| genomic and cytogenetic localization of the carotenoid genes in the aphid genome. | data published in the scientific literature suggests a possible link between chromosomal rearrangements involving autosomes 1 and 3 and the presence of red morphs in the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer). in order to begin a study of this relationship, we analysed the genomic and chromosomal location of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in m. persicae and the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum (harris), since carotenoids are the basis of the colour in many aphid species. genomic ana ... | 2016 | 27585067 |
| glucosinolates from host plants influence growth of the parasitic plant cuscuta gronovii and its susceptibility to aphid feeding. | parasitic plants acquire diverse secondary metabolites from their hosts, including defense compounds that target insect herbivores. however, the ecological implications of this phenomenon, including the potential enhancement of parasite defenses, remain largely unexplored. we studied the translocation of glucosinolates from the brassicaceous host plant arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) into parasitic dodder vines (convolvulaceae; cuscuta gronovii) and its effects on the parasite itself and on d ... | 2016 | 27482077 |
| evolutionary conservation of candidate osmoregulation genes in plant phloem sap-feeding insects. | the high osmotic pressure generated by sugars in plant phloem sap is reduced in phloem-feeding aphids by sugar transformations and facilitated water flux in the gut. the genes mediating these osmoregulatory functions have been identified and validated empirically in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum: sucrase 1 (suc1), a sucrase in glycoside hydrolase family 13 (gh13), and aquaporin 1 (aqp1), a member of the drosophila integral protein (drip) family of aquaporins. here, we describe molecular anal ... | 2016 | 26896054 |
| circulative nonpropagative aphid transmission of nanoviruses: an oversimplified view. | plant virus species of the family nanoviridae have segmented genomes with the highest known number of segments encapsidated individually. they thus likely represent the most extreme case of the so-called multipartite, or multicomponent, viruses. all species of the family are believed to be transmitted in a circulative nonpropagative manner by aphid vectors, meaning that the virus simply crosses cellular barriers within the aphid body, from the gut to the salivary glands, without replicating or e ... | 2015 | 26178991 |
| rna interference against gut osmoregulatory genes in phloem-feeding insects. | in planta rnai (i.e. plants engineered to synthesize active rnai molecules) has great potential as a strategy to control insect crop pests. this study investigated the impact of rnai against osmoregulatory genes expressed in the gut of two phloem-feeding species, the green peach aphid myzus persicae and the potato/tomato psyllid bactericera cockerelli. the target genes comprising candidate gut sucrase, aquaporin and sugar transporter genes were identified by mining insect genomic and transcripto ... | 2015 | 26071792 |
| molecular features and toxicological properties of four common pesticides, acetamiprid, deltamethrin, chlorpyriphos and fipronil. | structural features and selected physicochemical properties of four common pesticides: acetamiprid (neonicotinoid), chlorpyriphos (organophosphate insecticide), deltamethrin (pyrethroid) and fipronil (phenylpyrazole) have been investigated by density functional theory quantum chemical calculations. the high flexible character of these insecticides is revealed by the numerous conformers obtained, located within a 20kjmol(-1) range in the gas phase. in line with this trend, a redistribution of the ... | 2015 | 25716006 |
| faba bean forisomes can function in defence against generalist aphids. | phloem sieve elements have shut-off mechanisms that prevent loss of nutrient-rich phloem sap when the phloem is damaged. some phloem proteins such as the proteins that form forisomes in legume sieve elements are one such mechanism and in response to damage, they instantly form occlusions that stop the flow of sap. it has long been hypothesized that one function of phloem proteins is defence against phloem sap-feeding insects such as aphids. this study provides the first experimental evidence tha ... | 2015 | 25311512 |
| orysata, a jacalin-related lectin from rice, could protect plants against biting-chewing and piercing-sucking insects. | the present study reports the insecticidal activity of orysata, a lectin from rice with mannose specificity, belonging to the family of jacalin-related lectins. the effect of orysata was investigated against three important pest insects in agriculture: the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua hübner (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and two aphid pests: green peach aphid myzus persicae sulzer and pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum (hemiptera: aphidoidea). bioassays with s. exigua and m. persicae were performed us ... | 2014 | 24656332 |
| the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase brassinosteroid insensitive1-associated kinase1 and the cytochrome p450 phytoalexin deficient3 contribute to innate immunity to aphids in arabidopsis. | the importance of pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (pti) against microbial pathogens has been recently demonstrated. however, it is currently unclear if this layer of immunity mediated by surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (prrs) also plays a role in basal resistance to insects, such as aphids. here, we show that pti is an important component of plant innate immunity to insects. extract of the green peach aphid (gpa; myzus persicae) triggers responses charact ... | 2014 | 24586042 |
| comparative analyses of salivary proteins from three aphid species. | saliva is a critical biochemical interface between aphids and their host plants; however, the biochemical nature and physiological functions of aphid saliva proteins are not fully elucidated. in this study we used a multidisciplinary proteomics approach combining liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis/matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry to compare the salivary proteins ... | 2014 | 24382153 |
| toxin delivery by the coat protein of an aphid-vectored plant virus provides plant resistance to aphids. | the sap-sucking insects (order hemiptera), including aphids, planthoppers, whiteflies and stink bugs, present one of the greatest challenges for pest management in global agriculture. insect neurotoxins offer an alternative to chemical insecticides for controlling these pests, but require delivery into the insect hemocoel. here we use the coat protein of a luteovirus, an aphid-vectored plant virus, to deliver a spider-derived, insect-specific toxin that acts within the hemocoel. the luteovirid c ... | 2014 | 24316580 |
| characterization of non-ltr retrotransposable tras elements in the aphids acyrthosiphon pisum and myzus persicae (aphididae, hemiptera). | a non-ltr tras retrotransposon (identified as trasap1) has been amplified in the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum and its presence has been assessed also in the peach potato aphid myzus persicae. this tras element possesses 2 overlapping orfs (a gag-orf1 and a pol-orf2 containing the reverse transcriptase and the endonuclease domains) that show a similarity ranging from 40% to 48% to proteins coded by other tras elements identified in insects (including the beetle tribolium castaneum and the moth b ... | 2013 | 23530141 |
| aphid protein effectors promote aphid colonization in a plant species-specific manner. | microbial pathogens and pests produce effectors to modulate host processes. aphids are phloem-feeding insects, which introduce effectors via saliva into plant cells. however, it is not known if aphid effectors have adapted to modulate processes in specific plant species. myzus persicae is a polyphagous insect that colonizes arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana benthamiana, while the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum specializes on colonizing plant species of the family fabaceae. we found that m. persi ... | 2013 | 23035913 |
| silencing of aphid genes by dsrna feeding from plants. | rna interference (rnai) is a valuable reverse genetics tool to study gene function in various organisms, including hemipteran insects such as aphids. previous work has shown that rnai-mediated knockdown of pea aphid (acyrthosiphon pisum) genes can be achieved through direct injection of double-stranded rna (dsrna) or small-interfering rnas (sirna) into the pea aphid hemolymph or by feeding these insects on artificial diets containing the small rnas. | 2011 | 21998682 |
| a barley cysteine-proteinase inhibitor reduces the performance of two aphid species in artificial diets and transgenic arabidopsis plants. | cystatins from plants have been implicated in plant defense towards insects, based on their role as inhibitors of heterologous cysteine-proteinases. we have previously characterized thirteen genes encoding cystatins (hvcpi-1 to hvcpi-13) from barley (hordeum vulgare), but only hvcpi-1 c68 → g, a variant generated by direct-mutagenesis, has been tested against insects. the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the whole gene family members of barley cystatins against two aphids, myzus p ... | 2011 | 20567901 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a prenyltransferase from the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. | prenyltransferases play a key role in isoprenoid biosynthesis. here, a cdna encoding a prenyltransferase was isolated from the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, which consists of 1354 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 394 amino acids (agipps). subsequent sequencing of agipps genomic dna resulted in one 3138-bp sequence. southern blotting analysis indicated that only a single ipps gene exists in the cotton aphid. real-time quantitative pcr showed that agipps transcripts were mainly present at the ... | 2010 | 20510361 |
| comparative analysis of detoxification enzymes in acyrthosiphon pisum and myzus persicae. | herbivorous insects use detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome p450 monooxygenases, glutathione s-transferases, and carboxy/cholinesterases, to metabolize otherwise deleterious plant secondary metabolites. whereas acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) feeds almost exclusively from the fabaceae, myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeds from hundreds of species in more than forty plant families. therefore, m. persicae as a species would be exposed to a greater diversity of plant secondary metaboli ... | 2010 | 20482647 |
| identification of aphid salivary proteins: a proteomic investigation of myzus persicae. | the role of insect saliva in the first contact between an insect and a plant is crucial during feeding. some elicitors, particularly in insect regurgitants, have been identified as inducing plant defence reactions. here, we focused on the salivary proteome of the green peach aphid, myzus persicae. proteins were either directly in-solution digested or were separated by 2d sds-page before trypsin digestion. resulting peptides were then identified by mass spectrometry coupled with database investig ... | 2008 | 18353105 |
| cross-species transferability of microsatellite markers from six aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) species and their use for evaluating biotypic diversity in two cereal aphids. | the abundance and distribution of microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (ssrs) were explored in the expressed sequence tag (est) and genomic sequences of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum (harris), and the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer). a total of 108 newly developed, together with 40 published, ssr markers were investigated for their cross-species transferability among six aphid species. genetic diversity among six greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani) and two russian whea ... | 2007 | 17714463 |
| olfactory responses to aphid and host plant volatile releases: (e)-beta-farnesene an effective kairomone for the predator adalia bipunctata. | the volatiles released from several aphid and host plant species, alone or associated, were studied for their infochemical role in prey location. using a four-arm olfactometer, the attraction of several combinations of three aphid (myzus persicae, acyrthosiphon pisum, and brevicoryne brassicae) and three plant (vicia faba, brassica napus, and sinapis alba) species toward adalia bipunctata larvae and adults was observed. both predatory larvae and adults were attracted only by a. pisum and m. pers ... | 2004 | 15260221 |
| salivary proteins of aphids, a pilot study on identification, separation and immunolocalisation. | salivary proteins (sps) of schizaphis graminum, acyrthosiphon pisum and myzus persicae were studied after probing and feeding on different artificial diets. salivary sheaths as well as apical lumps of saliva were found, presumably representing subsequently excreted saliva of different types. phenoloxidase, pectinase and peroxidase activities were detected by staining the enzyme-converted products, thus confirming these enzyme activities found earlier by others. proteinase and cellulase were not ... | 2000 | 10818245 |
| ribosomal dna is frequently concentrated on only one x chromosome in permanently apomictic aphids, but this does not inhibit male determination. | the ribosomal dna arrays in the nucleolar organizer regions (nors) of aphids are generally-located in a telomeric or subtelomeric position on the x chromosomes. in aphid populations or species that have lost the sexual part of their life cycle and become permanent apomicts, multiple rdna copies are often concentrated on only one of the original x chromosomes. this situation has been found in apomictic members of three aphid subfamilies, although not as yet in the tribe aphidini, which includes s ... | 1996 | 8817074 |
| differential inhibition by castanospermine of various insect disaccharidases. | the indolizidine alkaloid, castanospermine (1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-octahydroindolizidine-a stereochemical mimic of glucose found in the australian legumecastanospermum australe), differentially inhibited cellobiose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, and trehalose hydrolyzing enzymes from a broad taxonomic spectrum of insects (19 species from 12 different families). it was a potent inhibitor of cellobiase activity of all insects tested (50% inhibition at <3.2 × 10(-5) m castanospermine). with one exceptio ... | 1987 | 24302343 |
| [effect of sinigrin on sucrose uptake by some polyphagous and oligophagous aphids (aphididae)]. | the effect of 0.1% sinigrin on sucrose uptake (20% aqueous solution) by some polyphagous and oligophagous aphid species was tested using the tracer method. in the presence of sinigrin the sucrose ingestion of brevicoryne brassicae, myzus persicae and megoura viciae was promoted. with rhopalosiphum padi there was a strong, and with aphis fabae and acyrthosiphon pisum only a slight inhibition of sucrose uptake. aulacorthum circumflexum reacted positively in some experiments, but negatively in othe ... | 1972 | 28313041 |
| cyanide in the chemical arsenal of garlic mustard, alliaria petiolata. | cyanide production has been reported from over 2500 plant species, including some members of the brassicaceae. we report that the important invasive plant, alliaria petiolata, produces levels of cyanide in its tissues that can reach 100 ppm fresh weight (fw), a level considered toxic to many vertebrates. in a comparative study, levels of cyanide in leaves of young first-year plants were 25 times higher than in leaves of young arabidopsis thaliana plants and over 150 times higher than in leaves o ... | 2007 | 17146719 |
| synthesis and antifeedant activity of racemic and optically active hydroxy lactones with the p-menthane system. | two racemic and two enantiomeric pairs of new δ-hydroxy-γ-lactones based on the p-menthane system were prepared from racemic and optically active cis- and trans-piperitols. the johnson-claisen rearrangement of the piperitols, epoxidation of the γδ-unsaturated esters, and acidic lactonization of the epoxy esters were described. the structures of the compounds were confirmed spectroscopically. the antifeedant activities of the hydroxy lactones and racemic piperitone were evaluated against three in ... | 2015 | 26132506 |
| how active ingredient localisation in plant tissues determines the targeted pest spectrum of different chemistries. | the efficacies of four commercial insecticides and of two research compounds were tested against aphids (aphis craccivora and myzus persicae), whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) and red-spotted spider mites (tetranychus urticae) in intrinsic (oral administration), curative (direct contact spray) and translaminar (arthropods infested on untreated leaf underside) assays. with a new translaminar model, the transport across the leaf cuticle and tissues and the electrochemical distribution of test compounds ... | 2016 | 26112169 |
| comparative analysis of neonicotinoid binding to insect membranes: ii. an unusual high affinity site for [3h]thiamethoxam in myzus persicae and aphis craccivora. | neonicotinoids represent a class of insect-selective ligands of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. imidacloprid, the first commercially used neonicotinoid insecticide, has been studied on neuronal preparations from many insects to date. here we report first intrinsic binding data of thiamethoxam, using membranes from myzus persicae sulzer and aphis craccivora koch. in both aphids, specific binding of [3h]thiamethoxam was sensitive to temperature, while the absolute level of non-specific binding ... | 2004 | 15481822 |
| comparative analysis of neonicotinoid binding to insect membranes: i. a structure-activity study of the mode of [3h]imidacloprid displacement in myzus persicae and aphis craccivora. | neonicotinoids bind selectively to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with nanomolar affinity to act as potent insecticides. while the members of the neonicotinoid class have many structural features in common, it is not known whether they also share the same mode of binding to the target receptor. previous competition studies with [3h]imidacloprid, the first commercialised neonicotinoid, indicated that thiamethoxam, representing a novel structural sub-class, may bind in a different way fr ... | 2004 | 15481821 |
| insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: conserved neonicotinoid specificity of [(3)h]imidacloprid binding site. | the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) is a major target for insecticide action. the rapidly expanding use of neonicotinoid insecticides of varied structures makes it increasingly important to define similarities and differences in their action, particularly for the first-generation chloropyridinyl compounds versus the second-generation chlorothiazolyl derivatives. we have shown with musca domestica that a convenient and relevant determination of the neonicotinoid insecticide target ... | 2000 | 10936213 |
| characterization of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from the insects aphis craccivora, myzus persicae, and locusta migratoria by radioligand binding assays: relation to thiamethoxam action. | thiamethoxam, a new neonicotinoid insecticide acting at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, was characterized in competition binding assays with [3-h]-imidacloprid, a specific nicotinic ligand, using membranes from the aphids aphis craccivora and myzus persicae, and from the locust locusta migratoria. in all insects, scatchard analysis suggested two binding sites for imidacloprid with kd values in the range of 1 nm and 10 nm, respectively. the hill values were significantly below 1 (range of 0.63 ... | 2000 | 10789501 |
| long-term phenological trends, species accumulation rates, aphid traits and climate: five decades of change in migrating aphids. | aphids represent a significant challenge to food production. the rothamsted insect survey (ris) runs a network of 12·2-m suction-traps throughout the year to collect migrating aphids. in 2014, the ris celebrated its 50th anniversary. this paper marks that achievement with an extensive spatiotemporal analysis and the provision of the first british annotated checklist of aphids since 1964. our main aim was to elucidate mechanisms that advance aphid phenology under climate change and explain these ... | 2015 | 25123260 |
| aphids (hemiptera, aphididae) on ornamental plants in greenhouses in bulgaria. | investigations on the species composition and host range of aphids on ornamental greenhouse plants in bulgaria was conducted over a period of five years, from 2008 to 2012. twenty greenhouses, growing ornamentals for landscaping, plant collections and other purposes were observed. they were located in the regions of sofia, plovdiv, smolyan, pavlikeni, varna and burgas. the total number of collected aphid samples was 279. their composition included 33 aphid species and one subspecies from 13 gene ... | 2013 | 24039530 |
| colonization of the biomass energy crop miscanthus by the three aphid species, aphis fabae, myzus persicae, and rhopalosiphum padi. | miscanthus is a perennial c4-grass that has received much interest as a potential of impact on the local agroecosytem. in this context, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the potential colonization of this new exotic plant species by three of the main aphid pest species of common crops in picardie, northern france. in host preference experiments, the two polyphagous aphid species studied, aphis fabae (scop) and myzus persicae (sulzer), exhibited an xclusive preference for their ... | 2013 | 23786055 |
| [toxicity of vitex negundo extract to aphids and its co-toxicity with imidacloprid]. | in this paper, the toxicity of vitex negundo seed dichloromethane extract, imidacloprid, and omethoate to aphis citricola, aphis gossypii, and myzus persicae was determined by impregnation method, and the co-toxicity of the seed extract and imidacloprid to a. gossypii as well as the repellent effect of the extract and test insecticides to m. persicae were tested by topical application of capillary tube and by selection in culture dish, respectively. the results showed that the lc50 of v. negundo ... | 2009 | 19637611 |
| characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus transmission to sugar beets by aphis fabae. | abstract laboratory studies were conducted on the characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus (byv) transmission to sugar beets by the bean aphid, aphis fabae. the relative transmission efficiency and the retention, acquisition, and inoculation thresholds were evaluated using clonal aphid colonies. transmission efficiency was studied between different apterous aphid species (a. fabae and myzus persicae ), between alate and apterous morphs of a. fabae and m. persicae, and among five clonal aphi ... | 1997 | 18945100 |
| synthesis and biological activity of pyridazine amides, hydrazones and hydrazides. | optimization studies on compounds initially designed to be herbicides led to the discovery of a series of [6-(3-pyridyl)pyridazin-3-yl]amides exhibiting aphicidal properties. systematic modifications of the amide moiety as well as the pyridine and pyridazine rings were carried out to determine if these changes could improve insecticidal potency. | 2017 | 27766752 |
| synthesis and biological activity of a new class of insecticides: the n-(5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)amides. | optimization studies on a high-throughput screening (hts) hit led to the discovery of a series of n-(6-arylpyridazin-3-yl)amides with insecticidal activity. it was hypothesized that the isosteric replacement of the pyridazine ring with a 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring could lead to more potent biological activity and/or a broader sap-feeding pest spectrum. the resulting n-(5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)amides were explored as a new class of insecticides. | 2017 | 27414747 |
| studies toward understanding the sar around the sulfoximine moiety of the sap-feeding insecticide sulfoxaflor. | the discovery of sulfoxaflor (isoclast™ active) stemmed from a novel scaffold-based approach toward identifying bioactive molecules. it exhibits broad-spectrum control of many sap-feeding insect pests, including aphids, whiteflies, hoppers and lygus. systematic modifications of the substituents flanking each side of the sulfoximine moiety were carried out to determine whether these changes would improve potency. | 2017 | 27367042 |
| effects of spirotetramat treatments on fecundity and carboxylesterase expression of aphis gossypii glover. | spirotetramat is a novel tetramic acid-based insecticide, belonging to keto-enol pesticide family, with a novel mode of action; it interferes with lipid biosynthesis. its insecticide activity against various agricultural pest insects have been demonstrated (e.g. on myzus persicae, bemisia tabaci and tetranychus urticae). however, information available is currently limited on the efficacy of spirotetramat on the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, a key cotton pest worldwide. we assessed the spirotetra ... | 2016 | 26898726 |
| an attractant of the aphidophagous gall midge aphidoletes aphidimyza from honeydew of aphis gossypii. | many natural enemies of insects use honeydew as a volatile cue to locate hosts or prey, as an oviposition stimulant, and as an arrestant for foraging. the aphidophagous gall midge aphidoletes aphidimyza (rondani) (diptera: cecidomyiidae) has predacious larval stages and can be used to control aphid populations, especially in greenhouses. previous studies have shown that the honeydew, excreted by the aphid myzus persicae, attracts a. aphidimyza, but the crucial attractants have not been identifie ... | 2016 | 26757909 |
| inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by n-deoxynojirimycin analogs in several insect phloem sap feeders. | secondary metabolites and synthetic iminosugars that structurally resemble monosaccharides are potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity. the enzyme is core in cleaving sucrose in phloem feeding insects and it also plays a crucial role of reducing osmotic stress via the formation of oligosaccharides. inhibition of hydrolysis by iminosugars should result in nutritional deficiencies and/or disruption of normal osmoregulation. deoxynojirimycin (dnj) and 2 n-alkylated analogs [n-butyl dnj (nb-dnj) ... | 2016 | 25900765 |
| pathogenicity of conidia-based preparations of entomopathogenic fungi against the greenhouse pest aphids myzus persicae, aphis gossypii, and aulacorthum solani (hemiptera: aphididae). | seeking new isolates of entomopathogenic fungi with greater virulence against greenhouse aphid pests than those currently registered in north america for control of these insects, single-dose screening assays of 44 selected fungal isolates and 4 commercially available strains were conducted against first-instar nymphs of myzus persicae and aphis gossypii. the assays identified a number of beauveria and metarhizium isolates with virulence equal to or greater than that of the commercial strains ag ... | 2014 | 24583227 |
| identification of two acetylcholinesterases in pardosa pseudoannulata and the sensitivity to insecticides. | pardosa pseudoannulata is an important predatory enemy against insect pests, such as rice planthoppers and leafhoppers. in order to understand the insecticide selectivity between p. pseudoannulata and insect pests, two acetylcholinesterase genes, pp-ace1 and pp-ace2, were cloned from this natural enemy. the putative proteins encoded by pp-ace1 and pp-ace2 showed high similarities to insect ache1 (63% to liposcelis entomophila ache1) and ache2 (36% to culex quinquefasciatus ache2) with specific f ... | 2014 | 24463359 |
| synergistic manipulations of plant and insect defences. | it has been demonstrated previously that cis-jasmone acts as an elicitor of plant defence mechanism(s) by inducing secondary metabolism. it has also been demonstrated that temporal synergism can result in hypersensitive insect pests due to the inhibition of metabolic enzymes. | 2014 | 23653417 |
| susceptibility of standard clones and european field populations of the green peach aphid, myzus persicae, and the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae), to the novel anthranilic diamide insecticide cyantraniliprole. | parthenogenetic clones of the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were tested with the anthranilic diamide insecticide cyantraniliprole (i.e. dupont(™) cyazypyr(™) ) in systemic-uptake bioassays to investigate potential for cross-resistance conferred by mechanisms of insecticide resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids and, in the case of m. persicae, reduced sensitivity to neonicotinoids. these data were compared with the re ... | 2012 | 22045565 |
| population growth of aphis gossypii and myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) in the presence of linepithema humile and tapinoma sessile (hymenoptera: formicidae). | invasive ant species can have dramatic impacts on native ants, through direct predation and by usurping common resources. most invasive ants and many native ants use honeydew, produced by phloem-sucking hemipterans. because colonies of invasive ants can become very large after establishment, these ants may facilitate greater hemipteran trophobiont population growth compared with their sympatric native ant counterparts. we examined the population growth of an aphid mutualist, aphis gossypii, and ... | 2010 | 22546444 |
| hypersensitive response to aphis gossypii glover in melon genotypes carrying the vat gene. | aphis gossypii glover causes direct and indirect damage to cucumis melo l. crops. to decrease the harmful effects of this pest, one of the most economically and environmentally acceptable options is to use genetically resistant melon varieties. to date, several sources of resistance carrying the vat gene are used in melon breeding programmes that aim to prevent a. gossypii colonization and the subsequent aphid virus transmission. the results suggest that the resistance conferred by this gene is ... | 2009 | 19474089 |
| temporal synergism can enhance carbamate and neonicotinoid insecticidal activity against resistant crop pests. | piperonyl butoxide (pbo) effectively synergises synthetic pyrethroids, rendering even very resistant insect pests susceptible, provided a temporal element is included between exposure to synergist and insecticide. this concept is now applied to carbamates and neonicotinoids. | 2008 | 17926308 |
| temporal synergism by microencapsulation of piperonyl butoxide and alpha-cypermethrin overcomes insecticide resistance in crop pests. | a microencapsulated formulation that gives a burst release of piperonyl butoxide (pbo) several hours before a burst release of a conventional pyrethroid can effectively overcome metabolic resistance in bemisia tabaci gennadius, helicoverpa armigera (hübner), aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae sulzer. this increase in efficacy against resistant pests was reflected in a field trial against b. tabaci on cotton, eliminating the need for two treatments. the ratio between the active insecticide ... | 2007 | 17304634 |
| biochemical evidence that an s431f mutation in acetylcholinesterase-1 of aphis gossypii mediates resistance to pirimicarb and omethoate. | molecular changes in acetylcholinesterase (ache) leading to target-site resistance to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides have recently been identified. of particular interest is the s431f mutation in ace2 and its orthologue ace1 of myzus persicae sulzer and aphis gossypii glover, respectively. this mutation has been correlated with resistance to pirimicarb, but biochemical evidence has not yet been provided. here, we describe for the first time that recombinantly expressed ache1 from a g ... | 2004 | 15532677 |
| identification of mutations conferring insecticide-insensitive ache in the cotton-melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | we have identified two mutations in the ace1 gene of aphis gossypii that are associated with insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. the first of these, s431f (equivalent to f331 in torpedo californica), is associated with insensitivity to the carbamate insecticide pirimicarb in a range of a. gossypii clones. the s431f mutation is also found in the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and a rapid rflp diagnostic allows the identificatio ... | 2004 | 15373812 |
| [repellent effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aphids and its chemical constituents]. | the interference effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aptera aphid, guard aphid (aphis gossypii), mustard aphid (lipaphis erysimi) and red peach aphid (myzus persicae) was studied by using four arms olfraetometes. the results showed that the volatile oil had distinct repelling effect. the staying periods of test aphids in test areas were obviously shorter than in control areas, and the selecting frequencies were less than the control, too. the volatile oil did not show ... | 2004 | 15320409 |
| characterization of acetylcholinesterases, and their genes, from the hemipteran species myzus persicae (sulzer), aphis gossypii (glover), bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood). | gene sequences encoding putative acetylcholinesterases have been reported for four hemipteran insect species. although acetylcholinesterase insensitivity occurs in insecticide-resistant populations of each of these species, no mutations were detected in the gene sequences from the resistant insects. this, coupled with a series of experiments using novel reversible inhibitors to compare the biochemical characteristics of acetylcholinesterase from a range of insect species, showed that the cloned ... | 2003 | 14986922 |
| [effect of plant alcohol extracts on vegetable aphids and their parasitoids]. | the repelling and controlling effect of alcohol extracts from 8 common plant species on 3 major vegetable aphids (myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi) were studied in the laboratory, and the effect on their parasitoid was also studied. the results showed that the test 8 plant species had some effects on 3 aphids. the plant alcohol extracts from tephrosia vogelli and cinnamomum camphora had the most effect. the deterrent rate on myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and lipaphis erysimi ... | 2003 | 12827881 |
| european monitoring of resistance to insecticides in myzus persicae and aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) with special reference to imidacloprid. | the susceptibility to several insecticides of 16 and 8 strains of myzus persicae sulzer and aphis gossypii glover, respectively, received from different european countries in 2001 was investigated. most of the strains were derived from places known for their aphid resistance problems to conventional insecticides before imidacloprid was introduced. in many regions and agronomic cropping systems imidacloprid has been an essential part of aphid control strategies for a decade, and therefore the sus ... | 2003 | 12593682 |
| two different genes encoding acetylcholinesterase existing in cotton aphid (aphis gossypii). | two acetylcholinesterase (ache) genes, ace1 and ace2, have been cloned from cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, using the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) technique. to the best of our knowledge, this should be the first direct molecular evidence that multiple ache genes exist in insects. the ace1 gene was successfully amplified along its full length of 2371 bp. the open reading frame is 2031 bp long and encodes 676 amino acids (genbank accession no. af502082). the ace2 gene was amplifie ... | 2002 | 12502259 |
| translocation and translaminar bioavailability of two neonicotinoid insecticides after foliar application to cabbage and cotton. | a laboratory study was undertaken to investigate the leaf systemic properties and the translaminar aphicidal activity of two commercialised neonicotinoid (chloronicotinyl) insecticides. for that purpose [14c]imidacloprid was subjected to uptake and translocation studies in cabbage and cotton after foliar application. foliar penetration and short-term translocation patterns of imidacloprid were similar in both plant species. nevertheless imidacloprid penetrated twice as much into cabbage leaves a ... | 2002 | 11838278 |
| plant cues for aphid navigation in vascular tissues. | the ability of aphids to detect and find sieve tubes suggests that aphids receive cues for sieve-tube recognition by taking samples. specific natural conditions such as ph value, sugar species and concentration, viscosity, and oxygen pressure may enable sieve-tube detection. we tested the preference of megoura viciae and myzus persicae for potential plant-borne orientation parameters in artificial choice-chamber systems. both species preferred sucrose (in comparison with fructose, glucose, raffi ... | 2010 | 21075945 |
| temperature-dependent development of the two-spotted ladybeetle, adalia bipunctata, on the green peach aphid, myzus persicae, and a factitious food under constant temperatures. | the ability of a natural enemy to tolerate a wide temperature range is a critical factor in the evaluation of its suitability as a biological control agent. in the current study, temperature-dependent development of the two-spotted ladybeetle a. bipunctata l. (coleoptera: coccinellidae) was evaluated on myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae) and a factitious food consisting of moist bee pollen and ephestia kuehniella zeller (lepidoptera: pyralidae) eggs under six constant temperatures ra ... | 2010 | 20879918 |
| honeydew feeding in the solitary bee osmia bicornis as affected by aphid species and nectar availability. | like honey bees (apis mellifera), non-apis bees could exploit honeydew as a carbohydrate source. in addition to providing carbohydrates, this may expose them to potentially harmful plant products secreted in honeydew. however, knowledge on honeydew feeding by solitary bees is very scarce. here we determine whether the polylectic solitary bee osmia bicornis (=o. rufa) collects honeydew under semi-field conditions, and whether this is affected by aphid species and presence of floral nectar. bees w ... | 2009 | 19699745 |
| involvement of the xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolases encoded by celery xth1 and arabidopsis xth33 in the phloem response to aphids. | during infestation, phloem-feeding insects induce transcriptional reprogramming in plants that may lead to protection. transcripts of the celery xth1 gene, encoding a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (xth), were previously found to accumulate systemically in celery (apium graveolens) phloem, following infestation with the generalist aphid myzus persicae. xth1 induction was specific to the phloem but was not correlated with an increase in xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (xet) activity in ... | 2007 | 17238910 |
| systemic response to aphid infestation by myzus persicae in the phloem of apium graveolens. | little is known about the molecular processes involved in the phloem response to aphid feeding. we investigated molecular responses to aphid feeding on celery (apium graveolenscv. dulce) plants infested with the aphid myzus persicae, as a means of identifying changes in phloem function. we used celery as our model species as it is easy to separate the phloem from the surrounding tissues in the petioles of mature leaves of this species. we generated a total of 1187 expressed sequence tags (ests), ... | 2005 | 15821978 |
| molecular characterization of rice oslcb2a1 gene and functional analysis of its role in insect resistance. | in plants, sphingolipids, such as long-chain bases (lcbs), act as bioactive molecules in stress responses. until now, it is still not clear if these lipids are involved in biotic stress responses to herbivore. herein we report that a rice lcb gene, oslcb2a1 encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (spt), a key enzyme responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids, plays a critical role in plant defense response to the brown planthopper (bph) attack and that its up-regulation ... | 2016 | 27990147 |
| overexpression of a synthetic insect-plant geranyl pyrophosphate synthase gene in camelina sativa alters plant growth and terpene biosynthesis. | a novel plastidial homodimeric insect-plant geranyl pyrophosphate synthase gene is synthesized from three different cdna origins. its overexpression in camelina sativa effectively alters plant development and terpenoid metabolism. geranyl pyrophosphate synthase (gpps) converts one isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to gpp. here, we report a synthetic insect-plant gpps gene and effects of its overexpression on plant growth and terpenoid metabolism of camelina sativa. we syn ... | 2016 | 27023458 |
| feeding on leaves of the glucosinolate transporter mutant gtr1gtr2 reduces fitness of myzus persicae. | as aphids are a pest on various crops worldwide, a better understanding of the interaction between aphids and plant host defenses is required. the green peach aphid (myzus persicae) feeds on a variety of plant species, including the model plant arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis), in which glucosinolates function as a major part of the chemical defense. several studies have shown that glucosinolates play a role in interactions between arabidopsis and the green peach aphid. in this work, we used a ... | 2015 | 26511863 |
| proteomic analysis of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh responses to a generalist sucking pest (myzus persicae sulzer). | herbivorous insects can cause severe cellular changes to plant foliage following infestations, depending on feeding behaviour. here, a proteomic study was conducted to investigate the influence of green peach aphid (myzus persicae sulzer) as a polyphagous pest on the defence response of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh after aphid colony establishment on the host plant (3 days). analysis of about 574 protein spots on 2-de gels revealed 31 differentially expressed protein spots. twenty out of thes ... | 2015 | 26153342 |
| abscisic acid deficiency increases defence responses against myzus persicae in arabidopsis. | comparison of arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) gene expression induced by myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeding, aphid saliva infiltration and abscisic acid (aba) treatment showed a significant positive correlation. in particular, aba-regulated genes are over-represented among genes that are induced by m. persicae saliva infiltration into arabidopsis leaves. this suggests that the induction of aba-related gene expression could be an important component of the arabidopsis-aphid interaction ... | 2016 | 25943308 |
| enhanced aphid detoxification when confronted by a host with elevated ros production. | reactive oxygen species (ros) plays an important role in plant defense responses against bacteria, fungi and insect pests. most recently, we have demonstrated that loss of arabidopsis thaliana botrytis-induced kinase1 (bik1) function releases its suppression of aphid-induced h2o2 production and cell death, rendering the bik1 mutant more resistant to green peach aphid (myzus persicae) than wild-type plants. however, little is known regarding how ros-related gene expression is correlated with bik1 ... | 2015 | 25932782 |
| high-throughput phenotyping of plant resistance to aphids by automated video tracking. | piercing-sucking insects are major vectors of plant viruses causing significant yield losses in crops. functional genomics of plant resistance to these insects would greatly benefit from the availability of high-throughput, quantitative phenotyping methods. | 2015 | 25657813 |
| molecular characterization of two isoforms of a farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene in wheat and their roles in sesquiterpene synthesis and inducible defence against aphid infestation. | aphids are important pests of wheat (triticum aestivum) that affect crop production globally. herbivore-induced emission of sesquiterpenes can repel pests, and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (fps) is a key enzyme involved in sesquiterpene biosynthesis. however, fps orthologues in wheat and their functional roles in sesquiterpene synthesis and defence against aphid infestation are unknown. here, two fps isoforms, tafps1 and tafps2, were identified in wheat. quantitative real-time polymerase chai ... | 2015 | 25644034 |
| systematic analysis of phloem-feeding insect-induced transcriptional reprogramming in arabidopsis highlights common features and reveals distinct responses to specialist and generalist insects. | phloem-feeding insects (pfis), of which aphids are the largest group, are major agricultural pests causing extensive damage to crop plants. in contrast to chewing insects, the nature of the plant response to pfis remains poorly characterized. scrutiny of the literature concerning transcriptional responses of model and crop plant species to pfis reveals surprisingly little consensus with respect to the transcripts showing altered abundance following infestation. nevertheless, core features of the ... | 2015 | 25540442 |
| aphid-repellent pheromone e-β-farnesene is generated in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana over-expressing farnesyl diphosphate synthase2. | plant-synthesized sesquiterpenes play a pivotal role in chemotactic interactions with insects. biosynthesis of functionally diverse sesquiterpenes is dependent on the availability of a pool of the precursor farnesyldiphosphate (fdp). in arabidopsis thaliana, fps2, encoding cytosolic farnesyldiphosphate synthase, is implicated in the synthesis of cytosolic fdp, but it is not known whether enhanced levels of fdp have a commensurate effect on sesquiterpene-mediated defence responses. this study exa ... | 2015 | 25538111 |
| transcriptional responses of arabidopsis thaliana to chewing and sucking insect herbivores. | we tested the hypothesis that arabidopsis can recognize and respond differentially to insect species at the transcriptional level using a genome wide microarray. transcriptional reprogramming was characterized using co-expression analysis in damaged and undamaged leaves at two times in response to mechanical wounding and four insect species. in all, 2778 (10.6%) of annotated genes on the array were differentially expressed in at least one treatment. responses differed mainly between aphid and ca ... | 2014 | 25452759 |
| plant defence against aphids: the pad4 signalling nexus. | in arabidopsis thaliana, phytoalexin deficient 4 (pad4) functions as a key player in modulating defence against the phloem sap-feeding aphid myzus persicae (sülzer), more commonly known as the green peach aphid (gpa), an important pest of a wide variety of plants. pad4 controls antibiosis and antixenosis against the gpa. in addition, pad4 deters aphid feeding from sieve elements on arabidopsis. in the past few years, substantial progress has been made in dissecting the role of pad4 and its inter ... | 2015 | 25416793 |
| persistence and transgenerational effect of plant-mediated rnai in aphids. | plant-mediated rna interference (rnai) has been successfully used as a tool to study gene function in aphids. the persistence and transgenerational effects of plant-mediated rnai in the green peach aphid (gpa) myzus persicae were investigated, with a focus on three genes with different functions in the aphid. rack1 is a key component of various cellular processes inside aphids, while candidate effector genes mpc002 and mppinto2 (mp2) modulate aphid-plant interactions. the gene sequences and func ... | 2015 | 25403918 |
| overexpression of irm1 enhances resistance to aphids in arabidopsis thaliana. | aphids are insects that cause direct damage to crops by the removal of phloem sap, but more importantly they spread devastating viruses. aphids use their sophisticated mouthpart (i.e. stylet) to feed from the phloem sieve elements of the host plant. to identify genes that affect host plant resistance to aphids, we previously screened an arabidopsis thaliana activation tag mutant collection. in such mutants, tagged genes are overexpressed by a strong 35s enhancer adjacent to the natural promoter, ... | 2013 | 23951039 |
| metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid. | many plants employ energized loading strategies to accumulate osmotically-active solutes into the phloem of source organs to accentuate the hydrostatic pressure gradients that drive the flow of water, nutrients and signals from source to sinks. proton-coupled symport of sugars from the apoplasm into the phloem symplasm is the best studied phloem-loading mechanism. as an alternative, numerous species use a polymer trapping mechanism to load through symplasm: sucrose enters the phloem through spec ... | 2013 | 23882277 |
| elevated co2 increases the abundance of the peach aphid on arabidopsis by reducing jasmonic acid defenses. | rising atmospheric co2 concentrations can affect the induced defense of plants against herbivory by chewing insects, but little is known about whether elevated co2 can change the inducible defense of plants against herbivory by aphids, which are phloem-sucking rather than tissue-chewing insects. interactions between the green peach aphid myzus persicae and four isogenic arabidopsis thaliana genotypes including wild type and three induced defense pathway deficient mutants were examined under ambi ... | 2013 | 23849120 |
| arabidopsis thaliana-myzus persicae interaction: shaping the understanding of plant defense against phloem-feeding aphids. | the phloem provides a unique niche for several organisms. aphids are a large group of hemipteran insects that utilize stylets present in their mouthparts to pierce sieve elements and drink large volumes of phloem sap. in addition, many aphids also vector viral diseases. myzus persicae, commonly known as the green peach aphid (gpa), is an important pest of a large variety of plants that includes arabidopsis thaliana. this review summarizes recent studies that have exploited the compatible interac ... | 2013 | 23847627 |
| atmyb44 regulates resistance to the green peach aphid and diamondback moth by activating ein2-affected defences in arabidopsis. | recently we showed that the transcription activator atmyb44 regulates expression of ein2, a gene essential for ethylene signalling and insect resistance, in arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis). to link the transactivation with insect resistance, we investigated the wild-type and atmyb44 mutant plants, genetically complemented atmyb44 (catmyb44) and atmyb44-overexpression transgenic arabidopsis (myb44ota). we found that atmyb44 played a critical role in arabidopsis resistance to the phloem-feeding ... | 2013 | 23656500 |
| expression of α-dioxygenase 1 in tomato and arabidopsis contributes to plant defenses against aphids. | plant α-dioxygenases (α-dox) are fatty acid-hydroperoxidases that contribute to the synthesis of oxylipins, a diverse group of compounds primarily generated through oxidation of linoleic (la) and linolenic acid (lna). oxylipins are implicated in plant signaling against biotic and abiotic stresses. we report here that the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) induces slα-dox1 but not slα-dox2 expression in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). slα-dox1 upregulation by aphids does not require either jasm ... | 2013 | 23634839 |
| vitamin c and the abscisic acid-insensitive 4 transcription factor are important determinants of aphid resistance in arabidopsis. | aphids, like other insects, are probably unable to synthesize vitamin c (ascorbic acid), which is therefore an essential dietary nutrient that has to be obtained from the host plant. plant responses to aphids involve hormones such as salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), and abscisic acid (aba), but hormone/redox interactions remain poorly characterized. we therefore investigated hormone/redox signaling in the response of arabidopsis thaliana to infestation by the aphid myzus persicae, focusi ... | 2013 | 23343093 |
| aphid-induced accumulation of trehalose in arabidopsis thaliana is systemic and dependent upon aphid density. | trehalose is a disaccharide sugar that is now considered to be widely distributed among higher plants. trehalose has been attributed a number of roles, including control of basic plant processes, such as photosynthesis, and conferring tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as desiccation and high salinity. trehalose is also a common storage sugar used by insects. in this study, we used laboratory investigations to examine various aspects of trehalose dynamics in an aphid-host plant system (arabidop ... | 2013 | 23242075 |
| the green peach aphid, myzus persicae, acquires a lipoxygenase5-derived oxylipin from arabidopsis thaliana, which promotes colonization of the host plant. | oxylipins derived from lipoxygenase (lox) activity play important roles in plant growth, development and stress response. in a recent study, we provided evidence that infestation of arabidopsis thaliana foliage by the green peach aphid (gpa; myzus persicae), a phloem sap-consuming insect, was promoted by plant lox5-derived oxylipins. in comparison to the wild-type (wt) plant, gpa population was smaller on the arabidopsis lox5 mutant. the insect spent less time feeding from the sieve element and ... | 2013 | 23221749 |
| green peach aphid infestation induces arabidopsis phytoalexin-deficient4 expression at site of insect feeding. | the arabidopsis thaliana phytoalexin-deficient4 (pad4) protein, which has homology to lipases, is required for phloem-based resistance against the green peach aphid (gpa; myzus persicae sülzer). pad4 modulates antibiotic and antixenotic defenses against gpa. pad4 in conjunction with its interacting partner enhanced disease susceptibility1 (eds1) also functions in basal resistance to bacterial and oomycete pathogens by promoting salicylic acid (sa)-dependent and sa-independent defenses. by contra ... | 2012 | 22990443 |
| tomato responds to green peach aphid infestation with the activation of trehalose metabolism and starch accumulation. | the disaccharide trehalose and trehalose-6-phosphate that are present in trace amounts are suggested to have a signaling function in plants. recently, it was demonstrated that trehalose metabolism contributes to arabidopsis thaliana defense against the green peach aphid (gpa; myzus persicae sülzer), an important insect pest of a large variety of plants. tps11 (trehalose phosphate synthase11)-dependent trehalose metabolism was shown to curtail gpa infestation by promoting starch accumulation and ... | 2012 | 22580694 |
| root-derived oxylipins promote green peach aphid performance on arabidopsis foliage. | oxylipins function as signaling molecules in plant growth and development and contribute to defense against stress. here, we show that oxylipins also facilitate infestation of arabidopsis thaliana shoots by the phloem sap-consuming green peach aphid (gpa; myzus persicae), an agronomically important insect pest. gpas had difficulty feeding from sieve elements and tapping into the xylem of lipoxygenase5 (lox5) mutant plants defective in lox activity. these defects in gpa performance in the lox5 mu ... | 2012 | 22474183 |
| an ecological genomic approach challenging the paradigm of differential plant responses to specialist versus generalist insect herbivores. | a general prediction of the specialist/generalist paradigm indicates that plant responses to insect herbivores may depend on the degree of ecological specialization of the insect attacker. however, results from a single greenhouse experiment evaluating the responses of the model plant arabidopsis thaliana to three specialist (plutella xylostella, pieris rapae, and brevicoryne brassicae) and three generalist (trichoplusia ni, spodoptera exigua, and myzus persicae) insect species did not support t ... | 2011 | 21625984 |
| trehalose phosphate synthase11-dependent trehalose metabolism promotes arabidopsis thaliana defense against the phloem-feeding insect myzus persicae. | agricultural productivity is limited by the removal of sap, alterations in source-sink patterns, and viral diseases vectored by aphids, which are phloem-feeding pests. here we show that trehalose phosphate synthase11 (tps11) gene-dependent trehalose metabolism regulates arabidopsis thaliana defense against myzus persicae (sülzer), commonly known as the green peach aphid (gpa). gpa infestation of arabidopsis resulted in a transient increase in trehalose and expression of the tps11 gene, which enc ... | 2011 | 21426427 |
| constitutive emission of the aphid alarm pheromone, (e)-β-farnesene, from plants does not serve as a direct defense against aphids. | the sesquiterpene, (e)-β-farnesene (ebf), is the principal component of the alarm pheromone of many aphid species. released when aphids are attacked by enemies, ebf leads aphids to undertake predator avoidance behaviors and to produce more winged offspring that can leave the plant. many plants also release ebf as a volatile, and so it has been proposed that this compound could act to defend plants against aphid infestation by 1) deterring aphids from settling, 2) reducing aphid performance due t ... | 2010 | 21092302 |
| alarm pheromone habituation in myzus persicae has fitness consequences and causes extensive gene expression changes. | in most aphid species, facultative parthenogenetic reproduction allows rapid growth and formation of large single-genotype colonies. upon predator attack, individual aphids emit an alarm pheromone to warn the colony of this danger. (e)-beta-farnesene (ebf) is the predominant constituent of the alarm pheromone in myzus persicae (green peach aphid) and many other aphid species. continuous exposure to alarm pheromone in aphid colonies raised on transgenic arabidopsis thaliana plants that produce eb ... | 2010 | 20679203 |
| pad4-dependent antibiosis contributes to the ssi2-conferred hyper-resistance to the green peach aphid. | myzus persicae, commonly known as green peach aphid (gpa), is a sap-sucking insect with a broad host range. arabidopsis thaliana responds to gpa infestation with elevated expression of the phytoalexin deficient4 (pad4) gene. previously, we had demonstrated that the loss of pad4 gene function compromises arabidopsis resistance to gpa. in contrast, a mutation in the arabidopsis suppressor of salicylic acid insensitivity2 (ssi2) gene, which encodes a desaturase involved in lipid metabolism, resulte ... | 2010 | 20367470 |
| a mutation in amino acid permease aap6 reduces the amino acid content of the arabidopsis sieve elements but leaves aphid herbivores unaffected. | the aim of this study was to investigate the role of the amino acid permease gene aap6 in regulating phloem amino acid composition and then to determine the effects of this altered diet on aphid performance. a genotype of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) was produced in which the function of the amino acid permease gene aap6 (at5g49630) was abolished. plants homozygous for the insertionally inactivated aap6 gene had a significantly larger mean rosette width than the wild type and a greater number of ca ... | 2010 | 19755569 |
| myzus persicae (green peach aphid) salivary components induce defence responses in arabidopsis thaliana. | myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeding on arabidopsis thaliana induces a defence response, quantified as reduced aphid progeny production, in infested leaves but not in other parts of the plant. similarly, infiltration of aphid saliva into arabidopsis leaves causes only a local increase in aphid resistance. further characterization of the defence-eliciting salivary components indicates that arabidopsis recognizes a proteinaceous elicitor with a size between 3 and 10 kd. genetic analysis usin ... | 2009 | 19558622 |
| the gene controlling the indole glucosinolate modifier1 quantitative trait locus alters indole glucosinolate structures and aphid resistance in arabidopsis. | glucosinolates are defensive secondary compounds that display large structural diversity in arabidopsis thaliana and related plants. much attention has been paid to variation in the biosynthesis of met-derived aliphatic glucosinolates and its ecological consequences, but little is known about the genes that cause qualitative and quantitative differences in trp-derived indole glucosinolates. we use a combination of quantitative trait locus (qtl) fine-mapping and microarray-based transcript profil ... | 2009 | 19293369 |
| investigations into plant biochemical wound-response pathways involved in the production of aphid-induced plant volatiles. | feeding damage to plants by insect herbivores induces the production of plant volatiles, which are attractive to the herbivores natural enemies. little is understood about the plant biochemical pathways involved in aphid-induced plant volatile production. the aphid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae can detect and respond to aphid-induced volatiles produced by arabidopsis thaliana. when given experience of those volatiles, it can learn those cues and can therefore be used as a novel biosensor to dete ... | 2008 | 18583348 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of arabidopsis thaliana infested by diamond back moth (plutella xylostella) larvae reveals signatures of stress response, secondary metabolism, and signalling. | plants are exposed to attack from a large variety of herbivores. feeding insects can induce substantial changes of the host plant transcriptome. arabidopsis thaliana has been established as a relevant system for the discovery of genes associated with response to herbivory, including genes for specialized (i.e. secondary) metabolism as well as genes involved in plant-insect defence signalling. | 2008 | 18400103 |
| identification of indole glucosinolate breakdown products with antifeedant effects on myzus persicae (green peach aphid). | the cleavage of glucosinolates by myrosinase to produce toxic breakdown products is a characteristic insect defense of cruciferous plants. although green peach aphids (myzus persicae) are able to avoid most contact with myrosinase when feeding from the phloem of arabidopsis thaliana, indole glucosinolates are nevertheless degraded during passage through the insects. a defensive role for indole glucosinolates is suggested by the observation that atr1d mutant plants, which overproduce indole gluco ... | 2008 | 18346197 |
| exploring plant responses to aphid feeding using a full arabidopsis microarray reveals a small number of genes with significantly altered expression. | the aim of this study was to determine which arabidopsis thaliana (l.) genes had significantly altered expression following 2-36 h of infestation by the aphid myzus persicae (sulzer). six biological replicates were performed for both control and treatment at each time point, allowing rigorous statistical analysis of any changes. only two genes showed altered expression after 2 h (one up- and one down-regulated) while two were down-regulated and twenty three were up-regulated at 36 h. the transcr ... | 2007 | 17916270 |