| detection and characterization of two co-infection variant strains of avian orthoreovirus (arv) in young layer chickens using next-generation sequencing (ngs). | using next-generation sequencing (ngs) for full genomic characterization studies of the newly emerging avian orthoreovirus (arv) field strains isolated in pennsylvania poultry, we identified two co-infection arv variant strains from one arv isolate obtained from arv-affected young layer chickens. the de novo assembly of the arv reads generated 19 contigs of two different arv variant strains according to 10 genome segments of each arv strain. the two variants had the same m2 segment. the complete ... | 2016 | 27089943 |
| detection and molecular characterization of chicken astrovirus associated with chicks that have an unusual condition known as "white chicks" in brazil. | chicken astrovirus (castv) is one of many viruses related to enteric diseases in poultry that are associated with runting-stunting syndrome (rss), which affects young chickens. castv was also recently associated with an unusual condition in chicks called "white chicks." some hatcheries in certain states of brazil have reported several incubation problems, mortality, and the presence of chicks with white plumages over the past several months. these chicks were termed locally as "white chicks." th ... | 2016 | 26976903 |
| molecular detection of chicken parvovirus in broilers with enteric disorders presenting curving of duodenal loop, pancreatic atrophy, and mesenteritis. | enteric disorders are an important cause of economic losses in broiler chickens worldwide. several agents have been associated with enteric problems, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. in this study, broiler chickens showing signs of enteric disorders were subjected to molecular diagnosis for several viral agents and also for pathological examination for elucidating this problem. thus, the chickens were screened for avian nephritis virus (anv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian rotavirus ... | 2016 | 26908891 |
| a duck reovirus variant with a unique deletion in the sigma c gene exhibiting high pathogenicity in pekin ducklings. | a novel strain of duck reovirus (drv) associated with a high mortality in pekin ducklings in china, 2013, was isolated and characterized. this strain (designated as hn5d) grew well in vero cells and produced marked cytopathic effects. hn5d contains 10 dsrna genome segments, a typical feature of avian orthoreovirus. following cloning, sequencing, and sequence analysis of the genome segments, a unique deletion of 18 amino acids was found in the sigma c protein of hn5d when compared with that of th ... | 2016 | 26829009 |
| whole genome alignment based one-step real-time rt-pcr for universal detection of avian orthoreoviruses of chicken, pheasant and turkey origins. | newly emerging avian orthoreovirus (arv) variants have been continuously detected in pennsylvania poultry since 2011. in this paper, we report our recent diagnostic assay development of one-step real-time rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) for the rapid and universal detection of all arvs or reference strains of chicken, pheasant and turkey origins and six σc genotypes of the newly emerging field arv variants in pennsylvania (pa) poultry. primers and probes for the rrt-pcr were designed from the conserved region ... | 2016 | 26812128 |
| a critical role of lamp-1 in avian reovirus p10 degradation associated with inhibition of apoptosis and virus release. | avian reovirus (arv) causes viral arthritis, chronic respiratory diseases, retarded growth and malabsorption syndrome. the arv p10 protein, a viroporin responsible for the induction of cell syncytium formation and apoptosis, is rapidly degraded in host cells. however, the mechanism of p10 degradation and its relevance are still unclear. we report here the identification of cellular lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (lamp-1) as an interaction partner of p10 by yeast two-hybrid screening, imm ... | 2016 | 26744063 |
| simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken viruses using a gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay. | immunosuppressive viruses are frequently found as co-infections in the chicken industry, potentially causing serious economic losses. because traditional molecular biology methods have limited detection ability, a rapid, high-throughput method for the differential diagnosis of these viruses is needed. the objective of this study is to develop a genomelab gene expression profiler analyser-based multiplex pcr method (gexp-multiplex pcr) for simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken ... | 2015 | 26715327 |
| phylogenetic analysis of a novel reassortant orthoreovirus strain detected in partridge (perdix perdix). | avian orthoreoviruses cause various diseases in wild birds and domesticated poultry. in this study we report the detection and genomic characterization of a partridge (perdix perdix) origin reovirus strain, d1007/2008. the virus was isolated on cell culture from acute pneumonia and infra-orbital sinusitis. the 23,497 nucleotide long genome sequence was obtained by combined use of semiconductor and capillary sequencing. sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that the partridge reovirus strain ... | 2016 | 26597720 |
| interferon induction by avian reovirus. | we have previously shown that the replication of avian reovirus (arv) in chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) is more resistant to the antiviral action of interferon (ifn) than the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) or vaccinia virus (vv). in this study we examined the capacity of these three viruses to induce the expression of ifn when infecting avian cells. efficient expression of both type-α and type-β ifns, as well as of the double-stranded rna (dsrna)-activated protein kinase (pkr) ... | 2016 | 26517397 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants and novel strains in pennsylvania, usa, 2011-2014. | avian reovirus (arv) infections of broiler and turkey flocks have caused significant clinical disease and economic losses in pennsylvania (pa) since 2011. most of the arv-infected birds suffered from severe arthritis, tenosynovitis, pericarditis and depressed growth or runting-stunting syndrome (rss). a high morbidity (up to 20% to 40%) was observed in arv-affected flocks, and the flock mortality was occasionally as high as 10%. arv infections in turkeys were diagnosed for the first time in pa i ... | 2015 | 26469681 |
| using ic-tagging methodology for production and purification of epitope-loaded protein microspheres for vaccination. | particulate material is more efficient in eliciting immune responses. here we describe the production of microspheres formed by protein muns-mi from avian reoviruses, loaded with foreign epitopes by means of ic-tagging, for their use as vaccines. | 2016 | 26458827 |
| correction: avian reovirus protein p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor leading to activation of p53, p21 and pten and inactivation of pi3k/akt/mtor and erk signaling pathways. | | 2015 | 26368931 |
| nuclear localization of the p17 protein of avian reovirus is correlated with autophagy induction and an increase in viral replication. | p17 is a nonstructural protein of avian reovirus (arv) that induces autophagy in infected cells. in the present study, we investigated the effect of p17 and its nuclear localization signal (nls) on autophagy and viral replication. when vero cells and df1 cells were transfected with mutant p17 in which lysine (k) at position 122 and arginine (r) at position 123 were mutated to alanine (a), the expression level of lc3 ii decreased dramatically after transfection. the expression of the polypeptide ... | 2015 | 26350773 |
| genotyping and classification of tunisian strains of avian reovirus using rt-pcr and rflp analysis. | since 1998, avian reovirus (arv) infection has been detected in broiler and breeding chicken flocks in tunisia. the genotype of avian reoviruses was established using simple and rapid approaches. reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) on both sigma c (σc) and sigma b (σb)-encoding genes followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses were used to better characterize tunisian isolated strains. the rt-pcr amplified fragments of 738 and 540 bp for σc- and σb-encoding genes, respect ... | 2015 | 26292528 |
| avian reovirus protein p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor leading to activation of p53, p21 and pten and inactivation of pi3k/akt/mtor and erk signaling pathways. | avian reovirus (arv) protein p17 has been shown to regulate cell cycle and autophagy by activation of p53/pten pathway; nevertheless, it is still unclear how p53 and pten are activated by p17. here, we report for the first time that p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor that leads to p53 nuclear accumulation and consequently activates p53, p21, and pten. the nuclear localization signal (119iaakrgrqld128) of p17 has been identified for tpr binding. this study has shown that tpr suppressio ... | 2015 | 26244501 |
| genomic characterization of a novel avian arthritis orthoreovirus variant by next-generation sequencing. | by using next-generation sequencing (ngs) technology, we have identified a divergent avian orthoreovirus (arv) field variant (reo/pa/broiler/15511/13, or pa15511), isolated from broiler chickens with viral arthritis in pennsylvania in 2013. the complete genome of the pa15511 field strain was 23,495 bp in length with 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. the lengths of the genomic segments ranged from 1192 bp (s4) to 3958 bp (l1). genomic analysis has revealed that this virus is distinct ... | 2015 | 26234183 |
| evidence that avian reovirus σns is an rna chaperone: implications for genome segment assortment. | reoviruses are important human, animal and plant pathogens having 10-12 segments of double-stranded genomic rna. the mechanisms controlling the assortment and packaging of genomic segments in these viruses, remain poorly understood. rna-protein and rna-rna interactions between viral genomic segment precursors have been implicated in the process. while non-structural viral rna-binding proteins, such as avian reovirus σns, are essential for virus replication, the mechanism by which they assist pac ... | 2015 | 26109354 |
| autophagy inhibitors reduce avian-reovirus-mediated apoptosis in cultured cells and in chicken embryos. | avian reovirus (arv)-induced apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of reovirus in infected chickens. however, methods for effectively reducing arv-triggered apoptosis remain to be explored. here, we show that pretreatment with chloroquine (cq) or e64d plus pepstatin a decreases arv-mediated apoptosis in chicken df-1 cells. by acting as autophagy inhibitors, cq and e64d plus pepstatin a increase microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-ii (lc3ii) accumulation in arv-infected cells, whic ... | 2015 | 25925704 |
| a duplex real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantification of avian reovirus and mycoplasma synoviae. | infectious arthritis in broilers represents an economic and health problem, resulting in severe losses due to retarded growth and downgrading at the slaughterhouse. the most common agents associated with cases of infectious arthritis in poultry are avian reovirus (arv) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms). the accurate differentiation and rapid diagnosis of arv and ms are essential prerequisites for the effective control and prevention of these avian pathogens in poultry flocks. this study thus aimed to ... | 2015 | 25889592 |
| critical role of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eef1a1) in avian reovirus sigma-c-induced apoptosis and inhibition of viral growth. | avian reovirus (arv) causes viral arthritis, chronic respiratory diseases, retarded growth and malabsorption syndrome. it is well established that the arv sigma-c protein induces apoptosis in host cells. however, the underlying molecular mechanism of this induction is still unclear. we report here the identification of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eef1a1) as the interacting partner of σc. we found that σc-induced apoptosis in df-1 cells could be completely abolished by knockdown of ee ... | 2015 | 25854689 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of m-class genome segments of novel duck reovirus np03. | we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the entire m1, m2, and m3 genome segments of the novel duck reovirus (ndrv) np03. alignment between the newly determined nucleotide sequences as well as their deduced amino acid sequences and the published sequences of avian reovirus (arv) was carried out with dnastar software. sequence comparison showed that the m2 gene had the most variability among the m-class genes of drv. phylogenetic analysis of the m-class genes of arv strains revealed d ... | 2015 | 25852231 |
| avian reovirus replication in mononuclear phagocytes in chicken footpad and spleen after footpad inoculation. | circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages were suggested to be susceptible to avian reovirus (arv) infection. to determine if arv infects and replicates in mononuclear phagocytes (kul01-positive cells), we infected 3-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with arv strain 2408 by inoculation of the left footpad. the left footpads and spleens were collected for analysis at 1.5 and 2.5 d after inoculation. replication of arv in the footpad and spleen was demonstrated by detection of the viral p ... | 2015 | 25852223 |
| genomic characterization of a turkey reovirus field strain by next-generation sequencing. | the genome of a turkey arthritis reovirus (tarv) field strain (reo/pa/turkey/22342/13), isolated from a turkey flock in pennsylvania (pa) in 2013, has been sequenced using next-generation sequencing (ngs) on the illumina miseq platform. the genome of the pa tarv field strain was 23,496bp in length with 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. the lengths of the genomic segments ranged from 1192bp (s4) to 3959bp (l1). the 5' and 3' conserved terminal sequences of the pa tarv field strain wer ... | 2015 | 25841748 |
| isolation of chicken astrovirus from specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs. | astroviruses have been associated with enteric disorders in many animal species, including chickens. here, we describe the isolation, propagation, and pathological characteristics of chicken astrovirus (castv) in specific pathogen free (spf) chicken embryonated eggs (cee) from chickens with diarrhea and runting-stunting syndrome. the cee were inoculated via the yolk sac route. viral confirmation was carried out using pcr techniques and transmission electron microscopy negative staining with ammo ... | 2015 | 25805833 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel orthoreovirus from a brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. | five species, mammalian orthoreovirus, avian orthoreovirus (arv), nelson bay orthoreovirus (nbv), baboon orthoreovirus and reptilian orthoreovirus, have been identified in the genus orthoreovirus. their genomes each consist of 10 dsrna segments. a novel orthoreovirus was isolated from the haemorrhagic intestine of a dead brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. the virus formed syncytia in caco-2 and vero cells. electron microscopy revealed non-enveloped capsids of ~70 nm diameter, wh ... | 2015 | 25740958 |
| genomic characterization of a broiler reovirus field strain detected in pennsylvania. | avian reovirus (arv) infections have been increasingly diagnosed in pennsylvania (pa) from 2011 to the present time. a field arv strain (reo/pa/broiler/05682/12) isolated from sick broilers suffered from severe arthritis/tenosynovitis of a pa broiler flock was conducted full genome sequence studies using rt-pcr and race techniques. the complete genome of the pa broiler arv field strain was 23,494bp in length with an approximately 50% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. ... | 2015 | 25660035 |
| postvaccinal reovirus infection with high mortality in breeder chicks. | a broiler breeder flock was subcutaneously vaccinated at the hatchery with a live avian orthoreovirus (arv) vaccine against viral arthritis. chicks began to die at 3 days of age and postmortem examination revealed massive subcutaneous hemorrhages and edema on the dorsal aspect of the neck at the site of vaccination, a severe necrotic hepatitis, and pulmonary edema. microscopically, the main lesion was a multifocal vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of randomly distributed small groups of hepatoc ... | 2014 | 25619015 |
| avian reovirus s1133-induced apoptosis is associated with bip/grp79-mediated bim translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum. | in this study the mechanism of avian reovirus (arv) s1133-induced pathogenesis was investigated, with a focus on the contribution of er stress to apoptosis. our results showed that upregulation of the er stress response protein, as well as caspase-3 activation, occurred in arv s1133-infected cultured cells and in spf white leghorn chicks organs. upon infection, bim was translocated specifically to the er, but not mitochondria, in the middle to late infectious stages. in addition, arv s1133 induc ... | 2015 | 25576194 |
| acoustic trapping as a generic non-contact incubation site for multiplex bead-based assays. | in this study, we show a significantly reduced assay time and a greatly increased bead recovery for a commercial luminex-based multiplex diagnostic immunoassay by performing all liquid handling steps of the assay protocol in a non-contact acoustic trapping platform. the luminex assay is designed for detecting antibodies in poultry serum for infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus and avian reovirus. here, we show proof-of-concept of a microfluidic sy ... | 2015 | 25467518 |
| the p10 fast protein fusion peptide functions as a cystine noose to induce cholesterol-dependent liposome fusion without liposome tubulation. | the reovirus p10 fusion-associated small transmembrane (fast) proteins are the smallest known membrane fusion proteins, and evolved specifically to mediate cell-cell, rather than virus-cell, membrane fusion. the 36-40-residue ectodomains of avian reovirus (arv) and nelson bay reovirus (nbv) p10 contain an essential intramolecular disulfide bond required for both cell-cell fusion and lipid mixing between liposomes. to more clearly define the functional, biochemical and biophysical features of thi ... | 2015 | 25450808 |
| the development and evaluation of cross-priming amplification for the detection of avian reovirus. | the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate cross-priming amplification (cpa) for the detection of avian reovirus (arv). | 2015 | 25425151 |
| complete genome sequence of an avian reovirus isolated from wild mallard ducks in china. | we report here the complete sequence of novel duck reovirus (n-drv) strain sd12 isolated from diseased wild mallard ducklings in the shandong province of china in 2012. the complete genome consists of 23,420 nucleotide base pairs (bp), including 10 segments ranging from 1,191 bp (s4) to 3,959 bp (l1). | 2014 | 25237015 |
| avian reovirus-triggered apoptosis enhances both virus spread and the processing of the viral nonstructural muns protein. | avian reovirus non-structural protein muns is partially cleaved in infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells to produce a 55-kda carboxyterminal protein, termed munsc, and a 17-kda aminoterminal polypeptide, designated munsn. in this study we demonstrate that muns processing is catalyzed by a caspase 3-like protease activated during the course of avian reovirus infection. the cleavage site was mapped by site directed mutagenesis between residues asp-154 and ala-155 of the muns sequence. although ... | 2014 | 25092461 |
| molecular characterization of l class genome segments of a newly isolated turkey arthritis reovirus. | seven strains of turkey arthritis reovirus (tarv) isolated from cases of turkey arthritis were characterized on the basis of their l class genome segment sequences, which were then compared with those of turkey enteric reovirus (terv) and chicken reovirus (crv). all three l class gene segments of tarvs and tervs and their encoded proteins λa, λb, and λc were similar in size to those of crv reference strain s1133. the conserved motifs such as c2h2 zinc-binding motif and conserved polymerase regio ... | 2014 | 25057811 |
| vp2, vp7, and ns1 proteins of bluetongue virus targeted in avian reovirus muns-mi microspheres elicit a protective immune response in ifnar(-/-) mice. | vaccination is critical for controlling the spread of bluetongue virus (btv). the inactivated btv vaccines that are now being used in europe are effective in preventing outbreaks of btv but secondary effects associated to repetitive inoculation of aluminum-containing adjuvants and the need to develop safer, cross-reactive, and more efficacious vaccines with differential diagnostic capability have re-stimulated the interest in developing improved vaccination strategies against btv. we have engine ... | 2014 | 25057758 |
| characterization of s class gene segments of a newly isolated turkey arthritis reovirus. | we report on the complete characterization of s class gene segments of 12 newly isolated turkey arthritis reoviruses (tarvs) and compare it with that of a turkey enteric reovirus (terv). phylogenetic analysis of s2, s3 and s4 genome segments revealed grouping of all tarvs into two lineages while, on the basis of s1 genome segment, only one lineage was found. all tarvs had 95-100% nucleotide identity based on sigma c protein sequences (s1 segment) but varied from 90-100%, 88.9-100% and 88.7-100% ... | 2014 | 25043587 |
| simultaneous typing of nine avian respiratory pathogens using a novel gexp analyzer-based multiplex pcr assay. | a new, rapid, and high-throughput genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyzer-based multiplex pcr method was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of nine avian respiratory pathogens. the respiratory pathogens included in this study were avian influenza subtypes h5, h7, and h9, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), mycoplasma synoviae (ms) and haemophilus paragallinarum ... | 2014 | 25025815 |
| occurrence of reovirus infection in muscovy ducks (cairina moschata) in south western poland. | during the summer 2012 an incidence of high mortality, above 44 percent, in two flocks of muscovy ducklings in poland was noted. the clinical signs included considerable weight loss and inability to walk. during the post-mortem evaluations dehydration and enteritis, gouty kidneys as well as hemorrhagic liver and spleen lesions were found. the laboratory diagnosis included agar gel precipitation assay (agp) as well as polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or reverse transcription pcr for the presence o ... | 2014 | 24988856 |
| use of igy antibody to recombinant avian reovirus σc protein in the virus diagnostics. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important agent of several diseases causing considerable losses in poultry farming. an outer capsid protein (σc) of arv, is known as a virus-cell attachment protein essential for virus infectivity. in this study, the σc gene of arv was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the expressed recombinant protein was used as immunogen for raising a specific igy antibody in laying hens. at 14 weeks post immunization, the antibody titers in serum and egg yolk reached 302,00 ... | 2014 | 24957714 |
| rapid detection of mycoplasma synoviae and avian reovirus in clinical samples of poultry using multiplex pcr. | mycoplasma synoviae and avian reovirus (arv) are associated with several disease syndromes in poultry and cause notable global economic losses in the poultry industry. rapid and efficient diagnostics for these avian pathogens are important not only for disease control but also for prevention of clinical disease progression. however, current diagnostic methods used for surveillance of these diseases in poultry flocks are laborious and time-consuming, and they have low sensitivity. the multiplex p ... | 2013 | 24689177 |
| retraction. avian reovirus nonstructural protein p17-induced g2/m cell cycle arrest and host cellular protein translation shutoff involve activation of p53-dependent pathways. | | 2014 | 24425695 |
| complete genome analysis identifies tvärminne avian virus as a candidate new species within the genus orthoreovirus. | orthoreoviruses have been associated with a variety of diseases in domesticated poultry and wild-living birds. in 2002, a reovirus strain named tvärminne avian virus (tvav), was identified in finland in a crow showing neurological disorders. the objective of this study was the molecular characterization of this novel reovirus strain. genome sequencing was performed by combining semiconductor sequencing and traditional capillary sequencing. sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that tvav shar ... | 2014 | 24421111 |
| [orthoreoviruses]. | members of the genus orthoreovirus in the family reoviridae are nonenveloped, icosahedral viruses. their genomes contain 10 segments of double-stranded rna (dsrna). the orthoreoviruses are divided into two subgroups, the fusogenic and nonfusogenic reoviruses, based on the ability of the virus to induce cell-to-cell fusion. the fusogenic subgroup consists of the avian reovirus, baboon reovirus, pteropine reovirus, and reptilian reovirus, whereas the nonfusogenic subgroup consists of the prototypi ... | 2014 | 26437841 |
| sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of an avian reovirus genome. | avian reovirus infection causes considerable economic loss to the commercial poultry industry. live-attenuated vaccine strain s1133 (v-s1133, derived from parent strain s1133) is considered the safest and most effective vaccine and is currently used worldwide. to identify the genes responsible for its attenuation, dna sequences of open reading frames (orf) of s1133 and its parent strains s1133, 1733, 526, and c78 along with three field isolates (guangxir1, guangxir2, and gx110058) and one isolat ... | 2014 | 24368760 |
| antigenic analysis of monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of σb protein of avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) causes arthritis, tenosynovitis, runting-stunting syndrome (rss), malabsorption syndrome (mas) and immunosuppression in chickens. σb is one of the major structural proteins of arv, which is able to induce group-specific antibodies against the virus. | 2013 | 24312314 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a classical muscovy duck reovirus isolated in zhejiang, china. | a classical muscovy reovirus was isolated from a sick muscovy duck with white necrotic foci in its liver in zhejiang, china, in 2000. this classical reovirus was propagated in a chicken fibroblast cell line (df-1) with obvious cytopathic effects. its genome was 22,967 bp in length, with approximately 51.41% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 11 proteins, which formed a 3/3/4 electrophoretic page profile pattern. the length of the genomic segments was similar to those of avian orthoreovir ... | 2013 | 24140560 |
| molecular survey of enteric viruses in commercial chicken farms in korea with a history of enteritis. | several enteric viruses have increasingly received attention as potential causative agents of runting-stunting syndrome (rss) in chickens. a molecular survey was performed to determine the presence of a broad range of enteric viruses, namely chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), chicken parvovirus (chpv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian rotavirus (avrv), avian reovirus (arv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv), in intestinal samples derived from 34 commercial chicken flocks t ... | 2013 | 24135590 |
| identification of a linear b-cell epitope on avian reovirus protein sigmac. | sigmac (σc) protein, which mediates virus attachment to target cells, is the most variable proteins of avian reovirus (arv). it is responsible for inducing protective antibody immune responses in animals. to understand the antigenic determinants of σc protein, a set of partially overlapping and consecutive peptides spanning σc were expressed and then screened with the monoclonal antibody (mab) 2b5 directed against σc. the mab 2b5 recognized peptides with the σc motif (45)ellhrsisdisttv(58). furt ... | 2013 | 24076298 |
| complete genome sequences of an avian orthoreovirus isolated from guangxi, china. | we report the complete genomic sequences of an avian orthoreovirus, strain guangxir1, isolated from a chicken flock in guangxi province, southern china, in 2000. phylogenetic analyses suggest that the strain is closely related to the s1133 strain, which is associated with tenosynovitis, but is far different from strain avs-b, which is associated with runting-stunting syndrome in broilers. | 2013 | 23846280 |
| detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by real-time pcr in naturally and experimentally infected chickens. | infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) is an acute, highly contagious upper-respiratory infectious disease of chickens. in this study, a real-time pcr method was developed for fast and accurate detection and quantitation of iltv dna of chickens experimentally infected with iltv strain ljs09 and naturally infected chickens. the detection lower limit of the assay was 10 copies of dna. there were no cross reactions with the dna and rna of infectious bursal disease virus, chicken anemia virus, reticuloe ... | 2013 | 23840745 |
| suppression of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus us3 protein kinase through the activation of pi3-k/akt and nf-κb pathways. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) is a major viral disease that causes huge economic loss in the pig industry globally. most viruses have been found to generate anti-apoptotic factors that facilitate cell survival in the early stages of infection. this study aimed to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of prv and study the underlying mechanisms in the early stage of infection. we investigated and compared whether the two prv us3 isoforms, us3a and us3b, could block apoptosis induced by virus infec ... | 2013 | 23835241 |
| complete sequence of a reovirus associated with necrotic focus formation in the liver and spleen of muscovy ducklings. | the complete sequence of a reovirus, strain 815-12 associated with necrotic focus formation in the liver and spleen of muscovy ducklings in china, was determined and compared with sequences of other duck-, goose-, and chicken-origin reoviruses. the 815-12 genome comprised 22,969 bp with 10 dsrna segments ranging from 1125 bp (s4) to 3958 bp (l1), all of which (except s4) were almost identical in length to the cognate segments of other waterfowl and chicken isolates. detailed analyses revealed th ... | 2013 | 23820048 |
| serosurvey for selected infectious agents in two sympatric species of cormorants (phalacrocorax atriceps and phalacrocorax magellanicus) from coastal patagonia, argentina. | we conducted a serologic survey for selected infectious agents on two sympatric cormorants, the imperial cormorant (phalacrocorax atriceps) and the rock shag (phalacrocorax magellanicus). blood was collected from 267 imperial cormorants and 106 rock shags at 17 colonies along the patagonia atlantic shore during nine breeding seasons (1994, 1999-2001-2005-2008-2010). antibodies to four pathogens were common to both species and frequently observed: avian paramyxovirus type 1 (56% of imperial cormo ... | 2013 | 23778597 |
| detection and characterization of a divergent avian reovirus strain from a broiler chicken with central nervous system disease. | avian orthoreoviruses have been associated with a variety of diseases in chickens, including tenosynovitis, runting-stunting syndrome, hepatitis, myocarditis, osteoporosis, respiratory diseases, and central nervous system disease. the primary objective of our study was the molecular characterization of an avian reovirus strain, t1781, which was isolated from a broiler chicken with a central nervous system disorder in hungary during 2012. the complete genome sequence was determined using a tradit ... | 2013 | 23771766 |
| [gene sequence analysis and prokaryotic expression of sigmab protein of muscovy duck reovirus yb strain]. | muscovy ducks reovirus (drv) is an important pathogen with a high mortality rate in muscovy ducks, the researches in the test and the immunity were useful for the prevention and control of drv infection. in this study, the s3 genes of the three fujian drvs were cloned by rt-pcr and sequencing technology. it was found that drv-yh and yjl were close to avian reovirus (arv) in the genetic distance, with high identities ranged from 94. 6% to 98. 9%, however, the identities of drv-yb strain and refer ... | 2013 | 23757851 |
| identification of a new reovirus causing substantial losses in broiler production in france, despite routine vaccination of breeders. | numerous cases of tenosynovitis appeared in france causing high morbidity in free-range and standard broilers. the main clinical findings were lameness, stunting and non-uniform bodyweights. although the natural mortality was low, the economic losses due to birds that had to be removed from the flock prematurely, downgrading of carcases and lower average weights at slaughter were substantial. postmortem examinations, bacteriological, virological and serological examination confirmed the aetiolog ... | 2013 | 23636701 |
| anti-neoplastic effect of avian reovirus σ c protein on rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors in chicken. | this study investigated the anti-neoplastic potential of avian reovirus σc (sigma c) protein on rous sarcoma virus-induced fibrosarcoma in chicken. the recombinant vector expressing σc protein was injected intra-tumorally into specific pathogen free chicken with fibro-sarcoma at the dose 100µg per bird, while control birds were mock-treated with 100µg of empty vector per bird. recombinant σc protein induced apoptosis in tumors of treated birds resulting in progressive tumor regression, while sim ... | 2013 | 23530826 |
| molecular characterization of avian reovirus isolates in tunisia. | genotype analyses of avian reoviruses isolated from organ samples collected from chickens with suspicious clinical symptoms, between 1997-2008, was based on sequences for both σc and σb genes and aligned with those published in the genbank, making it possible to carry out studies of molecular classification and relationships. | 2013 | 23289825 |
| the p17 nonstructural protein of avian reovirus triggers autophagy enhancing virus replication via activation of phosphatase and tensin deleted on chromosome 10 (pten) and amp-activated protein kinase (ampk), as well as dsrna-dependent protein kinase (pkr)/eif2α signaling pathways. | autophagy has been shown to facilitate replication or production of avian reovirus (arv); nevertheless, how arv induces autophagy remains largely unknown. here, we demonstrate that the nonstructural protein p17 of arv functions as an activator of autophagy. arv-infected or p17-transfected cells present a fast and strong induction of autophagy, resulting in an increased level of autophagic proteins beclin 1 and lc3-ii. although autophagy was suppressed by 3-methyladenine or shrnas targeting autop ... | 2013 | 23233667 |
| complete genomic sequence of a reovirus isolate from pekin ducklings in china. | the complete genomic sequence of a pekin duck origin reovirus (drv) from china was determined. the genome comprises 23,419 bp, with segments ranging from 1,191 bp (s4) to 3,959 bp (l1). pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis indicate that the pekin duck origin reovirus is more closely related to the new type of muscovy duck origin reovirus (n-mdrv) identified recently than to the chicken origin avian orthoreovirus (arv) and the originally described muscovy duck origin reovirus (arv-md). | 2012 | 23118462 |
| complete genomic sequence of a new muscovy duck-origin reovirus from china. | the complete genomic sequence of a new muscovy duck-origin reovirus (n-mdrv), strain j18 from china, was determined. the virus has a tricistronic s1 genome segment that is distinct from the originally described mdrv, which possesses a bicistronic s4 genome segment. pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analyses suggest that n-mdrv j18 is a new isolate within the species avian orthoreovirus. | 2012 | 23087110 |
| the infectious bursal disease virus rna-binding vp3 polypeptide inhibits pkr-mediated apoptosis. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is an avian pathogen responsible for an acute immunosuppressive disease that causes major losses to the poultry industry. despite having a bipartite dsrna genome, ibdv, as well as other members of the birnaviridae family, possesses a single capsid layer formed by trimers of the vp2 capsid protein. the capsid encloses a ribonucleoprotein complex formed by the genome associated to the rna-dependent rna polymerase and the rna-binding polypeptide vp3. a previou ... | 2012 | 23056444 |
| complete genomic sequence of goose-origin reovirus from china. | we report the full-genome sequence of a goose-origin reovirus (grv) strain 03g from zhejiang province, china. this is the first report of the complete genomic sequence (segments 1 to 10) of grv. phylogenetic analyses of the sequence suggest that grv 03g represents a new species distinct from other established species within the avian reovirus (arv) group of orthoreoviruses. | 2012 | 22923811 |
| detection and differentiation of avian reoviruses using sybr-green i-based two-step real-time reverse transcription pcr with melting curve analysis. | a two-step sybr-green i-based real-time pcr with melting curve analysis was developed to detect and differentiate the avian reovirus (arv) sigmac gene in field and vaccine arvs. three primer sets were used to amplify the sigmac gene from its 5', center, and 3' regions and analyze the melting point temperatures of nine arvs. by combining the melting curves of the three arv sigmac gene regions, melting curve analysis could accurately distinguish the arvs of different subtypes, and the results were ... | 2012 | 22856196 |
| astroviruses associated with stunting and pre-hatching mortality in duck and goose embryos. | the first detection of avian nephritis virus (anv) in goose embryos and of turkey astrovirus-1 (tastv-1) in duck embryos is described. intestinal samples from duck and goose embryos from five duck and four goose flocks in croatia were tested by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of anv, tastv-1, turkey astrovirus-2, chicken astrovirus, duck astrovirus and also for the presence of avian reovirus, derzsy's disease virus and duck enteritis virus. the kidneys from duck and goose embryos were ... | 2012 | 22845326 |
| different intracellular distribution of avian reovirus core protein sigmaa in cells of avian and mammalian origin. | a comparative analysis of the intracellular distribution of avian reovirus (arv) core protein sigmaa in cells of avian and mammalian origin revealed that, whereas the viral protein accumulates in the cytoplasm and nucleolus of avian cells, most sigmaa concentrates in the nucleoplasm of mammalian cells in tight association with the insoluble nuclear matrix fraction. our results further showed that sigmaa becomes arrested in the nucleoplasm of mammalian cells via association with mammalian cell-sp ... | 2012 | 22832119 |
| [the isolation and identification of novel duck reovirus]. | the virus strains were isolated from the liver and spleen of the dead young ducks characterized with symptoms of hemorrhagic-necrotic hepatitis. these isolates could cause the death of muscovy duck-embryo and chick-embryo. 1-day-old birds infected with these isolates had the same character with clinically dead birds and the virus could be isolated from artificially infected birds. these isolates could proliferate in mdef and result in cpe. the virus could proliferate in the cytoplasm in order of ... | 2012 | 22764524 |
| development of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for visual detection of avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important pathogen of poultry and causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry. to develop a rapid and sensitive method for the surveillance of arv, a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was established using a set of six primers specific to the s1 gene segment of arv. the established assay was performed at 62°c for 60 min in a thermal block, and the result was visualized directly under daylight or ultraviolet ligh ... | 2012 | 22702459 |
| immunogenic analysis of two dna vaccines of avian reovirus mediated by attenuated salmonella typhimurium in chickens. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important pathogen in poultry industry and causes great economic losses. as attenuated salmonella typhimurium is already being used as an effective vehicle for the transfer of dna vaccines, so in this study we evaluated two dna vaccines mediated by s. typhimurium on their ability of eliciting antibody production. spf chickens were respectively immunized with sl7207 (pvax-σb), sl7207 (pvax-σc) and sl7027 (pvax-σb-σc) three times. the results showed that the antibody pro ... | 2012 | 22575372 |
| avian reovirus sigma c enhances the mucosal and systemic immune responses elicited by antigen-conjugated lactic acid bacteria. | mucosal surfaces are common sites of pathogen colonization/entry. effective mucosal immunity by vaccination should provide protection at this primary infection site. our aim was to develop a new vaccination strategy that elicits a mucosal immune response. a new strain of enterococcus faecium, a non pathogenic lactic acid bacteria (lab) with strong cell adhesion ability, was identified and used as a vaccine vector to deliver two model antigens. specifically, sigma (σ) c protein of avian reovirus ... | 2012 | 22531554 |
| genomic characteristics of a novel reovirus from muscovy duckling in china. | a new reovirus was isolated from a sick muscovy duckling with hemorrhagic-necrotic lesions in the liver in zhejiang, china in 2000 and was tentatively denoted a new type of muscovy duck reovirus (n-mdrv zj00m). this reovirus was propagated in a chicken fibroblast cell line (df-1) with obvious cytopathic effects. the reovirus's genome was 23,419 bp in length with an approximately 50% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 proteins. the length of the genomic segments was similar to those of ... | 2014 | 24355531 |
| molecular characterization of turkey enteric reovirus s3 gene. | the molecular diversity in s3 gene sequences of turkey reovirus (trv) was determined in poult enteritis syndrome (pes)-affected and apparently healthy turkey poults. twenty-nine trv-positive samples (15 from pes-affected flocks and 14 from apparently healthy flocks) were tested using self-designed primers for the s3 gene. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the trv s3 sequences of this study clustered in clade iii and formed two different groups in this clade. the avian reoviruses from duck and ... | 2014 | 24666328 |
| phylogenetic analysis, genomic diversity and classification of m class gene segments of turkey reoviruses. | from 2011 to 2014, 13 turkey arthritis reoviruses (tarvs) were isolated from cases of swollen hock joints in 2-18-week-old turkeys. in addition, two isolates from similar cases of turkey arthritis were received from another laboratory. eight turkey enteric reoviruses (tervs) isolated from fecal samples of turkeys were also used for comparison. the aims of this study were to characterize turkey reovirus (trv) based on complete m class genome segments and to determine genetic diversity within tarv ... | 2015 | 25655814 |
| the role of avian reoviruses in turkey tenosynovitis/arthritis. | turkey arthritis reovirus (tarv) has been isolated from the gastrocnemius tendons and tibiotarsal joint fluid of lame male turkeys >12 weeks old in the midwest. two experiments were conducted to compare the pathogenicity in turkeys of three tarvs (tarv-mn2, tarv-mn4 and tarv-o'neil), one turkey enteric reovirus (terv strain mn1) and one chicken arthritis reovirus (carv strain mn1). two hundred microlitres of virus were inoculated by the oral, intratracheal, or footpad route into 6-day-old poults ... | 2014 | 24980420 |
| flock-level prevalence, geographical distribution, and seasonal variation of avian reovirus among broiler flocks in ontario. | avian reovirus (arv) is an economically significant pathogen of broiler chickens. our objective was to determine the prevalence, geographical distribution, and seasonal variation of arv infection among commercial broiler flocks in ontario, canada during grow-out. a cross-sectional study of 231 randomly selected flocks was conducted from july 2010 to january 2012. fifteen blood samples, 15 whole intestines, and 15 cloacal swabs per flock were collected at slaughter; elisa and pcr were used to det ... | 2017 | 28761188 |
| avian reovirus p17 and σa act cooperatively to downregulate akt by suppressing mtorc2 and cdk2/cyclin a2 and upregulating proteasome psmb6. | although we have shown that avian reovirus (arv) p17-mediated inhibition of akt leads to induction of autophagy, the precise mechanisms remain largely unknown. this study has identified a specific mechanism by which arv coordinately regulates the degradation of ribosomal proteins by p17-mediated activation of e3 ligase mdm2 that targets ribosomal proteins and by σa-mediated upregulation of proteasome psmb6. in addition to downregulating ribosomal proteins, p17 reduces mtorc2 assembly and disrupt ... | 2017 | 28701787 |
| phenotypic, genotypic and antigenic characterization of emerging avian reoviruses isolated from clinical cases of arthritis in broilers in saskatchewan, canada. | in recent years, emerging strains of pathogenic arthrogenic avian reovirus (arv) have become a challenge to the chicken industry across usa and canada causing significant economic impact. in this study, we characterized emerging variant arv strains and examined their genetic and antigenic relationship with reference strains. we isolated 37 emerging variant arv strains from tendons of broiler chickens with clinical cases of arthritis/tenosynovitis at commercial farms in saskatchewan, canada. vira ... | 2017 | 28620186 |
| replication and oncolytic activity of an avian orthoreovirus in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. | oncolytic viruses are cancer therapeutics with promising outcomes in pre-clinical and clinical settings. animal viruses have the possibility to avoid pre-existing immunity in humans, while being safe and immunostimulatory. we isolated an avian orthoreovirus (arv-pb1), and tested it against a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. we found that arv-pb1 replicated well and induced strong cytopathic effects. it was determined that one mechanism of cell death was through syncytia formation, result ... | 2017 | 28441762 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of hepatic fat metabolism disorder caused by muscovy duck reovirus infection. | the aim of this work was to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the fatty degeneration of livers infected with muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv), which produces obvious white necrotic foci in the liver. transcriptome data for mdrv-infected muscovy duck livers and control livers were sequenced, assembled, and annotated with illumina® hiseq 2000. the differentially expressed genes were screened and their functions were analysed. we also determined and confirmed the molecular mechanism of the hep ... | 2017 | 28911249 |
| enteric virus diversity examined by molecular methods in brazilian poultry flocks. | enteric viruses play an important role in the brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. the most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in brazil include fowl adenovirus of group i (fadv-i), chicken parvovirus (chpv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (areo), and avian rotavirus (artv). the aim of this study was to identify single and multipl ... | 2018 | 29596389 |
| detection of avian reoviruses in wild birds in poland. | the purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of avian reovirus (arv) infections in wild birds in poland and attempt to propagate the selected arv strains in chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells or chicken spf embryos. | 2017 | 29978079 |
| transcriptome analysis of avian reovirus-mediated changes in gene expression of normal chicken fibroblast df-1 cells. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important poultry pathogen that can cause immunosuppression. in this study, rna-seq technology was applied to investigate the transcriptome-wide changes of df-1 cells upon arv infection at the middle stage. | 2017 | 29178824 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel avian orthoreovirus strain in korea, 2014. | in this study, we isolated a novel avian reovirus (arv) strain, k738/14, from a broiler chicken with viral arthritis in south korea. genome sequence comparisons showed relatively low nucleotide identity with previously identified arv strains. phylogenetic analyses suggested multiple reassortment events between reovirus strain s1133 and reoviruses of hungarian, chinese, and us origin had occurred. in addition, recombination analyses showed evidence of intra-segmental recombination in the m2 and s ... | 2018 | 29392490 |
| novel cyclovirus identified in broiler chickens with transmissible viral proventriculitis in china. | in october 2018, an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) occurred in 30-day-old commercial broiler chickens on a farm in weifang, china. tvp, an infectious viral disease characterized by runting and stunting, is associated with many viruses, and has a significant economic impact on the global poultry industry. tvp is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, gross and histological lesions, and negative pcr results for pathogenic bacteria, avian leukosis virus subgroup j, marek' ... | 2020 | 33134354 |
| serological survey for select infectious agents in wild magellanic penguins (spheniscus magellanicus) in argentina, 1994-2008. | despite being the most numerous penguin species in south america, exposure of the magellanic penguin (spheniscus magellanicus) to pathogens has not yet been thoroughly assessed. we collected serum from 1,058 magellanic penguins at 10 breeding colonies along the entire latitudinal range of this species in argentina. the work spanned 10 breeding seasons over 15 yr (1994-2008). sera were tested for antibodies to select infectious agents. antibodies reacting against 16 pathogens were detected (serop ... | 2020 | 31237822 |
| synergistic pathogenicity in sequential coinfection with fowl adenovirus type 4 and avian orthoreovirus. | hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (hhs) is a fatal disease caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (fadv-4). avian viral arthritis is an infectious disease characterized by movement disorders caused by avian orthoreovirus (arv). in the early 2019, our epidemiologic survey on poultry diseases in eight commercial broiler farms in china showed that fadv-4 and arv have a high coinfection rate, accounting for 63 % of all arv-positive samples. we designed chicken embryo and animal models to investigate ... | 2020 | 33091795 |
| partial molecular characterization and pathogenicity study of an avian reovirus causing tenosynovitis in commercial broilers. | this study describes the molecular characterization of avian reoviruses (arvs) isolated during an outbreak in commercial chickens between 2015 and 2016. in addition, a pathogenicity study of a selected arv strain isolated from a field case of viral tenosynovitis in commercial broiler chickens was performed. on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of a 1088-bp fragment of the arv s1 gene, the investigated sequences were differentiated into five distinct genotypic clusters (gcs), namely gc1, gc2, gc ... | 2019 | 31967428 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of avian reovirus in backyard chickens in different areas of mymensingh district in bangladesh. | the present study estimated the seroprevalence of avian reovirus (arv) infections in backyard chickens of the mymensingh district in bangladesh. | 2020 | 33005682 |
| development and application of an mrt-qpcr assay for detecting coinfection of six vertically transmitted or immunosuppressive avian viruses. | marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), avian reovirus (arv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv) are important causes of disease in poultry. to investigate the infection status of the above six viruses in chickens in china, 1,187 samples from chicken flocks were collected and tested using a newly developed multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (mrt-qpcr) assay in the study. a seri ... | 2020 | 32765453 |
| changes in the percentages of b- and t-lymphocytes and antibody titres in laying hens infested with dermanyssus gallinae-a preliminary study. | (1) background: dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of d. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) methods: a total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (b1-b4) from 10 hy-line brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer far ... | 2020 | 32517104 |
| molecular detection of mycoplasma synoviae and avian reovirus infection in arthritis and tenosynovitis lesions of broiler and breeder chickens in santa catarina state, brazil. | infectious arthritis or tenosynovitis in broiler and breeder chickens results in major loss of productivity because of reduced growth and downgrading at processing plants. the most common causative agents of avian infectious arthritis are the bacterium mycoplasma synoviae and avian reoviruses (arvs) (family reoviridae, genus orthoreovirus). in this study, we evaluated the occurrence of these two pathogens in arthritis or tenosynovitis lesions of broilers and breeder flocks in southern brazil usi ... | 2019 | 31793309 |
| the roles of micrornas (mirnas) in avian response to viral infection and pathogenesis of avian immunosuppressive diseases. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding small rnas that play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes including cell development and differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, immunoregulation and viral infections. avian immunosuppressive diseases refer to those avian diseases caused by pathogens that target and damage the immune organs or cells of the host, increasing susceptibility to other microbial infections and the risk of failure in subsequent vaccination aga ... | 2019 | 31683847 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time recombinase polymerase amplification for detection of marek's disease virus. | marek's disease (md) is one of the most devastating diseases of poultry. it's caused by the highly infectious alphaherpesvirus md virus serotype 1 (mdv-1). in this study, a rapid and easy-to-use assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) was developed for mdv detection. primer-probe sets targeting the highly conserved region of meq gene were designed and applied to the rpa assay. the assay was carried out on a real-time thermostatic fluorescence detector at 39 °c for 20 min. as re ... | 2019 | 31580913 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against σa protein and cross-reactive epitope identification and application for detection of duck and chicken reovirus infections. | although σa is an important major core protein of duck reovirus (drv), the b-cell epitopes of this protein remain unknown to reseacrhers. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (1a7, 3f4, 5d2, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) were developed by using prokaryotic-expressed recombinant his-σa protein. five of six mabs (1a7, 3f4, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) reacted with his-σa protein in a conformation-independent manner, while 5d2 reacted with σa in a conformation-dependent manner. immunofluorescence assays showed that the mab ... | 2019 | 31500272 |
| molecular identification of reovirus in broiler type flocks in golestan province, iran. | avian reovirus (arv) has a global distribution in nature and most clinical signs are found in broiler type chickens. | 2019 | 31531032 |
| serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of gazipur and mymensingh districts of bangladesh. | avian reovirus (arv) is a constraint to poultry industry in bangladesh as a cause of several diseases in chickens, especially in broiler. however, the actual status of the viral infection is not known because the large-scale study is not conducted in this country. therefore, this study aimed to check the presence and distribution of arv-specific antibody in respect to area, types of chickens (broiler breeder, broiler, and layer), vaccination status, and age of chickens in gazipur and mymensingh ... | 2019 | 31528043 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) expressing sigma c protein of avian reovirus (arv) protects against both arv and ndv in chickens. | newcastle disease (nd) and avian reovirus (arv) infections are a serious threat to the poultry industry, which causes heavy economic losses. the mesogenic ndv strain r2b is commonly used as a booster vaccine in many asian countries to control the disease. in this seminal work, a recombinant ndv strain r2b expressing the sigma c (σc) gene of arv (rndv-r2b-σc) was generated by reverse genetics, characterized in vitro and tested as a bivalent vaccine candidate in chickens. the recombinant rndv-r2b- ... | 2019 | 31510020 |
| investigation of enteric viruses associated with runting and stunting in day-old chicks and older broilers in southwest nigeria. | enteric viruses are known to have significant economic impact on poultry, especially broiler chicken flocks, because of production losses attributable to poor feed conversion and weight gain. to sustain the nigerian poultry industry that contributes significantly to the livestock sector of the economy, there is a need to investigate commercial broiler flocks in the country for the presence of enteric viruses causing runting and stunting, growth retardation, and hatchery diseases. gut contents we ... | 2019 | 31380402 |
| altered gene expression profiles of the mda5 signaling pathway in peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens infected with avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) is a member of the genus orthoreovirus in the family reoviridae and causes a severe syndrome including viral arthritis that leads to considerable losses in the poultry industry. innate immunity plays a significant role in host defense against arv. here, we explored the interaction between arv and the host innate immune system by measuring mrna expression levels of several genes associated with the mda5 signaling pathway. the results showed that expression peaks for mda5, mav ... | 2019 | 31273469 |
| genetic and pathogenic characteristics of newly emerging avian reovirus from infected chickens with clinical arthritis in china. | in recent years, emerging avian reovirus (arv) strains causing viral arthritis have become a challenge to the worldwide chicken industry, and were responsible for significant economic losses. in this study, we characterized emerging variant arv strains and examined their genetic relationship and pathogenicity variation with reference strains. a total of 18 emerging variant arv strains were isolated from tendon and capsular synovial fluid of broiler chickens with clinical cases of arthritis/tenos ... | 2019 | 31222278 |