| brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from pigs in japan. | two of four weak beta-hemolytic isolates of intestinal spirochetes isolated from pigs in japan possessed a unique base alignment of tttttt on the 16s ribosomal dna of brachyspira pilosicoli and were identified as b. pilosicoli. the other two isolates were not identified by this technique. the identified isolates were 4.2 to 11 microm in length and 0.2 to 0.3 microm in diameter, 4 periplasmic flagella at each end were observed dominantly. the isolates were hippurate positive but indole negative. ... | 2004 | 15297763 |
| infective colitis associated with human intestinal spirochetosis. | our study reports the detection and identification of intestinal spirochetosis in patients with colonic diseases in a tertiary-care hospital over a 12-year period, and includes a description of all cases we diagnosed. | 2007 | 17914949 |
| occurrence of lawsonia intracellularis and brachyspira spp. infection in swine suffering from diarrhoea. | principal aim of this study was to examine fecal samples from pigs suffering from diarrhea for the presence of lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli. the molecular techniques such as pcr and nested pcr were employed to detect the presence of p78 fragment of genomic dna specific for lawsonia intracellularis as well as fragment of tlya gene specific for brachyspira hyodysenteriae and 16s rdna gene of brachyspira pilosicoli. we assumed that about 25% of pig ... | 2004 | 15478867 |
| human intestinal spirochaetosis in parma: a focus on a selected population during 2002-2005. | human intestinal spirochaetosis (his) is a large bowel infection characterised by the colonization of the intestinal mucosa by spirochaetes belonging to the genus brachyspira. the causative agents of his are brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspirapilosicoli. symptoms of the infection, even if not specific, are long standing diarrhoea, abdominal pain, meteorism and rectal bleeding and sometimes they can suggest the clinical suspect of inflammatory bowel diseases or rectal carcinoma. since poor data ... | 2007 | 17933280 |
| increased amount of bifidobacterium thermacidophilum and megasphaera elsdenii in the colonic microbiota of pigs fed a swine dysentery preventive diet containing chicory roots and sweet lupine. | to investigate which specific bacterial species that were stimulated or inhibited in the proximal colon of pigs when a fructan-rich diet was compared with a diet that contained resistant carbohydrates. the study focussed especially on bifidobacterial species by using a noncultureable approach. | 2007 | 17953596 |
| development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for intestinal spirochaetes within the genus brachyspira. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for intestinal spirochaetes of the genus brachyspira. eight loci mainly coding for enzymes previously used in multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of brachyspira species were examined in 66 brachyspira field isolates and type/reference strains. the isolates and strains were recovered from pigs, birds, dogs and a mouse and originated from seven european countries, the usa and canada. forty-six isolates repr ... | 2007 | 18048921 |
| an evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective responses to brachyspira hyodysenteriae recombinant smpb vaccination. | smpb is an outer membrane protein of brachyspira hyodysentariae that is present in some strains of the bacterium. it shares the same locus as smpa, but all strains tested to date contain either one protein or the other, never both. in this study we have evaluated the efficacy of vaccination with smpb to elicit immune responses in mice and to protect against a subsequent challenge. immunised mice develop humoral and cellular responses to smpb delivered as either a dna vaccine or a recombinant pro ... | 2008 | 18068912 |
| identification of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and other pathogenic brachyspira species in chickens from laying flocks with diarrhea or reduced production or both. | cecal samples from laying chickens from 25 farms with a history of decreased egg production, diarrhea, and/or increased feed conversion ratios were examined for anaerobic intestinal spirochetes of the genus brachyspira. seventy-three samples positive in an immunofluorescence assay for brachyspira species were further examined using selective anaerobic culture, followed by phenotypic analysis, species-specific pcrs (for brachyspira hyodysenteriae, b. intermedia, and b. pilosicoli), and a brachysp ... | 2008 | 18077642 |
| human intestinal spirochetosis in japan; its incidence, clinicopathologic features, and genotypic identification. | human intestinal spirochetosis is a common condition in western countries, but is not well recognized in japan. to demonstrate the incidence and clinicopathologic findings of human intestinal spirochetosis in japan, we retrospectively investigated biopsy, and endoscopically or surgically resected specimens of the large intestine. among a series of 2556 samples, 11 cases of human intestinal spirochetosis were detected (0.4%). together with additional nine cases sporadically found, 20 cases of hum ... | 2008 | 18084255 |
| identification and genetic fingerprinting of brachyspira species. | six brachyspira type and reference strains, and 14 well characterized porcine field isolates representing all recognised porcine brachyspira spp. were compared by different molecular methods. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna and the nox genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) were used in the study. in addition the isolates were analysed by five species-specific pcr systems. the topologies of the dendrograms obtained from each of the four typ ... | 2008 | 18096259 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of oxa-63, a new class d beta-lactamase from brachyspira pilosicoli bm4442. | brachyspira pilosicoli bm4442, isolated from the feces of a patient with diarrhea at the hospital saint-michel in paris, was resistant to oxacillin (mic > 256 microg/ml) but remained susceptible to cephalosporins and to the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. cloning and sequencing of the corresponding resistance determinant revealed a coding sequence of 807 bp encoding a new class d beta-lactamase named oxa-63. the bla oxa-63 gene was chromosomally located and not part of a transpos ... | 2008 | 18212108 |
| development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of porcine proliferative enteropathy. | the objective of this study was to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using a sonicated pure culture of lawsonia intracellularis as the antigen (so-elisa). a total of 332 serum samples, consisting of 232 experimentally infected animals and 100 animals naturally infected with l. intracellularis, were used to assess the diagnostic sensitivity. three hundred and fifty-five sera from uninfected animals were used to determine the diagnostic specificity. the receiver operati ... | 2008 | 18319429 |
| collateral effects of antibiotics: carbadox and metronidazole induce vsh-1 and facilitate gene transfer among brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains. | brachyspira hyodysenteriae is an anaerobic spirochete and the etiologic agent of swine dysentery. the genome of this spirochete contains a mitomycin c-inducible, prophage-like gene transfer agent designated vsh-1. vsh-1 particles package random 7.5-kb fragments of the b. hyodysenteriae genome and transfer genes between b. hyodysenteriae cells. the chemicals and conditions inducing vsh-1 production are largely unknown. antibiotics used in swine management and stressors inducing traditional propha ... | 2008 | 18359835 |
| blood concentrations of amino acids, glucose and lactate during experimental swine dysentery. | the aim of this study was to examine blood concentrations of amino acids, glucose and lactate in association with experimental swine dysentery. ten pigs (approximately 23kg) were orally inoculated with brachyspira hyodysenteriae. eight animals developed muco-haemorrhagic diarrhoea with impaired general appearance, changes in white blood cell counts and increased levels of the acute phase protein serum amyolid a. blood samples were taken before inoculation, during the incubation period, during cl ... | 2007 | 17078986 |
| functional analysis of the campylobacter jejuni cj0183 and cj0588 genes. | the cj0183 and cj0588 genes identified in the campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 genome encode proteins with amino acid sequences predicted to be homologous to other bacterial hemolysins. the cj0183 protein exhibits homology to brachyspira hyodysenteriae tlyc protein, whereas the cj0588 gene product is homologous to tlya proteins brachyspira hyodysenteriae, helicobacter pylori, and mycobacterium tuberculosis, which play a crucial role in bacterial virulence. the aim of our work was to examine the h ... | 2008 | 18389311 |
| cd4+ t-cell responses and distribution at the colonic mucosa during brachyspira hyodysenteriae-induced colitis in pigs. | the spirochaete brachyspira hyodysenteriae causes swine dysentery, a severe colitis characterized by mucosal enlargement as a result of crypt elongation and epithelial necrosis. most efforts to understand the pathogenesis of this disease have focused on the aetiological agent and its virulence factors. however, the host immune response has been considered an important factor in disease development. previous research has shown that b. hyodysenteriae induces systemic cd4(+) and gammadelta t-cell r ... | 2005 | 15819705 |
| application of nox-restriction fragment length polymorphism for the differentiation of brachyspira intestinal spirochetes isolated from pigs and poultry in australia. | sixty-nine intestinal spirochetes isolated from pigs and poultry in eastern australia were selected to evaluate the effectiveness of a species-specific pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the brachyspira nox gene. for comparative purposes, all isolates were subjected to species-specific pcrs for the pathogenic species brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli, and selected isolates were examined further by sequence analysis of the nox and 16s ribosom ... | 2005 | 15825489 |
| immunohistochemical and ultrastructural detection of intestinal spirochetes in thoroughbred horses. | studies of equine intestinal spirochetes have long focused on intestinal contents alone, but intestinal spirochetosis has been reported recently in a 21-month-old thoroughbred colt in japan. to define the clinical and pathological significances of intestinal spirochetosis in several horses, an epizootiologic survey with histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods was conducted for brachyspira antigen-containing intestinal spirochetes in 12 diseased or injured thoroughbred horses ... | 2005 | 15825495 |
| blood concentrations of the cytokines il-1beta, il-6, il-10, tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma during experimentally induced swine dysentery. | knowledge of the cytokine response at infection with brachyspira hyodysenteriae can help understanding disease mechanism involved during swine dysentery. since this knowledge is still limited the aim of the present study was to induce dysentery experimentally in pigs and to monitor the development of important immunoregulatory cytokines in blood collected at various stages of the disease. | 2008 | 18700003 |
| penicillin resistance in the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli associated with oxa-136 and oxa-137, two new variants of the class d beta-lactamase oxa-63. | penicillin resistance mediated by beta-lactamase activity has been reported previously in the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli, and a novel class d beta-lactamase (oxa-63) hydrolysing oxacillin was described recently in a resistant human strain from france. in the current study, 18 b. pilosicoli strains from australia and papua new guinea were tested for ampicillin and oxacillin susceptibility, and investigated for the presence of the class d beta-lactamase gene blaoxa-63 ... | 2008 | 18719182 |
| vaccination with an autogenous bacterin fails to prevent colonization by brachyspira intermedia in experimentally infected laying chickens. | avian intestinal spirochaetosis (ais) is a disease complex affecting adult laying and breeding chickens associated with infection by anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes of the genus brachyspira. options for control of ais are limited, as few effective antimicrobial agents are registered for use in laying chickens. one of the two most commonly encountered pathogenic species in ais is b. intermedia, and the aim of the current study was to determine whether a b. intermedia bacterin vaccine would help ... | 2009 | 18760550 |
| [multiresistant brachyspira hyodysenteriae in a dutch sow herd]. | this case study describes the isolation ofa multiresistant strain ofbrachyspira hyodysenteriae in april 2007 in a dutch sow herd with recurrent diarrhoea. examination of faecal samples taken from 7-month-old breeding gilts with diarrhoea revealed the presence of resistance against tiamulin, lincomycin, tylosin, doxycycline, and tylvalosin (the active substance in aivlosin) in four of five samples. tiamulin resistance has not been reported in the netherlands before. the repeated use of tiamulin o ... | 2008 | 18767301 |
| identification of weakly beta-hemolytic porcine spirochetes by biochemical reactions, pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and species-specific pcr. | we examined the usefulness of pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) and species-specific pcr combined with a newly devised rapid biochemical test using microplates for identifying weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes (wbhis) isolated from pigs. wbhis strains showing atypical biochemical characteristics were decisively identified at the species level by pcr-rflp and species-specific pcr. identification of wbhis at the species level in routine diagnostic work will c ... | 2008 | 18772561 |
| an unexpectedly high prevalence of colonization with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi amongst residents of the indonesian island of bali. | pcr assays designed to amplify dna from the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi were conducted on dna extracted from 938 faecal samples from 469 residents on the indonesian island of bali. the individuals tested were sampled twice in one year and were from four rural villages, one peri-urban centre and the capital city, denpasar. overall, an unexpectedly high prevalence of colonization (24.7%) was found, with prevalence rates at different locations varying from a low of 15.6% a ... | 2008 | 18809551 |
| [the use of in-situ hybridization for the detection of brachyspira spp. in pigs]. | diagnosis of brachyspira infections in swine and the differentiation of the involved bacteria is time-consuming and in most cases unsatisfactory. detecting brachyspira directly in the damaged brachyspira of the large intestine could provide a direct correlation between histological lesionsa and bacterial growth. in this study we investigated whether in-situ hybridization (ish) with a digoxigenin-labeled rna-probe is a suitable method for detecting brachyspira in the mucosa of the large intestine ... | 2005 | 15900675 |
| detection of brachyspira hyodysenteriae, lawsonia intracellularis and brachyspira pilosicoli in feral pigs. | feral pigs are recognized as being a potential reservoir of pathogenic microorganisms that can infect domestic pigs and other species. the aim of this study was to investigate whether feral pigs in western australia were colonized by the pathogenic enteric bacteria lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae and/or brachyspira pilosicoli. a total of 222 feral pigs from three study-populations were sampled. dna was extracted from faeces or colonic contents and subjected to a previously d ... | 2009 | 18818030 |
| infections with weakly haemolytic brachyspira species in pigs with miscellaneous chronic diseases. | the prevalence of infections with different brachyspira species was assessed in 202 pigs with various chronic herd problems using different methods. twenty-seven pigs (13.4%) were positive for brachyspira spp. with at least one of the methods used. the highest number of positives was identified with mucosal scraping-pcr (23), followed by pet-pcr (22) and bacteriological-biochemical analysis (15). with the exception of three cases of b. pilosicoli infections, only weakly pathogenic brachyspira sp ... | 2009 | 18823725 |
| identification of genes associated with prophage-like gene transfer agents in the pathogenic intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira hyodysenteriae, brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira intermedia. | vsh-1 is an unusual prophage-like gene transfer agent (gta) that has been described in the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. the gta does not self-propagate, but it assembles into a virus-like particle and transfers random 7.5kb fragments of host dna to other b. hyodysenteriae cells. to date the gta vsh-1 has only been analysed in b. hyodysenteriae strain b204, in which 11 late function genes encoding prophage capsid, tail and lysis elements have been described. the aim of the c ... | 2009 | 18950961 |
| intestinal spirochetes isolated from wild-living jackdaws, hooded crows and rooks (genus corvus): provisionally designated "brachyspira corvi" sp. nov. | intestinal spirochetes of genus brachyspira are commonly isolated from mammalian and avian hosts, and several species have been reported to cause enteric disease in pigs and birds. except for a previous publication on three isolates from corvid birds (order passeriformes, family corvidae, genus corvus), of which two are further studied in this paper, no other reports exist on brachyspira spp. of passerine birds. in this study, cloacal and intestinal swabs of small and large intestines were colle ... | 2008 | 18952187 |
| tiamulin activity against brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | | 2008 | 19060324 |
| in vitro susceptibility of bovine digital dermatitis associated spirochaetes to antimicrobial agents. | bovine digital dermatitis (bdd) is an infectious lameness in cattle, which has a large global impact in terms of animal welfare and cost. the majority of evidence suggests that spirochaetes are the aetiological agent of this disease. the aim of this study was to identify the susceptibility of bdd associated spirochaetes to a range of antimicrobial agents with a view to potential usage in vivo to treat this widespread cattle disease. a microdilution method was adapted to determine the in vitro su ... | 2009 | 19081208 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of spanish field isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | this study is the first conducted in spain to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of field isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. one hundred and eight isolates of the bacterium, recovered from different spanish swine farms between 2000 and 2007, were investigated. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of erythromycin, tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, clindamycin and lincomycin were determined using a broth microdilution technique. most of the isolates showed poor susceptibility to erythr ... | 2009 | 19084246 |
| identification of genes of vsh-1, a prophage-like gene transfer agent of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | vsh-1 is a mitomycin c-inducible prophage of the anaerobic spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. purified vsh-1 virions are noninfectious, contain random 7.5-kb fragments of the bacterial genome, and mediate generalized transduction of b. hyodysenteriae cells. in order to identify and sequence genes of this novel gene transfer agent (gta), proteins associated either with vsh-1 capsids or with tails were purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the n-terminal amino ... | 2005 | 16109929 |
| tiamulin activity against brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | | 2008 | 19103625 |
| identification of a divided genome for vsh-1, the prophage-like gene transfer agent of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the brachyspira hyodysenteriae b204 genome sequence revealed three vsh-1 tail genes, hvp31, hvp60, and hvp37, in a 3.6-kb cluster. the location and transcription direction of these genes relative to those of the previously described vsh-1 16.3-kb gene operon indicate that the gene transfer agent vsh-1 has a noncontiguous, divided genome. | 2009 | 19103931 |
| refractory diarrhea in a patient with hiv infection. | | 2009 | 19113983 |
| tiamulin resistance in porcine brachyspira pilosicoli isolates. | there are few studies on antimicrobial susceptibility of brachyspira pilosicoli, therefore this study was performed to investigate the situation among isolates from pigs. the tiamulin and tylosin susceptibility was determined by broth dilution for 93 and 86 porcine b. pilosicoli isolates, respectively. the isolates came from clinical samples taken in swedish pig herds during the years 2002 and 2003. the tylosin minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) was >16 microg/ml for 50% (n=43) of the isolat ... | 2006 | 16253666 |
| isolation of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli from long-term residents and indonesian visitors to perth, western australia. | brachyspira pilosicoli is an anaerobic spirochaete that colonizes the large intestine of humans and various species of animals and birds. the spirochaete is an important enteric pathogen of pigs and poultry, but its pathogenic potential in humans is less clear. in the current study, the occurrence of b. pilosicoli in faecal samples from 766 individuals in two different population groups in perth, western australia, was investigated by selective anaerobic culture. of 586 individuals who were long ... | 2009 | 19141744 |
| single 23s rrna mutations at the ribosomal peptidyl transferase centre confer resistance to valnemulin and other antibiotics in mycobacterium smegmatis by perturbation of the drug binding pocket. | tiamulin and valnemulin target the peptidyl transferase centre (ptc) on the bacterial ribosome. they are used in veterinary medicine to treat infections caused by a variety of bacterial pathogens, including the intestinal spirochetes brachyspira spp. mutations in ribosomal protein l3 and 23s rrna have previously been associated with tiamulin resistance in brachyspira spp. isolates, but as multiple mutations were isolated together, the roles of the individual mutations are unclear. in this work, ... | 2009 | 19154331 |
| induction of differential immune reactivity to members of the flora of gnotobiotic mice following colonization with helicobacter bilis or brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | aberrant host immune responses to bacterial components of the resident microflora may initiate and perpetuate gastrointestinal inflammation. to investigate how microbial perturbation promotes host immunological responsiveness to commensal bacteria and contributes to the development of typhlocolitis, we selectively colonized defined (altered schaedler) flora c3h mice with either helicobacter bilis or brachyspira hyodysenteriae. following selective colonization, tissues were analyzed for gross/his ... | 2006 | 16698302 |
| differential expression of the bhmp39 major outer membrane proteins of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the enteric, anaerobic spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a severe mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease of pigs that has economic significance in every major pork-producing country. recent investigation into potential vaccine candidates has focused on the outer membrane proteins of b. hyodysenteriae. bhmp39 (formerly vsp39) is the most abundant surface-exposed outer membrane protein of b. hyodysenteriae; its predicted gene sequence has previously been s ... | 2006 | 16714554 |
| [long evolution of diarrhea with a debatable infectious etiology in a homosexual patient infected with hiv]. | | 2009 | 19218004 |
| genome sequence of the pathogenic intestinal spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae reveals adaptations to its lifestyle in the porcine large intestine. | brachyspira hyodysenteriae is an anaerobic intestinal spirochete that colonizes the large intestine of pigs and causes swine dysentery, a disease of significant economic importance. the genome sequence of b. hyodysenteriae strain wa1 was determined, making it the first representative of the genus brachyspira to be sequenced, and the seventeenth spirochete genome to be reported. the genome consisted of a circular 3,000,694 base pair (bp) chromosome, and a 35,940 bp circular plasmid that has not p ... | 2009 | 19262690 |
| treatment of a field case of avian intestinal spirochaetosis caused by brachyspira pilosicoli with tiamulin. | there has been much confusion over the significance of spirochaetes found in the caeca of laying hens and the impact they may have on egg production. in recent years, the situation has been made clearer and the presence of such species as brachyspira pilosicoli have been shown to cause a mild, chronic disease in both layers and breeders and to reduce egg production by reportedly 5%. in the united kingdom, a multi-age caged laying site with three separate flocks of approximately 12 000 birds each ... | 2006 | 16753612 |
| image of the month. intestinal spirochetosis: an unusual cause of asymptomatic colonic ulceration. | | 2010 | 19306942 |
| high prevalence of spirochetosis in cholera patients, bangladesh. | the microbes that accompany the etiologic agent of cholera, vibrio cholerae, are only now being defined. in this study, spirochetes from the genus brachyspira were identified at high titers in more than one third of cholera patients in bangladesh. spirochetosis should now be tracked in the setting of cholera outbreaks. | 2009 | 19331734 |
| application of real time pcr for diagnosis of swine dysentery. | evaluation of a genetic diagnostic technique using real time pcr of swine dysentery (sd) was performed using nox primers. culture, ordinary pcr and real time pcr were compared in this experiment. sixty-seven specimens from pigs with clinical signs of sd brought to a slaughterhouse in shibaura, tokyo, were used. b. hyodysenteriae was isolated from 49 of the pigs, was detected by ordinary pcr in 49 of the pigs and was detected by real time pcr in 54 of the pigs. furthermore, we were able to determ ... | 2009 | 19346708 |
| in vitro antagonistic activities of lactobacillus spp. against brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli. | the sensitivity of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli, respectively the causative agents of swine dysentery and porcine intestinal spirochaetosis to two probiotic lactobacillus strains, l. rhamnosus cncm-i-3698 and l. farciminis cncm-i-3699 was studied through viability, motility and coaggregation assays. the cell-free supernatant of these lactobacilli contains lactic acid, that is stressful for brachyspira (leading to the formation of spherical bodies), and lethal. it was dem ... | 2009 | 19356863 |
| immunological alterations during the clinical and recovery phases of experimental swine dysentery. | the aim of this study was to examine changes in the systemic immune response during the incubation period and following the onset of clinical swine dysentery, including the recovery period. ten healthy conventional pigs were inoculated with brachyspira hyodysenteriae. blood was sampled at pre-inoculation, at days 4 and 14 post-inoculation, during the first 4 days with clinical signs of dysentery and at days 1, 3, 7, 11 and 15 of the recovery period. eight pigs developed haemorrhagic diarrhoea. f ... | 2006 | 16772410 |
| the selection of single-chain fv antibody fragments specific to bhlp 29.7 protein of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | single-chain antibodies (scfv) specific to brachyspira hyodysenteriae were isolated from a phagemid library. recombinant bhlp 29.7 protein was used for scfv selection and individual clones were tested by elisa and immunofluorescent test; four unique clones were isolated. one of selected clones was able to bind specifically b. hyodysenteriae in elisa and immunofluorescence test. this is the first report of species-specific recombinant antibodies against b. hyodysenteriae. | 2009 | 19381477 |
| mucosal gene expression profiles following the colonization of immunocompetent defined-flora c3h mice with helicobacter bilis: a prelude to typhlocolitis. | an aberrant immune response to the commensal microbiota is widely hypothesized to contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease. helicobacter bilis colonization of defined-flora mice has been shown to trigger host immune responses to the commensal flora. however, the magnitude of the effects on mucosal homeostasis following colonization with h. bilis has not been determined. using microarray analysis, differential gene expression within the cecal mucosa was assessed at 15, 30, or 4 ... | 2009 | 19397886 |
| further characterization of porcine brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates with decreased susceptibility to tiamulin. | brachyspira hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a severe diarrhoeal disease in pigs. few drugs are available to treat the disease, owing to both antimicrobial resistance and withdrawal of drugs authorized for use in pigs. tiamulin is the drug of choice in many countries, but isolates with decreased susceptibility have recently been reported. the mechanism of tiamulin resistance in b. hyodysenteriae is not known and this facet is essential to understand the dissemination of ... | 2004 | 15017283 |
| characterization and epidemiological relationships of spanish brachyspira hyodysenteriae field isolates. | this research aimed to describe the genetic and phenotypic diversity of 74 spanish brachyspira hyodysenteriae field isolates, to establish epidemiological relationships between the isolates and to confirm the presence of tiamulin-resistant isolates in spain. for these purposes, we performed biochemical tests in combination with diagnostic pcr analysis for the identification of brachyspira spp. and for detection of the smpa/smpb gene. we also used antimicrobial susceptibility tests, random amplif ... | 2010 | 19480724 |
| decreased susceptibility to tiamulin and valnemulin among czech isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the agar dilution method was used to investigate the sensitivity to pleuromutilins of 100 isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolated from 63 pig farms between 1997 and 2001. in the period under investigation, mics to both tiamulin and valnemulin increased, with differences between the periods 1997-98 and 1999-2001 being statistically significant (p < 0.001 for tiamulin and p < 0.0001 for valnemulin). between 1997 and 2001, the mic50 and mic90 of tiamulin increased from 0.062 and 0.25 microg ... | 2004 | 15017284 |
| human intestinal spirochetosis accompanied by human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case report. | we present a middle-aged, heterosexual japanese man with mixed infections including human intestinal spirochetosis, which led us to the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the patient had syphilis without related physical or neurological findings. an examination for the serum antibody for hiv performed 9 years previously was negative. in a complete medical checkup at the present time, human intestinal spirochetosis and unspecified entamebic cysts were suggested by histolog ... | 2009 | 19727207 |
| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of porcine bacteria that inhibit the growth of brachyspira hyodysenteriae in vitro. | to identify bacilli, lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria that inhibit the growth of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | 2010 | 19778354 |
| brachyspira species blood stream infection. | the spirochetes inhabiting the large intestines of humans and animals consist of a diverse group of related organisms. intestinal spirochetosis caused by brachyspira pilosicoli is a newly recognized enteric disease of human being and animals manifest as mild colitis and diarrhoea. few cases have been reported of spirochetaemia especially in critically ill and immunocomprised patients. this is another case of spirochetaemia in a patient diagnosed as a case of chronic liver disease secondary to he ... | 2009 | 19813693 |
| attraction of brachyspira pilosicoli to mucin. | the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli colonizes the large intestine of various species, including humans. in the colon this spirochaete can penetrate the overlying mucus layer, attach by one cell end to the underlying enterocytes, and initiate localized colitis and diarrhoea. the aim of this study was to investigate whether, as part of the colonization process, b. pilosicoli is attracted to mucin. fifteen b. pilosicoli strains isolated from humans, pigs, chickens and dogs, ... | 2010 | 19833772 |
| the activity and compatibility of the antibiotic tiamulin with other drugs in poultry medicine--a review. | tiamulin hydrogen fumarate is a semisynthetic derivative of the diterpene antibiotic pleuromutilin used in poultry medicine to treat mainly mycoplasma- and brachyspira-related diseases. its use over 30 yr has not generally increased the development of resistance to these pathogens but occasionally resistant isolates are encountered. tiamulin administered at therapeutic levels is relatively quickly absorbed, metabolized in the liver, and eliminated from the body of the bird after a withdrawal per ... | 2009 | 19834086 |
| colonic spirochetosis of colony-raised rhesus macaques associated with brachyspira and helicobacter. | colonic spirochetosis is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects a broad range of hosts, including human and non-human primates. the disease in humans and non-human primates is characterized by intimate attachment of the anaerobic spirochetes brachyspira aalborgi and b. pilosicoli, and some unclassified flagellated microbes along the apical membrane of colonic enterocytes. although the presence of spiral-shaped bacteria with single polar flagella and blunted ends in colonic spirochetosis is w ... | 2003 | 16887687 |
| intestinal spirochetosis as a cause of chronic diarrhoea in patients with hiv infection: case report and review of the literature. | we describe a 77-year-old patient with hiv infection suffering from chronic diarrhoea whose colonoscopy findings showed normal appearance mucosa and tissue samples revealed the presence of a dense layer of spirochetes attached to the apical cell membrane. a literature search from 1996 to april 2009 identified 19 additional cases of intestinal spirochetosis in patients with hiv infection. analysis of cases showed that intestinal spirochetosis causes chronic diarrhoea in men who have sex with men ... | 2009 | 19843615 |
| brachyspira intermedia strain diversity and relationships to the other indole-positive brachyspira species. | the aims of this study were to use multilocus sequence typing (mlst) to (i) investigate the population structure, diversity and molecular epidemiology of the weakly haemolytic anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira intermedia, and (ii) determine the relationship of the species to the other two indole-positive but strongly haemolytic brachyspira species--b. hyodysenteriae and "b. suanatina". seventy-seven b. intermedia isolates from pigs and chickens were analysed, with the nucleotide seque ... | 2010 | 19944544 |
| evaluation of recombinant brachyspira pilosicoli oligopeptide-binding proteins as vaccine candidates in a mouse model of intestinal spirochaetosis. | the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli colonizes the large intestine of humans, and various species of animals and birds, in which it may induce a mild colitis and diarrhoea. the aim of the current study was to evaluate the use of putative oligopeptide-binding proteins of b. pilosicoli as vaccine components. a partial genome sequence of b. pilosicoli porcine strain 95/1000 was subjected to bioinformatics analysis, and six genes predicted to encode oligopeptide-binding protei ... | 2010 | 19959628 |
| quality-control ranges for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by broth dilution of the brachyspira hyodysenteriae type strain (atcc 27164t). | there are no approved standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the fastidious spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. an interlaboratory study was performed to establish mic quality control ranges for six antimicrobial agents for the type strain of b. hyodysenteriae using broth dilution. the results showed that b. hyodysenteriae b78t atcc 27164t is a suitable quality control strain. this is a first step toward standardization of methods regarding this anaerobe. | 2006 | 17002550 |
| brachyspira intermedia and brachyspira pilosicoli are commonly found in older laying flocks in pennsylvania. | anaerobic intestinal spirochetes (genus brachyspira) include several species that are recognized as pathogens of poultry. surveys undertaken in europe and australia have shown that layer and breeder flocks are often colonized by the pathogenic species brachyspira intermedia and brachyspira pilosicoli, but similar surveys have not been conducted in the united states. in the current study, dna was extracted from fecal samples (n=50) collected from each of 21 flocks of laying hens >40 wk of age in ... | 2009 | 20095153 |
| brachyspira murdochii colitis in pigs. | the weakly beta-hemolytic porcine spirochete brachyspira murdochii is considered a normal intestinal commensal. in the present study, however, a field case of b murdochii-associated catarrhal colitis was identified in a pig, as characterized by extensive spirochetal colonization of the surface epithelium. experimentally, 8 weaned pigs were challenged with the b murdochii isolate, reproducing catarrhal colitis in 2 animals. by applying fluorescent in situ hybridization using a species-specific ol ... | 2010 | 20173181 |
| human intestinal spirochetosis--a review. | human intestinal spirochetosis (is) is a condition defined histologically by the presence of spirochetal microorganisms attached to the apical cell membrane of the colorectal epithelium. intestinal spirochetes comprise a heterogeneous group of bacteria. in humans, brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli predominate. prevalence rates of is are low where living standards are high, in contrast to poorly developed areas where is is common. homosexuals and hiv-infected individuals are at high ... | 2010 | 20200654 |
| in vitro antagonistic activities of animal intestinal strains against swine-associated pathogens. | a wide range of enteropathogens cause costly diarrhoeal diseases in fattening piglets and account for food-related infections in humans. the objective of this study was to screen beneficial bacterial strains from the gastrointestinal tract of various animal sources for antagonistic activity against diverse pathogens associated with hazardous pig production times. using agar spot assays, 15 well-characterized strains belonging to lactobacillus, enterococcus, bifidobacterium and bacillus were stud ... | 2010 | 20226602 |
| differential regulation of the multiple flagellins in spirochetes. | the expression of flagellin genes in most bacteria is typically regulated by the flagellum-specific sigma(28) factor flia, and an anti-sigma(28) factor, flgm. however, the regulatory hierarchy in several bacteria that have multiple flagellins is more complex. in these bacteria, the flagellin genes are often transcribed by at least two different sigma factors. the flagellar filament in spirochetes consists of one to three flab core proteins and at least one flaa sheath protein. here, the genetica ... | 2010 | 20304988 |
| human intestinal spirochaetosis in northern japan. | a histological diagnosis of human intestinal spirochaetosis (his) was made in 114 patients during the period 1994-2007. all patients lived in three prefectures in the northern part of honshu, japan. most patients were elderly and male. twenty-nine patients complained of abdominal pain, bloody stools, diarrhoea or bowel symptoms, but most patients showed no direct symptoms of bowel disease, and occult faecal blood detected at medical check-up was the main reason for colonoscopic examination. ther ... | 2010 | 20378723 |
| consecutive pathological and immunological alterations during experimentally induced swine dysentery - a study performed by repeated endoscopy and biopsy samplings through an intestinal cannula. | the development of intestinal lesions after inoculation with brachyspira hyodysenteriae was followed by repeated endoscopy and biopsy sampling through a caecal cannula. seven eight-week-old pigs were cannulated and inoculated, two were cannulated but not inoculated, and two pigs were inoculated but not cannulated. endoscopy, biopsy, and blood sampling to determine saa (serum amyloid a), haptoglobin, cortisol, and wbc counts were performed at scheduled time-points. at the third day of disease, en ... | 2007 | 17023011 |
| a multiplex real-time pcr for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of brachyspira hyodysenteriae, brachyspira pilosicoli and lawsonia intracellularis in pig faeces. | a multiplex real-time pcr assay was developed to detect and quantify b. hyodysenteriae, b. pilosicoli, and l. intracellularis in pig faeces. specific probes and primers were directed against the nadh oxidase (nox) gene of brachyspira and the aspartate ammonia lyase (aspa) gene of l. intracellularis, respectively. the analytical sensitivity for the real-time pcr assay, expressed as limit of detection (lod) was below 10 dna copies for l. intracellularis, 14 dna copies for b. pilosicoli and 26 dna ... | 2010 | 20496826 |
| improvement in motion efficiency of the spirochete brachyspira pilosicoli in viscous environments. | spirochetes are unique among swimming bacteria in terms of their lack of external flagella. they actively move in viscous environments, and, surprisingly, the swimming speed of the spirochete leptospira interrogans has been reported to increase with viscosity in methylcellulose solutions. many researchers consider that the presence of a loose, quasi-rigid network formed by linear polymer molecules is related to this strange phenomenon. one of the authors has proposed a theory that expresses this ... | 2006 | 16415052 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis of the swine dysentery pathogen, brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a severe colonic infection of pigs that has a considerable economic impact in many swine-producing countries. in spite of its importance, knowledge about the global epidemiology and population structure of b. hyodysenteriae is limited. progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of a low-cost, portable, and discriminatory method for strain typing. the aim of the current study was to develop and test a mu ... | 2010 | 20554811 |
| prevalence of brachyspira pilosicoli and "brachyspira canis" in dogs and their association with diarrhoea. | the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of colonization with intestinal spirochaetes in dogs, and to assess their association with diarrhoea. to achieve this, faecal samples from 311 dogs were obtained between november 2008 and april 2009 and cultured for brachyspira species. a total of 41 brachyspira spp. isolates were recovered, and these were classified into species according to their biochemical properties, and results of a b. pilosicoli species-specific pcr, and partial am ... | 2010 | 20570060 |
| the effect of fermentable carbohydrates on experimental swine dysentery and whip worm infections in pigs. | an experiment was conducted to study the effect of diets with contrasting fermentability in the large intestine on experimental infections with brachyspira hyodysenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery, and the whip worm, trichuris suis, in pigs. two diets with organically grown ingredients were composed. both diets were based on triticale and barley and supplemented with either rape seed cake (diet 1) or dried chicory root and sweet lupins (diet 2). the study had a three-factorial desi ... | 2007 | 17049759 |
| the complete genome sequence of the pathogenic intestinal spirochete brachyspira pilosicoli and comparison with other brachyspira genomes. | the anaerobic spirochete brachyspira pilosicoli colonizes the large intestine of various species of birds and mammals, including humans. it causes "intestinal spirochetosis", a condition characterized by mild colitis, diarrhea and reduced growth. this study aimed to sequence and analyse the bacterial genome to investigate the genetic basis of its specialized ecology and virulence. | 2010 | 20625514 |
| in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains isolated in japan from 1985 to 2009. | the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 72 brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates collected from clinical cases of swine dysentery (sd) in 11 prefectures in japan between 1985 and 2009 were investigated by an agar dilution method using five antimicrobial agents. there is a tendency of japanese field isolates of b. hyodysenteriae to acquire resistance to the main antimicrobials used in sd treatment such as tiamulin, valnemulin, and efrotomycin. a responsible approach for selection and use of antimicro ... | 2010 | 20697185 |
| typhlocolitis associated with spirochaetes in goose flocks. | the role of brachyspira bacteria in the aetiology of increased mortality observed in two breeder goose flocks (flock a consisting of 1,500 and flock b comprising 4,500 laying geese) at the end of the first egg-laying season, in the period of moulting, was studied. in flock a 415 geese (28%) died during an 8-week period while in flock b 834 geese (18%) died during a 12-week period. on gross pathological examination, the geese were found to have haemorrhagic-to-necrotic inflammation of the large i ... | 2006 | 16448936 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of brachyspira intermedia and brachyspira pilosicoli isolates from australian chickens. | susceptibilities of predominantly australian isolates of the pathogenic intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira intermedia (n = 25) and brachyspira pilosicoli (n = 17) from chickens were tested in agar dilution against four concentrations each of the antimicrobials tiamulin, lincomycin, tylosin, metronidazole, tetracycline and ampicillin. based on available minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoint values for brachyspira hyodysenteriae or other gram-negative enteric veterinary pathogens, iso ... | 2006 | 16448937 |
| development of a two-step nested duplex pcr assay for the rapid detection of brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira intermedia in chicken faeces. | avian intestinal spirochaetosis (ais) is an infection of the caeca and/or colo-rectum of laying and meat breeder hens caused by anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes of the genus brachyspira. ais can result in a variety of symptoms, including delayed and/or reduced egg production, and increased faecal water content. the two most commonly reported brachyspira species involved in ais are brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira intermedia, and their detection and identification can be difficult and time ... | 2006 | 16677782 |
| observations of variable inter-observer agreement for clinical evaluation of faecal consistency in grow-finishing pigs. | inter-observer agreement for assessment of faecal consistency in pigs was evaluated using a scoring system with 3 categories. in a pilot study, 3 observers performed an examination of faecal samples post-collection. the samples were obtained from pigs (12-13 weeks old) in 4 herds with a history of diarrhoea associated with lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira spp. and/or porcine circovirus type 2. observer 1 examined all the faecal samples from the 4 herds. observer 2 only examined the faecal s ... | 2010 | 21183234 |
| [swine dysentery eradication in a grower-finisher farm in switzerland]. | on a swiss grower-finisher farm blood-tinged-diarrhoea in pigs weighing 40 to 60 kg was observed during several months, resulting in reduced feed efficiency and a prolonged fattening period. as part of a research project, in february 2007 faecal samples were analysed and one diseased pig was euthanised and sent for necropsy where typical gut lesions indicative for a brachyspira (b.) hyodysenteriae infection were found. b. hyodysenteriae was demonstrated by pcr in 4 out of 5 faecal samples. the p ... | 2011 | 21210368 |
| investigations on the prevalence and potential pathogenicity of intestinal trichomonads in pigs using in situ hybridization. | in pigs, three different trichomonad species (tritrichomonas foetus, tetratrichomonas buttreyi and tritrichomonas rotunda) have been described as commensals in the large intestine. the aim of this study was to gain further knowledge on the prevalence and pathogenicity of trichomonads in pigs by using a morphology-based approach. chromogenic in situ hybridization (ish) is a technique which allows direct localization of the protozoa in the intestinal tissue and correlation of the infection with pa ... | 2010 | 21236578 |
| transmission of swine pathogens: different means, different needs. | there seems to be two main types of pathogens that cause diseases in swine: those that are mainly introduced through direct pig contacts, and those that are often, and in some situations mainly introduced by indirect transmission means. in this review, the mange mite (sarcoptes scabiei), toxigenic pasteurella multocida and brachyspira hyodysenteriae will be used as examples of the first type, and foot and mouth disease virus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory synd ... | 2011 | 21241537 |
| induction and transcription of vsh-1, a prophage-like gene transfer agent of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the anaerobic spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae is host to a bacteriophage-like agent known as vsh-1. vsh-1 is a novel gene transfer mechanism which does not self-propagate and transfers random 7.5kb fragments of host dna between b. hyodysenteriae cells. in these investigations early events during vsh-1 induction by mitomycin c were examined. quantitative pcr analysis revealed that vsh-1 hvp38 and hvp53 genes did not detectably increase in copy numbers during induction. based on northern blo ... | 2007 | 17540587 |
| identification of a new steroid degrading bacterial strain h5 from the baltic sea and isolation of two estradiol inducible genes. | the presence of steroid hormones in the aquatic environment is potentially threatening the population dynamics of all kinds of sea animals and public health. environmental estrogens in water have been reported to be associated with abnormal sexual development and abnormal feminizing responses in some animals. new approaches for the bioremediation of steroid hormones from the environment are therefore urgently sought. we have previously isolated a steroid degrading bacterial strain (h5) from the ... | 2011 | 21310233 |
| faecal excretion of intestinal spirochaetes by urban dogs, and their pathogenicity in a chick model of intestinal spirochaetosis. | this study aimed to obtain information about the types of spirochaetes colonising urban dogs in thailand, and to investigate their pathogenic potential in a day-old chick model of intestinal spirochaetosis. spirochaetes were isolated from the faeces of six of 47 (12.8%) healthy dogs and 11 of 104 (10.6%) dogs with diarrhoea. their biochemical properties and 16s ribosomal dna sequences were analysed. four isolates were identified as brachyspira pilosicoli, three resembled "brachyspira pulli", nin ... | 2011 | 21320714 |
| typhlocolitis associated with spirochaetes in duck flocks. | the aetiology of increased mortality observed in two breeder duck flocks (flock a consisting of 3500 laying ducks and flock b comprising 4300 laying ducks) during the first egg-laying season was studied. in flocks a and b, 773 ducks and 715 ducks (18.4% and 16.6%) died within a 24-week and a 20-week period, respectively. death was preceded by clinical signs including movement difficulties, lack of appetite and depression lasting for 1 to 2 days. diarrhoea was not observed. on gross pathological ... | 2011 | 21331945 |
| evidence that the 36kb plasmid of brachyspira hyodysenteriae contributes to virulence. | swine dysentery (sd) results from infection of the porcine large intestine with the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. recently the genome of virulent australian b. hyodysenteriae strain wa1 was sequenced, and a 36kilobase (kb) circular plasmid was identified. the plasmid contained 31 genes including six rfb genes that were predicted to be involved with rhamnose biosynthesis, and others associated with glycosylation. in the current study a set of pcrs was developed to a ... | 2011 | 21458173 |
| characterisation of multiresistant brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates from czech pig farms. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of clonal spread of brachyspira hyodysenteriae resistant to pleuromutilins (tiamulin, valnemulin) on farms in the czech republic. agar dilution method and macrorestriction fragment profile analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis were used to characterise 35 b hyodysenteriae isolates that were obtained from clinical cases of swine dysentery on 32 farms between 2000 and 2005. most isolates showed multiple resistances to tiamulin, val ... | 2011 | 21493555 |
| typing of brachyspira spp. from rodents, pigs and chickens on swedish farms. | the aim of the current study was to look for evidence of possible cross-species transmission of brachyspira species between rodents and farm animals. to do this, previously collected and characterised brachyspira isolates from rodents, pigs and chickens on the same farms were analysed by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd). isolates with similar rapd banding patterns were further typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). identical isolates of brachyspira pilosicoli, brachyspira inter ... | 2011 | 21497461 |
| the use of quantitative pcr for identification and quantification of brachyspira pilosicoli, lawsonia intracellularis and escherichia coli fimbrial types f4 and f18 in pig feces. | four quantitative pcr (qpcr) assays were evaluated for quantitative detection of brachyspira pilosicoli, lawsonia intracellularis, and e. coli fimbrial types f4 and f18 in pig feces. standard curves were based on feces spiked with the respective reference strains. the detection limits from the spiking experiments were 10(2) bacteria/g feces for bpilo-qpcr and laws-qpcr, 10(3)cfu/g feces for f4-qpcr and f18-qpcr. the pcr efficiency for all four qpcr assays was between 0.91 and 1.01 with r(2) abov ... | 2011 | 21530108 |
| trends towards lower antimicrobial susceptibility and characterization of acquired resistance among clinical isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae in spain. | antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae in spain was monitored and the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance were investigated. minimal inhibitory concentrations of tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, lincomycin and tylvalosin were determined for 87 b. hyodysenteriae isolates recovered from 2008 to 2009 by broth dilution. domain v of the 23s rrna gene and the ribosomal protein l3 gene were sequenced in 20 isolates with tiamulin mic ≥4 μg/ml, presenting ... | 2011 | 21555771 |
| enterohepatic helicobacter species | most of the members of the genus
helicobacter do not normally colonize the gastric mucosa, but
instead thrive in the mucosal surfaces of the intestinal tract and/or the liver of
humans, other mammals, and birds. these enterohepatic helicobacter
species have features of ultrastructure and physiology in common with helicobacter pylori and the other gastric
helicobacter species, and have been the subject of several recent
... | 2001 | 21290746 |
| experimental study on the role of brachyspira alvinipulli in intestinal spirochaetosis of geese. | ten one-day-old goslings were inoculated orally with a brachyspira alvinipulli strain isolated from the large intestine of geese that had died of intestinal spirochaetosis (group a), 10 day-old goslings were inoculated orally with a b. hyodysenteriae strain (group b), and a third group of 10 goslings (group c) served as uninfected control. the goslings were observed daily for clinical signs. they were sacrificed on days 7, 14, 21 and 35 days postinfection (pi), and necropsied. segments of the la ... | 2007 | 17867459 |
| experimental inoculation of day-old ducks with brachyspira pilosicoli and b. alvinipulli. | two groups of one-day-old peking ducklings (groups i and ii, 12 birds/group) were inoculated orally with brachyspira pilosicoli and two groups with b. alvinipulli (groups iii and iv, 12 birds/group). t-2 toxin was added to the feed of groups ii and iv in a dose of 1 mg/kg of feed. groups v and vi served as uninfected control groups (ducks of group vi received t-2 toxin). the body weight gain of the ducks was measured and clinical signs were monitored continuously. the birds were sacrificed and n ... | 2011 | 21665570 |
| simultaneous detection of brachyspira hyodysenteriae, brachyspira pilosicoli and lawsonia intracellularis in porcine faeces and tissue samples by multiplex-pcr. | diarrhoea in growing and finishing pigs is usually caused by infectious agents and laboratory diagnosis is a prerequisite for efficient therapy. cultivation of brachyspira hyodysenteriae or brachyspira pilosicoli and detection of lawsonia intracellularis by means of immunofluorescence tests (ift) are time-consuming and in some cases lack sensitivity. a multiplex-pcr was designed to detect simultaneously these three pathogens in faeces and tissue samples, allowing the differential diagnosis of dy ... | 2007 | 17931231 |
| phenotypic and molecular characterization of brachyspira spp. isolated from laying hens in different housing systems. | several species of intestinal spirochaetes, brachyspira (b.) alvinipulli, b. intermedia and b. pilosicoli, may cause reduced egg production and faecal staining of eggshells in chickens. the aim of this study was to characterize potentially pathogenic and presumably non-pathogenic brachyspira spp. from commercial laying hens. selective culture, phenotyping, pcr and 16s rrna gene sequencing were used and clinical data were collected. phenotypic profiles were obtained for 489 isolates and 351 isola ... | 2008 | 18375077 |
| bloodstream infection due to brachyspira pilosicoli in a patient with multiorgan failure. | brachyspira pilosicoli is an etiological agent of human intestinal spirochetosis. bloodstream infection due to this microorganism is rare. we report a case of b. pilosicoli bacteremia in a 70-year-old patient who presented with multiorgan failure. | 2011 | 21832021 |