| prophylactic effects of silver nitrate and erythromycin on chlamydia psittaci conjunctivitis. | an animal model has been developed to study the effects of various prophylaxis agents on acquisition of chlamydial conjunctivitis. when hartley strain newborn guinea pigs received ocular inoculations of chlamydia psittaci followed by the instillation of various agents, 1% agno3 significantly lowered the risk of developing chlamydial conjunctivitis if it was administered within 15 min after the inoculation with c. psittaci. however, if the agno3 was administered at either 1 hr or 2 hr following i ... | 1987 | 3623840 |
| dominance of chlamydia psittaci-specific igg2 subclass in the humoral immune responses of naturally and experimentally infected cattle. | indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were applied to differentiate chlamydia (c.) psittaci-specific igg1 and igg2 levels in 143 individual serum samples from cattle with naturally occurring chlamydial infections and in 190 sequential serum samples from 26 experimentally infected pregnant cows, calves, and a bull. the mean igg1:igg2 ratio of naturally infected cattle was 1:4 indicating a significant (p less than 0.001) igg2 dominance. similar ratios were detected in the experimentally infe ... | 1987 | 3629940 |
| [severe pneumopathy and acute renal insufficiency disclosing chlamydia psittaci infection: resistance to the treatment with erythromycin]. | the authors report one case of psittacosis with acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute tubulo-interstitial nephropathy and jaundice. erythromycin therapy was uneffective but recovery was obtained with minocycline and rifampicin treatment. early diagnosis of chlamydia psittaci infection is mandatory in order to prevent severe complications and to institute appropriate antimicrobial therapy. | 1987 | 3631830 |
| nonoxidative antimicrobial effects of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte granule proteins on chlamydia spp. in vitro. | proteins from isolated granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were assessed for their nonoxidative microbicidal effect on chlamydiae by two different methods: a radioisotope assay for elementary body integrity and a biological assay for inclusion development. crude granule extract, which consisted of a mixture of all granule proteins, caused a 20 to 30% decrease in infectivity and a 52% decrease in infectivity when incubated with chlamydia psittaci cal-10 and chlamydia trachomatis serova ... | 1987 | 3653985 |
| regulation of chlamydia psittaci (strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis) growth in mccoy cells by amino acid antagonism. | chlamydiae have amino acid requirements for growth in tissue culture as defined by those amino acids whose individual omission from the growth medium prevents chlamydial multiplication. we have tested the hypothesis that this inhibition of growth arises as a result of antagonism between particular amino acids such that inhibition occurs when the concentration of one amino acid is reduced in the presence of the antagonist amino acid at high concentration. using the chlamydia psittaci strain guine ... | 1987 | 3655729 |
| analysis of caprine igg1 and igg2 subclass responses to chlamydia psittaci infection and vaccination. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) specific for caprine igg(h+l), igg1 and igg2 were developed and evaluated for serodiagnosis of chlamydia psittaci infections in a tunisian goat flock with currently occurring chlamydial abortions and a clinically inapparent goat flock of an animal research facility. additionally, elisas were applied to record the igg1 and igg2 dynamics of four goats vaccinated with inactivated chlamydia psittaci and coxiella burnetii. for screening purposes, the igg(h+ ... | 1987 | 3660580 |
| the low-molecular-mass, cysteine-rich outer membrane protein of chlamydia trachomatis possesses both biovar- and species-specific epitopes. | we isolated, by hydroxylapatite high-performance liquid chromatography, 14- and 15-kilodalton (kda), cysteine-rich outer membrane proteins from chlamydia trachomatis tw-5/ot (serovar b) and lgv-434 (serovar l2), respectively. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against the purified proteins, and their specificities were determined by immunoblotting. mab b-14k recognized an epitope located on the 14-kda cysteine-rich protein of the tw-5/ot strain and was immunoreactive with a comigrating ... | 1987 | 3666953 |
| effect of vaccination on feline chlamydia psittaci infection. | experimental ocular infection of specific-pathogen-free cats with the feline pneumonitis strain of chlamydia psittaci produced an acute, severe conjunctivitis characterized by blepharospasm, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, and ocular discharge. organisms were recovered from the conjunctiva for several weeks, and persistent genital and gastrointestinal infection also resulted from the ocular infection in some cats. subcutaneous vaccination with live feline pneumonitis c. psittaci 4 weeks before ... | 1987 | 3666957 |
| monoclonal antibody typing of chlamydia psittaci strains derived from avian and mammalian species. | a total of 77 chlamydia psittaci strains of avian, human, and mammalian origin were grouped into four serovars with 11 monoclonal antibodies recognizing the lipopolysaccharide and the major outer membrane protein antigens. the avian and human strains, which were closely related to each other, were distinct from the mammalian strains. immunological typing of c. psittaci with monoclonal antibodies seems practical. | 1987 | 3667918 |
| prevalence of chlamydia, toxoplasma, toxocara and ringworm in farm cats in south-west england. | the prevalence of infection with chlamydia psittaci, toxoplasma gondii, toxocara cati and microsporum canis was examined in 51 cats on 22 sheep farms in the bristol area. serum antibody to c psittaci and t gondii was present in 45 per cent and 47 per cent of cats, respectively. at the time of sampling c psittaci was isolated from 6 per cent of the cats, t cati was identified in 63 per cent of faecal samples but neither t gondii nor m canis was isolated. when examined according to the farm of ori ... | 1987 | 3672827 |
| survey for antibodies to chlamydia psittaci in cattle in hokkaido. | | 1987 | 3682527 |
| psittacosis in the rsa. | patients usually provisionally diagnosed as having typhoid fever or pneumonia are regularly admitted to the rietfontein fever hospital suffering from psittacosis. the main symptoms are intense headache, chills and fever and an irritating non-productive cough. later most patients develop signs of pneumonitis most clearly seen on radiographic examination. an important clue to the diagnosis is a history of contact with birds, most often budgerigars and more recently cockatiels. the diagnosis may be ... | 1986 | 3704861 |
| ovine enzootic abortion: field observations on naturally acquired and vaccine-elicited delayed type hypersensitivity to chlamydia psittaci (ovis). | | 1986 | 3705370 |
| interaction between chlamydia spp. and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro. | chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies (eb) incubated in the presence of complement or specific antibody or both caused chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) in vitro. reticulate bodies and culture supernatants had no effect on these cells. the ability of chlamydiae to enter and survive in pmn under nonopsonizing conditions was investigated by measuring the association of 3h-labeled eb and of inclusion-forming units with these phagocytes. both assays indi ... | 1986 | 3710578 |
| a new chlamydia psittaci strain, twar, isolated in acute respiratory tract infections. | during a 2 1/2-year period, we studied 386 university of washington students with acute respiratory disease, to determine whether a chlamydia psittaci strain, here designated twar, is an important respiratory pathogen. serologic evidence of recent twar infection was found in 13 students, and the organism was isolated from 8 of these. twar infection occurred in 12 percent of the students who had pneumonia (9 of 76), 5 percent of those with bronchitis (3 of 63), and 1 percent of those with pharyng ... | 1986 | 3724806 |
| chlamydia psittaci--"reemergence" of a forgotten pathogen. | | 1986 | 3724807 |
| [diagnostic value of serological and bacteriological methods in sheep affected with s. abortus-ovis and chlamydia psittaci var. ovis infections]. | it was found that the shedding of salmonella organisms by sheep with salmonella abortions was most active during the first fifteen days following abortions or lambing. in sheep affected with a mixed salmonella abortus ovis and chlamydia psittaci var. ovis infection this period was longer (about 30 days). the excretion of salmonella organisms was more strongly manifested with the vaginal discharge than with the feces, urine, and milk. no correlation was established between the titer value of the ... | 1986 | 3727383 |
| chlamydia psittaci latex agglutination antigen for rapid detection of antibody activity in avian sera: comparison with direct complement fixation and isolation results. | cell-culture-grown chlamydia psittaci of turkey origin was treated with phenol and partially purified by differential centrifugation. the most stable antigen/latex mixture occurred with crude antigen precipitated by dimethyl sulfoxide and digested with trypsin. agglutination reactions occurred within 2 minutes when antigen/latex and antibody-positive serum mixtures were rotated to facilitate contact of the reagents. nonspecific agglutination of control latex occurred with 1.2% of clinical sera. ... | 1986 | 3729870 |
| [hepatic manifestations of psittacosis]. | a moderate increase in transaminases and alkaline phosphatase serum concentrations was observed in 14 of 32 patients with psittacosis (antibodies anti-chlamydia psittaci greater than or equal to 1/40 with the complement fixation test). clinical manifestations were present in 4 patients (hepatomegaly in 4 cases; jaundice in one case). in one patient, histological examination of a liver specimen showed granuloma. in 13 patients treated with tetracycline or macrolides, the outcome was favorable. on ... | 1986 | 3732734 |
| chlamydiosis in birds in great britain. 1. serological reactions to chlamydia in birds sampled between 1974 and 1983. | a total of 6593 serum samples from birds, received for diagnostic testing or surveys between 1974 and 1983, were titrated by direct complement fixation (cf) test against chlamydia psittaci antigen. the percentage of positive reactions found was variable for domestic poultry, ranging from 1.5 in chickens to 22.2 in geese, and was highest in pigeons columba livia (47.3) and collared doves streptopelia decaocto (51.4). a moderate incidence was found for game birds (29.0), wild ducks (23.3) and impo ... | 1986 | 3734430 |
| chlamydiosis in birds in great britain. 2. isolations of chlamydia psittaci from birds sampled between 1976 and 1984. | a total of 1531 diagnostic submissions from birds were examined by culture for the presence of chlamydia psittaci between june 1976 and december 1984 by growth in nctc 929 clone l mouse fibroblast cells, pretreated with an inhibitor of cell division, followed by direct immunofluorescence microscopy. of these, 196 were found positive. the continued importance of psittacine birds as potential sources of infection was shown by the high number of positives (139) obtained from birds of that order. th ... | 1986 | 3734431 |
| rapid detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal swabs of aborted ewes and goats by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal swabs of aborted ewes and goats has been developed using microtiter plates coated with sheep anti-chlamydia immunoglobulin g. this technique was compared to the direct isolation of the agent by plaque assay on mccoy cells. among 89 specimens from animals in infected flocks, 58 were positive by both methods, seven were only positive by elisa, and nine others were only positive by direct isolation (plaq ... | 1986 | 3739210 |
| distinguishing between ovine abortion and ovine arthritis chlamydia psittaci isolates with specific monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies to chlamydia psittaci were prepared by both in vivo and in vitro immunization methods, using an abortion strain of c psittaci as the immunizing antigen. seven of the 8 monoclonal antibodies produced were genus-specific by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence test. the genus-specific antibodies were reactive with a protease-resistant, periodate-sensitive antigen of less than 14 kilodaltons. the remaining monoclonal antibody, 10d7, was specific for ovi ... | 1986 | 3740621 |
| potential subtypes of chlamydia psittaci based on effects of cortisone with cytochalasin b or cycloheximide. | strains of chlamydia psittaci were differentiated as to their biological characteristics using growth in vero cells. these host cells were chlamydial infected without centrifugation, but treated with either cortisone and cytochalasin b or cortisone and cycloheximide. the criterion was the time of 100% cytopathic effect and specific sloughing, accompanied by the maximum infectivity of c. psittaci. possible subtypic characteristics were determined for three avian strains. | 1986 | 3742349 |
| intracerebral infection of mice with ovine strains of chlamydia psittaci: an animal screening test for the assay of vaccines. | intracerebral inoculation of mice with the a22 strain of ovine c. psittaci gave a reproducible non-lethal infection; multiplication of the inoculum could be quantitated by titration of mouse brain extracts in tissue culture. mice which had recovered from infection, or which had been inoculated subcutaneously with living organisms of a22 strain, showed solid resistance to intracerebral challenge infection. however, subcutaneous inoculation of formalin-inactivated chlamydia showed little protectiv ... | 1986 | 3760263 |
| wild-pigeon-related psittacosis in a family. | three members of a family acquired psittacosis after exposure to a wild pigeon. each of the patients had pulmonary infiltrates, prominent headache, abdominal complaints, and serologic evidence for infection with chlamydia psittaci. of 759 cases of psittacosis reported to the centers for disease control for the period of 1974 to 1981, some 75 (10 percent) were associated with pigeons. fifty-two of the cases were associated with domestic pigeons and 23 with wild pigeons. pigeons represent a largel ... | 1986 | 3769573 |
| chemical, biological, and immunochemical properties of the chlamydia psittaci lipopolysaccharide. | the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of chlamydia psittaci was extracted from yolk sac-grown elementary bodies, purified, and characterized chemically, immunochemically, and biologically. the lps contained d-galactosamine, d-glucosamine, phosphorus, long-chain fatty acids, and 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid in the molar ratio of approximately 1:2:2:6:5. the antigenic properties of the isolated lps were compared with those of the lps from chlamydia trachomatis and salmonella minnesota re by the passi ... | 1986 | 3770953 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from the respiratory tract and conjunctivae of thoroughbred horses. | | 1986 | 3776033 |
| comparison of the virulence in mice of some ovine isolates of chlamydia psittaci. | virulence associated with five ovine isolates of chlamydia psittaci was compared using a mouse model. comparable doses of each isolate were inoculated via the footpad into separate groups of 6-week-old mice. four isolates from abortion were judged more virulent than an isolate from arthritis because of their ability to migrate from the site of infection to the spleen. similar results were obtained using three different mouse strains. re-isolation of c. psittaci indicated variation in susceptibil ... | 1986 | 3776092 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from an aborted bovine foetus. | | 1986 | 3778376 |
| evaluation of a monoclonal antibody based elisa for detection of feline chlamydia psittaci. | a commercially available elisa designed for the detection of c trachomatis in human urogenital specimens was compared with cell culture for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in cat conjunctival swabs and in twofold dilutions of a cell culture pool of a feline strain of c psittaci. cell culture was more sensitive than the elisa test for detection of c psittaci. | 1986 | 3788002 |
| subacute thyroiditis associated with chlamydia psittaci infection. | | 1986 | 3797361 |
| chlamydia psittaci: inclusion morphology in cell culture and virulence in mice of ovine isolates. | | 1986 | 3798694 |
| response of goats to vaccination with temperature-sensitive mutants of chlamydia psittaci obtained by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. | two temperature-sensitive strains of ovine chlamydia psittaci, 1b and 1h, obtained by mutagenesis were used as live-organism vaccines; 31 goats were given 4 x 10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) of strain 1b, and 31 were given 5 x 10(6) pfu of strain 1h 2 months before they were bred. the consequences of the vaccination of the goats were studied during pregnancy by recording complement-fixation antibody titer, chlamydial excretion, and kidding performances and were compared with those of goats inoc ... | 1986 | 3800123 |
| successful treatment by doxycycline of endocarditis caused by ornithosis. | the case of a 59 year old man with ornithosis endocarditis and a history of contact with pheasants is reported. treatment with oxytetracycline was not tolerated and so doxycycline was substituted. over the two year follow up the patient's clinical condition and serial echocardiographic appearances improved and chlamydia psittaci complement fixation titres returned to normal. valve replacement was not required. | 1987 | 3801260 |
| [intensity of the epizootic process in sheep infected with s. abortus ovis and chlamydia psittaci var. ovis]. | an attempt was made to analyze comparatively the intensity of the epizootic process in young female sheep, ewes (second pregnancy, with no records of abortions in their first pregnancy) and their lambs either with an infection of salmonella abortus ovis only or with a mixed infection of s. abortus ovis and chlamydia psittaci var. ovis. this was reached through following up and studying the parameters morbidity, mortality, lethality, index of infectedness, index of deadlines, and fertility. it wa ... | 1986 | 3811213 |
| [field study on the development of resistance of chlamydia psittaci to tetracyclines]. | | 1986 | 3814070 |
| [ocular findings in chlamydia psittaci-induced keratoconjunctivitis in the human]. | | 1986 | 3817682 |
| diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibodies to pneumococcal hemolysin (pneumolysin). | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with a highly purified pneumolysin as the antigen was evaluated for serological diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. one hundred four healthy controls were tested, and the specificity of the test was set to 95%. in samples from patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, 82% (18 of 22) were positive, i.e., at least one serum sample had a titer above the upper normal limit or at least a twofold rise in antibody titers was noted. in nonbacteremic p ... | 1987 | 3818919 |
| the spectrum of pneumonia in 1983 at the riyadh armed forces hospital. | the agents causing pneumonia have been assessed in 112 adult patients admitted to the armed forces hospital in riyadh during a period of one year: pathogens were identified in 78 patients (69.6%). sputum culture produced a significant isolate in 60 patients (53.5%), and in 17 (15.2%) the causative agent was suggested by serological tests. streptococcus pneumonia was the commonest infecting agent (21.4%). pneumonia due to mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed in eight patients, to mycoplasma p ... | 1987 | 3819456 |
| atypical community-acquired pneumonia: concurrent infection with chlamydia psittaci and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | we have presented a case of combined pulmonary infection with chlamydia psittaci and mycobacterium tuberculosis, both documented by culture of lymph nodes and respiratory secretions. we describe it not only as an unusual occurrence, but also to illustrate the importance of a systematic and thorough diagnostic approach to every case of pneumonia. | 1987 | 3824037 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from commercial broiler chickens. | | 1986 | 3827778 |
| influence of cysteine deprivation on chlamydial differentiation from reproductive to infective life-cycle forms. | the effects of omission of individual amino acids from growth medium on the differentiation of chlamydia trachomatis dk-20 (serotype e) during infection of cycloheximide-treated mccoy cells are described. as judged by inclusion body staining with acridine orange, omission of cysteine from the medium severely retarded differentiation of reproductive reticulate body (rb) to infective elementary body (eb) forms. the effect appeared specific to cysteine in that omission of other amino acids had litt ... | 1985 | 3831232 |
| duck hepatitis virus and chlamydia psittaci outbreak. | | 1985 | 3872526 |
| in vitro expression of factor-mediated cytotoxic activity generated during the immune response to chlamydia in the mouse. | supernatant fluid (sf) prepared by mitogen incubation of spleen cells from a/j mice previously immunized against lethal challenge by the 6bc strain of chlamydia psittaci was cytotoxic for mouse fibroblasts (l cells) infected with 6bc, as detected by the [3h]thymidine release assay and the trypan blue exclusion test. in contrast, sf prepared from spleen cells taken from unimmunized animals (controls) was not cytotoxic when added to infected l cells. no cytotoxicity was observed when sf was added ... | 1985 | 3872911 |
| "contribution to the question of pneumotyphus": a discussion of the original article by j. ritter in 1880. | in 1880, dr. j. ritter wrote a classic infectious disease article (originally in german) on psittacosis entitled, "contribution to the question of pneumotyphus." in this article, ritter meticulously describes a mini-epidemic--in which three individuals died--of seven cases of psittacosis caused by parrots and finches caged in the study of his brother's house in uster, switzerland. ritter accurately identified the study as the site of the source of infection, considered the birds as vectors, and ... | 1985 | 3885364 |
| comparative titers of egg assay against immunofluorescent assay of chlamydia psittaci. | a comparison of titers was made between an egg assay and a direct fluorescent antibody assay of three chlamydial strains propagated in vero cells with and without cortisone plus cytochalasin b. the titer of nj-1 strain was similar in the egg titration and the fluorescent antibody assay in the untreated sample and a little lower for the sample treated with cytochalasin b and cortisone. the sct and cdc strains had approximately the same titers in the egg titration and the fluorescent antibody assa ... | 1985 | 3886106 |
| an epidemic of mild pneumonia due to an unusual strain of chlamydia psittaci. | an epidemic of mild pneumonia was discovered during a chest radiographic survey of adolescents and young adults in two communities 110 kilometers apart in northern finland. antibodies to chlamydial antigens were found in 32 of 34 persons with pneumonitis. microimmunofluorescence antibody tests suggest that the etiologic agent is closely related or identical to tw-183, an unusual strain of chlamydia psittaci isolated from the eye of a child in taiwan. the point prevalence of pneumonitis with anti ... | 1985 | 3886806 |
| direct immunoperoxidase method for demonstrating chlamydia psittaci in tissue sections. | | 1985 | 3891793 |
| antigenic diversity of chlamydia psittaci of mammalian origin determined by microimmunofluorescence. | a group of twenty-five isolates of chlamydia psittaci representing at least seven different biotypes of bovine, ovine, caprine, equine, feline, porcine, and guinea pig origin were immunotyped by an indirect microimmunofluorescence test. different groups of chlamydia-free balb/c mice received two weekly intravenous inoculations with chicken embryo-propagated, partially purified elementary bodies of each strain. antisera for immunotyping were collected 4 days after the first inoculation and 3 to 4 ... | 1985 | 3905618 |
| chlamydial infections. | chlamydiae are small bacteria that have a unique life cycle. there are two species, chlamydia psittaci and c. trachomatis, which cause a wide spectrum of clinical disease, including neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia, sexually transmitted disease, psittacosis, and trachoma. the importance of chlamydial disease in public health is being increasingly recognized, and the incidence in developed countries seems to be increasing. an understanding of chlamydial disease, its prevention and treatment, ... | 1985 | 3909858 |
| chlamydia immunoreactivity in birds with psittacosis: localization of chlamydiae by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. | diagnosis of psittacosis (infection with chlamydia psittaci) has traditionally been dependent upon culture or demonstration of chlamydiae in tissues by cytochemical stains such as the gimenez or macchiavello's stain. in this study, a peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) technique that employs a commercially available monoclonal antibody directed against chlamydia is used to demonstrate chlamydiae in the necropsy tissues of nine birds. chlamydiae were identified in air sacs (83%), liver (78%), spleen ... | 1985 | 3914270 |
| abortion due to infection with chlamydia psittaci in a sheep farmer's wife. | a farmer's wife who had helped with lambing aborted spontaneously in march after a short febrile illness in the 28th week of her pregnancy. she developed disseminated intravascular coagulation post partum with acute renal failure and pulmonary oedema. recovery was complete after two weeks of hospital care. a strain of chlamydia psittaci, probably of ovine origin, was isolated from the placenta and fetus. the patient's serum showed rising titres of antibody against chlamydia group antigen; the pl ... | 1985 | 3918685 |
| activation of tissue macrophages from aids patients: in vitro response of aids alveolar macrophages to lymphokines and interferon-gamma. | to test the hypothesis that tissue macrophages from aids patients have no intrinsic defects in either antimicrobial activity or in the capacity to respond to t cell-derived activating stimuli, alveolar macrophages from 11 patients were treated with crude lymphokines produced by healthy donors. after 72 hr of pretreatment with 10% mitogen- or antigen-induced crude lymphokines (which contained 300 u/ml of interferon-gamma [ifn-gamma]), aids alveolar macrophages generated twofold to threefold more ... | 1985 | 3928746 |
| identification and properties of chlamydial polypeptides that bind eucaryotic cell surface components. | an electroblotting technique was used to identify proteins of chlamydia that bound surface-radioiodinated and triton x-100-solubilized hela cell extracts. two proteins, with apparent molecular masses of 18 and 32 kilodaltons (kda), that bound hela cell surface components were identified on chlamydia trachomatis l2 elementary bodies (ebs). radioiodinated heparin, which disrupts chlamydial association with cultured cells, was also bound by these proteins. these two proteins were found on ebs but w ... | 1986 | 3941041 |
| molecular characterization of chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittaci plasmids. | plasmids from chlamydia trachomatis lgv-434 (serotype l2) and chlamydia psittaci meningopneumonitis strain cal-10 were cloned into the bamhi and ecori sites of pbr322, respectively. the recombinant plasmids pctl2 and pcpmn, each containing an entire respective chlamydial plasmid, were transformed into escherichia coli. the sizes of the plasmids of c. trachomatis and c. psittaci were 7.3 and 6.2 kilobases, respectively. the two plasmids were found to be distinct by restriction endonuclease analys ... | 1986 | 3943908 |
| synthesis of disulfide-bonded outer membrane proteins during the developmental cycle of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. | the disulfide bond cross-linked major outer membrane protein (momp) of the extracellular elementary bodies (ebs) of chlamydia psittaci was reduced to its monomeric form within 1 h of entry of ebs into host cells by a process which was inhibited by chloramphenicol, while monomeric forms of three cross-linked cysteine-rich proteins could not be detected in sarkosyl outer membrane complexes at any time in either extracellular or intracellular forms of c. psittaci. synthesis and incorporation of the ... | 1986 | 3944054 |
| chlamydia psittaci infections of pet and other birds in the united states in 1984. | | 1986 | 3944489 |
| cold urticaria and virus infections: a clinical and serological study in 39 patients. | thirty-nine patients with cold urticaria seen over a 12-year-period were re-examined. all but 12 still had positive skin tests for cold and only five of these had shown a spontaneous cure. fourteen patients were prone to collapse on cold exposure. the incidence of atopy in this group was comparable to that in control groups. cold urticaria is an extremely chronic disease. the mean disease duration was 9.3 years. serum antibodies to epstein-barr virus, measles virus, cytomegalovirus (cmv), varice ... | 1986 | 3954951 |
| respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) in turkeys in brittany, france, 1981-1982. ii. laboratory findings. | after discovering that numerous turkey flocks experiencing rhinotracheitis in brittany, france, had antibodies against chlamydia, laboratory studies were conducted to determine whether chlamydia and/or viruses would explain the respiratory disease observed. although both lentogenic paramyxoviruses of type 1 (newcastle disease virus) and chlamydia psittaci were isolated, it was concluded, based on epidemiologic and other laboratory findings, that c. psittaci was the primary cause of the disease. | 1985 | 3985882 |
| enigmatic psittacine chlamydiosis: results of serotesting and isolation attempts, 1978 through 1983, and considerations for the future. | from 1978 through 1983, chlamydiosis was diagnosed by isolation of chlamydia psittaci from various types of psittacine birds. the organism was isolated from 126 (30.4%) of 414 tissue specimens, with the percentages ranging from 12.5% (budgerigars) to 42.8% (cockatiels), excluding 2 parakeets with 1 isolation (50%). from 1,035 cloacal swab/feces specimens, 51 (4.9%) isolations were made, ranging from 1.4% from african grays (1 of 70) to 27.8% from lovebirds (5 of 18). positive direct microscopic ... | 1985 | 3997621 |
| synthesis of protein in host-free reticulate bodies of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. | synthesis of protein by the obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria chlamydia psittaci (6bc) and chlamydia trachomatis (serovar l2) isolated from host cells (host-free chlamydiae) was demonstrated for the first time. incorporation of [35s]methionine and [35s]cysteine into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material by reticulate bodies of chlamydiae persisted for 2 h and was dependent upon a exogenous source of atp, an atp-regenerating system, and potassium or sodium ions. magnesium ions and am ... | 1985 | 3997784 |
| rickettsiae in the sumava region. | antibodies were detected to c oxiella burnetii, rickettsia slovaca and chlamydia psittaci in the blood of small terrestrial mammals, larger wild and domestic animals and humans in the southern part of the protected landscape area of the sumava region between 1977 and 1982. the data obtained have contributed to the safe development of livestock raising in this region. | 1985 | 4007702 |
| acute placentitis and spontaneous abortion caused by chlamydia psittaci of sheep origin: a histological and ultrastructural study. | a sheep farmer's wife who had been assisting with lambing developed an influenza like illness in the 28th week of pregnancy. after five days of malaise she spontaneously delivered a stillborn infant; she became acutely ill during the immediate postpartum period with septicaemic shock, acute renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. the diagnosis was made by isolation and identification of chlamydia psittaci from the placenta, fetal heart blood, and fetal lung, together with mate ... | 1985 | 4008668 |
| attempted venereal transmission of chlamydia psittaci in sheep. | attempts were made to transmit chlamydia psittaci, the causal agent of enzootic abortion of ewes, in three different ways. ten ewes were inseminated artificially with freshly collected semen containing 10(5) celd50 chlamydia. serological evidence of infection was found two weeks before parturition in nine ewes and the organism was recovered from three of them. by six weeks post partum antibody titres had fallen and were negative in six ewes. twenty-four hours after service two groups of 10 ewes ... | 1985 | 4013041 |
| etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in patients requiring hospitalization. | the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia was studied in 127 patients with roentgenologically verified pneumonia who needed hospitalization. etiology was determined on the basis of a positive blood culture and/or a significant antibody titer increase. streptococcus pneumoniae was the probable etiological agent in 69 patients, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae in five patients, streptococcus pyogenes in two patients, and legionella pneumophila and staphylococcus aureus in one patient each. ev ... | 1985 | 4018066 |
| electron microscopic observations concerning the in vivo uptake and release of the agent of guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (chlamydia psittaci) in guinea-pig exocervix. | this report details electron-microscopical observations concerning c. psittaci infection in vivo. the model employed was that of the guinea-pig infected at the exocervical region with the agent of guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic). our observations indicate that chlamydial particles gain access to their target cells by the mechanism of endocytosis. single gpic elementary bodies were seen to be positioned within individual endosomes. the observations reported here provide evidence that c ... | 1985 | 4031129 |
| establishment of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to chlamydia psittaci. | eleven stable anti-chlamydia hybrid clones by fusions between x63-ag8653 myelomas and immune splenocytes from chlamydia psittaci immunized f1 (c57bl6 x balb/c) mice have been established which react with the 12 reference chlamydia strains (seven c. trachomatis and five c. psittaci. ten of these monoclonal antibodies are directed against the genera-specific epitope (40,000 mw component) for which prolonged immunization seems to be responsible. | 1985 | 4044019 |
| chlamydia psittaci infection in a man and his birds. | | 1985 | 4044876 |
| persistent infection of l cells with an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci. | l cells inoculated at multiplicities of infection greater than or equal to 1 inclusion-forming unit of the abortigenic chlamydial strain b577 were destroyed within 10 to 15 days. upon continued incubation in fresh medium, a few surviving cells repopulated the flasks, and the reemerging cultures remained persistently infected. the persistent state was characterized by cycles of repopulation with a low ratio of infected cells and cycles of extensive cytopathic changes in which greater than 90% of ... | 1985 | 4055027 |
| differences in outer membrane proteins of the lymphogranuloma venereum and trachoma biovars of chlamydia trachomatis. | the lymphogranuloma venereum (lgv) and trachoma biovars of chlamydia trachomatis exhibit differences in biological properties both in vivo and in vitro. to identify analogous biochemical differences, we studied the molecular charges of chlamydial outer membrane proteins (omps) by means of isoelectric focusing and nonequilibrium ph gradient electrophoresis. analysis of proteins of whole elementary bodies biosynthetically labeled with l-[35s]cysteine revealed that most chlamydial proteins were neu ... | 1985 | 4055030 |
| pathogenesis and immunology of chlamydial infections of the genital tract. | in recent years there has been a steady increase in our understanding of the pathogenesis and immunobiology of lower genital tract infections caused by chlamydia trachomatis. much of this increase in knowledge has stemmed from two areas of research: clinical, pathologic, and immunologic observations of patients and the development and study of animal models. research on patients has included the use of techniques such as histologic examination of biopsy specimens and measurement of levels of ant ... | 1985 | 4070907 |
| role of cell-mediated immunity in chlamydial infection: implications for ocular immunity. | cellular immunity to chlamydia trachomatis is not well understood. studies with the mouse pneumonitis agent in a mouse pneumonia model suggest a strong thymic component to immunity and a role for the macrophage as an effector cell in cell-mediated immunity to c. trachomatis. experiments with chlamydia psittaci indicate that cellular cytotoxic mechanisms and biostatic or cytotoxic mechanisms involving cytokines may also play a role in host defense against chlamydiae. interferon has been shown to ... | 1985 | 4070909 |
| direct complement fixation and isolation attempts for detecting chlamydia psittaci infection of psittacine birds. | serum and fecal specimens from 147 birds were tested for chlamydia psittaci. isolation rates ranged from 3.4% of 88 birds that had titers less than 8, to 50% of six birds that had titers greater than or equal to 128. testing of 44 paired sera revealed a significant titer increase in 5 pairs, a significant titer decrease in 8 pairs, and a stable titer in 31 pairs. the examination of both feces and serum is recommended for determining chlamydia psittaci infections in individual live psittacine bir ... | 1985 | 4074254 |
| [pulmonary infections caused by chlamydia psittaci. clinical and epidemiological study of 31 sporadic cases attended at a general hospital]. | | 1985 | 4079494 |
| severe chlamydia psittaci sepsis in pregnancy. | two patients with severe chlamydial sepsis in pregnancy are described and compared with previously published case reports. the infections appear to have been zoonotic, the patients acquiring their infections as a result of exposure to enzootic abortion of ewes. this is an important but poorly recognised human infection which because of its severity in pregnancy deserves consideration in patients with an appropriate occupational history. | 1985 | 4080958 |
| seroepidemiological surveillance of chlamydia psittaci in cats and dogs in japan. | | 1985 | 4082403 |
| [chlamydial infection in pericarditis in pigs]. | an etiologic study was carried out for the presence of chlamydia in the case of pericarditis in pigs on a large swine-breeding complex. investigated were some clinical, epizootiologic, and morphologic aspects of the disease. a strain of chlamydia psittaci was isolated in chick embryos from pericardial liquids of affected animals. it was identified through electron-microscopic and antigenic studies. elementary and initial bodies of chlamydia were seen in ultrathin sections of the infected yolk sa ... | 1985 | 4082488 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of chlamydial antibodies in caprine sera. | chlamydia psittaci is one of the major cause of abortion in goats. the complement-fixation (cf) test is widely used for detection of chlamydial antibodies in caprine sera. a simple, rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed for the measurement of immunoglobulins g (igg). the chlamydia psittaci strain ab3 grown in yolk sac was used as antigen. elisa proved satisfactory for the detection of serum igg; a total of 204 sera were tested and the results correlated well with tho ... | 1985 | 4091495 |
| morphologic and cytochemic studies on the development of chlamydia psittaci in a tissue culture of a cold-blooded animal. | | 1969 | 4097119 |
| respiration of l cells infected with chlamydia psittaci. | | 1970 | 4099299 |
| effect of metabolic inhibitors on the production of chlamydia psittaci by infected l cells. | | 1970 | 4099301 |
| morphologic and cytochemic studies on the development of chlamydia psittaci in tissue culture of a cold-blooded animal at 20 degrees c. | | 1971 | 4101542 |
| lysosomes in l cells infected with chlamydia psittaci 6bc strain. | | 1971 | 4106184 |
| [phase contrast microcinematographic analysis of the intracellular development of chlamydia psittaci]. | | 1971 | 4109492 |
| inapparent respiratory infection of inbred swiss mice with sulfadiazine-resistant, iodine-negative chlamydiae. | three chlamydial strains were isolated from the lungs of three different strains of mice that were inbred for over 30 years. these chlamydial strains were resistant to sulfadiazine and did not induce iodine-positive, glycogen-like material in the inclusions of infected l cells which characterizes them as chlamydia psittaci. | 1971 | 4117289 |
| electron microscope observations on the effects of polymixin b sulfate on cell walls of chlamydia psittaci. | the effects of polymixin b sulfate on cell walls of mature elementary body (eb) and of immature developmental reticulate body (rb) of chlamydia psittaci were investigated. when purified eb were treated with polymixin (10(4) units per ml or more) at 37 c for 60 min, about 70% of eb was found to be covered with a number of projections. further incubation did not increase the percentage affected. the infectivity after treatment as assayed by the inclusion counting technique was reduced by 70% of th ... | 1973 | 4120068 |
| ultrastructural studies of chlamydia psittaci 6bc variant strains. i. ultrastructure of the surface layers of egg-passaged 6bc strain. | | 1973 | 4127533 |
| fine structures of cell envelopes of chlamydia organisms as revealed by freeze-etching and negative staining techniques. | the cell walls of chlamydia psittaci (meningopneumonitis strain) were examined by the freeze-etching and negative staining techniques. it was observed that the cleaved convex surface of the developmental, reticulate body was covered with numerous non-etchable particles 9 to 10 nm in diameter, these particles being rarely seen on the concave surface. similarly, the convex surface of the mature, elementary body (eb) was covered with many particles but the concavity lacked these particles. after et ... | 1973 | 4127629 |
| location of polysaccharide on chlamydia psittaci by silver-methenamine staining and electron microscopy. | previous serological studies have indicated that the group antigen of chlamydial organisms is composed of an acidic polysaccharide and a lipid component. the present study was undertaken in an effort to locate this polysaccharide complex by use of electron microscopy and a silver-methenamine marker. the meningopneumonitis strain of chlamydia psittaci was propagated in hela-m cell culture. organisms were purified by differential centrifugation, treatment with genetron, and by gel filtration. afte ... | 1972 | 4130428 |
| ocular involvement with chlamydia psittaci (strain m56) in rabbits inoculated intravenously. | fourteen albino rabbits were inoculated intravenously with 10(3.5)-10(4.0) mouse icld(50) of chlamydia psittaci (strain m56) of mammalian origin. ocular lesions accompanied the chlamydial infection in the rabbits. bilateral anterior uveitis, a common occurrence, began on the second or third day and subsided by the tenth day whereas keratoconjunctivitis was observed infrequently. after 15 days the most prominent microscopic lesion was iritis. accumulations of inflammatory cells, mainly plasma cel ... | 1974 | 4277591 |
| properties of a chlamydia psittaci isolated from muskrats and snowshoe hares in canada. | | 1971 | 4328689 |
| interaction of l cells and chlamydia psittaci: entry of the parasite and host responses to its development. | the entry and development of chlamydia psittaci in the l cell was studied by using purified, infectious parasites at high multiplicity. entry of the parasite was accomplished by an act of phagocytosis by the host which was independent of an adsorption stage but was temperature-dependent. kinetic studies of phagocytosis performed with (14)c-amino acid-labeled, purified parasites indicated that the rate of phagocytosis was directly proportional to the multiplicity of inoculation. electron microsco ... | 1972 | 4336694 |
| [influence of quartz, carbon, titanium oxide and asbestos dusts on the experimental disease in mice induced with chlamydia psittaci]. | | 1972 | 4339891 |
| immunofluorescence of peritoneal phagocytes after infection in vivo with egg-attenuated chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | | 1973 | 4358601 |
| glucose requirements of l cells infected with chlamydia psittaci. | | 1970 | 4394906 |
| growth of chlamydia psittaci strain meningopneumonitis in mouse l cells cultivated in a defined medium in spinner cultures. | | 1972 | 4567659 |
| detection of chlamydial antibodies in animal sera by double diffusion in gel. | postinoculation sera collected from pigeons, turkeys, guinea pigs, sheep, a calf, a rabbit, and a horse experimentally infected with various strains of chlamydia psittaci yielded a high incidence of positive reactions when tested by double diffusion in gel. antigen was a deoxycholate extract of sa-2 strain of c. trachomatis. good correlation was obtained with results of complement fixation tests, whereas double diffusion in gel was less sensitive. immunoelectrophoresis of the antigen revealed pr ... | 1972 | 4622980 |
| indirect hemagglutination test for chlamydial antibodies. | an indirect hemagglutination (iha) test is described for chlamydial antibodies in psittacosis diagnostic sera; for this test tanned sheep erythrocytes sensitized with a deoxycholate extract of chlamydia psittaci grown in vero cell monolayers were used. adaptation of the iha test to the microtiter system decreased sensitivity; nevertheless, the microtiter-iha test was more sensitive than the complement fixation test. lymphogranuloma venereum antibodies also were detected by using antigen extracte ... | 1972 | 4626906 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci by immunofluorescence. | a direct fluorescent-antibody (fa) test was developed to detect chlamydia psittaci in dural impressions from specimen-inoculated mice. technical procedures for the test were compared. c. psittaci was found in mice after infection as early by the fa technique as it was by cytochemical staining methods usually used. the lymphogranuloma venereum organism was also stained by conjugated antibody to c. psittaci. a distinctive advantage of the described fa test is that organisms are identified immunolo ... | 1972 | 4626909 |