| determination of areas with the most significant shift in persistence of pests in europe under climate change. | this study aimed to estimate the impact of climate change on the ranges of crop pest species in europe. the organisms included in the study were species from the family tortricidae (cydia pomonella, lobesia botrana) and the family pyralidae (ostrinia nubilalis), chrysomelidae beetles (leptinotarsa decemlineata, oulema melanopus) and species from the family aphididae (ropalosiphum padi, sitobion avenae). climate conditions in the year 2055 were simulated using a subset of five representative glob ... | 2014 | 23901033 |
| A physiologically based approach for degree-day calculation in pest phenology models: the case of the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) in Northern Italy. | Phenological models based on degree-day accumulation have been developed to support the integrated pest management of many insects. Most of these models are based on linear relationships between temperature and development, and on daily time step simulations using daily minimum and maximum temperatures. This approach represents an approximation that does not take into account the insect physiological response to temperature, and daily temperature fluctuations. The objective of this work has been ... | 2011 | 21725633 |
| Identification of a novel aminopeptidase P-like gene (OnAPP) possibly involved in Bt toxicity and resistance in a major corn pest (Ostrinia nubilalis). | Studies to understand the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) resistance mechanism in European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis) suggest that resistance may be due to changes in the midgut-specific Bt toxin receptor. In this study, we identified 10 aminopeptidase-like genes, which have previously been identified as putative Bt toxin receptors in other insects and examined their expression in relation to Cry1Ab toxicity and resistance. Expression analysis for the 10 aminopeptidase-like genes revealed ... | 2011 | 21887358 |
| cross-pollination of nontransgenic corn ears with transgenic bt corn: efficacy against lepidopteran pests and implications for resistance management. | the efficacy of nontransgenic sweet corn, zea mays l., hybrids cross-pollinated by bacillus thuringiensis (bt) sweet corn hybrids expressing cry1ab toxin was evaluated in both field and laboratory studies in minnesota in 2000. non-bt and bt hybrids (maternal plants) were cross-pollinated with pollen from both non-bt and bt hybrids (paternal plants) to create four crosses. subsequent crosses were evaluated for efficacy in the field against european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner), and cor ... | 2011 | 22066174 |
| [incidence of microsporidian infection of stem borers of the genus ostrinia (lepidoptera: crambidae) in the krasnodar territory]. | infection of corn borers of the genus ostrinia with microsporidia is found for the first time in russia. incidence rates of the last instar larvae of the second generation, sampled under natural conditions in the krasnodar territory, is ranged between 3.0 and 17.2%. when infection incidence rates have been compared between larvae, collected (a) on the western and eastern borders of the region and (b) on dicotyledonous (cocklebur, mugwort) and monocotyledonous plants (maize), no distinct differen ... | 2011 | 21874854 |
| the influence of local factors on the prediction of fumonisin contamination in maize. | background: contamination by mycotoxins is a major concern to the maize industry in north-east italy where maize grain is often spoiled by fusarium spp. in this work, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone were determined and an artificial neural network (ann) model suitable for predicting mycotoxin contamination of maize at harvest time was developed. results: the occurrence of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone was very limited, while fumonisins concentration ranged from 163 and to 3663 µg kg( ... | 2012 | 22228027 |
| insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis cry1bh1 against ostrinia nubilalis (hubner) (lepidoptera: crambidae) and other lepidopteran pests. | bacillus thuringiensis is an important source of insect resistance traits in commercial crops. in an effort to prolong b. thuringiensis trait durability, insect resistance management programs often include combinations of insecticidal proteins that are not cross resistant or have demonstrable differences in their site of action as a means to mitigate the development of resistant insect populations. in this report, we describe the activity spectrum of a novel b. thuringiensis cry protein, cry1bh1 ... | 2013 | 24077715 |
| effects of feeding transgenic corn with mcry1ac or maroacc gene to laying hens for 12 weeks on growth, egg quality and organ health. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of feeding two transgenic corn lines containing the mcry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis strain (bt-799) and the maroacc gene from agrobacterium tumefaciens strain (cc-2), respectively, on growth, egg quality and organ health indicators. expression of the mcry1ac gene confers resistance to pyrausta nubilalis and the maroacc gene confers tolerance to herbicides. healthy hens (n=96 placed in cages; 3 hens/cage) were randomly assi ... | 2016 | 26915544 |
| susceptibility and aversion of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to cry1f bt maize and considerations for insect resistance management. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) maize was developed primarily for north american pests such as european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis (hübner)). however, most bt maize products are also cultivated outside of north america, where the primary pests may be different and may have lower susceptibility to bt toxins. fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda je smith) is an important pest and primary target of bt maize in central and south america. s. frugiperda susceptibility to cry1f (expressed in event tc15 ... | 2014 | 24665722 |
| comparative binding of cry1ab and cry1f bacillus thuringiensis toxins to brush border membrane proteins from ostrinia nubilalis, ostrinia furnacalis and diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) midgut tissue. | the european (ostrinia nubilalis hübner) and asian corn borers (ostrinia furnacalis guenée) are closely related and display similar sensitivity to cry1 toxins. in this study, we compared the binding patterns of cry1ab and cry1f toxins between both ostrinia spp., as well as the expression of putative cadherin- and aminopeptidase-n (apn)-like protein receptors. additionally, cdna sequences of these putative toxin receptors from both ostrinia species were compared. ligand blots for both species ind ... | 2013 | 23999243 |
| shared midgut binding sites for cry1a.105, cry1aa, cry1ab, cry1ac and cry1fa proteins from bacillus thuringiensis in two important corn pests, ostrinia nubilalis and spodoptera frugiperda. | first generation of insect-protected transgenic corn (bt-corn) was based on the expression of cry1ab or cry1fa proteins. currently, the trend is the combination of two or more genes expressing proteins that bind to different targets. in addition to broadening the spectrum of action, this strategy helps to delay the evolution of resistance in exposed insect populations. one of such examples is the combination of cry1a.105 with cry1fa and cry2ab to control o. nubilalis and s. frugiperda. cry1a.105 ... | 2013 | 23861865 |
| quantitative genetic analysis of cry1ab tolerance in ostrinia nubilalis spanish populations. | tolerance to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab toxin in spanish ostrinia nubilalis populations was analyzed by quantitative genetic techniques, using isolines established from field-derived insects. f1 offspring was tested for susceptibility to trypsin activated cry1ab using a concentration that caused a mean larval mortality of 87% (±17% sd). the progeny of the most tolerant isolines (that had shown mortalities lower than 60%) was crossed to obtain the f2 generation that was exposed to the same cry ... | 2013 | 23612057 |
| dispersal behavior of neonate european corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) on bt corn. | european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) (lepidoptera: crambidae), has historically been a significant economically important insect pest of corn (zea mays l.) in the united states and canada. the development in the 1990s of genetically modified corn expressing genes derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) that encodes insecticidal crystalline (cry) proteins has proven to be effective in controlling this insect as well as other corn pests. the purpose of this study was to assess the mov ... | 2012 | 22928300 |
| understanding successful resistance management: the european corn borer and bt corn in the united states. | the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis hübner (lepidoptera: crambidae) has been a major pest of corn and other crops in north america since its accidental introduction nearly a hundred years ago. wide adoption of transgenic corn hybrids that express toxins from bacillus thuringiensis, referred to as bt corn, has suppressed corn borer populations and reduced the pest status of this insect in parts of the corn belt. continued suppression of this pest, however, will depend on managing potentia ... | 2014 | 22688691 |
| specific binding of radiolabeled cry1fa insecticidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis to midgut sites in lepidopteran species. | cry1fa insecticidal protein was successfully radiolabeled with (125)i-na. specific binding to brush border membrane vesicles was shown for the lepidopteran species ostrinia nubilalis, spodoptera frugiperda, spodoptera exigua, helicoverpa armigera, heliothis virescens, and plutella xylostella. homologous competition assays were performed to obtain equilibrium binding parameters (k(d) [dissociation constant] and r(t) [concentration of binding sites]) for these six insect species. | 2012 | 22447600 |
| role of the european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) on contamination of maize with 13 fusarium mycotoxins. | the european corn borer (ecb) plays an important role in promoting fusarium verticillioides infections and in the consequent fumonisin contamination in maize grain in temperate areas. the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the ecb feeding activity could also affect the occurrence of emerging mycotoxins in maize kernels. during the 2008-10 period, natural infestation of the insect was compared, in field research, with the protection of infestation, which was obtained by using an ento ... | 2015 | 25266165 |
| relationships of helicoverpa armigera, ostrinia nubilalis and fusarium verticillioides on mon 810 maize. | mon 810 maize was developed against ostrinia nubilalis and is suggested to indirectly decrease fusarium spp. infestation in maize ears. to evaluate this effect, co-occurrence of insect and fungal pests on mon 810 maize was studied. during 2009, exceptionally high maize ear infestation occurred in julianna-major (hungary). from investigation of some thousands of maize ears, the majority of the larval damage originated from helicoverpa armigera larvae, while o. nubilalis larvae contributed signifi ... | 2011 | 26467495 |
| redefinition of nosema pyrausta (perezia pyraustae paillot 1927) basing upon ultrastructural and molecular phylogenetic studies. | populations of european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis hübner) from krasnodar territory (southwestern russia) become regularly infected with nosema-like microsporidia. to identify the parasite, it was subjected to electron microscopy and small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene sequencing. the spore ultrastructure of the parasite was highly similar to nosema bombycis from china and nosema pyrausta from the usa. the nucleotide sequence of ssu rrna gene was identical to a microsporidium isolate ... | 2015 | 25563606 |
| putting the brakes on a cycle: bottom-up effects damp cycle amplitude. | pest population density oscillations have a profound effect on agroecosystem functioning, particularly when pests cycle with epidemic persistence. here, we ask whether landscape-level manipulations can be used to restrict the cycle amplitude of the european corn borer moth [ostrinia nubilalis (hübner)], an economically important maize pest. we analysed time series from minnesota (1963-2009) and wisconsin (1964-2009) to quantify the extent of regime change in the us corn belt where rates of trans ... | 2012 | 22364256 |
| biological activities oftrewia nudiflora extracts against certain economically important insect pests. | an ethanol extract oftrewia nudiflora (euphorbiaceae) seed was tested as an agent for controlling several economically important insects. results suggest that this plant extract acts as an antifeedant for the spotted cucumber beetle (diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi barber) and the european corn borer [ostrinia nubilalis (hübner)] but not for the other insects tested. also indicated were morphogenic effects on the codlingmoth [laspeyresia pomonella (l.)], disruption of the normal life cycle of ... | 1982 | 24414952 |
| high regional genetic diversity and lack of host-specificity in ostrinia nubilalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) as revealed by mtdna variation. | the european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) infests a wide array of host plants and is considered one of the most serious pests of maize in europe. recent studies suggest that individuals feeding on maize in europe should be referred to o. nubilalis (sensu nov.), while those infesting dicots as ostrinia scapulalis (sensu nov.). we test if the clear genetic distinctiveness among individuals of o. nubilalis living on maize vs. dicots is tracked by mitochondrial dna (mtdna). we used fragments of c ... | 2016 | 27019346 |
| a fish-based chromosome map for the european corn borer yields insights into ancient chromosomal fusions in the silkworm. | a significant feature of the genomes of lepidoptera, butterflies and moths, is the high conservation of chromosome organization. recent remarkable progress in genome sequencing of lepidoptera has revealed that syntenic gene order is extensively conserved across phylogenetically distant species. the ancestral karyotype of lepidoptera is thought to be n=31; however, that of the most well-studied moth, bombyx mori, is n=28, and diverse studies suggest that three chromosomal fusion events occurred i ... | 2016 | 26264548 |
| horizontal transfer of a non-autonomous helitron among insect and viral genomes. | the movement of mobile elements among species by horizontal transposon transfer (htt) influences the evolution of genomes through the modification of structure and function. helitrons are a relatively new lineage of dna-based (class ii) transposable elements (tes) that propagate by rolling-circle replication, and are capable of acquiring host dna. the rapid spread of helitrons among animal lineages by htt is facilitated by shuttling in viral particles or by unknown mechanisms mediated by close o ... | 2015 | 25766741 |
| identification and characterization of two sensory neuron membrane proteins from cnaphalocrocis medinalis (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | sensory neuron membrane proteins (snmps), which are located on the dendritic membrane of olfactory neurons, were considered as important components involved in pheromone reception in insects. in drosophila melanogaster, mutants without snmp are unable to evoke neuronal activities in the presence of pheromone cis-vaccenyl acetate (cva). so deeply understanding the snmps functions may help to develop pheromone-mediated insect pest management tactics. the present study reports the identification an ... | 2013 | 23027616 |
| synthesis and antiviral, insecticidal, and fungicidal activities of gossypol derivatives containing alkylimine, oxime or hydrazine moiety. | gossypol is a part of the cotton plant's defense system against pathogens and herbivorous insects. to discover gossypol analogs with broad spectrum and high activity, a series of gossypol alkylamine schiff base, oxime and hydrazone derivatives were synthesised and bioassayed. the biological results indicated that most of these derivatives exhibited higher anti-tmv activity than gossypol. interestingly, the activities of compounds 10, 15, 18, 20, 23 and 26 were much higher than that of ribavirin. ... | 2016 | 26337022 |
| semiautomated identification of european corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | the european corn borer ostrinia nubilalis (hübner, 1796) is a serious and widely studied pest of corn. the most common method of its control is by means of insecticides. however, biological control is becoming more and more popular. the hymenopteran parasitoid trichogramma sp. is the most promising and effective one among the biological agents and is now widely used in north america and europe. its application should occur at the time when the european corn borer is at the beginning of the eggs ... | 2016 | 26487742 |