| early cytokine release in response to live borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes is largely complement independent. | here we investigated the role of complement activation in phagocytosis and the release of cytokines and chemokines in response to two clinical isolates: borrelia afzelii k78, which is resistant to complement-mediated lysis, and borrelia garinii lu59, which is complement-sensitive. | 2014 | 25265036 |
| the heterogeneity, distribution, and environmental associations of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of lyme borreliosis, in scotland. | lyme borreliosis is an emerging infectious human disease caused by the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex of bacteria with reported cases increasing in many areas of europe and north america. to understand the drivers of disease risk and the distribution of symptoms, which may improve mitigation and diagnostics, here we characterize the genetics, distribution, and environmental associations of b. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies across scotland. in scotland, reported lyme borreliosis cases have ... | 2014 | 25221774 |
| genome sequence of borrelia garinii strain sz, isolated in china. | we announce the genome sequence of borrelia garinii strain sz, isolated from dermacentor ticks collected in northeastern china. b. garinii strain sz carries numerous plasmids, both 10 circular and 9 linear plasmids. the 902,487-bp linear chromosome (28.2% gc content) contains 820 open reading frames, 33 trnas, and 4 complete rrnas. the plasmid cp32-10 contains one clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr) with four repeats. | 2014 | 25035317 |
| tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in birds in guangxi, southwest china. | wildlife is an important natural reservoir of many tick-borne pathogens. these agents have an impact on the health of humans and other animals throughout the world. this study was conducted to determine whether and what species of tick-borne agents had infected wild birds collected from guangxi, in southwest china. | 2015 | 26666827 |
| in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of phytochemicals and micronutrients against borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia garinii. | little is known about the effects of phytochemicals against borrelia sp. causing lyme disease. current therapeutic approach to this disease is limited to antibiotics. this study examined the anti-borreliae efficacy of several plant-derived compounds and micronutrients. | 2015 | 26457476 |
| infections and mixed infections with the selected species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in eastern poland: a significant increase in the course of 5 years. | in the years 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, 1620 and 1500 questing ixodes ricinus ticks, respectively, were examined on the territory of the lublin province (eastern poland). the presence of three pathogenic species causing lyme disease was investigated: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. afzelii and b. garinii. the proportion of i. ricinus ticks infected with b. burgdorferi sensu lato showed a highly significant increase between 2008-2009 and 2013-2014, from 6.0 to 15.3%. a significant increase w ... | 2015 | 26590929 |
| blood-borne candidatus borrelia algerica in a patient with prolonged fever in oran, algeria. | to improve the knowledge base of borrelia in north africa, we tested 257 blood samples collected from febrile patients in oran, algeria, between january and december 2012 for borrelia species using flagellin gene polymerase chain reaction sequencing. a sequence indicative of a new borrelia sp. named candidatus borrelia algerica was detected in one blood sample. further multispacer sequence typing indicated this borrelia sp. had 97% similarity with borrelia crocidurae, borrelia duttonii, and borr ... | 2015 | 26416117 |
| serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection was previously detected. | a serological survey of borrelia infection of dogs was performed in sapporo, japan, where borrelia garinii infection in dogs was detected in 2011. a total of 314 serum samples were collected from dogs that visited three animal hospitals in sapporo from 2012 to 2014. the two-step evaluation method, involving screening elisa followed by western blot analysis, was used to detect antibodies against borrelia species. a total of 34 samples were positive by elisa. among those 34 samples, 32 were positi ... | 2015 | 26522809 |
| an invasive mammal (the gray squirrel, sciurus carolinensis) commonly hosts diverse and atypical genotypes of the zoonotic pathogen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | invasive vertebrate species can act as hosts for endemic pathogens and may alter pathogen community composition and dynamics. for the zoonotic pathogen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of lyme borreliosis, recent work shows invasive rodent species can be of high epidemiological importance and may support host-specific strains. this study examined the role of gray squirrels (sciurus carolinensis) (n = 679), an invasive species in the united kingdom, as b. burgdorferi sensu lato hosts. w ... | 2015 | 25888168 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in humans in a rural area of paraná state, brazil. | this study describes the detection of borrelia garinii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) in brazilian individuals using pcr and dna sequencing. our results suggest that these species are emerging pathogens in this country, and additional studies are necessary to determine the epidemiological characteristics of this disease in brazil. | 2015 | 26273276 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from eastern china. | to explore the tick distribution and prevalence of borrelia in zhejiang province, we performed a survey in nine sites. a total of 447 adult ticks of 11 species were captured and the dominant tick species were haemaphysalis longicornis and ixodes sinensis and the abundance of tick species in different areas varied significantly. overall, 4.70% of the ticks were polymerase chain reaction (pcr) positive for borrelia. the average pcr positive rates were 5.19% for h. longicornis, 3.45% for amblyomma ... | 2015 | 25548382 |
| morgellons disease: a filamentous borrelial dermatitis. | morgellons disease (md) is a dermopathy characterized by multicolored filaments that lie under, are embedded in, or project from skin. although md was initially considered to be a delusional disorder, recent studies have demonstrated that the dermopathy is associated with tickborne infection, that the filaments are composed of keratin and collagen, and that they result from proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in epithelial tissue. culture, histopathological and molecular evidence of s ... | 2016 | 27789971 |
| cooperation of doxycycline with phytochemicals and micronutrients against active and persistent forms of borrelia sp. | phytochemicals and micronutrients represent a growing theme in antimicrobial defense; however, little is known about their anti-borreliae effects of reciprocal cooperation with antibiotics. a better understanding of this aspect could advance our knowledge and help improve the efficacy of current approaches towards borrelia sp. in this study, phytochemicals and micronutrients such as baicalein, luteolin, 10-had, iodine, rosmarinic acid, and monolaurin, as well as, vitamins d3 and c were tested in ... | 2016 | 27570483 |
| comparison of growth of borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto at five different temperatures. | lyme borreliosis is caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, a fastidious bacterium that replicates slowly and requires special conditions to grow in the laboratory. borrelia isolation from clinical material is a golden standard for microbiological diagnosis of borrelial infection. important factors that affect in vitro borrelia growth are temperature of incubation and number of borrelia cells in the sample. the aim of the study was to assess the influence of temperature on borr ... | 2016 | 27310556 |
| texas occurrence of lyme disease and its neurological manifestations. | today, lyme disease is the most commonly reported tick-borne disease in the united states and europe. the culprits behind lyme disease are the borrelia species of bacteria. in the usa, borrelia burgdorferi causes the majority of cases, while in europe and asia borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii carry the greatest burden of disease. the clinical manifestations of lyme disease have been identified as early localized, early disseminated, and late chronic. the neurological effects of lyme disease ... | 2016 | 27478852 |
| co-infection of ticks: the rule rather than the exception. | ticks are the most common arthropod vectors of both human and animal diseases in europe, and the ixodes ricinus tick species is able to transmit a large number of bacteria, viruses and parasites. ticks may also be co-infected with several pathogens, with a subsequent high likelihood of co-transmission to humans or animals. however few data exist regarding co-infection prevalences, and these studies only focus on certain well-known pathogens. in addition to pathogens, ticks also carry symbionts t ... | 2016 | 26986203 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and spotted fever group rickettsiae in hard ticks (acari, ixodidae) parasitizing bats in poland. | a total of 491 ixodes vespertilionis and 8 ixodes ricinus collected from bats and cave walls in southern poland between 2010 and 2012 were examined by the polymerase chain reaction for tick-transmitted pathogens. pcr analysis for borrelia burgdorferi s.l., rickettsia spp., and anaplasma phagocytophilum yielded negative results for all i. vespertilionis. dna of rickettsia helvetica was detected in three specimens of i. ricinus attached to rhinolophus hipposideros or myotis myotis, while borrelia ... | 2016 | 26833325 |
| whole-genome sequencing of borrelia garinii bgvir, isolated from taiga ticks (ixodes persulcatus). | most lyme borreliosis cases in russia result from borrelia garinii nt29 group infection. borrelias of this group circulate exclusively in ixodes persulcatus ticks, which are seldom found beyond russia and the far east. here we report the whole-genome sequence of borrelia garinii bgvir isolated from an i. persulcatus female. | 0 | 23012288 |
| pathogenic analysis of borrelia garinii strain sz isolated from northeastern china. | various genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) have been identified from patients and animals worldwide. genospecies-related dissemination of disease has been reported. the present study aimed to elucidate the pathogenicity of infections caused by b. garinii sz isolated in china. b. burgdorferi b31 and b. afzelii bo23 were used for comparison. | 2013 | 23773815 |
| borrelia diversity and co-infection with other tick borne pathogens in ticks. | identifying borrelia burgdorferi as the causative agent of lyme disease in 1981 was a watershed moment in understanding the major impact that tick-borne zoonoses can have on public health worldwide, particularly in europe and the usa. the medical importance of tick-borne diseases has long since been acknowledged, yet little is known regarding the occurrence of emerging tick-borne pathogens such as borrelia spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., bartonella spp., "candidatus neoehrlichi ... | 2017 | 28261565 |
| transmission differentials for multiple pathogens as inferred from their prevalence in larva, nymph and adult of ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae). | ixodes ricinus serves as vector for a range of microorganisms capable of causing clinical illness in humans. the microorganisms occur in the same vector populations and are generally affected by the same tick-host interactions. still, the instars have different host preferences which should manifest in different transmission patterns for various microorganisms in the tick populations, i.e., most microorganisms increase in prevalence rate from larvae to nymphs because their reservoirs are among s ... | 2017 | 28255923 |
| emergence of tick-borne pathogens (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, ricketsia raoultii and babesia microti) in the kyiv urban parks, ukraine. | to date, only limited data about the presence of ticks and circulation of tick-borne pathogens in urban parks of kyiv in northern ukraine are available. in total, 767 ticks (696 ixodes ricinus and 69 dermacentor reticulatus) collected in seven urban parks and one suburban oak wood park in kyiv were individually analyzed by the pcr assays. tick-borne pathogens, namely spirochetes from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and babesia microti, were detected in 11.1% o ... | 2017 | 27923669 |
| co-infections and transmission dynamics in a tick-borne bacterium community exposed to songbirds. | we investigated the transmission dynamics of a community of tick-borne pathogenic bacteria in a common european songbird (parus major). tick-naïve birds were infested with three successive batches (spaced 5 days apart) of field-collected ixodes ricinus nymphs, carrying the following tick-borne bacteria: rickettsia helvetica (16.9%), borrelia garinii (1.9%), borrelia miyamotoi (1.6%), anaplasma phagocytophilum (1.2%) and candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis (0.4%). fed ticks were screened for the p ... | 2016 | 26627444 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and co-infections with anaplasma phagocytophilum and rickettsia spp. in ixodes ricinus in hamburg, germany. | to obtain initial data on borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (spirochaetales: spirochaetaceae) in ixodes ricinus (ixodida: ixodidae) ticks in hamburg, germany, 1400 questing ticks were collected by flagging at 10 different public recreation areas in 2011 and analysed using probe-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. the overall rate of infection with b. burgdorferi s.l. was 34.1%; 30.0% of adults were infected (36.7% of females and 26.0% of males), as were 34.5% of nymphs. signifi ... | 2015 | 26096626 |
| prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from migratory birds in latvia. | migratory birds act as hosts and long-distance vectors for several tick-borne infectious agents. here, feeding ixodes ticks were collected from migratory birds during the autumn migration period in latvia and screened for the presence of epidemiologically important non-viral pathogens. a total of 93 dna samples of ticks (37 larvae and 56 nymphs) removed from 41 birds (order passeriformes, 9 species) was tested for lyme borreliosis spirochaetes, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., and bab ... | 2014 | 24246709 |
| prevalence of lyme borrelia in ixodes persulcatus ticks from an area with a confirmed case of lyme disease. | in this study, the prevalence of borrelia infections in ixodes ticks from a site in hokkaido, japan, with confirmed cases of lyme disease was determined by a pcr method capable of detecting and differentiating between strains of pathogenic borrelia, with particular emphasis on borrelia garinii (b. garinii) and borrelia afzelli (b. afzelli), using tick-derived dna extracts as template. a total of 338 ticks, inclusive of 284 ixodes persulcatus (i. persulcatus), were collected by flagging vegetatio ... | 2013 | 23047332 |
| tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in ticks feeding on the common nightingale including a novel strain of rickettsia sp. | we examined 77 ixodes ricinus ticks found on 33 out of 120 common nightingales (luscinia megarhynchos) sampled in the czech republic in 2008 for the presence of borrelia spirochetes, anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia spp., and babesia spp. we detected borrelia garinii (in 4% of ticks), a. phagocytophilum (1%), rickettsia helvetica (3%), a novel strain of rickettsia sp. (sister taxon of r. bellii; 1%), and babesia sp. eu1 (1%). thus, we conclude that nightingales are unlikely to be important ... | 2012 | 22906497 |
| survey on tick-borne pathogens in thoroughbred horses in the hidaka district, hokkaido, japan. | a total of 87 thoroughbred horses and 10 ixodid ticks from a ranch in hidaka district, hokkaido were tested for tick-borne diseases. using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) method, 3.4, 92.0 and 97.7% of the horses showed antibody titers of ≥ 80 against anaplasma phagocytophilum, rickettsia helvetica, and borrelia garinii, respectively. this is the first report of infection with the 3 pathogens in horses in japan. using pcr, dnas from the peripheral blood of all horses were found negative ... | 2013 | 22878540 |
| borrelia miyamotoi infections among wild rodents show age and month independence and correlation with ixodes persulcatus larval attachment in hokkaido, japan. | to clarify how borrelia miyamotoi is maintained in the environment in hokkaido, we examined ixodes persulcatus for its prevalence among wild rodents and its tick vector by detecting a portion of the borrelial flab gene in rodent urinary bladder and blood samples, and from whole ticks. we compared b. miyamotoi infection rates to borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, which are human lyme disease pathogens also carried by wild rodents, and which are transmitted by the same vector tick. whereas b. ... | 2013 | 23210636 |
| induction of apoptosis in normal human dermal fibroblasts infected with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi s.l. can enter into different eukaryotic cells. intracellular localization of bacteria may cause many changes in different cell pathways like apoptosis-mediated caspase cascade. the present studies focused on gene expression associated with caspase cascade after normal human dermal fibroblasts (nhdf) infection with borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii, and b. burgdorferi s.s. the use of oligonucleotide microarray technique enabled an expression level comparison ... | 2017 | 28068192 |
| enzootic origins for clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis. | both early localized and late disseminated forms of lyme borreliosis are caused by borrelia burgdorferi senso lato. differentiating between the spirochetes that only cause localized skin infection from those that cause disseminated infection, and tracing the group of medically-important spirochetes to a specific vertebrate host species, are two critical issues in disease risk assessment and management. borrelia burgdorferi senso lato isolates from lyme borreliosis cases with distinct clinical ma ... | 2017 | 28040562 |
| lyme borreliosis. | lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease that predominantly occurs in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and is primarily caused by the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi in north america and borrelia afzelii or borrelia garinii in europe and asia. infection usually begins with an expanding skin lesion, known as erythema migrans (referred to as stage 1), which, if untreated, can be followed by early disseminated infection, particularly neurological abnormalities (stage 2), and by late infe ... | 2016 | 27976670 |
| acarological risk of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infections across space and time in the netherlands. | a longitudinal investigation on tick populations and their borrelia infections in the netherlands was undertaken between 2006 and 2011 with the aim to assess spatial and temporal patterns of the acarological risk in forested sites across the country and to assess variations in borrelia genospecies diversity. ticks were collected monthly in 11 sites and nymphs were examined for borrelia infections. tick populations expressed strong seasonal variations, with consistent and significant differences ... | 2017 | 27893309 |
| multistrain infections with lyme borreliosis pathogens in the tick vector. | mixed or multiple-strain infections are common in vector-borne diseases and have important implications for the epidemiology of these pathogens. previous studies have mainly focused on interactions between pathogen strains in the vertebrate host, but little is known about what happens in the arthropod vector. borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii are two species of spirochete bacteria that cause lyme borreliosis in europe and that share a tick vector, ixodes ricinus each of these two tick-borne ... | 2017 | 27836839 |
| expression profiles of toll-like receptors in the differentiation of an infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes. | the similarity of lyme borreliosis to other diseases and its complex pathogenesis present diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. the changes that occur at the cellular and molecular levels after a borrelia sp. infection still remain poorly understood. therefore, the present study focused on the expression of tlr and tlr-signaling genes in human dermal fibroblasts in the differentiation of an infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes. normal human dermal fibroblasts were cultur ... | 2017 | 27604757 |
| pre-exposure prophylaxis with ospa-specific human monoclonal antibodies protects mice against tick transmission of lyme disease spirochetes. | tick transmission of borrelia spirochetes to humans results in significant morbidity from lyme disease worldwide. serum concentrations of antibodies against outer surface protein a (ospa) were shown to correlate with protection from infection with borrelia burgdorferi, the primary cause of lyme disease in the united states. | 2016 | 27338767 |
| diversifying forest communities may change lyme disease risk: extra dimension to the dilution effect in europe. | lyme disease is caused by bacteria of the borrelia burgdorferi genospecies complex and transmitted by ixodid ticks. in north america only one pathogenic genospecies occurs, in europe there are several. according to the dilution effect hypothesis (deh), formulated in north america, nymphal infection prevalence (nip) decreases with increasing host diversity since host species differ in transmission potential. we analysed borrelia infection in nymphs from 94 forest stands in belgium, which are part ... | 2016 | 27173094 |
| imbalanced presence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. multilocus sequence types in clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis. | in this study we used typing based on the eight multilocus sequence typing scheme housekeeping genes (mlst) and 5s-23s rdna intergenic spacer (igs) to explore the population structure of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from patients with lyme borreliosis (lb) and to test the association between the b. burgdorferi s.l. sequence types (st) and the clinical manifestations they cause in humans. isolates of b. burgdorferi from 183 lb cases across europe, with distinct clinical manifestations ... | 2016 | 27125686 |
| sensitivity of lyme borreliosis spirochetes to serum complement of regular zoo animals: potential reservoir competence of some exotic vertebrates. | reaction of vertebrate serum complement with different borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species is used as a basis in determining reservoir hosts among domesticated and wild animals. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii were tested for their sensitivity to sera of exotic vertebrate species housed in five zoos located in the czech republic. we confirmed that different borrelia species have different sensitivity to host serum. we found that tolerance to borreli ... | 2016 | 26783940 |
| natural foci of borrelia lusitaniae in a mountain region of central europe. | lyme borreliosis is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in europe. it is caused by spirochaetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex and transmitted to humans by ticks of the genus ixodes. borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia valaisiana are the most common genospecies in central europe. in contrast, borrelia lusitaniae predominates in mediterranean countries such as portugal, morocco, and tunisia. in slovakia, its prevalence is low and restricted to only a few site ... | 2016 | 26711673 |
| occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in different genera of mosquitoes (culicidae) in central europe. | lyme disease or lyme borreliosis is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. some stages of the borrelial transmission cycle in ticks (transstadial, feeding and co-feeding) can potentially occur also in insects, particularly in mosquitoes. in the present study, adult as well as larval mosquitoes were collected at 42 different geographical locations throughout germany. this is the first study, in which german mosquitoes were analyzed ... | 2016 | 26631488 |
| biofilm formation by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | bacterial biofilms are microbial communities held together by an extracellular polymeric substance matrix predominantly composed of polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids. we had previously shown that borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative organism of lyme disease in the united states is capable of forming biofilms in vitro. here, we investigated biofilm formation by b. afzelii and b. garinii, which cause lyme disease in europe. using various histochemistry and microscopy techniq ... | 2015 | 26208529 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-infected ixodes ricinus collected from vegetation near the arctic circle. | this is the first study to determine the density of questing ixodes ricinus in northern norway. it was performed at two sites in brønnøy, which has been known for its tick permissive habitats for decades and is one of the northernmost habitats with an abundant i. ricinus population in the world. from april to november 2011, all stages of host-seeking i. ricinus were collected from the two sites. the overall prevalence of nymphs infected with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 21% and that of ad ... | 2015 | 26187417 |
| an investigation of binding ability of ixodes persulcatus schulze salp15 with lyme disease spirochetes. | salp15, a 15-kda tick salivary gland protein, has several suppressive modes of activity against host immunity and plays a critical role in the transmission of lyme disease spirochetes in ixodes scapularis and ixodes ricinus, major vectors of lyme disease in north america and western europe. salp15 adheres to borrelia burgdorferi and specifically interacts with its outer surface protein c (ospc), protecting the spirochete from antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and facilitating infection in the mice. ... | 2015 | 25796479 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia, borrelia, and babesia species in ixodes ricinus sampled in northeastern, central, and insular areas of italy. | the aim of the present study was to provide insight into the diversity of tick-borne pathogens circulating in italy, carried/transmitted by ixodes ricinus, one of the most abundant tick species in the country. a total of 447 specimens sampled in five areas of northeastern, central and insular italy were analysed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing for the presence of rickettsiae, borreliae and babesiae. several rickettsial species of the spotted fever group of zoonotic concern and other ... | 2015 | 25784072 |
| pilot study assessing the effectiveness of factory-treated, long-lasting permethrin-impregnated clothing for the prevention of tick bites during occupational tick exposure in highly infested military training areas, germany. | the protective effectiveness of factory-based permethrin-impregnated polymer-coated battle dress uniforms (ptbdus) against tick bites was evaluated at four military training areas in southwestern and central germany where tick bite incidence is known to be high. data were analyzed by comparing tick bite incidence using non-permethrin-treated bdus (ntbdus) during 2009 versus ptbdus during 2010 and 2011, the first two years after their formal introduction for in-country use in the german bundesweh ... | 2015 | 25416331 |
| antibodies to decorin-binding protein b (dbpb) in the diagnosis of lyme neuroborreliosis in children. | laboratory support is needed to confirm the clinical diagnosis of lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb). antibodies to borrelia-specific proteins have been used to improve serological diagnostics. the aims of this study were to assess the occurrence of antibodies to decorin-binding protein b (dbpb) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in children with lnb and to evaluate the performance of dbpb variants in the diagnosis of lnb in children. | 2014 | 25316329 |
| lyme borreliosis caused by diverse genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in northeastern china. | the variety of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi) genospecies leads to distinction in clinical manifestations of lyme borreliosis (lb). there are reports of lb clinical characteristics in china, where the b. burgdorferi genospecies in ticks and animal hosts are different from those in europe and north america. during may to september in 2010 and 2011, all patients who had erythema migrans (em, more than 5 cm in diameter) after a recent tick-bite, and sought medical care at mudanjia ... | 2014 | 24438159 |
| songbirds as general transmitters but selective amplifiers of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genotypes in ixodes rinicus ticks. | we investigated to what extent a european songbird (parus major) selectively transmits and amplifies borrelia burgdorferi s.l. bacteria. borrelia-naïve birds were recurrently exposed to ixodes ricinus nymphs carrying a community of more than 34 5s-23s genotypes belonging to five genospecies (borrelia garinii, borrelia valaisiana, borrelia afzelii, b. burgdorferi s.s. and borrelia spielmanii). fed ticks were screened for borrelia after moulting. we found evidence for co-feeding transmission of av ... | 2014 | 24118930 |
| molecular detection and genetic identification of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii from patients presenting with a rare skin manifestation of prurigo pigmentosa in taiwan. | to determine the genetic identity of borrelia spirochetes isolated from patients with an unusual skin lesion of prurigo pigmentosa (pp) in taiwan. the causative agents responsible for human borreliosis were clarified. | 2013 | 24103333 |
| geographical distribution and prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi genospecies in questing ixodes ricinus from romania: a countrywide study. | the paper reports the prevalence and geographical distribution of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) and its genospecies in 12,221 questing ixodes ricinus ticks collected at 183 locations from all the 41 counties of romania. the unfed ticks were examined for the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l. by pcr targeting the intergenic spacer 5s-23s. reverse line blot hybridization (rlb) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis were performed for identification of b. burgdorferi gen ... | 2013 | 23890805 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia valaisiana in ixodes ricinus ticks from the northwest of norway. | over a 3-y period, ixodes ricinus ticks were randomly collected to study the prevalence of 4 borrelia species: b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. afzelii, b. garinii and b. valaisiana. while b. burgdorferi s. s., b. afzelii, and b. garinii have been associated with human borreliosis in norway for several years, b. valaisiana was reported in a norwegian tick for the first time in 2010. | 2013 | 23808719 |
| influence of mkp medium stored for prolonged periods on growth and morphology of borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. | modified kelly-pettenkofer (mkp) medium is one of the several media used for isolation and cultivation of borrelia. the aim of the study was to assess whether particular borrelia species (b. afzelii, b. garinii, and b. burgdorferi sensu stricto) have the ability to grow in mkp medium stored at +4 °c for periods for 1 month up to 1 year, and how prolonged storage may influences borrelia growth and morphology. the growth of borrelia was evaluated after 5 days of incubation at 33 °c: cell count per ... | 2014 | 23758221 |
| geodemographic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato using the 5s-23s rdna spacer region. | lyme borreliosis is the predominant tick-borne disease in the northern hemisphere, with considerable heterogeneity in clinical manifestations. here, we evaluated one genetic marker for its use in population genetic based analysis. for that we collected molecular and epidemiological records of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from ticks, animals and humans at various sites in the netherlands and worldwide. | 2013 | 23602839 |
| fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of dna from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and ixodes ricinus ticks. | in this work we present a method for detection of motile and immotile borrelia burgdorferi genomic dna, in relation with infectious and noninfectious spirochetes. an ft-ir study of dna isolated from b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains and from positive and negative ixodes ricinus ticks, respectively, is reported. motile bacterial cells from the species b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii were of interest. also, ft-ir absorbance spectra of dna from immotile spirochet ... | 2013 | 23563637 |
| differential tick burdens may explain differential borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii infection rates among four, wild, rodent species in hokkaido, japan. | the ecologies of lyme disease borrelia spp. are very specific to location, as they are dependent upon the spirochete species and genotypes, the vectors and the host vertebrates present. in hokkaido, japan, where two human pathogenic, lyme disease borrelia spp. are present, and human cases are reported annually, the ecologies have been poorly studied. our goal was to determine whether variation in borrelial infection rates among rodent species sharing an environment, is due to immunological or ec ... | 2013 | 23391510 |
| spatial spread and demographic expansion of lyme borreliosis spirochaetes in eurasia. | the lyme borreliosis (lb) group of spirochaetes currently comprises 18 named species that vary in their geographic distribution, host specificity and ability to cause disease in humans. in europe three species are most abundant, borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii and borrelia valaisiana but only two of these (b. garinii and b. afzelii) are regularly found in asia as well. a recently published study has shown that borrelia species associated with birds, such as b. garinii, showed limited geograph ... | 2013 | 23219915 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ixodes ricinus ticks from four localities in bavaria, germany. | as a part of a larger survey a total of 599 ixodes ricinus ticks collected from four locations (neustadt an der waldnaab, amberg, poppenricht and lintach) in the north of the upper palatinate in bavaria were investigated for infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.) species using the 5s-23s intergenic spacer of rrna gene as a target in a nested pcr (rijpkema et al., 1995) and a sequencing method. overall, 15.8% ticks were infected with b. burgdorferi s. i. borrelia afzelii (43.1%) w ... | 2012 | 23045802 |
| expression of genes associated with h factor in fibroblasts infected with borrelia spirochaetes. | infection with borrelia spirochaetes leads to the launch of specific and non-specific immunological response in humans. activation of the complement system is one of the first defence mechanisms against penetrating pathogens. the aim of this study was to select genes related to the alternative pathway of the complement system [including complement factor h (cfh)], differentiating the type of infection in the system model, that is, a culture of normal human diploid fibroblasts infected with three ... | 2012 | 22686626 |
| development of real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in china. | universal primers and probes were selected on the basis of the 16s rrna gene sequence of borrelia burgdorferi in genbank®, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for detection of b. burgdorferi was established. the results showed that this method could specifically detect the b31 strain (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto), the bo23 strain (borrelia afzelii), and the sz strain (borrelia garinii), without cross-reaction with genome dna of theileria (t. luwenshuni, t. uilenbergi, t ... | 2012 | 22448677 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in endomyocardial biopsy specimens in individuals with recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. | recent studies in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) have detected the genome of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bbsl) in endomyocardial biopsy (emb) specimens using a qualitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr), suggesting a causal link between lyme disease and dcm in areas in which lyme disease is endemic. we aimed to study this relationship using a comprehensive molecular analysis detecting bbsl in emb samples. | 2012 | 22379178 |
| [borrelia burgdorferi genostrains detected in the silesian voivodeship in years 2010-2012]. | the aim of this study was to analyze borrelia burgdorferi genostrains appearing in the silesian voivodeship in years 2010-2011 and the first half of 2012. material and methods. the analysis was conducted on blood samples of persons bitten by ticks and ticks provided to the provincial sanitary epidemiological station in katowice from patients. the material was examined under the angle of three genostrains of borrelia burgdorferi: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii and borrelia g ... | 2012 | 23484385 |
| comparative study of binding of ovine complement factor h with different borrelia genospecies. | this study presents the binding of ovine factor h (fh) by various serotypes of borrelia and simultaneously correlates their complement resistance to sheep serum. affinity ligand binding assay was employed to study the binding of borrelial proteins to ovine recombinant fh and its truncated forms (short consensus repeat, scr 7 and scrs 19-20). from a repertoire of 17 borrelial strains, only two strains showed affinity to sheep fh. a ~28-kda protein of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (b. burgdor ... | 2012 | 22367885 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in synanthropic rodents in two rural communities of yucatán, méxico. | lyme disease is a multisystemic zoonotic disease caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. this spirochete circulates in an enzootic cycle between the primary vertebrate reservoir and its tick vectors. different species of rodents are known to be efficient natural reservoirs for b. burgdorferi s.l. | 2016 | 27622631 |
| course and outcome of early european lyme neuroborreliosis (bannwarth syndrome): clinical and laboratory findings. | information on the course and outcome of early european lyme neuroborreliosis is limited. | 2016 | 27161773 |
| presence of host-seeking ixodes ricinus and their infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the northern apennines, italy. | host-seeking ticks were collected in the northern apennines, italy, by dragging at 35 sites, at altitudes ranging from 680 and 1670 m above sea level (asl), from april to november, in 2010 and 2011. ixodes ricinus (4431 larvae, 597 nymphs and 12 adults) and haemaphysalis punctata (11,209 larvae, 313 nymphs, and 25 adults) were the most abundant species, followed by haemaphysalis sulcata (20 larvae, five nymphs, and 13 adults), dermacentor marginatus (42 larvae and two adults) and ixodes hexagonu ... | 2016 | 26964552 |
| an ixodes ricinus tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor protects borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from human complement. | we previously identified tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor (tslpi) in ixodes scapularis, a vector for borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) in north america. tslpi is a salivary protein facilitating b. burgdorferi s.s. transmission and acquisition by inhibiting the host lectin complement pathway through interference with mannose binding lectin (mbl) activity. since ixodes ricinus is the predominant vector for lyme borreliosis in europe and transmits several complement sensitive b. burgd ... | 2016 | 26901751 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and borrelia garinii dnas in patient with hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (flegel disease). | determination of the causative agent of erythema-like skin lesions in case of nonspecific superficial perivascular dermatitis was supported by histological examination and led to the latter diagnosis of hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (flegel disease) in patient. the presence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in patient serum was confirmed by a routine elisa method and verified by western blot technique. skin biopsy and blood specimens were analyzed by pcr and multilocus sequence a ... | 2016 | 26769152 |
| flow-tolerant adhesion of a bacterial pathogen to human endothelial cells through interaction with biglycan. | bacterial pathogens causing systemic infections disseminate from the initial infection focus to the target organs usually through the blood vasculature. to be able to colonize various organs, bacteria need to adhere to the endothelial cells of the vascular wall, and the adhesion must be strong enough to resist the shear force of the blood flow.borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes, the causative agents of the tick-borne disease lyme borreliosis, disseminate hematogenously from the tick bit ... | 2016 | 26740275 |
| structural mechanisms underlying sequence-dependent variations in gag affinities of decorin binding protein a, a borrelia burgdorferi adhesin. | decorin-binding protein a (dbpa) is an important surface adhesin of the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease. dbpa facilitates the bacteria's colonization of human tissue by adhering to glycosaminoglycan (gag), a sulfated polysaccharide. interestingly, dbpa sequence variation among different strains of borrelia spirochetes is high, resulting in significant differences in their gag affinities. however, the structural mechanisms contributing to these differences are ... | 2015 | 25695518 |
| [lyme disease]. | lyme disease (ld) is a worldwide-distributed multisystemic process caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) and transmitted by hard ticks. in fact, it is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in the northern hemisphere. in spain it is transmitted by ixodes ricinus ticks and borrelia garinii is the genoespecies of b. burgdorferi s.l. mostly involved in our area. ld is known as "the last great imitator" due to the broad clinical spectrum that may cause. except in the case of erythe ... | 2014 | 24630582 |
| are the specialized bird ticks, ixodes arboricola and i. frontalis, competent vectors for borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato? | our study tested whether two european bird-specialized ticks, ixodes arboricola and i. frontalis, can act as vectors in the transmission cycles of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. the ticks have contrasting ecologies but share songbird hosts (such as the great tit, parus major) with the generalist i. ricinus which may therefore act as a bridging vector. in the first phase of the experiment, we obtained borrelia-infected ornithophilic nymphs by exposing larvae to great tits that had previously been expo ... | 2014 | 24237635 |
| lyme disease in the united kingdom. | lyme disease, while still an uncommon disease in the uk, is on the increase. case numbers have increased by 3.6-fold since 2001, with over 950 cases reported by the health protection agency (hpa) in 2011, compared with less than 500 cases annually pre-2004. hpa indications of the true incidence are suggested to be closer to 3000 cases/year, of which around 82% of cases are indigenously acquired. three genospecies, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelli and borrelia garinii, represe ... | 2014 | 24198341 |
| lyme neuroborreliosis. | lyme neuroborreliosis (lnb) designates the nervous system disorders caused by the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi (bb). the clinical syndromes are usually distinct and are classified as early and the rare late or chronic lnb. early lnb occurs 3-6 weeks after infection most frequently as a lymphocytic meningoradiculoneuritis (lmr). symptoms are mainly due to a painful sensory radiculitis and a multifocal motor radiculo-neuritis. fifty percent have cranial nerve involvement predominantl ... | 2013 | 23931802 |
| suspected early lyme neuroborreliosis in patients with erythema migrans. | our objective was to obtain data on patients with erythema migrans (em) who have symptoms/signs suggesting nervous system involvement and to compare epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic findings in patients with and without cerebrospinal fluid (csf) pleocytosis. | 2013 | 23667259 |
| investigation of borrelia spp. in ticks (acari: ixodidae) at the border crossings between china and russia in heilongjiang province, china. | to investigate the precise species of tick vector and the borrelia spirochete pathogen at the heilongjiang province international border with russia. | 2012 | 22575978 |
| improvement of diagnostic approach to lyme neuroborreliosis in children by using recombinant antigens in detection of intrathecally produced igm/igg. | the purpose of the study was to evaluate new 3rd-generation test kits, eia borrelia recombinant igm and igg (testline, brno, czech republic), in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of children with lyme neuroborreliosis. | 2017 | 27467328 |
| differential associations of borrelia species with european badgers (meles meles) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in western poland. | european badgers and raccoon dogs and their associated ticks and lice were assayed for the presence of lyme borreliosis and relapsing fever-group spirochete dna in western poland. analyses of blood, ear-biopsy and liver samples revealed that 25% of 28 raccoon dogs and 12% of 34 badgers were pcr positive for borreliae. borrelia garinii was the dominant species in raccoon dogs (62.5%), followed by b. afzelii (25%) and b. valaisiana (12.5%). pcr-positive badgers were infected only with b. afzelii. ... | 2016 | 27263838 |
| short-term stability of borrelia garinii in cerebrospinal fluid. | the aim of our study was to find out the optimal conditions for short-term storage of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples for direct diagnosis of lyme disease. a mixture of borrelia-negative csfs spiked with a defined amount of cultured borrelia garinii was used. borrelia stability was investigated over 7 days at four different temperatures [room temperature (rt), +4, -20 and -70 °c]. quantitative changes in csf borrelia were measured by quantitative pcr (qpcr), and morphological changes in the sp ... | 2016 | 26104540 |
| comparative analysis of the roles of ixodes persulcatus and i. trianguliceps ticks in natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses in the middle urals, russia. | long-term studies on natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) have been performed in chusovskoi district of perm region, the middle urals, where the vectors of these infections are represented by two ixodid tick species: the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus and many times less abundant vole tick i. trianguliceps. over 10 years, more than 6000 half-engorged ticks were collected from small forest mammals using the standard procedure, and 1027 i. persulcatus and 1142 i. trianguliceps ticks ... | 2015 | 25843812 |
| [birds as carriers of human disease]. | birds can host a wide spectrum of pathogens. while in the air, sea or on the ground they can carry ticks on their skin and microbes in the intestines (campylobacter, salmonella) or blood (viruses, borrelia spirochetes and protozoa). the high body temperature favors the growth of borrelia garinii (causing neuroborreliosis), campylobacterjejuni and certain viruses. viral infections carried by birds include west nile-virus and japanese encephalitis, newcastle disease and flu. less studied are infec ... | 2014 | 25095476 |
| [evaluation of significance of borrelia garinii spirochete recombinant protein dbpb for serodiagnostics of ixodes tick-borne borreliosis]. | obtaining recombinant protein dbpb of west siberia borrelia garinii 20047 isolate and evaluation of its antigen activity for the possible use in serodiagnostics of ixodes tick-borne borreliosis (itb). | 2013 | 24000597 |
| astasia and pyrexia related to borrelia garinii infection in two dogs in hokkaido, japan. | two dogs that exhibited sudden astasia, anorexia and fever higher than 40°c were suspected of having lyme disease in july 2011. clinical symptoms gradually improved with antibiotic treatment in both cases. polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis revealed borrelia garinii dna fragments in the peripheral blood in the acute disease phase. serological tests, including enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis, showed an increased igg antibody titer against borrelia pathogen ... | 2013 | 23428777 |
| [successful treatment of neuroborreliosis with combined administration of antibiotics and steroids: a case report]. | a 66-year-old woman developed bilateral facial paralysis as well as sensory and motor disturbances of extremities. two months after the onset of paralysis, she also developed sensory disturbance of her trunk and vesicorectal disturbance, and her symptoms worsened gradually. because the interferon-γ level in the cerebrospinal fluid was elevated, we suspected that her symptoms were caused by polyneuropathy and myelitis associated with infection. her serum igm and igg antibodies against borrelia ga ... | 2012 | 22790802 |
| approaches for reverse line blot-based detection of microbial pathogens in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in austria and impact of the chosen method. | ticks transmit a large number of pathogens capable of causing human disease. in this study, the pcr-reverse line blot (rlb) method was used to screen for pathogens in a total of 554 ixodes ricinus ticks collected from all provinces of austria. these pathogens belong to the genera borrelia, rickettsiae, anaplasma/ehrlichia (including "candidatus neoehrlichia"), babesia, and coxiella the pathogens with the highest detected prevalence were spirochetes of the borrelia burgdorferisensu lato complex, ... | 2017 | 28455331 |
| bactericidal activity of octenidine to various genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi, sensu lato spirochetes in vitro and in vivo. | the aim of our studies was to invent a reliable method for detection of the bactericidal activity of disinfectants against borrelia burgdorferi in suspension (in vitro) and in cell line cultures (in vivo). in the suspension method, 0.01% octenidine at 20°c and 35°c was bactericidal to borrelia afzeli; borrelia garini, b. burgdorferi sensu stricto after 5 minutes treatment. increase of the temperature to 35°c speed up the bactericidal effect to 1 minute. the bactericidal action of octenidine towa ... | 2017 | 28735308 |
| t2 magnetic resonance assay-based direct detection of three lyme disease-related borrelia species in whole-blood samples. | in early lyme disease (ld), serologic testing is insensitive and seroreactivity may reflect active or past infection. in this study, we evaluated a novel assay for the direct detection of three species of borrelia spirochetes in whole blood. the t2 magnetic resonance (t2mr) assay platform was used to amplify borrelia dna released from intact spirochetes and to detect amplicon. analytical sensitivity was determined from blood spiked with known concentrations of spirochetes, and the assay's limit ... | 2017 | 28566314 |
| prevalence and distribution of borrelia and babesia species in ticks feeding on dogs in the u.k. | ticks were collected during march-july 2015 from dogs by veterinarians throughout the u.k. and used to estimate current prevalences and distributions of pathogens. dna was extracted from 4750 ticks and subjected to polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis to identify borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (spirochaetales: spirochaetaceae) and babesia (piroplasmida: babesiidae) species. of 4737 ticks [predominantly ixodes ricinus linneaus (ixodida: ixodidae)], b. burgdorferi s.l. was detected in ... | 2017 | 28846148 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes longiscutatus ticks from brazilian pampa. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex includes the agents of lyme disease/borreliosis in north america, europe, and asia, such borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, borrelia bavariensis, borrelia spielmanii, borrelia bissettiae, and borrelia mayonii. in 2013 b. burgdorferi s.l. was reported for the first time in the neotropical region, from ixodes aragaoi ticks in uruguayan pampa. in addition, from 2011 to 2016, 17 suspected human cases of borreliosis-l ... | 2017 | 28847698 |