| typing of canine parvovirus isolates using mini-sequencing based single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. | the antigenic types of canine parvovirus (cpv) are defined based on differences in the amino acids of the major capsid protein vp2. type specificity is conferred by a limited number of amino acid changes and in particular by few nucleotide substitutions. pcr based methods are not particularly suitable for typing circulating variants which differ in a few specific nucleotide substitutions. assays for determining snps can detect efficiently nucleotide substitutions and can thus be adapted to ident ... | 2012 | 22374103 |
| epidemiology and molecular characterization of carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection in the wild felid leopardus guigna in chile. | landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. the present study investigated carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. we also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. protoparvovirus dna was detecte ... | 2020 | 33238057 |
| novel parvovirus in cats, china. | parvovirus is a common element of the feline virus group and usually causes gastroenteritis and leukopenia in cats. in this study, we identified a novel protoparvovirus from the chinese domestic cats, which is genetically similar to canine bufavirus (98.0%-99.8%), but sharing low amino acid identities in the viral structural proteins 2 (vp2) (36.1-37.2%) to the well-known canine parvovirus type 2 and feline panleukopenia virus. this virus was provisionally designated as feline bufavirus (fbuv). ... | 2021 | 34363851 |
| gastrointestinal ultrasonographic findings in cats with feline panleukopenia: a case series. | feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) is very resistant and highly contagious and infects domestic cats and other felids. fpv is particularly widespread among sheltered cats, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, causing severe gastroenteritis characterized by anorexia, lethargy, fever, dehydration, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and vomiting. there is currently no data on the ultrasonographic features of cats affected with fpv. this case series describes abdominal ultrasonographic findings in ... | 2021 | 33413382 |
| identification of inonotus obliquus polysaccharide with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multi-feline viruses. | inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (iops) are a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiopathy, diabetes, aids, pancreatitis and other diseases. in this study, we found that iop can act as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against feline viruses in the in vitro experiment. using cell models of feline calicivirus (fcv), we demonstrated that iop treatment was capable of exhibiting anti-fcv strain f9 activity in cell-based assays and also showed low cytotoxicity. investigation ... | 2017 | 27865960 |
| efficacy of passively transferred antibodies in cats with acute viral upper respiratory tract infection. | a commercial hyperimmune serum, containing antibodies against feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), and feline panleukopenia virus, is available for treatment of cats with feline upper respiratory tract disease (furtd), but its efficacy has not been rigorously evaluated in scientific studies. the aim of this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of passive immunisation in cats with acute viral furtd caused by fcv and/or fhv-1 i ... | 2014 | 24929533 |
| in vitro assessment of the feline cell-mediated immune response against feline panleukopeniavirus, calicivirus and felid herpesvirus 1 using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling. | in this study an in vitro assay was optimized to detect feline proliferating lymphocytes as an assessment for the cell-mediated immune response. for this purpose, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdu) labeling was chosen because of its sensitivity and the possibility of further characterization of proliferating cells. the assay was optimized by selecting the best batch and concentration of fetal bovine serum, β-mercaptoethanol concentration, cell density, brdu incubation time and antigen presenting cel ... | 2012 | 22460172 |
| evaluation of an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of feline panleukopenia vp2 subunit antigen in comparison to hemagglutination inhibition assay to monitor tiger antibody levels by bayesian approach. | feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) is an etiologic pathogen of feline panleukopenia that infects all members of felidae including tigers (panthera tigris). vaccinations against fpv among wild felid species have long been practiced in zoos worldwide. however, few studies have assessed the tiger immune response post-vaccination due to the absence of a serological diagnostic tool. to address these limitations, this study aimed to develop an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) ... | 2020 | 32762697 |
| ultrasonographic diagnosis of a fibrinonecrotic colonic cast in a kitten with feline panleukopenia virus. | ultrasonography of a cat with diarrhoea and vomiting revealed a multi-layered, discrete linear structure within the large intestine with retention of the intestinal layers which could potentially be confused with an intestinal intussusception. the structure was ultimately expelled from the large intestine during defecation, and confirmed as a fibrinonecrotic cast. the origin of the fibrinonecrotic cast was assumed to be an intestinal pseudo-membrane formed in enteritis caused by immune suppressi ... | 2012 | 22690914 |
| vaccination against feline panleukopenia: implications from a field study in kittens. | feline panleukopenia (fpl) is a serious disease of cats that can be prevented by vaccination. kittens are routinely vaccinated repeatedly during their first months of life. by this time maternally derived antibodies (mda) can interfere with vaccination and inhibit the development of active immunity. the efficacy of primary vaccination under field conditions was questioned by frequent reports to the paul-ehrlich-institut on outbreaks of fpl in vaccinated breeding catteries. we therefore initiated ... | 2012 | 22613093 |
| feline panleukopenia virus is not associated with myocarditis or endomyocardial restrictive cardiomyopathy in cats. | canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2) is nearly indistinguishable from feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and is a well-known cause of viral myocarditis in young puppies; however, it is not known whether either fpv or cpv-2 naturally infects feline cardiomyocytes and causes myocarditis. endomyocarditis (emc) and left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis (lvef), clinically known as "endomyocardial restrictive cardiomyopathy," are important feline heart diseases suspected to have an infectious etiology. a cont ... | 2017 | 28622497 |
| canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv-2) and feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) codon bias analysis reveals a progressive adaptation to the new niche after the host jump. | based on virus dependence from host cell machinery, their codon usage is expected to show a strong relation with the host one. even if this association has been stated, especially for bacteria viruses, the linkage is considered to be less consistent for more complex organisms and a codon bias adaptation after host jump has never been proven. canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv-2) was selected as a model because it represents a well characterized case of host jump, originating from feline panleukopenia ... | 2017 | 28603036 |
| first characterization of a canine parvovirus causing fatal disease in coatis (nasua nasua). | a canine parvovirus (cpv)-like virus was detected by pcr and isolated from dead coatis in argentina. analysis of the full-length genome sequence revealed that it resembled cpv-but also contained a mutation in the vp2 protein (arg377ser) that has not been described previously. this is the first report of a cpv-like virus producing clinical disease in coatis. genetic similarity to cpv-2c viruses detected in brazil suggests a strong relationship between these viruses. although the pathogenic potent ... | 2019 | 31555902 |
| adeno-associated virus-binding antibodies detected in cats living in the northeastern united states lack neutralizing activity. | cats are a critical pre-clinical model for studying adeno-associated virus (aav) vector-mediated gene therapies. a recent study has described the high prevalence of anti-aav neutralizing antibodies among domestic cats in switzerland. however, our knowledge of pre-existing humoral immunity against various aav serotypes in cats is still limited. here, we show that, although antibodies binding known aav serotypes (aav1 to aav11) are prevalent in cats living in the northeastern united states, these ... | 2020 | 32572045 |
| regional adaptations and parallel mutations in feline panleukopenia virus strains from china revealed by nearly-full length genome analysis. | protoparvoviruses, widespread among cats and wild animals, are responsible for leukopenia. feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) in domestic cats is genetically diverse and some strains may differ from those used for vaccination. the presence of fplv in two domestic cats from hebei province in china was identified by polymerase chain reaction. samples from these animals were used to isolate fplv strains in crfk cells for genome sequencing. phylogenetic analysis was performed to compare our isolates ... | 2020 | 31945103 |
| prevalence and risk factors for felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 detection in domestic cats in italy. | felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (fcaghv1), a novel gammaherpesvirus of domestic cats identified in 2014, has been detected in different countries demonstrating a worldwide distribution. the aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of fcaghv1 in italy using a molecular epidemiological approach. fcaghv1 dna was detected with virus-specific real-time pcr in ≃1% of 2659 feline blood samples tested. analysis of risk factors showed that being male and coinfection with feline immunodeficiency v ... | 2019 | 31648722 |
| development and application of a multiplex pcr method for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of feline panleukopenia virus, feline bocavirus, and feline astrovirus. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) assay was developed to detect and distinguish feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), feline bocavirus (fbov) and feline astrovirus (feastv). three pairs of primers were designed based on conserved regions in the genomic sequences of the three viruses and were used to specifically amplify targeted fragments of 237 bp from the vp2 gene of fpv, 465 bp from the np1 gene of fbov and 645 bp from the rdrp gene of feastv. the results showed that this mpcr assay wa ... | 2019 | 31506786 |
| genetic characterization of parvoviruses in domestic cats in henan province, china. | feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and canine parvovirus (cpv) infections are highly contagious and cause serious enteric diseases, with high fatality rates of cats and dogs. given the importance of cats as a potential source of genetic diversity for parvoviruses, parvovirus strains detected in cats with gastroenteritis signs were analysed, and molecular characterisation, sequence analysis and phylogeny were evaluated on the vp2 gene. the results showed that fpv, new cpv-2a, and cpv-2 are co-circu ... | 2018 | 30188020 |
| research on viral agents associated with feline reproductive problems reveals a high association with feline panleukopenia virus. | although reproductive failures (rf) such as abortion, stillbirth and neonatal mortality in cats are still under researched, it is known that many rf are caused by viral agents. this research surveyed the viral agent prevalence in queens with rf. queens were excluded from the study if their rf was caused by issues other than infection, such as genetic, traumatic, hormonal or nutritional problems, or if they had a history of rf. blood samples from 26 pregnant females with rf were collected for com ... | 2018 | 32734056 |
| feline panleukopenia virus as the cause of diarrhea in a banded linsang (prionodon linsang) in thailand. | a banded linsang (prionodon linsang) presented at our hospital with clinical signs of acute diarrhea. fecal samples were positive for canine parvovirus (cpv) as determined by polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for both cpv and feline panleukopenia virus (fpv). the full-length vp2 was cloned, sequenced, and compared with sequences of fpv and cpv strains reported in genbank. the amino acids that determined the host range were similar to those of fpv. moreover, amino acid analysis of v ... | 2019 | 31548471 |
| natural infection of parvovirus in wild fishing cats (prionailurus viverrinus) reveals extant viral localization in kidneys. | carnivore protoparvovirus-1 (cppv-1), a viral species containing feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and canine parvovirus (cpv) variants, are widely spread among domestic and wild carnivores causing systemic fatal diseases. wild fishing cats (prionailurus viverrinus), a globally vulnerable species, have been found dead. postmortem examination of the carcasses revealed lesions in intestine, spleen and kidney. cppv-1 antigen identification in these tissues, using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and ... | 2021 | 33651823 |
| prevention of infectious diseases in cat shelters: abcd guidelines. | recommendations are given in relation to infectious diseases in rescue shelters. the abcd recognises that there is a wide variation in the design and management of shelters, and that these largely reflect local pressures. these guidelines are written with this diverse audience in mind; they point to the ideal, and also provide for some level of compromise where this ideal cannot immediately be attained. in addition consideration should be given to general requirements in order to optimise overal ... | 2013 | 23813812 |
| feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus-1 and feline calicivirus antibody responses in seronegative specific pathogen-free kittens after parenteral administration of an inactivated fvrcp vaccine or a modified live fvrcp vaccine. | two groups of feline panleukopenia (fpv), feline calicivirus (fcv) and feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1) seronegative kittens (six cats per group) were administered one of two feline viral rhinotracheitis, calcivirus and panleukopenia (fvrcp) vaccines subcutaneously (one inactivated and one modified live) and the serological responses to each agent were followed over 49 days (days 0, 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49). while the kittens administered the modified live fpv vaccine were more likely to ... | 2012 | 22314095 |
| effects of maternally-derived antibodies on serologic responses to vaccination in kittens. | the optimal vaccination protocol to induce immunity in kittens with maternal antibodies is unknown. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of maternally-derived antibody (mda) on serologic responses to vaccination in kittens. vaccination with a modified live virus (mlv) product was more effective than an inactivated (ia) product at inducing protective antibody titers (pat) against feline panleukopenia virus (fpv). ia vaccination against feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv) and feline cal ... | 2012 | 22314087 |
| fast parallel detection of feline panleukopenia virus dna by multi-channel microchip electrophoresis with programmed step electric field strength. | a multi-channel microchip electrophoresis using a programmed step electric field strength (psefs) method was investigated for fast parallel detection of feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) dna. an expanded laser beam, a 10× objective lens, and a charge-coupled device camera were used to simultaneously detect the separations in three parallel channels using laser-induced fluorescence detection. the parallel separations of a 100-bp dna ladder were demonstrated on the system using a sieving gel matrix ... | 2013 | 23233436 |
| identification of feline panleukopenia virus proteins expressed in purkinje cell nuclei of cats with cerebellar hypoplasia. | parvoviruses depend on initiation of host cell division for their replication. undefined parvoviral proteins have been detected in purkinje cells of the cerebellum after experimental feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) infection of neonatal kittens and in naturally occurring cases of feline cerebellar hypoplasia. in this study, a parvoviral protein in the nucleus of purkinje cells of kittens with cerebellar hypoplasia was shown by immunoprecipitation to be the fpv viral capsid protein vp2. in pcr-c ... | 2013 | 23159676 |
| expression of transferrin receptor 1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p27(kip1) and calbindin in the fetal and neonatal feline cerebellar cortex. | cerebellar cortices from feline fetuses with estimated gestational ages of 40-66days and from kittens aged 2days to 2months, all negative for feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) infection, were analysed for expression of the transferrin receptor 1 (trfr1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna), p27(kip1) and calbindin. trfr1, the receptor used by fpv to enter target cells, was expressed in capillary endothelial cells in the cerebellum at all fetal stages investigated and in purkinje cells of a ... | 2013 | 23159675 |
| on-line capillary electrophoresis for enhanced detection sensitivity of feline panleukopenia virus. | a rapid on-line capillary electrophoresis (ce) method for highly sensitive detection of dna molecules with specific lengths was developed based on the combination of base stacking (bs) and programmed field strength gradients (pfsg). the bs method has been performed for on-column concentration to improve detection sensitivity without any modification of the ce system. pfsg increased the electrophoretic velocity of dna molecules, which effectively decreased analysis time. using the bs and pfsg com ... | 2012 | 23153639 |