| [virological studies of acute respiratory syndromes in 1975--1976]. | | 1978 | 216321 |
| outbreaks of classical swine influenza in italy in 1976. | | 1978 | 217205 |
| swine influenza vaccine program in the community: acceptability, reactions and responses. | the operation of the national swine influenza immunization program was observed in the community of tecumseh, michigan. the purpose was to determine acceptability of a parenteral vaccine intended for the general population. participation of the residents was excellent. more than 64 per cent of eligibles were vaccinated; this figure resembled that of the rest of the local area, but not the national figures nor a suburban area of michigan where a similar study was carried out. sore arm after vacci ... | 1979 | 217281 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to influenza a and b and parainfluenza type 1 in sera of patients. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of antibodies to influenza a/hong kong/1/68, influenza a/victoria/3/75, influenza b/hong kong/5/72, and parainfluenza type 1 viruses. development and standardization of the method indicated that an acetone-ethyl alcohol mixture was a suitable fixative for the preparation of the solid-phase coupled antigen. the addition of sodium azide to the enzyme-conjugated solution and the concentrations of the enzyme-conjugate antig ... | 1978 | 217892 |
| easily hydrolyzable, water-soluble derivatives of (+/-)-alpha-5-[1-(indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-methylamino-delta2-thiazoline-4-one, a novel antiviral compound. | the preparation of a series of indole n-acyl and n-carbamic esters of (+/-)-alpha-5-[1-(indol-3-yl)ethyl]-2-methylamino-delta2-thiazolin-4-one (1) is reported. these derivatives were synthesized as potential water-soluble precursors of the antiviral thiazolinone 1, for evaluation by intranasal administration against influenza and other respiratory infections caused by viruses. salts of the basic carbamic esters (16--19) possess the required water solubility, undergo rapid hydrolysis and decarbox ... | 1979 | 218010 |
| viral pericarditis in patients receiving hemodialysis. | four patients with end-stage renal disease in whom pericarditis developed while they received intermittent hemodialysis therapy were evaluated for viral infection. we found high or rising serum antibody titers to influenza virus a (three patients) and coxsackievirus b (one patient). cardiac tamponade occurred in three patients, requiring pericardiectomy in two; each patient eventually recovered. viral pericarditis may be an important cause of "uremic" pericarditis in chronically dialyzed patient ... | 1979 | 218513 |
| early molecular events in the interaction of enveloped viruses with cells. i. a fluorescence and radioactivity study. | the fluorescence depolarization of 1,6-diphenyl-hexatriene was used to study the dynamic properties of the hydrophobic regions of the lipid envelopes of ortho- and paramyxoviruses as well as of the rous sarcoma virus and of the membrane lipids of susceptible and nonsusceptible cells. the systems investigated where active and inactive influenza viruses, and ndv virus acting on chick embryo fibroblasts and rous sarcoma virus acting on susceptible (c/e) and nonsusceptible (c/b) chicken-cell. polari ... | 1979 | 218647 |
| epidemiology of equine upper respiratory tract disease on standardbred racetracks. | the outbreaks of upper respiratory tract infections in horses at standardbred racetracks were investigated over a three year period. the most serious epidemics of respiratory disease occurred in the winter and spring seasons. both influenza viruses and equine herpesvirus 1 were shown to be present in the horse population. the herpesvirus was associated with respiratory disease particularly in the winter but the equine influenza viruses apparently were responsible for the major epidemics of respi ... | 1979 | 218705 |
| geographical distribution of swine (hsw1n1) and hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus variants in pigs in southeast asia. | influenza viruses of the hsw1n1 and h3n2 subtypes were isolated in hong kong from pigs originating from hong kong, people's republic of china (prc), singapore, and taiwan. the h3n2 isolates were from pigs from hong kong and prc, whereas the hsw1n1 isolates were from pigs from hong kong, prc, singapore and taiwan. the hemagglutinins of the h3n2 isolates were similar to those of the earlier a/hong kong/1/68 and a/port chalmers/1/73 variants from man. the hsw1n1 isolates were similar to the human a ... | 1979 | 218894 |
| canine kidney cell line for isolation of respiratory viruses. | by means of a continuous canine kidney cell line (mdck), influenza viruses were rapidly isolated from specimens collected from patients with respiratory disease. the cell line proved more sensitive than either eggs or rhesus monkey cells for currently circulating influenza a and b strains. influenza viruses caused a distinct cytopathology within 5 days of inoculation if trypsin-ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid was incorporated into the medium. sufficient hemagglutinin was produced on the initial ... | 1979 | 219021 |
| infertility in gilts and sows. | | 1978 | 219327 |
| respiratory viruses in hospital patients on the witwatersrand. a 7-year study. | virological investigations were carried out on 4 151 patients with respiratory disease hospitalized between may 1966 and april 1972. the groups examined were black and white children and black miners. influenza viruses were more common among malnourished black children and tended to cause more severe disease. this was also true of adenovirus and herpesvirus hominis type 1 infections. adenoviruses appear to be secondary invaders, frequently after a measles or influenza attack. a generalized epide ... | 1979 | 219551 |
| prevalence of antibodies to equine viruses in the netherlands. | the prevalence of antibodies to various viruses was investigated in a series of serum samples collected from horses in the netherlands between 1963 and 1966 and from 1972 onwards. neutralizing antibodies to equine rhinopneumonitis virus, equine arteritis virus and to equine rhinovirus types 1 and 2 were detected in respectively 76%, 14%, 66% and 59% of the equine serum samples tested. the observed incidence of serum samples positive to equine adenovirus in the complement fixation test was 39%. p ... | 1979 | 219560 |
| study of host antigens in the envelopes of different myxo- and paramyxoviruses cultivated in the embryonated hen egg. | by immunoelectrophoretic analysis it was shown that different viruses--such as myxo- (influenza a0pr8) and paramyxoviruses (sendai, sv5, ndv, mumps)--cultivated in the same host cells (chorioallantoic membranes) incorporate similar host antigens into their envelopes. the amount of host cell antigens incorporated into the virus envelopes differs from one virus to another. the fact that incorporation of host cell antigens occurs only after a virus-induced modification seems to be a general charact ... | 1978 | 219591 |
| [experimental model of associated influenza-para-influenza infection]. | an experimental model of associated influenza-parainfluenza infection has been developed. simultaneous inoculation of mice with influenza a2/21/65 and parainfluenza type 3 or inoculation with these viruses at an interval of 24 hours was shown to produce a considerably more severe disease as manifested by the development of severe confluent pneumonias involving both lungs and death of the inoculated animals. the animals with the associated infection showed no significant difference in antibody ti ... | 1978 | 219615 |
| [herpes simplex in acute viral respiratory diseases]. | herpes in main viral acute respiratory diseases (ard) in adults (influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus and mixed infections) was studied by different laboratory methods of diagnosis. it was found that in 44.5% viral ard were accompanied by herpes in the clinically overt or latent form. herpes was detected with varying frequencies depending on the nosological forms of ard as well as on the nature of the infection: more frequently in monoinfections than in mixed infections. | 1978 | 219618 |
| [selective damage to the abducens nerve during influenza]. | | 1979 | 219628 |
| impact of swine influenza vaccine on serum antibody. | comparison of a 1976 serum survey with one of 1977 has permitted an assessment of the impact of the national swine influenza vaccine program of 1976-1977 on the antibody status of the michigan population. prevalence of hi influenza virus antibody in premarital sera collected in 1976 prior to the vaccine program was compared to that in similar sera collected in 1977. overall prevalence of a/new jersey antibody (titers greater than or equal to 1:10) in 1976 sera was 22.3%. little antibody was dete ... | 1979 | 219688 |
| preparation of inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines with avian viral or mycoplasma antigens. | the influence of the composition of water-in-oil emulsions on their physical characteristics was determined by preparing experimental emulsions with various water-to-oil ratios and various emulsifiers. emulsions containing tween 80 in the aqueous phase and arlacel a or arlacel 80 in the oil phase were lower in viscosity than emulsions containing only an oil-phase emulsifier. viscosity decreased as the concentration of oil increased. oil-emulsion vaccines prepared with aqueous- and oil-phase emul ... | 1978 | 219830 |
| in vitro studies on the mechanism of respiratory virus-induced asthma. | | 1979 | 219994 |
| rat interferons. vi. heterologous interferon in the treatment of viral infections. | in previous studies in vitro we demonstrated the protection of mouse cells against viral infections by rat interferon. in continuation, the present paper reports results of a study designed to confirm this heterospecific activity of rat interferon in vivo. experiments were carried out with mice of the inbred 129/aoboy strain, inoculated intranasally or intraperitoneally with emc-strain col mm, vsv and influenza a 055/74 viruses, and treated with mouse or rat interferon administered by the same r ... | 1979 | 220932 |
| csf viral antibodies. evaluation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and late-onset postpoliomyelitis progressive muscular atrophy. | serum and csf from 48 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and six patients with late-onset postpoliomyelitis progressive muscular atrophy were investigated for the presence of antibody to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, coxsackie viruses b3 and b4, influenza a, measles, rubella, mumps, herpes simplex types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster, and toxoplasma gondii. these results were compared with those from 53 control patients with neuromuscular disease matched for age, sex, race, ... | 1979 | 220938 |
| antiviral action of benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-diones: 5-nitro-2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) and 5-nitro-2-[2-(1-pyrrolidine)-ethyl] derivatives. | two benzo[de]isoquinoline-diones, namely 5-nitro-2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione and 5-nitro-2-[2-(1-pyrrolidine)-ethyl]-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione, caused inhibition of the viral replication, when assayed against herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses in chick embryo cell cultures. influenza and sindbis virus replication were unaffected by these chemicals. virucidal effects were unobserved. the inhibitory activity is time-related. ocular and dermal infections with vac ... | 1979 | 221156 |
| viral vaccines: new problems and prospects. | the problems are many: how best to apply the swine flu lessons to the russian flu "invasion;" whether enough is known about the cytomegalovirus to attempt vaccine development; how to deliver established vaccines to the millions who need them. | 1978 | 221315 |
| influenza a virus associated with acute encephalopathy. | during the period of february 1972 until february 1976, we documented six cases of influenza a-associated acute encephalopathy. the illnesses occurred during periods of influenza a activity in our community. the encephalopathy was invariably preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection, and, thereafter, patients soon became confused, vomited, and showed noticeable restlessness. patients then followed either of two courses, some becoming comatose within 24 hours and others improving rapidly w ... | 1979 | 223436 |
| [virological research in acute respiratory diseases in 1976--1977 (author's transl)]. | from october 1976 to june 1977 virological researches have been carried out on 5 subjects with influenza, on 302 children hospitalized in pediatric departments for respiratory illness and 94 children hospitalized in the same departments for other (non respiratory) diseases. the incidence of influenza was moderate and restricted to small epidemic episodes in school and preschool children. the isolated viruses resulted of a type, substantially similar to the prototype strains appeared from 1972 to ... | 1978 | 223505 |
| [clinical analysis of 78 cases of viral myocarditis]. | | 1979 | 224241 |
| the local origin of the febrile response induced in ferrets during respiratory infection with a virulent influenza virus. | | 1979 | 224895 |
| antibody responses and interferon titers in the respiratory tracts of mice after aerosolized exposure to influenza virus. | we studied the temporal appearance of immunoglobulins (immunoglobulins g1, g2, m, and a) and interferon in lung lavage fluids of mice after aerosol exposure to influenza virus in six animal groups in which mortality rates ranged from 0 to 24%. immunoglobulin levels in the lung lavage fluids were markedly higher in mouse groups with higher mortality rates (16, 20, and 24%) than in those with low mortality rates (0, 2.5, and 7.5%). analysis of serum albumin in the respiratory secretions as an inde ... | 1979 | 225272 |
| a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detection of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | the conditions for a sensitive and specific solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) for the detection of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) were optimized, and the ria was used to assay sera from patients with hepatitis. igm antibodies to hav reached highest concentrations between one and three weeks after onset of icterus and were measurable in follow-up sera for at least 12 months after infection. to prove the specificity, the igg antibodies were separated from patient sera by sucrose densit ... | 1979 | 225390 |
| effectiveness of patient recall system on immunization rates for influenza. | | 1979 | 225404 |
| effects of viral exposure of the two-cell mouse embryo on cleavage and blastocyst formation in vitro. | the effect of viral exposure of two-cell mouse embryos on their capacity to undergo subsequent cleavage and blastocyst formation in vitro was determined. exposure to coxsackie viruses b-4 and b-6, reovirus type 2, influenza virus type a, mouse cytomegalovirus, adenovirus type 5, and mouse adenovirus resulted in statistically significant inhibition of blastocyst formation. development in vitro was unaffected by exposure to echo virus type 11, attenuated poliomyelitis virus type 2, parainfluenza v ... | 1979 | 225719 |
| [experimental myocardiopathy caused by the herpesvirus]. | mice weighing 18--20 g were inoculated with herpes simplex virus type i. the rate of pathological changes in the myocardium was found to depend on the route of virus inoculation and the time of heart examinations in the infected animals. the development of myocardiopathies was not determined by the virus dose used in the test. an immunosuppressant drug, imurane, reduced the rate of heart affections. pathomorphological changes in the heart were of parenchymatous-interstitial nature, with the lead ... | 1979 | 225882 |
| asymptomatic glomerulonephritis after nonstreptococcal upper respiratory infections. | two hundred forty previously healthy military personnel with nonstreptococcal upper respiratory infections were prospectively studied to define the incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of possible virus-associated glomerulonephritis. nine patients without preceding streptococcal infection had erythrocyte casts on urinalysis and glomerulonephritis on biopsy. of these nine, four had a reduction in total hemolytic complement and five had serologic evidence of infection with adenovirus, i ... | 1979 | 227300 |
| effects of silica dust inhalation on the susceptibility of mice to influenza infection. | mice were exposed to silica dust for durations of up to 36 wk. at intervals of 15, 21, 27, 33, and 36 wk, the ability of the splenic lymphocytes to respond to t and b cell mitogens were determined, and their ability to resist influenza virus infections was determined after 3 and 20 wk of exposure. these exposures had a depressing effect on the response to t cell mitogens at 21 and 27 wk of silica exposure, but there was no effect on the t cell responses after 15, 33, and 36 wk or on b cell respo ... | 1979 | 227335 |
| hemagglutinin mutants of swine influenza virus differing in replication characteristics in their natural host. | in two mutant clones (l and h) of a/nj/11/76 (hsw 1n1) influenza viruses which differ slightly antigenically and markedly in replication characteristics in chicken embryos and madin darby canine kidney cells, these pleiotropic differences are mediated by mutation in the hemagglutinin gene (e. d. kilbourne, proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 75:6258--6262, 1978). experimental infection of swine with either the mutant l and h clones or recombinant viruses differing genetically only with respect to the ... | 1979 | 227792 |
| comparison of different tissue cultures for isolation and quantitation of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. | rhesus and cynomolgus monkey kidney tissue cultures and two continuous lines, madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) and llc-mk2, were compared in titrations and isolations of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. tube cultures were inoculated with laboratory virus strains or stored patient specimens and observed for hemadsorption. trypsin was added to the medium of the continuous lines to increase sensitivity. all four tissue cultures gave similar titers of influenza a/ussr (h1n1), a/texas (h3n2), and ... | 1979 | 227920 |
| immobilization of viral and mycoplasma antigens and of immunoglobulins on polystyrene surface for immunoassays. | the immobilization of purified influenza virus, rubella virus, crude nuclear cytomegalovirus antigen and of mycoplasma on polystyrene tubes was studied using radio-iodinated preparations. the antigen activities on tube surfaces were determined using sequentially specific human antibodies and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-human igg in an enzyme-immunoassay (eia) reaction. in addition, immobilization of radio-iodinated human igg, igm, and iga, serving as model proteins, was studied using th ... | 1979 | 227962 |
| the influence of defective-interfering particles of the pr-8 strain of influenza a virus on the pathogenesis of pulmonary infection in mice. | homologous autointerference mediated by defective-interfering (di) particles was first described with the pr-8 strain of influenza virus. however, little is actually known about the influence of di particles of influenza virus on the pathogenesis of pulmonary infection. the present studies were designed to determine (1) the requirements for successful autointerference in vivo with di particle-enriched pr-8 influenza virus and (2) the effects of di particle-enriched virus on the development and p ... | 1979 | 227968 |
| [myxovirus structural investigations by spin probe methods. ii. influence of rimantadine on the structure of viral and artificial lipid membranes]. | the lipid membrane structure of two myxoviruses (influenza and sendai viruses), red blood cells and liposomes (prepared from total lipids of sendai virus) have been investigated in the presence of rimantadine by means of two spin probes c5 and c6--the iminoxyl derivatives of stearic acids. rimantadine was shown to penetrate the lipid membranes of myxoviruses and red blood sells and change the structure of the lipid phase no less than 0.8 nm apart from the viral surface. in the depth of 2.2 nm th ... | 1979 | 228179 |
| epidemiology of equine infectious respiratory disease. | | 1979 | 228462 |
| viral respiratory disease. | | 1979 | 228463 |
| [does an autoimmune process play a role in the pathogenesis of obstructive cardiomyopathy? (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 228507 |
| [preliminary note on the circulation of some human respiratory viruses by wild birds]. | with a view to detecting infections and carriage of human respiratory viruses in wild birds, 349 serum samples collected from 21 bird species -- sedentary ones and birds with large or limited migration areas -- were investigated. the following antigens were used: influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2)), a2 england 42/73 (h3n2), a2 victoria 3/75 (h3n2), a/new jersey 8/76 (hswn1), b/hong kong 5/72; parainfluenza virus type i sendai and type ii, coronavirus oc/43. an elevated incidence of antibodi ... | 1978 | 228619 |
| nucleic acid homology studies of viral nucleic acids in idiopathic parkinson's disease. | reassociation kinetics analyses with radioiodinated herpes simplex type 1 dna and influenza a/nws rna were performed in the presence of tissue nucleic acids from defined loci of the brains of nine patients with idiopathic parkinson's disease, one normal control brain, and the brains of uninfected mice or mice infected with either herpes simplex type 1 virus or influenza a/nws virus. herpes simplex type 1 dna was detected by an increased reassociation rate in the herpes simplex type 1 virus-infec ... | 1979 | 228643 |
| inactivation of influenza and vesicular stomatitis virion rna polymerase activities by photoreaction with 4'-substituted psoralens. | irradiation of purified influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) with long-wavelength uv light in the presence of 4'-substituted psoralens inactivated the virion-associated rna polymerase activity. inactivation was apparently due to psoralen modification of the viral genome rnas, since cations that decrease psoralen binding to nucleic acids had a protective effect, and reconstitution of vsv rna polymerase activity was inhibited by photoreaction of nucleoprotein cores but not by pretr ... | 1979 | 229269 |
| herpes simplex virus and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. report of a case and review of the literature. | a 61-year-old man experienced the abrupt onset of a nonspecific febrile illness followed by the acute development of bilateral vocal cord paralysis. there was no evidence for guillain-barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, brainstem encephalitis, myasthenia gravis, metabolic encephalopathy, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, botulism, tumor, vasculitis, or extrinsic nerve compression. no cause for the fever was ascertained, and the vocal cord paralysis improved sponaneously. acute and convalescent viral se ... | 1979 | 229784 |
| viral interference phenomena induced by foot-and-mouth disease temperature-sensitive mutants in bovine kidney cells. | cultures of bovine kidney (bk) cells infected with temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) were incubated at 38.5 degrees c, a temperature nonpermissive for mutant virus growth and rna synthesis. the cells were subsequently resistant to viral growth and rna synthesis when superinfected with wild-type fmdv and with heterologous fowl plague virus. the extent of interference was proportional to the multiplicity of infection of the ts mutant. it increased with time ... | 1979 | 229787 |
| clones of cells from a human embryo lung: their growth and susceptibility to respiratory viruses. | colonies of cells were obtained from human fetal lung tissue and exposed to recently isolated respiratory viruses. there was a considerable variation in the number of rounded cells found in different colonies exposed to rhinovirus types 2 and 9 (rv2 and 9), human coronavirus 229e (hcv), adenovirus type 3 (ad3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). smaller colonies had more rounded cells than larger colonies. clones were established from 9 out of 11 colonies. they varied in their rate of growth ... | 1979 | 229795 |
| influenza immunization: the u. s. experience. | | 1979 | 230112 |
| polarity of influenza and vesicular stomatitis virus maturation in mdck cells: lack of a requirement for glycosylation of viral glycoproteins. | we have investigated whether glycosylation of membrane glycoproteins is a determinant of the site of maturation of enveloped viruses in madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells. in mdck cell monolayers, vesicular stomatitis virus buds exclusively from the basal or lateral plasma membranes and contains a sialylated glycoprotein, whereas influenza virus buds exclusively from the apical plasma membrane and lacks neuraminic acid. in order to study the possible relationship between glycosylation of vir ... | 1979 | 230510 |
| a seroepizootiologic study of five viruses in a swine-evaluation station. | this serologic study was done to gain information on the spread, maintenance, and effect upon performance of five porcine viruses. blood samples were taken from two groups of 8- to 11-week-old pigs from a large number of indiana swine herds in a performance-testing station 1 week after entry, 7 weeks after entry (one group only), and at slaughter. the sera were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody tests for antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), swine influenza virus (siv), ... | 1979 | 230762 |
| avian influenza virus infection of the immunosuppressed turkey. | | 1979 | 230771 |
| cell-mediated cytotoxicity following influenza infection and vaccination in humans. | cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in circulating mononuclear cells from 31 volunteers challenged with live influenza a/victoria virus, and 22 volunteers vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine, was examined employing target cells infected with several viruses by means of a 51cr release assay. effectors from infected volunteers, and from volunteers who manifested four-fold rises in serum hai antibody after vaccination, demonstrated significantly elevated levels of cytotoxicity against target ... | 1979 | 231094 |
| decreased cell-mediated cytotoxicity against virus-infected cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. | cell-mediated cytotoxicity, directed against virus-infected tissue culture cells, was studied with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) and 12 matched, normal subjects in a 51cr release assay. baseline (preimmunization) levels of cytotoxicity against target cells infected with influenza a/victoria, influenza b/hong kong, newcastle disease virus, and herpes simplex virus were significantly decreased in patients with sle compared to normal sub ... | 1979 | 231095 |
| experimental infection of mink with influenza a viruses. brief report. | mink were found to be susceptible to the intranasal inoculation of human, swine, equine and avian influenza a viruses. the viruses were recovered until the 7th post inoculation (p.i.) day from the respiratory tract. the inoculated mink showed antibody response against these viruses. contact infection in mink with a/kumamoto/22/77 (h3n2) was possible. | 1979 | 231948 |
| generation of virus specific cytotoxic t cells in vitro. iii. spleen cells stimulated by viral antigens generate alloreactive cytotoxic t cells. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) from dba/2 strain mice primed with sendai virus (sv) in vivo were activated by secondary stimulation of spleen cells with viral antigens in vitro and analyzed for their target antigen specificity. these effector cells lysed syngeneic sendai virus infected target cells, marginally a variety of non-infected targets and had a strong cytotoxic effect on h-2b targets. studies on the antigenic requirements revealed that all sv preparations which generated specific ctl als ... | 1979 | 232074 |
| infection of cultured human type ii pneumonocytes with certain respiratory viruses. | human type ii alveolar pneumonocytes were grown either as monolayers derived from a clone or as organotypic cultures of fetal lung. the type ii cells in these cultures retained in their cytoplasm multilamellar bodies which were morphologically identical to similar organelles present in type ii cells of intact human fetal and adult lung. a number of respiratory viruses infected the cells and produced a cytopathic effect in the cultures. viral components were also detected in some of the infected ... | 1979 | 232693 |
| [incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in the western districts of the county of karl-marx-stadt in the period from 1973 to 1977]. | | 1979 | 232950 |
| [heterogeneity of an influenza virus allantoic culture for sorbability on a macroporous silicate sorbent]. | | 1979 | 233049 |
| generation of both cross-reactive and virus-specific t-cell populations after immunization with serologically distinct influenza a viruses. | specificity of cytotoxic t-cell function was investigated for a range of different influenza viruses. t cells from mice immunized with a or b strain influenza viruses, or with vaccinia virus, showed reciprocal exclusion of cytotoxicity. extensive cross-reactivity was, however, found for lymphocyte populations from mice infected with a variety of serologically distinct influenza a viruses, though serum antibodies did not cross-react when tested in a radioimmunoassay using comparable target cells ... | 1977 | 233901 |
| inhalatory infection of mice with influenza a0/pr8 virus. ii. detection of the virus in the blood and extrapulmonary organs. | in the course of experimental aerosol infection of mice with influenza a virus, the latter was regularly detected in the blood, liver, salivary glands, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, heart and irregularly in cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes. the findings of extrapulmonary virus were in direct quantitative relationship to the rate of lung involvement. | 1975 | 235195 |
| the effect of species and organ-specific features of tissue systems on the reactogenic and immunogenic properties of influenza virus. | the dynamics of changes in the reactogenic and immunogenic properties of influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus in the course of serial passages in white mice, chick embryos, chick, cow and pig embryo kidney tissue cultures and in rat, guinea pig, chick embryo, cow embryo and pig embryo trachea organ cultures was studied. the rate of virus attenuation was found to depend not only on the species origin of tissue systems but also on their organ specificity. in rapid, 24-hour passages in chick emb ... | 1975 | 235196 |
| the effect of the isolation procedure on the transcriptase activity of fowl plaque virus ribonucleoprotein. | | 1975 | 235205 |
| [isolation of surface antigens of influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2) by density gradient fractionation with a new carboxypolypeptidase (author's transl)]. | isolation of pure neuraminidase and hemagglutinin from influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2) can be achieved using the coupled action of a new carboxypolypeptidase from streptomyces fradiae and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). biochemical, physical and physico-chemical studies showed that the two molecules are in pure form and of glycoproteic nature. | 1975 | 238492 |
| morphology of a/wsn influenza virus-infected chick embryo cells. | a/wsn (h0n1) influenza virus-infected chick embryo cells (cec) attained a swollen central region 4 hours post infection (p.i.), different from the elongated uninfected cell. from 6 hours p.i. of cec an increasing number of approximately 100-120 nm, round protrusions were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy on the cell membrane, which was smooth on the uninfected cell. at 48 hours p.i. a great number of protrusions were observed on the cell; in addition, there were a number ... | 1975 | 239562 |
| a duck influenza virus with haemagglutinin related to that of a/singapore/57 (h2n2) virus. | | 1975 | 239585 |
| heterogeneity of a/singapore/1/57 (h2n2) influenza virus. | the population of a/singapore/1/57 (h2n2) influenza virus was found to contain two types of infectious particle. "normal" virions with a diameter from 100-130 nm, a buoyant density in sucrose of 1.21 g/cm3 and a sedimentation coefficient 770 s represented about 90 percent of the population. in addition, a considerable amount of larger particles (up to 1000 nm) with a buoyant density in sucrose of 1.18 g/cm3 and a sedimentation coefficient of over 1000 s were present. | 1975 | 241224 |
| streptovirudins -- new antibiotics with antiviral activity. the antiviral spectrum and inhibition of newcastle disease virus in cell cultures. | streptovirudins are new antibiotics isolated as a mixture of several structurally related compounds from fermentations of streptomyces griseoflavus (krainsky) waksman et henrici var. thuringensis ja 10124. they possess antiviral activity against rna and dna viruses cultivated in chick embryo cells, namely sindbis, fowl plague, newcastle disease (ndv), pseudorabies, vaccinia and sheep abortion viruses. the naturally formed streptovirudin complex, in concentrations of 20-2.5 mug/ml inhibited the v ... | 1975 | 241229 |
| polymorphism of human blood groups and incidence of influenza a/hong kong (h3n2). | during three epidemics of influenza a/hong kong (h3n2) and experimentally in vaccines, the relation between influenza infection and abo, rh and mn blood groups was studied. examinations of 2760 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza and 749 persons vaccinated with live influenza vaccine showed that individuals of blood groups o and b were susceptible to influenza 1.67 and 1.20 times more, respectively, than individuals of blood group a. the difference in incidence was most man ... | 1975 | 241245 |
| antigenic comparison of swine influenza virus isolates. | cross hemagglutination inhibition (hi) and neuraminidase inhibition (ni) tests demonstrated strong antigenic relationship between a/swine/wisconsin/1/73 (sw/73) and a/swine/shope/15/31 (sw/31) influenza viruses. an eigthyone fold purification of virus was achieved by adsorption and elution followed by differential ultracentrifugation and sedimentation through linear sucrose gradient. radioimmunoassay using purified 125i labeled viral antigens revealed antigenic variation between the two virus is ... | 1975 | 241310 |
| the nurse's role in the swine influenza immunization program. | | 1977 | 244353 |
| antiviral compounds. xiii. synthesis and anti-influenza virus activity of n-(1-adamantyl)amidinohydrazones. | | 1979 | 261989 |
| influenza virus split vaccines. effect of priming infection on serologic response in humans. | | 1979 | 262510 |
| the swine influenza vaccine lesson. | | 1977 | 264580 |
| influenza a neuraminidase antibodies in children and young adults studied by serum absorption. | a study is described of influenza a anti-neuraminidase antibodies in the sera of young people of three different groups. each serum was individually absorbed with viruses containing the n2 neuraminidases of 1957, 1968 and 1972. rabbit antisera prepared against the viruses were similarly absorbed. results obtained with the animal sera suggested that these neuraminidases were antigenically distinct, but the human sera had a broader range of anti-neuraminidase activity and gave indication of asymme ... | 1977 | 265343 |
| influenza surveillance 1972-75. by the public health laboratory service standing advisory committee on influenza. | the surveillance programme described in an earlier report was used to monitor outbreaks of influenza in three successive winters. influenza virus a was active in all of them, but the only major outbreak of influenza b was in 1973--4. the highest incidence of influenza a was in the 0--4 age group in all three winters, but schoolchildren bore the brunt of infections by influenza virus b. | 1977 | 265344 |
| the response to inactivated influenza a (h3n2) vaccines: the development and effect of antibodies to the surface antigens. | a controlled trial of influenza vaccines in a boys' public school from november 1970 to october 1975 provided an opportunity to study the response to vaccine and the effect on subsequent natural challenge in boys with differing natural experience of influenza a strains. the response to influenza a (h3n2) vaccines was assessed by estimating homotypic and heterotypic antibodies to the surface antigens. previous natural experience of influenza a was found to influence vaccine response and the effec ... | 1977 | 266540 |
| the laboratory surveillance of influenza epidemics in the united kingdom 1968-1976. | the extensive laboratory investigations of respiratory disease in the u.k. over many years have demonstrated the frequency with which influenza viruses, both a and b, are found each winter. only rarely are none isolated. these findings correlate well with other indicators of influenza such as increases in sickness benefit claims and in deaths attributed to influenza and pneumonia. however, outside these demonstrable peaks of incidence influenza viruses have been found to circulate over considera ... | 1977 | 267671 |
| influenza. surveillance report for "swine flu" scare year 1976. | | 1977 | 268501 |
| production of antibodies against influenza virus by somatic cell hybrids between mouse myeloma and primed spleen cells. | we have produced somatic cell hybrids between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells derived from a balb/c mouse immunized with purified influenza virus. the hybrid cells were found to produce large amounts of antibodies specific for the hemagglutinin of the virus and were able to induce tumor formation when injected into balb/c mice. | 1977 | 268647 |
| protective efficacy of rit 4025, a live attenuated influenza vaccine strain, and evaluation of heterotypic immunity to influenza a viruses in ferrets. | ferrets immunized with an h3n2 recombinant of a/pr/8/34 and a/scotland/840/74 (rit 4025 vaccine strain) were almost completely protected against a challenge with the homologous strain a/scotland/840/74. the protection was lower but highly significant when the challenge was performed with the heterologous a/victoria/3/75 wild strain. the protection afforded by the vaccine strain was measured by three indicators: absence of temperature rise, absence or reduction of virus shedding and absence or re ... | 1977 | 269196 |
| isolation of myxoviruses from dead birds arriving at heathrow airport, london. | forty-four haemagglutinating viruses were isolated from the pooled tracheal/cloacal swabs of the dead birds from 170 consignments of caged birds arriving at heathrow airport over a period of 6 months. two isolates were identified as newcastle disease virus but the remaining 42 were all identified as influenza viruses with hav 7 neq 2 antigens. all the consignments from which influenza viruses were isolated originated in india but had widespread destinations. the ndv isolates were from birds orig ... | 1977 | 269200 |
| influenza infections during pregnancy in the mouse. | the effect of a sublethal dose (0-5 ld50) of influenza a/wsn (h0n1) administered intranasally in the 1st and 3rd weeks of pregnancy was studied in c3h inbred mice. maternal and neonatal mortality rates were significantly increased by infections in the 3rd week of pregnancy, but not in the 1st week. infections during the last part of the 1st week significantly depressed the growth rate of neonates. no evidence of viraemia, transplacental transmission or congenital malformations were observed from ... | 1977 | 269201 |
| immunity to attenuated influenza virus wrl 105 infection induced by heterologous, inactivated influenza a virus vaccines. | groups of student volunteers were immunized with one of five different inactivated influenza virus vaccines. the concentration of virus in the various vaccines differed by both the international unitage test and by the concentration of haemagglutinin, as measured by the single radial diffusion test; the results of the two methods of standardization showed no correlation. the serum hi response to immunization was variable; volunteers given a/england/72 showed a 16.6-fold increase in homologous se ... | 1977 | 270523 |
| results of the 1976 rhode island fight-flu program. | | 1977 | 270785 |
| participation of providence senior citizens in the swine flu inoculation program. | | 1977 | 270786 |
| a trial of live virus intra-nasal influenza vaccine. | one hundred and fifty-seven medical students were randomly divided into three groups: one group was vaccinated with alice live virus intra-nasal vaccine; one with sub-unit vaccine given subcutaneously and the third group with a placebo intra-nasal vaccine. one hundred and four patients from two group practices were also given alice vaccine by one of four different practitioners. sero conversion occurred to an equivalent extent in all those given alice vaccine and there was only a minor increase ... | 1978 | 273801 |
| influenza. | | 1978 | 274651 |
| the swine flu program. some thoughts for preventive dentistry. | | 1977 | 275493 |
| biochemical evidence that "new" influenza virus strains in nature may arise by recombination (reassortment). | oligonucleotide analysis of two avian influenza a viruses (hav6n2 and hav6nav4) isolated in nature showed identical or almost identical patterns for the corresponding m and ha genes; 24 of 25 and 13 of 13 large oligonucleotides were indistinguishable by two-dimensional gel analysis. on the other hand, remarkable differences in the oligonucleotide patterns of the remaining genes were observed. only 2 of 11 oligonucleotide spots of the ns gene, 10 of 27 spots of the na/np genes, and 22 of 49 spots ... | 1978 | 277933 |
| conversion reactions simulating guillain-barré paralysis following suspension of the swine flu vaccination program in the u.s.a. | the association of guillain-barré syndrome as a possible complication of swine flu inoculation created the potential for conversion reactions simulating this syndrome. upon termination of the swine flu vaccination program, a study was initiated in a prepaid health plan to identify and categorize such patients. an estimated 8000 adults were vaccinated and it was hypothesized that a large number of these patients would present to the health plan with conversion symptoms. however, only seven patien ... | 1978 | 278603 |
| influenza virus proteins: identity, synthesis, and modification analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. | a modification of the two-dimensional protein electrophoresis system of o'farrell was used to resolve influenza a virus proteins from each other and from host proteins in infected cells. viral protein spots corresponding to the hemagglutinin proteins, neuraminidase, nucleocapsid protein, and nonstructural protein, were identified on the two-dimensional electrophoretogram. use of the two-dimensional separation has allowed us to identify glycoprotein heterogeneity, to demonstrate directly the synt ... | 1978 | 278978 |
| small airways dysfunction in influenza a virus infection: therapeutic role and potential mode of action of amantadine. | previous studies have demonstrated alterations in gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics in presumed and documented viral upper respiratory infections. in our laboratory, using sensitive and noninvasive testing, we have demonstrated significant and prolonged alterations of pulmonary mechanics in uncomplicated natural influenza a infection, which implicate increased resistance in small airways as the cause of dysfunction. amantadine administration in established influenza a infection has been assoc ... | 1977 | 280133 |
| the relative potencies of anti-influenza compounds. | the relative potencies of some standard anti-influenza compounds have been examined in vitro by plaque reduction in calf kidney cells, and in vivo by reduction in virus titers of the lungs of infected mice. strains belonging to the four subtypes h0n1, h1n1, h2n2, and h3n2 were employed to compare the activity of amantadine hydrochloride and ribavirin. in vitro for all strains except a/nws/oo(h0n1) amantadine hydrochloride was 3-4 times more active than ribavirin. in vivo with sensitive strains a ... | 1977 | 280137 |
| effect of an interferon inducer, 9-methylstreptimidone, on influenza virus infection in mice. | the antiviral effect of 9-ms was examined in mice infected with mouse-adapted influenza a2 (h2n2) virus. either a single or a continuous prophylactic administration of 9-ms protected mice from virus infection, and comparison of the minimal effective dose with the lethal dose gave a therapeutic index of approximately 60. when the treatment was started after infection, however, no antiviral effect was demonstrated. a potent virus-inhibitory factor was detected in the lung and serum after a single ... | 1977 | 280155 |
| genetic dimorphism in influenza viruses: characterization of stably associated hemagglutinin mutants differing in antigenicity and biological properties. | influenza virus recombinant x-53 produced for use in the 1976 national immunization program for swine influenza was found to comprise two types of virions differing in their antigenic, replicative, and plaque-forming characteristics. one type, characteristic of x-53 and designated "l," was relatively low-yielding in chicken embryos, produced small clear plaques in madin-darby dog kidney cells, and was selectively inhibited by heterotypic antibody to the a/sw/cam/39 strain of swine influenza viru ... | 1978 | 282644 |
| vaccination of chickens with influenza a/turkey/oregon/71 virus and immunity challenge exposure to five strains of fowl plague virus. | | 1978 | 287099 |
| identification of nonavid influenza a viruses containing human subtypes of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase isolated from poultry in hong kong. | | 1978 | 287100 |
| [a possible new prognostic criterium for acute myelocytic leukemia: speed of the titer increase of antiviral antibodies after virus oncolysate injections]. | in a study conducted by the swiss group for clinical cancer research, 28 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in complete remission were treated by chemotherapy and viral oncolysate (i.e. formalin treated fowl plague virus infected allogenous leukemia cells). patients with a slow rise and low maximal titers of antiviral antibodies in the sera proved to have longer remissions than those with a prompt and high rise. several patients showed association of antiviral antibody changes in the serum ... | 1979 | 290041 |