| comparative toxicity of four halogenated organophosphorus insecticides to chicks, japanese quail, and diptera. | | 1971 | 5158346 |
| erythrocytes of japanese quail for hemagglutination by rubella virus. | | 1971 | 5315707 |
| changes in plasma proteins associated with the anemia produced by dietary cadmium in japanese quail. | | 1969 | 5346544 |
| the effect of whole body gamma irradiation on survivors' egg production in the white leghorn, coturnix coturnix japonica, and bobwhite quail. | | 1969 | 5373753 |
| [determination of some constituents of cloacal gland secretion of coturnix coturnix japonica]. | | 1969 | 5399989 |
| [further observations on the cloacal gland of coturnix coturnix japonica]. | | 1970 | 5419787 |
| japanese quail: susceptibility to avian tuberculosis. | | 1970 | 5434438 |
| the effects of 1,1-di-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichlorethane (ddt) and 1,1-di(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene (dde) on hepatic microsomal oxidase in the rat and japanese quail. | | 1970 | 5472181 |
| possible immunological basis for a reduction of fertility in cross-mating fowl with japanese quail. | | 1970 | 5492024 |
| sterility and reproductive inhibition of japanese quail induced by mestranol ingestion. | | 1970 | 5501072 |
| temperature selection in day-old chickens (gallus domesticus) and young japanese quail (c. coturnix japonicus). | | 1970 | 5503029 |
| [influenza virus infections in japanese quails]. | | 1970 | 5515581 |
| [comparative study of the division of germ cells at the end of the first week of embryonic life of three species of quail (gallus domesticus, meleagris gallapavo, coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | | 1971 | 5581109 |
| light-induced rhythmic changes in the hypothalamic neurosecretory activity in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | | 1967 | 5630629 |
| acute anticholinesterase toxicity in ducks and japanese quail. | | 1968 | 5660804 |
| the cloacal gland complex of the japanese quail. | | 1968 | 5709046 |
| newcastle disease in a flock of japanese quails. | | 1968 | 5748770 |
| a comparison of the ability of the japanese quail and light breed chicken to metabolize and utilize energy. | | 1968 | 5749592 |
| [the cloacal gland of coturnix coturnix japonica. histological, histochemical and ultrastructural observations]. | | 1968 | 5759156 |
| [appearance and localization of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (delta 5-3 beta and 17 beta) in gonads of the chick and quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryo. histoenzymology study and comparisons with the chicken (gallus gallus domesticus)]. | | 1969 | 5769948 |
| developmental genetics of the alcohol dehydrogenase locus of the japanese quail. | | 1969 | 5770241 |
| physiologic and endocrinologic effects of the insecticide kepone in the japanese quail. | | 1969 | 5804755 |
| fine resolution of the karyogram of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | | 1965 | 5884828 |
| susceptibility of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) to heterakis gallinarum and histomonas meleagridis. | | 1966 | 5972258 |
| agglutinin responses to salmonella pullorum in japanese quail selected for plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin and a model describing the dynamics of the response. | japanese quail from the s16 generation of lines selected for high (hr) and low (lr) plasma cholesterol response to adrenocorticotropin (acth), and the randombred control line (c) from which the selected lines had been derived, were immunized with a heat-killed salmonella pullorum antigen. plasma from blood samples taken at 0,5,8, and 12 days postimmunization was titered for total agglutinin levels. a quadratic equation and its first derivative, calculated for each bird, produced mean values by l ... | 1984 | 6091085 |
| increased transcription of the c-myc oncogene in two methylcholanthrene-induced quail fibroblastic cell lines. | the expression of three c-onc genes (c-erb, c-myc, c-myb) was investigated in five cell lines established from fibrosarcomas induced with 20-methylcholanthrene (mca) of japanese quails. these cell lines showed low levels of the three c-onc genes, with the exception of two cell lines that accumulated moderate (mcaq 1-4) and large amounts (mcaq3-5) of c-myc rna. molecular cloning and restriction endonuclease analyses indicated that expression of c-myc in these two cell lines were not associated wi ... | 1984 | 6094223 |
| oncogenecity of an avian erythroblastosis virus in mutant strains of japanese quails. | the susceptibility of 12 mutant strains of japanese quails to the r strain of avian erythroblastosis virus (aev) was examined. three strains, sbpp, pnn and cwe, showed high susceptibility and developed various types of tumors including erythroblastosis, hemangioma and myeloblastic leukemia. in relatively resistant we strain, increased incidence and various types of tumors were observed by modification of host conditions. these results indicate pluripotential oncogenicity of aev in quails as well ... | 1984 | 6094891 |
| avian gonadotropin receptors: a comparative view. | avian testicular receptors for gonadotropins show a species-specificity similar to mammalian receptors for the binding affinity to gonadotropins of various origins. in the affinity-capacity relationships, avian fsh receptors are classified in the same group with chelonians, that is, they exhibit relatively low affinity and high capacity. fsh receptors of the japanese quail resemble the rat receptor with respect to the temperature-dependence of affinity in the low-temperature range, but also rese ... | 1984 | 6097628 |
| immunoreactive neuropeptide systems in avian embryos (domestic mallard, domestic fowl, japanese quail). | in embryos of the domestic mallard, domestic fowl, and japanese quail vasotocin-, mesotocin-, luliberin (lhrh)-, met-enkephalin-, corticotropin-, and somatostatin-immunoreactive perikarya and fiber formations were visualized at different incubation stages by means of the pap technique (sternberger 1979). the most striking results were: (1) vasotocin-, mesotocin-, and luliberin-immunoreactive systems display, up to the late embryonic period, morphological features most probably related to a neuro ... | 1982 | 6121629 |
| haemostasis, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in the japanese quail. | | 1982 | 6121648 |
| mechanisms for induction of drinking with special reference to angiotensin ii. | the japanese quail drinks water vigorously after water deprivation, haemorrhage and administration of hypertonic saline solution. most avian species responded to angiotensin ii (aii) by drinking, but carnivorous birds and those originating in arid regions were insensitive. the receptive sites for aii were the subfornical organ (sfo) and the preoptic area (poa) in the japanese quail. catecholaminergic fibers proceed from the poa to the sfo. dipsogenic information generated by aii at the poa is tr ... | 1982 | 6124337 |
| [growth dynamics of housefly larvae on organic wastes in a biological human life support system]. | the time-course of the growth of musca domestica larvae on organic wastes (human and japanese quail excrements) was studied as a function of the egg density. an increase in the density of the substrate contamination reduced the weight of pupae and iii instar larvae. the density effect in the case of quail excrements was seen earlier than in the case of human excrements. the larval weight on quail excrements was much lower than on human excrements, the density of substrate contamination being equ ... | 1982 | 6129345 |
| erythrocytic phosphates and flying activity in birds. | 1. the intraerythrocitary organic phosphates in different avian species (sturnus vulgaris, apus apus, gallus gallus domesticus, coturnix coturnix japonica and columba livia) were analyzed by ionic exchange chromatography. the chromatograms of these species revealed the presence of adp, atp, gtp, ipp and inorganic phosphate. 2. the main organic phosphates (atp and ipp) and the inorganic phosphate were also evaluated, directly, in other specimens. the ipp levels were very similar in all species; h ... | 1983 | 6132731 |
| inter and intraspecies genetic differences in survival to an acute carbon monoxide challenge in mice, rats, guinea-pigs, quails and chickens. | 1. groups of small laboratory vertebrates, of both sexes, have been submitted to an acute carbon monoxide challenge, close to a ld50. 2. an interspecific classification, from low to high co sensitivity, gives: guinea-pigs-mice-chicks-rats-quails. 3. interstrain statistical differences were observed in all species, with the exception of guinea-pigs. furthermore, among two selected genotypes of japanese quails, one was resistant to acute nitrogen hypoxia and to carbon monoxide intoxication and the ... | 1983 | 6132741 |
| rabies vaccine prepared from the virus grown in japanese quail embryo cell cultures. | fixed rabies virus strain mniivp-74 was grown in japanese quail embryo cell cultures, concentrated by ultrafiltration and inactivated with beta-propiolactone. the resulting vaccine was markedly antigenic and immunogenic for laboratory animals. human volunteers injected with 2.0 ml vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 exhibited more intensive and longer antibody production than those injected daily for 14 days. | 1983 | 6133431 |
| cutaneous water evaporation--i. its significance in heat-stressed birds. | in a comparative study on avian cutaneous evaporation, two species of phasianidae, japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica and chukar partridge alectoris chukar, and three species of columbidae, palm dove streptopelia senegalensis, collared turtle dove streptopelia decaocto and rock pigeon columbia livia, were investigated. the skin resistance to vapor diffusion (rs) and cutaneous water loss (cwl) were studied in these birds exposed to air temperatures (ta) between 20 and 52 degrees c. the ski ... | 1983 | 6136378 |
| peptidergic pathways in the avian brain. | the results obtained by topographical studies on the immunoreactive peptide systems in the embryonic and adult avian brain (domestic fowl, domestic mallard, pigeon, japanese quail, and zebra finch) can be realized only by means of phylogenetical comparisons. the comparative studies mainly demonstrate a fascinating constancy of the immunological properties and the spatial distribution of the neuropeptides. independent of the development of the neopallium, and the increasing cerebral complexity, t ... | 1984 | 6151578 |
| developmental changes in the presence of specific chicken fetal-leukemic antigen determinants in the chicken, japanese quail, and the interspecific hybrid. | the pattern and timing of expression of chicken fetal-leukemic antigen (cfa) on peripheral red blood cells (rbcs) is reported for specific periods of postembryonic development in chickens, japanese quail, and quail-chicken hybrids. individual cfa determinants were lost from the peripheral rbcs of chickens and hybrids at specific times of development. the sequential pattern of phasing in these sources suggests that at least some of the cfa determinants may be expressed independently on the cell s ... | 1980 | 6158037 |
| [acute toxicity of mercurial seed-dressing agents for rats and japanese quail with special reference to coergistic effects]. | acute oral toxicity to rat of phenyl-mercury acetate (with 44 mg/kg on males and between 54 mg/kg and 77 mg/kg on females several tests) was found to be almost identical with that of methyl-mercury toluenesulphamide (59 mg/kg on males, 54 mg/kg on females). japanese quail, on the other hand, proved to much more sensitive to the methyl compounds, the significant difference being 25 mg/kg of methyl-mercury toluenesulphamide against 71 kg/kg of phenyl-mercury acetate. coergistic action of combinati ... | 1980 | 6159863 |
| characterization of a genetically segregating determinant of chicken fetal antigen by a new hapten inhibition of microcytotoxicity (him) assay. | the immunodominant structure of a chicken fetal antigen (cfa) determinant was investigated using a new hapten inhibition of microcytotoxicity (him) assay. this him assay employing avian erythrocytes was shown to be a highly sensitive, economical technique and was verified in a separate experiment using bovine serum albumin (bsa) coupled to japanese quail peripheral red blood cells (qprbcs). inhibition of microcytotoxicity was measured following preincubation of 1 microliter of specific antiserum ... | 1982 | 6180728 |
| japanese quail embryo cell line persistently infected with erythroblastosis virus. | a japanese quail embryo cell line transformed by avian retrovirus, designated qerc-31f, was further characterized in virological and cytological aspects. infectious virus produced by this cell line was found to belong to subgroup a. the virus failed to transform quail embryo cells, whereas it induced erythroblastosis by injection into neonatal quails. injection of qerc-31f cells into neonatal quails resulted in the induction of solid tumors which morphologically diagnosed as undifferentiated sar ... | 1982 | 6181272 |
| suppression of natural killer cell activity by chicken alpha-fetoprotein in japanese quails. | spleen cells taken from quails treated with chicken alpha-fetoprotein (ch-afp) showed reduced natural killer (nk) activity as did spleen cells taken from quails treated with chicken amniotic fluid (chamf) in which the presence of ch-afp was demonstrated by a gel precipitation test. the ch-afp-induced reduction of nk activity was shown to be mediated by suppressor cells. in addition, ch-afp-treated quails developed tumors with shorter latent periods than those of the tumors that developed in untr ... | 1983 | 6187964 |
| avian lh and fsh: comparison of several radioimmunoassays. | comparisons were made between various lh and fsh radioimmunoassays currently being used to measure avian hormones. the two lh assays were the homologous chicken system of follett et al. (1972) and the turkey assay of burke et al. (1979). these assays were also used in heterologous arrangement by interchanging the iodinated lh fractions and antisera. five fsh assays were analyzed: two homologous chicken systems (scanes et al., 1977; sakai and ishii, 1980). an assay based on mammalian materials (r ... | 1983 | 6189763 |
| surface marker for hemopoietic and endothelial cell lineages in quail that is defined by a monoclonal antibody. | a mouse monoclonal antibody raised in response to quail immunoglobulin mu chain was found to exhibit a broad reactivity towards hemopoietic and endothelial cells in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). indirect immunofluorescence assays were performed at several stages of embryonic development and until 3 weeks after hatching, on either isolated cells or tissue sections. they revealed that the defined surface marker, referred to as mb1, (i) is expressed early on both intra- and extraembryonic ... | 1983 | 6190166 |
| the role of serum binding proteins in determining free thyroid hormone concentrations during development in quail. | japanese quail were used as a model for studying the role of binding proteins in determining free t4 (ft4) and free t3 (ft3) concentrations during development. adults were used to characterize thyroid hormone binding; developmental stages studied were late embryonic, perinatal, hatchling, and juvenile. total and free hormones were determined directly by ria, and free hormones were determined indirectly by equilibrium dialysis. binding proteins were identified by electrophoresis of serum preincub ... | 1983 | 6191971 |
| [use of deae-sephadex a-50 microcarriers for reproduction of the mumps virus]. | reproduction of the vaccine l-3 strains of mumps virus was studied in cultures of continuous vero cells and in primary cultures of japanese quail embryos (jqe) growing on deae-sephadex a-50 microcarriers. the vero cell culture multiplies actively on the microcarrier surface giving more than a 20-fold increase in 8 days. mumps virus showed a high reproductive capacity in vero cell culture and in primary jqe cells. mumps virus-infected vero cells produce 5-6 pools of virus-containing material with ... | 1984 | 6201007 |
| avian peritoneal exudate cells: a comparison of stimulation protocols. | the influence of different stimulation protocols on the induction of peritoneal exudate cells (pecs) and adherent cells, and on the percentage of different adherent cell types was examined in the chicken and japanese quail. the results suggest that different protocols may be selected to maximize isolation of specific pec populations for immunological studies. in the chicken, starch, peptone, glycogen, and sephadex g-40 were all equally effective and superior to saline in generating pecs. while a ... | 1984 | 6203782 |
| isolation of ureaplasmas from poultry and experimental infection in chickens. | ureaplasmas were isolated from the oropharynxes of 47 of 247 (19 per cent) leghorn chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) and from five japanese bantams but none was isolated from the oropharynx or cloaca of other poultry comprising 10 japanese game, 75 common quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), 17 turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) and 10 guinea fowls (numida galeata). in apparently healthy chickens, ureaplasmas were found at various sites, including the conjunctiva, nasal cavity, oropharynx, upper an ... | 1982 | 6211817 |
| androgen regulation of secretions in the sebaceous-like uropygial gland of the male japanese quail. | the uropygial gland of the male quail is a sebaceous-like, androgen-dependent structure. the waxes secreted by this gland consist of fatty acids esterified by alkane-2,3-diols. in adult male quail the relative concentrations of all fatty acids were not affected by castration and testosterone treatment; but in contrast, the relative concentration of dodecane diol was found to be correlated with the androgen levels. in castrated quail administration of testosterone induced an increase in the dodec ... | 1984 | 6238117 |
| physiological effects of exogenous adrenocorticotropin injections in japanese quail. | administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropin (acth) into young japanese quail resulted in certain physiological changes consistent with those which have been reported in chickens. these include reduced body weight gains and bursa weights. also adrenal cholesterol values were decreased, and serum cholesterol and plasma refractive indices were increased. however, spleen weights, right adrenal weights, and packed cell volumes were not consistently altered at 24 hr post-acth administration. colle ... | 1980 | 6246482 |
| ["pharaoh" line culture of japanese quail cells as a leukosis-free system for virus reproduction]. | contamination of japanese quail, strain pharaoh, cell culture with oncogenous and infectious avian viruses was studied. the susceptibility of the embryonal cell cultures of the japanese quail, strain pharaoh, to measles, parotitis and fixed rabies viruses was also determined. it was found that the sera of pubertal quails had no antibody to rous sarcoma virus (rsv), strains brian, rsv (rav-1), schmidt-ruppin, carr-zilber, as well as to marek's disease and newcastle disease viruses. no reverse tra ... | 1980 | 6251636 |
| adult coturnix quail bronchitis. | quail bronchitis was confirmed by recovery of fowl adenovirus serotype 1 from 2 flocks of adult birds (coturnix coturnix japonica) that were reared commercially for their eggs in the republic of singapore. both flocks were reported to have a fall in egg numbers of 10-15%. the main clinical signs were respiratory distress and soft-shelled and white eggs lacking shell pigmentation. | 1980 | 6254496 |
| [repercussions of prolonged ingestion of dieldrin on digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen balance in the quail]. | the presence of organochlorated pesticides in foods intended for animal and human consumption is on one hand a real fact and on the other hand, it is known that they could alter some enzymes activities and, consequently, modify, at a larger or lesser extent, the metabolic pathways where they are implicated. according to this, it seemed interesting to study the influence of one of such molecules, dieldrin, on nutrients utilization. the work was carried out on adult quails (coturnix coturnix japon ... | 1980 | 6258465 |
| [study of viral contamination of japanese quail and cell cultures from their embryos]. | agents identified as adenovirus celo were isolated from organ suspensions of 1500 japanese quails (jq) in 4 experiments. no contaminating viruses were found in examinations of cell cultures prepared from the kidneys of 80 jq. negative results were obtained in examinations of 163 antigens from jq organs in the cofal test. agents identified as mycoplasma were isolated in 16 cases from 736 specimens of the virus-containing fluid used for manufacture of measles virus. according to the results of the ... | 1981 | 6266156 |
| hemagglutinin responses in japanese quail treated with exogenous adrenocorticotrophin. | injections of exogenous acth in chickens are known to cause immunosuppression provided that acth administration is properly timed with respect to immunization. in random-bred japanese quail, injections of acth at various times both before and after immunization with erythrocyte antigens did not significantly alter antibody responses. this finding was consistent whether the acth was administered over a 4 hr or a 6 day period, and whether sheep or chukar erythrocytes were used as the antigen. | 1981 | 6267576 |
| detection of natural killer cells in japanese quails. | spleen cells of normal quails exhibited cytotoxicity on normal embryo cells as well as on virus- and chemically transformed cells. spleen cells responsible for the destruction of target cells were shown to be non-adherent lymphoid cells which lack surface immunoglobulin and are resistant to the treatment with anti-thymocyte serum and complement. spleen cells of quails which were injected with chicken amniotic fluid (chamf) showed no cytotoxic activity. furthermore, the addition of chamf-treated ... | 1980 | 6270009 |
| the role of nk cells in tumor growth assessed by induction of their suppressor cells in japanese quails. | in japanese quails treated with chicken amniotic fluid (chamf) which had been previously shown to induce suppressor cells to natural killer (nk) cells, tumors appeared with shortened incubation periods after inoculation with schmidt-ruppin strain of rous sarcoma virus (sr-rsv) compared with untreated quails. the tumors in chamf-treated quails subsequently grew in a similar pattern to those in untreated quails, whereas by challenging with a lower dose of the virus, enhanced tumor growth was obser ... | 1981 | 6273620 |
| attenuation of turkey meningo-encephalitis virus in bhk21 cells. | turkey meningo-encephalitis virus was adapted to bhk21 cell culture. cytopathic effects were characterized by rounding and detachment of cells within 48 hours. attenuation was achieved by 41 successive passages in bhk21 cell cultures. turkeys and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), kept under laboratory conditions and inoculated with the attenuated virus, did not develop symptoms of turkey meningo-encephalitis but reacted by the production of haemagglutination inhibition antibody. they ... | 1981 | 6273772 |
| vitamin d activity of different vitamin d3 esters in chicken, japanese quail and in rats. | | 1981 | 6276314 |
| a simple in vitro differentiation between turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. | the growth and plaque formation by turkey herpesvirus (hvt) amd marek's disease herpesvirus (mdhv) were examined in qt35 cells, a continuous fibroblast cell line derived from chemically induced tumors of japanese quail. hvt grew and formed plaques consistently in qt35 cells when inoculated with cell-culture-propagated virus or peripheral mononuclear leukocytes (pml) from chickens that had been inoculated with hvt. both oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of mdhv, however, failed to grow and induc ... | 1981 | 6279072 |
| growth of murine sarcoma and murine xenotropic leukemia viruses in japanese quail: induction of tumors and development of continuous tumor cell lines. | the balb/c murine endogenous xenotropic leukemia virus pseudotype of m1 moloney sarcoma virus [m1msv(b-mux)] was used to productively transform diploid japanese quail embryo cells. the majority of newly hatched quail inoculated with m1msv(b-mux)-transformed quail embryo fibroblast cells rapidly developed tumors which were predominantly locally invasive fibrosarcomas, but metastases were observed in two birds. in two tumor-bearing quail, lymphosarcomas were observed in conjunction with fibrosarco ... | 1982 | 6282443 |
| species differences in the effects of 1,1-di-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethylene (ddmu) and 1,1-di-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene (dde) on glutathione levels in isolated hepatocytes from japanese quail and rat. | 1. hepatocytes have been isolated from adult japanese quail in high yields (26-40 x 10(6) cells/g) with 95% viability. variation in the collagenase and hyaluronidase levels and incubation time used in the isolation procedure affected the yield and viability of the hepatocytes. quail hepatocytes were more stable in a standard nutrient medium than those of the rat. 2 1,1-di-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethylene (ddmu), a metabolite of ddt, depleted quail hepatic gsh levels both in vitro and in vivo, b ... | 1982 | 6293210 |
| host antigens on avian oncoviruses: presence on viruses produced by quail, duck and rat cells of antigens related to membrane antigens of chick embryo fibroblasts and chicken erythrocytes. | avian sarcoma viruses (asv) produced by japanese quail embryo fibroblasts (qef) were inactivated to the same degree as asv produced by chick embryo fibroblasts (cef), with or without complement, by rabbit antisera to cef and to membrane antigens of chick embryo and adult chicken erythrocytes, in particular their unique age-specific antigens. asv produced by duck embryo fibroblasts (def) were only inactivated by the antisera to the chicken erythrocyte antigens. hence, viruses produced by qef and ... | 1982 | 6294234 |
| cytopathic effects and focus formation by reticuloendotheliosis viruses in a quail fibroblast cell line. | the t and cs (chick syncytial) strains of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) induced focus formation and cytonecrotic changes in a japanese quail fibroblast cell line designated qt35. the focus was distinctive and readily discernible, consisting of rounded refractile and larger dark-appearing (syncytia) cells usually aggregated along the periphery of a hole within a focus. the foci and cytopathic effects induced by the two strains of rev were morphologically indistinguishable. the focus formation ... | 1983 | 6303292 |
| failure to demonstrate the stimulative effect of calcitonin on cyclic amp accumulation in avian bone in vitro. | the effect of calcitonin on the metabolism of calcium and cyclic amp in the avian bone was examined in vitro. in the chick embryonic cortical bone, calcitonin affected neither the level of cyclic amp nor the parathyroid hormone-induced stimulation of calcium release from bone. also, the level of cyclic amp in the cortical or medullary bone of japanese quails was not increased by calcitonin. the medullary bone did not respond to calcitonin either in freshly prepared tissue or in tissue cultured f ... | 1981 | 6305644 |
| effector mechanisms against rous sarcomas in quail. | the inhibitory effect on tumor growth of thymus-derived cells in the avian virus system has been demonstrated by several investigators. here we report two kinds of experiments performed to test the role of various potential effector cells in the immune response against rous sarcomas. in vivo experiments in japanese quail using the antimacrophage agent silica implicate the macrophage as a further mechanism in the defense against rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors. induction of a nonspecific inflam ... | 1983 | 6308587 |
| the role of vitamin d in the medullary bone formation in egg-laying japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones. | the effect of vitamin d3 on medullary bone formation was investigated in egg-laying japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones. when laying quail were fed a vitamin d-deficient diet for 16 days, their eggshell weights and egg production rate were markedly reduced in a time-dependent manner with a significant decrease in plasma calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 levels. the calcium content of the medullary bone of femurs decreased markedly with the progress of vitamin d de ... | 1983 | 6311373 |
| changes in testosterone metabolism by the brain and cloacal gland during sexual maturation in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | testosterone metabolism in the brain and pituitary and cloacal glands of male and female japanese quail was studied in vitro during sexual maturation (from 1 day to 5 weeks after hatching). the production of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in the hyperstriatum and cloacal gland and that of androstenedione in the cloacal gland of males was highest at 1 day after hatching, which could be related to the peak of plasma androgens previously demonstrated in neonatal quail. 5 beta-reductase activity was ve ... | 1984 | 6317782 |
| grouping in japanese quail 2. suppression of humoral immunity. | four-week-old japanese quail were placed in either stable (isolate) or unstable (resident-visitor) groupings in this study. the visitor quail were transferred daily to cages containing unfamiliar residents, and the isolate quail were handled daily. the immune responsiveness to sheep red blood cells (srbc), as indicated by production of hemagglutinins of the visitors and residents, was significantly less than that of the isolates, and the visitors were found to have less antibody than the residen ... | 1983 | 6322149 |
| the role of mesenchyme in embryonic long bones as early deposition site for osteoclast progenitor cells. | metatarsal bone rudiments taken from 12- to 17-day-old mouse embryos were cultivated as organ cultures and/or transplanted on to the chorioallantoic membranes of japanese quail embryos, with or without the adhering surrounding mesenchyme. in cultivated explants the presence of mesenchyme was essential for the development of osteoclasts. this mesenchyme contained small blood vessels. in transplants with adhering mesenchyme, graft (mouse)-derived osteoclasts predominated, whereas in transplants wi ... | 1983 | 6337888 |
| septicemic proteus infection in japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica). | proteus infection was incriminated as the cause of severe depression, coma, and high mortality in successive broods of quail chicks. the pathological lesions comprised congestion of lungs, liver, and kidneys and mucus exudation in the trachea. the organism, isolated from the heart blood and lungs of affected chicks, was identified on biochemical tests as proteus mirabilis. pathogenicity of the isolate was tested in young albino mice and week-old quail chicks, which succumbed to infection within ... | 1983 | 6342594 |
| isolation and identification of the third component of complement of japanese quails. | the identification of the third component of complement (c3) of japanese quails was attempted by using rabbit antiserum prepared against quail serum-treated zymosan (zx) as an initial reagent. this antiserum (anti-zx) had agglutinating activity on rabbit erythrocytes reacted with quail antibody and quail complement (eacq) but not on eaq, and developed two precipitin lines against quail serum at beta- and gamma-regions in crossed immunoelectrophoresis. subsequently, monospecific antisera to each ... | 1983 | 6343485 |
| mitochondrial-reticular cytostructure in liver cells. | this study examines the structural relationship of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum in liver. livers of rat and japanese quail were homogenized and fractionated in media of 0.25 m-sucrose, either 5mm or 50 mm in sodium hepes [4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine-ethanesulphonic acid], ph 7.4 (2.2 mm or 22 mm in na respectively), designated here as low- and high-salt media. three particulate fractions were prepared by sequential centrifugation. a nuclear pellet sedimenting at 300 g was obtai ... | 1983 | 6354178 |
| comparison of plasma thyroxine levels following short exposure to cold and trh administration in intact and pituitary autografted quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the thyrotropic functional abilities of ectopically transplanted anterior pituitaries were tested by subjecting quail bearing their adenohypophysis in juxtarenal position either to a short cold exposure or to an intravenous injection of trh. thyroxine was determined in plasma samples collected from 20 to 120 min after treatment. intact birds exhibited increasing t4 levels up to a peak at 40 min, then decreasing slowly within 2 hr after either cold or trh stimulation. autografted birds exhibited ... | 1983 | 6402416 |
| atherosclerosis in japanese quail and the effect of lipoic acid. | the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) is a useful laboratory animal for the study of atherosclerosis. it is small, omnivorous, easy to maintain, and susceptible to either spontaneous or cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis, and it has a low feed consumption and short life cycle. it develops atheromatous lesions with the characteristic lipid deposition and myofibroblastic proliferation in the aorta and sometimes in the coronary artery. japanese quail can be genetically bred into lines hi ... | 1983 | 6404656 |
| experimental infections of birds with turlock virus. | two experiments were conducted with five gallinaceous and one passerine bird species to determine their responses to turlock (tur) virus inoculations. inoculation of tur strain 847-32 into bobwhites, chukars, ring-necked pheasants, chickens, and japanese quail did not product detectable viremias. the first four species, however, did respond with neutralizing antibody. inoculation of chickens with strain 69v-1095 resulted in a viremia which lasted 5 days and had a peak mean titer of 2.0 log 10 pf ... | 1983 | 6411942 |
| sexual differences in the japanese quail: behavior, morphology, and intracellular metabolism of testosterone. | three experiments were carried out to study whether differences in the intracellular metabolism of testosterone (t) can explain sexually differential responses to t in japanese quail. in the first experiment, a series of dose-response curves in which length of silastic testosterone implants was related to effects on several behavioral and physiological variables was established. in experiment 2, adult males and females were assigned to six experimental groups: intact males and females (i-males a ... | 1983 | 6413294 |
| secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in castrated golden hamsters during exposure to various photoperiods and to natural daylengths. | golden hamsters were castrated and either maintained under short days of 9 h light and 15 h darkness (9l : 15d) or transferred to 12l : 12d, 13l : 11d or 16l : 8d. plasma concentrations of fsh and lh remained low under 9l : 15d and 12l : 12d for 6-8 weeks but rose markedly within 4 weeks under 13l : 11d and 16l : 8d, suggesting a more abrupt transition between non-stimulatory and maximally stimulatory photoperiods than found in japanese quail. intact and castrated hamsters were exposed to natura ... | 1983 | 6417257 |
| responses to thyrotropin during development in japanese quail. | japanese quail, a species with a precocial pattern of development, were used as a model for studying the ontogeny of thyroid responses to tsh. thiourea was administered to embryos early in incubation, and the effects were assessed by measuring thyroid 32p uptake, serum thyroid hormones, thyroid weights, and body weights. thyroid stimulation after thiourea treatment indicated that maturation of thyroid-pituitary negative feedback occurs between days 9 and 10 of the 16.5-day incubation period. sin ... | 1984 | 6423370 |
| [microheterogeneity of tubulin in the central nervous system of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | tubulin from the central nervous system of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. either in soluble extracts or in tubulin enriched fractions, tubulin of forebrain, cerebellum and spinal cord is resolved into 3 components alpha, beta' and beta, characterized by their electrophoretic coordinates (alpha: pi = 5.4, mw = 54 kd, beta: pi = 5.2, mw = 52 kd; beta': pi = de mapping, by comparison with mouse brain alpha, beta and beta'-tubulin componen ... | 1984 | 6432229 |
| the postnatal demasculinization of sexual behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | three experiments were performed to analyze the time course of demasculinization in the japanese quail and to test the activating and organizing effects of estradiol (e2) in adult sexually active birds. in experiment 1, males and females were castrated at the age of 1 day or 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks and treated as adults with testosterone (t). the age of castration had no effect on behavior and morphology in males. plasma gonadotrophins (lh and fsh) were, however, higher in males castrated at or bef ... | 1984 | 6436161 |
| induction and characterization of splenic suppressor cells directed to natural killer cells in japanese quails. | intravenous inoculation of chicken amniotic fluid (chamf) markedly reduced natural killer (nk) cell activity of spleen cells from japanese quails. the reduction of nk activity was mediated by non-adherent thymus-dependent lymphoid cells which were resistant to treatment with anti-immunoglobulin serum and sensitive to treatment with anti-thymocyte serum in the presence of complement. the suppressing activity was selectively directed to nk cells, since rous sarcoma virus-specific cytotoxicity or h ... | 1981 | 6458715 |
| histopathological changes of the retina and optic nerve in the albino mutant quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | histopathological changes in the retina and optic nerve in imperfect albino mutant quails with a sex-linked recessive gene were studied ontogenetically. the mutant quail showed eye enlargement 3 months after hatching. the eyes exhibited hazy corneas, lens opacities and deep anterior chambers at 18 months of age. some ganglion cells in the retina and axons in the optic disc began to degenerate 6 months after hatching. there were many deformed or fragmented ganglion cells at 12 months of age, and ... | 1984 | 6470227 |
| immunological traits in generations 7 to 12 of two lines of japanese quail selected for high or low antibody response to newcastle disease virus. | several immunological traits were compared in lines of japanese quail selected for high and low secondary immune responses to anti-newcastle disease virus (ndv). the high line of quail, selected for high ability to produce antibodies, was more responsive in both their primary response to ndv antigen used in the selection as well as to other antigens used in selection process including ndv (ishi strain), tissue culture-derived newcastle disease (tcnd strain), ndv strain b1, influenza virus, sheep ... | 1984 | 6473242 |
| regressive post-hatching development of acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons in the pineal organs of coturnix coturnix japonica and gallus gallus. | distribution and number of acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons were studied in the japanese quail and the domestic fowl during the post-hatching period by means of the acetylcholinesterase method. for comparison, the development of the catecholamine-containing (sympathetic) pinealopetal fibers of the domestic fowl was demonstrated with the use of the glyoxylic acid method. the number of acetylcholinesterase-positive ganglion cells in the pineal organs of both avian species decreased rapidly af ... | 1984 | 6478494 |
| free thyroid hormones in altricial (ring doves) versus precocial (japanese quail) development. | ring doves (altricial development) and japanese quail (precocial development) were used as models to compare differences in serum free hormone concentrations and the binding of thyroid hormones to serum protein fractions in adults, and the pattern of free thyroid hormones in the serum of altricial vs. precocial young. total and free hormones were determined directly by ria; free hormones also were determined by equilibrium dialysis. binding protein fractions were identified by electrophoresis of ... | 1984 | 6499764 |
| absence of biological effects of oxidized parathyroid hormone-(1-34) in dogs and rats. | recent studies have shown that oxidation of bovine pth-(1-34) [bpth-(1-34)] with h2o2 abolished the vascular effects of pth in rats and dogs, but the hypercalcemic effect of the oxidized pth was preserved in the japanese quail in vivo. these observations seem at variance with previous studies from our laboratory in the isolated perfused canine tibia preparation in which no uptake of immunoreactive pth or stimulation of camp release was demonstrated during infusion of oxidized bpth-(1-34). the pr ... | 1984 | 6499771 |
| molecular characterization of fetal antigens on red blood cells of chickens, japanese quail, and quail-chicken hybrids. | the molecular nature of chicken fetal antigen (cfa) and quail fetal antigen (qfa) was studied on embryonic red blood cells (rbcs) of the chicken, the japanese quail, and the quail-chicken hybrid. specific immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled membrane proteins followed by electrophoretic separation and autoradiography were used to identify the protein molecules carrying these fetal antigens. cfa was found on molecules of 24, 50, 88, 99, 130, 170, and 220 kd (kilodaltons) in the chicken and hybrid ... | 1984 | 6517850 |
| testosterone metabolism and testosterone-dependent characteristics in japanese quail. | in 2 independent experiments, we measured and correlated in maturing male japanese quail the individual variations in sexual and aggressive behavior, cloacal gland size, testes weight, plasma testosterone concentrations and intracellular testosterone metabolism by hypothalamus and cloacal gland. cloacal gland area was only weakly related to plasma testosterone levels but was positively correlated with the production of active androgenic metabolites and negatively related to the production of 5 b ... | 1984 | 6522501 |
| cholesterol blocks the disordering effects of ethanol in biomembranes. | to assess the relation between the physical order of a membrane and its sensitivity to ethanol, we enriched biomembranes with cholesterol, both in vivo and in vitro. japanese quail of the sea line (selectively bred for susceptibility to experimental atherosclerosis) were treated for 9 to 16 weeks with a diet that contained 2% cholesterol. this regimen increased the cholesterol content of serum and erythrocytes. the cholesterol content of brain synaptosomal plasma membranes (spm) was unaffected b ... | 1984 | 6527612 |
| take and growth of the transplantable mc29 hepatoma in allogeneic and xenogeneic hosts. | we report here the unexpected biological behaviour of the transplantable mc29 virus-induced hepatoma. this neoplasm, originating from an inbred white leghorn (duke) chicken, is maintained in our laboratory by serial in vivo passages in hunnia hybrid chickens allogeneic to the original host. more than 80% of the tumours developing after subcutaneous inoculation of 3 x 10(6) hepatoma cells into newly hatched chickens grew progressively, while after injection of the same number of cells into 7 days ... | 1984 | 6536145 |
| differences in the distribution of methyl mercury in erythrocytes, plasma, and brain of japanese quails and rats after a single oral dose. | distribution of a single oral dose of methyl mercury (10 mg hg/kg body weight) was followed from 90 min up to 120 h in plasma, erythrocytes, and brain of japanese quails and rats. significantly higher hg concentrations were observed in plasma and brain of quails and red blood cells of rats. blood/brain ratio decreased in quails from 6 to 2 at 24 h and 120 h respectively, whereas it increased in rats. erythrocyte/plasma ratio in quails was about three times lower and averaged 54. the differences ... | 1984 | 6543423 |
| biological activity of glycosides of vitamin d3 and 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin d3. | for the first time, the biological activity of the newly synthesized glycosides of vitamin d3 and of 1 alpha(oh)d3 has been studied in rats, chickens, and japanese quails. glucosidation did not reduce the activity of vitamin d3. in chickens, vitamin d3 glucoside has an activity of 90% to 95% as compared to the aglycon. in rats vitamin d3 glucoside is equally active when given by intravenous or oral route. glycosides of 1 alpha (oh)d3, however, show a lower activity in rats, chickens, and quails. ... | 1984 | 6547411 |
| quail fetal antigen (qfa): identification and comparison with chicken fetal antigen. | quail fetal antigen (qfa), an analogous hematopoietic antigen to chicken fetal antigen (cfa), was identified and shown to be a developmental antigen on the blood cells of japanese quail and other avian species. rabbit antiserum against 14-day embryonic quail red blood cells (rbcs) was specifically adsorbed to achieve fetal specificity and to eliminate any cross reactivity with the cfa system. complement-mediated microcytotoxicity and hemagglutination assays were used to detect the presence of qf ... | 1983 | 6575925 |
| generalized glycogen storage disease in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | two japanese quail which were incapable of wing movement and three normal quail were examined by histological and ultrastructural methods. the diseased birds had glycogen deposits in their skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord. according to the distribution of the lesions and the characteristics of the deposited glycogen, the diseased birds had glycogenosis which was analogous to type ii found in man. the usefulness of this disease as a mode ... | 1983 | 6576505 |
| comparative penetration of insecticides in target and non-target species. | dermal penetration of 14c-labeled carbaryl, parathion, ddt, dieldrin and permethrin was compared in american roaches, tobacco hornworms, japanese quail, grass frogs and mice. insecticides were absorbed more quickly in mice (one exception) while entry into insects was generally slow. the half time penetration rates for carbaryl ranged from 6 min for frogs to 4600 min for roaches. whereas permethrin penetrated easily into insects, other insecticides showed generally slower penetration into target ... | 1983 | 6603345 |
| differential sensitivity to the delayed neurotoxin tri-o-tolyl phosphate in several avian species. | adult white leghorn chickens, ring-necked pheasants, mallards, bobwhites, and japanese quail were administered single oral doses of tri-o-tolyl phosphate (totp) at levels of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. corn oil served as the vehicle control. at 24 h after dosing, half the birds from each group were killed for determination of whole-brain neurotoxic esterase (nte) activity. the remaining birds were maintained for 21 d. daily observations for the development of clinical signs typica ... | 1983 | 6620421 |
| testosterone stimulation of dna-dependent dna polymerase activities in the cloacal and uropygial glands of the male quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | dna polymerase alpha and beta activities were studied and compared in the cloacal gland and the uropygial gland (sebaceous-like gland) taken from castrated quails after testosterone administration. in the cloacal gland, testosterone induced an important increase in dna polymerase alpha while dna polymerase beta was not found to be altered. in the uropygial gland, testosterone induced a cyclic variation of dna polymerase alpha activity which may relate to the holocrine function of this gland. | 1983 | 6628976 |
| lead-induced egg production decrease in leghorn and japanese quail hens. | a study was conducted to compare the response of chicken hens and japanese quail hens to various levels of dietary lead as plumbus acetate. egg production was decreased significantly in quail receiving 1 mg lead/kg of diet from day of hatch, and 10 mg lead/kg diet was required to suppress egg production when the metal was given to the quail hens after they had reached sexual maturity. in chicken hens given lead after they had attained approximately 80% hen-day production, a comparable decline in ... | 1983 | 6634605 |
| testosterone aromatization in high and low mating lines of gallinaceous birds. | capons from high (hml) and low (lml) mating lines of japanese quail and chickens received testosterone propionate, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-dht) or estradiol benzoate injections after which copulatory behavior was observed during exposure to live females and to a female model. with live females, the testosterone-treated hml capons mated significantly more than the other hml groups. all lml capons mated infrequently and at comparable levels. when tested with the model, estrogen-treate ... | 1983 | 6634983 |