| combination therapy with amphotericin b lipid complex and caspofungin acetate of disseminated zygomycosis in diabetic ketoacidotic mice. | we studied the combination of amphotericin b lipid complex (ablc) and caspofungin in mice with disseminated rhizopus oryzae. combination therapy improved survival compared to that of mice given monotherapy and that of untreated controls (p < 0.05) but did not improve organ clearance. in addition, prophylactic combination therapy was not more effective than prophylactic ablc alone. | 2005 | 15673781 |
| paranasal sinus mycoses. | the incidence of paranasal sinus mycoses (fungal sinusitis) varies widely with higher frequency in sudan, southwestern states of usa and north india, which have hot and dry climate. the disease has been described as having four types: allergic, non-invasive, invasive and fulminate. a possible fifth type: non-invasive destructive may also exist. in a prospective study of 176 cases of fungal sinusitis from our centre, on the basis of clinical, radiological, histopathologic and mycologic findings t ... | 2000 | 15597677 |
| effect of urea on the enzymatic activity of a lipase entrapped in aot-heptane-water reverse micellar solutions. | a study has been made of the effect of urea upon the hydrolysis of 2-naphthyl acetate (2-na) catalyzed by lipase from rhizopus arrhizus in aot-heptane-water reverse micellar solutions at ph 7. the partition constants, k, of 2-na between n-heptane and aqueous urea solutions in the absence of micelles were also determined. it was found that k decreases when the concentration of urea increases. in aqueous solution the rate of hydrolysis of 2-na catalyzed by lipase is dependent on the concentration ... | 2005 | 15694427 |
| modelling the effect of ethanol on growth rate of food spoilage moulds. | the effect of ethanol (e) on the radial growth rate (mu) of food spoilage moulds (aspergillus candidus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, cladosporium cladosporioides, eurotium herbariorum, mucor circinelloides, mucor racemosus, paecilomyces variotii, penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium digitatum, rhizopus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum) was assessed in potato dextrose agar (pda) medium at a(w) 0.99, 25 degrees c. in order to model this effect, the monod type equation described previousl ... | 2005 | 15698687 |
| molecular cloning of a gene encoding endo-beta-d-1,4-glucanase pce1 from phycomyces nitens. | we previously cloned three endoglucanase genes, rce1, rce2, and rce3, from rhizopus oryzae as the first cellulase genes from the subdivision zygomycota. in this study, an endoglucanase gene, designated a pce1 gene, was cloned by plaque hybridization with the codon usage-optimized rce1 gene as a probe from phycomyces nitens, a member of the subdivision zygomycota. the pec1 gene had an open reading frame of 1,038 nucleotides encoding an endoglucanase (pce1) of 346 amino acid residues. the amino ac ... | 2004 | 15564668 |
| n-terminal peptide of rhizopus oryzae lipase is important for its catalytic properties. | in a culture medium, the rhizopus oryzae strain produces only one form of lipase, rol32. when the concentrated culture medium was stored at 0 degrees c during several months or kept at 6 degrees c during a few days, we noticed the appearance of a second shorter form of rol32 lacking its n-terminal 28 amino acid (rol29). rol29 was purified to homogeneity and its 21 n-terminal amino acid residues were found to be identical to the 29-49 sequence of rol32. the cleavage of the n-terminal peptide redu ... | 2005 | 15710378 |
| creation of rhizopus oryzae lipase having a unique oxyanion hole by combinatorial mutagenesis in the lid domain. | combinatorial libraries of the lid domain of rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol; phe88xaa, ala91xaa, ile92xaa) were displayed on the yeast cell surface using yeast cell-surface engineering. among the 40,000 transformants in which rol mutants were displayed on the yeast cell surface, ten clones showed clear halos on soybean oil-containing plates. among these, some clones exhibited high activities toward fatty acid esters of fluorescein and contained non-polar amino acid residues in the mutated positions ... | 2005 | 15729555 |
| interesterification activity of rhizopus delemar lipase in phospholipid microemulsions. | the interesterification of olive oil with palmitic acid catalyzed by rhizopus delemar lipase was investigated in phospholipid microemulsion systems. soybean lecithin was used as the amphiphilic component. the maximal reaction rate was obtained at a buffer ph of 5.5-6.0. the reaction rate was also dependent on the w(l) (= [h2o]/[lecithin]) value and attained a maximum at w(l)=5. the reaction rate reached a maximum at a palmitic acid concentration of 350 mm. the molar fraction of the interesterifi ... | 2004 | 15542321 |
| rhinoorbital mucormycosis secondary to rhizopus oryzae: a case report and literature review. | mucormycosis is a form of fulminant invasive fungal infection of the sinonasal tract that often extends to the orbit, brain, palate, and skin. it is caused by members of the order mucorales, and it is considered to be the most fatal fungal infection known to man because it is rapidly disseminated by the blood vessels. it is most commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis, hematologic malignancies, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and immunosuppressive therapy. this rare opportunistic infe ... | 2004 | 15487636 |
| [cloning and heterologous expression of a novel delta6 -desaturase gene from rhizopus arrhizus nk030037]. | a 593 bp dna fragment was amplified from rhizopus arrhizus nk030037 with degenerate oligonucleotide primers designed based on the sequences information for fungi delta6-fatty acid desaturase genes by rt-pcr and sequenced. gene specific primers derived from this partial sequence were used for the amplification of the 3'- and 5'-ends of this cdna by race method, and this lead to a full-length cdna sequence of 1 482 bp was amplified. sequence analysis showed this cdna sequence had an open reading f ... | 2004 | 15473328 |
| alternative splicing produces two endoglucanases with one or two carbohydrate-binding modules in mucor circinelloides. | we previously cloned three endoglucanase genes, rce1, rce2, and rce3, that were isolated from rhizopus oryzae as the first cellulase genes from a member of the subdivision zygomycota. in this study, two cdnas homologous to the rce1 gene, designated the mce1 and mce2 cdnas, were cloned from mucor circinelloides, a member of the subdivision zygomycota. the mce1 cdna encoded an endoglucanase (family 45 glycoside hydrolase) having one carbohydrate-binding module (cbm), designated mce1, and the mce2 ... | 2005 | 15838031 |
| direct production of ethanol from raw corn starch via fermentation by use of a novel surface-engineered yeast strain codisplaying glucoamylase and alpha-amylase. | direct and efficient production of ethanol by fermentation from raw corn starch was achieved by using the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae codisplaying rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase and streptococcus bovis alpha-amylase by using the c-terminal-half region of alpha-agglutinin and the flocculation functional domain of flo1p as the respective anchor proteins. in 72-h fermentation, this strain produced 61.8 g of ethanol/liter, with 86.5% of theoretical yield from raw corn starch. | 2004 | 15294847 |
| genetic diversity in rhizopus oryzae strains as revealed by the sequence of lactate dehydrogenase genes. | twenty-seven strains of rhizopus oryzae accumulating predominantly lactic acid were shown to possess two ldh genes, ldha and ldhb, encoding nad-dependent lactate dehydrogenases. variation in nucleotide sequence was identified for each gene from different strains, and similar phylogenetic trees were obtained based on the nucleotide sequences of both genes. the other 21 strains of r. oryzae accumulating predominantly fumaric and malic acids contained a single orf of ldhb. compared to the strains a ... | 2004 | 15278242 |
| extracellular amylase(s) production by fungi botryodiplodia theobromae and rhizopus oryzae grown on cassava starch residue. | the fungi botryodiplodia theobromae and rhizopus oryzae produce extracellular amylase when grown on a liquid medium containing 2% (wn) soluble starch or cassava starch residue(csr) (as starch equivalent), a waste generated after extraction of starch from cassava, as the sole carbon source. using csr as the sole carbon source, the highest amylase activity of 3.25 and 3.8 units (mg, glucose released x ml(-1) x h(-1)) were obtained in shake flask cultures during the late stationary phase of growth ... | 2004 | 15907080 |
| developing high cell density fed-batch cultivation strategies for heterologous protein production in pichia pastoris using the nitrogen source-regulated fld1 promoter. | a pichia pastoris strain expressing a rhizopus oryzae lipase gene under the transcriptional control of the promoter from the p. pastoris formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 gene (pfld) was utilized to study the feasibility of this expression system for recombinant protein production using methanol-free fed-batch high cell density cultivations. we have developed a simple and reliable fed-batch strategy using the pfld system based on the use of methylamine and sorbitol as nitrogen and carbon sources, res ... | 2005 | 15918169 |
| peripheral enzymatic deacetylation of chitin and reprecipitated chitin particles. | the enzymatic deacetylation of various chitin preparations was investigated using the fungal chitin deacetylase (cda) isolated from rhizopus oryzae growth medium. specific extracellular enzyme activity after solid state fermentation was 10 times higher than that after submerged fermentation. natural crystalline chitin is a very poor substrate for the enzyme, but showed a five-time better deacetylation after dissolution and reprecipitation. chitin particles, enzymatically deacetylated for only 1% ... | 2006 | 15919204 |
| purification of the extracellular pectinolytic enzyme from the fungus rhizopus oryzae nbrc 4707. | the pectinolytic enzyme from the solid-state culture of rhizopus oryzae nbrc 4707 was purified to homogeneity by column chromatography on cm-toyopearl 650 m and hydroxylapatite. the molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be 31,000 and was reduced to 29,700 after treatment with endoglycosidase h. maximal activity was observed near ph 4.5 at 45 degrees c. the enzyme was shown to be endopolygalacturonase, as judged from the formation of oligogalact ... | 2004 | 15160610 |
| strain improvement for tannase production from co-culture of aspergillus foetidus and rhizopus oryzae. | spores from the co-culture of aspergillus foetidus and rhizopus oryzae were subjected to uv, heat and ntg (3-nitro,5-methylguanidine) mutagenesis. a few colonies were screened from the selected media for tannase study. amongst all, the best mutant isolated from the heat treatment (60 degrees c for 60 min) was scpr 337. the maximum yield of gallic acid and tannase in case of mutant strain was 95.2% and 53.6 u/ml with an incubation period of 30 h as compared to wild strain where the incubation per ... | 2006 | 15963714 |
| [study on the repeated batch fermentation of lipase by immobilized rhizopus]. | repeated batch fermentation with rhizopus arrhizus immobilized by polyurethane was optimized in details including the time to replace, the volume of the replaced medium and the optimal composition of the medium to replace. immobilized cells showed stability for repeated use. immobilized cells could be used for 9 batches, lasting 140h in flask and 6 batches in 5l fermenter when the substitute culture medium consisted of (%): soybean flour 3.0, earthnut oil 0.5 and the liquid was replaced by 40% . ... | 2004 | 15969123 |
| purification and characterization of a new endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanase from beltraniella portoricensis. | a new endoglucanase, designated bce1, produced by beltraniella portoricensis, was purified from the culture supernatant. the n-terminal amino acid sequence suggests that bce1 belongs to family 45 glycoside hydrolase (family 45 endoglucanase). the molecular mass of bce1 was found to be 40 kda by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the optimum ph for the carboxymethyl cellulase (cmcase) activity of bce1 was 4.5, and the optimum temperature was 55 degrees c. among f ... | 2005 | 15973054 |
| genetic identification and detection of human pathogenic rhizopus species, a major mucormycosis agent, by multiplex pcr based on internal transcribed spacer region of rrna gene. | mucormycosis is an invasive opportunistic infection caused by fungi belonging to the order mucorales. due to the lack of laboratory tests, the diagnosis of mucormycosis is notoriously difficult. added with its rapid progression as well as the debilitated state of the patients who contract the disease, mortality is extremely high. | 2005 | 15978416 |
| lead biosorption study with rhizopus arrhizus using a metal-based titration technique. | acid-base and metal-based potentiometric titration methods were used to analyze sorption mechanisms of lead by rhizopus arrhizus fungal biomass. biosorption was not considered globally but as the result of successive sorption reactions on various binding sites with different selectivities. precipitation occurred rapidly when lead concentration increased. lead was sorbed essentially by carboxylic groups and by phosphates and sulfonates (less abundant) of the organic matter. the lead affinity to c ... | 2005 | 15979634 |
| expression of a rhizopus oryzae lipase in pichia pastoris under control of the nitrogen source-regulated formaldehyde dehydrogenase promoter. | a rhizopus oryzae lipase gene has been expressed in pichia pastoris as a reporter using the formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 promoter (pfld1) of this organism, which has been reported to be strongly and independently induced by either methanol as sole carbon source or methylamine as sole nitrogen source. levels of lipase expressed and secreted under the control of the pfld1 at different induction conditions have been compared to those obtained with the commonly used alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (paox1 ... | 2004 | 15063618 |
| enhanced reactivity of rhizopus oryzae lipase displayed on yeast cell surfaces in organic solvents: potential as a whole-cell biocatalyst in organic solvents. | immobilization of enzymes on some solid supports has been used to stabilize enzymes in organic solvents. in this study, we evaluated applications of genetically immobilized rhizopus oryzae lipase displayed on the cell surface of saccharomyces cerevisiae in organic solvents and measured the catalytic activity of the displayed enzyme as a fusion protein with alpha-agglutinin. compared to the activity of a commercial preparation of this lipase, the activity of the new preparation was 4.4 x 10(4)-fo ... | 2005 | 16085821 |
| investigation of the importance of the c-2 oxygen function in the transformation of stemodin analogues by rhizopus oryzae atcc 11145. | a new stemodinoside, stemodin-alpha-l-arabinofuranoside (5), was isolated from the plant stemodia maritima. incubation of stemodin (2) with rhizopus oryzae atcc 11145 gave 2 alpha,7 beta,13(s)-trihydroxystemodane (17) and 2 alpha,3 beta,13(s),16 alpha-tetrahydroxystemodane (18) whilst stemodinone (8) afforded 6 alpha,13(s)-dihydroxystemodan-2-one (19). the bioconversion of 2 beta,13(s)-dihydroxystemodane (10) by the fungus yielded 2 beta,7 beta,13(s)-trihydroxystemodane (20) whereas stemod-12-en ... | 2004 | 15016566 |
| the active component in the flax-retting system of the zygomycete rhizopus oryzae sb is a family 28 polygalacturonase. | the zygomycete rhizopus oryzae sb is a very efficient organism for retting of flax, the initial microbiological step in the process of making linen. an extracellular polygalacturonase, when isolated could perform retting, and therefore probably is the key component in the retting system of r. oryzae. this was purified and characterized. the purified enzyme has a molecular mass of 37,436 da from mass spectrometric determination, an isoelectric point of 8.4, and has non-methylated polygalacturonic ... | 2005 | 16133102 |
| repair of plasmid dna used for transformation of rhizopus oryzae by gene conversion. | techniques for genetic manipulation of the filamentous fungus rhizopus have been hampered due to a lack of understanding regarding the recombination and replication mechanisms that affect the fate of introduced dna. the ability to target chromosomal integration of a plasmid has been difficult because dna transformed into rhizopus rarely integrates and is autonomously replicated in a high molecular weight concatenated arrangement (i.e., series or chain). linearization of the plasmid prior to tran ... | 2004 | 15007626 |
| evidence for selective hydrolysis of aliphatic copolyesters induced by lipase catalysis. | high molar mass random poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene sebacate), p(bs-co-bse), and poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate), p(bs-co-ba), with different composition, were synthesized and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by lipase from mucor miehei or from rhizopus arrhizus. the enzymatic hydrolysis of p(bs-co-bse)s and p(bs-co-ba)s films produced a mixture of water-soluble monomers and co-oligomers that were separated and identified by on-line high performance liquid chromatography/ele ... | 2004 | 15003003 |
| circadian rhythms in neurospora crassa: clock gene homologues in fungi. | computer-based analysis of a total of 17 filamentous fungal and yeasts genomes has shown: (1) homologues of frq, wc-1, wc-2, and vvd, key gene components of the neurospora crassa clock, are present in magnaporthe grisea, gibberella zeae, and podospora anserina, suggesting an frq-based oscillator in these organisms; (2) some fungal species that are more distantly related to neurospora, such as rhizopus oryzae do not appear to have frq homologues; (3) many fungal species that do not appear to cont ... | 2005 | 16154782 |
| bioconversion of waste office paper to l(+)-lactic acid by the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae. | l(+)-lactic acid production was investigated using an enzymatic hydrolysate of waste office automation (oa) paper in a culture of the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae. in 4 d culture, 82.8 g/l glucose, 7 g/l xylose, and 3.4 g/l cellobiose contained in the hydrolysate were consumed to produce 49.1 g/l of lactic acid. the lactic acid yield and production rate were only 0.59 g/g and 16.3 g/l/d, respectively, only 75% and 61% of the results from the glucose medium. the low production rate from was ... | 2004 | 14987724 |
| rhizopus arrhizus--a producer for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of starch waste materials to l(+)-lactic acid. | rhizopus arrhizus, strain dar 36017, produced l(+)-lactic acid in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process using starch waste effluents. lactic acid at 19.5-44.3 g l(-1) with a yield of 0.85-0.96 g g(-1) was produced in 40 h using 20-60 g starch l(-1). supplementation of nitrogen source may be unnecessary if potato or corn starch waste effluent was used as a production medium. | 2003 | 14719810 |
| influence of autoclaved fungal materials on spearmint (mentha spicata l.) growth, morphogenesis, and secondary metabolism. | the influence of autoclaved fungal materials such as culture filtrate, freeze-dried mycelium (fdm), mycelium suspension, and spore suspension (ss) on the growth, morphogenesis, and carvone production of spearmint (mentha spicata l.) plants was studied. fungal materials were either applied as a drench or spray on the plants. spearmint plants (cv. "294099") drenched with ss (1 x 10(8) spores/ml) of trichoderma reesei showed no significant differences in leaf numbers, root numbers, or shoot numbers ... | 2005 | 16222794 |
| optimization of n variable biological experiments by evolutionary operation-factorial design technique. | since the traditional approach to optimization of biological systems based on the single variable search technique is incapable of detecting the true optimum when a number of chemicals are used together as inducers, the evolutionary operation (evop)-factorial design technique was applied successfully to optimize the concentrations of vitamin (biotin), metal ion (cacl(2)) and plant hormone (naa) for maximizing enzyme (protease) production by rhizopus oryzae (ro iit rb-13, nrrl-21498) in solid sta ... | 1999 | 16232455 |
| biodiesel fuel production from plant oil catalyzed by rhizopus oryzae lipase in a water-containing system without an organic solvent. | a new enzymatic method of synthesizing methyl esters from plant oil and methanol in a solvent-free reaction system was developed. it is anticipated that such plant oil methyl esters can be used as a biodiesel fuel in the future. lipase from rhizopus oryzae efficiently catalyzed the methanolysis of soybean oil in the presence of 4-30 wt% water in the starting materials; however the lipase was nearly inactive in the absence of water. the methyl ester (me) content in the reaction mixture reached 80 ... | 1999 | 16232675 |
| cell surface engineering of yeast: construction of arming yeast with biocatalyst. | a cell surface engineering system of yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has been established and novel yeasts armed by biocatalysts (enzymes-glucoamylase, alpha-amylase, cm-cellulase, beta-glucosidase, and lipase), termed "arming yeasts", were constructed. the gene encoding rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase with its secretion signal peptide was fused with the gene encoding the c-terminal half of yeast alpha-agglutinin and expressed in s. cerevisiae. glucoamylase was shown to be displayed on the cell surf ... | 2000 | 16232831 |
| chitosan productivity enhancement in rhizopus oryzae ypf-61a by d-psicose. | the effect of the rare sugar d-psicose on chitosan production by rhizopus oryzae was studied. the fungus was not able to utilize d-psicose as a sole source of carbon, either for germination of the spores or for growth of the vegetative cells. in a medium containing a low amount of d-glucose, however, d-psicose supplementation between 5 and 12 g/l caused enhancement of the productivity of chitinous substances, especially chitosan, in the cell walls. substantial changes in the chitosan molecule we ... | 2003 | 16233408 |
| olive-mill wastewaters: a promising substrate for microbial lipase production. | the present study investigated the valorization of olive-mill wastewater (omw) by its use as a possible growth medium for the microbial production of extra-cellular lipase. to this end, strains of geotrichum candidum (nrrl y-552 and y-553), rhizopus arrhizus (nrrl 2286 and isrim 383), rhizopus oryzae (nrrl 6431), aspergillus oryzae (nrrl 1988 and 495), aspergillus niger (nrrl 334), candida cylindracea (nrrl y-17506) and penicillium citrinum (nrrl 1841 and 3754, isrim 118) were screened. all stra ... | 2006 | 16236495 |
| pcr based identification and discrimination of agents of mucormycosis and aspergillosis in paraffin wax embedded tissue. | invasive fungal infections are often diagnosed by histopathology without identification of the causative fungi, which show significantly different antifungal susceptibilities. | 2005 | 16254108 |
| effect of fungi fermentation on organoleptic properties, energy content and in-vitro multienzyme digestibility of cassava products (flour & gari). | the present study sought to investigate the effect of fungi fermentation on the energy content, sensory quality and the digestibility (in vitro) of cassava products (flour and gari). the fungi fermented cassava products (gari and flour) were produced, by fermenting cassava mash with pure strains of some common saprophytes, namely, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, rhizopus oryzae and saccharomyces spp (baker's yeast and palm wine yeast) for 72 hrs before processing into cassava flour and ga ... | 2003 | 14653508 |
| [mucormycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae in a patient with atypical diabetes]. | | 2005 | 16324575 |
| comparison of fumaric acid production by rhizopus oryzae using different neutralizing agents. | fumaric acid fermentation in a 10-l bubble column fermenter using different neutralizing agents [caco(3), ca(oh)(2), nahco(3)] by rhizopus oryzae atcc 20344 was examined. it was found that in the fermentation using caco(3 )as the neutralizing agent the highest fumaric acid weight yield and volumetric productivity were obtained, 53.4% and 1.03 g/l x h(-1) respectively. in the nahco(3) case, the fumaric acid weight yield and volumetric productivity were 33.7% and 0.69 g/l x h(-1), respectively, mu ... | 2002 | 14508676 |
| stabilization of the initial electrochemical potential for a metal-based potentiometric titration study of a biosorption process. | an interactive metal-based potentiometric titration method has been developed using an ion selective electrode for studying the sorption of metal cations. the accuracy of this technique was verified by analyzing the metal sorption mechanism for the biomass of rhizopus arrhizus fungus and diatomite, two dissimilar materials (organic and mineral, strong sorbent and weak sorbent) of a different order of cation exchange capacity. the problem of the initial electrochemical potential was addressed ide ... | 2006 | 16325652 |
| heterologous production of functional forms of rhizopus oryzae lipase in escherichia coli. | to date, expression of the lipase from rhizopus oryzae (rol) in escherichia coli always led to the formation of inclusion bodies and inactive protein. however, the production of active rol and its precursor prorol in soluble form was achieved when e. coli origami(de3) and pet-11d were used as expression systems. | 2005 | 16332903 |
| microbial transformation of macrocyclic trichothecenes. | a resting culture of rhizopus arrhizus (atcc 11145) transformed verrucarin a into 16-hydroxyverrucarin a, whereas r. arrhizus transformed verrucarin b into a mixture of 16-hydroxyverrucarin b and 3'-hydroxyverrucarin a. relative to verrucarins a and b, the 16-hydroxy derivatives showed marked increases in activity, as tested in vivo against p388 mouse leukemia. | 1983 | 16346370 |
| fluorescent organophosphonates as inhibitors of microbial lipases. | short- and long-chain 1-o-alkyl-2-acylaminodeoxyglycero- and alkoxy-alkylphosphonic acid p-nitrophenyl esters were synthesized as inhibitors for analytical and mechanistic studies on lipolytic enzymes. the respective compounds contain perylene or nitrobenzoxadiazole as reporter fluorophores covalently bound to the omega-ends of the respective 2-acylamino- and alkoxy- residues. their inhibitory effects on the activities of three selected lipases showing different substrate preferences were determ ... | 2003 | 14499469 |
| pressate from peat dewatering as a substrate for bacterial growth. | this study considered the possibility of using water expressed during the drying of fuel-grade peat as a substrate for microbial growth. highly humified peat pressed for 2.5 min at 1.96 mpa produced water with a chemical oxygen demand of 690 mg/liter. several biological compounds could be produced by using the organic matter in expressed peat water as a substrate. these included polymers such as chitosan, contained in the cell wall of rhizopus arrhizus, and two extracellular polysaccharides, xan ... | 1985 | 16346834 |
| biochemical aspects of fumaric acid accumulation by rhizopus arrhizus. | the accumulation and excretion of fumaric acid, and to a lesser extent malic and succinic acids, by rhizopus arrhizus occurs under aerobic conditions in a high-glucose medium containing a limiting amount of nitrogen and a neutralizing agent (caco(3)). an overall four-carbon dicarboxylic acid molar yield of up to 145% (moles of acid produced per mole of glucose utilized) is obtained after incubation for 4 to 5 days. evidence is presented that fumarate is synthesized from pyruvate via a carboxylat ... | 1986 | 16347099 |
| production of fumaric acid in 20-liter fermentors. | the conditions necessary for the production of fumaric acid in 20-liter fermentors by fermentation of glucose with rhizopus arrhizus strain nrrl 2582 were determined. continuous neutralization of fumaric acid was necessary for optimal yields. yields of the calcium salt were in excess of 65 g of fumaric acid from 100 g of sugar consumed during fermentation of sugar concentrations of 10 to 16%. conditions established for calcium fumarate production include a simple mineral salts medium, 0.5 v:v:mi ... | 1962 | 16349614 |
| an improved method for sn-2 position analysis of triacylglycerols in edible oils and fats based on immobilised lipase d (rhizopus delemar). | the use of lipase d (rhizopus delemar) immobilised on microporous polypropylene as a replacement for the standard pancreatic lipases used in the stereospecific sn-2 position analysis of triacylglycerols from edible oils and fats is studied. excellent hydrolysis characteristics are obtained in hexane/methanol solvents at reaction temperatures up to 60 degrees c with hydrolysis times of only 10-20 min. the favourable conditions for the hydrolysis reaction allow fats with higher melting points to b ... | 2006 | 16368101 |
| post harvest spoilage of sweetpotato in tropics and control measures. | sweetpotato storage roots are subjected to several forms of post harvest spoilage in the tropical climate during transportation from farmers' field to market and in storage. these are due to mechanical injury, weight loss, sprouting, and pests and diseases. sweetpotato weevil is the single most important storage pest in tropical regions for which no control measures or resistant variety are yet available. several microorganisms (mostly fungi) have been found to induce spoilage in stored sweetpot ... | 2005 | 16371331 |
| secretion of pro- and mature rhizopus arrhizus lipases by pichia pastoris and properties of the proteins. | the lipases of rhizopus spp. share a high 1,3-regiospecificity toward triacylglycerols, which makes them important enzymes in lipid modification. in the present study, the extracellularly active production of recombinant rhizopus arrhizuslipase was carried out with genes encoding the mature region (mral) and the mral having the prosequence (proral) in pichia pastoris. two transformed p. pastoris clones containing the multicopy of mral and proral genes were separately selected for the production ... | 2006 | 16382184 |
| leukopenia with granulocytopenia in experimental mucormycosis (rhizopus oryzae infection). | mucormycosis was produced in rabbits with sustained, severe leukopenia and granulocytopenia induced by repeated injections of nitrogen mustard. initially, these animals developed extensive fungus lesions at the site of inoculation which later became granulomatous and tended to heal. only the early phases of host resistance appeared impaired by the virtual elimination of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte as a factor in the host response. despite the persistent leukopenia and granulocytopenia, the l ... | 1957 | 13475609 |
| a new solution for an old problem: the regiochemical distribution of the acyl chains in galactolipids can be established by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. | electrospray ionization-quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry (esi-qitms), either in positive- or in negative-ion mode, has been used to establish the chemical structures (chain length, degree of unsaturation, positional distribution) of the fatty acids attached to the primary (sn-1) and secondary (sn-2) hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety of natural monogalactosyl- (mgdg) and digalactosyldiacylglycerols (dgdg), isolated from the freshwater dinoflagellate glenodinium sanguineum and from a mar ... | 2003 | 12913862 |
| [cutaneous mucormycosis and diabetes: about one observation]. | mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic infection but a fulminant disease. varying clinical forms have been described, including cutaneous localisations which are mainly observed in diabetic and burned patients. the cutaneous lesions induced by the mucormycosis affection are often atypical and gangrenous. we report a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a tunisian patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. he developed cutaneous necrotic lesions at the low limb. the diagnosis of mucormycosis was not initiall ... | 2005 | 16425710 |
| [mycoses of the head and neck]. | the ever growing number of immunocompromized patients and increasing travel to areas where fungal diseases are endemic explain why in recent years mycoses have emerged as important infections in clinical practice. it is essential that pathologists and clinicians be knowledgeable about them. | 2005 | 16439931 |
| molecular identification of zygomycetes from culture and experimentally infected tissues. | mucormycosis is an emerging infection associated with a high mortality rate. identification of the causative agents remains difficult and time-consuming by standard mycological procedures. in this study, internal transcribed spacer (its) sequencing was validated as a reliable technique for identification of zygomycetes to the species level. furthermore, species identification directly from infected tissues was evaluated in experimentally infected mice. fifty-four zygomycetes strains belonging to ... | 2006 | 16455881 |
| evaluation of the catalytic activity of lipases immobilized on chrysotile for esterification. | in the present work, the ester synthesis in organic media catalyzed by lipases immobilized on chrysotile was studied. lipases of different sources (mucor javanicus, pseudomonas cepacia, rhizopus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida rugosa) were immobilized on chrysotile, an inexpensive magnesium silicate, and used for esterification of hexanoic, octanoic and lauric acid with methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol and 1-octanol at 25 c in hexane as solvent. the best results were obtained with mucor javani ... | 2003 | 12894300 |
| association constants of pb2+ with binding sites of fungal biomass using metal-based titrations. | biosorption is perceived as an alternative method for toxic heavy metal removal/recovery from aqueous effluents. this work focused on derivation of some key quantitative physico-chemical characteristics of a representative biosorbent material required for its further effective exploitation. the newly developed acid-base and metal-based titrator allowed the characterization of the chemisorption active sites of rhizopus arrhizus biomass and the study of their metal affinity. this experimental appr ... | 2006 | 16457181 |
| [heteroexpression of rhizopus arrhizus delta6-fatty acid desaturase gene in pichia pastoris]. | delta6-fatty acid desaturase is a membrane-bound enzyme, which is rate-limiting for the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids. a cdna sequence putatively encoding a delta6-fatty acid desaturase was isolated from rhizopus arrhizus nk300037 using rt-pcr and race methods in our previous work. sequence and function analysis indicated that this sequence was a novel delta6-fatty acid desaturase gene which had an open reading frame of 1377bp coding 458 amino acids of 52kd. the methylotrophic yeas ... | 2005 | 16468339 |
| cutaneous zygomycosis due to rhizopus oryzae in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | we report herein a case of primary cutaneous zygomycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae in a 7-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) receiving intensive chemotherapy. the diagnosis was based on observation of hyphal elements in cutaneous biopsy and isolation of the fungus in culture. the patient responded to surgical intervention and treatment with amphotericin b. | 2004 | 15601461 |
| the family 21 carbohydrate-binding module of glucoamylase from rhizopus oryzae consists of two sites playing distinct roles in ligand binding. | the starch-hydrolysing enzyme ga (glucoamylase) from rhizopus oryzae is a commonly used glycoside hydrolase in industry. it consists of a c-terminal catalytic domain and an n-terminal starch-binding domain, which belong to the cbm21 (carbohydrate-binding module, family 21). in the present study, a molecular model of cbm21 from r. oryzae ga (rogacbm21) was constructed according to pssc (progressive secondary structure correlation), modified structure-based sequence alignment, and site-directed mu ... | 2006 | 16509822 |
| rhizopus oryzae fungus cells producing l(+)-lactic acid: kinetic and metabolic parameters of free and pva-cryogel-entrapped mycelium. | spores of the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae were entrapped in macroporous poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel (pva-cryogel). to prepare immobilised biocatalyst capable of producing l(+)-lactic acid (la), the fungus cells were cultivated inside the carrier beads. the growth parameters and metabolic activity of the suspended (free) and immobilised cells producing la in a batch process were comparatively investigated. the immobilised cells possessed increased resistance to high concentrations of accum ... | 2006 | 16523285 |
| lactic acid production from xylose by the fungus rhizopus oryzae. | lignocellulosic biomass is considered nowadays to be an economically attractive carbohydrate feedstock for large-scale fermentation of bulk chemicals such as lactic acid. the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae is able to grow in mineral medium with glucose as sole carbon source and to produce optically pure l(+)-lactic acid. less is known about the conversion by r. oryzae of pentose sugars such as xylose, which is abundantly present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. this paper describes the conve ... | 2006 | 16528511 |
| simultaneous production and recovery of fumaric acid from immobilized rhizopus oryzae with a rotary biofilm contactor and an adsorption column. | an integrated system of simultaneous fermentation-adsorption for the production and recovery of fumaric acid from glucose by rhizopus oryzae was investigated. the system was constructed such that growing rhizopus mycelia were self-immobilized on the plastic discs of a rotary biofilm contactor during the nitrogen-rich growth phase. during the nongrowth, production phase, the biofilm was alternately exposed to liquid medium and air upon rotation of the discs in the horizontal fermentation vessel. ... | 1996 | 16535381 |
| lipase-catalyzed esterification of 2-monoricinolein for 1,2 (2,3)-diricinolein synthesis. | the purpose of this investigation was to develop conditions for producing 2-monoricinoleoyl dag. we used lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triricinolein to obtain 2-monoricinolein and thereafter synthesized 1,2(2,3)-diricinolein through esterification of 2-monoricinolein, using ricinoleic acid as the acyl donor. five different 1,3-specific immobilized lipases were tested for the initial methanolysis reaction: candida antarctica type b, rhizomucor miehei, rhizopus oryzae (rol), thermomyces lanuginos ... | 2006 | 16555475 |
| asymmetric reduction of 3-aryl-3-keto esters using rhizopus species. | ethyl 3-aryl-3-oxopropanoates (aryl: phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, and 4-nitrophenyl) were reduced enantioselectively to the corresponding (s)-alcohols by the fungus rhizopus arrhizus and other rhizopus sp. the best results were generally obtained with rhizopus arrhizus (wild type) and rhizopus nivius ncim 958 with 6h incubation. a longer incubation period led to ester hydrolysis followed by decarboxylation and microbial reduction for all the substrates especially the 3-nitrophenyl este ... | 2006 | 16616500 |
| specific characteristics of family 45 endoglucanases from mucorales in the use of textiles and laundry. | we examined the characteristics of family 45 endoglucanases (glycoside hydrolases family 45; gh45) from mucorales belonging to zygomycota in the use of textiles and laundry. the defibrillation activities on lyocell fabric of family 45 endoglucanases from mucorales, such as rce1 and rce2 from rhizopus oryzae, mce1 and mce2 from mucor circinelloides, and pce1 from phycomyces nitens, were much higher than those of the other family 45 endoglucanases. by contrast, family 45 endoglucanases from mucora ... | 2006 | 16636473 |
| agencies affecting the production of substance b by rhizopus suinus. | | 1941 | 16653716 |
| growth of rhizopus suinus as affected by certain growth factors. | | 1942 | 16653774 |
| development of oat prothylakoids into thylakoids during greening does not change transmembrane galactolipid asymmetry but preserves the thylakoid bilayer. | the lipase from rhizopus arrhizus and the lipolytic acyl hydrolase from potato tubers have been used to determine the transmembrane distribution of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (mgdg) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) in prothylakoids and thylakoids from oat (avena sativa). both galactolipids were found to be asymmetrically distributed. the molar outside/inside distribution was 70 +/- 8/30 +/- 8 for mgdg and 10 +/- 4/90 +/- 4 for dgdg in the prothylakoid membrane. mature thylakoids presented ... | 1988 | 16666318 |
| microbial transformation of tannin-rich substrate to gallic acid through co-culture method. | modified solid-state fermentation (mssf) of tannin-rich substrate yielding tannase and gallic acid was carried out using a co-culture of the filamentous fungi, rhizopus oryzae (ro iit rb-13, nrrl 21498) and aspergillus foetidus (gmrb013 mtcc 3557). powdered fruits of terminalia chebula and powdered pod cover of caesalpinia digyna was used in the process and the different process parameters for maximum production of tannase and gallic acid by co-culture method were optimized through media enginee ... | 2005 | 15627566 |
| bioconversion of d-psicose to d-tagatose and d-talitol by mucoraceae fungi. | rhizopus oryzae mya-2483, which cannot utilize d-psicose as a sole source of carbon, converted d-psicose to two other compounds. these compounds were identified by nmr and ir as d-tagatose and d-talitol. in this study, we describe for the first time the bioconversion of d-psicose to d-tagatose. various strains of mucoraceae fungi, to which r. oryzae mya-2483 belongs, exhibited conversion activity similar to that of r. oryzae mya-2483. there is the possibility that a considerable number of fungi ... | 2006 | 16716921 |
| lipase localization in rhizopus oryzae cells immobilized within biomass support particles for use as whole-cell biocatalysts in biodiesel-fuel production. | to identify the lipase responsible for the methanolysis activity of fungus whole-cell biocatalysts, the lipase localization of rhizopus oryzae cells was determined. western blot analysis showed that r. oryzae cells produce two types of lipase with different molecular masses of 34 and 31 kda; the former (rol34) was bound to the cell wall, whereas the latter (rol31) was mainly bound to the cell membrane. it was found that cell immobilization within reticulated polyurethane foam biomass support par ... | 2006 | 16716941 |
| synthesis of ethyl phenylacetate by lyophilized mycelium of aspergillus oryzae. | lyophilized mycelia of aspergillus oryzae cbs 102.07, aspergillus oryzae mim, rhizopus oryzae cbs 112.07, rhizopus oryzae cbs 391.34, rhizopus oryzae cbs 260.28 and rhizopus oryzae cbs 328.47 were tested in this study to select the best biocatalysts for ethanol acylation with phenylacetic acid. the mycelium-bound carboxylesterase activity of a. oryzae mim, which exhibited the best performances, was initially investigated at 50 degrees c, either in 0.1 m phosphate buffer or in n-heptane to cataly ... | 2005 | 15650849 |
| rhizopus oryzae adheres to, is phagocytosed by, and damages endothelial cells in vitro. | rhizopus oryzae is the most common cause of zygomycosis, a life-threatening infection that usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. a characteristic hallmark of zygomycosis is angioinvasion by the fungus, resulting in thrombosis and subsequent tissue necrosis. interactions between r. oryzae and vascular endothelial cells are therefore likely of central importance to the organism's pathogenetic strategy. we studied the ability of r. oryzae to adhere to and damage human umbilical vein endothe ... | 2005 | 15664916 |
| a high-resolution titrator: a new approach to studying binding sites of microbial biosorbents. | the high-resolution potentiometric titration was used as a physico-chemical method to study the acid properties of selected biosorbent materials in order to quantify the functional acidic groups for sorption and to determine their affinities by considering their partial or total ionization equilibrium reactions. the gran's method and the henderson-hasselbach's equation were employed in establishing the partition of the total acidity as associated with strong, weak and very weak acidic chemical a ... | 2004 | 15707630 |
| a case of rhinocerebral zygomycosis caused by rhizopus arrhizus. | | 2006 | 16796654 |
| plasmids for expression of heterologous proteins in rhizopus oryzae. | rhizopus oryzae has long been used for enzyme production (e.g., glucoamylase and lipase), organic acid synthesis, and various fermented food applications. in this work, we describe a set of plasmid-based expression vectors that can be used for the production of heterologous proteins in r. oryzae. three plasmid vectors have been created using either the glucoamylase a (amya), pyruvate decarboxylase (pdca), or phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk1) promoters to drive expression of heterologous proteins. a ... | 2006 | 16804680 |
| interferon- gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor augment the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes against medically important zygomycetes. | zygomycetes cause serious invasive infections, predominantly in immunocompromised and diabetic patients with poor prognoses and limited therapeutic options. we compared the antifungal function of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnls) against hyphae of rhizopus oryzae and r. microsporus, the most frequently isolated zygomycetes, with that against the less frequently isolated absidia corymbifera. we then evaluated the effects of interferon (ifn)- gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ... | 2005 | 15747255 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of a lipase produced by rhizopus oryzae. | a novel strain of rhizopus oryzae wpg secretes a noninduced lipase (rolw) in the culture medium; purified rolw is a protein of 29 kda, the 45 n-terminal amino acid residues were sequenced, this sequence is very homologous to rhizopus delemar lipase (rdl), rhizopus niveus lipase (rnl) and r. oryzae lipase (rol29) sequences; the cloning and sequencing of the part of the gene encoding the mature rolw, shows two nucleotides differences with rdl, rnl and rol29 sequences corresponding to the change of ... | 2006 | 16842350 |
| combined effect of the methanol utilization (mut) phenotype and gene dosage on recombinant protein production in pichia pastoris fed-batch cultures. | an important number of heterologous proteins have been produced in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris using the alcohol oxidase promoter. two factors that drastically influence protein production and cultivation process development in this system are gene dosage and methanol assimilation capacity of the host strain (mut phenotype). using a battery of four strains which secrete a rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol), the combined effects of gene dosage and mut phenotype on recombinant protein produ ... | 2005 | 15748759 |
| primary renal zygomycosis due to rhizopus oryzae. | primary renal zygomycosis is a rare fungal infection, and only 45 cases have been reported in the literature. the major etiologic agents of the disease were mucor spp., rhizomucor spp., rhizopus spp. and absidia spp. here we report a case of primary renal zygomycosis due to rhizopus oryzae infection. the patient had systemic lupus erythematosus and was treated with corticosteroids. he had frequent micturition, urodynia and passed amorphous and membranous-looking masses through the urethra severa ... | 2006 | 16882613 |
| construction of a pichia pastoris cell-surface display system using flo1p anchor system. | a pichia pastoris cell-surface display system was constructed using a flo1p anchor system, which was developed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the lipase from rhizopus oryzae with a pro sequence (prorol) was used as the model protein and was genetically fused to the anchor consisting of amino acids 1-1099 of flo1p (fs anchor). the resulting fusion protein fsprorol was expressed under the control of the alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (paox1). the fluorescence microscopy of immunolabeled p. pastoris cell ... | 2006 | 16889374 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene rpg1 encoding polygalacturonase of rhizopus oryzae. | the polygalacturonase (pg)-encoding gene (rpg1) of rhizopus oryzae, the causal pathogen of rhizopus rot of mulberry, was cloned and sequenced. pgs were partially purified from incubation mixture of 2% pectin medium and their n-terminal amino acid sequences were determined by a gas-phase protein sequencer. rt-pcr was performed using degenerate primers designed from the amino acid sequences, which resulted in part of a pg-encoding gene being obtained. by 3'-race and tail-pcr analyses, the entire r ... | 2004 | 15757176 |
| adsorption behavior of rhodamine b on rhizopus oryzae biomass. | the removal of a carcinogenic dye rhodamine b (c. i. 45170) from wastewater by biomass of different moulds and yeasts is described. among all of the fungal species tested, the biomass of rhizopus oryzae mtcc 262 is found to be the most effective. dye adsorption reaches maximum with the biomass harvested from the early stationary phase of growth. the optimum temperature and ph for adsorption are observed to be 40 degrees c and 7.0, respectively. the adsorption rate is very fast initially and atta ... | 2006 | 16893225 |
| stemodane skeletal rearrangement: chemistry and microbial transformation. | solvolytic rearrangement of the c/d ring system of the tetracyclic diterpenoid stemodinone (2) afforded the compounds 15(13-->12)abeo-13beta-hydroxystemaran-2-one (5) and 15(8-->9)abeo-8beta(h)-12beta-hydroxystachan-2-one (10). terpene 5 possesses a novel diterpene skeleton. oxidation of these compounds yielded their respective diketones. bioconversion of 5 by rhizopus oryzae yielded 15(13-->12)abeo-7beta,13beta-dihydroxystemaran-2-one (18) while microbial transformation of 10 provided 15(8-->9) ... | 2005 | 15845408 |
| deferiprone iron chelation as a novel therapy for experimental mucormycosis. | patients treated with the iron chelator deferoxamine are known to be more susceptible to mucormycosis. however, while deferoxamine is an iron chelator from the perspective of the human host, deferoxamine actually serves as a siderophore, delivering free iron to rhizopus oryzae, the major cause of mucormycosis. other iron chelators, including deferiprone, which do not deliver iron to r. oryzae have been described. we therefore sought to determine whether iron-chelation therapy with deferiprone wo ... | 2006 | 16928702 |
| functionality of selected strains of moulds and yeasts from vietnamese rice wine starters. | the role of starch-degrading mycelial fungi, and the alcohol production and ethanol tolerance of the yeasts isolated from selected vietnamese traditional rice wine starters were examined, and optimum conditions for these essential steps in rice wine fermentation were determined. of pure isolates from vietnamese rice wine starters, mould strains identified as amylomyces rouxii, amylomyces aff. rouxii, rhizopus oligosporus and rhizopus oryzae, were superior in starch degradation, glucose productio ... | 2006 | 16943022 |
| cutaneous mucormycosis in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia. | we describe a patient with invasive necrotizing cutaneous mucormycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae. the patient, who had been suffering from acute lymphocytic leukemia (all) for eight months, had erythema and necrosis surrounded by swelling on the dorsum of his left hand. debridement was performed, and microscopic examination of the obtained specimens revealed mucormycosis. because amphotericin b was ineffective, amputation at the left shoulder joint was performed. bone marrow transplantation (bmt ... | 2005 | 15863849 |
| a rhizopus oryzae strain isolated from resected bone and soft tissue specimens from a sinonasal and palatal mucormycosis case. report of a case and in vitro experiments of yeastlike cell development. | we report a histologically and mycologically proven sinonasal mucormycosis case causing palatal necrosis in a nondiabetic patient with renal failure. mycological examination of giemsa stained imprinted tissue preparations revealed abundant yeast-like cells besides the typical mucoraceous hyphae. the fungus was isolated from surgical specimens and identified as rhizopus oryzae by phenotypic and genotypic tests. laboratory studies were performed to investigate the association of the yeast-like cel ... | 2006 | 16966168 |
| molecular basis for enhanced activity of posaconazole against absidia corymbifera and rhizopus oryzae. | posaconazole and itraconazole were more potent inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis, in both intact cells and cell extracts from absidia corymbifera and rhizopus oryzae, than voriconazole and fluconazole. similarly, expression of cyp51 from r. oryzae in saccharomyces cerevisiae significantly increased resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole but not to posaconazole and itraconazole. | 2006 | 16966400 |
| direct fermentation of potato starch wastewater to lactic acid by rhizopus oryzae and rhizopus arrhizus. | the biochemical kinetic of direct fermentation for lactic acid production by fungal species of rhizopus arrhizus 3,6017 and rhizopus oryzae 2,062 was studied with respect to growth ph, temperature and substrate. the direct fermentation was characterized by starch hydrolysis, accumulation of reducing sugar, and production of lactic acid and fungal biomass. starch hydrolysis, reducing sugar accumulation, biomass formation and lactic acid production were affected with the variations in ph, temperat ... | 2005 | 15947951 |
| cloning, disruption and protein secretory phenotype of the gas1 homologue of pichia pastoris. | the aim of the study was the identification, cloning and disruption of the gas1 homologue of pichia pastoris. gas1p is a glycoprotein anchored to the outer layer of the plasma membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchor. gas1p is a beta-1,3-glucanosyltransglycosylase (ec 2.4.1.-). this cross-linking enzyme highly affects the structure and permeability of the yeast cell wall. the gene coding for the gas1 homologue of p. pastoris was cloned by pcr, and its functionality was proven ... | 2006 | 17020547 |
| outbreak of cutaneous rhizopus arrhizus infection associated with karaya ostomy bags. | we investigated an outbreak involving 2 patients hospitalized at hospital a with cutaneous rhizopus arrhizus (oryzae) infections of surgically created stomas. | 2006 | 17029127 |
| amino acid regions of family 45 endoglucanases involved in cotton defibrillation and in resistance to anionic surfactants and oxidizing agents. | in the detergent industry, fungal endoglucanases are used to release microfibrils from the surfaces of dyed cellulosic fabrics to enhance color brightness. family 45 endoglucanase (glycoside hydrolase family 45, gh45) egl3 from humicola grisea is more resistant to anionic surfactants and oxidizing agents than family 45 endoglucanase rce1 from rhizopus oryzae, while in the present study, a catalytic domain of rce1 had higher defibrillation activity on dyed cotton fabrics than did that of egl3. to ... | 2006 | 17031034 |
| in vitro susceptibility of 15 strains of zygomycetes to nine antifungal agents as determined by the nccls m38-a microdilution method. | the in vitro susceptibility of 15 strains of six genera of zygomycetes including rhizopus oryzae (rhizopus arrhizus), rhizopus stolonifer, mucor circinelloides (three), absidia corymbifera (three), rhizomucor pusillus (three), cunninghamella bertholletiae (two), and syncephalastrum racemosum (two) to nine antifungal agents were determined by the nccls m38-a broth microdilution method. geometric means of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) were: amphotericin b 0.07 mg l(-1) (range 0.03-0. ... | 2005 | 15982206 |
| an early evolutionary origin for the minor spliceosome. | the minor spliceosome is a ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyses the removal of an atypical class of spliceosomal introns (u12-type) from eukaryotic messenger rnas. it was first identified and characterized in animals, where it was found to contain several unique rna constituents that share structural similarity with and seem to be functionally analogous to the small nuclear rnas (snrnas) contained in the major spliceosome. subsequently, minor spliceosomal components and u12-type introns have ... | 2006 | 17051219 |
| zygomycosis. | zygomycosis is an invasive mycotic disease caused by fungi in the class zygomycetes. within this class, the most common species associated with infection include absidia corymbifera, apophysomyces elegans, cunninghamella bertholletiae, rhizomucor pusillus, rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis, and rhizopus arrhizus. these fungi all produce characteristic hyphal forms in tissue that are variable in width, produce haphazard branching, and lack septation. although these fungi are ubiquitous in ... | 2004 | 16088464 |
| continuous fixed bed biosorption of reactive dyes by dried rhizopus arrhizus: determination of column capacity. | a continuous fixed bed study was carried out by using dried rhizopus arrhizus as a biosorbent for the removal of three reactive dyes; gemacion (procion) red h-e7b (gr), a monoclorotriazine mono-azo type reactive dye; gemazol turquise blue-g (gtb), a vinyl sulfone mono-azo type reactive dye and gemactive (reactive) black hfgr (gb), a vinyl sulfone di-azo type reactive dye from aqueous solution. the effect of operating parameters such as flow rate and inlet dye concentration on the sorption charac ... | 2007 | 17070992 |
| application of response surface methodology for the biosorption of copper using rhizopus arrhizus. | response surface methodology was used to study the cumulative effect of the various parameters namely, initial copper ion concentration, ph, temperature, biomass loading and to optimize the process conditions for the maximum removal of copper. for obtaining the mutual interaction between the variables and optimizing these variables, a 2(4) full factorial central composite design using response surface methodology was employed. the analysis of variance (anova) of the quadratic model demonstrates ... | 2007 | 17084526 |