326762 |
| influence of pymetrozine on feeding behaviors of three rice planthoppers and a rice leafhopper using electrical penetration graphs. | pymetrozine reportedly inhibits feeding of plant sap-sucking insects, such as aphids and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens (stål)). by using electrical penetration graph (epg), this study was conducted to investigate any differential effect of pymetrozine on the feeding behaviors of four major rice sap-sucking insect species, 1) n. lugens, 2) white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera (horváth)), 3) small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus (fallen)), and 4) green rice leafhopper (n ... | 2011 | 22299348 |
| molecular cloning of a gaba receptor subunit from laodelphax striatella (fallén) and patch clamp analysis of the homo-oligomeric receptors expressed in a drosophila cell line. | a cdna encoding a gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor subunit was cloned from the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatella. the l. striatella gaba receptor subunit was found to have high amino acid sequence similarity to the bd-type splice variant of the drosophila gaba receptor rdl subunit and several other gaba receptor subunits, with identities of over 70%. the cdna was inserted into the expression vector pac5.1-lac-hygro. clonal cell lines stably expressing homo-oligomeric l. striat ... | 2007 | 18093001 |
| cloning and characterization of a beta3 tubulin cdna from the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | | 2005 | 15859520 |
| probing stimulants from the rice plant towards the smaller brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallen) (homoptera: delphacidae). | when adult males of the smaller brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus were fed on 2% crude rice (leaf and stem) extract containing 15% sucrose there were characteristic stylet sheaths deposited on parafilm membrane. further bioassays with the butanol-soluble fr. of the extract revealed that it is highly effective for the insects. when the butanol fr. was charged on an ods open column and eluted in sequence with 20, 40 and 100% methanol in water, the ods-40% methanol fr. was shown as the most ... | 2015 | 11204184 |
| mode of action of triflumezopyrim: a novel mesoionic insecticide which inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. | triflumezopyrim, a newly commercialized molecule from dupont crop protection, belongs to the novel class of mesoionic insecticides. this study characterizes the biochemical and physiological action of this novel insecticide. using membranes from the aphid, myzus persicae, triflumezopyrim was found to displace (3)h-imidacloprid with a ki value of 43 nm with competitive binding results indicating that triflumezopyrim binds to the orthosteric site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr). in ... | 2016 | 27130855 |
| cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid stimulates rice defense response to a piercing-sucking insect. | the brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens) is a destructive, monophagous, piercing-sucking insect pest of rice. previous studies indicated that jasmonic acid (ja) positively regulates rice defense against chewing insect pests but negatively regulates it against the piercing-sucking insect of bph. we here demonstrated that overexpression of allene oxide cyclase (aoc) but not opr3 (cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (opda) reductase 3, an enzyme adjacent to aoc in the ja synthetic pathway) signific ... | 2014 | 25239066 |
| synthesis, insecticidal activity, crystal structure, and molecular docking studies of nitenpyram analogues with an ω-hydroxyalkyl ester arm anchored on the tetrahydropyrimidine ring. | on the basis of the research of the proposed modes of action between neonicotinoids and insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr), a new series of nitenpyram analogues with an ω-hydroxyalkyl ester arm anchored on the tetrahydropyrimidine ring was designed and synthesized to further enhance the strength of the hydrogen-bonding action they display in binding with the nachr. the structures of the target compounds were characterized by (1)h nmr, ir, and elemental analysis, and the cis configur ... | 2012 | 22950659 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activity of n-oxydihydropyrroles: 4-hydroxy-3-mesityl-5,5-dimethyl derivatives with various substituents at the 1-position. | a new series of n-oxydihydropyrrole derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for insecticidal activity against nilaparvata lugens and myzus persicae. various substituents were introduced to the 1-position of the dihydropyrrole ring, and the derivatives obtained exhibited systemic and/or contact insecticidal activity. the structure-activity relationship revealed that small alkyoxy and alkoxyalkoxy groups were more favorable than alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, or sulfonyloxy groups as subst ... | 2002 | 12506980 |
| characterization of actin and tubulin promoters from two sap-sucking pests, nilaparvata lugens (stål) and nephotettix cincticeps (uhler). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (n. lugens, hemiptera: delphacidae), and the green rice leafhopper, nephotettix cincticeps (n. cincticeps, hemiptera: cicadellidae), two sap-sucking feeders, have caused many destructive agricultural disasters in east asia, as they can bring diseases like 'hopper burn' and transmit plant viruses. recently, continuously-cultured cell lines from both insects have been reported. however, exogenous protein expression systems have not yet been established. he ... | 2016 | 26826390 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel dihydropyrrole derivatives with n-sulfanyl, sulfinyl, and sulfonyl moieties. | this paper reports the synthesis and insecticidal activity of a new type of dihydropyrrole derivatives with sulfur moieties such as sulfanyl, sulfinyl, and sulfonyl groups at the 1-position. these derivatives exhibited high insecticidal potency against nilaparvata lugens and nephotettix cincticeps. investigation of the structure-activity relationships revealed that the alkoxycarbonyloxy groups at the 4-position tended to increase the systemic insecticidal activity. | 2003 | 12538013 |
| dsrna targeting calmodulin reveal a potential target for pest management of nilaparvata lugens. | calmodulin (cam) is an essential protein in cellular activity and play important roles in many processes in insect development. rnai have been hypothesized to be promising methods for pest control. however, the sequence and function of cam in nilaparvata lugens is unknown. futhermore, the dsrna target to gene with higher similarity sequence in pest control is still unavailable. | 2018 | 29381254 |
| corrigendum: map-based cloning and characterization of bph29, a b3 domain-containing recessive gene conferring brown planthopper resistance in rice. | | 2018 | 29373714 |
| characterization of nlhox3, an essential gene for embryonic development in nilaparvata lugens. | hox genes encode transcriptional regulatory proteins that control axial patterning in all bilaterians. the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae), is a destructive insect pest of rice plants in asian countries. during analysis of the n. lugens transcriptome, we identified a hox3-like gene (nlhox3) that was highly and specifically expressed in the embryonic stage. we performed functional analysis on the gene to identify its roles in embryonic development and its pote ... | 2018 | 29369417 |
| effects of seed mixture sowing with transgenic bt rice and its parental line on the population dynamics of target stemborers and leafrollers, and non-target planthoppers. | the widespread planting of insect-resistant crops has caused a dramatic shift in agricultural landscapes, thus raising concerns about the potential impacts on both target and non-target pests. in this study, we examined the potential effects of intra-specific seed mixture sowing with transgenic bt rice (bt) and its parental non-transgenic line (nt) [100% bt rice (bt100 ), 5% nt+95% bt (nt05 bt95 ), 10% nt+90% bt (nt10 bt90 ), 20% nt+80% bt (nt20 bt80 ), 40% nt+60% bt (nt40 bt60 ), and 100% nt ri ... | 2018 | 29368405 |
| bph6 encodes an exocyst-localized protein and confers broad resistance to planthoppers in rice. | the brown planthopper (bph) and white-backed planthopper (wbph) are the most destructive insect pests of rice, and they pose serious threats to rice production throughout asia. thus, there are urgent needs to identify resistance-conferring genes and to breed planthopper-resistant rice varieties. here we report the map-based cloning and functional analysis of bph6, a gene that confers resistance to planthoppers in rice. bph6 encodes a previously uncharacterized protein that localizes to exocysts ... | 2018 | 29358653 |
| a neutral ceramidase, nlncdase, is involved in the stress responses of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | ceramidases (cdases) are vital enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of sphingolipids, which are essential components of eukaryotic membranes. the function of these enzymes in insects, however, is poorly understood. we identified a neutral ceramidase (nlncdase) from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, one of the most destructive hemipteran pests of rice. the c12-ceramide was the most preferred substrate for the nlncdase enzyme. the activity of the nlncdase enzyme was highest in the neutral ... | 2018 | 29348442 |
| neofunctionalization of duplicated p450 genes drives the evolution of insecticide resistance in the brown planthopper. | gene duplication is a major source of genetic variation that has been shown to underpin the evolution of a wide range of adaptive traits [1, 2]. for example, duplication or amplification of genes encoding detoxification enzymes has been shown to play an important role in the evolution of insecticide resistance [3-5]. in this context, gene duplication performs an adaptive function as a result of its effects on gene dosage and not as a source of functional novelty [3, 6-8]. here, we show that dupl ... | 2018 | 29337073 |
| effects of seed mixture sowing with resistant and susceptible rice on population dynamics of target planthoppers and non-target stemborers and leaffolders. | the widespread planting of insect-resistant crops has caused a dramatic shift in agricultural landscapes, thus raising concerns about the potential impact on both target and non-target pests worldwide. in this study, we examined the potential effects of six seed-mixture ratios of insect-resistant dominance (100%-r100, 95%-s05r95, 90%-s10r90, 80%-s20r80, 60%-s40r60, and 0%-s100) on target and non-target pests in a 2-year field trial in southern china. | 2018 | 29330915 |
| marker assisted pyramiding of bph6 and bph9 into elite restorer line 93-11 and development of functional marker for bph9. | the brown planthopper (bph) has become the most destructive and a serious threat to the rice production in asia. breeding the resistant varieties with improved host resistance is the most effective and ecosystem-friendly strategy of bph biological management. as host resistance was always broken down by the presence of the upgrading bph biotype, the more resistant varieties with novel resistance genes or pyramiding known identified bph resistance genes would be needed urgently for higher resista ... | 2017 | 29282566 |
| transferrin family genes in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) in response to three insecticides. | transferrins are involved in iron metabolism, immunity, xenobiotics tolerance, and development in eukaryotic organisms including insects. however, little is known about the relationship between transferrins and insecticide toxicology and resistance. three transferrin family genes, nltsf1, nltsf2, and nltsf3, of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae)a major insect pest of rice field in asia, had been identified and characterized in this study. quantitative polym ... | 2017 | 29272461 |
| role of broad-complex (br) and krüppel homolog 1 (kr-h1) in the ovary development of nilaparvata lugens. | ovarian development plays an important role in the life history of insects and is crucial for control of the insect population. the metamorphosis of an insect is precisely regulated by the interaction of the juvenile hormone and ecdysone. to understand the role of nlbr and nlkr-h1 in ovary development, we used rna interference (rnai) to down-regulate the expression of broad-complex (br) and krüppel homolog 1 (kr-h1), two important down-stream transcription factors of juvenile hormone and ecdyson ... | 2017 | 29270133 |
| functional study of cytochrome p450 enzymes from the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) to analyze its adaptation to bph-resistant rice. | plant-insect interactions constitute a complex of system, whereby plants synthesize toxic compounds as the main defense strategy to combat herbivore assault, and insects deploy detoxification systems to cope with toxic plant compounds. cytochrom p450s are among the main detoxification enzymes employed by insects to combat the chemical defenses of host plants. in this study, we used nilaparvata lugens (bph) to constitute an ideal system for studying plant-insect interactions. by feeding bphs with ... | 2017 | 29249980 |
| crispr/cas9-mediated knockout of two eye pigmentation genes in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens is one of the most destructive insect pests in asia, demonstrating high fertility and causing huge crop losses by sucking sap of rice as well as transmitting viruses. however, functional genomic studies on n. lugens are seriously constrained by lack of genetic tools. here, we employed two eye pigmentation genes to generate germ-line mutations in n. lugens using the crispr/cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/crispr-associated) system. ... | 2017 | 29241845 |
| an adenylyl cyclase like-9 gene (nlac9) influences growth and fecundity in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the camp/pka intracellular signaling pathway is launched by adenylyl cyclase (ac) conversion of adenosine triphosphate (atp) to 3', 5'-cyclic amp (camp) and camp-dependent activation of pka. although this pathway is very well known in insect physiology, there is little to no information on it in some very small pest insects, such as the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål. bph is a destructive pest responsible for tremendous crop losses in rice cropping systems. we are investigating ... | 2017 | 29236776 |
| characterization of a nilaparvata lugens (stål) brummer gene and analysis of its role in lipid metabolism. | the brummer (bmm) genes encode the lipid storage droplet-associated triacylglycerols (tag) lipases, which belong to the brummer/nutrin subfamily. these enzymes hydrolyze the ester bonds in tag in lipid metabolism and act in insect energy homeostasis. exposure to some agricultural chemicals leads to increased fecundity, which necessarily involves lipid metabolism, in some planthopper species. however, the biological roles of bmm in planthopper lipid storage and mobilization have not been investig ... | 2017 | 29230863 |
| identification of a sugar gustatory receptor and its effect on fecundity of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | in insects, the gustatory system plays a crucial role in multiple physiological behaviors, including feeding, toxin avoidance, courtship, mating and oviposition. gustatory stimuli from the environment are recognized by gustatory receptors. to date, little is known about the function of gustatory receptors in agricultural pest insects. in this study, we cloned a sugar gustatory receptor gene, nlgr11, from the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), a serious pest of rice in asia; we t ... | 2017 | 29178612 |
| silencing pyruvate kinase (nlpyk) leads to reduced fecundity in brown planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | pyruvate kinase (pyk) operates in the glycolytic pathway, responsible for regulating the balance between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. the previous work indicates pyk acts in development of drosophila embryos and in embryonic muscle growth, from which it may be inferred that pyk acts in insect fecundity. more to the point, as a central enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, pyk acts in many energy-spending functions in most organisms. on the background findings that triazophos (tzp) stimulates fecu ... | 2017 | 29114912 |
| overexpression of osrrk1 changes leaf morphology and defense to insect in rice. | it has been reported that the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (rlcks) regulate many biological processes in plants, but only a few members have been functionally characterized. here, we isolated a rice gene encoding atrrk1 homology protein kinase, osrrk1, which belongs to the rlck vi subfamily. osrrk1 transcript accumulated in many tissues at low to moderate levels and at high levels in leaves. overexpression of osrrk1 (oe-osrrk1) caused adaxial rolling and erect morphology of rice leaves. in ... | 2017 | 29114253 |
| characterization of heat shock protein 70 transcript from nilaparvata lugens (stål): its response to temperature and insecticide stresses. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, possesses a strong adaptability to extreme temperature and insecticide stresses. heat shock proteins (hsps) are highly conserved molecular chaperones and play a pivotal role in response to various environmental stresses in insects. however, little is known about the response of hsps to stresses in n. lugens. in the present study, an inducible hsp70 (nlhsp70) was isolated from this insect and transcriptional expression patterns of nlhsp70 under temperatu ... | 2017 | 29107232 |
| molecular characterization, spatial-temporal expression and magnetic response patterns of iron-sulfur cluster assembly1 (isca1) in the rice planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the mechanisms of magnetoreception have been proposed as the magnetite-based, the chemical radical-pair and biocompass model, in which magnetite particles, the cryptochrome (cry) or iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 (isca1) may be involved. however, little is known about the association among the molecules. here we investigated the molecular characterization and the mrna expression of isca1 in different developmental stages, tissues and magnetic fields in the migratory brown planthopper (bph), nila ... | 2017 | 29063672 |
| regional population differences of the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) in cambodia using genotyping-by-sequencing. | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (bph) can be found year-round in tropical region and causes severe damage to rice. although there has been documented bph damage to rice crops in the past decade in cambodia, the extent of this epidemic is poorly understood. here, we examined the time variation of bph population in the abundance of morphotypes in 13 main rice-producing provinces (86 sites) by aspirator method and in the takeo province (five sites) by yellow sticky trap method. at lea ... | 2017 | 29061206 |
| characterization and functional analysis of a carboxylesterase gene associated with chlorpyrifos resistance in nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the widespread and extensive application of insecticides have promoted the development of resistance in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål), one of the most important rice pests in asia. to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of metabolic resistance to insecticides, a chlorpyrifos-resistant (cr) strain of n. lugens was selected and its possible resistance mechanism was investigated. synergistic tests using carboxylesterases (cares) inhibitor triphenyl phosphate (tpp ... | 2017 | 29054582 |
| study on the effect of wing bud chitin metabolism and its developmental network genes in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, by knockdown of tre gene. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens is one of the most serious pests of rice, and there is so far no effective way to manage this pest. however, rna interference not only can be used to study gene function, but also provide potential opportunities for novel pest management. the development of wing plays a key role in insect physiological activities and mainly involves chitin. hence, the regulating role of trehalase (tre) genes on wing bud formation has been studied by rnai. in this paper, ... | 2017 | 29033849 |
| insulin-like peptides and dna/trna methyltransferases are involved in the nutritional regulation of female reproduction in nilaparvata lugens (stål). | insulin-like peptides (ilps) sense and transduce nutritional information and are linked to female reproduction in many insect species. our previous studies have shown that "target of rapamycin" (tor) pathway functions through juvenile hormone (jh) to regulate amino acids-mediated vitellogenesis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, one of the most destructive rice pests in asia. recent reports have demonstrated that dna methyltransferases (dnmts) are also involved in female reproduction ... | 2018 | 28993285 |
| tra-2 mediates cross-talk between sex determination and wing polyphenism in female nilaparvata lugens. | sexual dimorphism and wing polyphenism are important and evolutionarily conserved features of many insect species. in this article, we found a cross-talk linking sexual differentiation with wing polyphenism in the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens (order: hemiptera). knockdown of the sex determination gene transformer-2 in n. lugens (nltra-2) in nymph caused females to develop into infertile pseudomales containing undeveloped ovaries. whereas males treated with dsnltra-2 exhibited norma ... | 2017 | 28951528 |
| phf7, a novel male gene influences female fecundity and population growth in nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | phf7 exhibits male-specific expression in early germ cells, germline stem cells and spermatogonia in insects, and its expression promotes spermatogenesis in germ cells when they are present in a male soma. however, the influence of male-specific phf7 on female reproductive biology via mating remains unclear. thus, we investigated the potential impacts of male phf7, existed in seminal fluid of nilaparvata lugens (nlphf7), on fecundity and population growth via mating. our results revealed that su ... | 2017 | 28912601 |
| insecticide susceptibilities of the two rice planthoppers nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera in east asia, the red river delta, and the mekong delta. | the two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera, have different life cycles in the regions of east asia, the red river delta, and the mekong delta. the susceptibilities of these species to a range of insecticides have not previously been compared among the three regions over multiple years. here, we describe the differences and similarities in insecticide susceptibilities of the two species among the three regions in 2006-2011. | 2018 | 28898522 |
| silencing of juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase gene (nljheh) enhances short wing formation in a macropterous strain of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is an important migratory pest in many rice planting areas of asia. the typical wing dimorphism of n. lugens gives them flexibility to adapt to different environmental cues. as an important hormone in the insect's endocrine regulation, juvenile hormone (jh) has previously been shown to participate in the wing morph determination of n. lugens. in this paper, we investigated the possible wing morph determination roles of two jh metabolic enzymes, jh ... | 2017 | 28867330 |
| imidacloprid-susceptible nilaparvata lugens individuals exceeded resistant individuals in a mixture population with density pressure. | fitness costs associated with insecticide resistance in pest insects have mainly been studied under optimal laboratory conditions. however, resistant insects face more stressors than just insecticides in the field, and how the resistant population reacts to these stressors is of practical importance for the control of pest insects such as the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. the aim of the present study was to explore the impact of population density on the competitiveness of resistant and ... | 2018 | 28834145 |
| identification and analysis of brown planthopper-responsive micrornas in resistant and susceptible rice plants. | the brown planthopper (bph) is the most devastating insect pest of rice. the rice gene bph15 confers resistance to bph. micrornas (mirnas) regulate a spectrum of development and defense response processes in plants. in this study, we analyzed six mirna profiles of a bph15 introgression line (p15) and a susceptible recipient line (pc) at three time points (0 h, 6 h and 48 h) after bph attack, and identified 464 known mirnas and 183 potential novel mirnas. before the bph feeding, we identified 23 ... | 2017 | 28821824 |
| molecular structure of a prostaglandin d synthase requiring glutathione from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | prostaglandins are involved in many physiological processes, and prostaglandin synthases facilitate the detoxification of xenobiotics as well as endogenous compounds, such as through glutathione conjugation. specifically, prostaglandin d synthase (pgds) catalyzes the isomerization of pgh2 to pgd2. here we report the identification and structural analysis of pgds from the brown planthopper rice pest nilaparvata lugens (nlpgds), which belongs to the sigma-class glutathione transferases. the struct ... | 2017 | 28803983 |
| two distinctive β subunits are separately involved in two binding sites of imidacloprid with different affinities in locusta migratoria manilensis. | due to great diversity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) subtypes in insects, one β subunit may be contained in numerous nachr subtypes. in the locust locusta migratoria, a model insect species with agricultural importance, the third β subunits (locβ3) was identified in this study, which reveals at least three β subunits in this insect species. imidacloprid was found to bind nachrs in l. migratoria central nervous system at two sites with different affinities, with kd values of 0.16 an ... | 2017 | 28755692 |
| elevenin regulates the body color through a g protein-coupled receptor nla42 in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | the neuropeptide elevenin and similar neuropeptide precursors are common in some invertebrates but their physiological function in most species has not been explored. the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) has an elevenin-like peptide and a g protein-coupled receptor (gpcr) nla42 that is homologous to the elevenin receptor of the annelid platynereis dumerilii. rna interference (rnai)-mediated knockdown of either nl-elevenin or the nla42 gene resulted in cuticle melanization. ion transp ... | 2017 | 28743555 |
| effects of transgenic rice infected with srbsdv on bt expression and the ecological fitness of non-vector brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | the susceptibility of rice lines, t1c-19, t2a-1, and mh63 to srbsdv infection are similar and the contents of cry protein in t2a-1 and t1c-19 do not change significantly. the survival rates of bph nymphs feeding on srbsdv-infected t1c-19, bt t2a-1, or mh63 rice plants were not significantly different. the developmental stages of female bph fed on t1c-19 plants infected with srbsdv were significantly shorter than those fed on uninfected rice, while the males showed no significant difference. the ... | 2017 | 28740253 |
| silencing osslr1 enhances the resistance of rice to the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | della proteins, negative regulators of the gibberellin (ga) pathway, play important roles in plant growth, development and pathogen resistance by regulating multiple phytohormone signals. yet, whether and how they regulate plant herbivore resistance remain unknown. we found that the expression of the rice della gene osslr1 was down-regulated by an infestation of female adults of the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens. on one hand, osslr1 positively regulated bph-induced levels of two mit ... | 2017 | 28666057 |
| mechanisms of callose deposition in rice regulated by exogenous abscisic acid and its involvement in rice resistance to nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | callose is a plant cell wall polysaccharide controlled by β-1,3-glucanase and synthase. abscisic acid (aba) is an important plant hormone. exogenous aba promotes rice resistance to pests. whether exogenous aba could reduce the decline in rice yield after brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål; bph) feeding is an important question, however, the mechanisms behind rice resistance induced by aba remain obscure. | 2017 | 28664567 |
| karmoisin and cardinal ortholog genes participate in the ommochrome synthesis of nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | ommochrome is the major source for eye coloration of all insect species so far examined. phenoxazinone synthetase (phs) has always been regarded as the terminal step enzyme for ommochrome formation, which is encoded by cardinal or karmoisin genes. our previous study indicated that the karmoisin ortholog gene (nl-karmoisin) product in the brown planthopper (bph) was a monocarboxylate transporter, while not a phs. here, based on full-length complementary dna, the cardinal ortholog gene in bph (nl- ... | 2017 | 28657684 |
| interaction of ferulic acid with glutathione s-transferase and carboxylesterase genes in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | plant phenolics are crucial defense phytochemicals against herbivores and glutathione s-transferase (gst) and carboxylesterase (care) in herbivorous insects are well-known detoxification enzymes for such xenobiotics. to understand relationship between a plant phenolic and herbivore gst or care genes, we evaluated the relationship between a rice phenolic ferulic acid and resistance to brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens), and investigated the interaction of ferulic acid with gst or care ge ... | 2017 | 28647840 |
| development of elite bph-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines for three and two line hybrid rice. | hybrid rice has contributed significantly to the world food security. breeding of elite high-yield, strong-resistant broad-spectrum restorer line is an important strategy for hybrid rice in commercial breeding programs. here, we developed three elite brown planthopper (bph)-resistant wide-spectrum restorer lines by pyramiding big-panicle gene gn8.1, bph-resistant genes bph6 and bph9, fertility restorer genes rf3, rf4, rf5, and rf6 through molecular marker assisted selection. resistance analysis ... | 2017 | 28638401 |
| knockdown of tor causing ovarian diapause in a genetically stable brachypterous strain of nilaparvata lugens. | brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae), is one of the most damaging pests of rice crops. bph is a migratory insect with a delayed ovarian development in migrants classified as reproductive diapause. the molecular mechanism of reproductive diapause remains unclear, although we suspect it might be regulated by one or more nutrient signaling pathways. the target of rapamycin (tor) pathway regulates cell growth in response to nutritional information, which raised ... | 2017 | 28635136 |
| pharmacological characterisation and functional roles for egg-laying of a β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | octopamine, the invertebrate counterpart of adrenaline and noradrenaline, controls and modulates many physiological and behavioral processes in protostomes. it mediates its effects by binding to specific receptors belonging to the superfamily of g-protein coupled receptors. we report the cloning of a cdna from the brown planthopper (nloa2b2) sharing high similarity with members of the oa2b2 receptor class. activation of nloa2b2 by octopamine increased the production of camp in a dose-dependent m ... | 2017 | 28629966 |
| forkhead box transcription factor l2 activates fcp3c to regulate insect chorion formation. | most animals are oviparous. however, the genes regulating egg shell formation remain not very clear. in this study, we found that nilaparvata lugens forkhead box transcription factor l2 (nlfoxl2) directly activated follicle cell protein 3c (nlfcp3c) to regulate chorion formation. nlfoxl2 and nlfcp3c had a similar expression pattern, both highly expressed in the follicular cells of female adults. knockdown of nlfoxl2 or nlfcp3c also resulted in the same phenotypes: obesity and female infertility. ... | 2017 | 28615473 |
| cycle affects imidacloprid efficiency by mediating cytochrome p450 expression in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. | circadian clocks influence most behaviours and physiological activities in animals, including daily fluctuations in metabolism. however, how the clock gene cycle influences insects' responses to pesticides has rarely been reported. here, we provide evidence that cycle affects imidacloprid efficacy by mediating the expression of cytochrome p450 genes in the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens, a serious insect pest of rice. survival bioassays showed that the susceptibility of bph adults to ... | 2017 | 28543984 |
| identification of snps involved in regulating a novel alternative transcript of p450 cyp6er1 in the brown planthopper. | cytochrome p450-mediated metabolic resistance is one of the major mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance. although the up-regulation of cytochrome p450 plays a vital role in insecticide metabolism, the molecular basis for the transcriptional regulation of cytochrome p450 remains largely unknown. the p450 gene cyp6er1, has been reported to confer imidacloprid resistance to the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. here, we identified a novel alternative transcript of cyp6er1 (transcript a ... | 2017 | 28459131 |
| silicon amendment to rice plants impairs sucking behaviors and population growth in the phloem feeder nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a migratory and destructive sucking insect pest of rice. silicon (si) amendment to plants can confer enhanced resistance to herbivores and is emerging as a novel approach for pest management. in the present study, we tested the effects of si addition at 0.16 (low) and 0.32 (high) g si/kg soil on sucking behaviors and population growth in bph. si amendment increased si content in rice stems and extended non-probing event and phloem punctu ... | 2017 | 28439066 |
| point mutations in acetylcholinesterase 1 associated with chlorpyrifos resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål. | insecticide resistance frequently results from target-site insensitivity, such as point mutations in acetylcholinesterases (aches) for resistance to organophosphates and carbamates. from a field-originated population of nilaparvata lugens, a major rice pest, a resistant population (r9) was obtained by nine-generation continuous selection with chlorpyrifos. from the same field population, a relatively susceptible population (s9) was also constructed through rearing without any insecticides. compa ... | 2017 | 28407384 |
| brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens was concentrated at the rear of the typhoon soudelor in eastern china in august 2015. | sometimes, extreme weather is vital for the population survival of migratory insects by causing sudden population collapse or outbreak. several studies have shown that rice planthopper migration was significantly influenced by typhoons in eastern asia. most typhoons occur in the summer, especially in august. in august, brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) migrates northward or southward depending on wind direction, and thus typhoons can potentially influence its migration process and popu ... | 2017 | 28371321 |
| use of banker plant system for sustainable management of the most important insect pest in rice fields in china. | to meet the world's food demand, there is a growing need for sustainable pest management practices. this study describes the results from complementary laboratory and field studies of a "banker plant system" for sustainable management of the rice brown planthopper (bph) (nilaparvata lugens stål) - the economically most important rice pest in asian rice growing areas. the banker plant system consisted of planting a grass species, leersia sayanuka, adjacent to rice fields. l. sayanuka is the host ... | 2017 | 28367978 |
| glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase: gene cloning and expression analysis reveal their role in trehalose metabolism in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | rna interference has been used to study insects' gene function and regulation. glycogen synthase (gs) and glycogen phosphorylase (gp) are two key enzymes in carbohydrates' conversion in insects. glycogen content and gp and gs gene expression in several tissues and developmental stages of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae) were analyzed in the present study, using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to determine their response to double ... | 2017 | 28365765 |
| suppressing the activity of trehalase with validamycin disrupts the trehalose and chitin biosynthesis pathways in the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | trehalase (tre) is a key enzyme in trehalose degradation and has important functions in insect growth and chitin synthesis. though validamycin has the potential for pest control by suppressing tre activities, it is not known whether validamycin acts on both trehalose and chitin metabolism. tre1 and tre2 activities and glucose and glycogen contents decreased significantly after the injection of different doses of validamycin solution compared with the control group, while the trehalose content in ... | 2017 | 28364808 |
| the regulation of lipid metabolism by a hypothetical p-loop ntpase and its impact on fecundity of the brown planthopper. | insect fecundity can be regulated by multiple genes in several important signaling pathways which form an extremely complicated regulatory network. however, there are still many genes that have significant impact on insect fecundity but their action mode are still unknown. | 2017 | 28315769 |
| distinct roles of met and interacting proteins on the expressions of takeout family genes in brown planthopper. | the takeout family genes encode relatively small proteins that are related to olfaction and are regulated by juvenile hormone (jh). the takeout genes modulate various physiological processes, such as behavioral plasticity in the migratory locust locusta migraloria and feeding and courtship behaviors in drosophila. therefore, to understand the regulatory mechanism of these physiological processes, it is important to study the expressions of the takeout genes that are regulated by jh signaling. we ... | 2017 | 28270774 |
| knockdown of a putative argininosuccinate lyase gene reduces arginine content and impairs nymphal development in nilaparvata lugens. | nilaparvata lugens is a typical phloem feeder. rice phloem is high in simple sugars and very low in essential amino acids. nilaparvata lugens harbors an ascomycete entomomyces delphacidicola that hypothetically biosynthesizes several amino acids to meet the nutrition requirement of the planthopper. among these amino acids, here, we focused on arginine biosynthesis. a complete cdna of an e. delphacidicola gene, arginine-succinate lyase, edarg4, the last step in arginine biosynthesis, was obtained ... | 2017 | 28251694 |
| ras-like family small gtpases genes in nilaparvata lugens: identification, phylogenetic analysis, gene expression and function in nymphal development. | twenty-nine cdnas encoding ras-like family small gtpases (rsgs) were cloned and sequenced from nilaparvata lugens. twenty-eight proteins are described here: 3 from rho, 2 from ras, 9 from arf and 14 from rabs. these rsgs from n.lugens have five conserved g-loop motifs and displayed a higher degree of sequence conservation with orthologues from insects. rt-qpcr analysis revealed nlrsgs expressed at all life stages and the highest expression was observed in hemolymph, gut or wing for most of nlrsg ... | 2017 | 28241066 |
| video monitoring of brown planthopper predation in rice shows flaws of sentinel methods. | immobilized preys are routinely used in agro-ecological exposure studies to quantify predation of pests under field conditions, but this method has not been validated. our purpose was to determine the validity of using immobilized adults of the major rice pest nilaparvata lugens, brown plant hopper (bph), as sentinels. we used direct observation by video recording to determine the causal agents of removal of field exposed bph sentinels with two experiments: 1) we recorded removal events of dead, ... | 2017 | 28211500 |
| metabolic resistance in nilaparvata lugens to etofenprox, a non-ester pyrethroid insecticide. | etofenprox, a non-ester pyrethroid insecticide, will be registered to control rice pests such as the brown planthopper (bph, nilaparvata lugens stål) in mainland china. insecticide resistance is always a problem to the effective control of n. lugens by chemical insecticides. an etofenprox resistance selection of n. lugens was performed in order to understand the related mechanisms. through successive selection by etofenprox for 16 generations in the laboratory, an etofenprox-resistant strain (g1 ... | 2017 | 28187826 |
| diversity-oriented synthesis of natural-product-like libraries containing a 3-methylbenzofuran moiety for the discovery of new chemical elicitors. | natural products are a major source of biological molecules. the 3-methylfuran scaffold is found in a variety of plant secondary metabolite chemical elicitors that confer host-plant resistance against insect pests. herein, the diversity-oriented synthesis of a natural-product-like library is reported, in which the 3-methylfuran core is fused in an angular attachment to six common natural product scaffolds-coumarin, chalcone, flavone, flavonol, isoflavone and isoquinolinone. the structural divers ... | 2017 | 28168155 |
| mucin-like protein, a saliva component involved in brown planthopper virulence and host adaptation. | the rice brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, can rapidly adapt to new resistant rice varieties within several generations, rendering its management burdensome. however, the molecular mechanism underlying its adaptability remains unclear. in this study, we investigated the potential role of mucin-like protein (nlmul) in n. lugens virulence and adaptation to host resistance. nlmul is an important glycoprotein that constitutes both gelling and watery saliva, and specifically expressed in t ... | 2017 | 28115117 |
| a salivary ef-hand calcium-binding protein of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens functions as an effector for defense responses in rice. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae), a major pest of rice in asia, is able to successfully puncture sieve tubes in rice with its piercing stylet and then to ingest phloem sap. how bph manages to continuously feed on rice remains unclear. here, we cloned the gene nlsef1, which is highly expressed in the salivary glands of bph. the nlsef1 protein has ef-hand ca2+-binding activity and can be secreted into rice plants when bph feed. infestation of rice by ... | 2017 | 28098179 |
| induction of p450 genes in nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera by two neonicotinoid insecticides. | nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera are two primary planthoppers on rice throughout asian countries and areas. neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid (imi), have been extensively used to control rice planthoppers and imi resistance consequently occurred with an important mechanism from the over-expression of p450 genes. the induction of p450 genes by imi may increase the ability to metabolize this insecticide in planthoppers and increase the resistance risk. in this study, the i ... | 2017 | 28092127 |
| effect of rnai-mediated knockdown of nltor gene on fertility of male nilaparvata lugens. | the target gene of rapamycin (tor) is conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates, and plays critical roles in cell growth, nutrient sensing, lifespan and reproduction. in this paper, we employed rna interference (rnai) to study the function of tor in male brown planthoppers (bph), nilaparvata lugens. here we discovered that no offspring was produced when wildtype females bph mated with nltor rnai males. to understand the influence of nltor on male bph infertility, we dissected the reproductive ... | 2017 | 28069465 |
| pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 is essential for egg hatching in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | in this study, we identified a pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (plrp2) gene through searching the transcriptome data of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, a monophagous rice pest. plrp2 mrnas were first isolated in the human pancreas and play an important role in hydrolysis of galactolipids from the diet. although homologous plrp2 genes have been identified in many insect species, their physiological functions remain unknown. the present study for the first time reports the functiona ... | 2017 | 28032922 |
| effects of temperature on fitness costs in chlorpyrifos-resistant brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | insecticide resistance is inevitable if an insecticide is widely used to control insect pests. fortunately, the resistance-associated fitness costs often give chances to manage resistances. in most cases, the fitness cost in resistant insects is often evaluated under laboratory conditions for insect development, which limits its practical application in pest control in the field. in a laboratory population r9 with 253-fold resistance to chlorpyrifos after nine-generation selection with chlorpyri ... | 2016 | 28026125 |
| insulin receptors and wing dimorphism in rice planthoppers. | wing polymorphism contributes significantly to the success of a wide variety of insects. however, its underlying molecular mechanism is less well understood. the migratory planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most extensively studied insects for wing polymorphism, due to its natural features of short- and long-winged morphs. using the bph as an example, we first surveyed the environmental cues that possibly influence wing developmental plasticity. second, we explained the molecul ... | 2017 | 27994130 |
| population dynamics of rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera (hemiptera, delphacidae) in central vietnam and its effects on their spring migration to china. | rice planthopper (rph) populations of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera periodically have erupted across asia. predicting rph population dynamics and identifying their source areas are crucial for the management of these migratory pests in china, but the origins of the migrants to temperate and subtropical regions in china remains unclear. in particular, their early migration to china in march and april have not yet been explored due to a lack of research data available from potential s ... | 2017 | 27919313 |
| development and evaluation of near-isogenic lines for brown planthopper resistance in rice cv. 9311. | brown planthopper (bph) is the most destructive pest of rice in asia. to date 29 bph resistance genes have been identified, but only a few genes are being used in breeding due to inefficient markers for marker-assisted selection (mas) and little knowledge of the real effects of the genes. in this study we individually transferred 13 genes or qtls (bph14, qbph3, qbph4, bph17, bph15, bph20, bph24, bph6, bph3, bph9, bph10, bph18 and bph21) into cultivar 9311 by marker assisted backcross breeding (m ... | 2016 | 27901104 |
| microrna and dsrna targeting chitin synthase a reveal a great potential for pest management of the hemipteran insect nilaparvata lugens. | two rna silencing pathways in insects are known to exist that are mediated by short interfering rnas (sirnas) and micrornas (mirnas), which have been hypothesised to be promising methods for insect pest control. however, a comparison between mirna and sirna in pest control is still unavailable, particularly in targeting chitin synthase gene a (chsa). | 2017 | 27885784 |
| driving pest insect populations: agricultural chemicals lead to an adaptive syndrome in nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper (bph) is a devastating pest of rice throughout asia. in this paper we document the bph biogeographic range expansion in china over the 20-year period, 1992 to 2012. we posed the hypothesis that the range expansion is due to a syndrome of adaptations to the continuous presence of agricultural chemicals (insecticides and a fungicide) over the last 40 years. with respect to biogeography, bph ranges have expanded by 13% from 1992 to 1997 and by another 3% from 1997 to 2012. in ... | 2016 | 27876748 |
| erratum: map-based cloning and characterization of the bph18 gene from wild rice conferring resistance to brown planthopper (bph) insect pest. | | 2016 | 27834403 |
| metabolic imidacloprid resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, relies on multiple p450 enzymes. | target insensitivity contributing to imidacloprid resistance in nilaparvata lugens has been reported to occur either through point mutations or quantitative change in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs). however, the metabolic resistance, especially the enhanced detoxification by p450 enzymes, is the major mechanism in fields. from one field-originated n. lugens population, an imidacloprid resistant strain g25 and a susceptible counterpart s25 were obtained to analyze putative roles of p4 ... | 2016 | 27793627 |
| ippa08 allosterically enhances the action of imidacloprid on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | our previous study showed that ippa08, a cis-configuration neonicotinoid compound with unique oxabridged substructure, acted as a specific synergist to neonicotinoid insecticides targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs). heteropentamer nachrs have diverse characteristics and can form canonical and noncanonical subunit interfaces. while canonical interfaces have been exploited as targets of many drugs, noncanonical interfaces have received less attention. in this study, the mechanism ... | 2016 | 27793626 |
| characterization and comparative profiling of the small rna transcriptomes in the hemipteran insect nilaparvata lugens. | micrornas (mirnas) are a group of small rnas involved in various biological processes through negative regulation of mrnas at the post-transcriptional level. the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål), is one of the most serious and destructive insect pests of rice. in the present study, two small rna libraries of virulent n. lugens populations (biotype i survives on susceptive rice variety tn1 and biotype y survives on moderately resistant rice variety yhy15) were constructed and se ... | 2016 | 27693372 |
| expression induction of p450 genes by imidacloprid in nilaparvata lugens: a genome-scale analysis. | the overexpression of p450 monooxygenase genes is a main mechanism for the resistance to imidacloprid, a representative neonicotinoid insecticide, in nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper, bph). however, only two p450 genes (cyp6ay1 and cyp6er1), among fifty-four p450 genes identified from bph genome database, have been reported to play important roles in imidacloprid resistance until now. in this study, after the confirmation of important roles of p450s in imidacloprid resistance by the synergi ... | 2016 | 27521914 |
| insecticide resistance monitoring and correlation analysis of insecticides in field populations of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) in china 2012-2014. | the brown planthopper is a serious rice pest in china. chemical insecticides have been considered a satisfactory means of controlling the brown planthopper. in the present study, we determined the susceptibility of twenty-one populations of nilaparvata lugens to eleven insecticides by a rice-stem dipping method from 2012 to 2014 in eight provinces of china. these field-collected populations of n. lugens had developed high levels of resistance to imidacloprid (resistant ratio, rr=233.3-2029-fold) ... | 2016 | 27521908 |
| ion transport peptide (itp) regulates wing expansion and cuticle melanism in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | ion transport peptide (itp) and its alternatively spliced homologous itp-like (itpl) products play important roles in various insect developmental processes. we found for the first time that alternative 5' untranslated regions (5' utrs) of itpl (nilluitpls-1, -2, -3 and -4) control spatiotemporal expression in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, as demonstrated by reverse-transcription quantitative pcr. by using an alternative 5' utr, nilluitpl-1 was expressed exclusively in the male repr ... | 2016 | 27515909 |
| discovery and functional identification of fecundity-related genes in the brown planthopper by large-scale rna interference. | recently, transcriptome and proteome data have increasingly been used to identify potential novel genes related to insect phenotypes. however, there are few studies reporting the large-scale functional identification of such genes in insects. to identify novel genes related to fecundity in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens, 115 genes were selected from the transcriptomic and proteomic data previously obtained from high- and low-fecundity populations in our laboratory. the results o ... | 2016 | 27472833 |